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医学学术英语-主要词汇汇总及单词题目

Vocabulary

Unit 1

neuron 神经元，神经细胞overload 超载，超负荷

diabetes 糖尿病

hypertension 高血压

cholesterol 胆固醇

medication 药物

consultation 问诊，咨询

enzyme 酶

osteoporosis 骨质疏松（症）pneumonia 肺炎

vaccine 疫苗

prescription 处方

simultaneous 同时的

resident 住院医生overwhelming 巨大的，势不可挡的prioritize 确定优先顺序

simulate 模拟

omniscient 全知的

tablet 药片

eligibility 适任，合格

criterion 标准

prognosis 预后

ward 病房，病室infectious 传染的，有传染性的hepatitis 肝炎

metabolism 新陈代谢exacerbate 使加剧，使恶化relapse （旧病）复发epidemiology 流行病学intravenous 静脉内的

arterial 动脉的

humanitarian 人道主义的malaria 疟疾

tuberculosis 肺结核

integral 完整的

control group 对照组

famine 饥荒

publicity 宣传

exceed 超过

compliance 服从

Unit 2

doom 注定

microbial 微生物的vulnerable 易受伤的penicillin 青霉素

regression 倒退，退步respiratory 呼吸的

cholera 霍乱

venue 地点

mutation 变异

pandemic 大流行的（病）influenza 流行性感冒antigen 抗原

immune 免疫的complication 并发症infrastructure 基础设施deteriorate 恶化

exotic 外国的

lethal 致命的

eradicate 根除prevalence 流行率toxicity 毒性

immigration 移民diagnostic 诊断法pathogen 病原体

chronic 慢性的

gastric 胃的

ulcer 溃疡

pesticide 杀虫剂smallpox 天花pathogenic 致病的surveillance 监督vaccination 接种疫苗panacea 万全之策plague 瘟疫

radiograph 射线照片，X光照片screen 屏幕

attend to 照料，致力于

be infected with 感染上...

hit the headline 成为头条contribute to 捐献，有助于Unit 3

tornado 龙卷风

adrenaline 肾上腺素residency 专科住院医生实习期internist 内科医生autoimmune 自体免疫病assault 攻击，袭击

optimal 最佳的，理想的dementia 痴呆

physiology 生理学biochemistry 生物化学experimentation 实验

cerebral 大脑的

therapist 治疗学家

allergy 过敏

abdominal 腹部的

mercury 汞

herbicide 除草剂

toxin 毒素

angina 心绞痛

intervention 介入，干预genetics 遗传学

inevitable 必然的

secondary 第二的

guarantee 保证chemotherapy 化疗

oncology 肿瘤学

longevity 长寿

replicate 复制

cardiovascular

cognitive 认知的

hostility 敌意

nurture 养育

hormone 激素

activate 激活

hospice 善终院

efficacy 效能

pharmacology 药理学pharmaceutical 制药的reimbursement 偿还，报销immerse oneself in 沉浸于

Unit 4

integrative medicine 中西医结合complementary 补足的evaluation评价

dietary 饮食的

paradigm 模式，范例acupuncture 针灸message 按摩

shed light on 阐明某事nausea 恶心

vomit 呕吐

rehabilitation 康复syndrome 综合征

asthma 哮喘

outpatient 门诊病人hypothesis 假设，假说subjective 主观的practitioner 从业者

intrinsic 本质的quantitative 定量的

holistic 整体的

fall victim to 成为...的受害者prestigious 声望很高的appendicitis 阑尾炎prioritize 优先考虑optimization 最佳化skeptical 怀疑的

inpatient 住院病人anesthesia 麻醉

surgical 外科的

receptive 善于接受的expenditure 支出competency 能力

prerequisite 先决条件obesity 肥大

extract 萃取物meditation 冥想derive from 源自affordable 负担得起的irritable 过敏的prevalence 流行，普遍Unit 5

alleviate 减轻

vitality 生机

deceit 欺骗

intuitive 直觉的repress 压抑（感情）toolbox 工具箱

fragile 脆弱的

strive 努力奋斗manifestation 表现manifest 证明，表明undermine 破坏

rage 愤怒

beverage 饮料

calorie 卡（路里）intake 摄取量caffeine 咖啡因miscarriage 流产prone 易于...的mortality 死亡率

gallstone 胆结石

calcium 钙

pyramid 金字塔

yogurt 酸奶

vague 模糊的

unify 统一

poultry 家禽

deficient 不足的

abandon 放弃

reluctant 勉强的

resolution 分辨率，决议

inclination 倾向

dimensional 空间的，尺寸的imbalance 不平衡

nutrient 营养物

curb 抑制

moderate 稳健的，适度的

come to terms with 妥协

on a daily basis 每天（指一起共事）strive to 努力

be consistent with 与...一致

Unit 6

personalized 个性化的

palliative 缓解病痛的（疗法）anemia 贫血（症）

potentially 潜在地

multidisciplinary 多学科的counselor 律师

veteran 老兵

eligible 合格的

transition 过渡，转变pulmonary 肺的

curative 治疗的

dialysis 透析

columnist 专栏作家articulate 清楚地表达anticipation 预期

stubborn 顽固的

stumbling 障碍的，绊脚的obstructive 阻碍的，妨碍的obstruction 障碍物，阻塞物exhale 呼（气）

in vitro 在体外。在试管中fertilization 受精obstetrician 产科医师symposium 讨论会

ethics 伦理学anthropology 人类学reproductive 生殖的

coax 哄诱

mammal 哺乳动物

sperm 精子

high profile 高调，令人瞩目infertility 不孕（症）infertile 不能生育的visionary 有远见的

make sense 有意义permanent 永久的

by no means 决不terminal 末端，极限abnormality 畸形，异常be free of 免于...

Unit 7

clinician 临床医生

ethicist 伦理学家

hospice 救济院

surgical 外科的，外科手术meditation 冥想

autolysis 自身溶解unethical 缺乏职业道德的autonomy 自治，自治权psychiatry 精神病学medication 药物hospitalize 就医physiologist 生理学家travail 困境，痛苦经历gesticulate 做手势purview 范围，权限paternalistic 家长式作风的empowerment 许可，授权

tenet 原则

traction 牵引力

mundane 平凡的

respondent （尤指调查中）回答问题的人

grapple 尽力解决

halfhearted 兴趣不大的transgression （对法律、准则的）违犯

oncologist 肿瘤学家

metastasis （疾病的）转移

lesion 损伤，病灶

follow-up 后续行动

embolus 血栓

radiologist 放射科医师

infiltrate 浸润物，渗透物

sue （尤指为要求赔偿金而）起诉evidence-based 循证

underlie 构成...的基础

intent 意愿坚决的

referral 指引，引荐

feasible 可行的

expertise 专家的意见

denigrate 毁誉，贬低

constrain 限制

Unit 8

designate 指明Generalizable 可概括的justification 正当理由，合理性beneficence 善意

autonomous 自主的

diminish 减少

coerce 胁迫

unduly 过度地

maximize 最大化

oath 誓言

imperative 规则

forgo 放弃

conceive 构思

explication 说明

deprivation 贫困

formulation 方案

arrayal 排列

infirm 虚弱的

pediatric 儿科的

neurosurgeon 神经外科医生vein 静脉

amend 改良

confidential 秘密的

meningitis 脑（脊）膜炎

skull 头颅

circulation 血液循环

jurisdiction 管辖权

under the auspices 在...的赞助下

affiliated 附属的

protocol 治疗方案

exempt 被豁免的

liability 义务

criminal liability 刑事责任transfusion 输血，输液pathology 病理（学）humanity 人类histocompatibility 组织相容性autism 孤独症

systematic 系统的prescription 药方

Unit 9

bestow 给予

essence 本质，要素

annals 年鉴

eloquent 清楚表达的malady 疾病

inquisitive 好奇的

civic 公民的

obscure 模糊不清的professionalism 专业技巧embed 插入

mindedness 思维，意识betterment 改善，提高internship 实习期stethoscope 听诊器chatter 闲聊

dart 飞镖

lob 将...以高弧线掷出budding 萌芽的

culpable 应受谴责的surreptitiously 秘密地inconspicuously 难以察觉地discern 觉察出

diploma 毕业证书hierarchy 层级

hearsay 传闻

cutting-edge 最前沿的disparity 不一致osteopathic 整骨疗法的underserved 不恰当的irreducible 不能减少的pediatrics 儿科

rarefy 变稀少或稀薄shortfall 差额，缺少lucrative 获利多的

jump-start 启动chickenpox 水痘

itchy 发痒的

blister 水泡，水疱

scab 痂，疤

precaution 预防

1-2单元词汇题

1.High ____ can be very damaging to your health, causing a variety of serious health

problems.

A. cholesterol

B. enzyme

C. lipoma

D. hypertension

2. _____ could injure the patient’s liver, and be spread to other victims.

A. Sinusitis

B. Appendicitis

C. Hepatitis

D. Myocarditis

3. In ancient times, _____ was almost incurable, and caused large amount of deaths. However, with the discovery of antibiotics, this pulmonary disease can be treated nowadays.

A. meningitis

B. tuberculosis

C. osteoporosis

D. hypertension

4. Almost all governments provide free ______ to prevent pertussis, diphtherial, and polio.

A. statin

B. tetanus

C. regimen

D. vaccine

5. Those whose GPA is lower than 4 have no _____ to apply for that particular scholarship.

A. eligibility

B. power

C. ability

D. allocation

6. To improve your work efficiency, it is necessary to make lists of what to do and ______ your tasks.

A. prioritize

B. simulate

C. emulate

D. randomize

7. The symptoms would ______ if the Jackson keeps on smoking 2 packages of cigarettes a day.

A. increase

B. pontificate

C. exacerbate

D. decrease

8. Patients' uncooperative attitudes towards drug-taking increase the chances of _____.

A. occurrence

B. appearance

C. relapse

D. recur

9. ______, which developed in 20th century, studies the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations, and the application of this study to control of health problems.

A. Epidemics

B. Epidemiology

C. Biochemistry

D. Pathology

10. No one is ______; we're all ignorant about something.

A. all-present

B. omniscient

C. omnipresent

D. omnipotent

11. I promised (him) to ______ the matter promptly.

A. attend up

B. attend with

C. attend upon

D. attend to

12. More governmental _____ is needed to improve deteriorating food safety

A. survey

B. guidance

C. surveillance

D. inspection

13. _____ refers to structures, systems, and facilities serving the economy of a business, industry, country, city, town, or area, including the services and facilities necessary for its economy to function.

A. Infrastructure

B. Structure

C. Construction

D. Equipment

14. The _____ system is a host defense system comprising many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease

A. immunological

B. immune

C. metabolic

D. circulatory

15. Infectious agent such as a virus, bacterium, prion, or a fungus, could be ______ if it caused diseases on living creatures.

A. pathological

B. pathogenic

C. pathogenesis

D. pathogen

16. News about government officials’ corruption often _____ and becomes hot topics among the mass public.

A. attack the headline

B. hit the headline

C. occupy the headline

D. dominate the headline

17. Smoking and drinking would cause _____, whose major symptom include waking at night with upper abdominal or upper abdominal pain that improves with eating.

A. gastric ulcer

B. dental ulcer

C. influenza

D. panacea

18. If you have a particular_____, you become ill or get a rash when you eat, smell, or touch something that does not normally make people ill..

A. allergen

B. allergic

C. allergy

D. allergenic

19. An increased _____ of Parkinson’s disease in Australia has led to a reform in diet in the past few years..

A. relevance

B. relevant

C. prevalent

D. prevalence

20. If there are no _____, the doctor says that she'll be able to come home within two weeks.

A. contractions

B. regression

C. contradictions

D. complications

答案：

1.A

2. C

3. B

4. D

5. A

6. A

7. C

8. C

9. B 10.B

11.D12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D 16. B 17. A 18. C 19. D 20. D

3和4单元词汇题目

1. ______ is a branch of medicine that deals with the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of cancer.

A. Pharmacology

B. Physiology

C. Oncology

D. Biochemistry

2. Anaphylaxis is a severe reaction that can be life-threatening. Doctors use skin and blood tests to diagnose ______. Treatments include medicines, immunotherapy, and avoiding the substances that cause the reactions.

A. antibodies

B. allergic

C. allergies

D. antigen

3. When applying for a loan, you might come across a situation that your client may ask you to provide a financial ______ from a third party.

A. support

B. reimbursement

C. guarantee

D. efficacy

4. Video cameras with night vision can be ______ by movement.

A. animated

B. activated

C. acted

D. actioned

5. Recent medical studies confirm the ______ of a healthier lifestyle, which is symbolized by more social activities and less screen obsession.

A. efficiency

B. efficacy

C. effect

D. affection

6. Successful completion of a ______ program is a requirement to obtaining an unrestricted license to practice medicine in many jurisdictions, which may be followed by fellowship or "sub-specialty" training.

A. resident

B. residency

C. intern

D. internship

7. The circulatory system is often seen to comprise two separate systems: the ______ system, which distributes blood, and the lymphatic system, which circulates lymph. The passage of lymph often takes much longer than that of blood.

A. myocardial

B. vascular

C. cerebrovascular

D. cardiovascular

8. ______, as a scientific discipline, stemmed from the work of Gregor Mendel in the middle of the 19th century. It is the study of heredity. Heredity is a biological process where a parent passes certain genes onto their children or offspring.

A. Inheritance

B. Genetics

C. Biochemistry

D. Bioengineering

9. Although Kodak anticipated the ______ rise of digital photography, its corporate

（企业的）culture was too rooted in the successes of the past for it to make the clean break necessary to fully embrace the future.

A. suitable

B. inevitable

C. vital

D. vulnerable

10. I am quite convinced that the Iraq War of 2003 was a trillion-dollar error that provokes far deeper anti-American ______.

A. emotion

B. hostility

C. hospitality

D. dispute

11. Several ______ for global warming have been suggested, all of which needs to be further proved.

A. ideas

B. evaluations

C. hypotheses

D. prerequisites

12. ______, originated in China, is a treatment for pain and illness in which special needles are put into the skin at particular positions.

A. Frolics

B. Yoga

C. Message

D. Acupuncture

13. I know you're feeling sea sick, but if our boat sinks, _____ will be the least of your problems.

A. nausea

B. vomit

C. asthma

D. rehabilitation

14. All her pleasure and satisfaction ______ playing the violin.

A. sheds light on

B. falls victims to

C. derives from

D. originates for

15. Nutritionists at university based research centers have also been _____ about the so-called master’s secrets in keeping fit.

A. receptive

B. prestigious

C. irritable

D. skeptical

16. According to the latest research, news stories about public health can ____ third-person effect.

A. fall victim to

B. fall pit to

C. fall hearsay to

D. fall definition to

17. Many fairy tales _____ history are fabricated instead of based on real historical events.

A. derived of

B. were derived of

C. derived from

D. were derived from

18. _____ is necessary for surgery; however, it does not deliver any direct therapeutic benefit.

A. Anesthesia

B. Euthanasia

C. Antibiotics

D. Rehabilitation

19. An American Journal of Epidemiology study in 1990 found that _____was a common condition affecting approximately 6.7% of females and 8.6% of males. Individuals of any age may be affected, with the highest incidence occurring in the teens and twenties.

A. appendix

B. appendicitis

C. appendectomy

D. appendage

20. Master of Doctor graduates must also be numerate, because most medical researches involve _____ methods and statistics.

A. quality

B. qualitative

C. quantity

D. quantitative

答案：

1. C

2. C

3. C

4. B

5. B

6. B

7. D

8. B

9. B 10. B

11. C 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. D 16. A 17. C 18.A 19.B 20.D

6-7单元词汇测试

1.Most people do not have to be _____ for asthma or pneumonia. They can take

home remedy and get recovery gradually.

A.hospitalized

B.exhaled

C.coaxed

D.articulated

2. My definition of a good _____ is one where some of the patients start feeling

too good to die.

A.anemia

B.veteran

C.hospice

D.columnist

3. It's simply _____ to promote and advertise such a dangerous product

A.dialysis

B.curative

C.tenet

D.unethical

4. _____ is an accepted branch of medicine. It deals with mental or emotional disorders

A. Medication

B. Psychiatry

C. Physiologist

D. Purview

5. Gender equality and women's _____ are fundamental to the global mission of the United Nations to achieve equal rights and dignity for all.

A.empowerment

B.autolysis

C.sue

D.transgression

6. I hold to the _____ that theory should be united with practice.

A.transgression

B.terminal

C.tenet

D.transition

7. The doctor is being _____. He's deciding what information the patient needs to know.

A.pulmonary

B.paternalistic

C.curative

D.abnormality

8. His _____ instruments were a knife and a pair of pincers.

A.symposium

B.infertility

C.surgeon

D.surgical

9. He gained the medal through his painful _____.

A.travail

B.travale

C.transition

D.transient

10. A trained _____ designs a treatment protocol based on the needs and

particular behavioural problem of an individual patient.

A.clinical

B.clinician

C.paternalistic

D.radiologist

11.

It provides the physician with information that enables him to provide you with ver y _____ treatment.

A.personification

B.personalized

C.personate

D.personal

12.Adolescenceis the _____ period between childhood and manhood.

A. transition

B.constrain

C.underlie

D.grapple

13. Almost half the population are _____ to vote in today's election.

A.gesticulated

C.unethical

D.eligible

14. Recently, the Sixth International __B___ on oral health and AIDS was held in Beijing.

A.Referral

B.Symposium

C.Metastasis

D.Oncologist

15. When you feel depressed, you’d better talk with close friends and family, a _____ or a coach about what is going on.

A.counselist

B.counselor

C.radiologist

D.expertise

16. The human brain needs to be without oxygen for only four minutes before _____ damage occurs.

A.halfhearted

B.evidence-based

D.permanent

17.His work promotes marine _____ conservation and contributes to developing be st practices for wildlife management.

A.medication

B.mercury

C.mammal

D.measles

18. He was eventually diagnosed as suffering from _____ cancer

A.tenet

B.terminal

C.travail

D.transgression

19. He will be attending next week's American Grammy Awards in feverish _____.

A.abnormality

B.abdominal

C.anticipation

D.agitation

全国医学英语统考医学英语词汇表(精选整理版)

全国医学英语统考医学英语词汇表(精选) A alimentary [?l?'ment(?)r?] a．营养的；消化器官的 alkaline ['?lk?la?n] a．碱性的n．碱性，碱度 allergic [?'l??d??k] a．过敏的 alleviate [?'li?v?e?t] v．减轻(痛苦)，缓和 alveolus [?l'v??l?s] n．小窝，牙槽；肺泡 ambulant ['?mbj?l(?)nt] a．走动的；适宜于下床活动的 ameliorate [?'mi?l??re?t] v．改善，改良，转好 ammonia [?'m??n??] n．氨 anatomy [?'n?t?m?] n．解剖学 amputate ['?mpj?te?t] V．切断，截(肢) anemia [?'ni:mi?] n．贫血症 anesthesia [,?n?s'θi?z??] n．感觉缺失；麻醉（等于anaesthesia）anesthetic [,?n?s'θ?t?k] a．麻木的 n．麻醉剂 anhydrous [?n'ha?dr?s] a．脱水的，无水的 ankle ['??k(?)l] n．踝 anorexia [,?n?'reks??] n．食欲缺失；厌食 anoxia [?'n?ks??] n．缺氧(症) antacid [?n't?s?d] n．解酸药，抗酸剂 antibiotics [,?ntibai'?tiks] n．抗生素 antibody ['?nt?b?d?]n．抗体 antifebrile [,?nt?'fi?bra?l] a．退热的n．退热药 antigen['?nt?d?(?)n] n．抗原 antiseptic[?nt?'sept?k] a．防腐的，抗菌的n．防腐剂；抗菌剂 antitoxin[?nt?'t?ks?n] n．抗毒素 antiviral[?nt?'va?r(?)l] a．抗病毒的 antivirus[,?nti'vai?r?s] n．抗病毒素 apparatus[,?p?'re?t?s] n．器械，仪器，装置 appendicitis[?,pend?'sa?t?s] n．阑尾炎 appendix[?'pend?ks] n．附录；阑尾 appetite ['?p?ta?t] n．食欲，胃口，要求，欲望 appliance [?'pla??ns] n．器具；用具；器械 arrhythmia [?'r?θm??] n．心率不齐；心率失常 artery ['ɑ?t?r?] n．动脉，干线 arthritis [ɑ?'θra?t?s] n．关节炎 articular [ɑ?'t?kj?l?] a．关节的 aseptic [e?'sept?k] a．无菌的；防腐的；冷漠的 asphyxia [?s'f?ks??] n．窒息 aspirate ['?sp?re?t] v．吸出；抽出抽吸,抽吸物,送气音aspirin ['?sp(?)r?n] n．阿司匹林 assay [?'se?; '?se?] n．测定，鉴定；化验v．化验，分析；尝试' assimilate [?'s?m?le?t] v．吸收；同化

(完整版)医学专业英语翻译及答案

Chapter 1 Passage 1 Human Body In this passage you will learn: 1. Classification of organ systems 2. Structure and function of each organ system 3. Associated medical terms To understand the human body it is necessary to understand how its parts are put together and how they function. The study of the body's structure is called anatomy; the study of the body's function is known as physiology. Other studies of human body include biology, cytology, embryology, histology, endocrinology, hematology, immunology, psychology etc. 了解人体各部分的组成及其功能，对于认识人体是必需的。研究人体结构的科学叫解剖学；研究人体功能的科学叫生理学。其他研究人体的科学包括生物学、细胞学、胚胎学、组织学、内分泌学、血液学、遗传学、免疫学、心理学等等。 Anatomists find it useful to divide the human body into ten systems, that is, the skeletal system, the muscular system, the circulatory system, the respiratory system, the digestive system, the urinary system, the endocrine system, the nervous system, the reproductive system and the skin. The principal parts of each of these systems are described in this article. 解剖学家发现把整个人体分成骨骼、肌肉、循环、呼吸、消化、泌尿、内分泌、神经、生殖系统以及感觉器官的做法是很有帮助的。本文描绘并阐述了各系统的主要部分。 The skeletal system is made of bones, joints between bones, and cartilage. Its function is to provide support and protection for the soft tissues and the organs of the body and to provide points of attachment for the muscles that move the body. There are 206 bones in the human skeleton. They have various shapes - long, short, cube - shaped, flat, and irregular. Many of the long bones have an interior space that is filled with bone marrow, where blood cells are made. 骨骼系统由骨、关节以及软骨组成。它对软组织及人体器官起到支持和保护作用，并牵动骨胳肌，引起各种运动。人体有206根骨头。骨形态不一，有长的、短、立方的、扁的及不规则的。许多长骨里有一个内层间隙，里面充填着骨髓，这即是血细胞的制造场所。 A joint is where bones are joined together. The connection can be so close that no movement is possible, as is the case in the skull. Other kinds of joints permit movement: either back and forth in one plane - as with the hinge joint of the elbow - or movement around a single axis - as with the pivot joint that permits the head to rotate. A wide range of movement is possible when the ball - shaped end of one bone fits into a socket at the end of another bone, as they do in the shoulder and hip joints. 关节把骨与骨连接起来。颅骨不能运动，是由于骨与骨之间的连接太紧密。但其它的关节可允许活动，如一个平面上的前后屈伸运动，如肘关节；或是绕轴心旋转运动，如枢轴点允许头部转动。如果一根骨的球形末端插入另一根骨的臼槽里，大辐度的运动（如肩关节、髋关节）即成为可能。 Cartilage is a more flexible material than bone. It serves as a protective, cushioning layer where bones come together. It also connects the ribs to the breastbone and provides a structural base for the nose and the external ear. An infant's skeleton is made of cartilage that is gradually replaced by bone as the infant grows into an adult. 软骨是一种比一般骨更具韧性的物质。它是骨连结的保护、缓冲层。它把肋骨与胸骨连结起来，也是鼻腔与内耳的结构基础。一个婴儿的骨骼就是由软骨组成，然后不断生长、

医学英语试验设计常用词汇剖析

医学英语：试验设计常用词汇 SFDA Glossary: GCP，GLP，TRIAL Accuracy 准确度 Active control, AC 阳性对照，活性对照Adverse drug reaction, ADR 药物不良反应Adverse event, AE 不良事件 Adverse medical events 不良医学事件Adverse reaction 药物不良反应 Alb 白蛋白 ALD（Approximate Lethal Dose）近似致死剂量ALP 碱性磷酸酶 Alpha spending function 消耗函数 ALT 丙氨酸氨基转换酶 Analysis sets 统计分析的数据集 Approval 批准 Assistant investigator 助理研究者 AST 天门冬酸氨基转换酶 ATR 衰减全反射法 AUCss 稳态血药浓度－时间曲线下面积 Audit 稽查 Audit or inspection 稽查／视察 Audit report 稽查报告 Auditor 稽查员 Bias 偏性，偏倚 Bioequivalence 生物等效应 Blank control 空白对照 Blind codes 编制盲底 Blind review 盲态审核 Blind review 盲态检查 Blinding method 盲法 Blinding/ masking 盲法，设盲 Block 分段 Block 层

Block size 每段的长度 BUN 尿素氮 Carryover effect 延滞效应 Case history 病历 Case report form 病例报告表 Case report form/ case record form, CRF 病例报告表，病例记录表Categorical variable 分类变量 Cav 平均浓度 CD 圆二色谱 CL 清除率 Clinical equivalence 临床等效应 Clinical study 临床研究 Clinical study report 临床试验的总结报告 Clinical trial 临床试验 Clinical trial application, CTA 临床试验申请 Clinical trial exemption, CTX 临床试验免责 Clinical trial protocol, CTP 临床试验方案 Clinical trial/ study report 临床试验报告 Cmax 峰浓度 Co-investigator 合作研究者 Comparison 对照 Compliance 依从性 Composite variable 复合变量 Computer-assisted trial design, CATD 计算机辅助试验设计Confidence interval 可信区间 Confidence level 置信水平 Consistency test 一致性检验 Contract research organization, CRO 合同研究组织 Contract/ agreement 协议／合同 Control group 对照组 Coordinating committee 协调委员会 Crea 肌酐 CRF(case report form) 病例报告表 Crossover design 交叉设计 Cross-over study 交叉研究

常用骨科医学专业英语词汇

常用骨科医学专业英语词汇骨科ORTHOPEDICS 1、概论INTRODUCTION *fracture n.骨折 pathological fracture 病理骨折 fatigue fracture 疲劳骨折 *open fracture 开放骨折 close fracture 闭合骨折 *comminuted fracture粉碎性骨折 compressed fracture 压缩骨折 shock n.休克 *deformity n.畸形 tenderness n.压痛 swelling n.肿胀 ecchymosis n.瘀斑 obstacle n.功能障碍 *bonefascial compartment syndrome 骨筋膜室综合征infection n.感染 spinal cord injury 脊髓损伤 surrounding nerve 周围神经 *fat embolism 脂肪栓塞 bedsore n.褥疮 arthroclisis n.关节僵硬 ischemic necrosis 缺血性坏死 ischemic contraction 缺血性挛缩 *traumatic arthritis 创伤性关节炎 hematoma n.血肿 *callus n.骨痂 heal n.愈合 *synovitis n.滑膜炎 *ligament n.韧带 *tendon n.肌腱 * pyogenic osteomyelitis 化脓性骨髓炎 *reduction n.复位 *bone traction 骨牵引 *osteoporosis n.骨质疏松 2、上肢骨折FRACTURE OF UPPER EXTREMITIES clavicle n.锁骨 *humerus n.肱骨 *rotation n.旋转 supracondyle n.髁上 blister n.水疱 pulsate n.搏动 thrombus n.血栓 *cancellous n.松质骨 *epiphysis n.骨骺 *injury n.损伤 *joint n.关节stability n.稳定 ulna n.尺骨 radius n.桡骨 metacarpal bone 掌骨 bone graft 植骨 hemostasis 止血 *periosteum n.骨膜 tension n.张力 adhesion n.粘连 *skin grafting 植皮 *arthrodesis n.关节融合 extrusion n.挤压 gangrene n.坏疽 pallor n.苍白、灰白 *amputation n.截肢 plaster n.石膏 paralysis n.瘫痪 bandage n.绷带 2、手外伤HAND TRAUMA avulsion n.撕脱 *dislocation n.脱位 stiff adj.僵硬 3、下肢骨折与关节损伤FRACTURE OF LOWER EXTREMITIES AND ARTICULAR INJURY femur n.股骨 adduction n.内收 separate v.分离 cartilage n.软骨 *synovialis n.滑膜 *spinal column 脊柱 5、脊柱及骨盆骨折FRACTURE OF VERTEBRAL COLUMN AND PELVIS column n.椎体 cervical column 颈椎 *lumber vertebra 腰椎 sacrum n.骶椎 sense n.感觉 movement n.运动 reflect v.反射 *pelvis n.骨盆 6、关节脱位ARTICULAR DISLOCATION congenital dislocation 先天性脱位 pathological dislocation 病理性脱位 *osteoarthritis n.骨关节炎 *total hip replacement 全髋置换术 7、运动系统慢性损伤CHRONIC STRAIN OF MOVEMENT SYSTEM strain n.劳损

常用医学英语单词

疾病Disease anemia, anaemia 贫血angina pectoris 心绞痛appendicitis 阑尾炎arthritis 关节炎bronchitis 支气管炎cancer 癌 catarrh 卡他, 粘膜炎 chicken pox, varicella 水痘 cholera 霍乱 cold 感冒, 伤风, 着凉(head) cold 患感冒diabetes 糖尿病 diphtheria 白喉 eczema 湿疹 epilepsy 癫痫erysipelas 丹毒 gangrene 坏疽 German measles, rubella 风疹 gout 痛风 headache 头痛 hemiplegy, hemiplegia 偏瘫, 半身不遂 icterus, jaundice 黄疸 indigestion 消化不良 influenza, flu 流感 insanity 精神病 leukemia 白血病 malaria 疟疾 malnutrition 营养不良 Malta fever 马耳他热, 波状热 measles 麻疹

migraine, splitting headache 偏头痛 miocardial infarction 心肌梗塞 mumps 流行性腮腺炎 neuralgia 神经痛 neurasthenia 神经衰弱 paralysis 麻痹 peritonitis 腹膜炎 pharyngitis 咽炎 phtisis 痨病, 肺结核 pneumonia 肺炎 poliomyelitis 脊髓灰质炎 rabies 狂犬病 rheumatism 风湿病 rickets, rachitis 佝偻病scabies, itch 疥疮 scarlet fever 猩红热sciatica 坐骨神经痛sclerosis 硬化 septicemia, septicaemia 败血病 sinusitis 窦炎 smallpox 天花 swamp fever 沼地热syncope 晕厥 syphilis 梅毒 tetanus 破伤风 thrombosis 血栓形成 torticollis, stiff neck 斜颈 tuberculosis 结核病tumour,tumor 瘤 typhus 斑疹伤寒

医学专业英语单词

Chaper 1 psychoanalysis n. 精神分析brain n. 脑 intestine n.肠inflammation n.炎症endoscope n.内镜pancreas n.胰腺psychology n.心理学electrocardiogram n.心电图enteritis n.肠炎tumor n.肿瘤 muscle n.肌肉organ n.器官 abdomen n.腹（部）organism n.有机体，生物体surgeon n.外科医生surgery n.外科（学）malignant a.恶性的immune n.免疫 tissue n.组织molecule n.分子，微小颗粒urine n.尿液stool n.大便，粪便vertebra n.椎骨formula n.处方 cortex n.皮质，皮层appendix n.阑尾 thorax n.胸larynx n. 喉 pharynx n.咽 Chapter 2 kidney n.肾脏receptor n.感受器，受体chromosome n.染色体embryo n.胚胎 gene n.基因catabolism n.分解代谢

anabolism n.合成代谢infection n.感染puncture n.穿刺fat n.脂肪 spine n.脊柱exocrine a.外分泌的cartilage n.软骨spleen n.脾脏gallbladder n.胆囊digestive system 消化系统urinary a.泌尿的respiratory a.呼吸的uterus n.子宫skull n.头颅，头骨pelvic cavity 盆腔trachea n.气管esophagus n.食管bronchial tube 支气管aorta n.主动脉diaphragm n.横膈膜pleura（复，pleurae）n.胸膜urinary bladder 膀胱rectum n.直肠cartilage n.软骨umbilicus n.脐ovary n.卵巢 inferior a.下面的superior a.上面的skeletal muscle 骨骼肌striated muscle 横纹肌 Chapter 3 capillary n.毛细血管artery n.动脉chamber n.腔，小室atrium n.心房ventricle n.室，脑室，心室valve n.瓣膜 mitral a.僧帽状的，二尖瓣的breastbone n.胸骨

医学英语词汇

第一章医学英语词汇医学领域涉及的科学和专业广泛，不仅包括基础医学和临床医学的诸多学科，还涉及化学和物理两大基础学科领域，甚至社会科学领域中的诸多学科和专业。因此，医学英语词汇数量庞大，其词汇量高达数十万。同时，由于医学专业的历史渊源，医学英语词汇大多含有希腊语和拉丁语成分，一些医学英语单词显得古怪而陌生，单词结构长而复杂。但就其构词法上基本遵循普通英语单词的构词规律，也往往由前缀、词根、后缀组成，虽然具有其自身的特点，也是可以找到规律的。因此，医学英语词汇构词法，理解与掌握单词尤其是组合词构成的基本知识，牢记必要的基本词素，就能找到掌握医学英语词汇的捷径。第一节医学英语词汇的结构一、医学词素一般认为，词是语言中可独立使用表达意思的最小单位。但是，从结构方面来看时，词并不是最小的语言单位，许多单词可以细分为更小的，同时也是具有意义的单位.这些最小的有意义的单位就是词素。医学词素（morpheme）是医学语词的组成部分，是医学英语中语音和语义的最小结合体。一个医学语词可以由一个词素构成，也可以由两个或两个以上的词素构成。从语义方面来看，医学词素有两种类型。一种医学词素含有明确的词汇意义，表达单词的主要意义，这类词素称为词根。例如，orth(o)－（正常的）、plasma（血浆）、reticul(o)-（网状）等。其中，plasma可以单独使用，这类词根称为自由词根。另外两个不能单独使用，是黏着词根，这类词根必须与其他词素结合使用。还有一类医学词素是词缀。词缀也有两种，一种屈折词缀只有语法意义而没有词汇的意义（如表示名词复数-s）；另一咱派生词缀有一定的词汇意义，但只表达单词的次要意义。二、医学词根医学词根（root）是医学语词的基本形式，承载着医学语词的核心意义。一般认为，词根是同根词共有的、可以辨认的部分，也就是说，词根可以在不同的单词里出现，但它的基本形式和含义相同。例如，erythroblast（成红细胞）、erythrocatalysis（红细胞溶解）、erythroclasis（红细胞破碎）和erythrocytopenia（红细胞减少）都有一个共同的词根“erythr(o)-”（红的）。这一词根在不同的语词里出现，但形式没有什么变化，含义也相同。

医学专业英语教学内容

cardiovascular diseases; 脑垂体的功能the function of pituitary; 泌尿道urinary tract; 分子molecule; 动脉artery; 内分泌学endocrinology; 呼吸困难dyspnea; 唾液saliva; 组织学histology; 血液循环blood circulation; 血液学hematology; 生理学physiology; 解剖学anatomy; 女性生殖系统femal reproductive system; 神经细胞nerve cell; 免疫学immunology; 消化不良dyspepsia; 随意肌voluntary muscle; 胚胎学embryology; 心理学psychology; 细胞学cytology; 原生质protoplasm; 细胞膜cell membrane; 细胞核nucleus; 细胞质(浆)cytoplasm; 脱氧核糖核酸deoxyribonucleic acid; 能半渗透的semipermeable; 分子生物学molecular biology; 碳水化合物carbohydrate; 有区别性的differentially; 使…完整intact; 根据according to; 遗传特性hereditary trait; 渗滤diffusion; 转换transaction; 蓝图blueprint; 染色体chromosome; 色素pigment; 排出废液excrete waste fluid; 散开disperse; 脉冲信号impulse; 核糖核酸ribonucleic acid; 损害正常功能impair the normal function; 污染环境pollute environment; 功能失调malfunction; 致病因子causative agents; 易受侵害的人群vulnerable groups; 局部化的感染localized infection; 花柳病venereal disease; 抗原与抗体antigen&antibody; 肌电图electromyogram; 多发性硬化multiple sclerosis; 心电图electrocardiograph; 疾病的后遗症sequelea of disease; 光纤技术fiber optic technology; 造血系统hematopoietic system; 致命的疾病fatal disease; 体液body fluid; 无副作用的治疗hazard-free treatment; 无侵犯的实验检查non-invasive laboratory test; 核磁共振nuclear magnetic resonance; 葡萄糖耐糖实验the glucose-tolerance test; 乐观的预后optimistic prognosis; 超声波检测法ultrasonography; 病史medical history; 随访活动follow-up visit; 营养不良nutritional deficiency; 使细节显著highlight detail; 脑电图electroencephalogram; 缺血的组织blood-starved tissue; 肌纤维muscle fiber; 随意肌voluntary muscle; 消化道alimentary canal; 肌腹fleshy belly of muscle; 横纹肌striated muscle; 肌肉痉挛cramps of muscle; 肌肉收缩muscle contraction; 肌肉附着点attachment of the muscle; 肌肉放松relaxation of muscle; 动脉出血arterial hemorrhage; 止端insertion;起端origion;供血blood supply; 屈肌flexor; 蛋白分子protein molecule; 纤维结缔组织fibrous connective tissue; 伸肌extensor; 意志力willpower; 横切面transverse section; 起搏器pacemaker; 肌萎缩muscle atrophy; 重症肌无力myasthenia gravis; 弥散性局部缺血diffuse ischemia; 常染色体隐性autosomal recessive; 全身性感染systemic infection; 受累的肌肉muscle involved; 显著相关性significant correlation; 神经末梢nerve terminal; 自体免疫反应autoimmune reaction; 神经支配innervation; 肌营养不良muscular dystrophy; 慢性营养不良chronic mulnutrition; 先天性肌病congenital myopathy; 预期寿命life expectancy; 免疫紊乱immunologic derangemant; 发病高峰年龄the peak age of onset; 胸腺肿瘤thymoma; 呼吸肌受累the involvement of respiratory muscle; 感染性肌炎inflammatory myositic; 去神经支配denervation; 矿物质吸收mineral absorption; 机械应力mechanical stress; 骨基质有机部分the organic parts of bone matrix; 青春期早熟premature puberty; 蛋白溶解酶protein-digesting enzyme; 破骨细胞osteoclast; 松质骨spongy bone; 骨折fracture; 不规则骨irregular bone;

医学英语常用词汇

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