江南大学网络教育入学测试模拟卷
（适用专科起点的学生）
测试科目：大学英语
一、词汇（共65题）
1. How risk it is! _______, thanks God, you are safe.
A.Anyhow
B.Anywhere
C.Somehow
D.Somewhat
2. As there is not much time left, Tom tells that story _______.
A.in detail
B.in short
C.in all
D.in brief
3. What an unlucky day it is! I _______ the train and _______ my umbrella at the station.
A.missed; forgot
B.forgot; lost
C.missed; left
D.lost; forgot
4. What he said_______ me and I got angry.
A.broke
B.hurt
C.wounded
D.damaged
5. We can not judge people solely by their_______ .
A.look
B.beauty
C.expression
D.appearance
6. As he finished his speech, the audience burst _______ thunderous applause.
A.in
B.into
C.out
D.upon
7. When we plan our summer vacation, father often offers_______ suggestions.
A.effective
B.practical
C.careful
D.acceptable
8. Mike, did it ever_______ to you that you would be punished for being late?
A.happen
B.occur
C.reflect
D.strike
9. I stay home today not _______ the rain, but _______ I am tired.
A.because; because
B.because of; because of
C.because; because of
D.because of; because
10. —Why didn’t you tell him the good news?
A.before
B.until
C.when
D.after
11. When his shoes _______, Tom just throws them away.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/b67271357.html,e to an end
B.are put to use
C.are used up
D.wear out
12. Our family prepares a party to_______ my grandpa’s 80th birthday.
A.celebrate
B.welcome
C.calculate
D.remember
13. _______ you are free, why not go shopping with us?
A.Because
B.Since
C.As
D.For
14. He suggested the conference be _______ because of the bad weather.
A.put away
B.put up
C.put down
D.put off
15. —_______ do you visit Mr. White?
A.How soon
B.How often
C.How long
D.When
16. An _______ happened last month on Highway 105.
A.incident
B.accident
C.affair
D.event
17. We should _______ arms and began to fight against the invaders (侵略者).
A.take on
https://www.doczj.com/doc/b67271357.html,y down
C.take up
D.shoulder
18. Before dinner the professor made a short _______to the guests.
A.delivery
B.pronunciation
C.conversation
D.speech
19. Thomas learned many Tang dynasty poems _______ when he was very young.
A.by heart
B.by mind
C.by the way
D.by book
20. Will you_______ me the favor to take down the pictures on the wall?
A.give
B.do
C.make
D.bring
21. He heard nothing _______this matter.
A.concerned
B.conception
C.concerning
D.revealing
22. The bottle_______ 500 milliliters.
A.is
B.refers
C.covers
D.contains
23. Marry could not _______ her dislike for that proud young man.
A.overthrow
B.overcome
C.defeat
D.overtake
24. Companies must consider how they_______ data so that their employees can find it quickly.
A.classify
B.recognize
C.store
D.accumulate
25. We are _______ making a schedule for the sports meeting.
A.planning
B.considering
C.thinking
D.supposing
26. To be a nurse _______ endurance and patience.
A.asks for
B.calls for
C.looks for
D.pays for
27. Mr. Li usually writes his_______ on the margin (页边空白处) of our compositions.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/b67271357.html,ments
B.words
C.review
https://www.doczj.com/doc/b67271357.html,mand
28. How could they draw different_______ from the same facts?
A.conclusions
B.theories
C.results
D.ideas
29. His heart_______ so fast that he could hardly breathe.
A.beat
B.hit
C.strike
D.struck
30. Could you repeat what you have said just now? I didn’t_______ .
A.go on
B.keep on
C.catch on
D.insist on
31. On the way home, Bill was_______ in a storm and got all wet.
A.got
B.caught
C.held
D.grasped
32. The head office of the bank is in Shanghai, but it has_______ all over the country.
A.branches
B.bases
C.boards
D.businesses
33. Language is the carrier of culture and_______ is influenced by culture.
A.in case
B.in turn
C.after all
D.once again
34. Everyone in the class voted _______ the party.
A.in relation to
B.in excess of
C.in contrast to
D.in favor of
35. The hotel_______ him $50 for a room for the night.
A.offered
B.charged
C.paid
D.gave
36. —I’d like to take a two-day holiday.
—____, we’re too busy.
A.Don’t worry
B.Don’t mention it
C.Forget it
D.Pardon me
37. Without her parents’ _______, Marry got married with Tom.
A.allow
B.consent
C.permit
D.appreciation
38. It makes no_______ whether you go with us or not.
A.means
B.suggestion
C.difference
D.idea
39. She planned to go to France to study French, but that is _______ now.
A.out of question
B.out of the question
C.in question
D.in the question
40. The bell had_______ rung than the students quieted down.
A.when
B.hardly
C.no sooner
D.once
41. Quite a few popular English expressions_______ from the Bible.
A.acquire
B.obtain
C.derive
D.result
42. Several screws of your desk have come loose. You’d better_______ them.
A.settle
B.correct
C.pick
D.fix
43. —Can you remember the name of the little boy?
A.reminds
B.puzzles
C.disturbs
D.escapes
44. I can see a boy in this picture, but I can’t _______ who he is.
A.make out
B.get across
C.look out
D.take after
45. The huge fire is reported to have_______ more than 1000 people dead.
A.remained
B.kept
C.left
D.had
46. I’m sure Linda will be able to find the superma rket
—she has a pretty good_______ of direction.
A.idea
B.feeling
C.expe6ence
D.sense
47. —What do you think of the movie today?
A.more
B.very
C.most
D.as
48. In China students seldom _______ what their teachers say.
A.ask
B.question
C.wonder
D.accept
49. Children are likely to get _______if no one cares about their upbringing.
A.out of hand
B.out of order
C.out of place
D.out of work
50. Wash your hands before you _______ my books.
A.operate
B.handle
C.employ
D.pour
51. Tom _______ the tiger, fired but missed it.
A.shot
B.aimed
C.aimed at
D.killed
52. If a baby bird stays _______ for two or three weeks after leaving the nest, it has a fair chance of becoming an adult.
A.living
B.lively
C.alive
D.live
53. William_______ like a perfect gentleman.
A.blames
B.behaves
C.does
D.betrays
54. I_______ stay home than go out.
A.like to
B.had better
C.would rather
D.prefer
55. —What do you do to_______ your living?
A.earn
B.make
C.take
D.benefit
56. We should not to dress_______ for the job interview.
A.cautiously
B.casually
C.badly
D.barely
57. —How can I use it?
—Well, look at , please.
A.explanations
B.expressions
C.instructions
D.introductions
58. The current political _______ of our country is favorable for foreign investments.
A.climate
B.weather
C.state
D.occasion
59. The_______ of diamond under the land made the people richer.
A.founding
B.invention
C.discovery
D.existence
60. _______ the production going up, an increasing supply of raw materials is needed.
A.As
B.For
C.With
D.Through
61. _______ is not gold that glitters.
A.All
B.The whole
C.Everyone
D.The entire
62. Oh! Your new necktie_______ very well with your business suit.
A.fits
B.does
C.goes
D.suits
63. It’s_______ unusual for me to get angry, but I was shocked_______ by my boss’s attitude.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/b67271357.html,pletely; fairly
B.fairly; quite
https://www.doczj.com/doc/b67271357.html,pletely; quite
D.quite; fairly
64. I hope you don’t mind me asking,_______ where did you buy your new skirt?
A.and
B.yet
C.but
D.so
65. I’m afraid I will have to_______ her invitation to the party.
A.refuse
B.refute
C.ignore
D.decline
二、语法（共65题）
1. —______ I sit here?
A.Will
B.May
C.Must
D.Need
2. John was made______ the piano so much that, at times, he thought about giving up.
A.practise
B.practicing
C.to practise
D.to be practised
3. Does______ matter if we can’t finish this job on time?
A.its
B.it
C.this
D.that
4. —What can you see in this picture?
—I can see old man sitting on______ chair.
A.a
B.an
C.the
D./
5. Lucy realized that many of these questions were hard______ , and perhaps some even could not be answered at all.
A.to answer
B.to be answered
C.answering
D.for answer
6. The number of pages in this book______ about two hundred.
A.are
B.have
C.is
D.has
7. The restaurant near the campus,______ last year, is very popular among the students.
A.open
B.opening
C.having opened
D.opened
8. I can’t agree with______ you said.
A.when
B.what
C.that
D.whether
9. It’s known by everyone that______ horse is______ useful animal.
A.a; an
B.the; the
C./; a
D.a; a
10. Without electricity, human life______ quite different today.
A.would be
B.will be
C.would have been
D.is
11. You______ try it again if you fail this time.
A.would best
B.would better
C.had best
D.had better
12. You’d better keep the windows______ . It’s so hot here.
A.open
B.opening
C.opens
D.opened
13. The new secretary is supposed to report the manager as soon as she______ .
A.will arrive
B.arrives
C.is going to arrive
D.is arriving
14. Don’t go out. We are about______ dinner.
A.having
B.to have
C.have
D.had
15. Most cars______ display are new products.
A.on
B.in
C.under
D.of
16. It’s still a puzzle______ he became rich overnight.
A.what
B.that
C.how
D.which
17. ______ in my life can give me such pleasure as drawing.
A.Something
B.Everything
C.Nothing
D.Anything
18. No sooner______ seen her father than she ran to him.
A.had she
B.she had
C.is she
D.she is
19. Tom bought ______ new telephone yesterday and he is talking with me by______ telephone now.
A.a; the
B.the; /
C.the; the
D.a; /
20. “Harry Potter and th e Half-Blood Prince” was the best film______ last year.
A.to show
B.to be shown
C.showing
D.shown
21. My sister,______ works in Shanghai, sends me an e-mail almost everyday.
A.whom
B.that
C.which
D.who
22. My parents are no longer ______ they use to be.
A.how
B.that
C.what
D.which
23. The population of this city is______ that of ours.
A.twice as much as
B.twice as large as
C.as twice much as
D.as twice large as
24. The weather seems as if it______ summer already.
A.was
B.are
C.is
D.were
25. —There’s coffee and tea; you can have______ .
A.one
B.it
C.either
D.each
26. He told me he______ for Shanghai tomorrow.
A.will leave
B.was leaving
C.left
D.had left
27. Here______ the bus! Let’s go!
https://www.doczj.com/doc/b67271357.html,es
B.will come
C.is coming
D.came
28. Not until he came back______ know about it.
A.I did
B.did I
C.didn’t I
D.I didn’t
29. If I______ you, I______ to take the job at that time.
A.were; would have chosen
B.had been; would have chosen
C.am; would chose
D.were; would chose
30. Mary______ a book about China last year, but I don’t know whether she has finished it.
A.has written
B.wrote
C.had written
D.was writing
31. This kind of apple tastes______ and sells______ .
A.well; well
B.good; good
C.good; well
D.well; good
32. I love______ history because it gives us______ knowledge of past events.
A.the; a
B./; a
C./; /
D.a; the
33. Internet crime is a subject______ the world might argue for a long time.
A.of which
B.with which
C.about which
D.into which
34. I wondered whether this book was______ worth______ .
A.very; to read
B.well; to read
C.very; reading
D.well; reading
35. He received the order______ he should come back______ the noon.
A./; during
B.that; by
C.which; at
D.when; in
36. ______ leaves last should close all the windows.
A.what
B.that
C.whoever
D.whom
37. Of all the story books, I like this one______ . It is not interesting at all!
A.very much
B.the best
C.very little
D.the least
38. As Aristotle______ , “people______ to cities for a living, and live in cities for a better life.”
A.said; come
B.said; came
C.says; come
D.says came
39. —Do you have to leave now?
A.can’t
B.have
C.should
D.must
40. How beautiful she sings! I have never heard______ .
A.the better voice
B.a good voice
C.the best voice
D.a better voice
41. I earned 30 dollars______ day as______ supermarket cashier on this summer vocation
A.a; an
B.the; a
C.a; a
D.a; the
42. You______ have brought your camera. They all had theirs with them.
A.couldn’t
B.needn’t
C.wouldn’t
D.mustn’t
43. It used to______ that sugar could decay the teeth.
A.be believed
B.believe
C.believing
D.being believed
44. I don’t know______ to laugh or to cry______ it happens again.
A.whether; if
B.if; whether
C.whether; whether
D.if; if
45. They went into the meeting room,______ they had a break.
A.in it
B.in that
C.in there
D.in which
46. At what age are children able to distinguish______ right and wrong?
A.among
B.during
C.between
D.with
47. It was______ I caught a cold.
A.such cold a day yesterday that
B.such s cold day yesterday
C.so cold a day yesterday that
D.so a cold day yesterday
48. The plan was in______ just because few people were willing to cooperate.
A.ruins
B.pieces
C.danger
D.trouble
49. Why do you have the water______ all the time?
A.run
B.to be running
C.running
D.being running
50. Considering the above-mentioned, I think, it is high time that we college students______ a good look of our behavior.
A.take
B.took
C.taking
D.will take
51. You can ask him______ time if you are still confused.
A.two
B.second
C.the second
D.a second
52. I’ll start early,______ I over sleep.
A.however
B.unless
C.whether
D.if
53. Tom ran to the railway station, only______ the train has already left.
A.found
B.finding
C.to find
D.find
54. Returning home, Jim found the back door open and something______ .
A.to steal
B.to be stolen
C.stealing
D.stolen
55. Our new______ has four bedrooms and a sitting room.
A.house
B.place
C.family
D.home
56. It was______ impossible for her to finish this job all by herself.
A.quite
B.very
C.two
D.much
57. The population of this country______ 3 million and one third of it______ farm workers.
A.are; is
B.are; are
C.is; is
D.is; are
58. ______ you help me, I______ it.
A.Supposing; do
B.If; am doing
C.Provided; will do
D.Given; haven done
59. This new dictionary belongs to______ .
A.I
B.they
C.their
D.Mary
60. He said he had finished reading this novel and______ he would borrow another one.
A./
B.that
C.when
D.whether
61. ______ , she still needs to improve.
A.As she a pop star
B.As she is pop star
C.A pop star as she is
D.Pop star as she is
62. —Needn’t I tell him everything that’s happened to his father?
A.Yes, you need.
B.No, you need.
C.Yes, you have to.
D.No, you must.
63. The novel is well______ a second time.
A.worth to read
B.worth being read
C.worthy to read
D.worthy of being read
64. It was under the bed______ my brother hid the ball this morning.
A.where
B.that
C.which
D.when
65. ______ of the students admired this young English teacher.
A.Every one
B.Everyone
C.Anyone
D.Each one
三、阅读理解（共8篇）
Passage1
Long ago, in days of the Roman Empire, people used to believe a god of farming called “Saturn”. They believed that Saturn could make the weather good or bad, and that he had the power to control how much rain would fall.
Before a Roman farmer would plant his fields, he would try to get Saturn to give him good weather. He believed that if he killed an animal for Saturn, he would make Saturn happy. Then Saturn would make sure that the weather was good.
Not only did the people name a planet after Saturn but they also name a day of the week after him. They called this day “Saturn dies”, Latin words which mean “day of Saturn”. In English those words became Saturday.
(1) What was Saturn believed to be in charge of?
A.Rainfall.
B.The power of nature.
C.Farming.
D.Days in a week.
(2) Why did a Roman farmer kill an animal before planting his fields? Because_______.
A.killing an animal would bring him good luck
B.Saturn enjoyed eating animals
C.Saturn was happy to see animals being killed
D.he wanted to please Saturn so that Saturn would make the weather good for his planting
(3) What was the correct order of what a Roman farmer did before planting his fields?
a. observing the weather
b. killing the animal
c. getting his farm tools ready
d. finding an animal
e. offering it to Saturn
f. waiting for good weather to come
A.a,b,c,d,e,f
B.a,b,c,f,d,e
C.a,d,b,e,f,c
D.e,a,d,b,c,f
(4) Which of the following is NOT TRUE?
A.Saturn is also the name of planet.
B.The Roman people used to believe Saturn to be their god
C.Saturn was named for the last day of the week.
D.Saturn had three meanings.
(5) What’s the purpose of the author to write this passage?
A.How the Romans worshipped Saturn.
B.Why the Romans believed in Saturn.
C.The different meanings of the word Saturn.
D.How Saturday got its name.
Passage2
Elizabeth Blackwell was born in England in 1821, and moved to New York City when she was ten years old. One day she decided that she wanted to become a doctor. That was nearly impossible for a woman in the middle of the nineteenth century. After writing many letters asking for admission to medical
schools, she was finally accepted by a doctor in Philadelphia. She was so determined that she taught school and gave music lessons to get money for the cost of schooling.
In 1849, after graduation from medical school, she decided to further her education in Paris. She wanted to be a surgeon (外科医师), but a serious eye problem forced her to give up the idea.
Upon returning to the United States, she found it difficult to start her own practice because she was a woman. By 1857 Elizabeth and her sister, also a doctor, along with another woman doctor, managed to open a new hospital, the first for women and children Besides being the first woman physician and founding her own hospital , she also set up the first medical school for women.
(1) Why couldn’t Elizabeth Blackwell realize her dream of becoming a surgeon?
A.She couldn’t get admitted to medical school.
B.She decided to further her education in Paris.
C.A serious eye problem stopped her.
D.It was difficult for her to start a practice in the United States.
(2) What main obstacle almost destroyed Elizabeth’s chances for becoming for a doctor?
A.She was a woman.
B.She wrote too many letters.
C.She couldn’t graduate from medical school.
D.She couldn’t set up her hospital.
(3) How many years passed between her graduation from medical school and the opening of her hospital?
A.Eight years
B.Ten years
C.Nineteen years
D.Thirty-six years
(4) According to the passage, all of the following are “firsts” in the life of Elizabeth Blackwell,
A.became the first woman physician.
B.was the first woman doctor.
C.and several other women founded the first hospital for women and children.
D.set up the first medical school for women.
(5) Elizabeth Blackwell spent most of her lift in_______.
A.England
B.Paris
C.the United States
D.New York City
Passage3
One day two scientists were quarrelling about whose watch was better, the German one or the Japanese one. Since they were scientists, they decided to do an experiment to test the watches. They went into their lab and filled a basin with water, put the watches in, waited for 20 minutes and took them out.
They could see there was something wrong with both watches. They observed them for several hours before speaking to each other. They both silently found the German watch was losing 60 minutes and the Japanese are doubled that.
The scientists with the Japanese watch then slowly raised his head and said, “Both watch are out of work, but my watch is right more of ten than yours, so it’s better.” The scientist with the German watch went home without saying a word.
(1) The two scientists were quarrelling at the beginning of the story, because_______.
A.the Japanese watch was better
B.the German watch was better
C.each of them thought his own watch was better than the other’s
D.both the watches were wrong
(2) They did an experiment because they_______.
A.wanted to know whose watch was better
B.liked their lab
C.wanted to repair their watches
D.had a basin of water in their lab
(3) After they did the experiment, they found_______.
A.both their watches were good
B.neither of their watches could tell the correct time
C.there was something wrong with the German watch
D.there was something wrong with the Japanese watch
(4) After putting the Japanese watch in water for 20 minutes, two scientists found_______.
A.it was a good watch
B.it went forward
C.it went faster than the German one
D.it went backwards 120 minutes
(5) How about the German watch at last?
A.It went more correctly than before.
B.It stopped working.
C.It went as well as the Japanese one.
D.It was better that the Japanese one.
Passage 4
Driving cars, trucks and motorcycles is an important part of our lives. We do it every day to get to work, to school or to friends’ houses.
Driving can be very convenient, but can also cause many problems. Waiting in line at a red light, a driver may get impatient and decide just to drive right through it. If another car is coming from the other
direction, there might be a terrible accident. Cutting another car off can make its driver angry, so that driver cuts off someone else. Pretty soon everybody is angry, and impatient.
Traffic accidents declare millions of lives every year worldwide. In Taiwan alone, over seven people are killed in accidents every day. The annual death rate (年死亡率) from traffic accidents in Taiwan is twice that of Japan.
To allow traffic to move smoothly and safely, everybody must follow the rules. Before you drive, learn all the traffic laws. That way of driving is safe, convenient and even fun!
(1) The word “convenient” in the passage means_______.
A.handy, easy to do
B.that can be changed
C.fond of drinking and merry-making
D.carriages or other trucks
(2) If you cut another car off, its driver may be_______.
A.impatient
B.terrible
C.angry
D.both A and B
(3) The sentence “Traffic accidents declare millions of lives” means “___ ____”.
A.Traffic accidents make some people become millionaires
B.Many people die from traffic accidents
https://www.doczj.com/doc/b67271357.html,lions of people say they themselves have had traffic accidents
https://www.doczj.com/doc/b67271357.html,lions of people remain healthy after traffic accidents
(4) According to the passage, driving can be safe if_______.
A.you are patient
B.you obey all the traffic rules
C.you don’t cut ano ther car off
D.you wait in line at a red light
(5) Which of the following may be the best title for this passage?
A.Traffic Safety
B.A Careful Driver
C.How to Drive a Car
D.A Traffic Accident
Passage 5
Are you thinking of writing someone a letter? Call instead. It isn’t that expensive, especially when you call during the evening, night, or weekend hours. In fact, you can make a ten-minute call anywhere in the continental United States for just $2.60.
For even greater saving, always dial direct, that is, without an operator’s help. Rates (资;费) on direct calls are lower after five o’clock in the evening and lowest after eleven o’clock at night. Collect, person-to-person, and pay phone calls require the services of an operator, and they cost more than direct calls.
Need to call out of the country? Now calls to many overseas places may be dialed direct. Check your telephone direction for overseas area codes.
Next time you have good news, or you just want to stay in touch, remember, a phone call means so much more than a letter. This has been a message from Southern Bell Telephone Company.
(1) To make a ten-minute call costs $2.60, if you are in New York and want to be connected with a person in_______.
A.Alaska
B.Los Angeles
C.Hawaii
D.Mexico City
(2) According to this passage, when is a dial telephone call cheapest?
A.During weekend hours.
B.After 5 in the evening.
C.During working hours.
D.After 11 at night.
(3) Which type of call requires less money?
A.A direct dial call.
B.A collect call.
C.A person-to-person call.
D.A call from a pay phone.
(4) What should one do in order to make an overseas call?
A.Dial the operator.
B.Call telephone Southern Bell Telephone Company.
C.Check the pho ne book for the overseas operator’s number so that he can help you.
D.Check the phone book for overseas area codes so that you can dial direct.
(5) This passage is_______.
A.an article
B.letter
C.a talk
D.a dialogue
Passage 6
Even if you are a good high-jumper, you can jump only about seven feet off the ground. You cannot jump any higher because the earth pulls you hard. The pull of the earth is called gravity.
You can easily find out the pull of the earth. If you weigh yourself, you will know how much gravity is pulling you.
Since there is gravity, water runs down hill. When you throw a ball into the air, it falls back down. Because of gravity, you do not fall off the earth as it whirls (旋转) around.
Then, can we get away from the earth and go far out into space? Now you can do it, because spaceships have been invented. Then spaceship will go so fast that it can escape the earth’s gravity and carry you into space.
(1) In this passage, the word “gravity” means_______.
A.the pull of everything.
B.the force of attraction (吸引) among objects.
C.the force which attracts objects towards the centre of the earth
D.the force which attracts the earth towards the sun.
(2) When you slip you always fall to the ground because_______.
A.the earth always turns round.
B.the earth has gravity
C.the earth’s gravity is greater than your weight.
D.you are careless.
(3) Gravity is strong that_______.
A.it can throw a ball into the air.
B.it makes you jump only seven feet.
C.it can let you fly away from the earth.
D.it can keep everything on earth.
(4) Because of gravity,_______.
A.water flows everything.
B.we can go everywhere by ship.
C.water always flows downwards.
D.fish can live in water.
(5) We can get away from the earth by spaceship because_______.
A.the spaceship goes very fast.
B.the earth can’t pull the spaceship.
C.the spaceship has a strong force.
D.the spaceship can jump higher than other things.
Passage7
In the United States, it is not customary to telephone someone very early in the morning. If you telephone him early in the day, while he is shaving or having breakfast, the time of the call shows that the matter is very important and requires immediate attention. The same meaning is attached to telephone calls made after 11:00 p.m. If someone receives a call during sleeping hours, he assumes it’s a matter of life and death. The time chosen for the call communicates its importance.
In social life, time plays a very important part. In the U.S.A. guests tend to feel they are not highly regarded if the attention to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date. But it is
not true in all countries. In other areas of the world, it may be considered foolish to make an appointment too far in advance because plans which are made for a date more than a week away tend to be forgotten. The meaning of time differs in different parts of the world. Thus, misunderstandings arise (产生) between people from cultures that treat time differently. Promptness is valued highly in American life, for example. If people are not prompt, they may be regarded as impolite or not fully responsible. In the U.S. no one would think of keeping a business associate waiting for an hour. It would be too impolite. A person who is 5 minutes late is expected to make a short apology. If he is less than 5 minutes late, he will say a few words of explanation, though perhaps he will not complete the sentence.
(1) “The same meaning is attached to telephone calls after 11:00 p.m.” Here “attached” means_______.
A.taken
B.drawn
C.given
D.shown
(2) According to this passage, time plays an important role in _____.
A.everyday life
B.social life
C.public life
D.private life
(3) According to the passage, the author may agree to which of the following statements?
A.It is appropriate to send your invitation cards three or four days before a dinner party date in U.S.A.
B.It may be appropriate to send your invitation cards to your guests three or four days before a dinner party date in some countries.
C.It is best for one to make telephone calls at eight because it costs much less.
D.If one is less than 5 minutes late, he has to make a short apology.
(4) The best title for this passage is_______.
A.The Voice of Time
B.The Importance of Time
C.The Importance of an Announcement
D.Time and Tide Wait for No Man
(5) What is the purpose of the author to write this passage?
A.To tell us not to call someone very early.
B.To tell us the meaning of time differs in different parts of the world.
C.To tell us that we should treat time differently in cross-cultural communication.
D.To teach us how to apology when we are late.
Passage 8
The horse came into existence before man on earth. Although the earliest remains of primitive horses have been found on the North American continent, many scientists believe this small species traveled over a land mass. It became extinct (绝种的) in America. Other scientists believe that the horse may have originated in Asia. In any event the animal soon spread into China, Europe, and the Middle East. The first modern horses to be introduced into the American continent came with the early Spanish explorers. Horses were bred into many types. The heavy horses developed in the low countries of Europe and were used for
work and by the medieval knights (中世纪骑士) to ride. The oldest breed of horses is said to be the Arabian. The only true wild horses left in 20th century are found in Mongolia. Horses are said to rate in intelligence after the ape, elephant, and the dog. They have excellent memories and can sometimes find their way home when lost, and sense danger better than their masters. The early civilizations of man that had made use of the horse developed more rapidly than those which had not.
(1) Where did the horse originate?
A.In the Middle East.
B.In Europe.
C.On the North American continent.
D.In Spain.
(2) What were the primary uses of the horse for early man?
A.For food.
B.For power.
C.To make money.
D.To work for him.
(3) What can be said about the varieties of horses?
A.The early horses were larger than the more modern breeds.
B.The only true wild horses left in the 20th century are in the Middle East.
C.The oldest breed of the modern horses is said to be the Arabian.
D.Medieval Knights preferred fast, active horses.
(4) Which of the following characteristics of horses is correct?
A.Poor memories.
B.More intelligent than the dog.
C.Great loyalty.
D.They can sense danger better than man.
(5) What might be the author’s possible purpose in writing this passage?
A.To tell readers that horse appeared earlier than human being.
B.To inform us that horses can help us a lot.
C.To introduce the history and characteristics of horses.
D.To introduce the primitive horses to modern man.
入学测试专科起点大学英语模拟卷参考答案一、词汇
1-5.CDCBD
6-10.BBADA
11-15.DABDB 16-20.BCDAB
21-25.CDBAB 26-30.BAAAC
31-35.BABDB
36-40.CBCBC
41-45.CDDAC
46-50.DDBAB
https://www.doczj.com/doc/b67271357.html,BCA
56-60.BCACC
61-65.ACBCD
二、语法
1-5.BCBBA
6-10.CDBDA 11-15.DABBA https://www.doczj.com/doc/b67271357.html,ADD
21-25.DCBDC 26-30.BABBD
31-35.CBCDB
36-40.CDADD
41-45.CBAAD
https://www.doczj.com/doc/b67271357.html,ACB
51-55.DDCDA
56-60.ADCDB
61-65.DCDBA
三、阅读理解
1.ADCCD
2.CAABC
3.CABDD
4.ACBBA
5.BDACC
6.CBDCA
7.CBBAC
8.CDCDC
江南大学大学英语测试 题及答案 集团档案编码：[YTTR-YTPT28-YTNTL98-UYTYNN08]
大学英语（三）第一阶段a 交卷时间：2017-10-27 07:53:31 一、词汇与结构 1. (5分) These games allow gamers to_____________?with each other and play with o r against other gamers. ?A.?interact ?B.?influence ?C.?fight ?D.?meet 得分：?5 2. (5分)Unlike desktops, smartphones and tablets offer limited space and m ay ________to a customer being less thorough about exploring the menu. ?A.?explain ?B.?tell ?C.?contribute ?D.?cause 得分：?5 3.
(5分)So why do we order with more reckless __________when we're using o ur smartphones and laptops ?A.?food ?B.?drinks ?C.?snacks ?D.?abandon 得分：?5 4. (5分)So, social media is just any Internet _________that can be used to share information with others. ?A.?tool ?B.?way ?C.?medium ?D.?trick 得分：?5 5. (5分)According to Wikipedia, social media has been defined to be “a gr oup of Internet-based __________________. ?A.?facilities ?B.?applications ?C.?systems
江南大学现代远程教育第二阶段练习题 考试科目:《食品质量管理学》第三章、第四章、第五章（总分100分） __________学习中心（教学点）批次：层次： 专业：学号：身份证号： 姓名：得分： 一、单项选择题（本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分。） 1、指出下列因素中造成异常波动的因素（）。 A、天气异常 B、杀菌锅压力表年代已久指示有误差 C、电压波动 D、个别员工打瞌睡 2、考核（）的工作质量不应同企业产品质量指标的完成情况挂钩，否则将会影响对产品质量的监督作用。 A、检验人员 B、技术人员 C、管理人员 D、生产人员 3、全数检验又称（），检验结果通常能反映产品整体质量状况。 A、计数检验 B、计点检验 C、序贯检验 D、100%检验 4、在质量管理中常用（）的方法整理加工数据。 A、制表 B、画曲线图 C、计算机 D、数理统计 5、（）是产品制造过程的基本环节，也是组织生产过程的基本单位。 A、操作手则 B、质量规程 C、流水线 D、工序 6、客观性感官评价是由经过（）按照统计学原理所设计的实验程序进行，用来鉴定不同样品的品质特征。 A、专门训练的学生 B、专门训练的鉴评师 C、随机邀请的人员 D、未经训练的消费者 7、原材料接收与验收阶段，可以采取：抽样调查、（）或进料抽样试验等方法检查（验）质量。 A、索证 B、百分百检查 C、定期检验 D、免检 8、食品企业的食品生产许可证的有效期为（）年，应在期满前6个月内，向原受理食品生产许可证申请的质量技术监督部门提出换证申请。 A、1 B、2 C、3 D、5 9、业主经营范围涉及食品，市场监督管理局应当先按（）的规定进行食品经营条件审核，审核通过后，业主在取得食品流通许可后，办理工商登记。 A、食品生产许可 B、《食品流通许可证管理办法》 C、凭房屋所有证或租借协议 D、税务登记
江南大学入学测试机考 高起点英语模拟题 1、Would you like a cup of coffee, _____________ shall we get to business right away?（2）（） A．and B．then C．or D．otherwise 标准答案：C 2、His offer was ____________ again（2）（） A．taken down B．turned off C．taken off D．turned down 标准答案：D 3、The room needs ____________ before we move in.（2）（） A．cleaned B．cleaning C．being cleaned D．to clean 标准答案：B 4、He shouted to them ___________ the top of his voice but wasn’t heard.（2）（） A．on B．of C．at D．from 标准答案：C 5、You can take ____________ of these two magazines as you please.（2）（） A．any one B．any C．either D．all 标准答案：C 6、You seldom eat a fruit like this, ___________ you?（2）（） A．do B．don’t C．are
标准答案：A 7、Equal pay for equal work is what women have been ___________ for centuries.（2）（） A．referring to B．looking after C．making up D．longing for 标准答案：D 8、______ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.11. ______ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.（2）（）A．There B．This C．That D．It 标准答案：D 9、It was not _______ she took off her sunglasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star.（2）（） A．when,that B．until,that C．until,when D．when,then 标准答案：B 10、Today there are about seven ______ Americans in colleges and universities（2）（） A．millions B．million C．millions of D．million of 标准答案：B 11、I arrived ____ S hanghai _____ February 10 ____ 9:00 o’clock.（2）（） A．at,at,in B．at,on,at C．in,on,at D．in,in,on 标准答案：B 12、He was only in _______ at that time.（2）（） A．his 30’s
交卷时间：2017-10-27 07:53:31 一、词汇与结构 1. (5分) These games allow gamers to_____________?with each other and play wit h or against other gamers. ??A.?interact ??B.?influence ??C.?fight ??D.?meet 纠错 得分：?5 2. (5分)Unlike desktops, smartphones and tablets offer limited space and may ________to a customer being less thorough about exploring the me nu. ??A.?explain ??B.?tell ??C.?contribute ??D.?cause 纠错
得分：?5 3. (5分)So why do we order with more reckless __________when we're usin g our smartphones and laptops? ??A.?food ??B.?drinks ??C.?snacks ??D.?abandon 纠错 得分：?5 4. (5分)So, social media is just any Internet _________that can be used to s hare information with others. ??A.?tool ??B.?way ??C.?medium ??D.?trick 纠错 得分：?5 5.
复试 本人考取2014年江南大学分析化学，由于看网上历年都没有分析化学复试题吗，所以本人愿意提供回忆版愿爱心相传 严格按照大纲复习，不考化学热力学、化学反应速率等， 1.填空题30分左右：考Cr考的最多，问什么金属硬度最大、什么熔点最高、什么密度 最大，铬酸由哪两种物质制备？Cr的电子结构式。写出个物质，问中心杂化方式和构型2.配平反应方程式5道题10分，规定要分别配平氧化反应和还原反应，再配平中反应， 这个简单 3.完成反应方程式这个也是五道十分，这个就很难了，我只拿下四分。比如硫化汞和硝 酸在酸性条件下反应，完成它的反应式并配平；硝酸铅的加热分解；还考了Mn 和Bi 的，具体不记得了，反正很难 4.简答题.为什么金刚石比石墨硬；判别哪些是超氧化合物过氧化物氧化物并判别他 们的稳定性（写出超氧根过氧根等的分子轨道电子排布式在算出键级比较）；给出两个配合物，利用杂化轨道理论和价建理论推出它的杂化方式和构型，并比较他们的稳定性；有一个推断题，太难了，完全不会做 5.计算题关于酸碱的计算题最后一页都有各种计算公式提供参考 第一题是考酸碱磷酸加入氢氧化钠求PH 这个简单利用缓冲溶液计算公式就能求出；第二题是沉淀溶解平衡没有告诉PKa1 和PKa2 后面才知道每个人这个题目都给了满分， 第三题是电池电动势的首先要写出电池符号这个题目难度中等第四题是配位化学的题目感觉有点难算下来基本每一章一道计算题 最后一题压轴了，让我大感意外，二十分问你学习了无机化学这们课程对你以后的研究工作有什么帮助对你报考析化学这门专业有什么帮助，它让你可以从性质平衡结构等方面作答 初试 关于初试我想说明几点，历年真题原版多只能搞到2010年的，这点绝对不会错，因为院方不会提供往年真题，这里我收集了些回忆版 2012 今年无名词解释 60分填空题 40分简答 50分计算考的非常基础！无难题！简答题有一题是用2中滴定方法测过氧化氢的含量（应为间接碘量法和高锰酸钾返滴定） 还有一题问相对保留值和分离度哪个可以作为气相色谱准确定量分析？为什么？（分离度） 还有一题是测NaAc的含量时能否先加入一定量的标准浓度的盐酸，再用氢氧化钠返滴定过量的盐酸，可不可可以？（明显不行，很简单啊！） 最后一题是问为什么原子吸收分光光度法的光源和其他分析方法的区别，为什么不能用其他光源？（锐线光源！峰值吸收转化为积分吸收！） 4道计算分别为络合滴定（最高酸度和最低酸度还有分别滴定的判别式），氧化还原滴定（此题用到滴定度与浓度的转化）
电气工程及自动化专业考研学校科目 北京工业大学 421自动控制原理 复试：1、电子技术2、计算机原理 北京航空航天大学 [双控] 432控制理论综合或433控制工程综合 [检测] 433控制工程综合或436检测技术综合 [系统] 431自动控制原理或451材料力学或841概率与数理统计 [模式] （自动化学院）433控制工程综合或436检测技术综合、（宇航学院）423信息类专业综合或431自动控制原理或461计算机专业综合 [导航] （自动化学院）432控制理论综合或433控制工程综合、（宇航学院）431自动控制原理 复试：无笔试。1) 外语口语与听力考核；2) 专业基础理论与知识考核；3) 大学阶段学习成绩、科研活动以及工作业绩考核；4) 综合素质与能力考核 北京化工大学 440电路原理 复试：综合1(含自动控制原理和过程控制系统及工程)、综合2(含自动检测技术装置和传感器原理及应用)、综合3(含信号与系统和数字信号处理) 注：数学可选择301数学一或666数学（单） 北京交通大学 [双控/检测]404控制理论 [模式]405通信系统原理或409数字信号处理 复试： [电子信息工程学院双控]常微分方程 [机械与电子控制工程学院检测]综合复试（单片机、自动控制原理） [计算机与信息技术学院模式] 信号与系统或操作系统 北京科技大学 415电路及数字电子技术(电路70%，数字电子技术30%) 复试：1.数字信号处理2.自动控制原理 3.自动检测技术三选一 北京理工大学 410自动控制理论或411电子技术（含模拟数字部分） 复试：微机原理+电子技术（初试考自动控制理论者）、微机原理+自动控制理论（初试考电子技术者）、运筹学+概率论与数理统计。 北京邮电大学 [双控][模式]404信号与系统或410自动控制理论或425人工智能 [检测]407电子技术或410自动控制理论 复试： [双控]数据结构控制与智能
物理化学试题之一 一、选择题(每题2分，共50分,将唯一的答案填进括号内) ( )1. 下列公式中只适用于理想气体的是 A. ΔU=Q V B. W=nRTln(p 2/p 1) C. ΔU=dT C m ,V T T 21? D. ΔH=ΔU+p ΔV ( )2. ΔH 是体系的什么 A. 反应热 B. 吸收的热量 C. 焓的变化 D. 生成热 ( )3. 2000K 时反应CO(g)+1/2O 2(g)=CO 2(g)的K p 为 6.443,则在同温度下反应为2CO 2(g)=2CO(g)+O 2(g)的K p 应为 A. 1/6.443 B. (6.443)1/2 C. (1/6.443)2 D. 1/(6.443)1/2 ( ) 4. 固态的NH 4HS 放入一抽空的容器中，并达到化学平衡，其组分数、独立组分数、相数及自由度分别是 A. 1，1，1，2 B. 1，1，3，0 C. 3，1，2，1 D. 3，2，2，2 ( ) 5. 下列各量称做化学势的是 A. i j n ,V ,S i )n ( ≠?μ? B. i j n ,V ,T i )n p (≠?? C. i j n ,p ,T i )n (≠?μ? D. i j n ,V ,S i )n U (≠?? ( ) 6. A 和B 能形成理想溶液。已知在100℃时纯液体A 的饱和蒸汽压为133.3kPa, 纯液体B 的饱和蒸汽压为66.7 kPa, 当A 和B 的二元溶液中A 的摩尔分数为0.5时，与溶液平衡的蒸气中A 的摩尔分数是 A. 1 B. 0.75 C. 0.667 D. 0.5 ( ) 7. 理想气体的真空自由膨胀，哪个函数不变？ A. ΔS=0 B. V=0 C. ΔG=0 D. ΔH=0 ( ) 8. A 、B 两组分的气液平衡T-x 图上，有一最低恒沸点，恒沸物组成为x A =0.7。现有一组成为x A =0.5的AB 液体混合物，将其精馏可得到 A. 纯A 和恒沸混合物 B. 纯B 和恒沸混合物 C. 只得恒沸混合物 D. 得纯A 和纯B ( ) 9. 实验测得浓度为0.200mol ·dm -3的HAc 溶液的电导率为0.07138S ·m -1，该溶液的摩尔电导率Λm (HAc)为 A. 0.3569S ·m 2 ·mol -1 B. 0.0003569S ·m 2 ·mol -1 C. 356.9S ·m 2 ·mol -1 D. 0.01428S ·m 2 ·mol -1 ( ) 10. 表面活性物质溶于水时，关于溶液的表面张力和溶液表面的描述正确的是 A. 表面张力升高，正吸附 B. 表面张力降低，正吸附 C. 表面张力升高，负吸附 D. 表面张力显著降低，正吸附 ( ) 11. 一体积的氢气在0℃，101.3kPa 下等温膨胀至原来体积的3倍，其内能变化是多
大学英语（三）第三阶段 一、完形填空 1. Interviewing, though by no means the only technique for judging the personalities of prospective employees, remains the most widely used. Pencil and paper tests __1__ for many years, but no written technique has gained as wide an acceptance among employers __2__ the traditional dialogue which aims __3__ forecast future behavior by obtaining information about past and __4__. An interview usually __5__ a conversation, which may take __6__ different forms. At one end of the scale is the directed conversation __7__ on topics selected __8__ by the interviewer. At the other __9__ is the undirected at which the person being __10__ goes on about himself __11__ interruption, making his own choice of __12__. In between, and most common, lies the friendly conversation __13__ the interviewer moves at random from one subject to __14__. The carefully phrased questions of the directed conversation invariably yield the precise information the __15__ is looking for. __16__, the friendly conversation __17__ turns out to be less __18__ since the interviewer often __19__ dominating the exchange. And only in very skilled hands __20__ be an outcome of the uninterrupted talk. 纠错 (1) )分(1． A. have existed ? B. existed ? C. exist ? D. existing ?得分：1
江南大学食品科学与工程专业卓越工程师培养方案
“卓越工程师培养计划” 本科阶段实施方案 食 品 科 学 与 工 程 专 业 二○○九年十二月
目录 1、食品科学与工程专业总体概况 (1) 2、食品科学与工程专业培养标准 (4) 3、食品科学与工程专业培养方案 (12) 4、食品科学与工程专业企业培养方案 (19) 江南大学“卓越工程师培养计划”
食品科学与工程专业总体概况 一、专业基本情况 食品科学与工程专业集合并发展了自20世纪50年代以来本校在食品科学、食品工程、粮油工程等学科的教学与科研资源，具有鲜明的工科特色，主要为食品生产技术管理、品质控制、科学研究、工程设计等领域培养高级工程技术人员和管理人员。本专业起源于1952年，由南京大学、复旦大学、武汉大学、浙江大学和当时的江南大学五校的食品学科合并而成。1998年全国专业目录调整后，将原先的食品工程、食品科学、粮食工程、油脂工程、制糖工程等专业合并，统一按照“食品科学与工程”一级专业招生。以深厚的科学研究和实践基础为支撑，毕业生专业基础扎实，具有很强的研究和动手能力，与现代科学技术有机结合，学生具有宽广的知识面和前瞻性的眼光。 二、专业优势 历史悠久：食品科学与工程专业成立的时间超过了半个世纪，具有悠久的历史和深厚的积淀，经过多年努力，食品科学与工程专业在国内拥有了较高的知名度，在国际上也有一定的影响，悠久的历史是专业得以持续稳定发展的基础。 有很强的学科支撑：食品科学与工程是国内本事域唯一的一级重点学科。本专业从20世纪60年代初开始研究生教育，1984年首批取得食品工程博士学位授予权，随后又建立了国内唯一的
江南大学大学英语三第三阶段 词汇 1、There are both playboys and ________men in the “Affluent Second Generation.”---B. loyal 2、Americans are more __________ to choose “love” as a reason for marriage than any other factor.--C.inclined 3、The new engine must be thoroughly _____ before being out on the market.---A. tried out 4、What t he story wants to tell us is that it will be difficult to ________to principles if their differences only lie in quantity rather than quality.----- C. adhere 5、You’d better _____ the warm weather by going for a walk this afternoon.--C. take advantage of 6、I must _____ my lawyer before I make my final decisions.--- B. contact 7、According to ___________ values, true love is a precondition for good marriages.--- C. mainstream 8、Avoid buying junk food - Resist the _________of buying junk food while shopping or going outside.--- B. temptation 9、Fruits and dry nuts would ________ your hunger away and keep you from binging on junk food.—不选DA 10、If children are taught to eat healthy and_________food from an early age, they would grow up to be strong---A. nutritious 11、We tried to _____ him _____climbing the mountain without a guide.--- A. discourage…from 12、We will not have the picnic unless more people _____.---D. signed up 13、The two cars were broken into pieces in the _____.---A. collision 14、Americans believe that love is the main ___________of marriage.--- C. requirement 15、We are _____ to John for bringing the books.--- A. grateful 16、If a girl just wanted to marry a rich man regardless of his character or true feelings, her “good marriage”would just be _____________.---D. self-deception 17、The ship _____ South America.--- A. is bound for 18、Many parents are at fault for their children to be obese at such a young age as they failed to___________their eating habits.---C 19、Jean _____ own a car but I don’t believe her.--- A. claims 20、The lifeboat went out to rescue a ship in _____.---D. distress 阅读理解 One day a few years ago a very funny thing happened to a neighbour of mine. 1、Who wrote the story?---D. The teacher’s neighbor. 2、Why did the teacher put a skeleton in his suitcase?---B. He needed
食品工艺学05 一、填空题（40）： 1.食品保藏的实质是通过物理化学和生物等手段，控制和抑制微生物和酶的活性并尽量减少营养成分损失，使食品的储藏期提高。 2.当食品处于某一空气相对湿度Ψ下达到平衡时，某食品的水分活度Aw是食品内有效水分含量，且在数值上与用百分率表示的相对湿度相等，若Aw.> Ψ则食品将会有水分蒸发，当Aw<Ψ，则食品会吸湿。 3.新鲜的果蔬冷藏温度范围常控制在0～5℃，原因是抑制酶的活动和呼吸作用，延缓储备物的分解，任何冰点相近的食品，当以不同冻结速度降至冻藏温度时，他们的冷耗量应相同，食品冻结过程中冻结层分解面速度和溶质扩散速度决定了冻结食品内溶质集合分布的程度。冻肉的食用品质常受着冷冻条件、储藏和解冻等条件的影响。 4.区分低酸性食品与酸性食品的界限是PH4.6和Aw0.85，原因是PH≤4.6时肉毒梭状芽孢杆菌的芽孢受到抑制，不会生长繁殖,当Aw≤0.85时其芽孢也不能生长繁殖.低酸性食品的杀菌对象菌是P.A.3679生芽孢梭状芽孢杆菌（P385），商业灭菌的灭菌值应达到12Dr的要求，酸性食品中的平酸菌为嗜热凝结芽孢杆菌，商业灭菌的杀菌值为6Dr。 5.为了保证回热过程中食品表面不致有冷凝水现象，最关键要求是同食品表面接触的空气的露点，必须始终低于食品表面温度。 6.检查焊锡三片罐二重卷边的三个主要指标是卷边紧密度、卷边内重合率，卷边外部是否光滑。 7.在食品工业中重要的发酵类型有乳酸发酵、酒精发酵、醋酸发酵、丁酸发酵和产气发酵，不受欢迎的发酵类型有：丁酸发酵、产气发酵。在蔬菜腌制时必须压紧，严密封口，这是因为乳酸菌在有氧条件下使糖分解为水和二氧化碳，无氧条件下糖分解为乳酸且有氧条件下霉菌能生长。 8.使用食品添加剂必须符合卫生部颁发的《食品添加剂使用标准》，必须严格执行《食品添加剂卫生管理方法》。在食品化学保藏中使用食品添加剂是防腐剂和抗氧化剂（抗坏血酸、生育酚和维C）。 二、是非题（10） （×）1.当食品处于恒率干燥阶段时，水分蒸发速率一致食品温度逐渐增加。 （×）2.要使食品的最终水含量最低可采用顺流式干燥。（见P55） （×）3.冷却率因素主要是用来校正由于各种食品的冷耗量不同而引起设备热负荷分布不匀的一个系数。（见P150） （×）4.罐头经正常杀菌式操作后出现的胀罐属于物理性质的胀罐。（见P391） （×）5.杀菌不足引起的胀罐，菌检时微生物类型较多且耐热性强。（见P394） （×）6.罐头杀菌后应及时冷却，冷却温度越低，制品质量越高。 （√）7.果蔬成熟度低，组织坚硬，食品内气体排除困难，在热力排气时，应适当增加排气时间。 （×）8.α-射线因透射能力小和电离能力小，而不能用于食品辐射保藏。（电离大） （√）9.在辐射保藏中是将A型肉毒杆菌芽孢作为彻底灭菌的对象菌。 （×）10.烟熏制品都是熟制品。 三、名词解释（20） 1.商业性无菌：在有效保质期内，产品不发生变质，使食品的微生物个数减少到零或有限个数，此时，食品可在任何条件下贮藏。 2.D值：在一定的处境中和在一定的热力致死温度条件下某细菌数群中每杀死90%原有残存活菌数时所需要的时间。 3.酸化食品：人为向食品中添加酸性物质或产酸物质。 4.冰晶最大生成带：指-1～-5℃的温度范围内，大部分的食品在此温度范围内约80%的水分形成冰晶。研究表明，应该以最快速度通过最大冰晶生成带。 5.干缩：食品在冷却及冷藏时，因为温湿度差而发生表面水分蒸发。 6.半干半湿食品：部分脱水而可溶性固形物的浓度则高到足以束缚残余水分的一类食品。（P113）
一、阅读理解 1. Chess must be one of the oldest games in the world. An Arab traveller in India in the year 900 wrote that it was played 'long, long ago.' Chess was probably invented in India, and it has been played everywhere from Japan to Europe since 1400. The name 'chess' is interesting. When one player is attacking the other's king, he says in English, 'check'. When the king has been caught and cannot move anywhere, he says 'check mate'. These words come from Persian 'Shah mat' means 'the king is dead'. That is when the game is over, and one player has won. 答：A B A B B 2. Herman had worked for the bank of Ruritania for ten years and was still only a clerk. He was not satisfied with the position and wanted to find something better. Yet he did not want to lose his position in bank before he had got another one, so he prepared a letter about himself, with the words "HELP! I AM A PRISONER OF THE BANK OF RURITANIA!" in big letters across the top. Then he sent it to several other banks, asking them for a job. 答：B A A B A 1. In 1801, Thomas Jefferson was the first president to take the oath of office in the nation's permanent capital, Washington D.C. Although
江南大学现代远程教育第一阶段练习题 考试科目:《仪器分析原理》第1章至第3章（总分100分） 一、名词解释(每小题3分，共计30分) 1、非光谱分析法：基于辐射与物质相互作用时,测量辐射的某些性质,如折射、散射、干涉、衍射和偏振等变化的分析方法。 2、精密度：是指在相同的条件下,多次平行分析结果相互接近的程度。它表明测定数据的再现性。精密度用偏差來表示。偏差数值越小,说明测定结果的精密度越高。 3、光致激发：分子或离子等吸收紫外或可见光后,再以紫外或可见光的形式发射能量,这种现象称为光致发光。 4、紫外—可见光光谱：也叫分子吸收光谱,利用某些物质的分子吸收10～800nm光谱区的辐射来进行分析测定的方法。 5、选择性地吸收：物质的电子结构不同，所能吸收光的波长也不同，这就是物质对光选挥性吸收的基础。 6、试剂空白：当试剂、显色剂有吸收而试液无色时,以不加试液的试剂、显色剂按照操作步骤配成参比溶液，即为试剂空白。 7、配对池：吸收池由于在使用过程中受化学腐蚀或受摩擦的程度不同，因此在相同条件下测定的本底吸光度有差异，差异最小的同一规格的吸收池称之为配对池。 8、原子线：原子外层电子吸收激发能后产生的谱线。 9、自吸变宽：在空心阴极灯中,激发态原子发射出的光，被阴极周围的同类基态原子所吸收的自吸现象，也会使谱线变宽，同时也使发生强度减，弱致使标准曲线弯曲。 10、所谓光谱通带：光谱通带是指单色器出射光谱所包含的波长范围。选择光谱通带，实际上就是选择单色器的狭缝宽度，这在待测元素共振线附近存在干扰时尤为重更。 11、光谱分析法：是物质于光相互作用时，物质内部发生了量子化的能级间的跃迁从而测定光谱的波长，和强度而进行的分析方法，包括发射光谱法和吸收光谱法。 12、灵敏度：被测组分在低浓度区，当浓度改变一个单位时，所引起的测定信号的该变量。 13、分子的振动能：与光谱的产生有关，相邻两个振动能级相距，可以给出价健特性等结构信息。 14、红外光谱：如果一个分子获得的能量小于，只能发生转动能级的跃迁，如果分子吸收红外光线，则能引起分子的振动能级和转动能级的跃迁，这样得到的光谱就是红外光谱。 15、线光谱：又处于气相的单个原子发生电子能级跃迁所产生的锐线，线宽大约为10-4A 16、溶剂空白：当显色剂，试剂在测定波长下都无吸收时，用纯溶剂作参比溶液。 17、吸收池：放式样的由透明材料制成的容器械，常用石英或熔融石英、玻璃。 18、离子线：离子的外层电子从到能级跃迁到低能级时所发射的谱线。 19、压力变宽：气体压力升高，粒子之间相互碰撞的机会越高，碰撞引起原子或分子的能级稍
江南大学现代远程教育第三阶段测试卷考试科目:《管理会计》第九章至第十三章（总分100分） 时间：90分钟 学习中心（教学点）批次：层次： 专业：学号：身份证号： 姓名：得分： 一、填空（把答案填在题中的横线上。每空1分，共10分。） 1、为了制定企业战略，高层管理者必须分析企业的内外环境，明确企业的优势、劣势、 机会和威胁，简称为SWOT分析。 2、作业成本计算法，可以归纳为“作业消耗资源，产品消耗作业”。 3、采用标准成本进行帐户处理时，对产品的标准成本与成本差异应分别进行核算。 4、责任会计的主要内容可以分为责任会计制度的建立和实施两大部分。 5、企业在竞争中取胜的战略主要有低成本战略、高差异战略和集中型战略。 二、单选（选出一个正确答案填入题中的括号里。每题1分，共10分。） 1、战略管理会计对投资方案的评价除了定量分析模型以外，还应用了大量的（ B ）方法。 A、统计分析； B、定性分析； C、数学分析； D、净现值分析。 2、滚动预算是一种自始至终保持十二个月的预算幅度的预算，故又称为（ C ）。 A、固定预算； B、弹性预算； C、永续预算； D、变动预算。 3、计算数量差异要以（ A ）为基础。 A、标准价格； B、实际价格； C、标准成本； D、实际成本。 4、（ D ）是企业内部在一定责任范围内控制成本、使用资金、实现收益的单位。 A、成本中心； B、利润中心； C、投资中心； D、责任中心。 5、预计期初存货50件，期末存货40件，本期销售250件，则本期生产量为（ C ）件。 A、260； B、250件； C、240件； D、230件。 6、在现代制造业中，（ C ）的比重极大地增加，结构也彻底发生了改变。 A、直接人工； B、直接人工； C、间接费用； D、期间费用。 7、（ B ）是其他预算的起点。 A、生产预算； B、销售预算； C、现金预算； D、财务预算。 8、直接人工的小时工资率标准，在采用计时工资制下就是（ B ）。 A、实际工资率； B、标准工资率； C、定额工资率； D、正常工资率。 9、对成本、收入、利润负责的是（ B）。
江南大学现代远程教育 2012年下半年第三阶段测试卷考试科目:《大学英语（三）》（总分100分） 时间：90分钟 学习中心（教学点）批次：层次： 专业：学号：身份证号： 姓名：得分： 一、交际英语（10％） 1、- What are you majoring in? - _________ A：In a university. B：Very hard. C：Mathematics.D：At nine in the morning. 2、- Are you going on holiday for a long time? - _________ A：It was a long time. B：Two weeks ago. C：No. Only a couple of days. D：Not long time ago. 3、- Can you help me? - _________ A：No, I don't know. B：Sure. What is it? C：Don't mention it. D：That's it. 4、- Do you think this is a nice place? - _________ A：That's all right. B：You're well. C：No, it's not here. D：Yes, I think so. 5、- How's your mother doing? - _________ A：She is very kind. B：She is very well. C：She is not very old. D：She is doing shopping now. 二、阅读理解（30％） 1、People often say that the Englishman's home is his castle. They mean that the home is very important and personal. Most people in Britain live in houses rather than flats, and many people own their homes. This means that they can make them personal, and change them in any way they like. Most houses have a garden, even if it is a small one, and the garden is usually loved. The house and the garden are the private space of a person. In a crowded city a person knows that he or she has a private space which is only for himself or herself and for invited friends. People usually like to mark their space. If you are on the beach you may have spread your towels around you; in the rain you may have put your coat or small bag on the seat beside you; in a library you may spread your books around you.
江南大学2005年硕士学研究生入学考试试题（微生物学-发酵） 江南大学2007年硕士学研究生入学考试试题（发酵-微生物学）一、名词解释（3*15）
1.接合孢子 2.局限性转导 3.碳源物质 4.芽孢5基团移位 6.移码突变 7.生长因子 8.准性生殖 9.巴斯德灭菌 10.连续灭菌11.HFR菌株 12.对数生长期13.prophage 14.prototroph 15.PCR 二、问答题 1.微生物菌名的命名法则是什么？并举例说明。 2.霉菌形态观察中，制片常用的是什么染色剂？试说明每种成分的主要作用。 3.举例讨论微生物之间的互生、共生、竞争、寄生、和拮抗关系。 4.试叙述细菌和酵母细胞壁的化学组成和结构的特点。 5.好氧微生物液体培养主要有那些形式？他们各自有哪些用途和特点。 6.设计方案从自然界中分离筛选蛋白酶产生芽孢杆菌的步骤，并简要说明每一步的理由及注意点。 7.试叙述以野生型大肠杆菌为出发株，采用紫外线诱变技术，获得一株氨基酸营养缺陷型突变株的操作过程。 8.试从遗传学角度讨论人为打破微生物代谢的自动调节、过量积累中间代谢产物的3种方法。 江南大学2008年硕士学研究生入学考试试题（发酵-微生物学） 一、名词解释（6*5） 1、孢囊孢子与囊孢子 2、PFU与CFU 3、斜面保藏法与冷冻干燥法 4、基因文库和cDNA文库 5、活性污泥与生物膜 二、简答题（35，可以用图、表、文字来表达） 1、试述Escherichia coli和Staphylococcus aureus细胞壁肽聚糖构成（9） 2、比较营养物质跨膜输送的方式（9） 3、什么是抗药性？细胞产生抗药性的生化机制有那些？（8） 4、比较原核生物三种遗传物质转移的方式（9） 三、问答题（85） 1、什么是细胞微生物的群体生长曲线，分为哪几个阶段？各个阶段的细胞数变化规律和细胞的生理特点如何？在科研和生产上有何应用？（28） 2、某药厂以细胞为生产菌种进行抗生素发酵，在夏季生产时其中有几罐出现异常，请设计实验分析确证是出现杂菌污染还是感染了噬菌体，并给出应采取哪些整治和预防措施？（30） 3、请设计一个完整的实验，从土壤中分离筛选放线菌，以获得对真菌有拮抗作用的抗生素产生菌。（27） 2009年硕士学研究生入学考试试题（发酵-微生物学） 考试科目：823微生物学（发酵）A 请将题号和答案写在答题纸上，直接写在试卷上无效！ 一、判断题：正确的回答T，不正确的回答F（2分*15） 1. 一般情况下，在土壤中细菌的总数和生物量往往都是高的。 2. 青霉素抑制肽聚糖分子中肽桥的生物合成，因此对于生长旺盛的细胞明显的抑制作用，而对于休止细胞无抑制作用。 3. 芽孢在适宜条件下可以萌发成为营养细胞，但芽孢不是细菌的繁殖方式。 4. 发酵是一种没有外源电子受体的生物氧化方式。