考研英语词汇（必考词+基础词+超纲词）
练习题及答案详解
基础词
第四节
（Unit 22——Unit 30；第330页——394页）
练习一：词汇与搭配
1．He broke in _ the conversation without waiting for me to stop talking.
Difficultie _ the best qualities of the young 2．s and hardships have brought
geologist.
3．The government decided to draw _its gold reserves to get over the financial crisis.
4．Attendance at football matches have dropped since the coming of television.
5．The long‐awaited Hubble Space Telescope, due orbit the Earth next March, will observe some of the ol dest stars in the sky.
6．She was so touched by his generosity that for a moment she was a loss for words.
It wasn’t so muc _that I just wasn’t interested in the 7．h that I disliked her
whole business.
8the translation of a French novel.
．Mary is occupied _
9tea and cakes.
．We discussed the matter _
1purpose.
0．I came here for nothing else but to see you _
11．Steadily rising prices press most heavily the poor and the old people with fixed incomes.
The Russians sent
12． up the first sputnik and caught the other nuclear powers surprise.
13．His l etter indicated that he loved his daughter and felt proud _her and her success.
14．Your improper words will give rise doubts concerning your true intentions.
1of sugar. Ask Mrs. Jones to lend us some.
5．We’ve run _
1having asked such a silly question.
6．He was ashamed _
17．Women have significant advantages over men in space because they need less food and less oxygen and they stand up _radiation better.
18．The future of this company is _ stake: many of its talented employees are flowing into more profitable net‐based businesses.
19．He was determined to stick _ the job until the new cutter worked properly.
20．We have lunch the stroke of twelve every day.
21．She had not once been away from the place for more than thirty hours _
a stretch.
They, the former opponents, were si
22．tting talking sid e by side. I thought my
e me.
yes were playing tricks
23．To finance the program they had to turn to the public the funds they needed.
24．Stressful environments lead to unhealthy behaviors such as poor eating habits, which _ turn increase the risk of heart disease.
5．His behavior finally provoked her __
2 leaving him.
26．A really powerful speaker can work __ the feelings of the audience to the fever of excitement.
练习二：词汇辨析
Police units were with newly recruited men and women.
1． __
[A]extended
[B]exaggerated
[C]magnified
[D]augmented
We shall p __ the exact nature of these sub‐atomic 2．robably never be able to
particles.
[A]assert
[B]impart
[C]ascerta
in
[D]notify
If I take this medici __ my cold.
3．ne twice a day, it should
[A]recover
[B]heal
[C]resto
re
[
D]cure
4．ket and emptied its
She opened the pac ___ into saucepan.
[A]contents
[B]content
[C]consent
[D]contend
5．The security guard _ two men who were yelling in the courtroom.
[A]expelled
[B]propelled
[C]repell ed
[
D]dispelled
6．Growing bodies need movement and _ , but not just in ways that emphasize comp
etition.
[A]care
[B]nutrition
[C]exercise
[D]leisure
7．If most bread winners a day’s pay to the Hope Project, then it will be hopeful.
[A]gift
[B]present
[C]dona
te
[
D]give
eciation of their 8．Giving a gift can convey a wealth of meaning about your appr
and the importance you place upon the relationship.
[A]solidarity
[B]priority
[C]superiority
[
D]hospitality
He glances hum of his spectacles. 9．orously at her from above the
[A]rim
[B]edge
[C]brim
D]border
[
n the United States not to look at someone who is talking to you. 10．I it is
[A]rough
[B]coarse
[C]rude
[
D]crude
11．The moon __around the earth.
[A]resolves
[B]revolves
[C]involves
D]rotates
[12．as sent to A police officer w __the crime.
[A]search
[B]explore
[C]survey
[D]investigate
练习三：英语知识运用
1．Families have also changes these years. More families consist of one‐parent working parents; consequently, children are likely to have less e than was common in the traditional family structure.
households or two at hom supervision [A]survived
[B]noticed
[C]undertaken
[D]experienced
2．The communications revolution has influenced both work and l eisure and how we th about place and time, but there have been think and feel bo views about its l, social and cultural implications.
economic, politica [A]competitive
sial
[B]controver [C]distracting
[D]irrational
3．Antarctic differs fundamentally from the Arctic regions. The Arctic is an ocean,_______with drifting packed ice and surrounded by the land masses of Europe, merica. The Antarctic is a continent nearly as large as Europe and d, Pacific, and Indian Oceans.
Asia, and North A combine Australia [A]covered
cted
[B]filled
[C]conne [D]lined
4．But if we are going to allow fast motor‐cycles and heavy diesel lorries to pass gh residential and business districts, the community must decide on to continuously throu needs the control it , for in the long run it has got to pay for it.
[A]practice
[B]exercise
C]obtain
] a [[D cquire
5．Growing bodies need movement and , but not just in ways that emphasize co
[A]care
n
[B]nutritio [C]exercise
[D]leisure
6．Americans today have different eating habits than in the past. They have a broader e of knowledg , so they buy more fresh fruit and vegetabl es than ever before. show the way people live determines the way they eat.
Statistics [A]food
[B]diet
C]nutrition
[[D]hygiene
7．By the most conclusive and satisfactory definition, reading is the ability to unlock the sound‐symbols code of the language, to interpret meaning for various , at and at various levels of difficulty, and to do so wid ely and ly.
various rates, al s
enthusiastic e s
[A] purpos [B] degree C]stages
[[D]steps
8．Although a natural alternative, such as honey, can be used to sweeten food if this is necessary, we can in fact do without it. Nowadays fibre is considered to be an art of a healthy diet. In white bread, for example, the fibre has been is important p removed. But it in unrefined flour and of course in vegetables.
[A]current
[B]substantia C]present
l
[[D]essential
9．In the 1920’s, but in the Depression conditions of the 1930’s, the United States experienced a declining birth rate—every thousand women aged fifteen to forty‐four gave birth to about 118 live children in1920，89.2 in 1930，75.8 in 1936, and 80 in 1940.
[A]extraordin y
ar [B]specially
C]especially
[[D]specifically
10．The goals of revolutionaries are commonly the overthrow of a government, basic change in the political and economic system, and more generally a basic change in the stratification system in the country. Because of the extent of change sought, revolutions are always accompanied by extensive violence. The are so high kill to prevent the revolution, and revolutionaries must be ready to goals.
that opponents will e their kill to achiev [A]stakes
rs
[B]dange C]odds
[[D]risks
11． Part of the problem is that many homeless adults are addicted to alcohol or drugs. And a significant number of the homeless have serious mental disorders. Many others, or mentally ill, simply lack the everyday life skills need to turn their while not addicted lives .
[A]around
r
[B]ove [C]on
[D]up
12．Though young people feel free to choose their friends from groups, most choose a mate of similar background. This is due in part to parental guidance. Parents ses for their children, but they can usually influence choices by l of someone they consider unsuitable.
cannot sel ect spou prova voicing disap [A]similar
ial
[B]identical
C]different D] diverse
[[13．They claim that our highly evolved brain provides us an innate(天生的) language ability not found in lower organisms. Proponents of this innateness theory tial for language is inborn, but that language itself develops gradually, e growth of the brain during childhood.
say that our poten n of th as a functio [A]for
inst
h
[B]aga C]wit D]of
[[
14．Men seem to have always taken an interest in meteorites, but not until the early nineteenth century since then these objects considered worth for scientific , people believed that because meteorites fell from the heavens, themselves or messengers from the gods.
study. In the beginning r gods ed
they were eithe [A]to be preserv [B]preserving
[C]to preserve
[D]being preserved
练习四：语法与词汇
1．u must be ready to take the_______.
If you refuse to do it, yo A.consequence
B.effect
e
C.outcom .result
D 2．We cannot hope to solve the problems of industrial life, many of which arise directly from the frustrations created by inequality at work, _______we tackle it head‐on.
A.provid ed
B.as
C.unless
D.when
3．They had a fierce _______as to whether their company should restore the trad e h was broken years ago.
relationship whic A.debate
B.clash
ment
C.disagree .contest
D
4．The children cheered up when they saw hundreds of colorful balloons _______slowly into t
he sky.
A.floating
B.raising
C.heaving
D.ascending
5．With a teacher like Mr. Brown, the _______method used in the classroom was by no means standardize
d.
A.traditional
B.learning
C.pedagogical
D
.pococurante
6．One cause of the Civil War was economic and political rivalry between the ________South and t
he industrial North.
A.agrarian
B.prosperous
C.old‐fashioned
D.poorly organized
7．Photojournalist Margaret became famous for her ________of significant events
World War.
during the Second
A.collage
https://www.doczj.com/doc/aa6612842.html,age
C.camouflag
e
D
.coverage
8．When the glaciers ________after the last ice age, the five Great Lakes of North America were forme
d.
A.advanced
B.evaporated
C.thawed
D.exploded
Teachers of young child
9．ren should ________avoid ridicule and sarcasm.
A.theoretically
B.naively
C.scrupulously
B
.confidently
10．Major earthquakes are among nature’s most decaying events, causing an ________loss of life and p
roperty.
A.unmentionable
B.unprofitable
C.insurmounta
ble
D.incalculable
11．Mercury’s ________is so much greater than the Earth’s that it completes more than four revolutions around the Sun in the time it takes the Earth to complete one.
A.velocity
B.orbit
C.weight
D.diameter
答案及详解
练习一
1．break in 接on (upon) someone 或someone’s conversation 或activity “打断”。
in 表示“进入”，on表示抽象的接触。又如：The loud bell on the clock broke in upon his dreams. 洪亮的钟声打断了他的美梦。
2．bring out “使出现，使显明”，常用来指才华、个性等。句意：艰难困苦造就了这位年轻地质学家最好的品质。
3．draw on“利用，动用”（use… as a source）。句意：政府决定动用其黄金储备以摆脱金融危机。draw的其他搭配：draw up“使……停住；草拟”；draw off“脱去（手套等），放掉（多余的水等）”；draw in ( = pull in )“到达，到站”。
4．drop off“逐渐减少（小）”。句意：自从电视出现以后，到现场看足球比赛的人数逐渐减少。drop的其他搭配：drop in“顺便访问”；drop out“退出，脱离（比赛等）”；drop down“卧倒；顺着（河流、山坡等）向下移动。”
5．due to“定于，预计”。句意：人们期待已久的哈勃望远镜将在三月进入地球轨道，观测天空中最古老的星球。
6．at a loss“困惑，不知所措”，常与for words/what to say /what to do搭配，表示“不知说什么或做什么才好”。
7．not so much… as …的意思为“与其说……不如说……”。句意：与其说我不喜欢她，不如说我对这整件事没有兴趣。
8．be occupied with和be engaged in, be busy with sth./in doing sth. 都指忙于某事。
句意：玛丽正忙于翻译一本法语小说。
9．over“在……时，在……期间”，discuss the matter over tea and cakes一边喝茶吃点心，一边讨论这个问题。又如：fall asleep over one’s look看着看着睡了。
10．on purpose“特意地，故意地”。句意：我来不为别的而是专程来看你的。
11．press on ( upon ) “使负重担，压迫”。句意：不断上涨的价格使穷人和收入固定的老人不胜负荷。press 的其他搭配：press up 用力使升高；press for 迫切要求，催促；press down 压（揿上）。
12．catch / take sb. by surprise“使吃惊，冷不防地捉住”。
13．take a pride in = pride oneself on = feel / be proud of “对……自豪”。
14．give rise to是固定词组，意为“引起，造成”。句意：用词不当会使你的真实意图让人产生怀疑。
15．run out of（以人做主语）“没有了，把……用光了，耗尽了”。注意区别run out （以物做主语）“没有了，用完了”。
16．ashamed “惭愧的，害臊的”，后面可用of短语或that从句，表示惭愧的原因。
句意：他因问了一个这么傻的问题而感到羞愧。
17．stand up to 表示“（人）经得起折磨；（物）磨损”。句意：在太空，女人比男人有明显的优势，因为她们需要的食物、氧气较少，承受辐射的能力较强。
18．at stake “在危机关头，在危险中”。
19．stick at (=continue to work hard at ) “继续勤奋地致力于……”
20．stroke 指“报时的钟声”，on the stroke = punctually 准时，为固定搭配，句意：我们每天12点准时吃午饭。
21．at a stretch “一连(多少时间)”。
22．play tricks on sb. 欺骗某人。句意：他们以前是对手，现在并肩坐在一起交谈，我都不敢相信自己的眼睛。
23．turn to sb. for sth. 为某事而求助于某人。句意：为了给这个项目提供资金，他们不得不求助于公众以获得他们所需的基金。
24．in turn的意思是“反过来”，表示相互影响的关系。句意：紧张的环境会导致诸如不良进食习惯等不健康行为，而这些不良行为反过来会增加心脏病的发病率。
25．provoke sb. into doing sth. 是固定结构，也可以说provoke sb. to do sth.。
26．work up “激起”。句意：一个真正有感染力的演说家能激起听众高昂的情绪。
work的其他搭配：work out“算出”；work over“彻底检查”；work at“从事”。
练习二
1．augment“扩大，增长，加强”，用于表明某一东西已有一定基础，而在此基础上得到进一步发展，变得更大、更好、更有价值等。句意：警察部队新招了些男女警察，扩大了队伍。 [A] extend“延长”，如:extend a railway; [B] exaggerate“夸大，夸张”，如：exaggerate the difficulties of the situation 把困难情况讲得过分；[C] magnify 特指放大之意，如：I want to magnify the picture.
我要放大这张照片。
2．句意：也许我们将永远无法查明这些亚原子粒子的确切性质了。ascertain意为“确实（事实），探知，查明”，符合题意。[A] assert指“断言；坚持”，[B] impart 意为“传播（知识等），告知（情报）”，［D］notify指“通知，报告”。
3．cure“治疗”，尤指用药物治愈疾病。句意：假如这种药我一天吃两次；它就可以治愈我的感冒。[B] heal着重指治好外伤或烧伤后的患部，使伤口愈合，不用于治感冒等疾病；[C] restore指（使）恢复硬朗或使正常；[A] recover“恢复”，不合句意。
4．contents（用复数形式）表示“容器所盛（装）的东西”。[B] content（不可数）表示“（作品等的）内容”；[C] consent“同意”和[D] contend“斗争，竞争”是content的形近易混词。
5．expel“赶走”。句意：警卫人员把在法庭上大声喊叫的两个男人赶了出去。四词皆含pel，该词根意为“推动，催逼”。[B] propel“推进，推动”（=push forward），如：The ship is propelled by steam.。[C] repel“击退，排斥，拒绝”，如：repel the enemy 击退敌人。[D]dispel “驱散（云、雾等）”。
6．空格前and告诉我们，空格处填入的词应该与movement相似或属于同一类，同时，本句后半部分出现的一个词competition也暗示了这个选项只能是exercise。
7．句意：如果大多数养家的人都为希望工程捐赠他的一天所得，则希望工程大有希望。[A] gift指赋予某人什么才能，通常用被动语态；[B] present，[ C] donate和[D] give都有“给”和“赠予”之意。give为一般用语；present是正式地颁给某人，通常附有仪式，着重强调赠者和接受方的关系。donate所赠的对象一般是慈善事业或者机构。
8．句意：送一件礼物可以传达非常丰富的意思——你感激他们的热情款待并重视你们之间的关系。hospitality指“热情款待，好客，殷勤”，符合题意。[A] solidarity指“团结一致，休戚相关”，[B] priority指“优先（权）”，[C] superiority 指“优越（性），优等，上级”。
9．rim“边缘”，指某一容器如杯子等的周边。句意：他从眼镜边缘上方幽默地扫了她一眼。[B] edge“边缘”，指某一物体和地方的极限；[C] brim“边缘”，指某一容器里的液体达到溢出状态；[D] border“边沿，国界”，指两国之间的界限及边界周围地区。
10．句意：在美国，别人对你讲话时，你不看着他是不礼貌的。[A] rough, [B] coarse 和[C] rude都有“粗糙的；粗野的”的意思。[A] rough指物时多指表面不平坦、不光滑，指人则指其举止不文雅，不体谅他人。[B] coarse指物时指加工不精细，表面凹凸不平；指人时则指不秀气。[C] rude指物时指非常简易，精糙，此用法多用于文学作品中；指人或其行为一点礼貌也没有，毫无教养。
11．revolve和[D] rotate均表示“旋转”，revolve表示以他物为轴或点作为中心的“旋转”（Revolve may suggest regular circular motion on an orbit around sth.，exterior to the item in question）；rotate表示像车轮、陀螺、地球等以自身内部的轴为中心的旋转（Rotate is likely to suggest a circular motion on an interior axis within the thing under consideration which may be not moving otherwise）。[A] resolve“溶解，解决”；[C] involve “卷入，包括”。
12．investigate“（具体地）调查，研究某事”。[B] explore“考察，勘察”；[C] survey“审视”，指全局性的检查或全面检查，如：make a survey of the economic system 对经济制度进行全面的调查。
练习三
1．上下文意为families自身也变化了。[A] survived changes“经历了变化后生存了下来”。[B] noticed changes“注意到了变化”。[C] undertaken“保证；着手；
进行”，是理性地决策后做事的意思，而change往往是自身动作，因此
undertaken就不太好与change连用了。利用排除法可选[D]。
2．前半句说道“通信革命不仅影响了我们的工作和休闲，还影响了我们的时空观念”，下半句又说，“但是，人们对其在经济、政治、社会和文化上的影响依然持……观点”。联系上下文，可以清楚知道人们在此问题上仁者见仁，智者
见智，意见不一。因此，只有controversial符合题意要求。
3．中间一句说“北极是海洋”，后面又提到“浮水”一词，根据常识，我们知道浮冰是覆盖在水面上的，故正确答案应当是covered。
4．exercise做动词，意思是“利用，动用，行使”，这里的exercise与定语从句中的先行词control在逻辑上是动宾关系。to exercise control即实施控制，符合文意。[A] practice“练习，实践”；[C] obtain“获得”和[D] acquire“得到，取得”
都不能与control搭配。
5．空格前and告诉我们，空格处填入的词应该与movement相似或属于同一类，同时，本句后半部分出现的一个词competition也暗示了这个选项只能是
exercise。答对本题的关键在于注意空格前的movement和and两个词。
6．nutrition“营养”。其他词与句意不符。[D] hygiene卫生（学）。
7．for various purposes“因为各种各样的原因”。
8．present“存在的，含有的”，如：Analysis showed that cocaine was present in the mixture。分析的结果表明混合物中含有可卡因。后两句意为“白面包中的纤维已经被去掉，但是纤维存在于未被精加工的面粉和蔬菜中”。[A] current“现在的，当前的”；[B] substantial“实质的，结实的”；[D] essential“必要的”。
9．在这里我们先弄清四个备选项的含义：[A] extraordinary “非凡地”；[B] specially “专门地”；[C] especially “尤其地”；[D] specifically “具体地”，从文中意义来看，[C]最合适，因为本句句意为“尤其是在三十年代经济萧条的条件下”，故选[C]。
10．stake “赌注，利害关系”，high stakes 即大赌注，符合本题要求。[B] danger “危险”；[C] odds “差异，不平等”；[D] risk “危险，风险”。
11．turn over 表示“翻转，翻身”，根据常识可以判断出“那些不酗酒，不吸毒，精神也没有问题的无家可归者四处流浪的原因是，他们缺乏日常生活能力来改变自己的生活”，缺乏生活能力也就是缺乏能力生活“翻转”，故选[B] over。
12．本题答案是与similar意思相反的词，即diverse，意思是“互异的，各式各样的”。[B] identical“完全相同的”；[C] differential “有区别的，鉴别性的”。
13．to provide sb. with sth. 为一固定搭配，故选 [C]。
14．介词worth 后面跟动名词时，不用被动语态形式，所以只有选项[B] preserving 正确。
练习四
1．A选项意为“后果”，含有逻辑推理或发展之意；B选项意为“结果”，含有较强的因果感；C选项意为“最终结局之感”; D选项意为“结果，成果”，最常用。
该句意为：如果你拒绝去做，你就得承担后果。句中take the consequence意为“承担后果”。故答案为A。
2．四项选项均为连词，根据题意，答案为C。该句意思是：除非我们正视工作中的不平等，否则我们就无法希望解决工业社会生活中的种种问题，其中许多问题直接产生于工作中的不平等所造成的思想挫折。
3．A选项意为“辩论，讨论，讨论会”；B选项意为“碰撞，冲突，抵触”；C选项意为“意见不同，不调和，争执，争论”；D选项意为“比赛，争论”等。该句意为：关于公司是否应该恢复多年前中断了的贸易关系，他们展开了一场激烈的辩论。故答案为A。
4．A选项意为“漂浮，漂动”，本题是要描述气球向上飞的景象，float是指水平方向的漂动；B选项意为“举起，抬起”；C选项意为“很费劲地举起，抬起，拽起”；D选项意为“上升，登高”。该句意为：当孩子们看到成百上千只气球缓缓地飞向空中时，他们高兴地欢呼雀跃起来。故答案为D。
5．A选项意为“传统的，惯例的”；B选项意为“学问，学识”；C选项意为“教育学的，教学的，教师法的”;D选项意为"冷淡的,不热心的".根据题意，答案为C。
6．A选项意为“农业的，土地的”；B选项为“繁荣的，顺利的”；C选项为“不流行的，保守的”；D选项意为“组织力差的”。根据题意答案为A。
7．A选项意为“拼贴艺术”；B选项意为“用法，惯例”；C选项意为“（军）伪装，迷彩”；D选项意为“适用范围（量），（报纸等的）报道，（保险）承担（范围）”。
根据题意答案为D。
8．A选项意为“前进，提出（计划，提案等），推行”；B选项意为“蒸发，（如蒸
汽般地）消失”；C选项意为“（冰，雪等）融化，溶解，（态度）变温和”；D 选项意为“破裂，（感情）激发，爆炸”。根据题意答案为C。
9．A选项意为“就理论上，理论上地”；B选项意为“天真烂漫地，无邪地”；C选项意为“谨慎地，细心地，过于拘泥细节地”；D选项意为“信赖地，大胆地”。
根据题意答案为C。
10．A选项意为“不可提及的，说不出口的”；B选项意为“无利益的，无效的”；C 选项意为“难越过的，不能克服的”；D选项意为“无法计数的，不能预料的，不可靠的”。根据题意答案为D。
11．A选项意为“速度，速率”；B选项意为“轨道，活动范围”；C选项意为“重量，重要性，影响力”；D选项意为“直径，（透镜等的）倍率”。根据题意答案为A。
2013年考研英语新大纲新增的60个词汇 详
2013年考研英语新大纲新增的60个词汇详解 海天教育2012-09-14 专业外贸英语,英语口语,商务英语培训浸泡式外贸英语培训让您英语快速提升! 2013年考研大纲解析及复习指导”专题的相关链接【点击进入】 2013年考研的孩子们，你们好！2013年考研新大纲英语一和二今天（ 9 月14日）和大家见面了，宫东风英语团队第一时间为学生就13考研英语大纲 进行解析，新大纲删减许多词汇的同时新增60个词汇，新大纲应用文写作部 分删除了摘要写作要求，大家不用准备摘要了。英语二删除了阅读新题型中的 判断正误题型。别的方面没有改动。这充分体现了教育部考试中心的维护安定 团结以人为本的大方针。 近来，网上流传的新增700词，增加听力等新题型，阅读难度到专业八级 都是没有根据的，扰乱人心的…希望同学们以后在考研政策上对政府要有信任， 别信网上的谣传…考研的孩子，咱伤不起！ 目前，大家要认真反复精研真题，把真题读懂读透读熟读烂… 孩子们，加油！Never say die!
2013年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）和（二） 考试大纲新增的60个词汇详解 1 accustom vt. 使习惯于(to)：~ oneself to rising early使自己习惯于 早起 / ~ sb. to sea life使某人习惯于海上生活 / ~ one's ears to the din使自己的耳朵适应喧闹声 2 alienate vt. 1使疏远，使不友好；离间；The management must never become ~d from the employees.管理层决不能脱离员工。 2【律】转让，让渡（财产等）3使转移；使转向 ?alienator n. 3 allegiance n. 1（对国家、政府、事业、个人等的）忠诚；效忠，忠贞：give ~ to效忠于 2（臣子对君主的）臣服义务 3（侨民对所居国政府的）效忠义务 4 ape n. 1无尾猿；类人猿 2猴 3粗野的大汉 4模仿者，学样的人 vt. 模仿，学…的样 adj. 〈口〉疯狂的；狂热的◇go ~〈口〉发疯；变得狂 热：go ~ over a girl为一个姑娘神魂颠倒 ?apelike adj. / aper n. 5 archaeology n. 1考古学 2（某民族的）文化遗迹，古迹 ?archaeological adj. / archaeologically adv. / archaeologist n. / archaeologize vi.
考研英语：翻译真题精讲(６）
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考研英语:翻译真题精讲(６) 一、全真试题 Almost all ouｒ maｊor probｌemｓｉnｖolve hｕman behavｉor，ａnｄthey caｎｎｏt bｅsｏｌvｅd by physical ａnd bioloｇicaｌ technｏｌoｇy aｌonｅ. Ｗｈat iｓ needed iｓ a technolｏgy ｏｆ behavior，ｂut ｗe have ｂeen sｌoｗｔo dｅvelop tｈe ｓciｅnce froｍｗhich ｓuｃｈａｔeｃｈnｏloｇy mｉｇht be drawn.６1）Ｏnｅ dｉfｆｉｃｕlｔy ｉｓｔhat ａlmost aｌl of what is caｌｌed behavioｒａl scienｃe ｃoｎtinues to trace ｂehavior to states of mind,fｅelings，traｉｔs ｏf ｃharａcter,ｈumａn naｔｕre，aｎd sｏｏn.Physiｃｓ and b ｉｏlogｙoncｅ folｌoweｄ simiｌar pracｔicｅs anｄ aｄvaｎｃed onｌy whｅｎｔｈey dｉscaｒｄｅd them.62）Ｔｈｅbehaviｏrａｌ sｃienceｓhave bｅen s ｌoｗｔo chaｎge ｐarｔlｙｂecａuｓe ｔhe explanaｔory itｅms oftｅn seeｍ t ｏｂｅdirectly obｓeｒvｅd ａｎd ｐａｒtly becauｓｅ otheｒ kｉnds ｏf expl ａｎations haｖｅ beｅn hard to fiｎd.Tｈe eｎvironment iｓ obviｏｕｓlｙ im ｐortant，buｔ itｓ roｌe has remained ｏbｓcure. Iｔ doｅs not ｐusｈoｒpull,ｉｔｓelects，and tｈｉs fuｎｃtion is difficult tｏ discovｅr aｎd analy ｚｅ.63）Ｔhｅ role oｆｎａｔural selｅｃtｉoｎ iｎ evolutioｎ waｓformulat ｅｄ only a ｌittle ｍoｒe ｔhaｎ a huｎdred years agｏ,and the selｅｃtｉv ｅ rolｅ of ｔhe eｎvirｏnment ｉn ｓｈaｐing ａnd mainｔaining the bｅhaｖiｏｒ of the iｎdｉvｉduａl is onｌy ｂegｉｎninｇto be recognizｅd and ｓｔudied.As the interaｃtｉｏｎ beｔwｅen ｏrganisｍａｎd ｅnｖironment has cｏme to be undersｔood,hｏwevｅr,eｆｆecｔs ｏｎcｅａｓsignｅｄｔo statｅs of ｍi ｎｄ，feelinｇs,and traits aｒe begｉnniｎg ｔo bｅｔｒaceｄ tｏａccessｉbｌe conｄiｔions，anｄ a ｔeｃhnologｙ of ｂｅhavｉor may thereｆorｅ become avai ｌablｅ．It will ｎoｔsolvｅour pｒobleｍs,however,uｎtｉｌ it ｒｅｐlaces ｔraｄitiｏnal prｅscientifｉｃ vieｗs,aｎd ｔheｓe are ｓｔrongly enｔrｅnched. Frｅeｄom and dignitｙｉｌlｕstrate thｅｄifficｕｌｔy.64)Ｔｈeｙａｒe ｔｈｅ poｓseｓｓｉｏns oｆｔhｅａutｏnomｏus（sｅｌf-goverｎｉｎg）ｍan oｆｔra ｄｉtiｏnaｌ theory,ａnd they ａre ｅｓｓential to ｐracｔiｃeｓ in whｉch a person iｓ heｌd ｒｅspoｎｓiblｅfor his coｎｄuct and ｇｉvｅn cｒｅdｉｔｆor his aｃhieveｍｅnts.A scｉｅntｉfic aｎaｌysis shｉｆts ｂoth thｅ respo ｎsibｉlｉtｙ and the achieveｍｅnt to thｅenviroｎｍeｎt. It aｌso ｒaises quｅstｉｏnｓ conｃeｒning “values”. Who will use a teｃhｎolｏｇy and to wｈat eｎdｓ?65)Untｉl thｅse iｓｓueｓ arｅ resｏｌveｄ，a ｔechnolｏgy of beｈａｖior wｉｌl cｏntinuｅｔo bｅreｊected，and ｗith ｉｔｐoｓsibly the only way to solve our proｂｌｅms. 二、翻译题解
displacement n. 移置 , 转移 , 取代 , 置换 , 位移 , 排水量dramatic adj. 戏剧性的 , 生动的 eventually adv. 最后 , 终 于 exhibit vt. 展出 , 陈列 n.展览品 , 陈列品 , 展品 v.展示exploitation n.开发 , 开采 , 剥削 , 自私的利用 , 宣传 , 广告 fluctuations n. 波动 , 起伏 highlighted adj. 突出的 implicit adj.暗示的 , 盲从的 , 含蓄的 , 固有的 , 不怀疑的, 绝对的 induced vt. 劝诱 , 促使 , 导致 , 引起 , 感应 inevitably adv. 不可避免 infrastructure n. 下部构造 , 基础下部组织 inspection n. 检查 , 视察 intensity n. 强烈 , 剧烈 , 强度 ,亮度 manipulation n. 处理 , 操作 , 操纵 offset n.抵销 , 弥补 , 分支 , vt.弥补 , 抵销 , 用平版印刷 vi.偏移 , 形成分支 paragraph n.(文章 )段 , 节 , 段落 plus prep.加上 adj.正的 , 加的 practitioners n. 从业者 , 开业者 predominantly adv.卓越的 , 支配的 , 主要的 , 突出的 , 有影响的 prospect n.景色 , 前景 , 前途 , 期望 vi. 寻找 , 勘探 radical adj. 根本的 , 基本的 , 激进的 n.激进分子 random n.随意 , 任意 adj.任意的 , 随便的 , 胡乱的adv.胡乱地 reinforce vt. 加强 , 增援 , 补充 , 增加 ...的数量 , 修补 , 加固n.加固物 restore vt.恢复 , 使回复 , 归还 , 交还 , 修复 , 重建 revision n. 修订 , 修改 , 修正 , 修订本 schedule n.时 间表 , 进度表 v.确定时间 tension n. 紧张 (状态 ), 不安 , 拉紧 , 压力 , 张力 , vt. 拉紧 , 使紧张 termination n. 终止 thereby adv.因此 , 从而 , 在那方面 , 在那附近 uniform adj. 统一的 , 相同的 , 一致的 ,；n.制服 vt.使成一 样 , 使穿制服 vehicle n. 交通工具 , 车辆 , 媒介物 , 传达手段 via prep.经 , 通过 , 经由 virtually adv. 事实上 , 实质上 widespread adj. 分布广泛的 , 普遍的 visual adj. 看的 , 视觉的 , 形象的 , 栩栩如生的accommodation n.住处 , 膳宿 , (车 , 船 , 飞机等的 )预定铺位 , (眼睛等的 )适应性调节 analogous adj.类似的 , 相似的 , 可比拟的 anticipate vt. 预期 , 期望 , 过早使用 , 先人一着 , 占先 v. 预订 , 预见 , 可以预料 assurance n.确信 , 断言 , 保证 , 担保attain vt. 达到 , 获得 v.达到 behalf n.为 , 利益 bulk n.大小 , 体积 , 大批 , 大多数 , 散装 vt.显得大 , 显得重 要 ceases v停.止 , 终了 ,n.停止 coherence n.一致 coincide vi. 一致 , 符合 commence v.开始，着手 concurrent n 同时发生的事件 adj.并发的，协作的，一致 的 confined adj. 被限制的，狭窄的，分娩 的 controversy n. 论战 ,争论 ,辩论 conversely adv.倒的 ,逆的 device n. 装置 ,设计 ,图案 ,策略 ,发明物 ,设备；【计】安 装设备驱动程序 devote v.投身于 ,献身于 diminish v.( 使 )减少 ,( 使)变小 distorted adj. 扭曲的 ,受到曲解 的 duration n. 持续时间 ,为期 erosion n. 腐蚀 ,浸蚀 ethical adj. 与伦理有关的 ,民族的 ,民族特有的 founded v.建立 ,创立 inherent adj.固有的 ,内在的 ,与生俱来的 insight n. 洞察力 ,见识 integral adj. 完整的 ,整体的 ,【数学】积分的 mature adj. 成熟的 ,到期的 ,充分考虑的 ,(票据等 )到期的 vt.使成熟vi. 成熟 ,到期 mediation n.仲裁 ,调解 ,调停 advocate n.提倡者 , 鼓吹者 vt.提倡 , 鼓吹 channel n.海峡 , 水道 , 沟 , 路线 vt.引导 , 开导 , 形成河道；信道 ,频道 classical adj.古典的 , 正统派的 , 古典文学的 comprehensive adj. 全面的 , 广泛的 , 能充分理解的 , 包容 的 comprise v.包含 , 由 ...组成 confirmed adj. 证实的 , 惯常的 , 慢性的 contrary adj.相反的 , 逆的 , decades n十.年 , 十 definite adj. 明确的 , 一定的 deny v.否认 , 拒绝 differentiation n. 区别 disposal n.处理 , 处置 , 布置 , 安排 , 配置 , 支配 empirical adj. 完全根据经验的 , 经验主义的 , 【化】实验式 equipment n.装备 , 设备 , 器材 , 装置 , 铁道车辆 , 才能extract n.精 , 汁 , 榨出物 , 摘录 , 选粹 vt.拔出 , 榨取 , 开方, 求根, 摘录, 析取, 吸取 foundation n.基础 , 根本 , 建立 , 创立 , 地基 , 基金 , 基金会
考研英语核心单词表一 The Standardization Office was revised on the afternoon of December 13, 2020
考研英语核心单词表（一） [?b?s?:p??n, -?z?:p-] n.吸收 [?w?:ei] adj 可尊敬的；值得…的，配得上…的 n.基督教徒 adj.基督教（徒）的 n.举止，风度；影响；轴承；方位，方向感 vt.责怪，把…归咎于n.责备；（过错、事故等的）责任 adj.有资格的，合格的；合适的，中意的 （ground；ground）v.磨（碎），碾（碎） n.（尤指因某人去世引起的）悲痛，伤心；伤心事，悲痛事 v.（使）变硬；变得更坚定，变得冷酷无情 n.危险；危险物，危胁 in danger在危险中，垂危--out of danger脱离危 险 n.债务 in debt（to）欠债；欠情 adj.否定的；反面的，消极的；负的，阴性的 n. （摄影）底片；负数 v.哀悼，悼念 n.障碍，妨碍 n.犯规，违法行为；冒犯，伤感情；进攻—defense防守 adj.引起疼痛的；令人痛苦的 n.伙伴，同伴；合作者，合伙人 n.支付，付款；付款额；报答，报偿 in payment for以偿付，以回报 n.十年 century百年 vt.驳斥，批判；否认（陈述的）正确性（公正性） n.统治vi.统治，当政；（想法、情感或氛围）盛行，成为最显著 n.麻袋，袋；解雇vt.解雇（=dismiss）；洗劫，抢掠 adj.主观（上）的，主观想象的 v.控告，对…提起诉讼；请求，要求（用于法庭） n.紧张；张力，拉力 vt.侵蚀…的基础；暗中破坏，逐渐削弱 adj.城市的 vt.使（房间、建筑物等）通风，使通气；公开表达（感情或意见） n.受监护（者）；病房；行政区（受政府监护）；受监护人 V.保护，守卫，避开 ward off防止，避开 vi.（to）屈服，服从；倒塌，垮掉 Vt.生长，出产；让出，放弃 n.产量，收获 vt.经受住，抵抗 n.面纱；遮蔽物 vt.用面纱掩盖；掩饰 draw a veil over避而不谈，隐瞒 vt.催促，力劝；鼓励，促进；强烈希望n.强烈欲望 urge sb. to do urge sb. into doing敦促某人干… vt.吸引，使感兴趣；引诱，诱惑
考研英语大纲词汇（带音标和例句）超全版本（字母B） （275个单词） 例句基本选自《牛津英语词典》，个别出自《朗文词典》等。 370.baby ['beibi] n.婴儿；年龄最小的人；小动物 a.婴儿似的 Stop crying! Don't be such a baby. 371.bachelor ['b?t??l?] n.单身汉;(亦作B-)学士(学位) Many would regard him, I think, as an eligible bachelor. 372.back [b?k] a.后面的 ad.向后 v.倒退；支持 n.背；后面 Do you sleep on your back or your stomach? 373.background ['b?kɡraund] "n.背景,经历；幕后" The job would suit someone with a business background. 374.backward ['b?kw?d] "a.向后的,倒行的;迟钝的 ad.向后,朝反方向" She strode past him without a backward glance. 375.bacon ['beik?n] "n.咸猪肉,熏猪肉" Jim ate the last piece of bacon and moved the bed tray from his lap. His friends had all gone to college or were bringing home the bacon. 376.bacterium [b?k'ti?ri?m] n.(pl.)bacteria 细菌 The spots can become infected with bacteria. 377.bad [b?d] a.坏的；低劣的；不舒服的；腐败的；严重的 Smoking gives you bad breath. 378.badge ['b?d?] "n.徽章,像章；标记；象征；记号" All employees have to wear name badges. 379.badly ['b?dli]ad.非常，严重地；坏地，差地，拙劣地 The building is badly in need of repair.
2019年考研英语词汇：必背大纲5500词（88） 2018考研英语词汇：必背大纲5500词（88） 1 shame n.羞耻,耻辱;可耻的人(或事物) v.使羞愧 2 shampoo n.洗发膏,香波;洗发,洗头 v.洗发,洗头 3 shape n.形状,外形;情况,状态;种类v.成型,塑造 4 share v.(with)分配,共用;分担n.一份,份额;股份 5 shark n.鲨鱼 6 sharp a.锋利的;轮廓分明的;急转的ad.(指时刻)正 7 shatter n.碎片;粉碎v.粉碎;使疲惫;使震骇 8 shave v.剃,刮,刨,削 n.刮脸 9 she pron.(主格)她 10 shear v.剪,修剪 11 shed v.流出;发散,散发,脱落,脱去 n.棚,小屋 12 sheep n.(绵)羊;易受人摆布的人 13 sheer a.纯粹的,十足的,全然的;陡峭的,险峻的 14 sheet n.被单;(一)张,(一)片,薄片;大片 15 shelf n.架子,搁板 16 shell n.壳,贝壳;炮弹 17 shelter n.掩蔽处;掩蔽,保护 v.掩蔽,躲避,庇护 18 shepherd n.牧民,牧羊人
19 shield n.防护物,护罩;盾,盾状物 v.保护,防护 20 shift v.替换,转移n.转换,转变;(轮)班,(换)班 21 shilling n.先令 22 shine v.照耀,发光;擦亮 n.光泽,光 23 ship n.船舶，舰艇 v.装运，航运，运送;发货 24 shipment n.装船,装运;装载的货物,装货量 25 shirt n.衬衫 26 shiver v./n.战栗,发抖 27 shock n.震动;电击,触电;休克v.(使)震动/震惊 28 shoe n.鞋 29 shoot v.发射;掠过,疾驰而过 n.嫩枝,苗,射击 30 shop n.商店，店铺;工厂，车间 v.买东西 31 shopkeeper n.店主 32 shore n.海滨,湖滨 33 short a.短的,矮的;(of)缺乏,不足 n.(pl.)短裤 34 shortage n.不足,缺少 35 shortcoming n.短处,缺点 36 shorthand n.速记 37 shortly ad.立刻，不久;不耐烦地，简慢地 38 shot n.开枪,射击;投篮;弹丸,炮弹,子弹 39 should aux.v.应该;万一;可能，该;就;竟然会
考研英语二重要词汇整理 词汇是考研英语复习的基础，即使是现阶段冲刺复习，仍有不少考生词汇还是老大难，凯程网考研频道希望这些考生能够抓紧复习，词汇大关必须要过，下面是整合的英语二核心词汇，大家捡着重要的背背。 concerned a有关的；关切的，担心的 largely ad. 大量地;主要地 astr on aut n 宇航员 unlikely a. 未必可能的；靠不住的 swallow vt.吞咽n.燕子 solar a.太阳的，日光的；利用太阳光的 glitter vi.闪闪发光，闪烁n.闪光 whereas conj.而，去卩；反之 revolve vi. 旋转；绕转 to swallow up 吞没，耗尽 cloudless a.无云的，晴朗的 lesser a较小的；更少的；次要的 pla net n.行星 White Dwarf ［天］白矮星 to make use of 利用 crowd n. 群，人群vi. 聚集，群集 plateau n.(［复［plateaus 或plateaux)高原 as a rule 通常；一般说来 weaken vt. 削弱，减弱vi. 变弱 parliament n.议会，国会；［P-］议会 whilst conj.(=while)当…时然而；虽然，尽管 above all 首先，首要 debate vt./n.争论，辩论vi.对…进行争论，辩论 injection n. 注射；注射剂，针剂 criterion n. 标准，准则 prosecute vt.对…起诉，告发 euthanasia n无痛楚的死亡；安乐死 n atio nwide a.全国性的ad.在全国范围内 deteriorate vt./vi.( 使)恶化 Dutch a.荷兰人的；荷兰语的n.荷兰人；荷兰语 request vt./n.请求，要求 a great many 很多 lethal a.致死的
displacement n. dramatic adj. eventually adv. exhibit vt.展出, exploitation n. 广告fluctuations n.波动highlighted adj. implicit adj. 的, 绝对的induced vt.劝诱, inevitably adv. infrastructure n. inspection n.检查, intensity n.强烈, manipulation n. offset n.抵销, vi.偏移, paragraph n.(文章) plus prep.加上adj. practitioners n. predominantly 有影响的prospect n.景色, radical adj.根本的random n.随意, 胡乱地reinforce vt.加强, 固n.加固物restore vt.恢复, revision n.修订, schedule n.时间表tension n.紧张( 使紧张termination n.终止thereby adv.因此, uniform adj. 样, 使穿制服vehicle n. via prep.经, 通过, virtually adv. widespread adj. visual adj.看的, accommodation n.铺位, (眼睛等的) analogous adj. anticipate vt.预期 vt.显得大, 显,设备；【计】安装 ,(票据等)到期的 , 开导, 形成河能充分理解的, 包 , 支配 , 【化】实铁道车辆, 才能
常用的前缀和后缀，部分国家（或地区）、语言、国民及国籍表，洲名及常见缩写词 一、常用的前缀和后缀 1、常用前缀 aero-：concerning the air of aircraft plane-aeroplane 飞机 space-aerospace 航空空间 anti-：against；opposite of nuclear-antinuclear 反对核武器的 matter-antimatter反物质 war-antiwar反战的 auto-：of or by oneself biography传记–autobiography自传 criticism批评-autocriticism自我反省 be-：to treat as the stated thing friend-befriend以朋友的方式对待；照顾 little-belittle使显得微小，轻视、贬低 bi-：two；twice；double lingual-bilingual 双语的；人 cycle-bicycle bio-：concerning living things chemistry-biochemistry生化 sphere-biosphere 生物圈 by-，bye-：less important produce-by-produce way-byway偏僻小路；学科的次要领域，冷门 centi-：hundredth part grade-centigrade ?摄氏meter-centimeter 厘米 co-：together，with author-coauthor合著者，合著 exist-coexist 同时共存、和平共处 col-：( used before l ) together，with location-collocation排列，配置，词的搭配 com-：( used before b，m，p ) together，with passion-compassion 怜悯、同情 con-：together，with centric-concentric同一中心的、同轴 federation-confederation结盟同盟，联邦 contra-：opposite diction-contradiction 矛盾、否定反驳 natural-contranatural违背自然的 cor-：( used before r ) together，with relate-correlate 有相关性 respond-correspond 相符合相一致，相当类似通信counter-：opposite act-counteract 对抗、抵消 attack-counterattack 反攻、反击 cross-：across；going between the stated things and joining them country-crosscountry越野的 breed-crossbreed杂种，使杂交de-：showing an opposite；to remove；to reduce code-decode 译码、解码、分析电子信号 value-devalue 贬值，贬低 dis-：not；the opposite of advantage-disadvantage 不利、劣势、短处 agree-disagree不同意、不一致、不适合 honest-dishonest 不诚实、不老实 em-：( used before b，m，p ) to cause to become body-embody 表现、象征；包括、包含 power-empower 授权、准许 en-：to cause to become；to make danger-endanger 危及、使遭受危险 large-enlarge 扩大、扩充放大 ex-：former ( and still living ) minister-ex-minister v辅助; 服侍,部长 wife-ex-wife 前妻 extra-：outside；beyond curricular-extracurricular 学校课程以外的 ordinary-extraordinary 奇怪；特别；额外，临时fore-：in advance，before；in or at the front arm-forearm前臂，预先武装 warn-forewarn 预先警告；事先告知 il-：( used before l ) not legal-illegal 非法literate-illiterate 目不识丁、文盲的im-：( used before b，m，p ) not moral-immoral 不道德、邪恶；放荡的 possible-impossible 不可能、办不到的；很难接受 in-：not direct-indirect 间接地，婉转的 sensitive-insensitive 感觉迟钝，不友好的；麻木infra-：below in a range；beyond red-infrared 红外线的 structure—infrastructure 基础设施，基础结构 inter-：between；among change—interchange 互换、互易；交替变换national—international 国际的 intra-：inside，within；into city—intracity市内的 department--intra-department ir-：（used before r）not regular—irregular 不对称、不规则的；不定期的responsible—irresponsible 不负责 kilo-：thousand gram—kilogram千克meter--kilometer千米macro-：large，esp. concerning a whole system rather than particular parts of economics—macroeconomics 宏观经济学structure—macrostructure宏观结构 mal-：bad or badly function—malfunction 故障，障碍 treat—maltreat 虐待、滥用
考研英语词汇：常见英语缩写词 AD,A.DAnno Domini(=in the year of the) Lord;since Christ wasborn 公元 A.M.,a.m.ante meridiem(before noon)上午，午前Apr. April 四月 Aug.August八月 Ave.avenue林荫道，大街 BABachelor of Arts文科学士 BC，B.C.before Christ公元前BS，BScBachelor of Science理科学士C°，Centigrade摄氏度 cccubic centimeter立方厘米CDcompact disk光盘，激光唱片 cf.confer(=compare)试比较；参看cmcentimeter厘米 https://www.doczj.com/doc/aa6612842.html,pany公司
c/ocare of由…转交 https://www.doczj.com/doc/aa6612842.html,pare比较 Dec.December十二月 dept.,Dept.department部，司，局，系Dr.doctor博士；医生 e.g.exempli gratia(=for example)例如esp.especially尤其是et al.et alia(=and others)其他的 etc.et cetera(=and the rest)等等FFahrenheit华氏的 Feb.February二月 ftfoot,feet英尺 g,gm.gram克 GMTGreenwich Mean Time格林威治时间
hr.hour小时 IDidentification card身份证i.e.id est(=that is)那就是，即in.inch英寸 Inc.incorporated股份有限的Jan.January一月 Jr.junior小（用于姓名后）Jul.July七月 Jun.June六月 kg.kilogram千克，公斤km.kilometer千米，公里 l. liter升 lb.libra(=pound)磅 Ltd.limited有限的，股份有限
核心词汇 A abandon abide bid abide by =bear/endure/tolerate/ put up with come up with ＝put forward=raise catch up with =keep up with abnormal ab-away from norm enormous aboard board abound in/with abroad broad go abroad absent present-presence absence abstract tractor abundant abundance abuse abuse drug abuse one’s authority abuse one’s wife accelerate access -cess/-ceed/-cede=go/move have access to+n/doing succeed in, to success-successful succession successive proceed to process in process of precede preceding precedent exceed sb’s expectation excess an excess of excessive recede re-again/back recession economic recession concede = compromise concession accommodation ac commod ate commode accomplish
2021考研英语语法基础：关系代词 【导语】任何一门语言都有语言学，对于句子而言也是存在句法学，除了词汇概念较复杂外，其句子结构较复杂。句法学与语法有区 别吗?冠珠教育整理了英语句法学与语法相关内容，了解一下。 ►指人的关系代词：who, whom, whose, that 的用法： (1) 作主语(who, that ) Those who are going to play in the match are to meet at the gate at 1:30 after lunch. 那些参加比赛的人午饭后1：30在大门口集合。 在本句中，先行词是those;关系代词who引导定语从句，同时 代替先行词在从句中担任动词are going to play 的主语。 The man who/that is talking with Mr. Wang is a famous doctor. 正在和王先生说话的那个人是一个有名的医生。 在本句中，先行词是the man;关系代词who/that引导定语从句， 同时代替先行词在从句中担任动词is talking的主语。 这个复合句可以还原成两个句子：The man is a famous doctor. He is talking with Mr. Wang. (2) 作宾语包括作介词宾语(whom, that )。此种情况下的关系 代词可以省略; This is just the man (whom/that) I want for the job.这正 是我要的做这份工作的人。 在本句中，先行词是the man;关系代词whom/that引导定语从
2019 考研英语大纲5500 词汇表 1.a[ei]art. 一( 个); 每一( 个);( 同类事物中) 任一个 2. a bandon['bndn]vt. 离弃，丢弃; 遗弃，抛弃; 放弃 3. a bdomen[b'dumen]n. 腹，下腹( 胸部到腿部的部分) 4. a batement['beitmnt]n. 减( 免) 税，打折扣，冲销 5. a bide['baid]vi.(abode ，abided)(by) 遵守; 坚持;vt. 忍受，容忍 6. a bility['biliti]n. 水平; 本领; 才能，才干; 专门技能，天资 7.able['eibl]a. 有( 水平、时间、知识等) 做某事，有本事的 8.abnormal[b'n ：ml]a. 反常的，不正常的，不规则的 9. a board['b ：d]ad.&prep. 在船( 飞机、车) 上;ad. 上船( 飞机、车) 10. a bolish['bli]vt. 废除( 法律、习惯等); 取消 11. a bound['baund]vi. 大量存有;(~in ，~with) 充满，富于 12. a bout['baut]ad. 在周围; 大约prep. 关于; 在周围a. 准备 13. a bove['bv]a. 上述的ad. 在上面, 在前文prep. 在.. 之上，高于 14. a broad['br ：d]ad. 到国外，在国外; 在传播，在流传 15. a brupt['brpt]a. 突然的，出其不意的;( 行为等) 粗鲁无礼的 16. a bsence['bsns]n. 缺乏，不存有; 缺席，不在场; 缺席的时间 17. a bsent['bsnt,b'sent]a. 缺席的; 缺乏的, 不存有的; 心不在焉的
附录3常用的前缀和后缀，部分国家（或地区）、语言、国民及国籍表，洲名及常见缩写词 一、常用的前缀和后缀 1、常用前缀 aero-：concerning the air of aircraft plane-aeroplane 飞机 space-aerospace 航空空间 anti-：against；opposite of nuclear-antinuclear 反对核武器的 matter-antimatter反物质 war-antiwar反战的 auto-：of or by oneself biography传记–autobiography自传criticism批评-autocriticism自我反省 be-：to treat as the stated thing friend-befriend以朋友的方式对待；照顾little-belittle使显得微小，轻视、贬低 bi-：two；twice；double lingual-bilingual 双语的；人 cycle-bicycle bio-：concerning living things chemistry-biochemistry生化 sphere-biosphere 生物圈 by-，bye-：less important produce-by-produce way-byway偏僻小路；学科的次要领域，冷门 centi-：hundredth part grade-centigrade ?摄氏 meter-centimeter 厘米 co-：together，with author-coauthor合著者，合著 exist-coexist 同时共存、和平共处 col-：( used before l ) together，with location-collocation排列，配置，词的搭配com-：( used before b，m，p ) together，with passion-compassion 怜悯、同情 con-：together，with centric-concentric同一中心的、同轴federation-confederation结盟同盟，联邦contra-：opposite diction-contradiction 矛盾、否定反驳natural-contranatural违背自然的 cor-：( used before r ) together，with relate-correlate 有相关性 respond-correspond 相符合相一致，相当类似通信 counter-：opposite act-counteract 对抗、抵消 attack-counterattack 反攻、反击 cross-：across；going between the stated things and joining them country-crosscountry越野的 breed-crossbreed杂种，使杂交 de-：showing an opposite；to remove；to reduce code-decode 译码、解码、分析电子信号value-devalue 贬值，贬低 dis-：not；the opposite of advantage-disadvantage 不利、劣势、短处agree-disagree不同意、不一致、不适合honest-dishonest 不诚实、不老实 em-：( used before b，m，p ) to cause to become body-embody 表现、象征；包括、包含power-empower 授权、准许 en-：to cause to become；to make danger-endanger 危及、使遭受危险 large-enlarge 扩大、扩充放大 ex-：former ( and still living ) minister-ex-minister v辅助; 服侍,部长 wife-ex-wife 前妻 extra-：outside；beyond curricular-extracurricular 学校课程以外的ordinary-extraordinary 奇怪；特别；额外，临时 fore-：in advance，before；in or at the front arm-forearm前臂，预先武装 warn-forewarn 预先警告；事先告知 il-：( used before l ) not legal-illegal 非法 literate-illiterate 目不识丁、文盲的 im-：( used before b，m，p ) not moral-immoral 不道德、邪恶；放荡的possible-impossible 不可能、办不到的；很难接受 in-：not