第二册语法总结
I．单数主语：
1．当every-, some-, any-, no- 等构成的不定代词及each, either, neither 作主语时，谓语动词为单数。Someone has told me about it. Neither of us likes the film.
2．当every 或each 位于两个由连接词连接的单数主语前，谓语动词用单数。（必记之要点！）
Each girl and boy has a nickname.
Every man and woman is welcome.
3．位于主谓之间的介词短语不影响谓语动词的数，谓语动词须和主语一致。常见介词短语有：in addition to, together with, as well as, along with, but, except, etc.
（这是一几乎所有考试都不愿放过的重点。）
The teacher along with his students is going to the party.
His parents as well as his elder sister have come to see him. II．复数主语：
1．当主语由and 或both ... and 连接，通常采用复数谓语动词。
● Both thegirl and the boyare his friends.
2．如主语是both, few或主语前有both, few, several, many 等限定词时，谓语动词须用复数。
● Several novels have been written by her.
● Both got the news at the same ti me.
3．下列名词总是复数形式且谓语动词必须用复数。
trousers, pants（裤子），jeans, glasses, scissors（剪刀），tweezers （镊子），pliers（钳子），
scales （天平），compasses（圆规），etc.
● The trousers hereare mine.
别忘了：如果以上名词受“a pair of” “the pair of”修饰时，谓语动词用单数。
The pair of pants is too dirty.
III．单、复数的灵活运用：
1．当主语由neither... nor, either... or, not only ... but also 或or 连接时，谓语动词与nor, or, but also后面的词一致，在英语语法中，这被称之为“就近原则”。
● Neither he nor I am going to the airport.
● Not only Mary but also her parents have gone abroad.
2．当主语前面有none, all, some, any, most, half, majority等词时，谓语动词则根据主语的具体情况而采用相应的单、复数。
All of the money has been in the bank. (money 是不可数名词) All of us have been here.
3．“a number of”是复数，修饰可数名词，谓语动词为复数，“the number of”也修饰复数名词，但谓语动词用单数。（黄金要点！！）
● A number of students have passed the exam.
● The number of students in this class is 50.
IV. 用作单数的复数形式主语：
1．如主语是指：time, money, weight, volume, etc. 虽为复数形式，但谓语用单数形式。
Two years is a short time.
One hundred dollars is needed by me.
2．下列单词如：physics，economics，mathematics，statistics，etc；measles，mumps，herpes，etc，news，ethics，politics，etc. 为复数形式，但谓语动词用单数。
Statistics is a dull subject.
Politics is important.
3．书、报、杂志、电影的名称作主语，谓动用作单数。
The New York Times is a good newspaper.
V．下列名词在形式上保持不变，但谓语动词的数取决于其意义：1．family，team，class，committee，group，audience，faculty，etc.
The family is big.（总体）
His f2．species，series，etc.
The species is rare.
These species are common.
3．sheep，deer，etc.
The sheep are eating grass.
The sheep is big.
VI. Chinese, English, French, etc 指语言时，谓动是单数，如与"the" 搭配，指人民时，谓语动词用复数。
English is used widely.
The English love peace.
VII. 注意下列外来语的单复数形：
单数
crisis
criterion（标准）phenomenon radius（半径）alumnus（男校友）datum（资料）medium（媒体）index（索引）appendix（附录）alga（海藻）
vita（生命）
复数
bases
crises
criteria phenomena
radii
alumni
data
media
indices appendices
vitae
family like to watch TV.（家庭所有成员）
新概念英语第二册语法精粹二基本句型
精要：五种基本句型
1．主+谓（不及物动词）
Man can think. The fire is burning.
不可忽视：常用不及物动词有
break, breathe, burn, smoke, swim, skate, appear, disa ppear, work, think etc.
2．主+谓+表语（系动词）
He became a scientist.
She is getting more and more beautiful.
不可忽视：常用系动词：
be, get, turn, feel, seem, appear, look
taste, sound, smell, become, go, prove etc.
3．主+谓+宾（及物动词）
We love peace.
They will paint the door.
常用动词有：
see, watch, need, love, like, study, answer, carry, etc. 4．主+谓+宾+宾补
We elected him president.
They painted the door white.
I advised the students to recite the texts.
王牌重点：常用作宾补的形式：（请将每个例句大声朗读一遍）（1）名词：
The couple named their baby Johnson.
（2）形容词：
I keep the door open.
（3）副词：
The naughty boy knocked the bottle over.
（4）不定式：
He ordered his men to fire.
（5）分词：
He heard me singing.
I saw the vase broken.
（6）介词短语：
They look on him as a teacher.
（7）名词性从句：
5．（1）主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语
My friend bought me a gift.
I passed him the book.
（2）主+谓+直宾+介词+间宾
My friend bought a gift for me.
I passed the book to him.
忘记就意味着背叛→
常与介词for 搭配的动词有：
buy, make, do
get, play, call, choose, cook, fetch, find, keep order, s ave, etc.
常与介词to 搭配的动词有：
bring, give, grant, hand, pass, lend, offer, pay, promis e, sell, send, show, each, tell, throw, write, etc.
一．不定式
1．定义：具有名词、形容词及副词性质并具有时态、语态变化。2．形式：（以do为例）
主动语态被动语态
一般时to do to be done
进行时to be doing
完成时to have done to have been done
完成进行时to have been doing
3．用法：
（1）用作主语：
To speak good English is not easy.
or: It is not easy to speak good English.
（采用形式主语it 以避免头重脚轻）
It took me an hour to do the work.
（2）用作宾语：
She decided to take the examination.
I hope to meet him soon.
（3）宾语补足语：
They expected us to help them.
Hewants his son to study hard.
金牌重点：
不定式作宾补，如谓语动词是感官动词，使役性动词（see, hear, notice, watch, make, have, let...），则不定式符号“to”须省略，但在被动语态中不能省。
I heard them sing in the classroom.
I made her clean the room.
The girl is heard to sing an English song.
（4）用作表语：To teach is to learn.
His job is to sell cars.
（5）用作状语，表示目的，结果。
We come to school to study English.（目的）
= in order to
I hurried to the store, only to find it closed.（结果）
（6）定语：不定式短语作定语须位于名词之后。
He asked for a piece of paper to write it on.
= to write it on the piece of paper.
The poor man has no house to live in.
= to live in the house.
Have you anything to do?
= to do anything
4．不定式的时态意义：
She seems to dance very well.（现在情况）
She seems to be dancing in the dancing hall.（正在进行）
She seems to have danced well.（过去情况）
Has was happy to have been staying with his uncle.（动作持续一段时间）
5．不定式语态：
The doctor recommended him to air the room.
The doctor recommended the room to be aired.
She expects the police to find her bicycle.
She expects her bicycle to be found by the police.
She felt a bit puzzled as he had asked her such a question. She felt a bit puzzled to have been asked such a question. 6．不定式否定形式：not to do ...
He got up early in order not to miss the train.
动名词：
1．动名词定义：具有名词性质，可在句中担任主语，宾语表语，定语，具有所有格作修饰语。
2．形式：以do为例
doing →being done
having done →having been done
3．用法：
（1）主语：
Saving is easier than doing.
His coming here will be a great help.
It is no use waiting here, he has left.
It is no goodsmoking.
There is no getting along with him.（简直无法和他相处）
……以上例句皆必须要背诵！……
（2）表语：His job is keeping the hall clean as possible. Seeing is believing.
（3）宾语：
a. 动词宾语：He admitted taking the book.
I do mind your smoking here.
重磅要点，请读20 遍：下列动词须跟动名词作宾语：
admit, appreciate, avoid, complete, delay, deny, enjoy, fancy, finish, mind, practice, resent, risk, suggest, allow , permit...
特注：以allow为例：allow + doing sth（动名词作宾语）。但可以：Allow sb to do sth（不定式作宾补）。
这类动词常见如advise, allow, permit, recommend, etc.
b. 作介词宾语：
He left without saying goodbye to us.
I'm looking forwardto meeting you.（to 在这里是介词）
（4）定语：
reading room swimming pool walking stick
4．动名词复合结构：由名词所有格或物主代词与动名词构成。
His leaving is a great loss.
Mother dislikes my (me) working late.
John's having seen her did not make her worried.
注：动名词复合结构多作主语或宾语，作主语是必须是所有格。如上二例，但作宾语时可以用所有格，也可用普通格。（解释得很拗口，请将例句看透即可！）
5．动名词时态：
I am thinking of setting a new dictionary.（以后）
He never talked to me about his having been in Paris.（以前）6．动名词语态：
He doesn't like being flattered.
I heard of his having been chosen to be the coach of the team. 7．动名词与不定式在用法上的几点比较：
（1）在begin，start，continue 等词后用动名词或不定式区别不大。He began writing / to write in 1980.
（2）下列动词跟不定式或动名词所表示意义差别很大，注意使用。（用心咀嚼！）
He stopped talking. 停止讲话。
He stopped to talk. 停下来开始讲话。
Please remember to post the letter. 记住寄走这封信。
I remember posting the letter. 我记得寄出了这封信。
I forgot to lock the door yesterday. 昨天我忘记锁门了。（未锁）
I forgot telling him the news. 我忘了我曾告诉过他这个消息。（做过的事情忘记了）
分词
1．分词的性质：
具有形容词性质，可以在句中担任表语、定语、宾补、状语，现在分词表示主动，且动作在进行：过去分词表示被动，或动作已完成。
2．分词的形式：
例：write (vt) rise (vi)
主动语态被动语态主动过去分词
时态
现在时writing being
written rising risen /
完成时having written having been written having risen /
3．分词的用法：
（1）定语分词置于被修饰名词前
分词短语于置于被修饰名词后
a sleeping baby = a baby who is sleeping
a running dog = a dog which is running
a broken glass = a glass which is broken
a beaten team = a team which is beaten（beaten 是被打败的意思）
This is the problem discussed at the last meeting.
The problem being discussed is very important.
（2）表语：The book is interesting.
He is interested in the book.
The news is exciting.
He feels excited.
1．何时运用被动语态：
（1）强调动作的接受者：America was discovered by Columbus. （2）不知谁是动作的执行者：You are wanted on the phone.
（3）作客观说明：It is said that the meeting has been put off.（经典句型）
2．主动变被动的基本方法：（说起来容易，掌握起来需要用心！）（1）主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
（2）谓语动词变为由“be + 过去分词”的形式，配合时态作相应变化。（3）主动语态主语置于介词by之后，如无必需，则省略。
（4）不及物动词没有被动语态。
现在do (does) →am / is / are + done
We keep the piano in the living-room.
→The piano is kept in the living-room.
过去did→was / were + done
They built the bridge in 1980.
→The bridge was built in 1980.
将来shall shall
will do →will + be + done
He will read the book tomorrow.
→The book will be read tomorrow.
现在完成have have
has done →has + been + done
We have delivered the newspaper.
→The newspapers have been delivered (by us).
过去完成had done →had been done
She had seen the film before she came here.
→The film had been seen before she came here.
将来完成shall shall
will have done →will have + been + done
By the end of this term we shall have finished 80 texts.
→By the end of this term 80 texts will have been finished.
现在进行am am
is doing →is + being + done
are are
They are drawing the picture.
→The picture is being drawn by them.
过去进行was doing →was + being + done
were were
He was reviewing their lessons at this moment yesterday.
→Their lessons were being reviewed at this moment yesterday. 情态动词may may
can can
must must
should do →should + be + done
ought to ought to
used to used to
You must write an article on the subject.
→An article must be written on the subject.
比较级构成方式：
A．adj / adv + er / est
poor→poorer→poorest fast→faster→fastest B．词尾e + r / st
large→larger→largest fine→finer→finest
C．重读闭音节中短元音+ 辅音词尾→双写辅音词尾+ er / est. big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest
D．辅音+ y→i + er / est
dry→drier→driest angry→angrier→angriest E．多音节形容词及副词：
more + adj / adv most + adj / adv
F．不规则变化：
good / well→better→best bad / ill→worse→worst many / much→more→most little→less→least
late→later→/ latest
late→latter→last
far→farther→farthest
far→further→furthest
【用法示例】
比较级用于二者相比较，由than构成比较状语从句：
（1）?. He looks stronger than I(do).
?. The climate of Shanghai is hotter than that of Beijing.
?. My Schoolbag is larger than hers.
?. The book is much more interesting than that one.
笔记要点：两个相比较的主语必须相对应。
（2）?. It is getting colder and colder.
?. She is becoming more and more beautiful
. 笔记要点：两个形容词比较级由and连在一起，表示“越来越……”（3）?. The older we grow, the poorer our memory will be. ?. The earlier we start, the sooner we'll get there.
笔记要点：这种句型结构表示“越……越……”
（4）?. I prefer the cheaper one of the two books.
?. Of the two brothers, he is the cleverer.
笔记要点：二者之比较。而Of the three girls, she is the cleverest. 最高级构成方式：
三者或三者以上进行比较，“the + 形容词/ 副词est”。
(1) John is the tallest of the three.
He runs fastest in our class.（副词的最高级the可省略）
This is the most difficult book I've read.
(2) He is cleverer than any other boy in the class.（有than时只用比较级）
She is younger than all the other students.
名词所有格
1．在大多数名词末加“'s”
the boy's toy, men's work
2．以s结尾的复数名词直接加“'”
the students' reading room
3．以s结尾的单数名词加“'”
Dickens' novels the actress' performance
4．合成名词在最后一个词上加“s”
her brother-in-law's piano.
Somebody else's books. （重要！）
【金牌重点】：除用于有生命的人外，“'s”格还可用于度量衡、地域、天体及一些习语中：
an hour's drive, a mile's journey
ten pounds' weight. Beijing's weather
the earth's surface
a stone's throw 投石之距离
at one's wits end 智穷计尽
to one's heart's content 尽情地
by a hair's breadth 千钧一发
at a snail's pace 缓慢地
5．双重所有格：
如果被修饰的名词前有不定冠词、不定代词、指示代词、疑问代词修饰。则要采用双重所有格。
a friend of mine （名词性物主代词）
a child of hers
the love poems of your sister's
注意区别：
● a portrait of her mother 她母亲的画像（画中人）
● a portrait of her mother's 她母亲拥有的画像中的一幅（不一定是她母亲的画像）
复合名词复数形式：
1．中间没有连字符的合成名词在词尾变复数：
bookshelf→bookshelves handful→handfuls
2．man和woman构成的复合名词，二者均变为复数。
man servant→men servants
woman teacher→women teachers
3．中间有连字符的合成次，在主体词（中心意义的词）末尾变复数：sister-in-law→sisters-in-law
looker-on→lookers-on
editor-in-chief→editors-in-chief
4．下列合成名词在后一个词上变化：
sit-in→sit-ins, grown-up→grown-ups
stand-by→stand-bys touch-me-not→touch-me-nots
go-between→go-betweens
L.1 1．五大基本句型2．零冠词精讲背诵 L.2 1.现在进行时与一般现在时2．感叹句的基本结构精讲 L.3 1.“给予”动词带双宾精讲背诵 L.4 1．现在完成时2．Accept vs.receive3.excited vs. exciting知识点和第五课重复，可以不讲 L.5 1.一般现在时与过去完成时的区别2．In 3 minutes vs. in 3 minutes’time3. 带way的短语精讲课文：背诵课文 L.6 1.in vs.on2.不定冠词的一般用法3 动词词组搭配精讲课文：背诵 L.7 1.expect的用法2．过去进行时3．When, while and as4. 小品词（副词vs介词）精讲 L.8 1.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级2．谓语动词的单复数确定精讲：背诵 L.9 1.基本时间介词的用法：at, in, on, during, through, till, until2 时间表示法次精讲 L.10 1.被动语态2．名词所有格，双重所有格（37）3.made in, made of, made from, made by精讲;鼓励背诵，加强语感 L.11 1.deserve的用法2．不定式作宾语动词后是否需要先加一个名词或代词次精讲：适合背诵L.12 1．一般将来时可以不讲 L.13 1.将来进行时和一般将来时的区别精讲 L.14 1．Except, except for, apart from次精讲 L.15 1.afford的用法2.interrupt的用法3．直接引语与间接引语精讲：背诵 L.16 1．Remind的用法2．Fail的用法3．if条件句精讲：背诵 L.17 1.in spite of2.介词的用法in, 3 情态动词精讲：鼓励背诵L. 18 1.have的多种用法（助动词，完全动词）2．关于give的词组自学课文L. 19 1.hurry的用法2．Can vs may; can vs could; may vs might3. might as well次精讲：设置场景，组对背诵 L.20 1.动名词充当主语和宾语2．Instead of vs. instead精讲：背诵 L.21 1.含助动词的被动语态2．Come into3.drive的不同用法4．Home vs. house次精讲 L.22 1 课后介词搭配练习文章次精讲 L.23 1.there is vs. it is自学课文
沪江21-24 一、词汇精讲 mad adj. 1）生气的 【固定搭配】 be mad at sb. 对某 【例句】 She defended her childr 她保护着孩子免受疯狗 2）痴迷的 【固定搭配】be mad about 对【例句】 I ’m mad about him. 我很迷他。 3）发疯的，发狂的 【例句】 She went mad after the 儿子死后她就疯了。【拓展记忆】 go+ adj. 变得……go mad/ wild/ insa aeroplane n. 飞机 【记忆方法】 aero-空气（的） ；aero-+plane → aerobic exercise reason n. 原因，理由 【词义辨析】reason & cause & p reason 对某事的解释，理由 【例句】 Give me one good reaso 给我一个好的理由。cause 产生某结果的原因 沪江英语绿宝书之 新概念2 24课 知识点汇总 对某人生气，发火 children from the mad dog. 受疯狗伤害。 ……痴迷，着迷 er the death of her son. 。 d/ insane/bananas 情绪失控，发疯的 ）；航空（的） aeroplane=airplane cise 有氧健身运动(cycling, swimming, jogging) e & purpose d reason. 。
【例句】The heavy storm was the cause of the accident. 猛烈的暴风雨是造成这起事故的原因。 purpose 心中渴望要实现的目标 【例句】Their purpose is to attract attention to this issue. 他们的目的是吸引人们对该问题的关注。 v. 劝说；推理 【固定搭配】reason with sb. 和某人讲道理，说服某人 【例句】I tried to reason with her but she locked herself in the bedroom. 我试着和她讲道理，但她却把自己锁在卧室里。 【英美文学】Interpretation of Dreams Sigmund Freud 弗洛伊德的《梦的解析》I Have a Dream Martin Luther King 马丁·路德·金的《我有一个梦想》 【例句】I had a really weird dream last night. 我昨天晚上做了个很怪的梦！ 【常见用法】the house/job/boy,girl...of your dreams 梦中的，梦寐以求的 【例句】I’ve just met the man of my dreams! 我刚刚遇到了我的梦中情人。 v. 做梦，梦见 【固定搭配】dream of/about
新概念英语第二册语法 总结 Revised as of 23 November 2020
《新概念英语第二册》语法总结 知识要点： 冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义。冠词分不定冠词（The Indefinite Article）和定冠词（The definite Article）两种。a (an) 是不定冠词，a用在辅音之前：如a book, a man; an用在元音之前，如：an old man, an hour, an interesting book等。the是定冠词。 一、不定冠词的用法 1、指人或事物的某一种类（泛指）。这是不定冠词a (an)的基本用法。如：She is a girl. I am a teacher. Please pass me an apple. 2、指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。如：He borrowed a story-book from the library. A Wang is looking for you. 一位姓王的同志正在找你。 3、表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。如： I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes. 4、用于某些固定词组中。如：a bit, a few, a little, a lot of, a piece of, a cup of, a glass of, a pile of, a pair of, have a good time, for a while, for a long time等。 5、用在抽象名词前，表具体的介绍——a + 抽象名词，起具体化的作用。如： This little girl is a joy to her parents. 这女孩对她父母来说是一个乐趣。 It is a pleasure to talk with you. 跟您交谈真是一件愉快的事情。 It is an honour to me to attend the meeting. 参加这个会，对我来说是一种荣誉。 二、定冠词的用法： 1、特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。这是定冠词the的基本用法。如： Beijing is the capital of China. The pen on the desk is mine.
附录： 代词及be动词 名词复数 动词的第三人称单数形式 动词现在分词 动词过去式 过去式的读音 形容词的比较级 代词及be动词 第一人称第二人称第三人称 单数复数单数复数单数复数 主格I we you you she/he/it they 宾格me us you you her/him/it them 代词所有格my our your your her/his/its their 名词性代词mine ours yours yours hers/his/its theirs be动词现在 时 Am are are are is are be动词过去 时 was were were were was were 规则变化的名词复数形式规则1 一般情况+s e.g. shell→shells toy→toys 规则2 以s, x, ch, sh结尾+es e.g. fox→foxes church→churches 规则3 以o结尾s或+es e.g. radio→radios potato→potatoes 规则4 以f, fe结尾的，变f, fe为ves e.g. life→lives half→halves 规则5 以辅音字母+y结尾, 变y为i+es e.g. sky→skies study→studies 规则1 一般情况+s e.g. like—likes, look--looks 规则2 以s, x, ch, sh结尾+es e.g. do—does, catch--catches 规则5 以辅音字母+y结尾, 变y为i+es e.g. carry—carries, fly--flies
新概念英语第二册语法现在完成时 现在完成时构成：have / has + 过去分词 用法1．表示过去所发生的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果。常与yet，just，before，recently，lately（最近），ever，never等表时间的副词搭配使用。 ●He hasn't seen her lately. ●I haven't finished the book yet. 2．表示一个从过去某个时间开始，延续到现在并可能持续下去的动作，常与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。如：so far（迄今为止），up till now（直到现在），since, for a long time（很长时间），up to present（直到现在），in the past / in the last few years（在过去的几年里），these days（目前）…… He has worked here for 15 years. I have studied English since I came here. The foreigner has been away from China for a long time. So far, I haven't received a single letter from my brother. 3．某些非延续性动词（即：动作开始便终止的动词），在现在完成时中不能与表示一段时间状语搭配。 黄金要点： I．常见的非延续动词：die, arrive（到达），join（加入），leave（离开），go, refuse （拒绝），fail（失败），finish，buy，marry，divorce（离婚），awake（醒），buy，borrow，lend ...（背三遍！） II．这类动词并非不能用现在完成时，而是不能接常由for引导的时间状语。III．但若是用在否定句中，非延续动词的现在完成时可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。 She has gone away for a month.（误） She has been away for a month （正） The man has died for two years.（误） The man has been dead for two years.（正） How long have youbought the book?（误） How long have you got the book.（正） 4．注意since的用法： They haven't had any troublesince they came here. It has been ten years since we met last time. He has been heresince 1980. He has been heresince ten years ago. 5．几组对比： He has gone to Shanghai. 他到上海去了。 He has been to Shanghai. 他去过上海。 She has gone. 她已走了。 She is gone. 她缺席了。（or 她死了。） The door has been closed. 门关上了。（动作） The door is closed. 门是关着的。（状态） 测试精编： 1. The prices ________ going up all the time in the past few years.
新概念英语2语法总结 English）作为享誉全球的最为经典地道的英语教材，以其严密的体系性、严谨的科学性、精湛的实用性、浓郁的趣味性深受英语学习者的青睐，《新概念英语》在中国有30多年的历史，每年有数百万学习者，早已成为英语学习者的必选读物。我们抛弃以往只将《新概念英语》作为单一的泛读教材的模式，代之以全新独到的、大信息量的联想式的教学方法，多角度、全方位的教学手段，辅以丰富多彩、新颖实用的补充材料，逐步培养学员听、说、读、写、译等五大基本技能，充分发挥学生的英语学习潜力，使学员经过一定阶段的培训之后，英语水平与基本技能会有一个质的飞跃。 一、学习前的准备《新概念英语第二册》旨在全面训练学生的4项技能、理解、口语、阅读、写作。使学生具有使用语言的能力。一般来说，具有以下知识便可进入《新概念英语第二册》的学习： 1、动词be与have现在时与过去时的基本用法。 2、现在进行时，能够识别并懂得如何构成。 3、一般现在时：能够识别；懂得动词第3人称单数上添加-s,ies后缀。 4、一般过去时：能够识别并会运用常见的规划动词与不规则动词的一般过去时形态。
5、过去进行时：能够识别。 6、现在完成时（一般）：能够识别。 7、过去完成时：能够识别。 8、将来时：能够认识并运用going to, shall与will构成 将来时。 9、助动词：can, may与must的基本用法；能够识别could, might与would的形式。 10、能够用do/does/did等助动词造疑问句与否定句；能运 用疑问代词与副词。 11、能够回答以助动词与疑问词开头的问句。 12、副词：能够用-ly与-ily后缀组成副词；能够识别well, hard, fast等特例。 13、冠词：定冠词与不定冠词。懂得a/an/the的基本用法；some, any, no, much, many, a lot of 接可数、不可数名词的 用法。 14、名词：能够用-s,ves后缀组成名词复数形式；会用常见的不规则复数形式：men, women, children, teeth r等形式。 15、代词：人称代词、所有格代词、反身代词；所有符号 “”加s(s)。 16、形容词：基本用法；规则的比较级；不规则的比较级：good, bad, much与little、 17、介词：常见的地点、时间、方位介词的用法。
新概念二册语法总结-标准化文件发布号：（9556-EUATWK-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DDQTY-KII
新概念二册语法总结（新东方） 1. 简单句的结构: 主语+谓语+宾语+状语（地点状语+方式状语+时间状语）时间状语还可以放在句首 2. 一般现在时，现在进行时感叹句：what+名词+主语+谓语， how+形容词/副词+主语+谓语 频度副词：位于主语和谓语之间，常见频度副词及其程度的深浅： always, often, usually, frequently, sometimes, hardly, rarely, seldom, never I always buy CDs on Sundays. 3. 一般过去时直接宾语和间接宾语： 主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语直接宾语是及物动词的直接对象，间接宾语是及物动词的动作所涉及的人或事务，也可以说间接宾语表示动作是对谁做的，或者是为谁做的。所以间接宾语要用名词或者宾格代词来担当。 He gives me a book. me间接宾语, a book直接宾语 直接宾语和间接宾语的位置调换时要加一个介词to或for，to表示动作对谁而做， for表示动作为谁而做。 主语＋及物动词＋直接宾语＋介词+间接宾语Give the book to me. Send a letter to him. I bought a coat for my mother. 4. 现在完成时，注意频度及时间副词的位置 receive/take 5. 复习：一般过去时与现在完成时的区别in the way/on the way/in this way/by the way/in a way/get out of my way/Don’t stand in my way./by the way/no way spare/to spare 6. 冠词用法（一）1．不定冠词用于修饰单数可数名词，当一个单词的第一个发音为元音时要用冠词an, 如果是辅音用a即可。 2．不定冠词还可以用来修饰一类事物，有时候也可以省略： A cat is a lovely animal. Cat is a lovely animal. 3．不可数名词加冠词表示一类事物：Apple is a fruit. 4．如果特制某人,某物或上文提过的人或物时要用定冠词the 5． Some表示一些，可以修饰可数名词及不可数名词。 6．在姓名，城市，地名，过名，月份，节日，星期前不加冠词，季节前也一般不加，特指时加。 put on/take off/look for/look after/knock at/knock sth. off/knock off/knock %off/knock over/knock out 7. 过去进行时，时间状语短语：在短语中动词后面的介词或副词叫小品词，有些小品词既可以紧跟在动词后面也可以跟在动词的宾语后面，而有些则只能紧跟着动词使用。 8. 形容词的比较级与最高级单音节词的比较级最高级：直接加-er, -est: small-smaller, smallest 以e结尾的加-r, -st: large-larger, largest 以辅音字母加y结尾的词变y为i加-er, -est: busy-busier, busiest
1. 被动语态（二） will/must/can/would/could/have to be done have/has been done must have been done drive 用法 home/house 2. 介词用法：见书 3. 复习 there be句型 it做为虚主语可以用来表示时间，天气，温度，距离，人或指代一个句子或不定式。 4. Summary of Unit two 5. 并列句 我们可以将几个简单句连在一起,组成并列句,常用以下连词: and, but, so, yet, or, both…and, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but …as well, not only…but also 主谓一致: 当主语由and , both…and 连接时,通常用复数谓语. Both the girls and the boy are his friends. 当主语由neither… nor, either…or, not only…but also或or 连接时,谓语动词与nor, or, but also后面的一致,在英语语法中，这被称为就
近一致. Neither he nor I am going to the airport. Not only Mary but also her parents have gone abroad. 6. 一般现在时的复习,状态动词,标点符号的使用. 以下一些动词很少用与进行时态: appear(看起来), appreciate(鉴赏), believe(相信), feel(感觉到), forget(忘记), hear(听见), know(知道), like(喜欢), look like(看起来像), notice(注意到), remember(记得), resemble(形似), see(看到), think(认为), understand(理解), have(拥有),love(爱), seem(看起来), show(显示), mind(介意), sound(听起来), hate(讨厌), detest(憎恨), desire(意欲), 引号: 引号位于一行之上,应该在句尾其他标点符号, 如逗号,句号,问好之外. 引语的第一个词以大写字母开头. 在said, asked, 等词后面用逗号,只有当它们位于句尾时才在它们后面用句号. 当said, asked等词置于引语之间时,句子的后半部分以小写开头. 当一个新的说话人开始讲话时, 要另起一个段落. 7. 复习一般过去时/不规则过去式和过去分词 常用不规则动词过去式和过去分词在英语里约有300多个 put up(搭建), put out(扑灭), put on(穿上), put sb. up(为某人安排住宿), put up with(容忍), put down(抄写), put off(推迟), put away(放好，放到一边去)
新概念英语一册语法总结 一．时态： 一般现在时，现在进行时，一般过去时，现在完成时，一般将来时，过去进行时，过去完成时，过去将来时 1.一般现在时 表示一般性，经常性的动作或一般性事实。 ■含有be动词的句子 He is a teacher. The girl is very beautiful. Tim and Jack are students. ★变疑问句将be动词移到句首 he a teacher? the girl very beautiful? Tim and Jack students? ★变否定句在be动词后面加not He a teacher. The girl very beautiful. Tim and Jack students. ★肯定回答及否定回答 Yes, he is. No, he is not. Yes, she is. No, she is not. Yes, they are. No, they are not. ■即含有行为动词的句子 第三人称单数及单数名词 He books. She him. The dog bones. ★变疑问句在句首加does, 动词变为原型 he like books? she like him? the dog like bones? ★变否定句在主语及动词之间加doesn’t, 动词变为原型 He like books. She like him. The dog like bones. ★肯定回答及否定回答： Yes, he does. No, he doesn’t. Yes, she does. No, she doesn’t. Yes, it does. No, it doesn’t. 注意：第三人称单数形式一般在动词后面加S，不 要和名词复数混淆，变否定句或疑问句时名词复数没有任何变化。 其他人称及复数名词 I want to have a bath. We have some meat. The students like smart teachers. ★变疑问句在句首加do you want to have a bath? we have any meat? the students like smart teachers? ★变否定句在主语和动词之间加don’t. You want to have a bath. We have any meat. The students like smart teachers. ★肯定回答及否定回答 Yes, I do. No, I don’t. Yes, we do. No, we don’t Yes, they do. No, they don’t. 2. 现在进行时 表示现在正在进行的动作。 构成：be +doing 主语＋be动词＋动词的现在分词＋其它成分（现在分词的构成见附录） We are having lunch. He is reading a book. The dog is running after a cat. The boys are swimming across the river. ★变疑问句将be动词移到句首 we having lunch? he reading a book? the dog running after a cat? Are the boys swimming across the river? ★变否定句在be动词后面加not We having lunch. The dog running after a cat. The boys swimming across the river. ★特殊疑问句：what, which, how, where, who, etc. 疑问词＋be动词＋主语＋现在分词 What are you doing? What is she doing? What is the dog doing? 没有进行时的动词 表示状态，思想，感情和感觉的动词不能表示正在 1
Lessons1-2 一、常用词组和语言点 I. go to the theatre 去看戏 go to the film/movie 去看电影 2.1 nterest ing 令人感兴趣的（表示主动）Interested对 ... 感到有趣的（表示被动） 3. get angry 生气get 为系动词。如如: I got bored at the lecture. 4. tur n round 转过身 roun d/aro und 指在周围 如口：look round/around 向四周看 5. angrily adv.生气地（形容词argry变y为i再加ly，成为副词。） 如口：happy f happily 6. pay attention 注意（后常接介词to） 如:You should pay attention to your handwriting. 7.1 n the end 最后（近义词：at last, fin ally ） 8. none of your bus in ess 不关你的事 9. get up 起床 10. stay in bed 呆在床上 II. until 直到 not…un til 直到...... 才... 12. What a day! W 对名词感叹，How对形容词、副词感叹。 13. just then 就在那时（just now 刚才） Less on s3-4 一、常用词组和语言点 1. visit: go tu see 拜访，参观 2. public garde ns 公园 3. teach sb .sth 教某人某事（teach接双宾语）lend sb.sth借给某人某物 4. send…to 寄给... （比较：send of:派人去请） 5.on the last night 在最后一天晚上（具体日期前用介词on） 6. make a decision 做出决定decide （V） 7. receive/get a letter from sb ；hear from sb 收至U 某人的来信 8. a great number of: many 许多（后加可数名词） 9. fly to : go to…by plane take a pla ne to …飞往 Less on s7-8 一、常用词组和语言点 1. at the aiport 在机场（at 强调“点”） 2. try to do…设法做（不一定成功） 3. while当……时候（常与进行时连用） 4. keep guard 守卫 5. to one' s surprise 令某人惊讶的是（如：to my surprise） to one' s relief令人长舒一口气的是 to one' s exciteme nt 令人兴奋的是 to one' s disappo in tme nt 令人失望的是 6. be full of 装满（近义词组be filled with 7. e nter for报名参加（考试等） 8. win+比赛/战斗… 获胜 Less on s5-6 一、常用词组和语言点 1. be five miles from+ 地点离.... 5 英里 2. cover （1）覆盖，经常用作be covered with 由... 覆盖 （2）+距离，相当于travel We cavered 15 miles yesterday. 昨天我们走了15英里。 3.in three minutes=in three minutes ' time 用3 分钟时间 4. up to now到现在为止 5. a great many+可数名词许多，大量 6. spare part零部件，备件 7.one，the other 一个，另一个（共两者） 8.in this way 以这种方式，用这种方法 In the way 挡路 On the way 在----途中 By the way顺便说一下啊 In a way从某种程度上说 9.l eave a message?给一留便条 10. Take a message for sb 替某人捎口信 11. Take a message to sb给某人口信 9. move to 搬到 10. knock at 敲 .. Kn ock off 敲落；打折；下班打卡 Knock out 击倒 11. ask for 要.... （注意区别ask “问”） Ask sb to do sth让某人做某事 Ask sb about sth 问某人关于某事 12. a glass of—杯.. 13.in return for… 做为...... 的回报 14. sta nd on one' s head 倒立 15. go away 走开 16. call at 光顾，拜访 17. once a mon th 每月一次 twice a mon th 每月两次 three times a mon th 每月三次
新概念英语二册语法详解和总结 《新概念英语》（New Concept English）作为享誉全球的最为经典地道的英语教材，以其严密的体系性、严谨的科学性、精湛的实用性、浓郁的趣味性深受英语学习者的青睐，《新概念英语》在中国有 30多年的历史，每年有数百万学习者，早已成为英语学习者的必选读物。我们抛弃以往只将《新概念英语》作为单一的泛读教材的模式，代之以全新独到的、大信息量的联想式的教学方法，多角度、全方位的教学手段，辅以丰富多彩、新颖实用的补充材料，逐步培养学员听、说、读、写、译等五大基本技能，充分发挥学生的英语学习潜力，使学员经过一定阶段的培训之后，英语水平与基本技能会有一个质的飞跃。 一、学习前的准备 《新概念英语第二册》旨在全面训练学生的4项技能、理解、口语、阅读、写作。使学生具有使用语言的能力。一般来说，具有以下知识便可进入《新概念英语第二册》的学习： 1、动词be与have现在时与过去时的基本用法。 2、现在进行时，能够识别并懂得如何构成。 3、一般现在时：能够识别；懂得动词第3人称单数上添加-s, -es, 或 -ies后缀。 4、一般过去时：能够识别并会运用常见的规划动词与不规则动词的一般过去时形态。 5、过去进行时：能够识别。 6、现在完成时（一般）：能够识别。 7、过去完成时：能够识别。 8、将来时：能够认识并运用going to, shall与will构成将来时。 9、助动词：can, may与must的基本用法；能够识别could, might与would 的形式。 10、能够用do/does/did等助动词造疑问句与否定句；能运用疑问代词与副词。 11、能够回答以助动词与疑问词开头的问句。 12、副词：能够用-ly与-ily后缀组成副词；能够识别well, hard, fast等特例。 13、冠词：定冠词与不定冠词。懂得a/an/the的基本用法；some, any, no, much, many, a lot of 接可数、不可数名词的用法。 14、名词：能够用-s, -es，-ves后缀组成名词复数形式；会用常见的不规则复数形式：men, women, children, teeth r等形式。 15、代词：人称代词、所有格代词、反身代词；所有符号“'”加s('s)。 16、形容词：基本用法；规则的比较级；不规则的比较级：good, bad, much与little. 17、介词：常见的地点、时间、方位介词的用法。 18、关系代词：能够识别并使用who/whom, which/that。 19、this/that; these/those。 20、省略形式：it's, I'm, isn't, didn't等。 21、There is/it is; there are/they are。
新概念英语第二册语法总结：非谓语动词之不定式 1．定义：具有名词、形容词及副词性质并具有时态、语态变化。 2．形式：（以do为例） 主动语态被动语态 一般时to do to be done 进行时to be doing 完成时to have done to have been done 完成进行时to have been doing 3．用法： （1）用作主语： To speak good English is not easy. or: It is not easy to speak good English. （采用形式主语it 以避免头重脚轻） It took me an hour to do the work. （2）用作宾语： She decided to take the examination. I hope to meet him soon. （3）宾语补足语： They expected us to help them. Hewants his son to study hard. 金牌重点： 不定式作宾补，如谓语动词是感官动词，使役性动词（see, hear, notice, watch, make, have, let...），则不定式符号“to”须省略，但在被动语态中不能省。 I heard them sing in the classroom. I made her clean the room. The girl is heard to sing an English song. （4）用作表语： To teach is to learn. His job is to sell cars. （5）用作状语，表示目的，结果： We come to school to study English.（目的） = in order to I hurried to the store, only to find it closed.（结果） （6）定语：不定式短语作定语须位于名词之后。
新概念英语第二册语法总结：过去将来时 过去将来时： 1．构成：should / would + 动词原形 2．功能： （1）表示从过去某个时刻看将要发生的动作或状态。 ?. He said that they would meet me at the station. （2）此用法常用于间接引语中。 测试精编 1. On television last night the newscaster announced that the leader ________ on Saturday. A. is arriving B. will arrive C. would be arrived D. would arrive 2. He told us that he would begin the dictation when we________ ready. A. will be B. would be C. were D. are 3. My aunt ________ to see us, she would be here soon. A. is corning B. was coming C. came D. had came 4. They would be given a new house if more ________ the next year. A. will be built B. would be built C. are built D. were built （后设答案，大家不要偷看哦~(*^__^*) 嘻嘻……） KEYS
1. D 2. C 3. B 4. D
新概念英语二册语法详解和总结 《 一、学习前的准备 《新概念英语第二册》旨在全面训练学生的4项技能、理解、口语、阅读、写作。使学生具有使用语言的能力。一般来说，具有以下知识便可进入《新概念英语第二册》的学习： 1、动词be与have现在时与过去时的基本用法。 2、现在进行时，能够识别并懂得如何构成。 3、一般现在时：能够识别；懂得动词第3人称单数上添加-s, -es, 或-ies 后缀。 4、一般过去时：能够识别并会运用常见的规划动词与不规则动词的一般过去时形态。 5、过去进行时：能够识别。 6、现在完成时（一般）：能够识别。 7、过去完成时：能够识别。 8、将来时：能够认识并运用going to, shall与will构成将来时。 9、助动词：can, may与must的基本用法；能够识别could, might与would 的形式。 10、能够用do/does/did等助动词造疑问句与否定句；能运用疑问代词与副词。 11、能够回答以助动词与疑问词开头的问句。 12、副词：能够用-ly与-ily后缀组成副词；能够识别well, hard, fast等特例。 13、冠词：定冠词与不定冠词。懂得a/an/the的基本用法；some, any, no, much, many, a lot of 接可数、不可数名词的用法。 14、名词：能够用-s, -es，-ves后缀组成名词复数形式；会用常见的不规则复数形式：men, women, children, teeth r等形式。 15、代词：人称代词、所有格代词、反身代词；所有符号“'”加s('s)。 16、形容词：基本用法；规则的比较级；不规则的比较级：good, bad, much 与little. 17、介词：常见的地点、时间、方位介词的用法。 18、关系代词：能够识别并使用who/whom, which/that。 19、this/that; these/those。 20、省略形式：it's, I'm, isn't, didn't等。 21、There is/it is; there are/they are。 22、祈使句。 23、一周7天的名称、日期、季节、数字、时辰（今天、昨天、明天等）。 24、报时。 二、新概念英语第二册语法知识总结和详解 1.简单句的结构: 主语+谓语+宾语+状语（地点状语+方式状语+时间状语） 时间状语还可以放在句首
新概念第二册1-64课知识点总结 L.1 1．五大基本句型2．零冠词精讲背诵 L.2 1.现在进行时与一般现在时2．感叹句的基本结构精讲 L.3 1.“给予”动词带双宾精讲背诵 L.4 1．现在完成时2．Accept vs.receive3.excited vs. exciting知识点和第五课重复，可以不讲 L.5 1.一般现在时与过去完成时的区别2．In 3 minutes vs. in 3 minutes’time3. 带way的短语精讲课文：背诵课文 L.6 1.in vs.on2.不定冠词的一般用法3 动词词组搭配精讲课文：背诵 L.7 1.expect的用法2．过去进行时3．When, while and as4. 小品词（副词vs介词）精讲 L.8 1.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级2．谓语动词的单复数确定精讲：背诵 L.9 1.基本时间介词的用法：at, in, on, during, through, till, until2 时间表示法次精讲 L.10 1.被动语态2．名词所有格，双重所有格（37）3.made in, made of, made from, made by精讲;鼓励背诵，加强语感 L.11 1.deserve的用法2．不定式作宾语动词后是否需要先加一个名词或代词次精讲：适合背诵 L.12 1．一般将来时可以不讲 L.13 1.将来进行时和一般将来时的区别精讲 L.14 1．Except, except for, apart from次精讲 L.15 1.afford的用法2.interrupt的用法3．直接引语与间接引语精讲：背诵 L.16 1．Remind的用法2．Fail的用法3．if条件句精讲：背诵 L.17 1.in spite of2.介词的用法in, 3 情态动词精讲：鼓励背诵L. 18 1.have的多种用法（助动词，完全动词）2．关于give的词组自学课文L.
新概念英语一册语法总结 一. 时态： 一般现在时，现在进行时，一般过去时，现在完成时，一般将来时，过去进行时，过去完成时，过去将来时 1. 一般现在时 表示一般性，经常性的动作或一般性事实。 ■含有be动词的句子 He is a teacher. The girl is very beautiful. Tim and Jack are students. ★变疑问句将be动词移到句首 Is he a teacher? Is the girl very beautiful? Are Tim and Jack students? ★变否定句在be动词后面加not He is not a teacher. The girl is not very beautiful. Tim and Jack are not students. ★肯定回答及否定回答 Yes, he is. No, he is not. Yes, she is. No, she is not. Yes, they are. No, they are not. ■不含有be动词的句子，即含有一般动词的句子 第三人称单数及单数名词 He likes books. She likes him. The dog likes bones. ★变疑问句在句首加does, 动词变为原型 Does he like books? Does she like him? Does the dog like bones? ★变否定句在主语及动词之间加doesn’t, 动词变为原型 He doesn’t like books. She doesn’t like him. The dog doesn’t like bones. ★肯定回答及否定回答： Yes, he does. No, he doesn’t. Yes, she does. No, she doesn’t.