PART IV PROOFREADING&ERRORCORRECTION [15 MIN] The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way:
For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line.
For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a "^"sign and write the word you
believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line.
For an unnecessary word, cross the unnecessary word with a slash "/" and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line.
EXAMPLE
When ^ art museum wants a new exhibit, (1) an
It never buys things in finished form and hangs (2) never
them on the wall. When a natural history museum
wants an exhibition it must often build it. (3) exhibit
2012年专八完整真题，可到上海外语教育出版社四八级在线网站观看。
Proofread the given passage on ANSWER SHEET TWO as instructed.
The central problem of translating has always been whether to translate literally or freely. The argument has been going since at least the first (1) ______
century B.C. Up to the beginning of the 19th century, many writers
favored certain kind of “free” translation: the spirit, not the letter; the (2) _______
sense not the word; the message rather the form; the matter not (3) _______
the manner. This is the often revolutionary slogan of writers who (4) _______
wanted the truth to be read and understood. Then in the turn of 19th (5) _______
century, when the study of cultural anthropology suggested that
the linguistic barriers were insuperable and that the language (6) _______
was entirely the product of culture, the view translation was impossible (7) _______
gained some currency, and with it that, if was attempted at all, it must be as (8) _______
literal as possible. This view culminated the statement of the (9) _______
extreme “literalists” Walte r Benjamin and Vladimir Nobokov.
The argument was theoretical: the purpose of the translation, the
nature of the readership, the type of the text, was not discussed. Too
often, writer, translator and reader were implicitly identified with
each other. Now, the context has changed, and the basic problem remains. (10) _____
参考答案：
1．going∧since－加入on
题解：go on的意思是“继续”，符合句子表达的含义“争论一直在继续”。2．certain－改为a certain
题解：此处要表达的意思是“很多作家喜欢一种自由的翻译方法”，第一次出现这种方法应该加上不定冠词。
3．rather－改为not
题解：根据原句的句子结构，rather应改为not。
4．is －改为was
题解：此句应该为过去时。
5．in －改为at
题解：at the turn of 19th century“十九世纪之初”，是固定搭配。
6．the －删去第二个the
题解：这里并没有特指某种语言，所以不用定冠词。
7．view∧translation－加入that
题解：在view和translation之间加上that，可将“translation was impossible”看成view的同位语。
8．was－删去was
题解：条件状语从句常可以省略主语和系动词。
9．culminated∧the－加入in
题解：culminate in是“以......告终”的意思，符合上下文含义。
10．and －改为but
题解：根据原句意思“现在背景变化了，但是基本问题依然存在”，两句话之间应该是转折关系。
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2013) —GRADE FOUR— TIME LIMIT: 130 MIN PART 1 DICT ATION 15 MIN Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times: During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try t o understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your wo rk. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more. PART 2 LITENING COMPREHENSION 20 MIN SECTION A CONVERSA TIONS In this section, you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. 1. According to the conversation, an example of “Christmas trimmings” could be A. presents. B. fruits C. sauce D. meat 2. A Christmas lunch would include all the following EXCECT A. roast turkey B. sweet potatoes C. meat D. carrots 3. Why did Helen come to Rob?s house? A. She wanted to talk to Bob. B. She had come to help Bob. C. She had been invited to lunch. D. She was interested in cooking. Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. 4. Why did the woman phone the club? A. She wanted to know more about it. B. She was a new comer and felt lonely. C. She wanted to learn a new language. D. She was interested in social activities. 5. We learn from the conversation that the club A. mainly organize language activities. B. accepts members from local students.
听力TIPS： (1) 根据原文中一句“A high-context culture is a culture in which the context of the message, or the action, or an event carries a large part of its meaning and significance.”可知答案。 (2) 根据原文“What this means is that in a high-context culture, more attention is paid to what's happening in and around the message than to the message itself.”可知答案。 (3) 根据原文“Generally speaking, in a high-context culture, because this greater dependency on group thinking, people lean towards heavier sense of involvement or closene ss to people.”可得出答案。 (4) 根据原文“And also people from a high-context culture pay attention to body language.”可得出答案。 (5) 根据原文“People in high-context cultures, are considered to have, what is called a poly-chronic attitude toward time.”可得出答案。 (6) 根据原文“A low-context culture is one in which the message, the event or the action is a separate entity, having meaning onto itself, regardless of the surroundings or the context.”可得出答案。 (7) 根据原文“And you'll also see that people might pay less attention to body language, because as I said, the message is, the message is everything.”可得出答案。 (8) 原文提到在low-context culture中，人们对时间的态度可称为mono-chronic。 (9) 根据原文“People in a low-context culture would be much more upset with lateness, because they feel that everyone should follow t he same time.”可得出答案。 (10) 根据文章末尾部分“If you're in business, negotiations, interpersonal relations, if you're dealing with people from different cultures in any way, it's going to affect every part of your life. In any multi-cultural situation, these assumpt ions need to be taken into account for successful interactions.”可知，在商务活动、谈判、人际交往中，与来自不同文化的人打交道时，这些想法对成功的交际起着非常重要的作用。Script: Classifications of Cultures Good morning, everyone! Today, we'll look at culture or rather classifications of cultures. Usually, when we deal with different people, we deal with them as if we were all members of the same culture. However, it's possible that people from different cultures have different assumptions about the world. We got in such important and basic ideas as time, personal space. And this is the view of Edward Hall. And Edward Hall is an anthropologist who spent a large part of his life studying American Indians, their culture, their language. But he was different from a lot of other anthropologists who just study one culture. He was interested in the relations between cultures, how cultures interact. What Hall believes is that cultures can be classified by placing them on a continuum, ranging from what he called high-context to low-context. OK, what is a high-context culture? A high-context culture is a culture in which the context of the message, or the action, or an event carries a large part of its meaning and significance. What this means is that in a high-context culture, more attention is paid to what's happening in and around the message than to the message itself. Now, let me give you examples. First, in terms of personal space. Generally speaking, in a high-context culture, because this greater dependency on group thinking, people lean towards heavier sense of involvement or closeness to people. And they have less respect for privacy, for personal space. If you go into that culture, people might stand closer when they're talking to you. They might touch more. And if they're jostled in a crowd, they won't feel violated. And also people from a high-context culture pay attention to body language. Because remember what I said, the definition of a high-context culture is that more attention is paid to the context of the message than to the message itself. And part of the context is body language. Second, in terms of time, people in high-context cultures, are considered to have, what is called a poly-chronic attitude toward time. Here, "poly" means multiple and "chronic" means time. What this means is that they believe people, things, events have their own time. And there can't be a standard system of time for everything. What this leads them to believe is that you can't emphasize punctuality. Things happen when they are supposed to
英语专业八级改错练习题及答案解析 About half of the infant and maternal deaths in developing countries could be avoided if women had used family planning methods to prevent high risk ____1____ pregnancies, according to a report publishing recently by the Johns Hopking ____2____ University. The report indicates that 5.6 million infant deaths and 2,000,000 maternal Deaths could be prevented this year if women chose to have theirs children ____3____ within the safest years with adequate intervals among births and limited their ____4____ families to moderate size. This amounts to about half of the 9.8 million infant and 370.000 maternal deaths in developing countries, excluded China, estimated for this year by ____5____ the United Nation’s Children’s Fund and the US Centers for Disease Control respectably. China was excluded because very few births occur in the high ____6____
2012专四听写参考答案 Nowadays, many of us try to live in a way that will damage the environment as little as possible. We recycle our newspapers and bottles, we take public transport to get to work, we try to buy locally produced fruit and vegetables，and we want to take these attitudes on holiday with us. This is why alternative forms of tourism are becoming popular in the world. There are a lot of names for these new forms of tourism: responsible tourism, nature tourism, adventure tourism, educational tourism and more. Although everyone may have a different definition, most people agree that these new forms of tourism should do the following: first, they should conserve the wildlife and culture of the area; second, they should benefit the local people; third, they should make a profit without destroying natural resources; and finally they should provide an experience that tourists want to pay for. 2012专四听力参考答案
PART I DICTATION [15 MIN] Listen to the following passage．Altogether the passage will be read to you four times．During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning．For the second and third readings，the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase，with intervals of 15 seconds．The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work．You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more．Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE． PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN] In Sections A,B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow．Mark the best answer to each question on Answer Sheet Two． SECTION A CONVERSATIONS In this section you will hear several conversations．Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow． Questions l to 3 are based on the following conversation．At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the conversation. l．The Ethical Consumer Research Association will provide information to shoppers on A．product price． B．product quality． C．manufacturers． D．production methods． 2．According to the conversation，an ethical shopper should A．ask for others?advice before buying things． B．consider the worth of something to be bought． C．postpone buying things whenever possible． D．search for things that are less costly．
2012年英语专业四级考试真题 PART I DICTATION [15 MIN] Listen to the following passage．Altogether the passage will be read to you four times．During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning．For the second and third readings，the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase，with intervals of 15 seconds．The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work．You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more．Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE． PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN] In Sections A,B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow．Mark the best answer to each question on Answer Sheet Two． SECTION A CONVERSATIONS In this section you will hear several conversations．Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow． Questions l to 3 are based on the following conversation．At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the conversation. l．The Ethical Consumer Research Association will provide information to shoppers on A．product price． B．product quality． C．manufacturers． D．production methods． 2．According to the conversation，an ethical shopper should A．ask for others’advice before buying things．
ANSWERS PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION SECTION A MINI-LECTURE (1) unaware of bias (2) systematic and objective (3) distributed randomly (4) situation sampling (5) varies/differs/is different (6) advantage (7) as it occurs (8) have more control (9) normally occurring/in natural settings (10) feature SECTION B INTERVIEW 1-5 C B B D C SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST 6-10 C B D C A PART II READING COMPREHENSION 11-15 C A A B B 16-20 D C A D C 21-25 B B A A B 26-30 C A D D A
PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 31-35 B D A B D 36-40 C A C A C PART IV PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (1) let∧– alone (2) face – surface (3) planet∧– which/ that (4) quite /fairly –删去quite 或fairly (5) out – outer (6) away –删去away (7) and – although (8) quarter – quarters (9) when – until / unless (10) fewer – less PART V TRANSLATION SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH Two persons, if with congenial taste or temper, would like to make friends and keep in contact with each other. Otherwise, even two friends would break their friendship, and cut off contact with each other. Among friends, who are more familiar to each other and have a closer relationship than any others, they cannot have no manners but keep ceremonious to each other. Otherwise, they will break their rapport and
英语专业四级考试专题2012年英语专业四级真题及参考答案 TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS(2012) —GRADE FOUR— TIME LIMIT:135MIN PART I DICTATION[15MIN] Listen to the following passage．Altogether the passage will be read to you four times．During the first reading,which will be done at normal speed,listen and try to understand the meaning．For the second and third readings，the passage will be read sentence by sentence,or phrase by phrase，with intervals of15seconds．The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work．You will then be given2minutes to check through your work once more．Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE． PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION[20MIN] In Sections A,B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY.Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow．Mark the best answer to each question on Answer Sheet Two． SECTION A CONVERSATIONS In this section you will hear several conversations．Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow． Questions l to3are based on the following conversation．At the end of the conversation,you will be given15seconds to answer the questions．Now,listen to the conversation.
2012年英语专八翻译题目 一、英译汉： A.原文： But such policies seem instead to have created the conditions for even more campus violence. Some college students who previously drank in bars and lounges under the watchful supervision of bouncers(夜总会，就把等保安人员)（not to mention owners eager to keep their liquor licenses）now retreat to the sanctuary of their fraternity houses and apartments, where they no longer control their behavior their drinking. The boomerang effect has also played a role in attempts to reduce the availability of illicit drugs. During recent years, the federal government has been quite successful in reducing the supply of street drugs. As fields are burned and contraband(违禁品) confiscated, the price of street drugs has skyrocketed to a point where cheap alternatives have begun to compete in the marketplace. Unfortunately, the cheap alternatives are even more harmful than the illicit drugs they replace. B.译文： 然而上述政策反而引发了更多的校园暴力。一些大学生先前在夜总会的酒吧买醉，处于保安人员严密的监控之下(酒吧老板们为了保住自己卖酒的牌照也不会允许过激的事情发生)。现在，大学生们躲到他们互助会会所和公寓中酗酒,对自己饮酒的数量或行为都不再控制。政府在打击非法毒品方面采取的措施同样适得其反。近年来,联邦政府已经有效地抑制了街头毒品买卖。警方捣毁了很多毒品种植地，没收了违禁品，导致毒品的价格暴涨，那些便宜的替代品因此也有了竞争力。糟糕的是，那些便宜的替换品带来的危害甚至比他们所替代的毒品更大。 二、汉译英： A.原文： 痛苦纠聚心中，眉心发烫发热，胸口郁闷难展，胃里一股气冲喉而上。院长说这孩子发育迟缓时，她更是心头无绪。她在孩子所待的房里来回踱步，这房里还有其他小孩。整个房间只有一扇窗，窗外树影婆娑。就让孩子留下来吧，这里有善心的神父和修女，这里将来会扩充为有医疗作用的看护中心，这是留住孩子最好的地方。这孩子是她的秘密，她将秘密留在这树林掩映的建筑里。 B. 译文： Tortured by the pains gathering in her heart, she felt something was burning between her eyebrows. Her chest was brimmed with depression which was likely to run out of her throat at any moment. She could not think clearly any longer when the headmaster told her that the child suffered from developmental retardation. She strode up and down in the room where her child stayed with other pals. There was only one window in the room, out of which some shady trees were whispering. “Just leave it here”, she told herself, “This is the best choice by far, for there are kind priests and nuns in this place which may also be renovated into a Medicare center”. The child was her secret which would be kept in the buildings behind the woods. C. 原文出处：台湾作家蔡素芬《烛光盛宴》 原文赏析：
专八改错技巧总结
英语专八改错解题思路 1. 宏观层面分析（1）句子结构（理顺整个句子的结构，必要时检索上下文） （2）逻辑关系（关联词选择：并列、递进、因果、转折、假设、让步等） （3）时态和语态（完成时和虚拟语气是考查重点） 2. 微观层面分析 （1）缺漏（介词、代词、引导词）（2）冗余（两个主语、同义重复） （3）误用（词性、分词、正反义、主被动、形容词和副词级别） （4）一致性（名词单复数、主谓一致、先行词）（5）词义与固定搭配 3. 注意事项 （1）即使按照语感很快找到了疑似错误，也要坚持读完全句再做判断，可能会有新的发现。过于相信第一感觉而带来的失分是划不来的。（2）分两次改比较合理，因为毕竟只有少数人能够在第一遍看材料的时候就找出所有的错误，尽管这些错误不见得隐藏得多深。 （3）常考题型，高度警惕。冠词：the变a, a变the，补the补a，删a删the，每年都玩的把戏。
单复数：无非是his变their之类的，关键是细心。近义词：例如distinct和distinctive，move和movement，interest和interests… 反义词：尤其看到dis, un, im，in，non之类的，更要琢磨一下。 关联词：几乎是保留节目，and, but, however, though, moreover, therefore… 非谓语动词：见了ing想ed，见了ed想ing, 就是这么贱。 形容词比较级：多半是把原形改为比较级。考的频率也蛮高的。虚拟语气：注意一下还是比较容易看出来的，多长个心眼儿吧。 It：有时要加，有时要删，有时要变itself，总之多盯“它”几眼。动词词组：其实主要是介词的问题，这个没办法临时抱佛脚，要靠积累. 改错： 1、改错虽然为主观题，但错误类型相对集中，可分为以下几种情况： 定冠词：a, an, the误用，甚至多出来；解决
PART I DICTATION Male and Female Roles in Marriage In the traditional marriage, the man worked to earn money for the family. / The woman stayed at home to care for the children and her husband. / In recent years, many couples continue to have a traditional relationship of this kind. / Some people are happy with it. But others think differently. / There are two major differences in male and female roles now. / One is that both men and women have many more choices. / They may choose to marry or stay single. / They may choose to work or to stay at home. / A second difference is that, within marriage many decisions are shared. / If a couple has children, the man may take care of them /some of the time, all of the time or not at all. / The woman may want to stay at home / or she may want to go to work. / Men and women now decide these things together in a marriage. 听写指导： 由题目可以判定，文章围绕男性和女性在婚姻中的角色展开，第一段介绍了传统婚姻中两性的角色，而第二段对当今社会中两性在婚姻中的角色进行了具体的论述。因此，第一段用到了过去时，而第二段则完全使用现在时。需要考生根据语义判定时态。 PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION SECTION A CONVERSATIONS Conversation one 1. Why is the trip to Mars a one-way trip? 答案：B A. The return trip is too expensive. B. There is no technology to get people back. C. People don’t want to return. D. The return trip is too risky. 2. According to the man, what is more important for those recruits? 答案：D A. Intelligence. B. Health. C. Skills. D. Calmness. 3. What is the last part of the conversation about? 答案： A A. The kind of people suitable for the trip. B. Interests and hobbies of the speakers. C. Recruitment of people for the trip. D. Preparation for the trip to Mars.
2012 31. The Maori people are natives of A. Australia. B. Canada. C. Ireland. D. New Zealand. 32. The British monarch is the Head of A. Parliament. B. State. C. Government. D. Cabinet. 33. Americans celebrate Independence Day on A. July 4th. B. October 11th. C. May 31st. D. September 6th. 34. Canada is bounded on the north by A. the Pacific Ocean. B. the Atlantic Ocean. C. the Arctic Ocean. D. the Great Lakes. 35. Who is the author of The Waste Lana? A. George Bernard Shaw. B. W.B. Yeats. C. Dylan Thomas. D. T.S. Eliot. 36. Which of the following novelists wrote The Sound and the Fury? A. William Faulkner. B. Ernest Hemingway. C. Scott Fitzgerald. D. John Steinbeck. 37. "The lettuce was lonely without tomatoes and cucumbers for company" is an example of A. exaggeration. B. understatement. C. personification. D. synecdoche. 38. In English ifa word begins with a [l] or a [r], then the next sound must be a vowel. This is a (n) A. assimilation rule. B. sequential rule. C.deletion rule. D. grammar rule. 39. Which of the following is an example of clipping? A.APEC. B.Motel. C.Xerox. D.Disco. 40. The type of language which is selected as appropriate to a particular type of" situation is called A. register. B. dialect. C. slang. D. variety. 31: new Zealand 32: state 33: July 4th 34: the Arctic Ocean 35: T.S.Eliot 36: William Faulkner 37: personification 38: sequential rule 39: Disco 40: register 2011 31. The northernmost part of Great Britain is _______. A. Northern Ireland B. Wales C. England D. Scotland 参考答案：D TIP：选D。英国最北端是苏格兰。 32. It is generally agreed that _______ were the first Europeans to reach Australia's shores. A. the French B. the Germans C. the British D. the Dutch 参考答案：D TIP：选D。1606年，荷兰航海家Willem Janszoon在约克角西岸登陆澳洲。1770年，英国人库克船长登上澳洲大陆并宣布它为英国领土。 33. Which country is known as the Land of Maple Leaf? A. Canada. B. New Zealand. C. Great Britain. D. The United States of America. 参考答案：A TIP：选A。加拿大被誉为“枫叶之国”。 34. Who wrote the famous pamphlet, The Common Sense, before the American Revolution? A. Thomas Jefferson. B. Thomas Paine. C. John Adams. D. Benjamin Franklin. 参考答案：B