分词作表语、定语、状语一、现在分词和过去分词的区别
more beautiful.
二、分词的用法
1分词作表语
1）跟在系动词之后分词作表语，一般跟在be, get, become, look, sound, feel, keep,remain, grow, seem, appear 等系动词后面。
现在分词作表语：一般表主动或主语的性质和特征。含有“令人??”的意思。主语多数情况下是物。
过去分词作表语：一般表被动或主语所处的状态。含有“感到??”的意思。主语多数情况下是人。
而作表语用的分词，许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的。常见的原以下：
现在分词：moving, interesting, encouraging, exciting,inspiring, boring,surprising, puzzling, amusing, astonishing,missing, promissing
过去分词：interested, moved, discouraged, amused, astonished, frighten, excited, inspired, pleased, satisfied, tired, worried, completed, delighted, hurt, married, crowded。
The news sounds encouraging.这个消息听起来令人鼓舞。
How did the audience receive the new play?观众对这个新剧反映如何？
They got very excited.他们非常激动。
How did Bob do in the exams this time?这次鲍伯考得怎么样？
Well, his father seems pleased with his results.不错，他父亲似乎对于他的成绩感到高兴。
2）作表语的过去分词与被动语态中的过去分词的区别。这两种不同语法功能的句子在形式上是一样的，都是由“系动词be+过去分词”构成的，有时容易混淆。区别如下：
a．被动语态表示主语的动作。而作表语的分词表示主语所外的状态。
The blackboard was broken (has been broken) by LiMing.（被动语态，表示动作）这块黑板是李明打碎的。
The blackboard is broken.（系表结构，表示主语the blackboard 所处的状态broken）这块黑板碎了。
b．从时态上来区分
系表结构：只用于一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时和过去完成时。
被动语态：除了不能用于完成进行时和将来进行时外，可用于其它时态。（详见第2 章被动语态）
c．从时态的一致性来区分
被动语态的时态要与相应的主动语态一致。系表结构不需要一致。
The blackboard, was broken by Li Ming.（被动语态）
Li Ming broke the blackboard.（主动语态）
The blackboard is broken.（系表结构）
（表示状态则可用现在时，表示目前的状态，不必考虑其时态要与相应的主动语态一致。我们可理解为这块黑板以前（或已经）被李明打碎，现在它是碎的。
不是所有动词的过去分词都可以作表语，表示主语所处的状态的，只有那些形容词特征显著的过去分词才能作表语。常见的有：
amused 觉得有趣injured 受伤的
covered 盖着的known 有名的
dressed 穿着lost 失去的
broken 破的gone
burnt 燃烧delighted
shut 关着的excited 兴奋的
painted pleased
crowded 拥挤的satisfied 满足的
wounded 受伤的married 已结婚
drunk worried 担心
billed surprised 惊讶
finished 完成的interested 有趣的
请记住这一句话！
Keep your eyes open, keep your mouth closed.多观察（用眼），少说话（用嘴）。
注意：
有相应的形容词能说明状态时，则有用分词，而用形容词。
The window is open. The door is locked.(0)窗户是开着的，门是锁着的。
The window is opened. The door is locked(×)
（open 可兼作动词与形容词，都当开、开着的讲，所以只能用它的形容词，而不能用它的分词。而锁着的lock 不能作形容词，所以只能用它的过去分词）
d．be+不及物动词的过去分词，一般是系表结构，而不是被动语态。
常用来作表语的不及物动词有：
gone 过去了、消失了come 来了；fallen 落下的known 著名的；arrived 到了educated 受过教育；risen 升起来了learned 有学问的；returned 回来了excited 兴奋；retired 退休了astonished 感到吃惊；mistaken 误解、弄错interested 有兴趣；
My watch is gone.我的手表没有了。
It’s not my fault.You are mistaken.这不是我的过错，你误会了。
3）作表语的现在分词和进行时态的现在分词的区别
作表语的现在分词表示主语的特征和性质。进行时态中的分词表示主语正在进行的动作。
比较
The situation in our country is encouraging.（系表结构）我国的形势鼓舞人心。
The situation in our country is encouraging the people.（现在进行时）我国的形势正鼓舞着人民。
另外，在分词作表语的结构中，可以用其它系动词来代替be，但在进行结构中，则不可以。因为进行的句型必须是be+doing。
The news is surprising.这个消息很惊人。
=The news sounds surprising.这个消息听起来挺惊人的。
4）分词、动名词和不定式作表语时的区别
分词作表语：主要是表示主语的特点和所处的状态。主语和表语的位置不可以互换。
动名词和不定式作表语：主要是表示主语的具体内容。主语和表语的位置常常可以互换。比较:
The film is disappointing.这部电影真令人失望。
（现在分词作表语，表示主语the film 的性质、特点，不能和主语互换。）
We are disappointed with the film.我们对这个电影感到失望。
（过去分词作表语，表示主语we 所处的状态，表语不能和主语互换。）
My job is teaching English.我的工作是教英语。
=Teaching English is my job.教英语是我的工作
（动名词作表语，表示主语的内容“我的工作是什么”，表语和主语位置可以互换。）
Our aim is to enter the Universities.我们的目标是考上大学
=To enter the Universities is our aim.考上大学是我们的目标。
（不定式作表语，表示主语的内容：“我们的目标是什么？”，表语和主语位置可以互换。）
surprised girls 惊人的姑娘们
b．如果分词修饰由some/any/no+thing/body/one 所形成的不定代词或指示代词those 时，分词在这些被修饰的词的后面。
Anyone swimming will be punished.正在游泳的任何人都将受到惩罚。
c．分词短语作定语时，在被修饰的名词之后。
I have a radio made in China.我有一台中国生产的收音机。
The girl dressed in white is Mary.穿白衣服的小姑娘是玛丽。
2．分词短语作定语时与谓语动词的时间关系
分词短语作定语时，要注意分词所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作之间的时间关系。
分词作定语时，现在分词有进行意味和主动意味，过去分词有完成意味和被动意味。因此，一般来讲，用现在分词时，要符合以下两个条件之一：
a．分词所表示的动作与谓语所表示的动作同时发生。
The road joining the two villages is very wide.
=The road that joins the two villages is very wide.连接这两个村子的路非常宽。
They lived in a room facing the north thirty years ago.
=They lived in a room which faced the north thirty years ago.三十年前，他们住在朝北的房间里。
b．分词所表示的是现在正发生的动作。
The man running over there is our chairman.
=The man who is running over there is our chairman.正在朝那边跑的那个人是主席。
I know the young man sleeping on the bench.
=I know the young man who is sleeping no the bench.我认识正在长凳上睡觉的那位年轻人。
如果分词需要表示动作是主动的，而又在谓语动作之前发生，则要用定语从句表示，在谓语动作之后发生则要用不定式或从句表示。
The man who came yesterday comes again.
The man coming yesterday comes again.(×)昨天来过的那个人又来了。
（在谓语动词comes 之前发生）
The students to attend the meeting (who will attend themeeting )will arrive heretomorrow.
要参加会议的学生们明天到达这里。
（动作在谓语动词will arrive 之后发生）
3．何时用现在分词的被动语态形式
a．如果一个及物动词作定语，既要表达进行意味，又要表达被动意味时，用此形式。The question being discussed is very important.
=The question that is being discussed is very important.
正在（被）讨论问题十分重要。
The skyscraper being built is still higher than that built theyear before last.
=The skyscraper that is being built is still higher thanthat(one) that was built the year before last. 正在建造的那幢摩天大楼比前年造的那幢还要高。
Do you know the boy being punished by our teacher?
=Do you know the boy who is being punished by ourteacher?
你认识正在被我们老师处罚的那个男孩吗？
b．如果指的是将来的动作就要用不定式的被动形式（或定语从句）来表示。
You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7∶30pm,Dec.25.
欢迎您参加12 月25 日晚上7∶30 在我班如开的晚会。
Those who have handed in their compositions may go home.定语从句
Those having handed in their compositions may go home.(×)谁交了作文就可以回家了。注意
完成形式一般不用于作定语。
4．何时用过去分词作定语？
因为过去分词只有一种形式，而它又包含完成和被动意味。因此要符合下列条件：a．过去分词表示的动作是在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生。
This is a picture painted by my father.
=This is a picture that was painted by my father.
这是一张我父亲画的画。（分词painted 所表示的动作发生在谓语动词is 之前）The letter mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.
=The letter that was mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.
昨日寄出那封信，明天将会寄达他手中。
b．分词表示的动作是没有一定时间性的。
Goods imported from abroad are not always better thanthose madein China.
进口的高品并不一定比国产的好。
Is it a letter written in pencil?
这是用铅笔定的信吗？
注意
分词短语作定语时，和定语从句一样，也有限定性和非限定性两种。
限定性分词短语前后没有逗号，非限定性分词短语有逗号，有时两种形式句子有很大的区别。His brother working as a teacher lives in Tianjing.
=His brother who works as a teacher lives in Tianjing.
他当老师的哥哥住在天津。（他有不止一个兄弟）
His brother, working as a teacher, lives in Tian jing.
他的哥哥是个老师，住在天津。（他只有一个哥哥）
5．分词、动名词、不定式作定语时的区别
1.我有一块中国制造的手表。（分别用分词与定语从句造句） I have a watch made in China. I have a watch which was made in China. 2.我正在读一本莫言著的书。（分别用分词与定语从句造句） I was reading a book written by Moyan. I was reading a book which was written by Moyan. 3.中国已经制造出使用磁悬浮技术的高速列车。（分别用分词与定语从句造句）China has made a high-speed train using magnetic levitation. China has made a high-speed train which uses magnetic levitation. 4.这是一种生活在海洋里的昆虫。（分别用分词与定语从句造句） This is an insect living in the ocean. This is an insect which lives in the ocean. 5.从山上看，我们能看到青岛漂亮的风景。（现在分词作状语）
Seeing from the mountain, we can see the beautiful scenery in Qingdao. 6.孩子们高兴地笑着说着，跑出教室。（现在分词作状语） The children ran out of the room, laughing and talking merrily. 7.从浮山上看，青岛很漂亮。（过在分词作状语） Seen from the Mount Fu, Qingdao is very beautiful. 8.由于写的匆忙，这篇文章并不是很好。（过在分词作状语） Written in a hurry, the article was not so good.
II 现在分词作定语或状语 1. The ______ boy was last seen ______ near the bank of the lake. A.missing; playing B. missing; play C. missed; played D. missed; to play 2. Mr Smith, ______ of the ______ speech, started to read a novel. A.tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring 3. Don’t leave the water _______ while you brush your teeth. A. run B. running C. being run D. to run 4. John’s bad habit is ______ without thorough understanding. A. read B. being read C. to be read D. reading 5. Tell Mary that there’s someone ______ for her at the door. A. waiting B. waited C. waits D. to wait 6. The ______ waiter came up to us and said, “You are welcome.” A. smiling B. smiled C. smile D. to smile 7. Do you know the boy______ under the big tree? A. lay B. lain C. laying D. lying 8. I can hardly imagine Peter _______ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days. A. sail B. to sail C. sailing D. to have sailed 9. There are lots of places of interest _______ in our city. A. needs repairing B. needing repaired C. needed repairing D. needing to be repaired 10. The drunken husband knocked against the table and sent the bowls _______ in all directions before he was sent _______ by his wife. A. flying; to sleep B. flying; sleeping C. to fly; to sleeping D. to fly; to sleep 11. When we got back from the cinema, we found the lamp _______ but the door _______. A. being on; shut B. burning; shutting C. burning; shut D. on; shutting 12. When we got back from the cinema, we found the lamp _______ but the door _______. A. being on; shut B. burning; shutting C. burning; shut D. on; shutting 13. The woman found it no good ______ her daughter too much money. A. giving B. being given C. given D. gave 14. As the stone was too heavy to move, I left it ______ on the ground. A. laying B. lay C. lying D. lain 15. As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not ______, and asked myself what I was going to do. (湖南07) A. moved B. moving C. to move D. being moved 16. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, ______ in the natural light during the day. (天津2007) A. to let B. letting C. let D. having let 17. ______that she didn’t do a good job, I don’t think I am abler than her. (陕西2007) A. To have said B. Having said C. To say D. Saying 18 Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always ______ the same thing. (江苏2006) A. saying B. said C. to say D. having said 19. Don’t sit there ______ nothing. Come and help me with this table. (湖北2006) A. do B. to do C. doing D. and doing 20. When ______ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.(浙江2006) A. compared B. being compared C. comparing D. having compared 21. While watching television, ______. (2005全国卷III) A. the doorbell rang B. the doorbell rings C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings 22. ______ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.(北京2004) A. To wait B. Have waited C. Having waited D. To have waited
teaching design （课堂设计） 陈建军 教材分析( the analysis of teaching materia)l This teaching period mainly deals with the grammar: The Past Participle as the Adverbial and Attribute. And let students to do some exercises to consolidate it. 2. 学情分析( the analysis of the studen)ts Students often feel this item abstract and difficult, so it is necessaryto make the lesson interesting and connect with it with their daily life in order to let it easy to accept and understand. 3. 教学目标(Teaching aims) 知识目标(Knowledge aims) Enable students to learn how to use the past participle as the adverbial and attribute correctly. 能力目标(Ability aims) Enable students to use the past participle as the adverbial and attribute correctly and properly according to the context. 情感目标( Emotional aims) a. Get students to become interested in the grammar learning. b. Develop students'sense of group cooperation. 4. 教学重点和难点( teaching important points and difficult point)s a. Get students to learn and consolidate how to use the past participle as the adverbial and attribute correctly. 5. 教学过程(Teaching procedures) Step1.Greetings Step2 .Check&Revision Step3.Presentation 1. 过去分词作状语时，其前面可以带有相应的连词，如when, though, although, as if, if 等， 表时间，让步，条件等。 If invited, I will attend the wedding of my friend. 2. 过去分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。 If caught, the thief will be punished by the police. 3. 过去分词短语与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即被动关系。 Asked why he was late, he cried. 4. 有些过去分词已形容词化，作状语时表示人得状态。常见的有satisfied, interested, moved 等。 Disappointed at the examination results, the girl stood there without saying a word. Step 4 summing 巧学助记：分词作状语，主语是问题 逗号前后两动作，共用一主语主语找出后，再来判关系主动用ing, 被动用ed Having done 表先后，千万要牢记
过去分词专题练习 I ?分析下列划线部分的用法(过去分词做定语，表语以及被动) 1. The excited childre n are ope ning their Christmas prese nts. 2. This supermarketis now closed 3. The blackboardwas broken by Tom. 4. She had aworried look on her face because she failed the exam. 5. He looked in terested in the idea I put forward. 6. The mach in eproduced last yea(二 which were produced last year) are very expe nsive. n . Fill the form with proper form.适当形式填空 1. The ani mal and pla nts that they found there were _________ (ast oni sh) 2. I was _________ (ast oni sh) to lear n that his long lost child had bee n found. 3. The __________ n ews made us ___________ .(disappoi nt) 4. The __________ mother went to visit Ein stei n. (puzzle) 5. Madame Curie foundhusband' d s ath ___________ .(shock) 6. I saw the boy very ___________ (excite) 7. _______ (en courage), the girl was determ ined to study harder and make greater progress. 8. Be brave. You look like a _________ bird (frighten)(惊弓之鸟) 9. The fierce lion looks _________ (frighte n). Keep away from its cage or it will attack you. 10. The look on her face was very __________ (con fuse). 川.Fill the form with V-ed 1. The book __________________ 一本农民写的书)is very popular. 2. The building ___________ 去年建的楼房)now collapsed in the Wenchuan earthquake. 3. The problem __________________ 在昨天会议上讨论的)was very difficult to solve. 4. The window ________________________ 被那个顽皮男孩打破的)is being repaired 5. The children ______________________ 昨天在医院检查的)were seriously ill. 6. The people ________________ 暴露在阳光下的)got sun bur nt. 7. The boy _________________________ 受至U老师严厉惩罚的)is now a college student. 8. The water _________________________ 送到他家的水)carried disease. 9. The English today is quite different from the English _____________ (300年前所说的). 10. Most of the artists ________________ 被邀请去参加聚会的)were from South Africa. 11. The students _________________ 受到老师鼓舞的)worked harder than ever before. IV .基础单选题 1. Mary is a new nurse and her job is to take care of the _______ s oldiers. A. wound B. woun ded C. wounding D. being woun ded 2. Lily seems very much ________ in the magazine, but I think it 'tc s expensive. A. i nterested B. i nteresti ng C. to in terest D. to be in terest ing 3. All the passe ngers should remain ______ whe n the pla ne is maki ng a landing.
过去分词作定语，表语专题练习 Ⅰ.分析下列划线部分在句中做什么成分（过去分词做定语，表语还是表示被动？） 1. The excited children are opening their Christmas presents. 2. This supermarket is now closed. 3. The blackboard was broken by Tom. 4. She had a worried look on her face because she failed the exam. 5. He looked interested in the idea I put forward. 6. The machine produced last year(= which were produced last year) are very expensive. Ⅱ. Fill the form with proper form.适当形式填空 1. The animal and plants that they found there were ___________ (astonish) 2. I was___________(astonish) to learn that his long lost child had been found. 3. The ___________ news made us ___________.(disappoint) 4. The ___________ mother went to visit Einstein. (puzzle) 5. Madame Curie found husband’s death ___________ .(shock) 6. I saw the boy very ___________ (excite) 7. _________(encourage), the girl was determined to study harder and make greater progress. 8. Be brave. You look like a___________ bird (frighten)（惊弓之鸟） 9. The fierce lion looks __________(frighten). Keep away from its cage or it will attack you. 10. The look on her face was very ___________ (confuse) . Ⅲ. Fill the form with V-ed 1. The book ___________________ (一本农民写的书) is very popular. 2. The building _____________(去年建的楼房) now collapsed in the Wenchuan earthquake. 3. The problem ____________________(在昨天会议上讨论的) was very difficult to solve. 4. The window _________________________(被那个顽皮男孩打破的) is being repaired 5. The children ________________________(昨天在医院检查的) were seriously ill. 6. The people _________________(暴露在阳光下的) got sunburnt. 7. The boy __________________________(受到老师严厉惩罚的) is now a college student. 8. The water ___________________________(送到他家的水) carried disease. 9. The English today is quite different from the English ______________(300年前所说的). 10. Most of the artists_________________ (被邀请去参加聚会的) were from South Africa. 11. The students ___________________(受到老师鼓舞的)worked harder than ever before. Ⅳ. 基础单选题 1. Mary is a new nurse and her job is to take care of the _______soldiers. A. wound B. wounded C. wounding D. being wounded 2. Lily seems very much___________ in the magazine, but I think it’s too expensive. A. interested B. interesting C. to interest D. to be interesting 3. All the passengers should remain___________ when the plane is making a landing. A. seat B. seating C. to be seating D. seated 4. After her journey from Australia, Sophie Armstrong returned home, ___________ A. being exhausted B. exhausting C. exhausted D. having exhausted 5._____ their new album on time, the two famous singers worked far into the night every day. A. Release B. Released C. To release D. Having released 6. The meeting________ next Thursday mainly aims to deal with the problems related to teena
概念引入 在前两个单元我们已经学过过去分词作定语和表语，及过去分词作宾语补足语，在本单元中我们先复习一下过去分词作定语，然后学习过去分词作状语。 看下面句子： 1. Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days. 2. Well-known for their expertise, his parents’ company, called “Future Tours”, transported me safely into the future in a time capsule. 3. Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached. 4. Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. 5. Described as an enormous round plate, it spins slowly in space to imitate the pull of the earth’s gravity. 这些句子中斜体词部分都是过去分词，在句中作状语。那么过去分词作状语，有什么需要注意呢？ ?过去分词作定语 ?过去分词作状语----入门篇 ?过去分词作状语----用法小结篇 ?分词作状语的区别 ?作插入语的分词 用法讲解 过去分词作定语 在第一单元，我们已经学过了过去分词作定语的用法，这里做一简单复习。 1. 过去分词作定语与定语从句： 过去分词作定语，具有形容词或副词的作用，该分词及其修饰成分相当于定语从句。如果把分词短语转变成定语从句时，这个定语从句应具备两个特征： 1）从句的主语和所修饰的先行词一致；如2）的例句1中定语从句的主语就是所修饰词a teacher。 2）从句的谓语动词为被动语态形式。
巩固练习 Ⅰ. 用分词的正确形式填空： 1. He saw his friend ______ (go) out with Sue. 2. The bus crashed into the blue car ______ (drive) down the hill. 3. Peter hurt his leg ______ (do) karate. 4. The umbrella ______ (find) at the bus stop belongs to John Smith. 5. The people ______ (dance) in the street are all very friendly. 6. I heard my mother _____ (talk) on the phone. 7. My uncle always has his car ____ (wash). 8. We stood _____ (wait) for the taxi. 9. _____ (look) down from the tower, we saw many people walking in the streets. 10. The people drove off in a _____ (steal) car. Ⅱ. 用非谓语动词把下面复合句改成简单句。 1. I was glad when I heard the news. ____________________________________________________ 2. My idea is that we should go there on our bikes. ____________________________________________________ 3. I saw a child who was wearing very thick glasses. ____________________________________________________ 4. As I hadn't received an answer from him, I wrote again. ____________________________________________________ 5. Since this book is written in easy English, it will be useful to beginners. ____________________________________________________ 6. If weather permits, we are going to work outside. ____________________________________________________ 7. He rushed into the room and his face was covered with sweat. ____________________________________________________ 8. Because he was caught in a heavy rain，he was all wet. ____________________________________________________ 9.If these seeds are grown in rich soil，these seeds can grow fast. ____________________________________________________ 10. The concert which was given by their friends was a success. ____________________________________________________ Ⅲ. 单项选择。 1. ____ an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to bee famous. A. Offer B. Offering C. Offered D. To offer 2. Tsinghua University, _______ in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures. A. found B. founding C. founded D. to be founded 3. Ideally _____ for Broadway theatres and Fifth Avenue, the New York Park hotel is a favorite with many guests.
概念引入 今天我们要学习过去分词作表语和定语的用法。先看下面这些句子： 1. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. (inspired过去分词作表语；exposed过去分词作定语) 2. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. (terrified过去分词作定语) 3. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people. (interested 过去分词作表语) 4. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died. (affected过去分词作定语) 5. He was determined to find out why. （determined过去分词作表语） 6. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. (polluted过去分词作定语) 上面句子中的黑体词都是过去分词，句1（inspired）、句3、句5中的三个词跟在系动词became、was后作表语；而句1（exposed）、句2、句4、句6中的四个词放在名词前或后修饰名词，作定语。那么过去分词是什么？有什么作用？我们将在本单元和下两个单元中与同学们一起学习。 用法讲解 过去分词的作用 英语中动词如果不作谓语时叫非谓语动词。非谓语动词分为：不定式（to do）、动词-ing形式（doing）和过去分词（done）。 动词-ing形式可分为现在分词和动名词：现在分词强调动作，如a sleeping boy中的sleeping强调“睡觉”这一动作，而且此动作正在进行，与所修饰词boy有逻辑上的主谓关系（即sleeping的动作是boy做的），因此是现在分词作定语；而a sleeping bag中的sleeping强调功能，表示“用来睡觉的”，是动名词作定语。 过去分词多表示动作的被动和完成，但要注意不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作，而不表示“被 动”意义。 本单元主要学习过去分词作表语和定语。 1. 与助动词一起构成谓语：
teaching design（课堂设计） ----------陈建军 教材分析（the analysis of teaching material） This teaching period mainly deals with the grammar: The Past Participle as the Adverbial and Attribute. And let students to do some exercises to consolidate it. 2.学情分析（the analysis of the students） Students often feel this item abstract and difficult, so it is necessary to make the lesson interesting and connect with it with their daily life in order to let it easy to accept and understand. 3.教学目标(Teaching aims) 知识目标(Knowledge aims) Enable students to learn how to use the past participle as the adverbial and attribute correctly. 能力目标(Ability aims) Enable students to use the past participle as the adverbial and attribute correctly and properly according to the context. 情感目标( Emotional aims) a. Get students to become interested in the grammar learning. b. Develop students’ sense of group cooperation. 4.教学重点和难点（teaching important points and difficult points） a. Get students to learn and consolidate how to use the past participle as the adverbial and attribute correctly. 5.教学过程(Teaching procedures) Step1.Greetings Step2 .Check&Revision Step3.Presentation 1.过去分词作状语时，其前面可以带有相应的连词，如when, though, although, as if, if 等， 表时间，让步，条件等。 If invited, I will attend the wedding of my friend. 2.过去分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。 If caught, the thief will be punished by the police. 3.过去分词短语与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即被动关系。 Asked why he was late, he cried. 4.有些过去分词已形容词化，作状语时表示人得状态。常见的有satisfied, interested, moved 等。 Disappointed at the examination results, the girl stood there without saying a word. Step 4 summing 巧学助记：分词作状语，主语是问题 逗号前后两动作，共用一主语 主语找出后，再来判关系 主动用ing,被动用ed Having done 表先后，千万要牢记
现在分词(V-ing)作定语和状语 课前预习案 学习建议：根据所列例句，理解并尝试总结现在分词在句子中的用法。 动词--ing形式作定语和状语 I.ing 形式作定语 1. 现在分词作前置定语时，在逻辑上与所修饰的名词之间为主谓关系，也可改成定语从句；如果与所修饰的名词之间没有主谓关系，定语相当于一个介词for 引导的短语。现在分词位于所修饰的名词之后做后置定语，与所修饰的名词之间呈逻辑上的主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句。如：a listening child= a child who is listening, a walking stick= a stick for walking. 2. 现在分词作定语往往表示“令人……”，主动的或正在进行的动作。如：a moving film, a developing country. II. ing 形式作状语 动词-ing形式在句子中做状语，表示的动作是主语动作的一部分，与谓语动词表示的动作或状态是同时或者几乎同时发生的，经常可以做时间、原因、方式、条件、结果、目的、让步状语从句。句子的主语必须是状语的逻辑主语；而且主语与作状语的分词之间呈逻辑上的主谓关系。 1.原因状语，相当于原因状语从句。 1).Being ill, she didn’t go to school today. 因为生病，她今天没上学去。 2). Seeing no one at home, I decided to come again. 看见没有人在家，我决定再来一趟。 2. 时间状语，相当于when, while等引导的从句。 1).Hearing the good news, he jumped with joy. 当听到这个好消息时，他高兴地跳了起来。 2).Walking in the street, I saw a friend of mine.
过去分词专题练习 Ⅰ.分析下列划线部分的用法（过去分词做定语，表语以及被动） 1. The excited children are opening their Christmas presents. 2. This supermarket is now closed. 3. The blackboard was broken by Tom. 4. She had a worried look on her face because she failed the exam. 5. He looked interested in the idea I put forward. 6. The machine produced last year(= which were produced last year) are very expensive. Ⅱ. Fill the form with proper form.适当形式填空 1. The animal and plants that they found there were ___________ (astonish) 2. I was___________(astonish) to learn that his long lost child had been found. 3. The ___________ news made us ___________.(disappoint) 4. The ___________ mother went to visit Einstein. (puzzle) 5. Madame Curie found husband’s death ___________ .(shock) 6. I saw the boy very ___________ (excite) 7. _________(encourage), the girl was determined to study harder and make greater progress. 8. Be brave. You look like a___________ bird (frighten)（惊弓之鸟） 9. The fierce lion looks __________(frighten). Keep away from its cage or it will attack you. 10. The look on her face was very ___________ (confuse) . Ⅲ. Fill the form with V-ed 1. The book ___________________ (一本农民写的书) is very popular. 2. The building _____________(去年建的楼房) now collapsed in the Wenchuan earthquake. 3. The problem ____________________(在昨天会议上讨论的) was very difficult to solve. 4. The window _________________________(被那个顽皮男孩打破的) is being repaired 5. The children ________________________(昨天在医院检查的) were seriously ill. 6. The people _________________(暴露在阳光下的) got sunburnt. 7. The boy __________________________(受到老师严厉惩罚的) is now a college student. 8. The water ___________________________(送到他家的水) carried disease. 9. The English today is quite different from the English ______________(300年前所说的). 10. Most of the artists_________________ (被邀请去参加聚会的) were from South Africa. 11. The students ___________________(受到老师鼓舞的)worked harder than ever before. Ⅳ. 基础单选题 1. Mary is a new nurse and her job is to take care of the _______soldiers. A. wound B. wounded C. wounding D. being wounded 2. Lily seems very much___________ in the magazine, but I think it’s too expensive. A. interested B. interesting C. to interest D. to be interesting 3. All the passengers should remain___________ when the plane is making a landing. A. seat B. seating C. to be seating D. seated 4. After her journey from Australia, Sophie Armstrong returned home, ___________ A. being exhausted B. exhausting C. exhausted D. having exhausted