英语国际音标表最新
版
英语国际音标表（48个）
元音（20个）
1.长元音/ɑ:/ /?:/ / ?:/ /i:/ /u:/
短元音/ ?/ /?/ /?/ /?/ /?/ /e/ /?/
双元音 /e?/ /a?/ /??/
/??/ /e?/ /??/
/??/ /a?/
辅音（28个）
轻辅音/p/ / t/ / k/ /f/ /θ//s/
浊辅音/b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /e/ /z/
轻辅音/?/ /h/ /ts/ /t?/ /tr/
浊辅音/?/ / r/ /dz/ /d?/ /dr/
鼻音 /m/ /n/ /?/
半元音/ j/ / w/
边音 / ?/
英语音标及字母组合对照
一、元音:
前元音：[i:] [?] [e] [?]
1. [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e ie ei ey
ee ：three tree green sheep meet beef see seek
ea ：eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean please e ：he she me
ie ：piece
ei: receive ceiling
ey: key
2. [?]发音字母 i y e ui
i: sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build
y: many twenty happy
e: defect the
ui: quick quit
音标对比: [ i: ] [ i ]
seat sit
beat bit
sheep ship
3. [e] 字母组合 ea e a
ea: head bread pleasure
e: elephant sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes
a: any many
音标对比： [ i ] [ e ]
sit set
lift left
did dead
4. [ ? ] 发音字母 a
bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man 音标对比: [e] [?]
beg bag
met mat
bed bad
前元音小结：英语中有四个前元音，即：[ i: ] [ i ] [ e ] [ ? ]
发前元音时必须注意：
1) 舌尖要抵住下齿。
2) 舌前部向硬颚部分抬起。
3) 双唇不要收圆，发[ i: ] [ i ] [ e ] 时双唇平展，发[ ? ]时口形要张大，扁唇。
4) 唇形舌位保持不变，否则就要发成双元音。
中元音：/ ?:/ /?/
1. [?:] 字母组合ir ur ear er or
ir: girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird
ur: turn burn nurse Thursday
ear: learn earn earth heard
er：term her serve
or：work worm world
2. [?] 字母组合 er or ou ar o a e ur
er: teacher leader player speaker farmer
or: doctor actor author
ou: delicious
o: together tomorrow today
a: alive attack appearance
e: the
ur: Saturday
后元音: [a:] [?] [u:] [?] [?:] [?]
1 [a:] 字母组合 ar a al
ar：car farm card arm garden
a：fast class last glass plant
al: half
2. [ ? ] 发音字母 u o ou
u: up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus
o: come mother does brother love above
ou :trouble
音标对比：[a:] [?]
fast fun
half but
card cut
3. [?: ]字母组合 al or au our ar oo aw ou ore
al: small wall talk tall hall ball call walk
or: short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store au: caught autumn
our: four bought
ar: warm quarter
aw: law saw
ou: bought fought thought
ore: before
4. [?]发音字母 o a
o: hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss not
a: want wash watch
音标对比：[?:] [?]
sort dog
tort nod
short shop
5. [u:] 字母组合 oo o u ou
oo: food moon room goose tooth
o: shoe do two to
u: true truth blue full
ou: group
6. [?] 字母组合 oo ou u o
oo: look good foot book wood
ou: should could
u: put full pull push
o: woman
音标对比: [u:] [u]
foot food
boot book
cool could
roof room
moon wood
双元音
1)由两个成分组成,发音时由一个元音向另一个元音滑动,发音过程口形有变化.
2)前重后轻, 第一个成分发音响亮清澈, 第二个成分较轻弱模糊.
3)前长后短, 第一个成分发音较长, 第二个成分发音较短.
合口双元音: [ei] [ai] [??] /??/ /a?/
1. [ei] 发音字母 a ay ea ai ey
a: name cake late gate plane
ay: play say may way
ea: great break
ai: rain paint plain
ey: they grey
音标对比：[?] [ei] [ e ]
at eight bed
bat bade set
lab late pen
sand same hen
2. [ai] 发音字母i…e i y
i： bike fine find nine
i: die light night high
y: my try fly
音标对比：[ ? ] [ai]
bat bite
back bike
dam climb
lamp line
sack sign
3. [ ?? ] 字母组合oy oi
oy: boy toy joy
oi：oil soil voice choice
音标对比： [?? ] [?]
boy boss
toy top
spoil stop
4. [??] 发音字母 o o ow oa
o：home phone cold go no host ghost
ow: know low below grow show flow
oa: boat coat goal
5. /a?/ 字母组合 ou ow
ou: house out flour ground sound loud around mouse ow: flower down now cow how town
音标对比：[au] [?u]
how hole
loud load
集中双元音为：/??/ /e?/ /??/
1. /??/ 字母组合 eer ear ere ie
eer: beer deer
ear: near hear dear
ere: here
ie: experience
2. [ ?? ] ([e?])字母组合ear air ere
ear: pear bear
air: chair air fair
ere: there where care
3. /??/字母组合our oor ure
our: tour
oor: poor
ure: sure
二、辅音：
爆破音: [ p ] [ b ] [ t ] [ d ] [ k ] [ g ]
1. [ p ]
音标特征：双唇爆破清辅音
发音要诀：双唇紧闭,然后突然放开, 使气流突破双唇外泄。[ p ]是清辅音发音时声带不震动。
注意: 在[ s ] 音的后边, [ p ]音要读成相应的浊辅音 [ b ]
发音组合：p
代表单词：pay pipe put pie peach sport speed spend
2. [ b ]
音标特征：双唇爆破浊辅音
发音要诀：双唇紧闭,然后突然放开, 使气流突破双唇外泄。[ b ]是浊辅音发音时声带震动。
发音组合：b
代表单词：bird bed bag big buy bake bill bear book
音标对比：[ p ] [ b ]
put book
pen bed
pet bet
pull ball
3. [ t ]
音标特征：舌尖齿龈爆破清辅音.
发音要诀：双唇微开, 先用舌尖紧贴上齿龈, 形成阻碍, 然后突然下降,气流冲出口腔。[ t ]是清辅音,发音时声带不震动。
注意: 在[ s ] 音的后边, [ t ]音要读成相应的浊辅音 [ d ]
发音组合：t
代表单词：tea teacher team taught tip it meet cat thought tent boat student stand stick
4. [ d ]
音标特征：舌尖齿龈爆破浊辅音.
发音要诀：双唇微开, 先用舌尖紧贴上齿龈, 形成阻碍, 然后突然下降,气流冲出口腔。[ d ]是浊辅音,发音时声带震动。
发音组合：d
代表单词：do did does deer date dig need bed
音标对比：[ t ] [ d ]
tea deed
team deep
neat need
bet bed
5. [ k ]
音标特征：舌后软颚爆破清辅音
发音要诀：舌后部隆起, 舌根紧贴软颚, 形成阻碍, 然后突然张开,气流冲出口腔。声带不产生震动, 属于清辅音。
注意：在[ s ] 音后面读相应的浊辅音[ g ]
发音组合：c k ck
代表单词：cake car can cat come kite sky keep pick back
6. [ g ]
音标特征：舌后软颚爆破浊辅音
发音要诀：舌后部隆起, 舌根紧贴软颚, 形成阻碍,然后突然张开,气流冲出口腔。声带震动, 属于浊辅音。
发音组合：g
代表单词：go gap get big bag beg
音标对比：[ k ] [ g ]
keep get
kid gain
cake beg
pick pig
bake big
爆破音小结: