Unit one
Words and Expressions
1. (Para. 1) forgiveness: n.[U] when sb. forgives another person
*He never admitted his guilt or asked for forgiveness.
(= 他从不承认自己的罪行，也不请求饶恕。)
我必须请求你的宽恕。
(= I have to ask for your forgiveness.)
Collocation:
ask / beg / p ray, etc. for (sb’s) forgiveness
Derivation:
forgive v.
CF: forgive & excuse
这两个动词均有“原谅”之意。
forgive指尽管某人做错了事情，但是你不再生气，不再责怪他了，一般指原谅或者宽恕比较严重的错误。
excuse 指原谅一些不是很严重的错误，比如莽撞、失礼等小过失。
(Directions:) Fill in the blanks with the two words above. Change the form where necessary.
1. She was ______ for coming late. (= excused)
2. A wife ______ an unfaithful husband. (= forgives)
3. Please _______ my bad handwriting. (=excuse)
4. They _______ their enemies. (= forgive)
2. (Para. 1) good-tempered: adj. pleasant, kind, and not easily made angry
(=Minnie was always good-tempered and agreeable.)
Note: 与temper有关的词组
lose one’s temper 发脾气
I’ve never seen Mike lose his temper.
keep one’s temper 控制脾气、忍耐
I found it increasingly difficult to keep my temper.
3.(Para.1) universal: adj. involving everyone in the world or in a particular group
There does not appear to be universal agreement on the future of the CBA.
These stories have universal appeal.
4. (Para. 2) ironically: https://www.doczj.com/doc/b412761211.html,ed when talking about a situation in which the opposite of
what you expected happens or is true
Ironically, his cold got better on the last day of his holiday.
5. (Para. 2) root sth. out: find out where a particular kind of problem exists and get rid of it Action is being taken to root out corruption in the police force.
6. (Para. 2) cripple: v.
1. damage sth. badly so that it no longer works or is no longer effective
The industry is being crippled by high interest rates.
Asia’s economy was crippled by inflation.
(=通货膨胀曾使亚洲经济陷于瘫痪。)
罢工使工厂陷于瘫痪
（＝The strike crippled the factory.）
2. hurt sb. badly so that they cannot walk properly
She was crippled in the car accident.
(= 她在车祸中致残。)
7. (Para. 2) cling: v. continue to believe or do sth., even though it may not be true or useful
any longer
For the moment I cling to the idea that there are a relatively small number of students left. 他坚定地认为她有治愈的希望(插入图片cling)
(=He clung to the hope that she would be cured.)
Collocation:
cling to the hope / belief / idea, etc.
8. (Para. 3) heal: v.
1. if a wound or a broken bone heals or is healed, the flesh, skin, or bone grows back
together and becomes healthy again
（＝A sprain usually takes longer to heal than a broken bone. ）
我胳膊上的伤已愈合了。（＝The wound on my arm has healed.）
2. if an argument or disagreement between people heals or you heal it, the people stop
arguing or disagreeing
The disagreement among the family members healed over with time.
(=家庭成员之间的不和随着时间的流逝而消失。)
CF: treat, heal & cure
这三个动词均有“治疗”之意。
treat指通过用药、住院、手术等来治疗疾病。
heal着重治疗的效果，多指外伤的治愈，也可以指精神上的创伤的愈合。
cure也着重治疗的结果，多指治愈内科疾病，也可用来指消除某种不良的影响。(Directions:) Fill in the blanks with the three words above. Change the form where necessary.
1. The dentist is _______ my teeth. (= treating)
2. Penicillin ______ him of pneumonia. (= cured)
3. The cut on his finger ______ quickly. (= healed)
4. The new treatment _____ his skin disease. (= cured)
5. Time ______ most troubles. (= heals)
9. (Para. 3) put: v. say or write sth. using words in a particular way
When women joined the organization, it “took on a new look”, as the news report put it. It’s a matter of balance, as one teacher put it.
10. (Para. 5) core: n.the most important or central part of sth.
(= The core of the book focuses on the period between 1660 and 1857.)
问题的关键是债务。
（＝Debt is at the core of the problem.）
Collocations:
the core of the problem
core curriculum
11. (Para. 6) shallow: adj. not interested in or not showing any understanding of important or serious matters — used to show disapproval
(=He’s only interested in your look, which shows how shallow he is.)
12.(Para. 7) initial: adj.happening at the beginning
The initial talks were the base of the later agreement.
(=最初的会谈是后来达成协议的基础。)
Collocations:
initial stage / phase / period of
the initial letter首字母
13. (Para. 7) one-off: adj. happening or done only once, not as part of a regular series
In fact the whole exercise was fairly straight forward, except for one problem which required a one-off solution.
14. (Para. 7) confrontation: n.a situation in which there is a lot of angry disagreement
between two people or groups
(= Julia had stayed in her room to avoid any more confrontation.)
They sense this may develop into a confrontation between teachers.
Pattern:
confrontation with / between
15. (Para. 8) resentment: n. a feeling of anger because sth. has happened that you think
is unfair
(= Tom stared at the other boys with resentment.)
*She was filled with deep resentment at being passed over for promotion.
Collocation:
feel / harbour / bear resentment
CF: resentment & offence
这两个名词均有“愤怒、怨恨”之意。
resentment指因受到侮辱或自尊心受到伤害而产生的怨恨。例如:
She cherished a deep resentment towards her employer for having denied her
a promotion.
Everyone feels resentment at being treated unfairly.
offence 指因为话语或者行为而感到生气，语气没有resentment强烈。例如：
I hope you will not take any offence at my words.
She easily takes offence.
16. (Para. 9) tackle v. try to deal with a difficult problem
It took twelve fire engines to tackle the blaze .
There is more than one way to tackle the problem.
(＝解决这个问题有许多方法。)
The question set by the teacher was so difficult that the pupils did not know how to tackle it.
17. (L45) innocent: adj. not guilty of a crime
(=Nobody would believe that I was innocent.)
*Can you provide any evidence that he was innocent of the crime?
(=你能提供证据证明他没有犯这罪吗?)
Pattern:
innocent of
18. (Para. 9) functional: adj.designed to be useful rather than beautiful or attractive These buildings are beautifully designed, not purely functional.
Note:
functional 的反义词为decorative
19. (Para. 10) peel: v.
1. if skin, paper, or paint peels, it comes off, usually in small pieces; lose an outer layer or surface
(=The paper was peeling from the wall.)
The bark peels off.
My skin always peels after I’ve been in the sun.
2. remove the outer layer from sth.; remove the skin from fruit or vegetables
Peel the label from the jar.
(=撕下这个瓶罐的标签。.)
请剥开这只香蕉的皮。
(=Please peel this banana.)
20. (Para. 10) flaw: n. a mistake, mark, or weakness that makes sth. imperfect
A design flaw caused the engine to explode.
A flaw in the crystal caused it to shatter.
Pattern:
flaw in
CF: flaw & defect
这两个名词均有“缺陷”之意。
flaw表示存在或出现瑕疵，使某物不完美。例如:
The flaw in the weapon was its inability to fire rapidly.
The length of her white gloves was the only flaw in her appearance.
defect常常表示一个缺陷非常严重，以致完全妨碍了某种功能的发挥。例如:
A defect in the fuel lines prevented the missile from blasting off.
21. (Para. 13) at peace (with): a situation in which there is no war or fighting
The country is at peace with its neighbours for the first time in years.
22. (Para. 14) nurture: v. help a plan, idea, feeling, etc. to develop
It is important to nurture potential in your employees.
(=Reading aloud nurtures the love of books in children.)
23. (Para.15)alternative: n.an alternative idea, plan etc is different from the one you have
and can be used instead
We have no alternative but to go on.
(=除了继续下去，我们没有别的选择。)
There was no other alternative but to fight till the victory.
CF: choice, alternative & option
这三个名词均有“选择”之意。
choice指从几样东西中选择，强调选择的自由度。例如:
New stocks have just arrived, so the shop now has a large choice of goods.
The blue one is my choice.
alternative 多指从两者之间做出选择，强调选择的范围受到限制。例如：
You have the alternative of staying in high school or going to work.
option指在特定条件下作出的选择，强调选择的可能性。例如：
None of the options are satisfactory.
There are three options open to us.
大学英语自学教程复习资料 第一部分Text A & 第二部分Text B 第一部分Text A 【课文译文】 怎样成为一名成功的语言学习者 决策是从可供挑选的行动方案中作出选择，目的在于确定并实现组织机构的目标或目的。之所以要决策是因为存在问题，或是目标或目的不对，或某种东西妨碍目标或目的实现。 因此，决策过程对于管理人员非常重要。管理者所做的一切几乎都与决策有关，事实上，有人甚至认为管理过程就是决策过程。虽然决策者不能预测未来，但他们的许多决策要求他们必须考虑未来可能会发生的情况。管理者必须对未来的事情作出最佳的猜测，并使偶然性尽可能少地发生。但因为总是存在着未知情况，所以决策往往伴随着风险。有时失误的决策带来的后果不很严重，但有时就会不堪设想。 选择就是从多种选项中进行取舍，没有选择，就没有决策。决策本身就是一个选择的过程，许多决策有着很广的选择范围。例如，学生为了实现自己获得学位的目标，可能会从多门课程中进行选择，对于管理者来说，每一个决策都受到政策、程序、法律、惯例等方面的制约，这些制约存在于一个组织的各个部门里。 选项就是可供选择的种种可行的行动方案。没有选项，就没有选择，因而也就没有决策。如果看不到任何选项，这意味着还没有对问题进行彻底的研究。例如，管理者有时会用“非此即彼”的方式处理问题，这是他们简化问题的方法。这种简化问题的习惯常常使他们看不到其他的选项。 在管理这个层次上，制定决策包括：识别选项和缩小选项范围，其范围小到微乎其微，大到近乎无限。 决策者必须有某种方法来断定几种选项中的最佳选项，即哪个选项最有利于实现其组织的目标。组织的目标是指该组织努力完成或达到的目标或现状。由于个人(或组织)对于怎样实现其目标的方式都有不同的见解，最佳的选择就在于决策者了。常常是一个组织的下属部门做出的决策对自己有利，而对上一级的部门来说，就不是较佳选择了。这种增加部门的局部利益而减少其他部门的局部利益所作出的权衡，叫做局部优化。例如，市场营销经理为增加广告预算可能会讲得头头是道，但从更大的布局来看，增加优化产品的研究经费也许对组织更有利。
Unit 1 square v. to set straight or at approximate right angles使成方形 discreetly ad. carefully谨慎地,小心地 reserve n. self-restraint in expression; the habit of not showing one's feelings or thoughts矜持,拘谨;寡言 whereabouts n. the place where somebody or something is下落, 去向 anthology n. a collection of literary pieces, such as poems, short stories, or plays (诗、文等的)选集 grope v. to search blindly or uncertainly暗中摸, 摸索 tip off to give an advance warning or hint to暗示, 警告，因倾斜而使掉下来 goody n. something attractive or delectable, especially something sweet to eat 特别吸引人的东西, 美味的食品 puddle n. a small pool of liquid水坑; (尤指道路上的)雨水坑 ketchup n. a thick cold red sauce made from tomatoes, used for giving a pleasant taste to food番茄酱 flail v. to (cause something to) wave or swing about wildly鞭打;抽打 maneuver n. skillful or careful movement策略 rear a. of the back part后面的；后部的
Unit2 adjust v. change slightly in order to make suitable for a particular purpose or situation attic n. a space or room under the roof of a house, often used for storing things awfully ad. very calculate v. find sth. out by using mathematics code n. a set of instructions that tell a computer what to do county n. crinkly a. having many thin folds dial n. the round part of a clock, watch, machine, etc. having numbers that show that time or measurement dispute v. question or doubt the truth of sth. fraction n. a division or a part of a whole number in mathematics head v. be at the top of insert v. Put sth. inside or into sth. else inspector n. an official whose job is to check sth. loftily ad. in a way to show belief of being better than other people mechanical a. worked by machines nonchalantly ad. in a way to behave calmly and seem not to worry or care about anything punch n. the action of pressing a key or button in order to activate a device or perform an operation scornful a. Showing great disrespect for sb. or sth. screen n. the part of a television or computer where the picture or information appears slot n. an assigned place and time in a sequence or schedule superior a. thinking oneself better than others telebook n. a book written for presentation on television tuck v. put sth. into a small space, esp. in order to protect or hide it whistle v.make a high or musical sound by blowing air out through one’s lips in no time: very quickly or soon, esp. in a way that is surprising. send for ask or order sb. to come by sending him/her a message
大学英语自学教程(上) 01-A. How to be a successful language learner? “Learning a language is easy, even a child can do it!” Most adults who are learning a second language would disagree with this statement. For them, learning a language is a very difficult task. They need hundreds of hours of study and practice, and even this will not guarantee success for every adult language learner. Language learning is different from other kinds of learning. Some people who are very intelligent and successful in their fields find it difficult to succeed in language learning. Conversely, some people who are successful language learners find it difficult to succeed in other fields. Language teachers often offer advice to language learners: “Read as much as you can in the new language.”“Practice speaking the language every day. ”“Live with people who speak the language.”“Don’t translate-try to think in the new language.”“Learn as a child would learn; play with the language.” But what does a successful language learner do? Language learning research shows that successful language learners are similar in many ways. First of all, successful language learners are independent learners. They do not depend on the book or the teacher; they discover their own way to learn the language. Instead of waiting for the teacher to explain, they try to find the patterns and the rules for themselves. They are good guessers who look for clues and form their own conclusions. When they guess wrong, they guess again. They try to learn from their mistakes. Successful language learning is active learning. Therefore, successful learners do not wait for a chance to use the language; they look for such a chance. They find people who speak the language and they ask these people to correct them when they make a mistake. They will try anything to communicate. They are not afraid to repeat what they hear or to say
核心词汇 stroke n. ○1意外的一桩（幸事、运气或不幸）○2中风○3笔划○4抚摸○5v.抚摸 【例句】In a stroke of luck, a suitable organ donor became available. 运气的话也会有合适的器官捐献者。 Various strokes of misfortune led to his ruin. 遭诸多不幸使他一蹶不振。 The funeral of Mr. Whitelaw, who died of a stroke, will go ahead as planned today. 怀特劳先生死于中 风，他的葬礼按计划今天举行。 The character“繁”has too many strokes and children find it very difficult to write. “繁”这个字笔画太 多，孩子们觉得很难写。 Cats like being stroked. 猫喜欢让人抚摸。 collide vi.○1互撞，碰撞○2严重冲突，抵触 【例句】The two planes collided with each other in midair and over 100 people were killed. 两班飞机在空中相撞, 一百多人丧生。 I ran around the corner, and almost collided with Mrs Laurence.
我从拐角跑过去，差点与劳伦斯夫人撞上了。 The President has again collided with Congress over his budget plans. 总统在他的预算计划上又与国会意见冲突了。【派生】collision n.碰撞，互撞；冲突 insist v.○1坚决要求○2坚决认为，宣称 【例句】The victim’s relatives insisted on immediate repayment. 受害者亲属要求立即得到偿还。 The man insisted on helping me find a taxi even though I told him I didn’t need any help.即便我说了我不需要 帮助，那人还是坚持要帮助我找一辆的士。 My parents insist we (should) report the matter to the police right away. 我父母坚持要我们立即把此事向警方报告。 The suspect insisted on his innocence. 犯罪嫌疑人坚持说自己是无罪的。 【搭配】insist on one’s idea 坚持自己的观点insist on doing sth. 坚持(要)做某事 insist + that clause 坚持，坚决要求… 【辨析】persist in doing sth. 坚持/持续做某事, 表示持之以恒做某事、固执、不放弃；而insist on doing sth 却
One way of summarizing the American position is to state that we value originality and independence more than the Chinese do. The contrast between our two cultures can also be seen in terms of the fears we both harbor. Chinese teachers are fearful that if skills are not acquired early, they may never be acquired; there is, on the other hand, no comparable hurry to promote creativity. American educators fear that unless creativity has been acquired early, it may never emerge; on the other hand, skills can be picked up later. However, I do not want to overstate my case. There is enormous creativity to be found in Chinese scientific, technological and artistic innovations past and present. And there is a danger of exaggerating creative breakthroughs in the West. When any innovation is examined closely, its reliance on previous achievements is all too apparent (the "standing on the shoulders of giants" phenomenon). But assuming that the contrast I have developed is valid, and that the fostering of skills and creativity are both worthwhile goals, the important question becomes this: Can we gather, from the Chinese and American extremes, a superior way to approach education, perhaps striking a better balance between the poles of creativity and basic skills?
Useful Expressions of Book II Unit 1 1. 身心健康physical and mental health 2. 彻底根除；根除root out 3. 生根take hold 4. 坚持cling to sth. 5. ……的关键the core of… 6. 脱口而出roll off the tongue 7. 偏离了宽恕的真正含义miss the whole point of forgiveness 8. ……的最初行为the initial act of … 9. 一次性的行为 a one-off act 10. 不断的情感冲突constant emotional confrontation 11. 时间不会治愈创伤。Time really doesn’t heal. 12. 运用宽恕的艺术tackle the art of forgiveness 13. 随着时间的流逝as time rolls by 14. 不管喜欢不喜欢like it or not 15. 认真审视自己take a long, hard look at ourselves 16. 不隐瞒缺点地warts and all 17. 修复破裂的关系heal broken relationships 18. 缓和局面ease the situation 19. 迈出第一步make the first move 20. 记住……keep…in mind 21. 为他们，也是为自己for you just as much as for them 22. 不再生气let go of your anger 23. 心平气和地对待发生的事be at peace with what happened Unit 2 1. 扣人心弦的故事 a thrilling story 2. 有限的时间limited and specified time 3. 判刑的罪犯condemned criminals 4. 活动范围sphere of activities 5. 在类似的处境下under similar circumstances ['s?:k?mst?ns?z] 6. 人生的价值the value of life 7. 完全无法想象all but unimaginable 8. 没有尽头stretch [stret?] out endlessly 9. 冷漠的态度listless attitude 10. 意识到be conscious [?k?n??s] of 11. 习惯be accustomed to 12. 没什么特别的nothing in particular 13. 值得注意be worthy of note 14. 只凭触摸through mere [m??(r)] touch 15. 精巧对称delicate symmetry ['s?m?tr?] 16. 寻找in search of 17. 苏醒的大自然awakening Nature 18. 放声歌唱的小鸟 a bird in full song 19. 不时地at times
《大学英语自学教程》（上册）课后习题答案 Unit 1 Text A Exercises for the Text I. 1.d 2.a 3.c 4.d 5.d II. 1.task 2.intelligent 3.research 4.clue 5.conclusion 6.repeat https://www.doczj.com/doc/b412761211.html,municate 8.purpose 9.probably 10.outline III. 1.Instead of 2.therefore 3.more...than 4.even 5.First of all 6.because 7.on the other hand 8.finally 9.looking for 10.Conversely IV. 1.Research shows that successful language learners are similar in many ways. https://www.doczj.com/doc/b412761211.html,nguage learning is active learning.Therefore,successful learners should look for e very chance to use the language. https://www.doczj.com/doc/b412761211.html,nguage learning should be active,independent and purposeful. 4.Learning a language is different from learning maths. 5.The teacher often imparts successfull language learning experiences to us. Vocabulary Exercises I. 1.a.success b.successful c.successfully 2.a.indepence b.depend c.dependent 3.a.covered b.uncover c.discovered 4.a.purposeful b .purposefully c.purpose II. 1.inexact 2.technique 3.outlined https://www.doczj.com/doc/b412761211.html,municate 5.regularly
Unit.1 开车离开 老于世故的 清楚的 独特的，特色的 出发，开始工作 朝着…方向 痛苦3 抓住6 分离的 分离 吸引… 确信某人… 努力寻找 傲慢的神态 你不用对我装腔作势。 进入 长驱直入 以…行为，风度 在旁边的 前排 浏览书 乱写，杂文，潦草写法 在纸的顶/底部 新的 有横格线的 探索 坐进椅子 掌权 以…形象出现 沿着墙 假装 激烈 生…的气2 突然变得 小声地 咒骂 使…暴怒 向…方向去/经历（不好的事）2 以坐牢/演讲告终失去平衡 屁股着地 几秒后 快速站起 踢脱，开始 倾倒 散落 渐弱，不明显 吃特定食物 各种 踮着脚 为…保留… 含蓄的，冷淡的，保留的镇静的 咧嘴笑 从第一页到最后一页 理解，说明，翻译，演奏对…是尴尬2 先入之见 不辜负 变弱，消失2 玩弄 一片布 无头脑的 显著的 从头到尾地 从各个方面 自始至终 从一人转到另一人 勉强糊口地 以我自己的方式 巨大的 队 紧握 （咬时）脆声 破裂 仔细地5 好吃的，老妇人 美味的，使人愉快的 垃圾食品 蓄意的 调动
踏入积水 镣铐 环绕 限制 偷溜2 透露 同情… 与…相反 观点 质感 认为，理解，察觉描述 穿过一群人 仔细计划 流行 执意2 鲁莽的努力想出 支付 取消 变化 和…不符 委派 边境，新领域无情的 沼泽 流放 灭亡 取代 授予 假定 勇敢的人 忍受 天生 Unit.2 虚胖的，臃肿的 胖乎乎的 自我激励的 精确地4 令人信服地4 对…忠诚 竞争力 竞争 照顾 关心 营销 交的朋友 在南方 嫁入豪门 婚姻的状况 紧紧抓住某人的…测体温 主持，负责 发烧不退 看着…的眼睛 整理，澄清，使改正帮…解决问题清理财务 先天心脏病 认真挑选，认出，理解注定 调查 向…询问，打听… 收费供食宿 死者 经理主管人员 执行，完成，死刑 检查 一组人 讣告 比…活得久2 寡妇 鳏夫 工作狂 世界500强企业 刚会走路的孩子 品质 用大写字母 俚语词语 天然的 补偿 Unit.3 过度依赖；微慢的那个老妇人步子稍慢的跟在她儿子身后。
BOOK2课文译文 UNIT1 TextA 中国式的学习风格 1987年春，我和妻子埃伦带着我们18个月的儿子本杰明在繁忙的中国东部城市南京住了一个月，同时考察中国幼儿园和小学的艺术教育情况。然而，我和埃伦获得的有关中美教育观念差异的最难忘的体验并非来自课堂，而是来自我们在南京期间寓居的金陵饭店堂。 我们的房门钥匙系在一块标有房间号的大塑料板上。酒店鼓励客人外出时留下钥匙，可以交给服务员，也可以从一个槽口塞入钥匙箱。由于口子狭小，你得留神将钥匙放准位置才塞得进去。 本杰明爱拿着钥匙走来走去，边走边用力摇晃着。他还喜欢试着把钥匙往槽口里塞。由于他还年幼，不太明白得把钥匙放准位置才成，因此总塞不进去。本杰明一点也不在意。他从钥匙声响中得到的乐趣大概跟他偶尔把钥匙成功地塞进槽口而获得的乐趣一样多。 我和埃伦都满不在乎，任由本杰明拿着钥匙在钥匙箱槽口鼓捣。他的探索行为似乎并无任何害处。但我很快就观察到一个有趣的现象。饭店里任何一个中国工作人员若在近旁，都会走过来看着本杰明，见他初试失败，便都会试图帮忙。他们会轻轻握牢本杰明的手，直接将它引向钥匙槽口，进行必要的重新定位，并帮他把钥匙插入槽口。然后那位“老师”会有所期待地对着我和埃伦微笑，似乎等着我们说声谢谢——偶尔他会微微皱眉，似乎觉得我俩没有尽到当父母的责任。 我很快意识到，这件小事与我们在中国要做的工作直接相关：考察儿童早期教育（尤其是艺术教育）的方式，揭示中国人对创造性活动的态度。因此，不久我就在与中国教育工作者讨论时谈起了钥匙槽口一事。 两种不同的学习方式
我的中国同行，除了少数几个人外，对此事的态度与金陵饭店工作人员一样。既然大人知道怎么把钥匙塞进槽口——这是走近槽口的最终目的，既然孩子还很年幼，还没有灵巧到可以独自完成要做的动作，让他自己瞎折腾会有什么好处呢？他很有可能会灰心丧气发脾气——这当然不是所希望的结果。为什么不教他怎么做呢？他会高兴，他还能早些学会做这件事，进而去学做更复杂的事，如开门，或索要钥匙——这两件事到时候同样可以（也应该）示范给他看。 我俩颇为同情地听着这一番道理，解释道，首先，我们并不在意本杰明能不能把钥匙塞进钥匙的槽口。他玩得开心，而且在探索，这两点才是我们真正看重的。但关键在于，在这个过程中，我们试图让本杰明懂得，一个人是能够很好地自行解决问题的。这种自力更生的精神是美国中产阶级最重要的一条育儿观。如果我们向孩子演示该如何做某件事——把钥匙塞进钥匙槽口也好，画只鸡或是弥补某种错误行为也好——那他就不太可能自行想方设法去完成这件事。从更广泛的意义上说，他就不太可能——如美国人那样——将人生视为一系列 的情境，在这些情境中，一个人必须学会独立思考，学会独立解决问题，进而学会发现需要创造性地加以解决的新问题。 把着手教 回想起来，当时我就清楚地意识到，这件事正是体现了问题的关键之所在——而且不仅仅是一种意义上的关键之所在。这件事表明了我们两国在教育和艺术实践上的重要差异。 那些善意的中国旁观者前来帮助本杰明时，他们不是简单地像我可能会做的那样笨拙地或是犹犹豫豫地把他的手往下推。相反，他们极其熟练地、轻轻地把他引向所要到达的确切方向。 我逐渐认识到，这些中国人不是简单地以一种陈旧的方式塑造、引导本杰明的行为：他们是在恪守中国传统，把着手教，教得本杰明自己会愉快地要求再来一次。
《大学英语综合教程》第一册 Unit 1 Test A off and on 断断续续地，有时take hold 生根，确立associate 使联系起来，使联想turn out 编写，制作 agony (身心的)极度痛苦assign 分配，分派 anticipate预期期望 tedious乏味的，冗长的reputation 名声，名誉 inspire激励，鼓舞 formal 刻板的，拘谨的，正式的，正规的 rigid一成不变的，严格的 out of date过时的 severe朴素的，严重的，剧烈的tackle处理，应付 distribute分发，分配，分送finally最终，终于 face up to勇敢地接受或对付scan浏览，粗略地看extraordinary不同寻常的，奇特的 sequence一连串相关的事物，次序，顺序 image形象，印象，（图）像vivid生动的，逼真的 recall回想起，回忆起respectable可敬的，体面的，文雅的 put down写下 compose创作 turn in交（作业） command命令，指令 what’s more而且，此外，更有甚者 hold back控制（感情，眼泪等）avoid避免 career生涯，事业，职业 《大学英语综合教程》第一册Unit 1 Test B award授予，给予maintain保持，维持 look forward to盼望 participate in参加 compare to相比，比得上 plus（常置于被修饰词后面） 比...略好（或略高）一些的， 加，加上 here and there 各处 resign顺从，听任，辞职 make it办成，做到，赶上 regarding关于，至于 represent代表，象征 expectation期待，预期 significance意义，意思 delicate脆弱的，柔软的 drag拖着脚步走 exception例外 tremble颤抖，哆嗦 yell叫喊 innocent天真无邪的，清白的 pat轻拍 《大学英语综合教程》第一 册 Unit 4 Test A turn away拒绝帮忙，不让... 进入 assume假设，以为 work out制定出，解决，算出 weekly每周的，一周一次的 clean up打扫，清除 do with对待，处理 determination决心，决定 personnel人事部门，全体人员， 全体职员 capacity能力，才能 precision精密，精确（性） turn down拒绝 skilled熟练的，有技巧的，技 术性的 for sale待售 wreck残破物，（尤指失事船只， 飞机等的）残骸 call on拜访 loan借，贷，贷款 character（人的）品德，品质， 性格 discard抛弃 confidence信心 diet日常饮食 send for派人去叫，召唤，派人 去取 hunt寻找，打猎，猎取 property（房）地产，财产 sometime某个时候 sponsor为...做保证人，主办， 发起，保证人，主办人，发起人 pass away去世 check on检查，调查，察看 handle管理，处理，操纵 principle信条，原则，原理 above all最重要的是 giant巨大的，巨人 balance平衡，余额 《大学英语综合教程》第一 册 Unit 4 Test B illegal不合法的，违法的 immigrant（外来）移民，移民 的，移入的 put up with忍受，容忍 in search of寻找 supervise监督，指导 temporary暂时的，临时的 response回答，反应 risk冒...的危险，（使）遭受危 险，危险，风险 acquire（靠自己的能力，努力 等）取得，获得，学到 make（both）ends meet勉强维 持生计，使收支相抵 environment环境，周围状况 stand a chance of有...的希 望，有...的可能 prospect前景，预期，展望 reserve保留，储备，预订 rare稀有的，罕见的，不寻常的 former以前的，早先的，旧时的 quit停止，放弃
综合教程1 unit1 anguish n. 痛苦；苦恼vt. 使极度痛苦 vi. 感到极度的痛苦 beloved n. 心爱的人；亲爱的教友 adj. 心爱的；挚爱的 breathing n. 呼吸；瞬间；微风 adj. 呼吸的；逼真的 v. 呼吸（breathe的现在分词） confront vt. 面对；遭遇；比较 conspicuously adv. 显著地，明显地；超群地，惹人注目地 evil n. 罪恶，邪恶；不幸 adj. 邪恶的；不幸的；有害的；讨厌的 gracefully adv. 优雅地；温文地 gravely adv. 严重地；严肃地；严峻地；沉重地 haven n. 港口；避难所，安息所 vt. 为……提供避难处；安置……于港中 hoarse adj. 嘶哑的 kneel vi. 跪下，跪 note n. 笔记；音符；票据；注解；纸币；便笺；照会；调子vt. 注意；记录；注解part n. 部分；角色；零件adj. 部分的 vt. 分离；分配；分开adv. 部分地 vi. 断裂；分手 porch n. 门廊；走廊 rest n. 休息，静止；休息时间；剩余部分；支架vt. 使休息，使轻松；把…寄托于vi. 休息；静止；依赖；安置 rosebush n. 蔷薇丛；玫瑰丛；灌木 shudder n. 发抖；战栗；震动 vi. 发抖；战栗 summon vt. 召唤；召集；鼓起；振作 bring back 拿回来；使…恢复；使…回忆起来 give in v. 屈服；让步；交上 hand in hand 手拉手地；联合 have sth. in common 有共同之处 laughter and tears lock sth. away through one’s tears well up 涌出；流露；萌发
Globalization is sweeping aside national borders and changing relations between nations. What impact does this have on national identities and loyalties? Are they strengthened or weakened? The author investigates. 全球化正在扫除国界、改变国与国之间的关系。这对国家的认同和对国家的忠诚会带来什么影响呢？它们会得到加强还是削弱？作者对这些问题进行了探讨。 In Search of Davos ManPeter Gumbel 1. William Browder was born in Princeton, New Jersey, grew up in Chicago, and studied at Stanford University in California. But don't call him an American. For the past 16 of his 40 years he has lived outside the ., first in London and then, from 1996, in Moscow, where he runs his own investment firm. Browder now manages $ billion in assets. In 1998 he gave up his American passport to become a British citizen, since his life is now centered in Europe. "National identity makes no difference for me," he says. "I feel completely international. If you have four good friends and you like what you are doing, it doesn't matter where you are. That's globalization." 寻找达沃斯人 彼得·甘贝尔 威廉·布劳德出生于新泽西州的普林斯顿，在芝加哥长大，就读于加利福尼亚州的斯坦福大学。但别叫他美国人。他今年40岁，过去16年来一直生活在美国以外的地方，先是在伦敦，1996年后在莫斯科经营他自己的投资公司。布劳德如今掌管着价值16亿美元的资产。1998年，他放弃美国护照，成为英国公民，因为他现在的生活中心在欧洲。“国家认同对我来说不重要，”他说，“我觉得自己完全是个国际人。如果你有四个朋友，又喜欢你所做的事情，那么你在哪儿无关紧要。这就是全球化。” 2. Alex Mandl is also a fervent believer in globalization, but he views himself very differently. A former president of AT&T, Mandl, 61, was born in Austria and now runs a French technology company, which is doing more and more business in China. He reckons he spends about 90% of his time traveling on business. But despite all that globetrotting, Mandl who has been a . citizen for 45 years still identifies himself as an American. "I see myself as American without any hesitation. The fact that I spend a lot of time in other places doesn't change that," he says. 亚历克斯·曼德尔也是全球化的狂热信徒，但他对自己的看法与布劳德不同。61岁的曼德尔曾任美国电报电话公司总裁。他出生于奥地利，现在经营着一家法国技术公司，该公司在中国的业务与日俱增。他估计自己几乎90%的时间都花在出差上。然而，尽管曼德尔全球到处跑，已经做了45年美国公民的他还是认为自己是个美国人。“我毫不迟疑地把自己当作美国人。我在其他地方度过很多时间，但是这一事实不能改变我是美国人，”他说。 3. Although Browder and Mandl define their nationality differently, both see their identity as a matter of personal choice, not an accident of birth. And not incidentally, both are Davos Men, members of the international business élite who trek each year to the Swiss Alpine town for the annual meeting of the World Economic Forum, founded in 1971. This week, Browder and Mandl will join more than 2,200 executives, politicians, academics, journalists, writers and a handful of Hollywood stars for five days of networking, parties and endless earnest discussions about everything from post-election Iraq and HIV in Africa to the global supply of oil and the implications of nanotechnology. Yet this year, perhaps more than ever, a hot topic at Davos is Davos itself. Whatever their considerable differences, most Davos Men and
unit1 Adversity aftermath alleyway altruism anodyne aspire bliss bona fide bromide dazed encompass excruciating gratifying hallucinate harrowing ineffable legacy mind-blowing neurological nostalgia ordeal paramount province preoccupied refrain rheumatoid arthritis shrivel steroid tranquil trauma traumatic tribulation ultramarathoner vomit wimp be on the rocks cancel out come to terms with for the better in line with in the wake of sth keep...in check unit2 choreograph commentator commercialize concession dedication dismantle engrossed ethic extrinsic flawless hype persona quadruple stakes be grounded in sth get/be taken in take a back seat to unit3 abstruse asylum auditorium bookish cerebral chambermaid contrivance dagger disintegrate double-decker eavesdrop fetching flummox fretful gargle glottal stop hallucinogenic itinerary laden law-abiding lemming lunatic asylum materialistic unmaterialistic passionate