翻译话题词汇：社会发展类
一、课堂词汇
全国人民代表大会 National People’s Congress (NPC)
中国人民政治协商会议 Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) 政府工作报告 Report on the Work of the Government
1. 中国外交
奉行独立自主的和平外交政策 pursue independent foreign policy of peace
坚持走和平发展道路 adhere to the path of peaceful development
维护世界和平 maintain world peace
促进共同发展 promote common development
和平共处五项原则 Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence
对外开放（政策） (the policy of) opening to the outside world
中国特色大国外交 great-power diplomacy with Chinese characteristics 和平 peace
发展 development
合作 cooperation
共赢 mutual benefit
构建人类命运共同体 build a community with a shared future for humanity
全球治理体系变革 reform in the global governance system
公正、合理的国际秩序 a fair and reasonable international order
主动参与国际组织事务 actively get involved in international organization affairs
反恐 anti-terrorism / counterterrorism
重大自然灾害 major natural disasters
环保 environmental conservation
多边外交 multilateral diplomacy
联合国系列峰会 a series of United Nations summits
巴黎气候变化大会 Paris Climate Change Conference
达沃斯世界经济论坛年会 annual meeting of the World Economic Forum in Davos 东亚合作领导人系列会议 a series of Leaders’ Meetings on East Asia Cooperation 主场外交 home diplomacy
一带一路国际合作高峰论坛 the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation 亚太经合组织领导人非正式会议 the APEC (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation) Economic Leaders’ Meeting
二十国集团领导人杭州峰会 the G20 (Group of Twenty) 2016 Summit in Hangzhou 金砖国家领导人厦门会晤 the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) Summit in Xiamen
全方位、多层次、立体化的外交布局
diplomatic agenda in a comprehensive, multilevel, multifaceted way
营造良好的外部条件 create a favourable external environment
同国际社会的互联互动空前紧密 be so interconnected with the international community 国家软实力 national soft power; soft power of a nation
国际话语权 power of discourse in international politics
国际地位 international status / standing / position
国际影响力 international influence / influential power
开放、包容、自信的负责任大国形象
image of an open, inclusive, confident, responsible power
2. 中国经贸
经贸 economy and foreign trade
保持快速、稳定的增长势头 maintain fast and steady growth momentum
全球金融危机的爆发 the outbreak of the global financial crisis
对世界经济增长的贡献 contribution to the world economic growth
积极的财政政策 proactive fiscal policy
稳健的货币政策 prudent monetary policy
宏观经济调控 macroeconomic regulation and control
国内生产总值 gross domestic product (GDP)
人均可支配收入 per capita disposable income
城镇新增就业人数 the number of new jobs added / created in urban areas
失业率 the rate of unemployment
规模以上工业企业利润 profits of industrial enterprises above designated size
公共财政收入 public financial revenue
货物贸易进出口总值 the total value of trade in goods (imports and exports)
开放型经济 open economy
倡导和推动共建“一带一路” advance the Belt and Road Initiative
发起创办亚洲基础设施投资银行（亚投行）
initiate the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB)
成立丝路基金 set up the Silk Road Fund
促进贸易和投资自由化、便利化
promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation
自由贸易 free / unrestricted trade
跨境电商 cross-border e-commerce
利用外资 utilize foreign capital
对外投资 invest in foreign countries
推进经济全球化 promote economic globalization
反对贸易保护主义 oppose trade protectionism
通过平等协商解决贸易争端 settle trade disputes through equal consultation 签订自由贸易协定 sign a free trade agreement
亚太自贸区 Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific
东亚经济共同体 East Asian Economic Community
国际货币基金组织 International Monetary Fund (IMF)
特别提款权货币篮子 Special Drawing Rights (SDR)
人民币国际化 the internationalization of RMB
对外开放的扩大 open wider to the outside world
促进自身的发展 promote China’s own development
给世界带来机遇 bring opportunities to the world
转变发展方式 transform the growth mode
优化经济结构 optimize the economic structure
转换增长动力 foster new drivers for growth
新兴产业 emerging industry
传统产业 traditional industry
消费、投资、出口 consumption, investment and exports
三次产业 three industries
农业 agriculture
工业 industry
服务业 service sector
供给侧结构性改革 supply-side structural reform
制度变革 institutional reform
结构优化 structural improvement
产业升级 industrial upgrade
3. 中国科技
科技 science and technology
新四大发明 New Four Great Inventions
高铁 high-speed rail
扫码支付 mobile payment
共享单车 bicycle sharing
网购 online shopping
高水平科技创新 high-level technological innovation
政府的大力支持 vigorous support by the government
创新型国家 innovation-oriented country
科技革命 revolution in science and technology
产业变革 industrial transformation
创新驱动发展战略 innovation-driven development strategy
基础研究 basic research
应用基础研究 application-oriented basic research
国家实验室 national laboratory
实施重大科技项目 implement / carry out major technology projects
科研院所、高校与企业 research institutes, colleges and enterprises
创新成果的转化和应用 commercial application of innovation achievements 大众创业、万众创新 mass entrepreneurship and innovation
自主创新 independent innovation
国际竞争力 international competitiveness
创新型企业 innovation-oriented enterprise
人工智能 artificial intelligence
互联网＋ the Internet Plus initiative
智能产业 intelligent industry
智能生活 smart life
数字中国 digital China
深海探测 deep-water exploration
量子通信 quantum communications
大飞机 large aircraft
电子商务 e-commerce
移动互联支付 mobile payment
共享经济 sharing economy
重塑经济增长格局 reshape China’s growth model
创新发展 innovation-driven development
生物技术 biotechnology
城镇化 urbanization
工业化 industrialization
人口老龄化 population ageing
食品安全 food safety
新型药物 new drugs
作物新品种 new crop varieties
人口健康 population health
科技的日新月异 advances in science and technology
提升社会生产效率 boost social productivity
日常生活更加便利 make our daily life more convenient
4. 中国环保
治理环境污染 control / curb environmental pollution
生态环境保护 ecological environmental protection
节能减排 energy conservation and emission reduction
优化能源结构 optimize the energy mix
传统化石燃料 traditional fossil fuel
煤炭 coal
石油 petroleum
天然气 natural gas
清洁能源 clean energy
太阳能 solar energy
风能 wind energy
核能 nuclear energy
减少温室气体排放 reduce greenhouse gas emission
全球变暖 global warming; the warming of the planet
大气污染 air pollution
细颗粒物 PM 2.5 (particulate matter smaller than 2.5 micrometers)
平均浓度 average concentration
水污染防治 water pollution prevention and control
化肥农药 chemical fertilizers and pesticides
保持零增长 maintain zero-rate growth
生态保护 ecological protection
修复工程 restoration projects
退耕还林 turn marginal farmland into forests
植树造林 afforestation
土地沙漠化 land desertification
水土流失 soil erosion
5. 中国民生
内政 domestic affairs
民生 people’s livelihood
教育 education
就业 employment
科教兴国战略 the strategy of rejuvenating China through science and education 教育优先发展 prioritize the development of education
公平而有质量的教育 fair and high-quality education
财政性教育经费 public spending on education
学前教育 preschool education
高中阶段教育 senior secondary education
高等教育 higher education
世界一流大学 world-class university
世界一流学科 world-class discipline
职业教育 vocational education
民族教育 ethnic minority education
特殊教育 special education
继续教育 further / continuing education
网络教育 online education
师资队伍 faculty; teaching staff
师德师风 teachers’ virtue / ethics
义务教育 compulsory education
办学条件 conditions of running a school
乡村教师 rural teachers
改革考试招生制度 reform the examination and enrollment system
重点高校 key university
农村和贫困地区学生 students from rural and poor areas
资助家庭困难学生 offer financial aids to students from financially-challenged families 降低农村学生辍学率 reduce drop-out rate of rural students
公共就业服务 public employment services
职业技能培训 vocational skill training
以创业带动就业 job creation through entrepreneurship
人力资源 human resources
技术工人 technical worker
高技能人才 highly skilled personnel
海外留学人员 overseas Chinese students
援助就业困难人员 assist people having difficulty in finding jobs
扩大农民工就业 expand employment for rural migrant workers
治理拖欠工资问题 resolve the problem of late salary payment
消除性别和身份歧视 eliminate gender and status discrimination
二、补充词汇
1. 中国外交
互相尊重主权和领土完整 mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity 互不侵犯 mutual non-aggression
互不干涉内政 non-interference in each other’s internal affairs
平等互利 equality and mutual benefit
和平共处 peaceful coexistence
军备竞赛 arms race
军事扩张 military expansion
霸权主义 hegemonism
强权政治 power politics
国际性和地区性问题 international and regional issues
国际恐怖主义 international terrorism
人权 human rights
人类生存和发展 human survival and development
和平稳定的国际环境 peaceful and stable international environment
睦邻友好的周边环境 good neighbourly environment
国际关系 international relations
国际事务 international affairs
国际政治经济新秩序 new international political and economic order
求同存异 seek common ground while putting aside differences
不可逆转／抗拒的趋势 irreversible / irresistible trend
机遇和挑战 opportunities and challenges
冷战思维 the Cold War mentality
南北对话 North-South dialogue
南南合作 South-South cooperation
建设性战略伙伴关系 constructive strategic partnership
2. 中国经贸
经济衰退 economic recession
综合国力 comprehensive national strength
国民生产总值 gross national product (GNP)
国民经济 national economy
成熟发达经济体 mature developed economy
发展中经济体 developing economy
欠发达经济体 underdeveloped economy
外向／出口导向型经济 export-oriented economy
计划经济 planned economy
市场／商品经济 market / commodity economy
生产力 productivity; productive force
加快深化改革进程 accelerate and deepen the reform process
经济结构调整 economic restructuring
产业优化升级 industrial optimization and upgrading
调整产业结构 adjust the industrial structure
扩大内需 expand domestic demand
招商引资 attract investment (from overseas)
吸引海外投资者 attract foreign / overseas investors
振兴经济 revitalize / invigorate / rejuvenate the economy
达到小康水平 achieve comparative prosperity
财政赤字 deficit
通货膨胀／紧缩 inflation; deflation
货币升值／贬值 currency appreciation / devaluation
经济杠杆 economic leverage
科技创新 scientific and technological innovation
消除贫困 wipe out / eliminate / eradicate poverty
跨国公司 multinational / transnational corporation
国有企业 state-owned enterprise (SOE)
私营企业 privately-run enterprise
合资企业 joint venture
大中型企业 large and medium-sized enterprise
中小型企业 small and medium-sized enterprise
小微企业 small and micro-sized enterprise
外商投资企业 foreign funded / invested enterprise
公司并购 corporate merger and acquisition (M&A)
工业增加值 industrial added value
知识产权 intellectual property
房地产税 real estate tax
战略性新兴产业 emerging industry of strategic importance
战略性新兴产业 strategic pillar industry
高新技术产业 high-tech industry
支柱产业 pillar industry
农、林、牧、渔业 farming, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery 现代化建设 modernization drive / construction
基础设施建设 infrastructure construction
城乡建设 urban and rural construction
技术转让 technology transfer; transfer of technology
消费者购买力 consumer buying / purchasing power
双赢战略／合作 win-win strategy / cooperation
改革开放政策 the reform and opening-up policy
浮动汇率机制 floating exchange rate mechanism
外汇管理体制 foreign exchange management system
西部大开发战略 the strategy of China’s Western Development “引进来”战略 the strategy of “bringing in”
“走出去”战略 the strategy of “going global”
反倾销 anti-dumping
反补贴 anti-subsidy
贸易战 trade war
最惠国待遇 most favoured nation (MFN) treatment
世界贸易组织 World Trade Organization (WTO)
贸易冲突和摩擦 trade conflicts and frictions
关税／非关税壁垒 tariff / non-tariff barrier
贸易伙伴 trade partner
市场供求 market supply and demand
供过于求 supply exceeding demand
供不应求 demand exceeding supply
外汇储备 foreign exchange reserves
贸易顺／逆差 trade surplus / deficit
3. 中国环保
环境恶化 environmental degradation / deterioration
生态平衡 ecological balance
自然保护区 nature reserve
二氧化碳 carbon dioxide
汽车尾气排放 motor vehicle exhaust
高耗能产业 energy-intensive industry
零排放车辆 zero-emission vehicle
可再生能源 renewable resources
不可再生能源 non-renewable resources
环保产品 environment-friendly product
一次性产品 disposable product
能源短缺 energy shortage
濒临灭绝 be on the verge of extinction
濒危物种 endangered species
稀有物种 rare species
受威胁物种 threatened species
森林覆盖率 forest coverage rate
改善土壤 soil improvement
热带雨林 tropical rainforest
原始森林 primitive forest
乱砍滥伐 deforestation
生物多样性 biological diversity
水灾 flood
旱灾 drought
地震 earthquake
沙尘暴 sand storm
冰川退缩 glacial recession
过度放牧 overgrazing
过度耕种 over farming
过度捕鱼 overfishing
过度砍伐 overcutting
4. 中国民生
初等教育 primary / elementary education 中等教育 secondary education
中等后教育 post-secondary education
大学教育 college / university education 成人教育 adult education
远程教育 distance education / learning 应试教育 examination-oriented education 素质教育 quality-oriented education
道德教育 moral education
文科 liberal arts
理工科 science and engineering
高等学府 institution of higher education 科学研究 scientific research
教育质量 education quality
教育体制 educational system
教学设施 teaching facilities
多媒体教学 multimedia teaching
全面发展 all-round development
综合素质 comprehensive quality
创新精神 spirit of innovation
独立思考 independent thinking
问题解决能力 problem-solving ability
传授知识 impart knowledge
高考 college entrance examination
学费 tuition fee
奖学金 scholarship
助学金 student grant / grant-in-aid
学生贷款 student loan
社会保障体系 social security system
下岗工人再就业 re-employment of laid-off workers
剩余农村劳动力 surplus rural labour
社会养老保险制度 social old-age pension scheme
基本医疗保险制度 basic health insurance plan
社会救助制度 social assistance system
预期寿命 life expectancy
低保人员 people on subsistence allowances
特困人员 people living in extreme poverty
5. 十九大、两会热词
中华民族伟大复兴 the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation 中国梦 the Chinese Dream
社会主义核心价值观 socialist core values
“两个一百年”奋斗目标 the Two Centenary Goals
中国制造2025 Made in China 2025
“双一流”大学建设 “Double First-Class” University Plan
工匠精神 craftsmanship spirit
“中国天眼” China’s Eye of Heaven (FAST)
国产航母 domestically built aircraft carrier
国产客机 homemade passenger jet
可燃冰 combustible ice
量子卫星“墨子号” quantum satellite “Micius”
北斗卫星导航系统 Beidou navigation system
重型运载火箭 heavy-lift carrier rocket
沪港通 Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect
深港通 Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect
扫脸支付 face scan payment
二维码支付 two-dimensional barcode payment
人工智能 artificial intelligence (AI)
虚拟现实 virtual reality (VR)
增强现实 augmented reality (AR)
互联网金融 Internet / online finance
低碳城市 low-carbon city
自媒体 We-Media
实名认证 real-name authentication
精准扶贫 targeted poverty alleviation / reduction
利益共同体 community of shared interests
小康社会 a moderately prosperous society
营改增 replace business tax with value added tax (VAT)
双引擎 twin engines
增加公共产品、公共服务供给 greater supplies of public goods and services 经济发展新常态 new normal of economic development
增强获得感 gain a stronger sense of benefit
形式主义 formalism
官僚主义 bureaucratism
享乐主义 hedonism
奢靡之风 extravagance
创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的发展理念
the vision of innovative, coordinated, green, open and inclusive development 经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设、生态文明建设
economic, political, cultural, social and ecological progress
丝绸之路经济带 the Silk Road Economic Belt
21世纪海上丝绸之路 the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road
丝路精神 the Silk Road spirit
和平合作 peace and cooperation
开放包容 openness and inclusiveness
互学互鉴 mutual learning
互利共赢 mutual benefit
政策沟通 policy consultation
设施联通 infrastructure connectivity
贸易畅通 trade promotion
资金融通 financial cooperation
民心相通 people-to-people exchanges
共商 extensive consultation
共建 joint contribution
共享 shared benefits
雄安新区 Xiong’an New Area
京津冀一体化 Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration
京津冀协同发展 coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region 长江经济带 the Yangtze (River) Economic Belt
粤港澳大湾区 the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area
新型国际关系 a new type of international relations
专利翻译常用术语和词汇 在进行专利翻译时，有很多专利常用的专业术语是我们不熟悉的。今天，乐译通就为大家总结了专利翻译常用的术语和词汇，希望对那些从事专利翻译的小伙伴能够有所帮助。 一、专利翻译常用术语 apparatus 装置 claim n.权利要求, vt, 主张/要求 claims the benefit of .. 要求……的权益 figure 附图/图 embodiment 实施例 implementation实现，别跟embodiement弄混； description 说明书 inventor 发明人 application 申请 (专利申请) means 装置/方式/手段 feature 特征 solution 方案，而非“解决方案”，有时可译作“技术方案（technical solution）”； and/or 和/或 prior art 现有技术 subject matter主题 term 术语priority 优先权 (relevant) skilled in the art 所属领域技术人员 Provisional Application 临时申请 Commonly assigned 共同受让的 二、专利翻译常用词汇 one or more，考虑翻译为“一个或多个”，而不是“一个或更多”;
various 翻译成“多种”可能比“各种”要好； 有些词的含义比较相似，但在翻译的时候，最好将其区分出来，以尽可能体现原文的信息量，这种区分在词义上可能意义不大，但在语义上还是有意义的，例如： 1、apparatus, means, device, equipment, facility, tool，对于这些词，可以选择下列的对应译文：器械，装置，设备，装备，机构，工具 2、memory, storage 存储器/存储设备 3、process, procedure,function, method 过程/进程，过程，函数/功能/方法，方法 4、time, interval, time interval, period, duration, cycle，如果这些词同时出现，在译文中需要体现出差别 5、estimate“估计”可能是比“估算”更好的 6、location, position, coordinate, place 地点，位置，坐标，地方 7、execute, perform, run, process 执行，表演/表现，运行，处理 8、power, energy, power source 功率，能量，功率源 9、direction, orentation 方向，朝向 10、part, section, partition 部分，段，分区 11、several, multiple, plural, a number of,some 若干，多个，复数个，大量，一些 12、read, read out 如果原文加以区分，译文也建议加以区分 13、architecture, structure, struct 架构/体系结构，结构 14、disk, optical disk, hard disk, magnetic disk 磁盘，光盘，硬盘 15、assignment, allocation, assign, allocate 分配，指派 16、schedule, arrange 调度，安排 17、diagram, figure, plot, illustration, chart, table 图表 18、feature, character 特点，特征 19、Include 包括，Comprise of 由...组成，分别对应开放式与封闭式定义 20、Part，(no)零部件，(yes)部件/零件，“零部件”是2个词，而Part是一个词，翻译时要准确对应
网络流行语翻译大全 Document serial number【KKGB-LBS98YT-BS8CB-BSUT-BST108】
网络流行语翻译大全：卖萌小清新英文逐个 说 网络流行语翻译大全：卖萌小清新英文逐个说：“坑爹”、“伤不起”、“吐槽”均是时下年轻人经常挂在嘴边的新鲜词。这些词无论生命力多强，都给我们的语汇带来一丝喜感，给我们的生活带来一份轻松。此外，这些流行语(如“富二代”、“剩女”)往往反应了许多现实的社会问题，是对这些问题凝练的调侃。 “坑爹”、“伤不起”、“吐槽”均是时下年轻人经常挂在嘴边的新鲜词。这些词无论生命力多强，都给我们的语汇带来一丝喜感，给我们的生活带来一份轻松。此外，这些流行语(如“富二代”、“剩女”)往往反应了许多现实的社会问题，是对这些问题凝练的调侃。 高中生可以通过熟悉这些新鲜词来让自己想起一些社会现象、社会事件，并将它们作为事例佐证自己的作文。哲学家维特根斯坦(LudwigWittgenstein)曾说：“我语言的极限就是我世界的极限。我所知道的东西仅是我可以用语言表述的。”(Thelimitsofmylan－guagearethelimitsofmyworld.AllIknowiswhatIhavewordsfor。)因此，当学生们常常抱怨举例困难时，不妨用这其中部分现成而短小精悍的词来提示自己，那么作文举例会变得左右逢源。 笔者罗列了近年来活跃于青少年唇间的中文新鲜词40例，并提供了它们的英语说法。这些译文有些来自权威英语媒体如《中国日报》、《上海日报》，有些来自于笔者对众多网络翻译的精心筛选，其余则是笔者自己的翻译如“纠结”、“忐忑”、“淡定”等。可以说，与其看着学生草率地将这些中文流行词翻译成英文并运用于作文中，还不如尊重他们的选择，并将标准的讲法告知他们。由于笔者水平有限，译文中有不妥之处，欢迎读者朋友不吝指正。 中文英文 1.神马都是浮云It’sallfleetingcloud。 2.山寨fake,counterfeit,copycat 3.宅男Otaku(“homebody”inEnglish)；geek 4.被雷倒(到)了inshock 5.纠结ambivalent 6.忐忑anxious 7.悲催atear-inducingmisery 8.坑爹thereverseofone’sexpectation
一、组装、冲压、喷漆等专业词汇 Assembly line组装线 Layout布置图 Conveyer流水线物料板 Rivet table拉钉机 Rivet gun拉钉枪 Screw driver起子 Electric screw driver电动起子Pneumatic screw driver气动起子worktable 工作桌 OOBA开箱检查 fit together组装在一起 fasten锁紧(螺丝) fixture 夹具(治具) pallet栈板 barcode条码 barcode scanner条码扫描器 fuse together熔合 fuse machine热熔机 repair修理 operator作业员 QC品管 supervisor 课长 ME制造工程师 MT制造生技 cosmetic inspect外观检查 inner parts inspect内部检查 thumb screw大头螺丝 lbs. inch镑、英寸 EMI gasket导电条 front plate前板 rear plate后板 chassis 基座 bezel panel面板 power button电源按键 reset button重置键 Hi-pot test of SPS高源高压测试 V oltage switch of SPS 电源电压接拉键 sheet metal parts 冲件 plastic parts塑胶件 SOP制造作业程序 material check list物料检查表 work cell工作间 trolley台车 carton纸箱 sub-line支线 left fork叉车QC Section品管科 stamping factory冲压厂 painting factory烤漆厂 molding factory成型厂 common equipment常用设备 uncoiler and straightener整平机 punching machine 冲床 robot机械手 hydraulic machine油压机 lathe车床 planer |'plein |刨床 miller铣床 grinder磨床 driller??床 linear cutting线切割 electrical sparkle电火花 welder电焊机 staker=reviting machine铆合机 position职务 president董事长 general manager总经理 special assistant manager特助 factory director厂长 department director部长 deputy manager | =vice manager副理 section supervisor课长 deputy section supervisor =vice section superisor副课长 group leader/supervisor组长 line supervisor线长 assistant manager助理 to move, to carry, to handle搬运 be put in storage入库 pack packing包装 to apply oil擦油 to file burr 锉毛刺 final inspection终检 to connect material接料 to reverse material 翻料 wet station沾湿台 Tiana天那水 cleaning cloth抹布 to load material上料 to unload material卸料 to return material/stock to退料 scraped |'skr?pid|报废 scrape ..v.刮;削 deficient purchase来料不良 manufacture procedure制程 deficient manufacturing procedure制程 不良 oxidation |' ksi'dei n|氧化 scratch刮伤 dents压痕 defective upsiding down抽芽不良 defective to staking铆合不良 embedded lump镶块 feeding is not in place送料不到位 stamping-missing漏冲 production capacity生产力 education and training教育与训练 proposal improvement提案改善 spare parts=buffer备件 forklift叉车 trailer=long vehicle拖板车 compound die合模 die locker锁模器 pressure plate=plate pinch压板 bolt螺栓 name of a department部门名称 administration/general affairs dept总务 部 automatic screwdriver电动启子 thickness gauge厚薄规 gauge(or jig)治具 power wire电源线 buzzle蜂鸣器 defective product label不良标签 identifying sheet list标示单 screwdriver holder起子插座 pedal踩踏板 stopper阻挡器 flow board流水板 hydraulic handjack油压板车 forklift叉车 pallet栈板 glove(s)手套 glove(s) with exposed fingers割手套 thumb大拇指 forefinger食指 midfinger中指 ring finger无名指 little finger小指 band-aid创可贴 iudustrial alcohol工业酒精 alcohol container沾湿台 head of screwdriver起子头 sweeper扫把 mop拖把 vaccum cleaner吸尘器 rag 抹布 garbage container灰箕
微博Microblog,山寨copycat,异地恋long-distance relationship 剩女3S lady(single,seventies,stuck/left girls,熟女cougar (源自电影Cougar Club,裸婚naked wedding,炫富flaunt wealth,团购group buying,人肉搜索flesh search,潮人:trendsetter,发烧友:fancier,骨感美女:boney beauty 卡奴:card slave,下午茶 high tea,愤青young cynic,性感妈妈yummy mummy,亚健康sub-health,灵魂伴侣soul mate,小白脸toy boy,精神出轨soul infidelity,钻石王老五diamond bachelor,时尚达人fashion icon,御宅otaku,橙色预警orange signal warning,预约券reservation ticket,上相的,上镜头的photogenic,80后: 80's generation,百搭:all-match,限时抢购:flash sale,合租: flat-share,荧光纹身:glow tattoo,泡泡袜:loose socks,裸妆: nude look,黄牛票:scalped ticket,扫货:shopping spree,烟熏妆: smokey-eye make-up,水货:smuggled goods,纳米技术: nanotechnology 正妹hotty,对某人念念不忘get the hots for,草莓族Strawberry generation,草根总统grassroots president笨手笨脚have two left feet,拼车car-pooling,解除好友关系unfriend v. ;暴走go ballistic,海外代购overseas purchasing,跳槽jump ship 闪婚flash marriage,闪电约会speeddating,闪电恋爱whirlwind romance 刻不容缓,紧要关头 crunch time,乐活族LOHAS(Lifestyle Of Health And Sustainability一夜情one-night stand 偶像派idol type,脑残体leetspeak,挑食者picky-eater,伪球迷fake fans 狂热的gaga eg: I was gaga over his deep blue eyes when I first set eyes on him 防暑降温补贴high temperature subsidy,奉子成婚shotgun marriage 婚前性行为premarital sex,开博 to open a blog,房奴车奴mortgage slave 上课开小差zone out,万事通know-it-all,赌球soccer gambling,桑拿天sauna weather,假发票fake invoice,二房东middleman landlord,笑料 laughing stock,泰国香米
第一章 考研翻译基础知识 一翻译的定义 二翻译的标准和翻译的方法 三翻译的基本过程 四考研翻译的核心解题策略 第二章翻译技巧：词法翻译法 一词义选择和词义引申 二词性转换 三增词法 四省略法 第三章翻译技巧：句法翻译法 一名词性从句的翻译 二定语从句的翻译 三状语从句的翻译 四被动结构的翻译 第一讲翻译的定义 翻译是一门语言的艺术，是语言之间的转换，是在准确理解的基础上用一种语言来忠实的表达另外一种语言。 考研翻译简介 （一）考研翻译考查内容和形式 根据全国硕士研究生统一考试英语考试大纲规定，考研翻译“主要考查考生准确理解内容或结构复杂的英语材料的能力。要求考生阅读一篇约400词的文章，并将其中5个划线部分（约150词）译成汉语，要求译文准确、完整、通顺。考生在答题卡2上作答。”以2007年考研翻译题为例，考生在试卷上阅读的是一篇完整的文章，翻译的是5个划线部分。如： （二）考研翻译的评分标准 根据大纲规定，考研翻译的评分标准如下： 5个小题，每题2分，共10分。 ·如果句子译文明显扭曲原文意义，该句得分最多不超过0.5分。 ·如果考生就一个题目提供了两个或两个以上的译法，若均正确，给分；如果其中一个译法有错，按错误译法评分。 ·中文错别字不个别扣分，按整篇累计扣分。在不影响意思的前提下，满三个错别字扣0.5分，无0.25扣分。 （三）考研翻译今年考题特点和内容 根据对大纲和最近十几年来考研翻译已经考过的真题的分析，我们发现考研翻译具有如下明显的特点。 首先，考研翻译的短文内容大多是涉及当前人们普遍关注的社会生活、政治、经济、历史、文化、哲学、心理和科普方面的题材。其体裁基本上是议论文。如： 1990年：人的性格和行为分析 1991年：能源与农业
翻译常用词汇 高枕无忧resting without worries 史无前例unprecedented in the history 不可一世a conquering hero 毫不示弱equally firmly 量体裁衣to act according to actual circumstances 一刀两断to cut it clean 与虎谋皮to ask a tiger for its skin 六亲不认to disown all one’s relatives and fri ends 英雄本色the true quality of a hero 英雄所见略同Great minds think alike. 每逢佳节倍思亲On festive occasions more than ever we think of our dear ones faraway. 上有好，下必有其焉。What the superior loves, his inferiors will be found to love exceedingly.大江东去，浪淘尽，千古风流人物。The Great River flows to the east: Its waves have washed away all the men of untrammeled spirit of a thousand ages. 上兵伐谋，其次伐交。What is supremely important in war is to attack the enemy’s strategy. Next best is to disrupt his alliances. 问君能有几多愁，恰似一江春水向东流。I wonder how many sorrows you have. They are exactly like the Yangtze River unceasingly flowing eastward in spring. 千呼万唤始出来，犹抱琵琶半遮面。Only after a thousand entreaties does she appear. Her face half hidden behind the guitar (pipa) in her arms. 吃得苦中苦，方为人上人。Only if you can stand the hardest of hardships can you hope to rise in society. 是非经过不知难You never know how hard a task is almost until you have done it yourself. 满招损Pride goes before a fall. / Pride spells failure. 适可而止Bind the sack before it be full. 好汉做事好汉当A true man has the courage to accept the consequences of his own actions.知己知彼，百战不殆。To know one’s and the enemy’s situation ensures victory. 牵扯之覆，后车之鉴。The overturned car ahead is a warning to the ones behind. 山雨欲来风满楼The wind sweeping through the tower heralds a rising storm in the mountains. 是故学然后知不足，教然后之困。Therefore, to learn makes us realize our deficiency, and to teach makes us know the difficulties. 人尽其才、地尽其利、物尽其利、货畅其流。Our human, land and material resources should be used to the best advantage, and our goods should be in good circulation. 父母有抚养教育未成年子女的义务，成年子女有赡养扶助父母的义务。Parents have the duty to rear and education their children who are minors, and children who have come of age have the duty to support and assist their parents. 中华人民共和国公民有劳动的权利和义务。Citizens of the P eople’s Republic of China have the right as well as the duty of work. 各民族公民都有用本民族语言文字进行诉讼的权利。Citizens of all nationalities have the right to use the spoken and written languages of their own nationalities in court proceedings.
网络流行语大全及翻译一、汉字谐音 人不叫人,叫----淫 我不叫我,叫----偶 年轻人不叫年轻人,叫----小P孩 蟑螂不叫蟑螂,叫----小强 什么不叫什么,叫----虾米 不要不叫不要,叫----表 喜欢不叫喜欢,叫----稀饭 这样子不叫这样子,叫----酱紫 好不叫好,叫----强 强不叫强,叫----弓虽 纸牌游戏不叫纸牌游戏,叫----杀人 被无数蚊子咬了不叫被无数蚊子咬了,叫----~~~新蚊连啵~~~ 毛片不叫毛片,叫----av 追女孩不叫追女孩,叫----把MM 看MM不叫看MM,叫----鉴定 好看不叫好看,叫----养眼 兴奋不叫兴奋,叫----high xx不叫xx,叫----日 吃喝不叫吃喝,叫----腐败 请人吃饭不叫请客,叫----反腐败 看不懂不叫看不懂，叫--晕 不满不叫不满，叫--靠 见面不叫见面，叫--聚会 有钱佬不叫有钱佬，叫--VIP 提意见不叫提意见，叫--拍砖 支持不叫支持，叫--顶 强烈支持不叫强烈支持，叫--狂顶
不忠不叫不忠，叫--外遇 追女孩不叫追女孩，叫--泡妞 吃不叫吃，叫--撮 羡慕不叫羡慕，叫--流口水 乐一乐不叫乐一乐，叫--happy 跳舞不叫跳舞，叫--蹦的 东西不叫东西，叫--东东 别人请吃饭不叫请吃饭，叫--饭局 特兴奋不叫特兴奋，叫--至high 有本事不叫有本事，叫--有料 倒霉不叫倒霉，叫--衰 单身女人不叫单身女人，叫--小资 单身男人不叫单身男人，叫--钻石王老五 网上丑女不叫丑女－－叫恐龙 网上丑男不叫丑男－－叫青蛙 网上高手不叫高手－－叫大虾 网上低手不叫低手－－叫菜鸟 看帖不叫看帖——叫瞧瞧去 不错不叫不错叫8错 祝你快乐不叫祝你快乐.........叫猪你快乐 不要不叫不要——叫表 二、数字谐音 4242：是啊是啊 7456：气死我了 748：去死吧 886，88：再见 847：别生气 987：就不去，就不去 55555：哭 771：亲亲你
㈠《Shawshank Redemption肖申克的救赎》 1.You know some birds are not meant to be caged, their feathers are just too bright. 你知道，有些鸟儿是注定不会被关在牢笼里的，它们的每一片羽毛都闪耀着自由的光辉。 2.There is something inside ,that they can't get to , that they can't touch. That's yours. 那是一种内在的东西, 他们到达不了,也无法触及的,那是你的。 3.Hope is a good thing and maybe the best of things. And no good thing ever dies. 希望是一个好东西,也许是最好的,好东西是不会消亡的。 ㈡《Forrest Gump 阿甘正传》 1.Life was like a box of chocolates, you never know what you're gonna get. 生命就像一盒巧克力，结果往往出人意料。 2.Stupid is as stupid does. 蠢人做蠢事(傻人有傻福)。 3.Miracles happen every day. 奇迹每天都在发生。 4.Jenny and I was like peas and carrots. 我和珍妮形影不离。
5.Have you given any thought to your future? 你有没有为将来打算过呢。 6．You just stay away from me please. 求你离开我。 7．If you are ever in trouble, don't try to be brave, just run, just run away. 你若遇上麻烦，不要逞强，你就跑，远远跑开。 8．It made me look like a duck in water. 它让我如鱼得水。 9．Death is just a part of life, something we're all destined to do. 死亡是生命的一部分，是我们注定要做的一件事。 10．I was messed up for a long time. 这些年我一塌糊涂。 11．I don't know if we each have a destiny, or if we're all just floating around accidentally―like on a breeze. 我不懂我们是否有着各自的命运，还是只是到处随风飘荡。 ㈢《The Lion King狮子王》
常考成语及表达 1．不胫而走come apace 2. 虚有其表more apparent than real 3. 井蛙之见 a myopic/narrow-minded view/outlook/attitude 4. 开诚布公put one’s cards on the table 5. 防患于未然nip the problem in the bud before it gets out of hand 6. 自作自受deserve what one gets 7. 陶冶情操cultivate one’s mind 8. 满面春风look radiant 9. 步步高升straight up the ladder 10. 含情脉脉gaze amorously into one’s eyes 11. 引起共鸣evoke an echo 12. 判若两人 a reformed character 13. 轩然大波arouse/create a big sensation/stir 14. 不敢苟同part company with somebody 15. 如日中天on the crest of a wave 16. 物以稀为贵rarity is a key to value 17. 背水一战fight fiercely 18. 如出一辙be precisely the same 19. 斤斤计较nickel and dime somebody 20. 自食其果let somebody stew his own juice; face the music 21. 一意孤行be perverse 22. 以儆效尤be a deterrent to others 23. 踌躇满志in one’s glory 24. 改弦易辙pull a switch 25. 崭露头角blossom very early in life 26. 水火不容be at daggers drawn with 27. 恰到好处be done to perfection 28. 付诸东流go down the drain 29. 急功近利be only interested in a quick profit 30. 有备无患preparedness averts peril 31. 脱颖而出come to the fore 32. 一炮走红click with something /rocket to one’s fame 33. 虚张声势have more form than substance 34. 叹为观止be fascinating to watch 35. 妙趣横生be a riot 36. 饱经沧桑be no stranger to misfortune 37. 五十步笑百步the pot calls the kettle black 38. 如坐针毡be on tenterhooks 39. 欢天喜地be filled joy; in high spirits 40. 大惊小怪much ado about nothing; make a fuss about nothing 41. 鸦雀无声be utterly quiet; be in absolute silence 42. 安分守己know one’s place and mind one’s own business
六级翻译词汇经济篇： 宏观经济macro economy 社会主义市场经济socialist market economy 知识经济knowledge economy 网络经济Internet-based economy 经济规律law of economy 大规模生产mass production 生产力productive forces 生产关系relations of production 公有制public ownership 私有制private ownership 国有企业state-owned enterprises (SOEs) 私营企业private business 民营企业privately-run business 中小企业small and medium enterprises (SMEs) 连锁企业franchise / chain business 国民生产总值Gross National Product (GNP) 国内生产总值Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
实际增长率growth rate in real terms 年均增长率average growth rate per annum 可持续增长sustainable growth 经济效益economic returns 投资回报率rate of return on investment 衰退recession 宏观调控macro control 提高经济效益enhance economic performance 扭亏为盈turn a loss-making business into a profitable one 优化经济结构optimize economic structure 扩大内需expand domestic demand 国计民生national interest and people’s livelihood 经济特区special economic zones “十二五规划“ the 12th Five-Year Plan for National and Economic and Social Development 风险投资venture investment 经济繁荣economic boom
1. 要么忍，要么残忍 Either bear or be brutal like a bear. 2. 誓言只是一时的失言。 Oath is just a temporary a slip of the tongue。 3. 既宅又腐，前途未卜。 Being indoor and corrupt makes our future uncertain. 4. 最初不相识，最终不相认。\ In the beginning, we don not know each other; in the end, we can not recognize each other. 5. 等待你的关心，等到我关上了心。 I wait for your heart until I close my heart. 6. 我本有心向明月，奈何明月照沟渠。 My heart is open for moon, but it shines on canals. 7. 人生没有彩排，每天都是现场直播。 Life has no rehearsal; every day is a live show. 8. 帅有个屁用!到头来还不是被卒吃掉! It is no use being handsome! It will be eaten by a sudden death in the end. 9. 过去的事情可以不忘记，但一定要放下。 We may be able to forget the old thing, but we should put it away. 10. 世界上难以自拔的，除了牙齿，还有爱情。 One can not help himself falling in love as he can not help himself to touch his nose with his own mouth. 11. 即使是不成熟的尝试，也胜于胎死腹中的策略。 Even an immature try is better than a dead plan. 12. 这个年头找到真爱的机率和被雷劈的机率差不多。 The percentage is so slim to find the true love. 13. 魅力的代表人物：康师傅。每天都有成千上万的人泡它。 The most popular man is Face Book (the name of somebody) because there are
新东方唐静翻译笔记整理版 转载自:https://www.doczj.com/doc/ad12535762.html,/viewthread.php?tid=129509 考研翻译：a. 弄清什么是翻译（理论、教学、实践）/（translation、interpretation、交传、simultaneously interpretation）b. 怎么做翻译 1. 考研翻译中英汉语语言特点 1）形合与意合2）繁复与简短 3）被动与主动少用被字4）抽象与具体根据汉语习惯增加表示范畴和概念的词来解释具体 Evolution:进化find 发现(成果、结果) tension:缓解中东的紧张（形势、局面）must(必去的地方/景点)past(过去的情况、现象、景象) 2. 考研翻译的题型、题型特点、考试内容和评分标准 1）考研翻译的题型 2）考研翻译的题型特点划线句子是长难句，一般35词 3）考研翻译的考试内容 （1）考察专有名词（人名、地名、国家名称、术语98年big bang 大爆炸理论常识性）、词组（inflationary universe theory宇宙膨胀理论operational research expert运筹学专家）多义词（school学派life生命生活熟词生义set:集合offend:排污超标）生词（2）考察一般性翻译技巧：a)词义选择：分析词根词缀multimedia determinism(决定论)、分析上下文、根据汉语习惯搭配来翻译、寻找汉语同义词翻译aspect问题elegant 完善的，完美的 b)词序调整：中英文词序不对等 c)词性转换：介词换动词，名词换动词（emphasis） d)生词法 (3)考察具体句型的翻译步骤和方法：定语状语宾语主语表语同位语并列比较倒装插入强调被动否定形式主语there be 4）考研翻译的评分标准：分段给分微观评分综合扣分 3. 考研翻译解题中的常见问题（只可意会不可言传、表达不清）和应对策略 理解的关键在于理解英语的语法结构；表达的关键在于用汉语习惯来调整和翻译4. 考研翻译的步骤、标准和方法(严复：信、达、雅) 标准：准确、通顺、完整 步骤：通读全句，准确理解 分析成分，划分意群 选择词义，贴切表达 适当调整，书写译文 One difficulty is that almost all of what is called behavioral science continues to trace behavior to states of mind（心理状态）, feelings, traits of character(性格特征), human nature, and so on.一个困难在于几乎所有（全部）所谓的行为科学——一个困难在于所谓的行为科学几乎全部根据心理状态、情感、性格特征、人性等来寻找行为的根源——to: According to—— Trace to: find the original thing according to sth. The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a little more than a hundred years ago, and the selective role of the environment in shaping and maintaining the
设计类英语词汇翻译汇总 冰冻三尺，非一日之寒，词汇积累也是，下面是设计类英语词汇翻译汇总，为大家提供参考。 1 设计 Design 2 现代设计 Modern Design 3 工艺美术设计 Craft Design 4 工业设计 Industrial Design 5 广义工业设计 Generalized Industrial Design 6 狭义工业设计 Narrow Industrial Design 7 产品设计 Product Design 8 传播设计 Communication Design 8 环境设计 Environmental Design 9 商业设计Comercial Design 10 建筑设计 Architectural 11 一维设计 One-dimension Design 12 二维设计 Tow-dimension Design 13 三维设计 Three-dimension Design 14 四维设计 Four-dimension Design 15 装饰、装潢 Decoration 16 家具设计 Furniture Design 17 玩具设计 Toy Design
18 室内设计 Interior Design 19 服装设计 Costume Design 20 包装设计ackaging Design 21 展示设计 Display Design 22 城市规划 UrbanDesgin 23生活环境 Living Environment 24 都市景观 Townscape 25 田园都市 Gardon City 26 办公室风致 Office Landscape 27 设计方法论 Design Methodology 28 设计语言 Design Language 29 设计条件 Design Condition 30 结构设计 Structure Design 31 形式设计 Form Design 32 设计过程 Design Process 33 构思设计 Concept Design 34 量产设计，工艺设计 Technological Design 35 改型设计 Model Change 36 设计调查 Design Survey 37 事前调查 Prior Survey 38 动态调查 Dynamic Survey 39 超小型设计 Compact type
中国历史 四大文明古国之一：one of the four ancient civilizations 人类文明史：the history of human civilization 源远流长/历史悠久：to have a long history; with a long history 朝代：dynasty 古都：ancient capital 随着时间的推移：as time goes by 远古时代：ancient times 原始社会：primitive society 春秋时期：the Spring and Autumn Period 战国：the Warring States 封建社会：feudal society 皇帝，君主：emperor; monarch 历史遗留问题：a question left over from history/the past 在战争中损毁：to be ruined in wars 抵抗侵略：to resist the invasion 五四运动：the May 4th Movement of 1919 在……世纪初：at the beginning of … century 迄今为止：up till now 追溯到：to date/trace back to 来源于：to derive/stem from; to originate from/in 发祥地：birthplace 兴起于……，兴盛于……：to emerge in … and prosper in … 保存最完好的：best-preserved 原址：original site 国家博物馆：national museum 皇帝统治时期：a period of emperor reign 诸侯国：kingdom 勤政爱民：to be diligent and love one’s people 退位：to give up the throne 帝王宫殿：imperial palace 以……命名：to be named after … 历史人物：historic figure 阳历：solar calendar 阴历：lunar calendar 天干：heavenly stem 地支：earthly branch 闰年：leap year