初中英语情态动词知识点及经典练习题
情态动词知识点总结：
（一）情态动词的定义
情态动词表示说话人对动作的态度，比如：需要，可能，意愿，猜测或者怀疑等等。（二）情态动词的特点
1）有一定词义；
2）不受主语人称和数的变化影响；
3）与主要动词的原形（或称不带to的不定式）一起构成谓语（除ought to作固定词组看待）。
4）否定句中，在情态动词后面加not。
（三）情态动词有：must, shall, should, had better 词形无变化
can(could), may(might), will(would) 词形有变化
need既可以是情态动词，也可以是实义动词，具有双重性。
（四）情态动词的基本用法
1. can (could)
1）表示会做某事，有能力做某事。意思 = be able to 其否定式can’t表示“不能”。在过去时中用could和couldn’t.（即有种能力，尤其是生来具备的能力，此时may和must 均不可代替它）。
He can speak English, but he can’t speak Japanese.
= He is able to speak English, but he isn’t able to speak Japanese.
I could smile but I couldn’t speak when I was 2 months old.
= I was able to smile but I wan s’t able to speak when I was 2 months old.
区别：1、 can只用于现在时和过去时(could), be able to 可用于各种时态。
They will be able to tell you the news soon.
2、be able to 不与can连用，但可以和其他情态动词或助动词连用。
He may be able to speak English very well some day in the future.
3、用在过去时中，could经常表示能够做某事，事实上不一定去做，而was∕were able to则表示“过去做成了某事”。在否定句中两者可通用。
2）用于征求意见
——Can /Could /May /Might I(we) do sth?
——Yes, you can/may. / Of course you can.
——No(Sorry), you can’t. /mustn’t.
注意：①此处的could和might都不表示过去，只是语气上的委婉，不用作回答。
②否定回答中，表示对他人造成一定伤害或影响，或表示违反了某种规定或法律时，
用must n’t较好。
e.g. ——Could I take the book out of the library? ——Sorry, you mustn’t.
——May I smoke here? ——I’m afraid you mustn’t.
③表示过去能力时，could 提问，只能用could回答。
e.g. ——Could you ride a bike when you were 4 years old? ——No, I couldn’t. 3）表提出意见或请求
Can/Could you (please) do sth? = Would you (please) do sth? （此句型中some 不变any）
e.g. Could you please give me a hand?
Would you please pass me some salt?
4）表示允许或承诺 =may
e.g. OK. You can /may come and find me at any time tomorrow.
5）表示有一定把握的推测，用于否定句和疑问句。此时can’t译为“不可能”肯定句用must。表示没有把握的推测，用may /might。
e.g. —— The window is broken. Who did it?
—— It may be Mary.
—— It can’t be Mary. The window is in the men’s toilet.
—— Can it be anyone else?
—— Then, it must be Bob. I saw him go into the toilet just now.
He can’t (couldn’t) have enough money for a new car. 他不可能有足够的钱买新车。
【例题】—I think Miss Gao must be in the library. She said she would go there.—No. She __be there, I have just been there. A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.wouldn’t 【解析】根据下文“我刚去过那儿”可知，应为“不可能”，can’t表示推测[答案] A
2. may (might)
may 表示“可以，可能”，否定形式may not，表示“不可以”。
1）表示没有把握的推测，“可能，也许”。可以指过去时间，也可以指现在时间，但语气更加不肯定。
e.g. He may have a lot of work to do. = Maybe he has a lot of work to do.
You may be right. = Maybe you are right.
2）表示请求“我可以……吗？”表示请求、许可，比can正式
e.g. You may /can go now.
——May I use your pen?
——Yes, you may. / Yes, please. / Go ahead.
——No, you can’t. / mustn’t.
在回答以may引起的问句时，多避免用这个词，而用其它方式，如Yes, please. / Certainly. / Please don’t ./ You’d better not. / No, you mustn’t.等，以免显得太严峻或不客气。
3）、表示希望、祈求、祝愿，常可译为“祝愿”。通常是用may +主+V例如：May you have a good time.祝你过得愉快。May you be happy!祝你幸福！May you succeed！祝你成功！
3. must
must 表示“必须，肯定，一定”，否定形式mustn’t = must not表示“禁止”。
1）表示必须，意思同have to
e.g. ——Must I do it now?
——Yes, you must.
——No, you don’t have to. / No, you needn’t. (注意：否定回答不用mustn’t) Children mustn’t play on the road because it’s too dangerous. (mustn’t只表“禁止”)
He doesn’t have to go away from here.
=He needn’t leave here.
区别：①must表达主观意愿的“必须”，have to表达客观上或按道理说“不得不”。
e.g. I must study hard.
It’s too late. I have to go now.
②must 没有人称和时态的变化，而have to有。
e.g. He had to walk back home because he lost all his money.
Mom will be away for a week, so we will have to do the cooking by ourselves. 2）表示有把握的肯定句中的推测，“肯定，一定”，只用于肯定句。
He must be ill. He looks so pale. 他准是病了。他的脸色苍白。
注意其反意问句的构成形式：
当must表示肯定的判断、推测时，其反意疑问句要用实际问句的助动词来构成。如：She must have seen the film before，hasn’t she?(注意反意疑问句的后半部分)
You must have met uncle Wang in the shop yesterday，didn’t you? (注意反意疑问句的后半部分)
4.need
need 表示“需要”，否定形式needn’t = need not “不必、不需要”
1)、作情态动词，仅用于否定句和疑问句。
e.g. He needn’t go home early yesterday. = He didn’t need/have to go home early yesterday.
Need I call him right now? ——Yes, you must.(注意：肯定回答不用need)
——No, you needn’t. /No, you don’t have to.
2）、作实义动词，此时有人称、数和时态的变化，如果是人作主语后边多接动词不定式：need sth./sb.
need to do sth. 否定形式don’t need to = don’t have to 表示“不必”
e.g. I need some help.
He needed to go home early yesterday.
Do I need to call him right now? ——Yes, you do. / ——No, you don’t.
如果是物作主语，一般用need doing与need to be done这种情况下应注意两点：
①.主动形式的动名词doing具有被动的含义；②.该动名词可以改为其动词不定式的被动形式而句子的意义不变。例如：. The door needs painting. = The door needs to be painted.那扇门需要油漆一下。Your car needs mending. = Your car needs to be repaired.你的车需要维修了。
3）、 need 作名词
be in (great) need of sth = need sth (badly) “非常需要某物”
meet the need “满足需要（需求）”
there is/was no need (for sb) to do sth “某人没必要做某事”
5. dare的用法：
dare意为“敢、敢于”,用法近似于need，有两种词性：
（1）dare作为情态动词，多用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中，无第三人称单数形式，只有一般现在时和一般过去时。如：Dare he tell them what he knows?他敢告诉他们所知道的情况吗？I daren’t ask her – will you do it for me?我可不敢问她，你能帮我问问吗？（2）dare作为实义动词，此时有人称、数及时态的变化。如：He doesn’t dare to break his promise.他不敢食言。
注意：在口语中，dare的各种形式常与不带to的不定式连用。如：Do you dare tell her what I said?
你敢告诉她我说的话吗？I didn’t dare look at him.我不敢看他
归纳：need和dare的用法
1、need和dare既可用作情态动词，也可用作实义动词。用作情态动词时，通常不用于肯定句而主要用于否定句和疑问句。用作实义动词时，可用于各种句式。
2、其他用法：I dare say…为固定习语，不是“我敢说”而是“我想”。
I dare day he’ll come again.我想他会再来的。
Needn’t have done:表示本没必要做而做了
6. shall的用法：
1）表征询意见，用于第一、第三人称疑问句。
Shall I get some tea? 我给你点茶好吗？
Shall the boy wait outside? 让那男孩在外面等吗？
2）表说话人的意愿，有“命令、允诺、警告、决心”等意思，用于第二、第三人称陈述句。You shall do as I say. 按我说的做。（命令）
You shall have my answer tomorrow. 你明天可以得到我的答复。（允诺）
He shall be sorry for it one day, I tell you. 有一天他会后悔的，我告诉你。（警告）
Nothing shall stop us from carrying out the plan. 什么也不能阻止我们执行这项计划。（决心）
归纳：在英语中，我们可以用其他多种方式提出我们的建议或征求对方意见。
(1).用“Let's do...”来提出建议。如：Let's go for a walk after supper.
(2).用“What/How about...?”来提出建议；about后接名词或动词ing形式。如：What about/How about a drink? What about/How about taking Tom with us?
(3).用“Why not...?”来提出建议，表示“何不……”not面后接动词原形。“Why not...?”实际上是“Why don't you/we...?”的简略形式。如：Why not meet at the school gate at eight? Why don't we stay here another day?
(4).用“Would you like...?”来提出建议，意思是“你想要……吗?”Would you like后可接名词或不定式。如：Would you like a cup of tea? Would you like to go and see her?
因此，如果我们说：“去游泳好吗?”英语中可有这样几种表达法：Shall we go for a swim? Let's go for a swim，shall we? What about/How about going swimming? Why not go for a swim? Would you like to go for a swim? What do you think of going for a swim?
6、 will的用法
1）、表意愿，用于各种人称陈述句。“愿意”
I will do anything for you. 我愿为你做任何事。
2）、表请求，用于疑问句。
Will you close the window? It’s a bit cold.请你把窗户关上好吗？有点冷。Won’t you drink some more coffee?再来一点咖啡好吗？
注意：
1、will在there be句型中的形式及其句式变换。
由于“一般将来时”的结构可以用“will+动词原形”来表示，所以there be句型的一般将来时的形式就是there will be。（一定不能说there will have）例如：There are many
students in our school.→There will be many students in our school. The re will be
a sports meeting next week.一定不能说：There will have a sports meeting next week.
2、will与be going to do something区别：
①. be going to表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情，will表示的将来时间则较远一些，如：He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day.
②. be going to表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。He is seriously ill. He is going to die. He will be twenty years old. ③. be going to含有“计划，准备”的意思，而will则没有这个意思，如：She is going to lend us her book.
He will be here in half an hour.
④.在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用be going to,而多用will,如：If any beasts comes at you, I'll stay with you and help you.
7. should的用法
1）、表义务。意为“应该”（某件事宜于做），用于各种人称。否定形式 should n’t = should not表示“不应该”
You should be polite to your teachers. 你对老师应该有礼貌。
2）、表推测，意为“想必一定、照说应该、估计”等。
The film should be very good as it is starring first-class actors.
这部新电影是一流演员主演的，估计拍得很好。
They should be home by now. 照说他们现在应当已经到家了。
8.would的用法
1）表意愿
I said I would do anything for you. 我说过我愿意为你做任何事。
2）表委婉地提出请求、建议或看法。
常见句型：①表请求Would you please do…? ——OK…. / Sorry, ….
②Would you like sth? ——Yes, please. / No, thanks.
Would you like to do sth? ——I’d love to.
——I’d love to, but….
(注意：以上句型中，some不变any)
9. ought to
1）表义务，意为“应该”（因责任、义务等该做），口气比should稍重。
You oughtn’t to smoke so much. 你不应该抽这么多烟。
2）表推测，暗含很大的可能，语气较弱。
There’s a fine sunset; it ought to be a fine day tomorrow.今天有晚霞，明天应该是个好天。
10、used to
表示过去的习惯动作或状态，现在不复发生或存在。疑问式和否定式有两种。
I usedn’t (didn’t use) to smoke.我过去不抽烟。
Used you (Did you use) to go to school on foot? 你过去常步行去学校吗？
11、had better do表示“最好是做……”，否定形式 had better not do
e.g. You’d better not drink so much coffee.
区别：I t’s better for you to do more exercise and not to have so much junk foo
归纳：一、不同情态动词的否定意义也不同：
1.（1）.can’t可译为“不会”，如：I can’t play basketball.我不会打篮球。
（2）当句子表推测时，用can’t表达不可能，如：He can’t be ill. He is playing chess with Tom.他不可能病了，他正和Tom下棋呢。
（3）can’t还可用来回答“ May I …? ”这样的问句。如：May I come in ? 我可以进来吗？No, you mustn’t. / can’t.不，你不能。
（4）can’t还可用于固定习语中。can’t help doing禁不住，情不自禁
can’t wait to do something迫不及待地要做…
如：She can’t help crying.她不禁大哭起来。
The children can’t wait to open the box.孩子们迫不及待地想打开盒子。
2. may的否定式为may not，译成“可能不”，如：He may not be at home.他也许不在家。
3.（1）mustn’t表示不许，不可。如：He mustn’t leave his room.他不许离开他的房间。You mustn’t talk in class.你们不可以在课上说话。
(2) mustn’t也可用于以may表示要求时的否定回答中。如：—May I stand here? 我可以站在这里吗？—No, you mustn’t (can’t).不，不行。
4.（1）needn’t意为“不必”。如：You needn’t meet him unless you’d like to.你不需要见他，除非你愿意。
（2）needn’t + have+动词的过去分词，表没必要做而做了的动作，暗含时间或精力上的浪费。如：You needn’t have bought it.你没必要买它（但你却买了）。
5. shouldn’t表示不应该。如：You shouldn’t feel so unhappy over such little things.对于这种小事，你不应该感到这么不高兴。
二、含有情态动词的疑问句的回答:
1.对may引出的问句，可以有下列回答方式：Yes,you may. Yes, of course. Yes, certainly. Sure .
No, you mustn’t. No, you can’t.
2.对must引出的疑问句，回答方式为：Yes, …must. No,… needn’t/ don’t have to.
3.could在疑问句中，表示委婉的语气，此时could没有过去式的意思。
如:Could you do me a favour?你能帮我个忙吗？—Could I use your pen?我能用一下你的钢笔吗?—Yes, you can.可以。（注意回答）
4. shall引出的疑问句用于第一人称，表示征求对方意见或客气的请求。其回答方式有以下几种：
Yes, please. All right. No, thank you.
5.would you…的回答方式有以下几种：Yes, I will. (No, I won’t.)Sure . (I’m sorry ,
I can’t.)All right/ OK/ With pleasure. Certainly. (No, thank you .) Yes, please.
【例题】—Would you do me a favour and pass on my thanks to Lily?—________.
A.That’s right
B.With pleasure
C.It doesn’t matter
D.No trouble
【解析】A.意为“对了”，B.意为“乐意效劳”, C.意为“没关系” D.意为“不费事”。答案：B
三、:情态动词表示推测的用法:
1、“情态动词+动词原形”表示对现在的推测。
1）、can表示推测时一般用于否定句或疑问句。如：That man can＇t be her husbandshe is still single.
Who is knocking at the door? Can it be the postman?
2）、must表示肯定的推测，一般用于肯定句中。如：He must be in his office now.Mr Li must be working now，for the lights in his office are still on.
3）、might表示推测时不一定是may的过去时，只是表示其可能性较小。如：The man may be the headmaster.
—Where is Mr Li?—He might be working in his office. —May Mr Li come?—He might not come here.
4）、Could表示推测时，语气can比要弱，说话者留有余地。如：—Could it be an animal?—It could not be，because it is not moving.
5）、Should表示推测的可能性比较大，仅比must的可能性小一点。如：It is already 10 o’clock now they should be there.
2、情态动词表示对过去可能发生的动作或存在过的动作的推测性用法。
1）、“must +have done/been------”表示“过去一定发生过某事或存在过某种状态”，不用于“musn’t+have-----”形式。如：She must have seen the film before，hasn’t she?(注意反意疑问句的后半部分)
You must have met uncle Wang in the shop yesterday，didn’t you? (注意反意疑问句的后半部分)
2）、“should +have done /been-------”表示“本应当做某事，而实际上并没有做”；
“shouldn’t+完成式”表示“本来不应当做，而实际上却做了”。以上结构常带有说话者的责备的感情色彩。如：You should have finished your homework earlier (but in fact you did not finish it on time).
You shouldn’t have gone to bed when you woke up at five (but in fact you went to bed again then).
3）、“needn’t+完成式”表示“本来没有必要做某事，而实际上却做了”。如：There was plenty of time. She needn＇t have hurried .
4）、“can’t /couldn’t+have done /been-------”表示“过去不可能发生了某事或存在过某种状态”。如：
I saw him just now. He can’t have gone to Japan.
She said the man couldn’t have stolen her car.
5）、“could+have done/been-------”表示“过去本来能够，可以做某事或成为某种状态，而实际上没有”，说话者有些遗憾。
“could sb. have done /been-------？”是它的问句形式。如：You could have stayed with the Smiths while you were in New York (but in fact you stayed in a nearby hotel .) Could Mr Li have helped this girl student?
6）、“may/might+完成式”表示“过去可能，本来可以于某事而实际上没有干”，might的可能性较小，语气较弱。如：He may have finished reading the book. She might have given you some help，however bus she was.
拓展：
情态动词后跟进行式，表示“想必正在……”，“可能正在……”，“应当正在”等意。
It’s twelve o’clock. They must having lunch.现在是十二点。他们一定正在吃饭。
They may be discussing problem. 他们可能正在论讨这个问题。
He can’t be telling the truth.他说的不可能是真话。
She shouldn’t be working like that. She’s still so weak.她不应当那样干，她身体仍那么虚。
情态动词易混点归纳
易混点一: can和be able to:
两者表示能力时用法相同，但can只有原形“can”和过去式“could”两种形式，在其他时态中要用be able to来表示。另外be able to常常指经过努力，花费了时间和劳力之后才能做到某事。
易混点二:can和may
1. can和may均可用来征求意见或许可，意为“可以”，一般可互换使用。如：Can/ May I help you ? 我能帮助你吗？
2. can和may表示可能性时的区别：
1)在肯定句中用might，may，must，不用can
2)在疑问句中表示推测用can，不用might，may，must
3)在否定句中用can’t（不可能），不用may，must。如：She may be in the classroom .她可能在教室里。Where can they be now?他们现在可能在哪儿？That can’t be true.那不可能是真的。
易混点三: may be和maybe
用法区别常用位置
may be may为情态动词，be为动词原形句中，作谓语
maybe 副词，大概、也许，相当于perhaps 句首，作状语
例如：He may be wrong , but I’m not sure.也许他错了，但我也不确定。
易混点四：can’t和mustn’t
1. can’t根据其基本用法可译为：
（1）不会。如：I can’t speak English .我不会说英语。
（2）不能。如：We can’t do it now because it’s too dark.天太黑了，我们现在干不了。
（3）否定句中表示推测。“不可能”，如：The man can’t be our teacher because he is much younger than our teacher..那个人不可能是咱们老师，他年轻得多。
2. mustn’t意为“禁止、不许”，用来表达命令，表示强烈的语气。如：You mustn’t play football in the street. It’s too dangerous.你不可以在街上踢足球，太危险了。
易混点五：must和have to
1.must侧重于个人意志和主观上的必要。have to侧重于客观上的必要，可用于现在时、过去时和将来时。
2. have to可以用于多种时态；而must只用于一般现在或将来。如：The composition is due to hand in this morning, so I had to finish it last night.作文今天早晨到期，因此我不得不昨天晚上完成。
易混点六: used to do / be used to doing / be used to do…/be used for doing sth used to do表示过去常常发生的动作，强调过去，只用于过去，注意用to do，不用doing 形式；
be used to doing意为“习惯做…”，be可有各种时态；
be used to do意为“……被使用去做……,”为被动语态形式。
be used for doing sth“用作……”如：My father used to eating meat.我父亲过去起床晚，但现在不得不早起了。She is used to eating meat.她习惯吃肉。He wasn’t used to eating in a restaurant.他不习惯在饭店吃饭。A knife can be used for cutting things.(刀可以用来割东西)/ A knife can be used to cut things.(刀可以用来割东西) 经典练习题：
1. I __________ you, because I I must be wrong.
A. dare not ask
B. dare not
C. dare not asking
D. dare to not ask
2. There __________ some flowers in the garden.
A. were used to be
B. used to be
C. uses to be
D. used to be having
3. "__________ I take it out?" "I'm sorry, you __________."
A. Could ...couldn't
B. Might...might not
C. Could...can
D. May...can't
4. You were stupid to climb tree. You __________ hurt yourself.
A. may didn't you ?
A. should post
B. should have posted
C. must have posted
D. ought to post.
6. All the lights are on, miths __________ up.
A. must get
B. is getting
C. must be getting
D. would get
7. He __________ lead a but he __________ not make it drink.
A. will...can
B. may...can
C. may...dares
D. dare...can
8. "Need we do this job now?" "Yes, __________."
A. you need
B. you should
C. you must
D. you can
9. __________ to have lunch with us today?
A. Do you likes
B. Would you like
C. Will you liked
D. Have you liked
10. He said that you __________ watch TV all the evening if you wished.
A. may
B. must
C. can
D. might
11. -Is John coming by train? --He should, but he __________ not. He likes driving his car.
A. must
B. can
C. need
D. may
12. Peter __________ come with us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.
A. must
B. can
C. may
D. will
13. Michael __________ be a policeman, for he's much too short.
A. needn't
B. can't
C. shouldn't
D. won't
14. I thought you __________ be hungry, so I have brought you some cakes.
A. may
B. might
C. can
D. could
15. I wonder how he __________ that to the teacher.
A. dare to say
B. dare saying
C. not dare say
D. dared say
16. Come on! We __________ hurry because there isn't much time left.
A. may
B. must
C. can
D. need
17. Amy did best in the English test. She __________ hard last week.
A. must have working
B. should have worked
C. should work
D. must work
18. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone __________ get out.
A. had to
B. would
C. could
D. was able to
19. ---I stayed at a hotel while in New York. ---Oh, did you? You __________ with Barbara.
A. could have stayed
B. could stay
C. would stay
D. must have stayed
20. It's nearly seven o'clock. Jack __________ be here at any moment.
A. must
B. need
C. should
D. can
答案：
1.A
2.B
3.D
4.D
5.B
6.C
7.B
8.C
9.B10.D11.D12.C13.B14.B15.D16.B17.A18.D19.A20.C
( )1 John___ come to see us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet. A. may B. can C. has to D. Must 2 They ___ do well in the exam. A. can be able to B. be able to C. can able to D. are able to 3 —May I take this book out? —No, you___. A. can't B. may not C. needn't D. aren't 4 You___ go and see a doctor at once because you're got a fever. A. can B. must C. dare D. would 5 —Can you speak Japanese? —No, I____. A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. may not 1. – He___ be in the classroom, I think —No, he ___ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago. A. can; may not B. must; may not C. may; can't D. may; mustn't 2 —Shall I get one more cake for you, Dad? —Thanks, but you___, I've had enough. A. may not B. must not C. can't D. needn't 3 Even the top students in our class can't work out this problem, so it be very difficult. A. may B. must C. can D. need 4 He isn't at school. I think he ___ be ill. A. can B. shall C. must D. has to 5 ___ I take this one? A. May B. Will C. Are D. Do 1 The children___ play football on the road. A. can't B. can C. mustn't D. must 2 You ___ be late for school again next time. A. mustn't B. needn't C. don't have to D. don't need to 3 —Must I do my homework at once? —No, you___. A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't D. may not 1 His arm is all right. He___ go and see the doctor. A. has not to B. don't have to C. haven't to D. doesn't have to 2 He had to give up the plan, ___ he? A. did B. didn't C. does D. doesn't 3 They had to walk here, ___ they? A. mustn't B. did C. didn't D. hadn't 1 He had better stay here, ___ he? A. doesn't B. don't C. hadn't D. isn't 2 You'd better___late next time. A. not to be B. not be C. won't be D. don't be 3 You'd better ___ your hair ___ once a month. A. had; cut B. had; cutted C. have; cut D. have; cutted 4 You___ ask that man over there. Maybe he knows the way. A. had better not to B. had not better C. had better D. had better not 1 —Shall we go and visit the History Museum next Sunday? —________ A. Here you are B. Sorry, I can't C. Yes, please D. Let me try 2 —Why don't you ask Mike to go with us? —Thanks, ___. A. I will B. I won't C. lean D. I may 3 —___ I take the newspaper away? —No, you mustn't. You____read it only here. A. Must; can B. May; can C. Need; must D. Must; must 1 Excuse me. ___ you please pass me that cup? A.Do B. Should C. Would D. Must 2 ___ you like to have another try? A. Could B. Will C. Would D. Do 3 —Would you like to go boating with us? —Yes, ___. A. I'd like B. I want C. I'd like to D. I do 1 You___ worry about your son. He will get well soon. A. needn't B. can't C. mustn't D. have to 2 The poor man needs our help, ___ he? A. need B. needn't C. does D. doesn't 3 —Must we do our homework first? —No, you___. You may have a rest first. A. mustn't B. needn't C. may not D. can't 1. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I _______ for her. A. had to write it out B. must have written it out C. should have written it out D. ought to write it out 2. —There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well. —It _______ a comfortable journey. A. can’t be B. shouldn’t be C. mustn’t have been D. couldn’t have been 3. It’s nearly seven o’clock. Jack _______ be here at any moment. A. must B. Need C. should D. can 4. Johnny, you _______ play with the knife, you _______ hurt yourself.
练习题1 I．用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. We often___________(play) in the playgound. 2. He _________(get) up at six o’clock. 3. __________you _________(brush) your teeth every morning. 4. What (do) he usually (do) after school? 5. Danny __________ (study) English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art an school. 6. Mike sometimes __________(go) to the park with his sister. 7. At eight at night, she __________(watch) TV with his parents. 8. ________ Mike________(read) English every day? 9. How many lessons _________your classmate________(have) on Monday? 10. What time _________his mother_________(do) the housework? 11. Mike __________(like) cooking. 12. They ______(have) the same hobby. 13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully. 14. You always__________ (do) your homework well. 15. I __________(be) ill. I’m staying in bed. 16. She __________ (go) to school from Monday to Friday. 17. Liu Tao __________ (do) not like PE. 18. The child often __________ (watch) TV in the evening. 19. Su Hai and Su Yang __________ (have) eight lessons this term. 20. －What day __________ (be) it today? －It’s Saturday. 21. He often _______(have) dinner at home. 22. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One. 23. We _________(not watch) TV on Monday. 24. Nick _________(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 25. They ＿＿＿＿＿(like) the World Cup? 26. What they often ＿＿＿＿(do) on Saturdays? 27. Your parents ＿＿＿＿＿(read) newspapers every day? 28. The girl ＿＿＿＿(teach) us English on Sundays. 29. She and I ＿＿＿＿＿(take) a walk together every evening. 30. There ＿＿＿＿(be) some water in the bottle. 31.What time_________ his father_________(do) the work? 32.He _________(get) up at five o’clock. 33.__________ you _________(brush) your teeth every morning. 34.What ________ ( do ) he usually ________( do ) after school? 35.Tom ________ ( study ) English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at school. 36. Kitty sometimes __________(go) to the park with his sister. 37.At eight at night, she __________( watch ) TV with her parents. 38. ________ Mike________( read ) English every day? 39.How many lessons________ your classmates______( have ) on Monday? 40.We often___________ ( play ) football in the playground. II．选择 () 1. _____ you have a book? A. Do B. Are C. Is D. Have ()2. They _________ on a farm. A. working B. is work C. work D. is worked () 3. Does Peter like to watch TV? __________. A. Yes, he like B. No, he doesn’t C. Yes, he’d like D. No, he likes ()4. She doesn’t __________ her homework in the afternoon. A. doing B. to do C. does D. do ()5. How ____________ Mr. Brown ___________ to America? A. do,go B. is,go C. does,go D. does,goes ()6. Where’s my camera? I____________ it. A. am not finding B. am not seeing C. can’t find D. can’t look at ()7. How ___________ he go to work? He ___________ to work by bike. A. does ;go B. do;goes C. do ;go D. does;goes ()8. ______ you usually late for school? No, _____________. A. Do ; I am B. Does ;not C. Are ; I’m not D. Are ; I aren’t ()9. _____ she _____ home at six every day? A. Is , leave B. Does , leave C. Is , leaves D. Does , left ()10. Mr. Yang ____________ English this term. A. teaches our B. teaches us C. teachs us D. teach our ()11. He can ______ Chinese and English. A. speak. B. speaks . C. tell. D. say ()12.Do you want _______with actors? A.work . B.works . C. to work. D working ()13.A nurse usually_______a white uniform. A. wear . B.wearing. C.wears. D to wear ()14. _____you from Japan? A. Are B. Do. C. Does D.Is ()15.What language do you_______? A. say B.talk C.tell . D speak
初中英语动词知识点：动态动词与静态动词 根据词义特点，动词可分为动态动词和静态动词。动态动词主要指动作动词，而静态动词则主要指表示情感、内心活动、感觉、相互关系等的动词： He wrote some letters. 他写了一些信。(write 为动态动词) The girls are dancing. 女孩子们在跳舞。(dance 为动态动词) I think he is honest. 我认为他是诚实的。(think 和is均为静态动词) Everyone likes her. 人人都喜欢她。(like 为静态动词) 有的动词既可用作静态动词也可用作动态动词，只是含义不同： He has a lot of friends. 他有许多朋友。(have为静态动词) He is having supper. 他在吃晚饭。(have为动态动词) 实义动词与非实义动词 根据其含义和句子功用，动词可分为实义动词和非实义动词(包括时态助动词和情态助动词等)。如： He bought a story book. 他买了一本故事书。(buy 为实义动词) He has read the story book. 他已读过这本故事书。(has 为时态助动词，read为实意动词) He should read the story book. 他应该读读这本故事书。(should 为情态助动词,red为实义动词) 初中英语动词知识点：及物动词与不及物动词 根据其后是否带宾语，动词可分为及物动词(带宾语)和不及物动词(不带宾语)。如： When will he arrive? 他什么时候到？(arrive 不带宾语，为不及物动词) He reached Beijing yesterday. 他昨天到达北京。(reach 带了宾语，为及物动词) 有的动词既可用作及物动词也可用作不及物动词： The child is playing. 这小孩在玩。（不及物用法） The child is playing the piano. 这小孩在弹钢琴。（及物用法） He is writing. 他在写字。（不及物用法） He is writing a letter. 他在写信。（及物用法） The boy is reading. 这男孩在阅读。（不及物用法）The boy is reading a magazine. 这男孩在看杂志。（及物用法） 初中英语动词知识点：谓语动词与非谓语动词 根据其是否能用作谓语，动词可分为谓语动词和非谓语动词。谓语动词在句中可用作谓语，而非谓语动词则不用作谓语(但可用作主语、宾语、补语、状语、定语等)。非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词、分词三种：He lives in Shanghai. 他住在上海。(live 为谓语动词) I want to go home. 我想回家。(want 为谓语动词，to go 为非谓语动词) He enjoyed watching TV. 他喜欢看电视。(enjoy为谓语动词，watching为非谓语动词) He had his hair cut. 他理发了。(had 为谓语动词，cut 为非谓语动词) 初中英语知识点：动词的分类及基本形式 英语动词的分类及基本形式 动词的分类 表示动作中状态的词叫做动词。根据其在句中的功能，动词可分为行为动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词四类，有些动词是兼类词。如： We have lunch at 12. 我们12点吃午饭。(have是行为动词) We have been to New York. 我们去过纽约。(have是助动词) W I am hungry. 我饿了。(am是连系动词) She was beaten on the way home. 她在回家的路上被人打了。(was是助动词) You needn’t have waited for me. 你本来不必等我。(need 是情态动词) The door needs painting. 这个门需要油漆了。(needs及物动词) 动词的基本形式 绝大多数动词都有五种基本形式：动词原形、一般现在时第三人称单数、过去式、过去分词和现在分词。 A. 第三人称单数形式的构成 一般现在时主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词后要加s或es，其变化规则与名词变复数的方法大体相同： 1. 一般情况下只在动词后加s，如work—works, write —writes。 2. 以s, x, sh, ch结尾的动词，后加es，如guess—guesses, mix—mix, finish—finishes, catch—catches。 3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，改y为ies，如study —studies。 注：不规则变化的有have—has, be—is, go—goes, do—does等。 B. 现在分词的构成 1. 一般情况下在动词后加ing，如study—studying, work —working。 2. 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e再加ing， 如write—writing, move—moving。 3. 以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读音节结尾的 动词，要双写末尾一个辅音字母，再加ing，如get—getting, begin—beginning。 4. 以ie结尾的名词，一般将ie改为y，再加ing，如lie —lying, die—dying, tie—tying。 注：(A) 以l结尾的动词，尾音节重读时，双写l，如 1
情态动词专项练习 一．选择题 1.It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it be rather cold sometimes. A.must B. can C. should D. would 2.You be hungry already ----- you had lunch only two hours ago! A.wouldn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t 3 ----- What do you think we can do for our aged parents? ---- You do anything except to be with them and be yourself. A. don’t have to B. oughtn’t to C. mustn’t D. can’t 4.John promised his doctor he not smoke. And he has never smoked ever since. A.might B. should C. could D. would 5.What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he better. A.need have done B. must have done C. can have done D. might have done 6.Liza well not want to go on the trip ---- she hates traveling. A. will B. can C. must D. may 7.She have left school, for her bike is still here. A. can’t B. wouldn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t 8.According to the air traffic rules, you switch off your mobile phone before boarding. A.may B. can C. would D. should 9.---- I can’t find my purse anywhere. --------- Y ou have lost it while shopping. A.may B. can C. should D. would 10.---- I’m sorry. I at you the other day. --------- Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself. A.shouldn’t shout B. shouldn’t have shouted C. mustn’t shout D. mustn’t have shouted 11.---- What sort of house do you want to have? Something big? ---- Well, it be big ----- that’s not important. A.mustn’t B. needn’t C. can’t D. won’t 12 ------ W hat does the sign over there read? ---- “No person smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area.” A. will B. may C. shall D. must 13.Some aspects of a pilot’s job be bring; and pilots often work at inconvenient. A.can; have to B. may; can C. have to; may D. ought to; must 14.My MP4 player isn’t in my bag. Where I have put it? A. can B. must C. should D. would 15.The weather turned out to be fine yesterday, I the trouble to carry my umbrella with me. A.should have taken B. could have taken C. needn’t have taken D. mustn’t have taken 16.In crowded places like airports and railway stations, you take care of your luggage. A.can B. may C. must D. will 17.---- She looks very happy. She have passed the exam. ------- I guess so. It’s not difficult after all. A.should B. could C. must D. might 18.I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I have driven her there. A.could B. must C. might D. should 19.---- Mr. Gordon asked me to remind you of the meeting this afternoon. Don’t f orget it! ----OK, I . A.won’t B. don’t C. can’t D. needn’t 20.---- How is your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful? ------- It be, but it is now heavily polluted. A.will B. would C. should D. must 21.The biggest problem for most plants, which just get up and run away when threatened, is that animals like to eat them. A. shan’t B. can’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t 22.---- Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday. -------- You it in the wrong place. A.must put B. should have put C. might put D. might have put
初中英语50个易错知识点习题汇总 1. Because he was ill yesterday, so he didn't go to work. (×) Because he was ill yesterday, he didn't go to work. (√) He was ill yesterday, so he didn't go to work. (√) [析] 用though, but表示"虽然……，但是…… "或用because, so 表示"因为……，所以……"时，though和but 及because和so 都只能择一而用，不能两者同时使用。 2. The Smiths have moved Beijing. (×) The Smiths have moved to Beijing. (√) [析] 不及物动词后接名词或代词作宾语时，要在动词之后加上适当的介词；但不及物动词后接home, here, there等副词作宾语时，动词之后不必加任何介词。 3. The box is too heavy for him to carry it. (×) The box is too heavy for him to carry. (√) [析] the box既是这句话的主语, 也是不定式to carry的逻辑宾语，若句末再加上it，就和the box重复了。 4. Each of the boys have a pen. (×) Each of the boys has a pen. (√) [析] 复数名词前有表个体的each of, one of, every，either of等词组修饰，或有表否定的neither of, none of 等词组修饰时，谓语动词要用单数形式。 5. Neither he nor you is good at English. (×) Neither he nor you are good at English. (√) [析] either... or..., neither... nor..., not only..., but also... 等词组连接句子的两个主语时，谓语动词遵循"就近一致原则", 即由靠近谓语的那个主语决定谓语的人称和数用何种形式。 6. Ten minus three are seven. (×) Ten minus three is seven. (√) [析] 用英语表示加（plus）、减(minus)等数学运算时，谓语动词也用单数形式。 7. The number of the workers in this factory are about 5,000. (×) The number of the workers in this factory is about 5,000. (√) [析] the number of表示"……的数量"，谓语动词用单数形式；a number of 的意思是"若干" 或"许多"，相当于some或a lot of，和复数名词连用，谓语动词用复数形式。 8. Hello! I have important something to tell you. （×） Hello! I have something important to tell you. (√) [析] 形容词或动词不定式修饰不定代词作定语时，修饰成分要置于不定代词之后。 9. His son is enough old to go to school. （×） His son is old enough to go to school.(√)
情态动词 （一）情态动词的定义: 情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度。 （二）情态动词的特点 1. 情态动词有一定的词义。 2. 情态动词不能单独做谓语，它必须和其他动词的原形一起构成谓语。 3. 情态动词没有人称，数的变化。 （三）情态动词的结构和意义 1.情态动词的基本句型 ?肯定句：主语+情态动词+动词原形+...... ?否定句：主语+情态动词+not+动词原形+...... ?疑问句：情态动词+主语+动词原形+...... 2. 情态动词的意义 must“必须”；can/could“能，会”；may/might “可以”；should“应该”； would“愿，要”；have to“不得不”；need“需要” （四）情态动词的基本用法 1.can (could主要指过去时间) 1）表示人或物本身所具有的能力，意为“能，能够，会” : Two eyes can see more than one. / I can swim very well. 2）表示可能（理论上或是逻辑判断上） He can’t (couldn’t) have enough money for a new car. 3）表示允许： Can I have a look at your new pen? He asked whether he could take the book out of the reading-room. 4）表示对现在动作或状态的猜测，主要用于否定句和疑问句中或感叹句中: He can’t (couldn’t) be over sixty.他不可能超过六十岁。 5）could表示比can更委婉客气的提出问题或陈述看法，指的是现在时间。 Can (Could) you lend me a hand? 帮我一把好吗？ 2. may (might) 1）表允许，询问或说明一件事可不可以做，might指过去时间；但在疑问句中might也可指现在时间，语气比may更委婉。 May (Might) I ask for a photo of your baby? 我可以要一张你宝宝的照片吗？ 在回答以may引起的问句时，肯定回答是一般可仍用may,或Yes, please. / Certainly./Sure./Of course. ； 否定回答根据说话人的语气由强到弱分别选用: must not(mustn’t)（禁止）/ had better not（最好别）/ may not（不行） 2) may表可能,但所表示的可能性不如can所表示的那样肯定。might可以指过去时间，也可以指现在时间，但语气更加不肯定。 He may be at home. 他可能在家。 They might be having a meeting, but I’m not sure.他们有可能在开会，不过我不肯定。 3. must（have to表示客观需要） 1）表示“必须”（主观看法）时，用于肯定句或疑问句；用于否定句时表示“禁止”。 We must do everything step by step. 我们一切都必须循序渐进地做。 You must get home before 9:00. 2）表示揣测。意为“想必、准是、一定”等，只用于肯定句。 He must be ill. He looks so pale. 他准是病了。他的脸色苍白。 3)must的疑问句，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to。 4. should 1）表责任或义务，意为“应该”，用于各种人称。
初中英语经典练习题及答案解析 初中英语经典练习题及答案解析 单项选择题一向是各省市中考的必考题型。它的特点是考点多，覆盖面广，题量大。其主要考查点是: 1. 考查基本语法; 2. 考查同义词、近义词的辨析; 3. 考查各种词汇的惯用法和固定搭配; 4. 考查掌握和运用日常交际用语的能力。 由于单项选择题所考查的范围较广，所以要想做好此类题一要具备扎实的英语基础知识，二要紧扣语境，抓住关键词。具体应注意以下几点: 1. 复习时要弄清初中阶段所出现的几种主要时态和语态的用法、结构、与之 连用的状语及各自的特殊用法。重点要分清现在完成时、一般过去时的用 法。对宾语从句、状语从句、动词不定式、比较等级以及它们的用法规则 都要一一弄清楚。还要注意固定搭配、习惯用语、动词的时态和语态、动 词辨析以及不同词性的词的用法。 2. 在解题方面要突出语境，在语境中选语句和词汇， 防止汉语思维的干扰。 英语中一些关键词的含义往往是由它所处的语义环境决定的， 答题时如忽视了语境，就很容易答错题。 3. 在解题时要注意句型结构和语序。要掌握初中阶段所出现的句型结构，注 意宾语从句、感叹句的语序。 4. 掌握习语和日常交际用语。应掌握大纲词汇、习惯用语。由于文化背景和
风俗习惯的不同，对于一些日常交际用语应记牢。 从近几年来全国各地的中考试卷分析可以看出，单项选择题的考点主要分布在:名词、动词、形容词、副词、 代词、冠词、连词、介词、情态动词;时态、语态;词义辨析、语序、各种不同的从句及交际用语上。 在做单项选择题时，同学们除应具有较扎实的语言基础知识和善于思考外，掌握一些解题方法是很有必要的。由于单项选择覆盖面广，其解题思路也多种多样。下面我们举例谈谈一些常用的解题方法。 1. 直接法: 即直接利用相关语法知识，通过题干中的已供信息，捕捉到解题线索，从而得出正确答案的解题方法，例如: --- Will you come to the net barswith me? A. not go B. go C. not to go D. to go 根据句意可知此题考查动词不定式的否定形式，即 tell sb. not to do sth.，故此题应选C。 2. 关键词法 许多题目中都有这样一些词，它们对于快速而准确地 判定答案起着至关重要的作用。我们称这些词为关键词。找 到句中的关键词，也就找到了解题的突破口，例如: He hardly hurt himself in the accident, _______________? A. doesn’t he B. didn’t he C. did he D. does he 该题中hardly与hurt是起关键词作用的。凡陈述部 分含有hardly, never, little, few等否定意义的词时， 反意疑问句用肯定形式;而hurt一词的过去式与原形相同， 此处hurt未加s，应为过去式。因此本题答案C是正确的。
初中英语情态动词详细用法归纳（含练习及答案） 1. can 的用法： （1）.表示能力、许可、可能性。表示能力时一般译为“能、会”，即有种能力，尤其是生来具备的能力.如：She can swim fast, but I can’t . 她能游得很快，但我不能。 I can see with my eyes. 我用眼睛看。could是can的过去式。表示过去的能力。 be able to do sth. 常常指经过努力，花费了时间和劳力之后才能做到某事。is/am/are able to do sth was/were able to do sth. （2）.表示许可，常在口语中。如：You can use my dictionary. 你可以用我的字典。 （3）.表示推测，可能性，意为“可能”，常用于否定句和疑问句中，此时can’t 译为“ 不可能”。如：Can the news be true? 这个消息会是真的吗？—Can it be our teacher?那个人有可能是我们老师吗？—No, it can’t be our teacher. He is on a visit to the Great Wall.不可能。咱们老师正在游览长城呢。 【例题】—I think Miss Gao must be in the library. She said she would go there. —No. She __be there, I have just been there. A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.wouldn’t 【解析】根据下文“我刚去过那儿”可知，应为“ 不可能”，can’t 表示推测[答案] A could的用法： （1）.can的过去式，意为“ 能、会”，表示过去的能力。如：He could write poems when he was 10. 他十岁时就会写诗。 （2）. could在疑问句中，表示委婉的语气，此时could 没有过去式的意思。如:Could you give me a hand? 你能帮我个忙吗？—Could I use your pen? 我能用一下你的钢笔吗? —Yes, you can.可以。（用could问，不能用could答。） 2. may的用法： （1）.表示请求、许可，比can 正式，如：May I borrow your bike? 我可以借你的自行车吗？You may go home now. 现在你可以回家了。 【例题】—_______ I borrow your MP3? —Sure . Here you are. A. May B.Should C.Must D. Would 【解析】在此处表示请求，意为“ 做……可以吗”。答案：A (2) .表示推测，谈论可能性，意为“ 可能，或许”，一般用于肯定句中。如：It may rain tomorrow . 明天可能会下雨。She may be at home. 她可能在家呢. may not 翻译为“可能不” (3) .may的过去式为might ，表示推测时。可能性低于may。如：He is away from school. He might be sick. 他离开学校了，可能是他生病了。 (4) . 表示希望、祈求、祝愿，常可译为“祝愿”。通常是用may +主+V 例如：May you have a good time. 祝你过得愉快。May you be happy! 祝你幸福！May you succeed！祝你成功！ 3. must的用法： (1).must 表示主观看法，意为“必须、一定”。如：You must stay here until I come back.在我回来之前你必须呆在这儿。Must I finish my homework right now? 我必须现在交作业吗？(must引导的疑问句) 肯定回答：yes ,you must. 否定回答：No, you needn’t/ don’t have to (2) 其否定形式mustn’t表示“ 一定不要” “千万别” “禁止, 不许”. 如：You mustn’t play with fire. 你不许玩火。You mustn’t be late. 你一定不要迟到。 (3)must表示有把握的推测，用于肯定句,指百分百肯定。如: The light is on, so he must be at home now.灯亮着，他现在肯定在家。 （4）①must 和have to 都有”必须”的含义，但侧重点不同： must强调说话者主观(自己）的看法。 have to强调客观（外力作用）的需要，也可以翻译为“不得不”。