高三英语阅读专练
A
New technology links the world as never before. Our planet has shrunk. It’s now a ―global village‖ where countries are only seconds away by fax or phone or satellite link. And, of course, our ability to benefit from this high-tech communications equipment is greatly increased by foreign language skills.
Deeply involved with this new technology is a kind of modern businesspeople who have a growing respect for the economic value of doing business abroad. In modern markets, success overseas often helps support domestic business efforts.
Overseas assignments are becoming increasingly important to advancement within executive ranks. The executive stationed in another country no longer need fear being ―out of sight and out of mind.‖ He or she can be su re that the overseas effort is central to the company’s plan for success, and that promotions often follow or accompany an assignment abroad. If an employee can succeed in a difficult assignment overseas, superiors will have greater confidence in his or her ability to manage back in the United States where cross-cultural considerations and foreign language issues are becoming more and more common.
Thanks to a variety of relatively inexpensive communications devices with business applications, even small businesses in the United States are able to get into international markets.
English is still the international language of business. But there is an ever-growing need for people who can speak another language. A second language isn’t generally required to g et a job in business, but having language skills gives a candidate the edge when other qualifications appear to be equal.
The employee posted abroad who speaks the country’s language has an opportunity to fast-forward certain negotiations, and can have the cultural insight to know when it is better to move more slowly. The employee at the home office who can communicate well with foreign customers over the telephone or by fax machine is an obvious asset to the firm.
56. With the increased use of high-tech communications equipment,
businesspeople ________.
A. are eager to work overseas
B. have to get familiar with modern technology
C. are gaining more economic benefits from domestic operations
D. are attaching more importance to their overseas business
57. In this passage, ―out of sight and out of mind‖ (Line 3, Para. 3) probably
means ________.
A. leaving all care and worry behind
B. being unable to think properly for lack of insight
C. being totally out of touch with business at home
D. missing opportunities for promotion when abroad
58. According to the passage, what is an important consideration of
international corporations in employing people today?
A. Ability to speak the customer’s language.
B. Connections with businesses overseas.
C. Technical know-how.
D. Business experience.
59. The advantage of employees having foreign language skills is that they can
________.
A. fast-forward their proposals to headquarters
B. better control the whole negotiation process
C. easily make friends with businesspeople abroad
D. easily find new approaches to meet market needs
B
When an ant dies, other ants take it out of the nest, often within an hour after its death. This behavior interests scientists and they wonder how ants know for sure—and so soon—that another ant is dead.
One scientist recently came up with a way to explain this ant behavior. Dong-Hwan Choe is a biologist, a scientist who studies animals and plants. He found that ants have a chemical on the outside of their bodies that signals to other ants, ―I'm dead—take me away‖ when it is dead.
But there's a question to answer: As we know, if an ant is dead, it stops moving. But when an ant is sleeping or knocked unconscious, it is also not moving. However, other ants don't move the living ant out of the nest. How do they know this ant is not dead? Choe found that ants have another chemical on their bodies, which tells nearby ants something like, ―Wait—I'm not dead yet‖ when it is not dead. Choe suspects that when an ant dies, the chemical that says, ―Wait—I'm not dead yet‖ quickly goes away. When other ants detect the ―dead‖ chemical without the ―not dead yet‖ chemical, they move away the body.
To test his theory, Choe and his team put different chemicals on ants. When the scientists u sed the ―I'm dead‖ chemical, other ants quickly moved the treated ant away. When the scientists used the ―Wait—I'm not dead yet‖ chemical, other ants left the treated ant alone. Choe believes this behavior shows that the ―not dead yet‖ chemical overrides t he ―dead‖ chemical when picked up by other ants. And that when an ant dies, the ―not dead yet‖ chemical fades away. Other nearby ants then detect the remaining ―dead‖ chemical and remove the body from the nest.
Understanding this behavior can help scientists figure out how to stop ants from invading new places and causing problems.
60. What is the function of the first paragraph?
A. Leading the following paragraphs.
B. Showing the main idea of the passage.
C. Introducing the background of the passage.
D. Giving a summary of the passage.
61. Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word
―overrides‖ in the fourth paragraph?
A. is weaker than
B. is stronger than
C. is better than
D. is worse than
62. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Living ants can also be taken away when they are not moving.
B. When an ant dies, it can tell others using a certain chemical.
C. A living ant can pretend to be dead using a special chemical.
D. Ants often use chemicals to communicate with each other.
63. Which of the following descriptions about Dong-Hwan Choe is right?
A. Choe did this study in order to stop ants from invading new places.
B. Choe is a biologist who is only interested in animals, especially in ants.
C. Choe first came up with an idea to explain this ant behavior，and then did
some tests to prove his theory.
D. Choe did the research on this ant behavior on his own。
C
Each time I see a balloon, my mind flies back to a memory of when I was a six-year-old girl. It was a rainy Sunday and my father had recently died. I asked my mom if Dad had gone to heaven. "Yes, honey. Of course." she said.
"Can we write him a letter?"
She paused, the longest pause of my short life, and answered, "Yes."
My heart jumped. "How? Does the mailman go there?" I asked.
"No, but I have an idea." Mom drove to a party store and returned with a red balloon. I asked her what it was for.
"Just wait, honey. You'll see." Mom told me to write my letter. Eagerly, I got my favorite pen, and poured out my six-year-old heart in the form of blue ink. I wrote about my day, what I learned at school, how Mom was doing, and even about what happened in a story I had read. For a few minutes it was as if Dad were still alive. I gave the letter to Mom. She read it over, and a smile crossed her face.
She made a hole in the corner of the letter where she looped the balloon string. We went outside and she gave me the balloon. It was still raining.
"Okay, on the count of three, let go. One, two, three."
The balloon, carrying my letter, darted upward against the rain. We watched until it was swallowed by the mass of clouds.
Later I realized, like the balloon, that Dad had never let his sickness get him down. He was strong. No matter what he suffered, he'd persevere, dart up, and finally transcend this cold world and his sick body. He rose into sky and became something beautiful. I watched until the balloon disappeared into the gray and white and I prayed that his strength was hereditary. I prayed to be a balloon. 64．When the girl asked her mother if they could write to her father, her mother _________.
A．felt it hard to answer B．thought her a creative girl
C．believed it easy to do so D．found it easy to lie
65．When the girl was told that she could send a letter to her father, she _________.
A．jumped with joy B．became excited
C．started writing immediately D. was worried that it couldn't be delivered 66．In the eyes of the author, what was the rain like?
A．An incurable disease. B．An unforgettable memory.
C．The hard time her father had. D．The failures her father experienced. 67．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．An unforgettable experience B．The strong red balloon
C．Fly to paradise D．A great father
D
We all know how important human life is—it’s priceless. It doesn’t matter where you are from or what the color of your skins is—all people are human beings. Firstly, we can tell you that the lives of your relatives could depend on your ability to give first aid. If you think highly of human’s life, this website is for you! Here you can find information about first aid.
The very first thing that you should do when you see an accident is to evaluate the situation and prevent further dangerous incidents. First of all, you have to recognize what has happened and what the dangers to rescuers and victims are. Think about how to take care of the victims.
Helping usually takes place in very difficult conditions and injuries can be very bad. Therefore, you cannot be too afraid of making mistakes to help. Sometimes you have to face the fact that regardless of your actions and your efforts the victim’s condition might not improve—he or she could even die. In some cases even professional medical aid may not succeed. If you have done everything you think you should do, you shouldn’t feel guilty.
Do not expose yourself to danger. Giving first aid can be dangerous. While trying to help a victim, do not forget about your own safety. If something happens to you, you won’t be able to help anyone.
Call for help after you find out the condition of a victim. But remember if a victim faints due to breathing failure caused by drowning, choking or poisoning, you should first take actions that help to bring back the heart beat and breathing. While calling, talk shortly but clearly. Always provide the following information: the location of the accident, the kind of accident, the number of the injured and your full name and phone number and so on.
68. The underlined word ―evaluate‖ in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ________.
A. leave
B. protect
C. avoid
D. judge
69. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3?
A. You should learn some professional knowledge about first aid.
B. You s houldn’t feel guilty if you don’t know about first aid.
C. Try your best to give first aid and don’t be afraid of making mistakes
D. Don’t make mistakes when you are giving first aid.
70. The author thinks that helping a victim can be ____________.
A. risky
B. shocking
C. exciting
D. boring
71. It can be inferred from the passage that __________.
A. everyone must learn how to give first aid
B. you should forget about your own safety while giving first aid.
C. when you see an accident you should do nothing but call the police.
D. when calling for help you should give all relevant details.
E
Minimalism (简约主义) is a term that describes movements in various forms of art and design, especially visual art and music, where the work is reduced to its most basic features.
As for me, minimalism functions well not in art or design, but in my daily life.
When I was packing for university, I found it extremely difficult to let go of some of the things I owned. I knew I couldn’t take everything with me, but I kept asking myself ―how could I possibly throw this away?‖, ―what if I need it one day?‖, and ―what about all of the memories?‖ Now that I’ve moved, and left that stuff behind, I don’t even miss it. Whether or not I got rid of it, it barely makes a bit of difference to me now.
I’ve learned that over time people forget, or their need for a particular object eventually disappears. Either they store it away or they get rid of it.
You might think nostalgically（怀旧的）about the toys you cared about when you were a child, but what is making you smile now is not the thing itself but the memory of it. I’ve heard it a hundred times, ―you don’t need things to make you happy.‖ It takes something life-changing like moving across the country to realize how true this is.
Speaking of which, for a lot of people, minimalism is about able to move. It’s about being able to go almost anywhere at any time because you don’t have many possessions to carry. When you keep things you don’t need they beco me a burden that ties you to a place. Moving to university was a good time to let go of a lot of stuff. And when I visit for the holidays, I’ll probably get rid of even more, to lighten the burden.
Of course there are exceptions. There are some things that are irreplaceable, very rare or expensive or we simply love and cherish for some reason or another, since we are humans. But after we keep those, how much is left that we don’t really need?
Hence, minimalism. And why does minimalism bring happiness? That was a bit of a roundabout way of saying that, it’s because what really makes me happy is freedom. And the key to freedom is minimalism because minimalism reduces our attachment to things.
Attachment to too many objects creates a great mess and can severely hold back our freedom to do whatever we want, while minimalism helps us start new projects, move, travel, learn new things, work, expand, be debt-free, be healthy –really living life to our full potential.
I left the nest to fly onwards and upwards, I ca n’t do it with old things weighing me down. And that is why I have adopted minimalism with open arms.
72. In paragraph l, the writer gives the definition of minimalism to .
A. introduce a topic
B. present his own background
C. describe a scene
D. offer an argument
73. Many people don’t want to let go of some of their belongings because
.
A. they haven’t had any life-changing experiences
B. they fear their memories will be gone with the thrown-away stuff
C. they hope to live life to their full potential by storing things away
D. they may have to change their lifestyle because of the loss of them
74. Which of the following is NOT the reason why the writer favors ―minimalism‖ in life?
A. It takes the burden off her while she is moving.
B. It reduces her attachment to her personal things.
C. It enables her to gain the freedom that she desires.
D. It helps her to realize how true life is.
75. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. Minimalism brings happiness.
B. Minimalism is applied in many fields.
C. Minimalism makes people think nostalgically.
D. Minimalism is about able to move.
答案：
56-59 DDAB 60-63 ABBC 64-67 ABCB 68-71 DCAD 72-75 ABDA
提高高中生英语阅读能 力的几点策略 Document number：NOCG-YUNOO-BUYTT-UU986-1986UT
提高高中生英语阅读能力的几点策略 摘要：提高英语阅读能力对高中生进一步学习和使用英语具有非常重要作用。文章分析了提高高中生英语阅读能力的重要性及其条件、高中生英语阅读能力提高的阻碍因素，进而提出了重视文化背景因素、积累阅读词汇量、采用“整体—局部—整体”的语篇阅读法、养成良好阅读习惯四点提高高中生英语阅读能力的策略。 关键词：提高高中生英语阅读能力策略 一、提高高中生英语阅读能力的重要性及其条件 （一）英语阅读能力及其重要性 阅读就是对书面信息进行认知构建的心理语言过程。英语阅读能力是通过阅读英语文献获得信息的一种能力，这种能力的培养与提高，有助于学生在迅速、准确地获取知识与信息时减少难度和障碍，同时还能促进其他方面如听、说、写能力发展。英语阅读能力的培养是高中英语教学中的核心内容之一。侧重提高阅读能力，为进一步学习和运用英语切实打好基础是中学英语课程标准的一项具体要求。 高中英语阅读内容涉及的体裁广泛，题材新奇。其中包括了英语国家的历史、地理、文化风俗和风土人情等方面的内容，融思想性、知识性和真实性为一体。由于学生的时间、能力和活动范围有限，在限时阅读中把握一些阅读技巧和技能，对提高阅读效果显得尤为重要。 （二）高中生提高英语阅读能力应具备的条件 1、背景知识 背景知识是理解特定语篇所具备的外部世界知识，它影响着阅读理解的准确性。背景知识对理解的影响力大于语言知识，背景知识的缺乏会造成阅读理解的障碍。因此，在阅读学习中，应了解文章的背景知识，结合自己所把握的语言知识，如词汇、语法功能和话题等进行阅读。有了运用背景知识阅读的能力，对所读的文章的思路把握就较为清楚，对文章的理解也更为准确、深刻。
高中英语阅读能力的培养分析 摘要：在高中英语的学习过程中，学生的阅读能力起着关键性的作用。在阅读学习过程中会涉及词汇的学习、语法学习以及阅读习惯等等，主要从四方面分析了如何提高高中生的英语阅读能力。 关键词：高中英语；阅读能力；文化知识 高中英语的学习中阅读能力主要指的是对语言文化的学习、获取外部信息的学习以及提高语言实践能力的学习。从高中英语的学习大纲中分析，它明确要求要提高学生的阅读能力，为进一步的学习打下扎实的基础。从学生的成绩方面进行分析，在高中英语的考试中，阅读成绩占有很大的比重。在现阶段的高中英语学习过程中，主要是对语言形式的学习，很少涉及阅读技巧的学习。如今的高中生在阅读中存在很大的问题，主要表现为阅读速度慢、理解能力差等。在教学中教师要提出有针对性的策略，帮助学生提高英语阅读能力。 一、重视词汇学习和词汇积累 在阅读中阅读能力的高低和词汇量具有很大的关系。现阶段的高中生英语词汇量稀少，在阅读过程中都不能将句子正确地翻译出来，会曲解文章的主要含义。在学习词汇的过程中学生不应单纯地死记硬背，而要讲究记忆的方法技
巧。词汇中有很多合成词和派生词，在具体的学习中只要记住自由词汇的含义也就等于学会了更多的词汇。在英语中还有很多是由单词主体和前缀、后缀构成的，在学习过程中只要掌握了这些前后缀，就等于学习了更多的词汇。 二、掌握必要的语法知识 在现如今的高中英语阅读中，句子的结构比以前的结构更加复杂，并且变得越来越长，所以，在分析句子的过程中只有掌握了必须的语法知识才能将复杂的句子简单化，将长句子变为短句子。例如，在遇到长句子时，句子中有很多陌生的单词，这就要发挥语法知识的作用。在高中英语中我们会学习到八种时态，包括一般现在时，现在进行时，一般将来时，过去将来时等等。句子还包括简单句、复杂句。在复杂句子中还有主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句等等。要想把握句子的整体含义，就要将句子的各个部分都分析清楚。 三、联系必要的文化知识 学生在学习过程中除了要学习必要的理论知识外，还要了解必要的文化背景知识和生活常识。在高中英语的学习中，会涉及很多西方的背景知识，例如，西方的节日和西方的传统。在阅读中会出现Easterisland（复活岛）等专有名词，当然还有可能包括一些书籍名称，在了解之后学习会变得更加简单。 四、培养良好的阅读习惯
英语阅读理解技巧 阅读理解始终是外语学习和考试重点。 一．阅读理解的测试要点如下： 1．理解主旨大意； 2．寻读具体信息； 3．理解细节； 4．根据上下文提供的语境，推测生词词义，进而加深对文段的理解； 5．简单的判断和理解； 6．理解文段的基本逻辑结构； 7．理解作者的意图和态度； 8．理解文段的文化信息； 9．理解图表信息； 10．理解指代关系。 从高考命题的实际情况看，命题者常用下述方法提问： 1．What is the purpose of the text? 2．What does the author mainly tell US about in the passage? 3．What can we infer from the passage? 4．What can be inferred from the passage? 5．It can be concluded from the text that ? 6．What can we learn from the text? 7．What is the general idea/main idea of the text? 8. The passage mainly focuses on ? 9. What is the main subject discussed in the text? 10. It can be inferred from the passage that? 11. It can be inferred from the that the author seems to? 12. What is the best title of the text/for the article? 13. The best title for this passage is? 14. What can we infer from the last/the first two paragraphs? 15. The meaning of the word/sentence in Paragraph X is related to? 16. In Paragraph X, "X X X" can be replaced by?
高二英语阅读理解专项训练及答案及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 The noise of chattering mouths subsided（平息） as the teacher entered classroom. “ Good morning class. I am Riffat Monaf, and I will be your geography teacher. Riffat” Monaf, an interesting name and an even more interesting person. Her introduction took place about six years ago, and since then I have never met a more influential person in my life. Mrs Monaf not only conquered me with her vast knowledge of geography, but also won me over with her smile and warm eyes. It was in her class that I traveled to the highest mountains and to the deepest seas from the comfort of the classroom. I learned about the vast oceans, the erupting volcanoes, the snow-capped mountains and the green valleys. She would often relate her adventures about traveling to different parts of the world. Never can I forget the glory of her face when she talks about how truly beautiful this world is. If I search back my love for the environment and geography, I find her to be the source of my love for preserving nature. If one day I became an environmentalist, I know that I'll thank her for it. Apart from this, she has always greeted me with open arms and she calls her students “ my children ”Mrs. Monaf's morals and values rubbed off me deeply and I have always taken her advice into consideration. She has been one of the most consistently good things in my life. Currently, she is fighting a battle against breast cancer, and it pains me to know that after all she has done for me; I can do nothing for her except pray. Whenever I see her in school, she still keeps that kind smile and an expression so soft that it trembles my heart. Mrs Monaf still talks enthusiastically about geography, and I know that I can never see what a truly great person she has been in my life. . （1） What can we learn from the second paragraph? A. The writer traveled a lot. B. Mrs Monaf was a learned person. C. The writer did well at school. D. Mrs Monaf enjoyed telling stories. （2） The underlined word“rubbed off” means. A. moved B. shocked C. influenced D. defeated （3） What do we know from the last paragraph? A. Mrs. Monaf was an optimistic person. B. Breast cancer made Mrs. Monaf upset. C. Another great person may appear in my life. D. Praying for Mrs. Monaf made the writer tremble. （4） What would be the best title for the passage? A. My Interesting School Life B. The Teacher-student Friendship C. An Influential Person in My Life D. Brave Fight Against Breast Cancer 【答案】（1） B （2） C （3） A （4） C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了生命中有影响力的人。
青岛工学院 毕业论文（设计）Study on English Reading Ability of Senior High School Students 高中生英语阅读能力的研究 学生姓名沈延贞子学号 201501105118 指导教师王繁 学院外语学院 专业英语年级 2015级 答辩日期 2019 年 6 月 5 日 青岛工学院
A Brief Study on English Reading Ability of Senior High School Students 高中生英语阅读能力的研究 完成日期： 指导教师签字： 评阅教师签字： 答辩小组组长签字： 答辩小组成员签字： 年月日
摘要 我国的外语教学可以说一直走在误区里面。应试教育已经把外语教学的根本性牢牢锁死。当前，各地的教师在创设氛围教学生从事交际活动吗？课堂上，师生都完全适应了“功利”教学法。教师如果不对学生加强单词和词组的强化训练，不仅学生认为你老师不会教，家长也不会让你的。听力训练、早晚读、周练、月考全都是围绕成绩而转。学生根本没有机会进行交际和阅读的实用性训练，因此，多少年来，学生学的都是哑巴英语。不仅无法用于交际活动，阅读的技能差，所以有必要对当前的英语教学进行彻底的改革。在高中英语学习中，阅读能力是衡量一个学生是否学好英语的关键。通过阅读能力的锻炼，能够培养高中生的记忆理解能力以及主动思考能力，帮助学生开发英语思维。所以，包括笔者在内的学生应该有计划地、科学合理的学习英语阅读，最后通过实际的训练培养，学好英语。本文从研究的背景和意义以及研究的重要性出发，围绕论题搜集文献资料，并综述出了国内外学者对于阅读的产生，发展和理解这几个方面，从而阐述了阅读的重要性。进而分析出了影响阅读能力的几个因素，并且针对问题提出了相应的解决办法，最后进行概括和总结。 关键词：高中生；阅读能力；跨文化教育;话语能力
阅读理解能力测试的主要要求是： 1．阅读材料，理解材料的主旨大意，以及用以说明主旨大意的事实和细节。2．既理解具体的事实，也理解抽象的概念。 3．既理解文章的字面意思，也理解深层含义，包括作者的态度、意图等。 4．既理解某句、某段的含义，也理解全篇的逻辑关系，并据此进行推理和判断。5．既能根据所提供的信息去理解，也能结合中学生应具有的常识去理解判断。 根据这五项要求，我们可将阅读理解多项选择题归纳为以下几种题型：主题主旨大意，细节理解题，综合推理题，概括归纳题，观点归纳题，人物评价题，词义句义理解题，指代关系题，内容排序题等。 下面结合自己平时教学中的经验体会，谈一谈做英语阅读理解题的技巧与策略。 一．主旨大意题 阅读理解首先要做到的就是掌握所读材料的主旨和大意，它是全文的概括与总结。能否抓住这个中心，取决于读者的总结能力。每篇短文都有其主题思想，而作者表现主题思想的手法各不相同。这就需要我们挖掘相同点，寻找解题的方法。 常见题型： 1．主题型： What’s the main idea of this passage ? What does this passage mainly discuss? What’s the topic of this passage ? 2．标题型： What’s the best title? The best title for this text is (to tell ) ————. 3．目的型： The main purpose of this text is ————. The author’s purpose o f writing this text is to ————. What’s the main purpose of the passage?
（英语）高二英语阅读理解专题训练答案及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Flying for a long time, you finally arrive at the place where you can relax—your hotel room. Now you throwyour bag on the bed, turn on the TV and watch an international news programme on a satellite channel probably from UK or the USA. The main international broadcasters are BBC World and CNN. With an audience of over 1.5 billion people, these are popular channels that offer good-quality news programmes. In both companies, the journalists are experienced writers that produce journalism of a high standard. However, there are alternative news channels which people watch because they want a less traditional or non-Western view on world events. Russia Today and Al Jazeera International, an Arabic company, are international channels that broadcast in English. Both companies say they give a fresh view on big stories, and their experienced journalists often report from places where Western journalists do not work, and so they give us stories that we don't normally see. The Internet offers more variety. OneWorldTV is an Internet site where you can find stories about the developing world and human rights, rather than the usual stories about US politics and business. The writers for this company are often local people who write the stories for free. This non-professional journalism is increasing, and it certainly offers more choices. This increase in citizen journalism means that you can write the news, too. Main news broadcasters often use photographs and stories that members of the general public send to them, especially when there is a dramatic breaking news story. Besides this, some blogs are popular sources of news, and the website NowPublic lets you write stories using information you can get from anywhere, including sites like Youtube, Flickr and Twitter. （1）The first paragraph is meant to . A. offer a suggestion B. give a warning C. explain a reason D. introduce the topic （2）It can be learned from the text that more and more people will . A. prefer to read local news B. pay more attention to world news C. start a career in citizen journalism D. give up watching TV news programmes （3）What would be the best title for the text? A. The Latest Local News B. More Choices for News C. The End of TV News D. Traditional World News 【答案】（1）D （2）C （3）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了市民可以观看的新闻媒体。有些新闻来自国家（正式新闻）;有些新闻来自民间，这种民间的非正式媒体新闻正呈上升趋势；市民还可以在网上发布一些新闻。 （1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“ watch an international news program on a satellite channel probably from UK or the USA.”和第二段中的“The main international broadcasters are BBC World and CNN”可以推断出第一段是引子，是为了引出下文的话题（介绍BBC World和
浅谈如何培养高中学生的英语阅读能力 根据高中英语教学大纲的要求：“在高中英语教学中，听、说、读、写要进行综合训练，在进一步提高听、说、读、写能力的同时，更侧重培养阅读能力。”从某种意义上说，阅读能力的提高，是听、说、读、写能力提高的关键。通过阅读，扩大了知识面，增加了词汇量，交际时就不会因为知识或词汇贫乏而言不达意，写作时才能语言地道，内容丰富。然而，阅读能力的培养和提高不是一朝一夕能够达到的。需要经过长期的努力，一步步提高。在这个过程中，课内精读和课外泛读都很重要。只强调精读课本，不进行课外泛读，就无法扩大知识面，无法提高阅读速度，就只能是逐词逐句爬行式的阅读；而不重视精读课本，一味强调课外泛读，势必造成基础不实，对所读材料理解不透的后果。因此，必须在精读课文的基础上，进行一定量的课外泛读。 一、改革课文教学，打好语言基础 课文是培养学生阅读能力的主要材料。课文教学的成败，直接影响到学生阅读能力的培养和提高。在课文教学中，应着重抓以两个方面： 1．课前预习，培养能力 课前预习是培养学生自学能力的重要手段之一。通过预习，学生综合运用已有知识和技能，初步了解教材内容，发现教材的疑难问题，带着问题上课。这样，使学生的针对性更强，更能激发学生的求知欲，同时也便于教师集中力量解决重点难点问题。预习时，一般要求学生做到以下几点：（1）拼读生词、词组，扫清阅读障碍。（2）浏览全文，找出各自然段的主题句，或说出段落大意。（3）划出语言难点，并提出独立的见解。（4）就课文内容提出问题，供课堂上进行问答。实践证明，通过课前预习，学生学习变得更主动了，上课时解决问题的效率也更高了，从而节省了讲解时间，加强了综合训练。 2．围绕中心，整体教学 对于课文的教学，笔者认为，课文不仅仅只是语音、语法和词汇的综合运用，而且是围绕着某一主题，某些内容或情节而进行的综合运用。因此，课文首先应做一个整体来教，应在学生了解文章内容要旨的基础上进行语言操练。这样，既强调语言结构的学习，又强调语言功能的学习，使学生通过学习，不但能听、说、读、写，而且做到理解准确，表达得体。 在课文教学中，笔者往往从整体入手，先让学生通过预习来了解全文的内容大意，再通过做理解习题来检查预习效果。对于故事体裁的课文，先通过听、说法来介绍课文背景和内容，再通过问答来检查学生对主要内容的理解。这样做，目的是使学生养成一开始阅读就努力寻找文章要旨的习惯，训练学生根据关键词语捕捉文章大意的能力。在分析句子时，强调词不离句、句不离文，不仅注意句子的表层意义，更要注意到句子的深层意义，注意句子同文章内容及主题的内在
新课标下农村高中英语阅读能力的培养 摘要：《高中英语新课程标准》明确要求：高中英语教学应“侧重培养学生阅读能力”。因此，阅读理解在高中英语学习中占据着重要地位。目前，《课标》对阅读理解教学和检测提出了更新更高的要求，如何培养学生英语阅读能力是一个当务之急的课题。英语课程标准目标要求能读懂简单读物和报刊、杂志，克服生词障碍，理解大意。能根据阅读目的运用适当的阅读策略。但由于农村中学学生使用英语环境面狭小，学生手头资料少、课外补充阅读少，学生的阅读能力还有很大的欠缺。本文就我所处的农村中学英语阅读教学所面临的困难做了细致的分析，找出合适的对策予以解决，并指出了掌握科学的阅读技巧和阅读方法是提高英语学习水平的重要手段。 关键词：农村中学阅读能力阅读方法能力培养 一、现状与影响学生阅读能力的因素 农村中学较之城市中学在资源配置上差距很大。城市学校设施齐全、资料丰富、师资强，而农村学校在各条件上正相反，不要说语音室，就连资料都不齐全，教材也有城市化倾向，总体讲是起点高、难度大、内容多，农村中学师生均不能很好适应。其次，在生源上，以我校为例，学生高一年的录取成绩是整个福清地区最后几名，很多学生在初中时的英语基础就很差，对英语的兴趣不高，尤其是在阅读方面，进入高中，随着难度的加大，学生的兴趣也在慢慢呈下滑趋势。本人对进行英语学习和教学活动的学生和教师进行了调查，结果反映出影响农村英语阅读的因素
学生本身的语言认知水平、智力水平、生理发展水平、心理因素等一般因素外，影响农村中学英语阅读教学的相关因素还有以下方面： 1、语言基础知识对阅读理解的影响 目前农村中学学生接触的英语材料大都只有课本及练习，英语阅读课在很大程度上还停留在以文章作为实体而非载体的基础上，通过阅读材料传授语音、词汇、语法等语言知识，忽视了培养学生运用科学的阅读策略和方法去获取信息的能力，忽视了语言运用能力的真正养成，学生独立学习能力相当有限。新课程强调从学生的学习兴趣、生活经验和认识水平出发，倡导体验、实践、参与、合作与交流的学习方式和任务新的教学途径，发展学生的综合语言运用能力，使语言学习的过程成为学生形成积极的情感态度、主动思维和大胆实践，提高跨文化意识和形成自主学习能力的过程要提高阅读的理解能力，丰富的词汇，扎实的语法知识和熟练的习语等对学生来说都是至关重要的。 （1）词汇量 影响学生阅读的第一关是词汇量。一个人掌握的词汇越多阅读时所遇到的障碍越小；反之，掌握的词汇少，容易曲解其含义，误解整个句子，甚至整篇文章。扩大词汇量的方法有多种。如：注重学习与积累，我们知道词汇的积累是一个循序渐进的过程，掌握科学的记忆方法，多看多读，积少成多；掌握构词法，通过词的合成，转化，派生来记忆单词，不仅能扩大词汇量，而且有助于记忆如；通过近义词，反义词等联想对比法以及对于熟词偏义，具有特殊意义的词加以记忆
高中英语阅读理解9大题型+解题技巧 一、例证题 1.例证题的标记。当题干中出现 example, case, illustrate, illustration, exemplify时。 2.返回原文，找出该例证所在的位置，既给该例子定位。 3.搜索该例证周围的区域，90%向上，10%向下，找出该例证支持的观点。例子 周围具有概括抽象性的表达通常就是它的论点。 注意：举例的目的是为了支持论点或是为了说明主题句。举例后马上问这个例 子说明了什么问题?不能用例子中的话来回答这个问题。 4.找出该论点，并与四个选项比较，得出选项中与该论点最一致的答案。 5.例证题错误答案设计的干扰特征经常是：就事论事。即用例子中的某一内容 拉出来让你去选。(╳) 要求：在阅读中，遇到长的例子，立即给这个例子定位，即找出起始点，从哪 开始到哪结束。 二、指代题 1.返回原文，找出出题的指代词。 2.向上搜索，找最近的名词、名词性短语或句子(先从最近点开始找，找不到再 找次近的，一般答案不会离得太远)。 3.将找到的词、词组或句子的意思代入替换该指代词，看其意思是否通顺。 4.将找到的词、词组或句子与四个选项进行比较，找出最佳答案。 三、词汇题 “搜索代入”法： ①返回原文，找出该词汇出现的地方。 ②确定该词汇的词性 ③从上下文(词汇的前后几句)中找到与所给词汇具有相同词性的词(如一下子找 不到就再往上往下找)，代入所给词汇在文章中的位置(将之替换)看语义是否合 适
④找出选项中与代替词意思相同或相近的选相，即答案 注意： a.如果该词汇是简单词汇，则其字面意思必然不是正确答案。 b.高考阅读不是考察字认识不认识，而是考察是否能根据上下文作出正确的判断。 c.词汇题的正确答案经常蕴藏在原文该词汇出现的附近。注意不能靠单词词义 直接往下推。 d.寻找时要注意同位语、特殊标点(比如分号，分号前后两句话的逻辑关系不是 形式上的并列就是语义上的并列，也就是两句话的意思相同，所以可用其中一 句话的意思来推测另一句话的意思从而推出所给词汇含义)、定语从句、前后缀，特别要注意寻找时的同性原则。比如：让猜一个名词词组(动词词组)的意思， 我们就向上向下搜索名词词组(动词词组)。 ▲隐蔽型词汇题：题干与原文的某句完全重合，只有一两个词被替换掉。隐蔽 型词汇题的做法跟词汇题的做法几乎一样，往上往下找。 四、句子理解题 1.返回原文找到原句。 2.对原句进行语法和词义的精确分析(找主干)，应该重点抓原句的字面含义。若 该句的字面含义不能确定，则依据上下文进行判断。注意：局部含义是由整体 决定的。 3.一般来说，选项中的正确答案与原句意思完全相同，只不过用其他英语词汇 换种表达而已。 4.句子理解题的错误选项干扰项特征：推得过远。做题时应把握住推的度。 思路：对句子微观分析?不行就依据上下文?选择时不要推得过远。 五、推理题 “最近原则” 1.标志：learn, infer, imply, inform
高一英语阅读训练（16） A Australia's worst pests are the rabbits，introduced by a settler who released 24 into the wild for sport hunting．In less than 100 years，the rabbits grow into the millions of ones，leaving large areas of land looking like the surface of the moon due to thousands of rabbit caves．The spread （蔓延）of the rabbits in Australia was the fastest of all animals in the world．The spread of the rabbits' disease in 1950 cut the number，but it was not until 1997 when the spread of another disease targeted（瞄准）the pests that the number was finally brought under control．Farm losses due to rabbits today still remain a surprising total A＄200 million （US＄112 million）a year． The European red foxes，also released for sport hunting，are growing and eating sheep flocks，costing farmers A＄40 million （US＄22．4 million）a year．The State of Victoria offers a A＄10 (US＄5．6）prize for each fox tail and has gathered 25，000 in a few months．Foxes are one of the biggest threats to wildlife in Australia．Foxes kill thousands of lambs（羊羔），birds and native wildlife．Australia lost its long battle against wild pests． 1．The underlined word “released”in Paragraph 1 means“＿＿＿＿＿＿”．A．kept…out B．set…free C．killed D．stopped 2．Which of the following is NOT mentioned？ A．A great many rabbits eat too much trees．B．Rabbits make too much caves．C．The surface is destroyed a lot by rabbits．D．The birth rate of the rabbits is high．3．What reduced the number of the rabbits？ A．Hunting．B．Poisoning．C．Disease．D．Flood．4．Australia once fought against ＿＿＿＿＿＿． A．sheep and rabbits B．rabbits and red foxes C．birds and red foxes D．lambs and rabbits B Over a third of one's life is spent sleeping with one's head on a pillow（枕头）．A good pillow，in its right height and composition，has important effects on one's sleep and health．There is an old way of medical treatment（治疗）called “smell the medicine to cure（治愈）the disease” which means that people smell medicines while asleep for disease treatment．In China，since ancient times，people have put plants into pillows for their health．Medicinal pillows get medical treatment closely with people's life and keep the people working in process．Back in the Tang Dynasty （AD 618907），the famous Chinese doctor Sun Simiao made medicinal pillows to treat aches in the neck and head，getting good results．The medicine that should be put into the pillow should be carefully chosen according to one's illness． Pillows filled with the skins of beans，seeds，dried flowers and wheat are good for the eyesight and keeping the mind clear，since their smell helps one go to sleep．Furthermore，in South China，a strange pillow has long been popular during hot seasons．Peasants collect silk-worm excrement（排泄物）and fill pillows with it．Such pillows then fetch a high price，because people believe they can successfully cool their babies． 5．What does the underlined word “composition”in (Paragraph 1) mean？ A．The students' homework．B．The color of a pillow． C．What is filled inside a pillow．D．The pictures drawn on a pillow．
浅谈高中学生英语阅读能力的问卷调查与思考 发表时间：2013-06-05T10:17:53.827Z 来源：《读写算(新课程论坛)》2013年2期（下）供稿作者：◇樊俊华 [导读] 略读法是快速阅读中的一种方法,通常又称为浏览。 ◇樊俊华 （达州市渠县第二中学渠县 635200） 近年来,高考越来越注重对于阅读能力的测试,表现在阅读量的加大,难度的增加,以及综合性的试题逐渐增多等方面。对于考生阅读能力的要求越来越高,加大阅读能力的培养势在必行。提高阅读能力不是一朝一夕的事情,需要遵照一定的规律,循序渐进,不能急于求成,否则,容易挫伤学生的积极性。而找到制约学生阅读能力提高的症结所在,找到提高学生阅读能力的切入口又是我们阅读教学重中之重。 一、学生阅读能力的问卷情况 学生的需求是能够进行有效阅读的根本保证,为此,我对我校高二年级学生进行了一次有关英语阅读的问卷调查,调查结果如下: 1、50%的学生喜欢课外阅读,他们认为课外阅读不仅扩大知识面,了解英语国家的历史,地理、风土人情、传统习惯、生活方式、文学艺术、行为规范、价值观念等,还对学科成绩特别是阅读能力的提高有很大帮助。他们还认识到制约自己阅读能力提高的关键在于词汇量不足和高质量的阅读材料匮乏。这为我们的实践提供了心理保障,因为学生主观上已有了心理需求。 2、学生的阅读面比较广泛,但阅读兴趣各不相同,喜欢的程度,由强到弱排列为:记叙文、应用文、说明文、议论文。这说明我们的实践应选材广泛,尽可能满足学生不同的需求。 3、有37.8%同学喜欢做主旨题,35.4%的学生喜欢做推理题,27.4%的学生喜欢做细节题,这表明学生的阅读兴趣和能力除了阅读本身的目的,已提升到比较高的层次。这为我们的实践提供了一些依据。 4、对于阅读习惯,60%的学生在课内学习中是主动阅读,但对阅读方法了解甚少,欠良好的阅读习惯;33%的学生被动阅读,依赖于老师的提示、分析,只有11%的学生是主动参与到活动中,且有意识地运用阅读方法,有良好的阅读习惯。 5、运用构词法去猜测生词的能力较弱,只有5.7%的学生能,41%的学生不能,51.8%的学生基本能,对于关联词,替代词的所指,完全理解的 22.6%,不能的17.5%,理解较少59.4%。这说明扫除学生阅读障碍的关键是教给学生对生词、关联词、替代词的正确理解的方法。 二、思考及对策 通过问卷调查,我发现大部分学生无阅读英语的兴趣,更无良好的阅读习惯,那么我们该如何做到有的放矢,有效的培养学生的阅读兴趣和提高学生的阅读能力呢? (一)精心选材 良好的阅读能力主要表现在两方面,一要读得准,二要读得快。 阅读能力的提高是一个循序渐进的过程。由于阅读材料的选取受到限制,学生从高一到高三所读材料的梯度较为模糊,在同一层次上重复过多,虽经师生共同努力,投入了大量的时间和精力,往往却不能收到预期的效果。在一定程度上我们忽略了学生正处于求知欲望特别强的年龄阶段,他们常常对熟悉或感兴趣的内容比较关注,因此,为了满足他们的这种需求,教师在选取材料时既要考虑满足教学的需要,又要注意材料的趣味性,特别是在教学的起始阶段,更应重视这一点。同时,还要注意各种不同材料的交替使用,尽量避免体裁和内容的单一。另外,不同性别对同一种内容的兴趣也不一样,这也是教师必须引起重视的。为了提高学生对英语的兴趣,教师还可从网上下载一些笑话和幽默故事,贴在教室的贴报栏里,让学生课前课后随时阅读,这一方面可以增强学生的阅读兴趣,另一方面也可让学生得到片刻的放松和休息。总之,要随时关注学生的兴趣所在,了解他们的热点问题。这样,不仅可以扩大学生的知识面,而且可以极大地提高学生的阅读兴趣,激发他们的求知欲望,从而有效地提高学生的阅读能力和语言的整体素质。 (二)教给学生阅读技能,帮助扫除阅读障碍 这里先介绍一些常用的有效的阅读技巧: 1.略读法是快速阅读中的一种方法,通常又称为浏览。略读的关键是在能抓住文章要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅读,主要目的是获得足够的信息以便准确地回答有关文章主旨和大意的问题。利用略读法做阅读时,要特别注意文章首尾两段,因为文章的第一段往往点明文章的主题,或中心思想,或作者的意图,而文章的最后一段则常常总结归纳或重述文章的主要内容。 2. 查阅法考生从文段中获得所需的具体信息,可以不需要阅读整篇文章,而只需找出可能包含所需信息的部分,然后加以阅读就行,这种方法就是查阅法。查阅法主要是获得具体的信息,回答具体的问题,即测试中的细节问题,它常常Who,What,When,Where,Why和How有关,有时跟具体的数字如长度、宽度、高度、距离、大小、尺寸等有联系。考生在使用查阅法时,应该注意文章的结构和顺序排列,文章的结构有的是按时间顺序排列,有的是按空间顺序排列,有的是按逻辑顺序排列。弄清楚文章的排列顺序能帮助考生在阅读和回答问题时做到高效省时,准确无误。 3. 根据上下文判断词义法. 考生应该有意识地积累英语单词,没有一定量的英语单词作基础和保障,英语的听、说、读、写、译等各项技能都无从谈起。考生可以根据“词不离句”的原则,把一个生词放在具体的句子语境中记忆。 4. 判断推理法.运用以上方法学生已经能做出好多题,但是在答题的时候,考生有时会发现所给的四个题项中,有不止一个选项可以作为答案项,这时就应该意识到该题是一个判断推理题了。 在答题时,考生一旦发现有一个看似正确的选项,就立即把它作为正确答案的备选项,这是不明智的,正确的方法是再看一看其他选项中还有没有更完备的答案。如果有别备选答案的话,就要根据文章的主旨和作者的意图,选择比较,去伪存真,做出深层理解和全面分析,进行合理的推理和判断,选出切合文章主旨和作者意图的最佳答案。 总之,只要我们在教学中掌握学生心理特点,循序渐进,一步一个脚印,定出计划和要求,坚持大量的阅读训练,就能提高学生阅读英语的兴趣,不断提高学生的阅读速度和技能,从而提高阅读能力。