动词短语及辨析总结
2010高考二轮复习英语教案
专题五动词和动词短语
【专题要点】动词和动词短语是英语中最灵活、最难掌握的词，其主要考点概览如下：
1.实义动词sell, write, wash, wear等词的主动形式后跟副词表示被动意义；
2.happen, occur, break out, come out, belong to等词为不及物动词或短语，无被动形式；
3.同义、近义或结构近似的动词或短语动词的辨析；
4.由get, turn, break ,take, set, come等动词构成的动词短语；
5.have和get常见的用法；
6.appear, seem和look的用法与区别。
【考纲要求】动词和动词短语，在历年高考题中所占比例最大，设题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词短语意义的理解和运用能力。主要出现在单项选择及完形填空中，考纲要求在复习备考中要掌握以下几个方面:
1.动词的词义；
2.动词搭配；
3.动词短语；
4.及物动词和不及物动词的特殊用法；
5.常用动词的用法；
6.熟记16个高频动词构成的短语用法（break, bring, call, come, cut, give, go, get, hold, look, make, put, set, take, turn, set等）
【教法指引】考查动词词义辨析和动词短语辨析是高考命题的基本形式，教师在引导学生复习备考中，要把握考纲要求，重点突出，找出易混点，重点词、词组，高频词、词组，正确辨析动词的同义词、近义词，动词短语的相近形式和意义，引导学生理解句意、语境通过辨析、理解语境，在训练中掌握这项考点。【知识网络】动词和动词短语
一、动词的分类
根据意义和句法作用，英语动词可分为四类：
1.行为动词（实义动词）
①及物动词（带宾语）：study, develop;
②不及物动词（不带宾语）work, swim, go, come
③状态动词（相对静止）contain, exist, own, prefer, belong
④动作动词延续性（work, stay）；非延续性（marry, go, come）
2.系动词
①表示人或事物的特征和状态：be, feel, look, seem, taste, appear, sound
②表示状态的变化：turn, go, become, get, fall, grow
③表示某种状态的延续或持续：remain, keep, stay
3.助动词（与动词原形或分词构成复合谓语）：
be(am,is,are),do(does,did);have(has);will,would,shall
4.情态动词：can(could),may(might),must,shall(should)
二、动词及动词短语
（一）、动词词义辨析
动词是是各类考试的重点，高考试题中，单项填空、完形填空和改错等三项题型中，动词辨义的比重较大，并逐年增加。动词辨义主要指：
1、形状相同的动词之间辨义。如：lie, lay; hanged, hung; rise, raise; sit, seat等。
2、意义相近的动词之间辨义。如：borrow, lend; speak, say, talk; hope, wish等。
3、动词与其它词形相近、意义相似的词的辨义。如：advise, advice; cost, worth; pass, past 等。
4、意义不同，但容易混淆的动词的辨义。如：explain, say; discover, invent, uncover; find, find out等。
5、某些常用动词的习惯用法的辨义。如：ask, give, call, make, find, get, keep, want, see, hear等。
6、某些常用动词短语的辨义。如：give in, give up, turn on, turn off, turn down, turn up等。
（二）、易混动词归纳对比
1、lay（放）, lie（躺）与lie（说谎）：这三个易混动词构成见下表：
2、rise和raise：rise是不及物动词，其过去式是rose，过去分词是risen，而raise 是及物动词，是规则动词。
3、hear与listen to：hear侧重点是听到，听见什么，而listen to是侧重于听的倾向，但hear用于无意中的听见，而listen to却用于集中注意力的听。
4、see, watch和look：see用作看电影，剧目；watch则用作看电视比赛，而watch还有在旁观看之意。如：Are you going to play or only watch?；look一般用
作不及物动词，只是当盯着某人看时用作及物动词，如：The little boy looked me in the face.（小男孩直盯着我的脸。）
5、wind和wound：wind意为蜿蜒而行，其过去式与过去分词都是wound，而动词原形wound意为伤害，其过去式、过去分词都是wounded。
6、hang的用法：hang有两个意思：一为悬挂，是不规则动词，过去式、过去分词都是hung；二为绞刑，是规则动词，其过去式、过去分词都是hanged。
7、hear的过去分词born与borne：bear作为出生讲有两个过去分词born，borne。只有当be+born…短语后没有by介词短语时，才可用born。如:He was born in Shanghai. 而作它用时要用borne。如：She has borne five children. 但如果作忍受讲，则一律用borne。
8、sit与seat：seat为及物动词时是作容纳讲，sit只是表示一动作。seat如果表示就座时要用be seated。如：They were seated at their desks. 或用seat oneself, 比如:I seated myself in the armchair.
9、borrow, lend与keep：借入英文中用borrow，借出用lend，但这两个词都是截止性动词或瞬间动词，不能用于长时间的动作，所以我能借多久应用keep。
10、win与beat：win作胜、赢讲时其后应接，a game, an argument, a battle, a prize,
a contest, a race, a bet，但不能接人，如果接人则有另外的含意。如:I have won him. 即我已说服他了，我赢得他的好感。而beat是及物动词为击败、胜过讲，直接接人、队。
11、steal与rob：steal为偷。rob为抢，其用法不同。steal其后接物+from+某人、某地，而rob其后接人+of+抢的物品。
12、fit与suit：fit与suit均可作合适讲，但英文中却用在不同的地方。如fit用于尺寸大小的合适，而suit则多用于颜色式样的合适。
13、take, bring 与fetch：英文中拿三个词，即拿来，拿去，去取然后回来(即双程)。所以拿来，带来是bring，拿去带走是take，而去取回来是fetch。
14、shut与close：shut与close有时是可以互换的，但有些地方则不可这样做。如:在正式场合多用close，而在命令，态度粗暴的场合则用shut。如:Shut your mouth!(闭嘴)；又如:Shut up. 在指铁路、公路交通关闭或停止使用的场合，则要用close。
15、answer与reply：作为回答讲answer是及物动词，如作不及物动词，则意义不同，如answer for，意为向某人或向某事负责。而reply作回答讲是不及物动词，后跟宾语时，要加上to。
16、reach，arrive与get to：reach当到达讲是及物动词，而当延伸和拿得到、拿不到时讲，则是不及物动词。作到达讲时还有get to, arrive(at/in)。
17、cost，spend与take：英文中花费有三个词cost, spend, take，但各有不同用法。cost作“花费”讲，主语不能是人，而spend的主语不能是物。如: she spent all his money on stamps.而take作花费讲时，可用人也可用物做主语。更多的用法是用形式主语it，如It takes me three hours to finish this work.
18、lost, gone与missing：作补足语时意为丢失、不见了，可以用lost, gone，但要用 miss时则不能用missed, 而要用missing.
19、have on, wear, put on及dress：作穿衣服讲的动词分为状态和动作两种。have on与wear作穿着状态讲;但have on不用进行时态，而wear则常要用进行时态。put on是动作，但dress既可用作状态，又可用作穿衣动作，但用作状态时要用其过去分词作形容词如:He was dressed in a b1ue suit作动作讲时，其后不要接衣物而要接反身代词或表示人、物的名词，如：I dress my children in the morning every day.
20、begin与start
begin与Start 均可作开始讲，并无多少区别，同样可接不定式或动名词，但在下面的场合多要用Start：1)机器的开动发动；2)旅途的开始。如:we shou1d have to start early because there was a lot traffic in the street。
21、allow 与permit
allow与permit其后直接接动作时要用动名词，如接人后再接动词则要用不定式，所以用在被动语态时一定要用不定式。如：People are not allowed to spit. 22、find与found
find找到的过去式和过去分词都是found，而found是动词“建立”的原形，其过去式和过去分词是founded，founded，如：The People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949.
23、speak, say, talk 与tell
英文中讲有4个词，speak, say, talk, tell，但其中speak, talk多用作不及物动词，但speak后加语言名词时则用作及物动词，如：Please speak English。而say与tell 是及物动词，其中tell常用作接双宾语，如：Tell me a story。但也有些特定的习惯用法，如：在作讲实话，讲谎言，表示时间常用单宾语而不能换其它词，如：My watch was broken. It couldn’t tell time correctly。在书信、便条、海报上写着英文应为It said …。在作辨别不同讲时是tell，如：Can you tell me the difference between the two？而讲别人好坏话时用speak，如：The father always speaks well of his son.。
24、excuse me 与sorry
excuse me用于来打拢对方前以提醒对方注意的提示语，而sorry则表达因作了某事向对方道歉。
25、care for 与care to do
care for其后要接不定式时则要省去for或换用名词，如：Would you care for a cup of tea？但care for作照顾讲时与look after相同。
26、与名词易混的动词有：advise(v.), advice (n.); accept(v.), except(prep.); pass(v.), past(prep.); bathe(v.), bath(n.); breathe(v.), breath(n.); choose(v.), choice(n.); succeed(v.), success(n.);
27、意义相近的动词：ring摇铃，打铃，电话铃响，strike专指敲钟，打几点，撞击；suggest提出实验性或推测性的建议，advice表示对经验不足人的一种忠告；look由视觉得出的印象，seem暗示一定根据的判定，appear外表印象而实际或结果并非如此；stay停留，逗留，remain遗物，某物被取走一部分后剩余部分；discover（发现）找到早已存在但未被人所了解的东西，invent（发明）研制出不存在的东西；remember记忆起以前经历或知道的事，remind提醒某人做某事。28、动词 + 副词 + 介词：catch up with, look forward to, come up with, keep up with, go in for, look down on, get on with …
29、动词 + 介词to的词组有：come to, stick to, object to, agree to, turn to, attend to, belong to, devote to, reply to …
30、与in相结合的动词有：give in, hand in, bring in, drop in, succeed in, take in, check in, engage in, fill in, trade in …
（三）动词短语
动词短语是指动词和介词、副词或名词的习惯搭配。有关动词短语的测试点主要涉及结构上选用恰当的搭配词，不同搭配含意上的辨异及不同短语的辨异。需掌握以下要点：
1、根据动词短语的不同特点，掌握其运用规律。
(I)动词+副词(不及物)
Harry turned up after the party when everyone had left. 晚会后，人们都已离去，哈里出现了。
(2)动词+副词(及物)
Please turn every light in the house off. 请把房子里的每一盏灯都关掉。
注意：①如果宾语较长，就应避免把副词同动词分开。如：She turned off all the lights which had been left on. 她关掉了所有还在亮着的灯。②如果宾语是人称代词，只能放在动词和副词之间。如：She gave them away. 她送掉了它们。
(3)动词+介词(及物)
I'm looking for my glasses. 我在找我的眼镜。
注意：①当它跟宾语时，不能把介词放在宾语后面。②动词短语可以放在句子或从句末尾。如：She's got more work than she can cope with. 她的工作多得使她应付不了。
(4)动词+副词+介词
I look forward to seeing you soon. 我盼望不久就见到你。
注：“动词+介词”、“动词+名词+副词”、“动词+副词+介词”，这三种搭配都是及物的，如变成被动语态，不可漏掉介词。In this way both grain and vegetable can be well looked after. (不能漏掉after) 这样一来，粮食和蔬菜都能兼顾了。
2、熟悉同一动词和不同介词或副词、不同的动词和同一介词或同一副词搭配在意义上的差异。
(1)同一动词和不同介词搭配时，意义上的差异。如：①hear from收到…的来信，hear of听说。②look after照料，look at看，look for寻找。
(2)同一动词和不同副词搭配时，意义上的差异。如：①ring back回电话, ring off 挂断电话, ring up打电话②put away放好, put on穿，上演, put up挂起，举起。
(3)不同动词和同一介词搭配时，在意义上的差异。如：look for寻找, call for去取(某物)，去接(某人), ask for请求, wait for等候, send for派人去叫。
(4)不同动词和同一副词搭配时，在意义上的差异。如：①break out发生，爆炸, carry out进行，开展, go out熄灭, hand out分发, let out放出, look out当心, sell out 卖完, set out出发, take out取出, work out算出。②break down出毛病, come down 落下来, get down下车, take down取下, write down写下。
（四）、常见高频动词短语总结
1. break
break away 摆脱；逃跑
break down （机器）出故障；中断；分解
break into 闯入；打断；突然中断
break off 中断；折断；突然停止
break out 突然发生；爆发
break through 突破；克服；挣脱而出
break up 打碎；中断；分解
break in 破门而入；打断（谈话）；插嘴
2. bring
bring about 引起；造成
bring down 使倒下；使下降；使受挫折
bring forward 提出；提前（=put forward）
bring into operation实施；使生效
bring out 显示出来；出版；生产
bring up 提出；教育；培养；吐出
bring back 把---送回；使想起；恢复bring in 引进；挣得
3. call
call for 需要；要求；邀请
call off 取消；停止
call on 拜访；看望；号召
call up 打电话；使人想起；召集
call at 访问
call in 请来；召集
call back 回电话；召回
4. come
come about 发生
come across 偶遇；碰到；讲清楚
come along 进展；成功；一道走
come into effect 生效
come off 发生；举行；成功
come on 快点；走吧；有进展
come out 出来；结果是出版
come round/around再现；恢复知觉；改变看法come through 经历；获得成功
come to 苏醒；达到；总数为
come up 发生；走上前去;(时间)快到come up to 达到（高度、程度）；符合come up against 碰到（困难）
come up with 赶上；提出
come back 回来；反驳
come true 变为现实
5. cut
cut across 绕劲道穿过；超越；遮住cut back 削减；终止；急忙返回
cut down 削减；减少
cut in 插嘴；打断；突然出来
cut off 切断；中断；隔绝
cut out 删掉；戒掉
cut short 中断；打断；缩短
6. carry
carry on 继续；坚持
carry out 执行；实施
carry through 帮助度过难关；完成；实现7. die
die away 渐弱
die down 熄灭；平静下来
die of 因----（病）死亡
die from 因----（外部原因）死亡
die out 灭绝；绝种
be dying to do sth. 迫切想做某事
8. give
give away 赠送；颁发；泄露；告发；失去
give out 分发；公布；公开；用完（vi）;耗尽（vi）
give off 发出；放出
give up 放弃；自首；将-----交给某人（to sb.）;对某人不报希望（on sb.）give in 屈服；投降；让步；上交；呈交
9. go
go along 进展；陪同前往
go by 时间过去；经过；遵守
go down 下降；下沉；下跌
go for 去；选择；想要；攻击（用语言）
go in for 从事；爱好；参加（选拔赛、考试等）
go into 研究；调查，从事
go off 离开；爆炸；食品变坏；断电；熄灭；（与副词连用或用于疑问句）进行；发生
go on 继续进行；发生；上场
go out 离开；熄灭；过时
go over 浏览；仔细查看；检查；审查
go through 通过；经历（苦难）；仔细检查
go up 上升；增长；涨价
10. get
get through 浏览；翻阅；经历困难（痛苦）；做完某事
get in 收割；收获；收集；购买；买进；插话
get over 克服；战胜；熬过；做完；结束；走完
get on 继续；进行；上车
get round 传播；散播；说服某人；回避；避开
get about 四处走动；传开
get across 传达；使---让人理解
get along/on (with) 进展；相处
get down 记下；下来；下车；使---人忧愁
get down to(介词) 开始认真干
get back 恢复；回来；收回
get out 泄露；逃离
get tighter 聚会；收集
11. hold
hold back 阻碍；阻止；控制；抑制；隐瞒；保留；犹豫不决
hold up 举起；抬起；拿起；支撑；耽搁；使停顿；拦劫；抢劫；举出，提出
hold out 维持；坚持；伸出；拿出
hold off 拖延；延迟
12. keep
keep away(from) 使远离
keep back 扣除，保留；隐瞒
keep off 避开；不接近
keep on 继续
keep out 挡在外边；（警示语）请勿靠近keep up 保持，不低落；持续，继续
keep up with 跟上
13. look
look after 照顾；关心
look out 看；当心；查阅；观察
look back 回头看；回顾
look down on/upon轻视；看不起
look for 寻找；寻求；期望
look forward to 盼望；期待
look in 顺便看望；顺便拜访
look into 调查，深入了解
look on 观看；旁观
look over 翻阅；浏览
look through 浏览；详细调查
look up 查阅；查出
14. make
make for 向----前进，快速走向
make out 理解，领悟；辨认出，写出
make up 组成，占----比例；弥补，补偿；捏造make up for 弥补，补偿
make up of 由---组成；包含有
15. pick
pick out 挑出；分辨出；区别出
pick up 拿起；捡起；收拾；偶然获得，学会，接收（节目）；（开车）去接；（顺便）捎带
16. put
put across 解释清楚；使人接受
put aside 放在一边；储存；保留
put away 放好；收好
put down 写下；记下；镇压
put forward 提出；推荐；把---提前
put in 伸进；提出；提交；申请，请求
put in for 申请；正式要求
put off 延期；推迟；关掉；阻止，妨碍
put on 穿上；戴上；上演；增加（体重）
put out 熄灭；关灯；生产出，出版
put up 举起；修建；提供
put up with 忍受；容忍
put through （把电话）接通；做完；向—传达，提出（to sb.）；使经受—的考验
17. send
send away 送走；解雇
send for 派人去请
send out 发送；长出；发出（光、信号等）
send up 上升；发射
18. set
set about 开始做，着手
set apart 使分离；使显得突出
set aside 留出；拨出
set back 推迟，阻碍；使花费
set down 记下，写下
set off 动身出发；引起；使爆炸（cause to explode）set out 动身出发；引起;表示“着手做”时后跟动词不定式set up 建立；创立；引起
19. take
take after 与----相似
take apart 拆卸（机器）
take away 拿走；时离开；消除（病痛等）
take down 记下来；拆掉
take for （错）当作；（误）认为
take in 吸收；接受；领会；欺骗
take off 起飞；匆匆离去；脱下
take on 呈现；采纳；承担，从事
take on e’s time 不要着急，慢慢地做
take over 接收，接管，取代
take to 喜欢；养成---的习惯
take up 占据，占（时间、空间）；开始从事
20. turn
turn down 关小，调低，拒绝
turn off 关上/掉；转向；（使某人感到厌烦）
turn out 关（灯）；制造；结果是；原来是；培养
turn over （使）翻转/身；移交；周转；仔细考虑
turn to 求助于；（使）转向；（把注意力等）转向；翻书到turn up 开大；被发现，被找到；到达；露面
英文中介词和动词短语的辨析 Many students when learning English seem to get confused about exactly how to use prepositions correctly. The problem is that new English students either try to compare them, or to use them in the same way that they are used in their own language. This is something that does not always work. Although they CAN often be used in the same way, sometimes there are exceptions to the rule that just have to be excepted. For example: 1. I go home after work. And not (I go to home after work). 2. I am playing football at the weekend. And not (I am playing football in the weekend). They are all the little words that we use to join up phrases and sentences, so that they either sound right when we speak, or they look right when we write. There are over 150 of these joining words used in the English language. At, in, on, of, to, off, for, by, with, into, onto, after, about, after, before, behind, down, than, through, etc., are all such words. When trying to use these words correctly, it is best to learn them in a drip feed fashion. For example: One day could be spent learning how to use them with time, e.g. on Sunday, at night, at the weekend, at seven o' clock, etc. Another day could be spent learning how to use them with places, e.g. The pencil is on/in/next to/by/under the table, etc. Something else that also leads to confusion are phrasal verbs. With these verbs the list just seems to go on and on. But first let us take a quick look at the difference between a preposition, and an adverb. 1. The cat climbed up the curtain. (up is the preposition since it has an object, the curtain). 2. The cat ran off in the morning. (off is an adverb since it has no object, and talks about the verb ran).
必备英语【初中英语】常见动词短语最全总结 一、动词 1．My father wants me to doing my homework as soon as I get home. A. stand for B. win the heart of C. stay in touch with D. get into the habit of 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：我的父亲希望我养成一到家就做家庭作业的习惯．stand for代表；win the heart of赢得…的心；stay in touch with与…保持联络；get into the habit of养成…的习惯．get into the habit of doing sth养成做某事的习惯．根据句意可知选D 【点评】考查动词短语辨析。 2．This pair of shoes hand,and it very comfortable. A. is made with; is felt B. are made from; is felt C. are made of; feels D. is made by; feels 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：这双鞋是由手工制作的，它摸起来很舒服。be made by hand，手工制作。feel为系动词，表“摸起来”，不能用被动语态，主语为it，feel要用三单形式feels。故选D。 【点评】本题考查短语辨析和系动词辨析。掌握be made by hand手工制作，注意feel做系动词时无被动语态。 3．— I hope you can stick with your dream no matter what happens. —Thank you. I will never give it up. A. continue with B. keep in touch with C. agree with 【答案】 A 【解析】【答案】A 【分析】句意—无论发生什么，我希望你能坚持你的梦想。—谢谢你。我不会放弃的。continue with”继续；坚持“；keep in touch with”保持联系“；agree with”同意“。可知选A。【点评】考查动词词组的辨析 4．— Jack, don't forget your homework. It __________ today. — OK, I will finish it on time. A. should finish B. should be finished C. can't finish D. can't be finished 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：Jack，不要忘了你的作业。今天它应该被完成。should：应该，后跟动词原形。it代指作业，和finish是动宾关系，因此要用被动结构be finished, can't：不
外研版英语【初中英语】动词短语练习题(含答案) 一、动词 1．It's not a good habit to ______ what you can do today till tomorrow. A. take off B. put off C. get off D. turn off 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：今天做的推迟到明天完成是一种坏习惯。A 表脱下、起飞，B表推迟，C表下车，D表关掉，故选B。 2．Please remember ________ your notebook here tomorrow. A. brings B. brought C. bringing D. to bring 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】remember to do sth记得（去）做某事，表示事情还未做;remember doing sth.记得做（过）某事，表示事情已经做了。根据句意：请记得明天把你的笔记本带到这儿来。说明事情还未做，故选D。 【点评】考查固定短语。注意两个remember短语的区别，平时要善于归纳总结。 3．This pair of shoes hand,and it very comfortable. A. is made with; is felt B. are made from; is felt C. are made of; feels D. is made by; feels 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：这双鞋是由手工制作的，它摸起来很舒服。be made by hand，手工制作。feel为系动词，表“摸起来”，不能用被动语态，主语为it，feel要用三单形式feels。故选D。 【点评】本题考查短语辨析和系动词辨析。掌握be made by hand手工制作，注意feel做系动词时无被动语态。 4．Thomas Edison was such a great person who never that he made so many great inventions all his life. A. took up B. thought up C. made up D. gave up 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】。句意:爱迪生是如此伟大的人物, 一生中他从来不放弃他做的这么多的发明。A. took up接收；B. thought up想出；C. made up编造；D. gave up放弃。根据语意故答案选D。 【点评】考查动词短语辨析主要考查took up thought up made up gave up四个动词短语的意思和用法。
动词短语及辨析总结-标准化文件发布号：（9556-EUATWK-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DDQTY-KII
2010高考二轮复习英语教案 专题五动词和动词短语 【专题要点】动词和动词短语是英语中最灵活、最难掌握的词，其主要考点概览如下： 1.实义动词sell, write, wash, wear等词的主动形式后跟副词表示被动意义； 2.happen, occur, break out, come out, belong to等词为不及物动词或短语，无被动形式； 3.同义、近义或结构近似的动词或短语动词的辨析； 4.由get, turn, break ,take, set, come等动词构成的动词短语；5.have和get常见的用法； 6.appear, seem和look的用法与区别。 【考纲要求】动词和动词短语，在历年高考题中所占比例最大，设题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词短语意义的理解和运用能力。主要出现在单项选择及完形填空中，考纲要求在复习备考中要掌握以下几个方面: 1.动词的词义； 2.动词搭配； 3.动词短语； 4.及物动词和不及物动词的特殊用法； 5.常用动词的用法； 6.熟记16个高频动词构成的短语用法（break, bring, call, come, cut, give, go, get, hold, look, make, put, set, take, turn, set等） 【教法指引】考查动词词义辨析和动词短语辨析是高考命题的基本形式，教师在引导学生复习备考中，要把握考纲要求，重点突出，找出易混点，重点词、词组，高频词、词组，正确辨析动词的同义词、近义词，动词短语的相近形式和意义，引导学生理解句意、语境通过辨析、理解语境，在训练中掌握这项考点。【知识网络】动词和动词短语 一、动词的分类 根据意义和句法作用，英语动词可分为四类： 1.行为动词（实义动词） ①及物动词（带宾语）：study, develop; ②不及物动词（不带宾语）work, swim, go, come ③状态动词（相对静止）contain, exist, own, prefer, belong ④动作动词延续性（work, stay）；非延续性（marry, go, come）
备战2019高考英语专题-动词及动词短语辨析-巩固提升练习（含解 析） 一、单选题 1.The policeman_________ two thieves who were caught stealing in the supermarket. A. brought up B. brought into C. brought in D. brought out 2.Can Operation Mekong, a bloody and cruel and violent real-life tale, an entertaining 90 minutes in the movie theater? A. account for B. push for C. make for D. head for 3.When making a speech, it is important to __________ one's message__________ to the audience. A. get; away B. get; out C. get; across D. get; down 4.She ______ a headache and this ______ made her unable to sleep all the night. A. was suffered from… suffer B. is suffering…suffering C. suffered…suffered D. was suffering from…suffering 5.As his wife was dismissed from her company last month, the news that he might also lose his job ________ his anxiety. A. added to B. appealed to C. applied to D. attended to 6.When we ________after a long talk, we found the children sleeping in _______beds. A. separated; separate B. separated; separated C. separate; separate D. separate; separated
最新中考英语短语动词专项训练及答案 一、短语动词 1．To make the hall brighter, they have decided to ______ two more lights. A. put in B. put out C. put on D. put off 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：为了使大厅更加明亮，他们已经决定放入另外两盏灯。put in提出，提交，放入；put out扑灭；put on穿上，上演；put off推迟。根据句意To make the hall brighter可知，这里应是在大厅里再放两盏灯，故应选A。 2．--- Who is Dave looking ______? --- His mother. She's been in hospital for a few days. A. for B. after C. at D. up 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——Dave在照顾谁？——他妈妈，她住院好几天了。look after照顾；look for寻找；look at看；look up查找。根据in hospital可知选B。 【点评】考查介词辨析，牢记look的固定搭配。 3．--Talking loudly in a library is impolite. --In fact, we should also take care not to cough or sneeze loudly in public.（找出与画线部分意思相同或相近的选项） A. look after B. be careful C. take care of D. look up 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：在图书馆大声喧哗是不礼貌的。——实际上，我们应该当心，不要在公共场所咳嗽或者打喷嚏。take care当心，小心。look after照顾；be careful小心；take care of照顾；look up查找。故选B。 【点评】考查动词短语辨析。 4． I would rather _____ hiking than _____ swimming. A. to go , to go B. going, going C. go ,go D. go, going 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意:我宁愿去徒步旅行也不愿去游泳。本句中考查的句型是would
常用动词短语整理1. break break down出毛病，拆开 break off暂停，中断 2. call call up打电话 call out大喊，高叫 3. come come down下跌，落，降，传下来 come in进来 come out出版，结果是 come on 快点加油 come over走过来 come up with 提出主意想法 come back回来 come from来自，源自 come true 实现 4. cut cut down砍倒，削减 cut up连根拔除，切碎 5. die die of死于（疾病，饥饿，寒冷，情感原因）die from死于（外界原因）
fall behind落后 fall down掉下，跌倒 fall into 落入；陷入 fall off 从。。。掉下 fall asleep 睡着 7. go go along沿着。。。。走 go over复习，检查 go by时间过去 go on(with)继续进行 go out外出 go off发出响声 8. get get down下来，记下，使沮丧 get on进展，进步，穿上，上车 get off脱下,下车 get over克服，从疾病中恢复 get along with进展，相处 get up起床 get into (trouble) 陷入困境中get back取回，收回 get out of 从哪出来 get to 到达。。。 get married to 与某人结婚 get together 聚集
give away赠送 give out分发， give up放弃 give sb a hand 给予某人帮助10. hand hand in交上，提交 hand out分发 hold on to…继续，坚持 hold up举起，使停顿 hold on别挂电话，等，坚持 12. keep keep up with跟上 keep out 不使。。。进入 keep（stay）away from 远离 keep on继续，坚持下来 knock at/on敲 knock into撞到某人身上
初中常见动词短语及近义词词义辨析： 1. 常见的动词短语有以下几种形式： 动词+介词laugh at嘲笑point at指着worry about担忧 agree with赞成ask for请求talk about 谈论 pick up捡起grow up长大look out 当心stay up熬夜动词+名词make progress取得进步make faces做鬼脸 动词+名词+介词make friends with... 和……交朋友 动词+副词+介词stay away from远离get along with进展；处理 动词+介词+名词go to school go to bed 常见的动词短语 Take take up占据；开始做…．take away带走；拿走 take off起飞；脱掉 take down写下；记下；拆除take out拿出；切除 take place发生 take care of照顾 take part in 参加 make make a decision作出决定make a mistake犯错 make a living谋生 make up组成；构成 Keep keep out留在外面 keep up with并驾齐驱；跟上keep away from远离 keep in touch保持联系keep healthy保持健康 Give give up放弃 give in 屈服；让步 give away捐赠 give out散发；分发 give off发出（光、热等）Get get to 到达 get up 起床；起来 get over 克服 get on 上车 get off 下车 get together相聚 get ready for为……作准备Turn turn on打开 turn off关闭 turn up开大；调高；出现turn down调低；关小 turn in上交 turn out结果是…… Put put up搭建；张贴 put on穿上；上演 put off推迟；拖延 put out熄灭 put away把……收起来 put down写下；记下 put up with 容忍
高考英语常考动词短语辨析 Agree agree vi.同意；持相同意见 I cannot agree with you on this point.在这一点上，我不能同意你的意见。 sb agree with sb 同意某人的话，意见 sth agree with sb 某物，某事适应某人 agree to sb 建议 agree on sth 在某一点上取得一致意见 agree up sth 在某一点上取得一致意见 agree to do sth 同意干某事 Break break vt.打破；损坏；破坏 We should all take a little break before dessert. 吃甜点之前我们大家应该稍微休息一下。 break down 机器坏了=go wrong 身体垮了/终止谈话 I had never seen a grown man break down and cry. 我未曾看到过一个这么强壮汉子痛哭失声。 break in 闯入，插话 break off 忽然停止讲话/断绝，结束/暂停工作，休息 break out （战争等）爆发；逃出（无被动式） break through 打破包围 break up 驱散，学校的放学 The police had to employ force to break up the crowd.警察不得不使用武人群。break away from 脱离，逃说，与…断绝来往/改变某种习惯 Bring bring vt.拿来；带来；取来 I'll bring some of my pictures into the gallery. 我就带一些我的摄影到艺廊来。bring about =cause，result in，lead to bring down 使倒下，使下降 bring force 使产生，引起 bring forward 提出建议=put forward/提前 bring in =get in the pops/使得到某种收入
人教版中考英语专项训练动词短语知识点总结 一、动词 1．This kind of T-shirt looks and sells in the market. A. nice； good B. well； well C. nice； well D. good； nice 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:这种衬衫看起来好看，在商场上卖得好。nice，good是形容词，这里look是系动词，后用形容词做表语，sell动词，副词修饰动词，well 副词，好地。故选C。 2．In China, children won't until they get married. A. move away B. move out C. get up D. get out 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】A.move away 离开；B.move out搬出去；C.get up起床；D.get out出去。句意：在中国，小孩子直到结婚了才______。故选B。 【点评】此题考查固定的短语搭配，平时应多归纳总结并记忆。 3．Luke told me to take a break from running. A. have a break B. take a rest C. have a rest D. all the above 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】take a break休息一会。A.have a break /B.take a rest /C.have a rest意思都为:休息一会；D.all the above上述所有的，故选D。 【点评】 4．The red car is Jim's and the blue one me. A. belongs B. belongs to C. belonged to D. is belonged to 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：这部红色轿车是吉姆的，这部蓝色的属于我。belong to 意为“属于”，是固定短语, 排除A；属于不及物动词，无被动语态，排除D；根据连词and前的一般现在时态，故后句也应用一般现在时态。故选B。 【点评】本题考查belong to的用法。熟记belong to的用法，并注意时态的运用。5．—Who reached the station on time?
1. burn down/burn out/burn up burn down (火势)减弱，(被)焚毁；burn out烧尽，熄灭；burn up 被烧掉(毁)，烧得更旺。 2. how often/how long/how far/how soon how often有"多久一次"的意思，是对做某事的频率提问。对how often 的回答一般是：twice a year/three times a week。how long表示 "时间多久或物体多长"，表示时间时侧重指 "一段时间"。对how long的回答一般是时间段，如for three days。how far 是提问"路程有多远"，询问距离的，还可以表示程度。how soon表示 "多久 之后"，主要用来对表示将来的一段时间提问。对how soon的回答一般是：in + 时间段，如in two days/in five years。转载请注明出处：天星教育试题调研《考前抢分必备》 【真题回放】Students are always interested in finding out______they can go with a new teacher。(2008·安徽卷) A. how far B. how soon C how often D how long 答案： A 3. call at/call back/call for/call in/call on/call up call at (a place) 访问(某地);call back 回电话; call for (公开)要求，需要; call in 要求退回，召来;call on 邀请，请求; call up 使回忆起，使想起。 4. come about/come across/come off/come out/come true/come up come about 发生;come across(偶然)遇见;come off 能被去掉(或除去)；come out出版，发行; come true变为现实，实现;come up 长出地面，升起。 【真题回放】—Have you______some new ideas? —Yeah. I’ll tell you later. (2007·江苏卷) A. come about B. come into C. come up with D. come out with 答案： C 5. cut down/cut off/cut through/cut up/cut in cut down砍倒，削减；cut off打断，中断(供给)；cut through开辟(出路或通道)；cut up(严重地)割伤，打伤，切碎；cut in插嘴。 6. break out/break down/break away from/break into/break off/break through/break up break out爆发；break down出故障，坏掉；break away from突然挣脱，逃脱；break into强行闯入；break off中断，断开；break through克服，战胜;break up拆开，打散。 7. bring in/bring up/bring about
2010 高考二轮复习英语教案 专题五动词和动词短语 【专题要点】动词和动词短语是英语中最灵活、最难掌握的词，其主要考点概览如下： 1. 实义动词 sell, write, wash, wear 等词的主动形式后跟副词表示被动意义； , occur, break out, come out, belong to 等词为不及物动词或短语，无被动形式； 3. 同义、近义或结构近似的动词或短语动词的辨析； 4. 由 get, turn, break ,take, set, come 等动词构成的动词短语；和 get 常见的用法； , seem 和look 的用法与区别。 【考纲要求】动词和动词短语，在历年高考题中所占比例最大，设题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词短语意义的理解和运用能力。主要出现在单项选择及完形填空中，考纲要求在复习备考中要掌握以下几个方面 : 1.动词的词义； 2. 动词搭配； 3. 动词短语； 4. 及物动词和不及物动词的特殊用法； 5. 常用动词的用法； 6. 熟记 16 个高频动词构成的短语用法（ break, bring, call, come, cut, give, go, get, hold, look, make, put, set, take, turn, set 等） 【教法指引】考查动词词义辨析和动词短语辨析是高考命题的基本形式，教师在引导学生复习备考中，要把握考纲要求，重点突出，找出易混点，重点词、词组，高频词、词组，正确辨析动词的同义词、近义词，动词短语的相近形式和意义，引导学生理解句意、语境通过辨析、理解语境，在训练中掌握这项考点。 【知识网络】动词和动词短语 一、动词的分类 根据意义和句法作用，英语动词可分为四类： 1.行为动词（实义动词） ①及物动词（带宾语）： study, develop; ②不及物动词（不带宾语）work, swim, go, come ③状态动词（相对静止）contain, exist, own, prefer, bel ong ④动作动词延续性（ work, stay ）；非延续性（ marry, go, come ） 2.系动词 ①表示人或事物的特征和状态：be, feel, look, seem, taste, appear, sound ②表示状态的变化： turn, go, become, get, fall, grow ③表示某种状态的延续或持续：remain, keep, stay 3.助动词(与动词原形或分词构成复合谓语) be(am,is,are),do(does,did);have(has);will,would,shall 4.情态动词：can(could),may(might),must,shall(should)
初中英语动词短语辨析练习 1、Would you please _____the posters _____? They are not allowed to be here. A. put…off B. take…off C. put…on D. take…down 2、---She devoted as much time as she could _____________patients. ---So she did. A. help B. helped C. helping D. to helping 3、—Can you help me______ the information about game shows on the Internet? —Sure. A．look for B．find C．find out D．watch 4、—We've been trying hard，but can't solve the problem. —I think you can__ __ it in another way. A．share with B．deal with C．keep up with D．point out with 5、Dictionary is a good teacher. You’d better_______ the new words in a dictionary instead of keeping asking others. A. put up B. wake up C. set up D. look up 6、My husband_____send me flowers every week before we got married. But now he never dows. A.should https://www.doczj.com/doc/c64189216.html,ed to C. was going to D. was afraid to 7、He ___ . Maybe there’s something wrong with his throat. A. have a backache B. has a sore throat C. had a headache 8、Peel the potatoes first ,then_____ A . cut up it B . cut it up C . cut them up D . cut up them 9、Lily did all kinds of things to make the baby ________. A to stop crying B .to stop to cry C .stop to cry D. stop crying 10、We have tried to ______，but she always looks unhappy. A．laugh at her B．cheer her up C．make fun of her 11、Three years goes by. Great changes have ________ in my school. A. happened B. taken place C. been taken place D. been happened 12、We tried to find a table for our family, but they were all ______. A. given away B. used up C. kept away D. taken up 13、–Where is Ted? I can’t find him these days. --He has ____ on a journey round China. A. got off B. taken off C. set off D. paid off 14、Last night his house after a heavy rain. A. falls down B.fell down C.felt down D.feels down 15、If farmers _______the land, the animals won’t have any places to live in. A. took away B. put up C. took off D. put on 16、He left the job in the city to ________ farming in the countryside. A．take up B．grow up C．make up D．get up 17、Though he ________, he still ________his theory. A. has laughed; stuck to B. was laughed at; was stuck to C. was laughed; was stuck to D. was laughed at; stuck to 18、She ________seeing a dead dog.
（）1.His friends suggest that he should take any job he can get and shouldn't________and choose. A.pick B. take C.start D.mind （）2.The statement said five people died at the scene in this accident, while 15 others, their teacher included, were ________ dead by the afternoon. A.convinced B.described https://www.doczj.com/doc/c64189216.html,mitted D.confi （）3. The colour of that Tshirt ________ and made all the other clothes pink. A.went B.disappeared C.ran D.fell （）4. It ______unusual courage and determination to make the break with his family. A.took B.needed C.spent D.shared （）5. Lucy has ________ all of the goals she set for herself in high school and is ready for new challenges at university. A.acquired B.finished C. concluded D.achieved （）6. He has talents by which he might ___ _____ himself. A.expose B.admire C.distinguish D.hide （）7.The US government on Wednesday ______former Commerce Secretary Gary Locke as ambassador to China, making him the first ChineseAmerican ever to take the post. A.accumulated B.reflected C.distinguished D.confirmed （）8. Miss Green often said “God helps those who help themselves”，intending to ________ on us the significance of being independent. A.base B.impress C.focus D.rely （）9.One reason why the housing prices in big cities are going up all the time is that people are ________ into overcrowded cities in great numbers. A.breaking B.pouring C.filling D.squeezing （）10.Do not fear them, for there is nothing covered that will not be ________， and nothing hidden that will not be made known. A.criticized B.defined C.estimated D.revealed （）11.Learning to ________ makes it easier for one to get along with others in work and life. A.create B.live C.share D.learn （）12.Recently the south of our country has been worst ___by the drought. A.impressed B.affected C.expressed D.designed （）13.Your daughter ________ to be a famous musician, so you should keep her practising the piano. A.promises B.agrees C.expects D.pretends （）14.It's no surprise she's leaving the course—she's never really________. A.fitted in B.showed up C.given in D.burnt up （）15.I listened carefully to his long b oring speech, but could not ______what he was talking abou t. A.pick out B.bring out C.make out D.give out （）16.—Did you see Jay Chou at his album signing? —Not really.We waited in line for an hour, only to be ________ at the door. A.turned away B.turned out C.turned off D.turned up （）17. Whenever I look at these photos, they will _____happy memories of my stay in New York. A.call off B.call for C.call up D.call on