上海市建平中学2020学年第一学期期中考试
高三英语试题
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman mean?
A. She wonders which letter to finish.
B. She will make copies later.
C. She will meet Mr. Brown first.
D. She hopes to become a typist.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
At what time does the second performance start?
A. 7:00.
B. 7:10.
C. 9:00.
D. 9:10.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How does the man feel about his experience?
A. Eager.
B. Regretful.
C. Exhausted.
D. Satisfied.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What can we learn about the men from the conversation? A.He gave the woman some wrong information. B. He put sugar in the glass container. C. He broke the two containers. D. He added salt to the coffee. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the man mean? A. He will clean the house immediately. B. He doesn’t have time to take the woman home.C. It should be easy for the guests to find the house.
D. He needs time to relax before the guests arrive.
6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman mean?
A. She doesn’t like the painting.
B. She hasn’t visited the man’s office.
C. She’ll hang the painting on the wall.
D. She doesn’t know where to put the painting.
7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man imply about George?
A. He doesn’t like to cook.
B. He makes very good desserts.
C. He isn’t careful when he’s preparing food.
D. He cooks for the Spanish club quite often.
8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman imply?
A. She doesn’t plan to continue studying next year.
B. She wants to know about the man’s opinion.
C. She has already told the man about her plan.
D. She won’t transfer to another university.
9. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman imply the man should do?
A. Start cleaning sooner.
B. Hire a cleaning service.
C. Take a rest before the party.
D. Have his party at a different time.
10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man mean?
A. He has invited many people to dinner.
B. He intentionally cooked a lot of soup.
C. He doesn’t like leftovers either.
D. He used leftovers in the soup.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a
question, read the four possible answers in your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. A painting.
B. An artist.
C. An experiment.
D. A disease.
12. Which of the following best explains prosopagnosia?
A. The weakness of sight.
B. The inability to recall a face once seen.
C. The decline of memory with age.
D. The failure to memorize different orders.
13. What conclusion can be drawn from the study introduced in the passage?
A. Landscapes are easier to identify than other things.
B. Face recognition skills cannot be taught and improved.
C. Human brains handle faces differently from other objects.
D. People with some kind of blindness have a unique brain structure.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. What does the speaker want to illustrate with teenage boys in Botswana and in New York?
A. What people think about is affected by cultural difference.
B. Those in large cities care more about the modern way of life.
C. How people make sense of the world is advancing all the time.
D. The young adopt an innovative strategy to process information.
15. Which of the following did western scholars assume everyone had?
A. The passion for nature.
B. The urge to find causes.
C. The preference for comparison.
D. The habits of thought.
16. What have Dr. Richard Nisbett and his colleagues found in their research?
A. Human beings don’t share the same habits of thought.
B. Categorization plays an important role in logical thinking.
C. Rule application is universally acknowledged as essential.
D. Mainstream psychology has used a wrong research method.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What is Lisa’s project about?
A. Why people feed on insects.
B. Including insects in people’s die ts.
C. How insects affect humans’ food sources.
D. Using insects to develop healthy eating habits.
18. According to Lisa, what is generally recognized?
A. Eating insects is still considered to be something unusual.
B. Food coloring made from insects are safer than thought.
C. Insects can help human beings to fight against starvation.
D. Britain is looking for ways to put insects into sensible use.
19. According to Lisa, why did people in prehistoric times eat insects?
A. They didn’t find insects disgusting.
B. They were used to cooking insects.
C. Some types of insect tasted delicious.
D. Finding insects was easier than hunting.
20. What can be learned about Lisa from the conversation?
A. She hasn’t eaten a whole insect.
B. She has conquered her fear of insects.
C. She is trying to make flour from insects.
D. She doesn’t consider insects a sou rce of protein.
II. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Sharing the sweetness
On the 25th of December, my mother expects her children to be present, exchanging gifts and eating turkey. When she pulls on that holiday sweater, everybody better gets festive. Of course, I would be the first Jones sibling ___21___ (go) rogue (叛逆). As the middle, artist child, I was going to do my own thing, making some new traditions. From a biography of Flannery O’Connor, I drew inspiration— I would spend the holiday at an artist colony!
No one took my new idea seriously. From the way my mother carried on, you would think I was divorcing the family. Still I held my ground and made plans for my winter adventure in New Hampshire. The MacoDowell Colony was ___22___ I could have wished for. About 25 to 30 artists were in attendance, and it was as artsy (艺术) as I
___23___ (imagine). It felt like my life had become a strange independent film.
By Christmas Eve, I had been at the colony for more than a week. The novelty of snowy New England was wearing off, but I would never admit ___24___. Everyone around me was having too much fun. Skiing! Deep conversation by the fireplace! What was wrong with me? This was the holiday ___25___ I’d always dreamed of. No artificial decorati on. Not a Christmas sweater anywhere in sight. People here didn’t even say “Christmas,” they said “holiday.” Then why was I so sad?
Finally, I called home on the pay phone. My dad answered, but I ___26___ barely hear him for all the good-time noise in the background. He turned down the volume on the holiday album and told me that my mother was out shopping with my brothers. Now it was my turn to sulk (生闷气). They were having a fine Christmas ___27___ me.
Despite a heavy snowstorm, a large package showed up near my door at the artist colony on Christmas morning. Tayari Jones was written in m y mother’s beautiful handwriting. I rushed to that parcel ____28____ I were five years old. Inside was a gorgeous red-velvet cake, my favorite, ___29___ (wrap) tightly in about 50 yards of bubble packaging. “Merry Christmas,” read the simple card inside. “We love you very much.”
As I sliced the cake, everyone gathered around. Mother had sent a genuine homemade gift. It was a minor Christmas miracle that one cake managed to feed so many. We ate it from paper towels with our bare hands,
___30___(satisfy) a hu nger we didn’t know we had.
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
World Migratory Bird Day is an annual awareness-raising campaign highlighting the need for the conservation of migratory birds and their habitats. It has a global outreach and is an effective tool to help raise global awareness of the threats ____31____ migratory birds, their ecological importance, and the need for international cooperation to conserve them.
Every year people around the world take action and organize public events such as bird festivals, education programmes, exhibitions and bird-watching ____32____ to celebrate.
The theme of this year’s World Migratory Bird Day is “Birds Connect Our World”, which highlights the importance of conserving and ____33____ the ecological connectivity and integrity of ecosystems that support the natural movements of migratory birds and that are essential for their ____34____ and well-being.
Migratory birds need a network of undamaged habitats along their entire migration ____35____ to survive. Increased global action through multilatera l (多边的) environment treaties, such as the Convention on Migratory Species and the African-Eurasian Waterbird Agreement, is essential to protect migratory birds on their international journeys. Creating ____36____ habitat corridors would be of great benefit to migratory birds and other migratory wildlife, ____37____ at the landscape scale (景观尺度).
In addition, networks of critical sites key to migration need to be safeguarded and managed ____38____. Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBAs), as described by BirdLife International, provide migratory birds with the necessary feeding, breeding, ____39____ and sheltering grounds that are needed during their long flights.
A wave of online interactions and ____40____ events are expected to take place in countries around the world in celebration of World Migratory Bird Day, with educational programmes being offered online by many organizations including schools, parks, zoos, forests, wildlife refuges, wetlands centres, museums and libraries.
III. Reading comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Every minute, every single day, the equivalent of a truckload of plastic enters our oceans. In the name of profit and convenience, corporations are literally choking (塞满) our plane t with a substance that does not just “___41___” when we toss it into a bin. Since the 1950s, some 8.3bn tons of plastic have been produced worldwide, and to date, only 9% of that has been recycled. Our oceans bear the brunt (受主要冲击) of plastics epidemic—up to 12.7m tons of plastic end up in them every year.
Just over a decade ago, I launched the Story of Stuff to help shine a light on the ways we ___42___, use and dispose of the stuff in our lives. The Story of Stuff is inextricably (不可逃避的) linked to the story of plastics—the packaging that goes along with those endless ___43___. We buy a soda, sip it for a few minutes, and toss its
___44___ packaging “away”. We eat potato chips, finish them, and throw their packaging “away”.
The cycle is endless, and it hap pens countless times every single day. But here’s the ___45___—there is no “away”. As far as we try to toss a piece of plastic—whether it’s into a recycling bin or not—it does not disappear. Chances are, it ___46___ polluting our communities, oceans or waterways in some form.
For years, we’ve been ___47___ that the problem of plastic packaging can be solved through better individual action. We’re told that if we ___48___ recycle, we’re doing our part. We’re told that if we drink from a reusable bottle, we’r e making enough of a ___49___. But the truth is that we cannot recycle our way out of this mess.
Recycling alone will never stop the flow of plastics into our oceans; we have to get to the ___50___ of the
problem and slow down the production of all this plastic waste. Think about it: if your home was flooding because you had left the tap on, your first step wouldn’t be to start ___51___. You’d first cut the flooding off at its source—the tap. In many ways, our plastics problem is no different.
___52___, we need corporations—those like Coca-Cola, Unilever, Starbucks and Nestlé that continue to mass-produce throwaway plastic bottles, cups, and straws—to step up and show real ___53___ for the mess they’ve created. Drink companies produce over 500bn single-use plastic bottles annually; there is no way that we can recycle our way out of a problem of that scale.
Bag, cup and straw bans like those in Morocco, Iceland, V ancouver and some US cities are a great start, but also not enough. And while clean-up efforts are ___54___ in addressing litter problems, they can’t begin to touch the problems created by microplastics.
Not long ago, we existed in a world without throwaway plastic, and we can thrive that way again. The world’s largest corporations—with all their profits and innovation labs—are well ___55___ to help move us beyond single-use plastics. All over the world people are already innovating toward solutions that focus on reusing and reducing plastics. It’s time to accelerate this process and move b eyond half measures and baby steps.
41. A. pass by B. go away C. give in D. turn around
42.A. produce B. pursue C. consume D. clear 43. A. desires B. purchases C. profits D. varieties 44. A. needless B. attractive C. complete D. permanent 45. A. significance B. relief C. instance D. challenge 46. A. originates from B. ends up C. relates to D. goes beyond
47. A. thrilled B. frustrated C. convinced D. concerned
48. A. skillfully B. randomly C. simply D. precisely
49. A. difference B. proposal C. discovery D. choice
50. A. complexity B. analysis C. presence D. source
51. A. mopping B. screaming C. complaining D. regretting
52. A. Otherwise B. Besides C. However D. Therefore
53. A. enthusiasm B. responsibility C. preference D. demand
54. A. inadequate B. helpful C. voluntary D. fruitless
55. A. educated B. acknowledged C. established D. positioned
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
During those barren winter months, with windows overlooking long-dead gardens, leafless trees, and lawns that seem to have an ashy look about them, nothing calms the uneasy nerves more than the vibrant green of plants surrounding the living spaces of one’s home. People browse through garden stores just to get a smell of chlorophyll (叶绿素) and to choose a plant or two to bring spring back into their winter-gray lives.
Now there is even more of a need for “the green,” in light of recent articles warning us of the dangers of chemicals that we, ourselves, introduce into our homes. Each time we bring clothes home from the cleaners, we release those chemicals into the closed-in air of our homes. Every cleanser releases its own kind of fumes.
Some of the chemicals are formaldehyde (甲醛), chlorine, benzene, styrene, etc. Read the labels on many home products, the ingredients aren’t even listed! During the winter, when those same windows are shut tight, we breathe in these chemicals—causing symptoms much like allergies (过敏). In fact, most people probably dismiss the effects of these chemicals simply as some allergy or other. The truth is that we are experiencing a syndrome that is called Multiple Chemical Sensitivity. Now, what has this got to do with green plants? Everything healthy! Research has been conducted with two types of plants that have actually removed much of these harmful chemicals from the air.
The two plants that seem to be the best bet for ridding one’s home of such chemicals are ferns (蕨类植物) and palms. These plants release moisture as part of photosynthesis and, as they do, pull chemicals from the air into their leaves. Even NASA has conducted some greenhouse experiments for long-term space exploration. Within hours, their plants [palms] had removed almost all traces of formaldehyde in the room. Both species of plants are ancient, dating back more than a hundred million years. Another trait they share is that they both live long lives, 100 years or more. This we expect from trees, but ferns and palms are plants; plants that can grow to 65 feet in the proper setting! Even their individual leaves live for one to two years [ferns] and one to nine years [palms]. Perhaps it is their primary qualities that have contributed to their ability to purify their environment.
56. Why does the author think we are in greater need of “the green” in our homes?
A. To bring our long-dead gardens back to life.
B. To get rid of harmful chemicals trapped there.
C. To make us feel calmer and less worried.
D. To serve as decorations as well as refresh us.
57. According to the passage, which of the following statement is TRUE?
A. The source of these chemicals released in our homes hasn’t been identified.
B. The chemicals can be removed immediately the two plants are put into use.
C. People tend to underestimate the effects of the chemical in the closed-in places.
D. People usually buy household products without referring to the ingredients on them.
58. As for the two plants, their primary qualities friendly to indoor environment include _____________.
A. the ability to absorb chemicals and live long
B. their adaptability to indoor environment
C. the fast growth and attractiveness of their leaves
D. the release of their moisture and fumes
59. Which of the following may serve as the best title of the passage?
A. Research in the New Millennium
B. Common Houseplants May Purify Your Home
C. Hidden Dangers in Your Home
D. NASA Experiment Finds the Cure
(B)
WE FOUND A FIX
1. Get Free Support
Just want someone to talk to? At https://www.doczj.com/doc/bf13220133.html,, you can connect with a trained “active listener” for free, completely confidential advice. Choose a listener based on location and life experience, or let the site assign someone to you for an instant conversation.
2. Clip Virtual Coupons
Look for coupon codes on retailer and cash-back websites. Just google the brand name and “promo code” to find the latest offerings. And who says that when you snooze (打盹),you lose? Sometimes leaving items in your shopping cart can add up to savings. You might get a pop-up with a coupon code to tempt you to purchase what’s there or an e-mail in your inbox with a discount offer.
3. Cut Your Tax Bill
Does anyone want to hear about taxes? Maybe not. But in this unusual year (the first time in history that the federal tax deadline has been extended to July 15), it pays to stay on top of things. The https://www.doczj.com/doc/bf13220133.html, website is surprisingly easy to navigate, and there’s a link on the home page to the IRS’s coronavirus tax-relief programs.
4. Remove Stubborn Food Stains
Got unattractive coffee and tea stains on a pot, or mug? Pick up some denture (假牙) cleaner. Dissolve one tablet per two cups of hot water, pour it into the stained vessel, and let it sit for several hours. Then use a scrub brush to clean off the stains and any loosened bits. Pour the solution out and rinse thoroughly.
5. Save Texting Time
One lesser-known secret to typing on your phone: Double-tap the space bar on the keyboard when you finish a sentence. Doing so adds a period and a space—and automatically capitalizes the next letter you type to start your next sentence.
6. Preserve Y our Fragrances
If you wish the scent of your eau de toilette or cologne lasted longer, stor e it in the fridge. “Growing up, I’d always see my grandmother’s in the fridge, and she told me i t kept the fragrance longer and felt refreshing on the skin,” says TV style expert Hilary Kennedy. “I love keeping mine cool, especially during the summer and fall months.” Take note: Very cold temperatures can upset the balance of some delicate perfumes.
60. Michael, who values efficiency most, can _________________.
A. turn to a trained listener at https://www.doczj.com/doc/bf13220133.html, for free advice
B. look for coupon codes online to find the latest offerings
C. apply for tax-cut on the government’s website this year
D. double-tap the space bar on the phone when texting
61. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. If perfume is preserved in the fridge at very cold temperature, its fragrance will last longer.
B. Brushing the stain soon after applying the denture cleaner can remove the stubborn one.
C. Due to the coronavirus pandemic, the government has prolonged the tax deadline and cut taxes.
D. Leaving items in shopping carts helps you save as you can re-consider if they are worth buying.
62. The purpose of this passage is to __________________.
A. teach people how to deal with emergency
B. arouse people’s interest in fixing problems
C. offer tricks to help improve people’s life
D. inform people of the latest scientific findings
(C)
As the coronavirus pandemic has unfolded, conspiracy (阴谋) theories about the virus have become an increasingly visible element of the timeline. Some conspiracy theorists combine their ideas with elements of pseudoscience (伪科学) which can result in unfounded beliefs—for example, that 5G technology, vaccines and
genetically modified foods are part of a secret plan to spread the virus for purposes of controlling the public. Others point the finger at wealthy charitarians—Bill Gates, for example –accusing such individuals of having released the virus or of using the pandemic to test vaccines on poorer populations.
These theories have significant consequences for individuals and societies, especially when they are supported by political and business leaders, or other trusted members of the community. They can decreas e people’s willingness to follow social distancing directives and negatively impact people’s views on scientific findings. A pandemic is an especially dangerous time for conspiracy theories.
So why, exactly, do these strange ideas spread, especially among our relatives, friends and neighbors who otherwise seem like reasonable citizens who take notice of scientific evidence and make sensible decisions about the health and safety of their families?
Belief in conspiracy theories has roots in a number of factors. For example, those who have suffered misfortune are more likely to support conspiracy theories as a means of explaining their undesirable lot in life. But when it comes to a global pandemic—and the deaths and collapsing economy that it has brought about—three factors are key: uncertainty, anxiety and powerlessness. The less people feel in control of their world,the more likely they are to seek out ways to restore control—to fight their sense of powerlessness. When events are out of our control, the psychological burden can be relieved by turning to alternative explanations for these events. In this case, we might choose to believe that the novel coronavirus, which causes COVID-19, was created in a lab and intentionally spread to cause harm. Such conspiracy theories explain what has happened and why, and offer us psychological relief.
The story is similar for anxiety and uncert ainty. The pandemic has increased people’s worries about their physical, mental and economic health both in the short term and in the distant future. Conspiracy theories cannot remedy these circumstances. However, they can provide peace of mind that these unpleasant consequences are no fault of one’s own. Choosing to believe that COVID-19 is a hoax can reduce anxiety by playing down the severity of the circumstances. It’s a purely psychological effect, to be sure—but, then again, we primarily live in our own heads.
To some extent, the object of the conspiracy theories –the virus –is itself the source of the undesirable psychological states that promote belief in such theories. But this is not to say that our minds, and the conspiracy theories they adhere to, are completely at the mercy of an unmanageable virus. Political and social leaders can ease pandemic-caused anxiety and uncertainty by visibly taking the threat seriously, including steps to promote public health and to reduce the negative economic impact on people. And avoiding engaging in conspiracy theories themselves could limit the likelihood of the public turning further toward conspiracy theories for relief.
63. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that __________.
A. conspiracy theories about coronavirus are not rare with the spread of COVID-19.
B. people are likely to be misguided by conspiracy theories based on pseudoscience.
C. charitarian as Bill Gates is, he purposely released the virus in order to test new vaccines.
D. the general publi c aren’t convinced that genetically modified foods help spread the coronavirus.
64. What may the spread of conspiracy theories directly cause?
A. Serious economic consequences.
B. Decreased faith in influential figures.
C. Increased support for public health orders.
D. Public suspicion over scientific findings.
65. According to the author, conspiracy theories spread because they have __________.
A. reduced the severity of the COVID-19 crisis
B. scientifically explained the origins of the coronavirus
C. offered psychological relief in the current circumstances
D. predicted the long-term economic impact of the COVID-19 crisis
66. In order to stop the spread of conspiracy theories, trusted members of the community can __________.
(1) avoid talking about conspiracy theories
(2) deal with the COVID-19 crisis seriously
(3) explain how ridiculous these theories are
(4) stress that everything will return to normal
A. (1)(2)
B. (3)(4)
C. (1)(3)
D. (2)(4)
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
You return from work on a muggy August evening. Your unwashed teenage son is on the sofa playing Fortnite, as he has been doing for the past eight hours. Your daughter, scrolling through(滚动浏览)Instagram, acknowledges your presence with a rude grunt (咕哝). Not for the first time, you ask yourself: why are school summer holidays so insufferably long?
____67____ Many children will return from the long break having forgotten much of what they were taught the previous year. One study from the American South found that this “summer learning loss” could be as high as a quarter of the year’s education. Poor children tend to be the worst a ffected, since rich ones typically live in homes full
of books and are packed off to summer camp to learn robotics, Latin or the flute. A study from Baltimore found that variations in summer loss might possibly account for two-thirds of the achievement gap between rich and poor children by the age of 14-15. Long holidays definitely strain the budgets of poor families, since free school meals stop and extra child care kicks in.
Summer holidays vary greatly from country to country. South Korea children get only three weeks off. Children in Italy and Turkey get a whopping three months. So do those in America, while their parents, unless they are teachers, have an average of only three weeks off a year, among the shortest holidays in the rich world. ____68____ But for their children, six weeks out of class is plenty.
It wou ld be unwise to import South Korea’s pressure-cooker approach, in which a single exam determines every child’s future. ____69____ Yes, it would cost money, but there are ways to pay for it. One is to have larger classes. Many parents are obsessed with teacher-to-pupil ratios, but there is not enough evidence that they make much difference. The average Japanese lower-secondary class is more than 50% larger than the average British one, but Japanese children get better results.
More time in school need not mean repeating the same old lessons. ____70____ And the summer could also be a time for different kinds of learning: critical thinking, practical skills, financial literacy, work placements with local firms—schools should be free to experiment. Space should not be a problem. Many school buildings sit idle in the summer.
A. In other words, many public services are simply unavailable for a quarter of the year.
B. Some extra drilling would be beneficial, particularly for those falling behind.
C. This is a more serious question than it sounds.
D. Some well-off children often already use the summer to broaden their minds and even do their summer jobs.
E. But plenty of Western children could usefully spend a bit longer at their books.
F. Companies should let them take a bit more, since burnt-out workers are less productive.
IV. Summary writing
71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible
Is renting clothes greener than buying them?
Clothing rental is a hot new industry and retailers are demanding to get on board in hopes of attracting green shoppers. But is renting fashion actually more environmentally-friendly than buying it, and if so, how much more? Journalist and author Elizabeth Cline investigated this question and concluded that it’s not as sustainable as it seems.
Take shipping, for example, which has to go two ways if an item is rented — receiving and returning. Cline
writes that consumer transportation has the second largest carbon footprint of our collective fashion habit after manufacturing. She writes, “An item ordered online and then returned can send out 20 kilograms of ca rbon each way, and increases up to 50 kilograms for rush shipping. By comparison, the carbon impact of a pair of jeans purchased from a physical store and washed and worn at home is 33.4 kilograms, according to a 2015 study by Levi’s.”
Then there’s the burden of washing, which has to happen for every item when it’s re turned, regardless of whether or not it was worn. For most rental services, this usually means dry cleaning, a high impact and polluting process. All the rental services that Cline looked into have replaced perchloroethylene (氯乙烯), a carcinogenic (致癌的) air pollutant that is still used by 70 percent of US dry cleaners, with hydrocarbon alternatives, although these aren’t great either.
Lastly, Cline fears that rental services will increase our app etite for fast fashion, simply because it’s so easily accessibl e. There’s something called “share washing” that makes people engage in more wasteful behaviors precisely because a product or service is shared and thus is regarded as more eco-friendly. Uber is one example of this, advertised as “a way to share rides and limit car ownership.” and yet “it has been proven to discourage walking, bicycling, and public transportation use.”
Renting clothes is still preferable to buying them cheap and throwing them in the dustbin after a few wears, but we shouldn’t let the availability of these services make us too satisfied. There’s an even better step—and that’s wearing what is already in the closet.
第II卷
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 不可否认，老师往往更关注积极性很高的学生。(There)（汉译英）
73. 经过三年的修复，这家影院配备了一流的设备，如今焕然一新。(equip) （汉译英）
74. 家长不仅可以鼓励孩子从小学习绘画而且可以多带孩子领略世界名画的风采，这对孩子的全面发展很有裨益。(Not only) （汉译英）
75. 面对电子商务的挑战，这家公司不急功近利，而是潜心经营。最终开发了独具匠心的产品，扭亏为盈。(turn) （汉译英）
VI. Guided writing
76. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高三学生李明。近来，你看到学校门口的道路施工给在校师生和周边居民带来诸多不便。于是你决定给施工部门负责人写封信。希望改进他们的作业方式。你的信包括如下内容：1）就如何解决这一问题提出建议；
2）说明你的理由。