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2020年高考英语复习:阅读答题技巧解读

2020年高考英语复习:阅读答题技巧解读
2020年高考英语复习:阅读答题技巧解读

2020年高考英语复习:阅读答题技巧解读

一、阅读理解的特点以及命题趋势

阅读理解是历年高考命题中难度、分值比例的题,一般要求学生在30~35分钟内完成5篇不同题材、体裁的短文的理解。

每题2分,共计20小题,总分40分,属客观题部分。主要目的是用来测试学生对一篇大概300字的书面英语(课程)的理解水平,即在阅读中准确地获取信息的水平以及推断材料隐含意义的水平。

近几年来全国以及各省的高考英语试题,发现阅读理解部分的主要特点是:

1.内容新颖,语言地道

几乎所有的阅读材料都来自于国外的媒体或者仅在语言上稍做了加工,但是都保持了原文地道的语言特点。

2.体裁多样,话题广泛

阅读理解考察最多的是说明文,占45%左右,其次为记叙文,占30%左右,应用文和议论文各占15%和10%。

3.题型分布合理,突出智力题目的考察力度

近几年的高考英语《考试大纲》对学生的考察角度大都从以下几个方面着手:

(1)理解主旨和主要意义。

(2)理解文中具体信息。

(3)根据上下文推断生词的意义。

(4)做出简单的判断和推理。

(5)理解文章的基本结构。

(6)理解作者的意图,观点和态度。

二、有效提升学生阅读理解水平的技巧

1.先审题,后阅读

在做阅读理解部分的试题时,很多学生急于先精读文章,而不看

题目所问。

期刊文章分类查询,尽在期刊图书馆

而事实上,对于一些特殊的文章首先应该对后面的题目浏览一下,弄清楚每一道题问的是什么,然后再带着问题有目地地阅读文章。

例如:2020年全国卷I阅读理解A 文章以条例文本框的形式出现,如先精读文章就没有太大的作用,反而浪费时间,不利于文章的理解。碰到这样类型的文章,应该先看题目然后直接带着问题找答案。

2.精读全文,找到主旨

高考阅读理解的考查点是理解文章的主旨和要义,这就需要我们

在读文章时找准文章的主旨句,理解文章大意。

一般情况下,在一些新闻报道中,主题句一般都出现在文章的第

一段,以概括全文的中心。

而在说明文或者议论文中,作者则在段首开门见山地提出文章说

明的中心或阐述的观点或在篇末概括全文,少部分文章的中心句出现

在句中,而极少部分文章的主旨需要读完全文来实行自我概括。

总之,找到主题句对做主旨大意题有很大协助,高考阅读理解则

以这样的题目出现得较多,也是近几年来考题的一个热点,几乎每个

阅读里面都会出现,所以一定要增强这个部分的训练。下面就以2020

年全国卷I为例:

阅读理解B篇59题:What's the text mainly about?

阅读理解C篇63题:What’s the text mainly about?

阅读理解D篇67题:What dose the text mainly discuss?

3.扫读文章,划出细节

事实细节是文章的有机组成部分,是作者表达中心思想的具体手段。

在高考阅读考查中,命题人一般都是通过对文章的细节加以改写,以考查学生准确理解细节的水平,所以,在阅读文章时,要养成边读

边划的习惯,把文章中所涉及的时间、数据、地点、原因结果、人名、事实、手段目的等具体细节划出来。

这个类题通常以疑问词who/what,when,where,why,which,how等

提问,

例如2020年全国卷I:

阅读B 61题:How did Christy Mckinley know Ms Schatzmanis opinion of the chi tea?

阅读C 66题:Why do hoatzins collect together in smaller groups when the racing season comes?

阅读E 74题:Where was the write going?

4.理解文章,推理判断

推理判断题是高考阅读理解题的重头戏,是阅读理解中层次较高

的试题,而且作者经常不把我们需要的理解直接表达出来,而是需要

我们去领悟文章的内在含义。

所以,在阅读文章时,我们应该吃透文章的字面意思,认真体会

作者的写作目的,了解作者的态度倾向,注意文章中出现的关键词语。

推理判断题题干常用的提问词有:infer,suggest,intend to,the purpose of the passage,conclude等。

做这类题一定要谨记:

是材料原文的不选,脱离原文的不选。

还要注意一些关键的水准副词:probably,most

likely,certainly等,有这些副词的存有与否与文章出入很大。

例如:2020年全国卷I:

阅读C:What can we infer about primitive hinds for the text?

阅读E:What can we learn from the story?

总之,阅读理解是一个长期训练的过程,所以,刘凯老师在平时的教学中要注重教学过程,刘凯老师在讲解试题时要从题目上引导学生从阅读中找到方法,循序渐进地达到目的。

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