江苏省启东中学高三英语虚拟语气、倒装句型练习-牛津版
1. Little _____ about what others think.
A. he has cared
B. he cares
C. cared he
D. does he care
2._____ got into the room _____ the telephone rang. (NMET)
A. He hardly had; then
B. Hardly had he; when
C. He had not; than
D. Not had he; when
3.Only by practising a few hours every day _____ be able to master the language.
A. you can
B. can you
C. you will
D. will you
4.If I _____ him yesterday I _____ him about it.
A. saw; would ask
B. had seen; would have asked
C. had seen; would ask
D. saw; would have asked
5.What do you think would happen if there _____ no light during the days?
A. is
B. will be
C. were
D. would be
6._____ you succeed in everything and _____ you be healthy.
A. Hope; wish
B. Wish; hope
C. May; may
D. Expect; hope
7.But for your help, I _____ the place.
A. can find
B. can’t have found
C. couldn’t find
D. couldn’t have found
8. If her lawyer _____ here last Sunday, he _____ her from going.
A. had been; would have prevented
B. had been; would prevent
C. were; would prevent
D. were; would have prevented
9.If it had not been for the liberation, no changes _____ place in my hometown.
A. would have taken
B. would have been taken
C. will taken
D. will be taken
10._____ late tomorrow, who would take her place?
A. Should Miss Green come
B. If Miss Green would come
C. Miss Green should come
D. If Miss Green comes
11._____ it _____,the crops _____ be saved.
A. Had; rained; could
B. Should; rain; would
C. If; rains; should
D. Would; rain; should
12.The actor is over fifty. But he acts as if he _____ a young man.
A. is
B. will be
C. should be
D. were
13.It seems as if it ____ already summer now.
A. were
B. be
C. is
D. had been
14.I wish I _____ him the day before yesterday.
A. saw
B. could see
C. had seen
D. was seeing
15.I made the suggestion that they _____ the plan they had made.
A. stick to
B. stuck to
C. insist
D. insisted on
16.It is suggested that a study plan _____ right now.
A. is made
B. is to be made
C. be made
D. had been made
17.They required that we _____ them get in the crops.
A. help
B. helped
C. were helping
D. would help
18.She should have attended the class, but she _____ .
A. hadn’t
B. hasn’t
C. didn’t
D. doesn’t
19.It was ordered that no smoking _____ in the library,
which made the smokers unhappy.
A. is forbidden
B. would permit
C. be allowed
D. should not be allowed
20.Not once _____ his view of life.
A. did the gentleman mention
B. the gentleman mentioned
C. mentioned the gentleman
D. does the gentleman mention
21.In the sun _____ a group of young soldiers, gun in hand.
A. did stand
B. had stood
C. standing
D. stood
22. ——You forgot to hand in your homework yesterday.
——Good heavens! _____.Here you are.
A. So I did
B. So did I
C.I did, too
D. So you have
23._____ with his slippers on when he heard the terrible noise.
A. Out did he rush
B. Rushed he out
C. Out rushed he
D. Out he rushed
24.No sooner _____ finished the composition _____ the light went out.
A.I had; when
B.I had; than
C. had I; when
D. had I; than
25.It was not until _____ to prepare his lessons.
A. did his father come in that the boy began
B. his father came in that the boy began
C. did his father come in did the boy begin
D. his father came in did the boy begin
26._____,so you are not a friend of mine.
A.I never saw you before
B. Never before I have seen you
C. Never before have I seen you
D. Never had I seen you before
27.——David has made great progress recently.
——_____,and _____. (上海高考)
A. So he has; so you have
B. So he has; so have you
C. So has he; so have you
D. So has he; so you have
28.Never _____ till tomorrow what may be done today.
A. put off
B. do put off
C. did you put off
D. you will put off
29.——Have you written these letters?
——No,_____ time to do any other work yet.
A. hardly I have
B.I have had hardly
C.I have hardly had
D.I hardly have had
30._____ get such a pair of shoes for my son?
A. Where do you think can I
B. Do you think where can I
C. Do you think where I can
D. Where do you think I can
31.Then _____ that the enemy were gone.
A. the news came
B. came the news
C. did the news come
D. did come the news
32.——What a beautiful bridge,_____?
——Yes,_____?
A. isn’t it; isn’t it
B. is it; is it
C. isn’t it; it is
D. is it; it isn’t
33.Along the path _____,on which _____ “Keep off the Grass”.
A. stood some signs; were written
B. stood some signs; wrote
C. some signs stood; were written
D. some signs stood; wrote
34.He took a taxi so that he _____ there in time.
A. was able to be
B. got
C. could get
D. should get
35.Id rather Tom _____ tomorrow.
A. come
B. would come
C. came
D. will come
36.It is about time you ____ the medicine, sir.
A. will take
B. should take
C. must take
D. are to take
37.If there _____ no electricity in the future, our life _____ change a lot.
A. will be; will
B. is; will
C. should be; would
D. would be; would
38.Without the Communist Party there ____ New China.
A. hadn’t been a
B. is not a
C. would be no
D. was not a
39.There _____ a lot of deer in the forest.
A. have
B. are
C. is
D. has
40.From space _____ like a huge water－covered globe(球体).
A. looks the earth
B. does look the earth
C. the earth looks
D. does the earth look
虚拟语气、倒装句型答案
1－5 D B D B C 6－10 C D A A A 11－15 B D A C A
16－20 C A C C A 21－25 D A D D B 26－30 C B A C D
31－35 B A A C C 36－40 B C C B C
名词从句、定语从句专练
1.______ surprised me most was the news ______ our team won.
A. That; that
B. What; which
C. What; that
D. That; which
2.This is the only book ______ I want to read.
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. as
3.The reason ______ I am so late is ______ the bus.
A. that; I didn’t catch
B./; that I missed
C. why; because I have missed
D./ ;because my not catching
4. The problem ______ has been completely settled.
A. which you thought
B. that you thought
C. about which you thought it
D. that you thought about
5. Is this the tape－recorder you wish ______?
A. to have it repaired
B. to repair it
C. to have repaired
D. repairing
6. The electric toy ______ last month has gone out of order.
A.I bought it for him
B. which I bought to him
C.I bought for him
D. that I bought to him
7. His head soon appeared out of one of the second storey windows,______ he could se
e nothing but tress.
A. from which
B. from where
C. where
D. from there
8. Every minute ______ full use of to study our lessons will do our students good.
A. which makes
B. that is made
C. that made
D. what is made
9. Will it be two months ______ we can get another one?
A. that
B. when
C. before
D. in which
10.After graduation we should go ______ our Party needs us most.
A. to the place which
B. in which
C. that
D. where
11.There is a popular belief among parents ______ schools are no longer interested
in handwriting.
A. who
B. whose
C. that
D. which
12.He lent me a lot of money,______ I couldn’t buy the TV set.
A. with it
B. for which
C. without which
D. by which
13.Water power stations are built ______ big water falls.
A. which are
B. which has
C. where there have
D. where there are
14.The direction ______ a force acts can be changed.
A. how
B. which
C. towards
D.×
15.Was it yesterday ______ you received the letter from her?
A. when
B. which
C. on which
D. that
16.In the end she decided to sell the house ______ windows were almost broken.
A. which
B. that
C. of which
D. whose
17.That ______ you lent me wasn’t _____ I wanted.
A. that; all
B. which; all
C. that; what
D. which; that
18.Each time ______ they met, they would talk long hours together.
A. during
B. which
C. where
D.×
19.This is the third week ______ for the rubbish.
A. that they didn’t come
B. they aren’t coming
C. they haven’t come
D. when they haven’t come
20.On the desk ______ a Chinese brush ______ he had made drawing.
A. lay; with which
B. lies; by which
C. laid; in which
D. lay; on which
21.We’ll never forget the days ______ we spent on the seashore.
A. during which
B. in which
C. when
D.×
22.The beautiful church ______ we see there is very famous.
A. the tower which
B. of whose tower
C. the tower of which
D. of which tower
23.The 11th Asian Games, _____China won 183 gold medals,was held in the autumn of 1990.
A. which
B. that
C. at which
D. at that
24.The only thing ______ is wrong with this is ______ a friend of mine said to me
the other day.
A. which; what
B. what; that
C. that; what
D. that; which
25.Who is he man ______ is talking with John?
A. which
B. who
C. what
D. that
26.The farmer uses wood to build a house ______ to store grains.
A. with which
B. to where
C. which
D. in which
27.I really do’t know ______ I had my pocket picked.
A. where was it that
B. it was where that
C. where it was that
D. was it where that
28.He insisted that he ______ right in doing that.
A. should be
B. was
C. would be
D. is
29.——Have you heard from Mary recently?
—— Yes, she said she was thinking ______ she should do next.
A. that
B. of what
C. what
D. how
30.Can you guess ______?
A. who that man is
B. who is that man
C. what is that man
D. whom that man is
31.Tom told his aunt that he ______ what he was doing during the time when he was in the country.
A. had just asked
B. had just been asked
C. was just asked
D. just asked
32.The reason ______ she gave for not being present was ______ the heavy snow
prevented her coming.
A. ×; because
B. why; because
C. ×; that
D. why; whether
33.Air is to us ______ water is to fish.
A. what
B. that
C. which
D. is that
34.The free ticket will be sent to ______ comes first.
A. whoever
B. whomever
C. whosever
D. no matter who
35.______ is still unknown when the president will make a public speech.
A. It
B. That
C. He
D. What
36.I don’t know ______ is ______ I was born.
A. that; when
B. that; what
C. that; where
D. what; where
37.It is generally considered unwise to give a child ______ he or she wants.
A. however
B. whatever
C. whichever
D. whenever
38.Father made a promise _____ I passed the examination he would buy me a bicycle.
A. that
B. if
C. whether
D. that if
39.As many members ______ were present agreed to the plan.
A. who
B. that
C. which
D. as
40.______ can be seen from his face, he is quite satisfied.
A. That
B. It
C. Which
D. As
名词从句、定语从句专练答案
1－5 C B B D C 6－10 C B B C D 11－15 C C D D D
16－20 D B D C A 21－25 D C C C D 26－30 D C B B A
31－35 B C A A A 36－40 C B D D D
非谓语动词专练
1.______ more attention, the trees could have grown better.
A. To give
B. Having given
C. Given
D. Giving
2.The first textbooks ______ for teaching English as a foreign language came out
in the 16th century.
A. to be written
B. written
C. being written
D. having written
3.The missing boys were last seen ______ near the river.
A. to play
B. play
C. to be playing
D. playing
4.______ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.
A. To lose
B. Lost
C. Having lost
D. Losing
5.When passing me he pretended ______ me.
A. to see
B. not having seen
C. to have not seen
D. not to have seen
6.The children insisted ______ there on foot.
A. they going
B. they would go
C. on their going
D. going
7.He still remembers ______ to Shanghai when he was very young.
A. taking
B. being taken
C. taken
D. having taken
8.______ the railway station, we had a break, only ______ the train had left.
A. Arriving at; to find
B. Coming to; discovering that
C. On arriving at; finding out
D. Hurrying to; to have found out
9.With the boy ______ the way,we had no trouble ___the way __ to Zhongshan Park.
A. leading; finding; leading
B. to lead; found; to lead
C. led; finding; led
D. leading; found; led
10.______ these pictures,I couldn’t help thinking of those days when I was in Being
and ____ from the top of a thirty-storeyed building, Beijing looks more beautiful.
A. Seeing; seen
B. Seen; seeing
C. Seeing; seeing
D. Seen; seen
11.I can hardly imagine Peter ______ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.(NMET)
A. to have sailed
B. to sail
C. sailing
D. sail
12.If you wave your book in front of your face, you can feel the air ______ against
your face.(MET)
A. moved
B. moving
C. moves
D. to move
13.______ is known to all, China will be an ______ and powerful country in 20 or
30 years time.
A. That; advancing
B. This; advanced
C. As; advanced
D. It; advancing
14.While shopping,people sometimes can’t help ______ into buying something they
don’t really need.
A. persuade
B. persuading
C. being persuaded
D. be persuaded
15.There was terrible noise ______ the sudden burst of light.(MET)
A. followed
B. following
C. to be followed
D. being followed
16.Please excuse my ______ in without ______ .
A. come; permitted
B. coming; permitted
C. coming; being permitted
D. to come; being permitted
17.______ his head high, the manager walked into the room to attend the
meeting ______ then.
A. Holding; being held
B. Held; holding
C. Having held; held
D. Held; to be held
18.——Did you hear her ______ this pop song this time the other day?
——Yes, and I heard this song ______ in English.
A. sing; singing
B. sung; sung
C. sung; singing
D. singing; sung
19.The question ______ now at the meeting is not the question ______ yesterday.
A. discussed; discussed
B. discussing; had discussed
C. being discussed; discussed
D. discussing; discussing
20.With the cooking ______ ,I went on ______ some sewing.
A. done; to do
B. being done; doing
C. to be done; doing
D. to have done; doing
21.It is no use ______ your past mistakes.
A. regretting
B. regret
C. to regret
D. regretted
22.Her husband died in 1980 and had nothing ______ to her, only ______ her five
children.
A. left; to leave
B. leaving; leaving
C. leaving; left
D. left; leaving
23.I am very busy. I have a very difficult problem ______ .
A. to work
B. to work out
C. to be worked out
D. to work it out
24.I would appreciate ______ back this afternoon.(NMET)
A. you to call
B. you call
C. your calling
D. you’re calling
25.Climbing mountains was ______ ,so we all felt ______ .
A. tiring; tired
B. tired; tiring
C. tiring; tiring
D. tired; tired
26.I saw some villagers ______ on the bench at the end of the room.
A. seating
B. seat
C. seated
D. seated themselves
27.She was glad to see her child well ______ care of.
A. take
B. to be taken
C. taken
D. taking
28.It is one of the important problems ______ tomorrow.
A. to solve
B. to be solved
C. solved
D. solving
29.______ maps properly, you need a special pen.
A. Drawn
B. Drawing
C. To draw
D. Be drawing
30.There is a river ______ around our school.
A. to run
B. run
C. running
D. to be running
31.How about the two of us ______ a walk down the garden?
A. to take
B. take
C. taking
D. to be taken
32.I was fortunate to pick up a wallet ______ on the ground on the way back home, but unfortunately for me, I found my colour TV set. ______ when I got home.
A. lying; stolen
B. laying; stealing
C. lay; stolen
D. lying; stealing
33.With the kind－hearted boy ______ me with my work, I’m sure I’ll be able to spare time ______ with your work.
A. to help; help you out
B. helping; helping you
C. helped; to help you out
D. to help; to help you
34.Greatly moved by her words, ______ .
A. tears came to his eyes
B. he could hardly hold back his tears
C. tears could hardly be held back
D. his eyes were filled with tears.
35.——I hope the children won’t touch the dog.
——I’ve warned them ______ .
A. not
B. not to
C. not touch
D. not do
36.I would love ______ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to
finish a report.(NMET)
A. to go
B. to have gone
C. going
D. having gone
37.When ______ why he walked in without permission, he just stared at us and
said nothing.
A. been asked
B. asked
C. asking
D. to be asked
38.The man kept silent in the room unless ______ .
A. spoken to
B. spoke to
C. spoken
D. to speak
39.He was often listened ______ in the next room.
A. sing
B. sung
C. to sing
D. to to sing
40.Rather than ______ on a crowded bus, he always prefers ______ a bicycle.
A. ride; ride
B. riding; ride
C. ride; to ride
D. to ride; riding
41.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ______ .
A. not to
B. not to do
C. not do it
D. do not to
42.What’s troubling them is ______ enough experienced workers.
A. that they have to
B. they have not
C. their not having
D. not their having
43.____his telephone number, she had some difficulty getting in touch with
Bill.
A. Not knowing
B. Knowing not
C. Not having known
D. Having not know
44.Bamboo is used ______ houses in some places .
A. to build
B. to building
C. to be built
D. being built
45.Go on ______ the other exercise after you have finished this one.(MET)
A. to do
B. doing
C. with
D. to be doing
46.The day we looked forward to ______ .
A. come
B. coming
C. has come
D. have come
47.Whom would you rather ______ the work?
A. to have to do
B. to have do
C. have to do
D. have do
48.Do you think it any good ______ with him again?
A. to talk
B. talking
C. to talking
D. having talked
49.Sometimes new ideas have to be tested many times before ______ .
A. accepting fully
B. being fully accepted
C. fully accepting
D. fully being accepted
50.The government forbids ______ such bad books.
A. published
B. to publish
C. publish
D. publishing
非谓语动词专练答案
1―5 C B D B D 6―10 C B A A A 11―15 C B C C B 16―20 C A D C A 21―25 A D B C A 26―30 C C B C C 31―35 C A D B B 36―40 B B A D C 41―45 A C A A A 46―50 C D B B D
倒装共分两类：全部倒装和部分倒装。全部倒装是指将全部谓语动词都放在主语之前。部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词,系动词或情态动词放在主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其放在主语之前。 A全部倒装：把全部谓语放在主语前。 1there be句型(特殊的全部倒装句型) There are bloody contents, violence and pornography in the Internet. 2 there \ here \ now \ then放在句首时，句子进行全部倒装。 Now is the time to take action. 3方位状语开头时，句子进行全部倒装。 In books are embalmed the greatest thoughts of all ages. 4主语与表语互换位置(当主语过长而表语过短时，可以把主语与表语互换位置从而构成全部倒装) Well-known is that energy crisis poses a threat to the society. 5伴随状语开头(With或Along with放在句首时，句子应该全部倒装) With globalization have come many problems. B部分倒装：只将情态动词、助动词或系动词放在主语前 1 only +单词、词组、状语从句位于句首，句子进行部分倒装。 Only through education can we rise in the world. 2以否定意义状语开头，句子进行部分倒装。 Never has this topic failed to fascinate people. 3 neither nor开头，句子进行部分倒装。 Economic success is not the only factor in achieving happiness, neither is social status. 4 so开头，句子进行部分倒装。 Success teaches us something about ourselves. So does failure.
2020年高考英语写作新题型备考技巧 专题（八）强调倒装虚拟句型+丰富文章细节的手段 特殊句型是英语书面表达中的高级句式，其中强调句和倒装句是较为常见的特殊句型。而虚拟语气也是高中较难掌握的句型之一。它们的准确使用能够彰显考生的英语水平，提高写作档次。 一．重点突出的强调句型 （一）强调句的基本句式结构为：It is/was + 被强调部分+ that/who + 句子其他成分。它可以强调除谓语动词外的其它任何成分，如主语、宾语、状语等。在续写和概写中灵活运用强调句不仅能突出重点、增强表达，更能彰显考生的英语运用能力。 It is just the so-called inconvenience that displays the richness, delicacy and great fascination of Chinese culture with a history of thousands of years. (2019年浙江高考书面表达) 在写作中运用强调句型可以采取以下步骤： 1.在一个写好的句子中找出需要强调的成分，如主语、宾语、状语等； 2.根据句子的时态确定is或was； 3.然后把要强调的成分套进句式里，It is/was + 被强调部分+ that/who + 句子其他成分。 例：We created a harmonious atmosphere with sincerity and faithfulness. 如果我们要强调状语，即with sincerity and faithfulness，在确定好时态was后，把需要强调的部分放在it was后，that后放除强调外的剩余成分便得到： It was with sincerity and faithfulness that we created a harmonious atmosphere. （二）强调句常用句式 1. It is/was + 被强调的部分+ that/who + 句子其它成分 It is on the playground this Friday afternoon that a volleyball game will be held. (2019全国一卷书面 表达) It was because of their help that a disaster was avoided. (2017年浙江高考书面表达) 2. Is/was it + 被强调的部分+ that/who + 句子其它成分 Was it in the park that the children saw the strange green objects? 3.特殊疑问词+ is/was it + 被强调的部分+ 句子其它成分 When was it that you made up your mind to work as a volunteer teacher? 4.It is/was not until that + 句子其它成分
倒装句 倒装句之全部倒装 全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有： 1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。 There goes the bell. Then came the chairman. Here is your letter. 2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。 Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. Ahead sat an old woman. 注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。 Here he comes. Away they went. 倒装句之部分倒装 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。 1) 句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until… 等。 Never have I seen such a performance. Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。 注意：如否定词不在句首不倒装。 I have never seen such a performance. The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.
虚拟语气的几个常见句型 河北安新中学田姝晨 虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。常见的用法有以下几种： 一. if 引导的虚拟语气 1. 表示与现在事实相反或假设的情况 If I were you，I would take his advice. 如果我是你，我就会接受他的建议。 If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth.如果没有空气和水，地球上就不会有生命。 2. 表示与过去事实相反或假设的情况 If I had got there earlier, I could have met her.如果我早一点到那的话就能见到她了。 If he had followed my advice, he would not have made such a big mistake. 如果他听了我的话，他就不会犯这么大的错误了。 3. 表示与将来事实相反或假设的情况 If it rained tomorrow, our picnic would be put off. If it should rain tomorrow our picnic would be put off. If it were to rain tomorrow our picnic would be put off. 如果明天下雨，我们的野餐将要被推迟了。 注意：在if引导的虚拟条件句中，如果谓语动词是had, were 或should 时，可以将if 省略并把had, were或should提前。如：
文言文中的倒装句式 请牢记以下汉语句子结构图: (定)主+(状)谓+（定）宾 (补) 这是讲述一切语法知识的根本！ 一、定语后置 我们知道，定语(形容词或形容词性短语)是用来限制或修饰中心词(名词或名词性短语)的，一般放在中心词的前面。这是古今汉语的共同规律。但在古汉语里，有时为了强调和突出定语，把它放到中心词的后面，这种语法现象就称为定语后置。 形式变为:主(定)+谓+宾或者：主+谓+宾(定) 定语后置一般有标志性的词语。所以，我们可以根据这些特点把它归结为四种常见的形式： 1．中心词+之+后置定语 例如：①(古)蚓无爪牙之利，筋骨之强。(《劝学》) (今)蚯蚓没有锋利的爪牙，强健的筋骨。 ②(古)居庙堂之高则忧其民，处江湖之远则忧其君。(《岳阳楼记》) (今)处在高高的庙堂上，就为他的人民忧虑，处在僻远的江湖间，就替他的君主担忧。 分析： ①②句中的中心词分别是“爪牙”、“筋骨”、“庙堂”、“江湖”，后置定语分别是“利”、“强”、“高”、“远”，四个“之”是定语后置句的标志，无实在意义。 2．中心词+之(而)+后置定语+者 例如： ③(古)马之千里者，一食或尽粟一石。(《马说》)
(今)能日行千里的马，吃一顿有时要吃一担粮食。 ④(古)此四者，天下之穷民而无告者。(《孟子"梁惠王下》) (今)这四种人，是天下无依无靠的走投无路的老百姓。 ⑤石之铿然有声者，所在皆是也。 分析： ③④句中的中心词分别是“马”、“穷民”，后置定语分别是“千里”、“无告”，标志性的词语分别是“之……者”、“而……者”，其中的“者”相当现代汉语中联系定语和中心词的结构助词“的”。 3．中心词+后置定语+者 例如： ⑥(古)村中少年好事者，驯养一虫。(《促织》) (今)村里好事的少年，养了一只蟋蟀。 ⑦太子及宾客知其事者，皆白衣冠送之。 分析： ⑥句中的中心词是“少年”，后置定语是“好事”，“者”是标志性词语。 4．中心词+数量词： 例如： ⑧(古)尝贻余核舟一。(《核舟记》) (今) (他)曾经送给我一只用桃核雕刻的小船。 ⑨为人五，为窗八，……为字三十有四 分析： ⑧句中的“一”作“核舟”的定语。 另外，辨识定语后置要注意两点：一是表示领属性的定语(如“永州之野产异蛇”)不能后置，只有一般用来表示人或事物的性质、状态、时间、处所、数量等修饰性定语才能后置。二是要注意把定语后置和某些表面上相类似的语言形式区别开来。例如： ⑨村中少年好事 (定语+主语+谓语+宾语) ⑩村中少年之好事者 (定语后置) ⑾村中少年之好事 (主语与谓语之间加了一个结构助词“之”，取消句子的独立性) 小结：
倒装句练习 1. So fast_______ that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed. A. light travel B. does light travel C. travels light D. has light travelled 2.That scientist isn’t too happy with the project, and______________. A. so are her supervisors B. either are her supervisors C. neither are her supervisors D. so her supervisors are 3.______ the door than somebody started knocking on it. A. I had closed no sooner B. I had no sooner closed C. No sooner have I closed D. No sooner I closed 4.Is this beautiful? Yes, it is. ________. A. Rarely before have I seen this B. Rarely I have seen this before
C. Rarely have I seen before this D. Rarely have I seen this before 5._____but he also proved himself a good athlete. A. He showed himself not only a good student B. Not only did he show himself a good student C. He showed not only himself a good student D. Not only he showed himself a good student 6.Nowhere else along the coast____ such shallow water so far from land. A. is there B. there is C. it is D. is 7._____did we try to persuade her to give up her plan. A. In failure B. With no result C. In vain D. With no end 8.______I couldn’t lift the box. A. As I might try
虚拟语气 一、if 引导的虚拟条件句（表示与事实相反的假设）： 现在：If+主语+过去式/were ，主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形 过去：If+主语+had+过去分词，主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词 过去式/were 将来：If+主语 + should + 动词原形， 主语+should/would/could/might +动词原形 were to + 动词原形 另外：有些词，如：or ／otherwise （否则）；without （没有）；but for （要不是……）等，表示一个隐含的条件，所用的虚拟语气与if 引导的虚拟条件句结构相同 注意：if 引导的虚拟条件句中，谓语部分含有were ／had ／should ，可将引导词if 省略，并将were ／had ／should 提到句首。 二、wish 之后接的宾语从句（表示不可能实现的愿望）： 过去式/were （现在） Wish +（that ） had + 过去分词 （过去） would/could/might +动词原形 （将来） 三、as if/as though 常与seem/look/appear 等动词连用，表示“看起来似乎……好象……”；以及if only 表示“要是……该多好啊”所用的虚拟语气结构与wish 结构相同； 四、虚拟语气在名词从句中的运用： 1、表示“命令”、“建议”、“要求”、“坚持”等词后所带的名词从句用虚拟语气，should 可以省略。 记忆口诀： insist 2、动词 order +（that ）+ 主语+ advise/suggest/recommend （宾语从句） require
1. 否定副词位于句首时的倒装 在正式文体中，never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere 等含有否定意义的副词若位于句首，则其后要用部分倒装： He seldom goes out for dinner. / Seldom does he go out for dinner. 2. “only+状语”位于句首时的倒装 当一个状语受副词only的修饰且置于句首时，其后用部分倒装语序： Only then did he realize that he was wrong. 3. “绝不”： 某些起副词作用的介词短语，由于含有否定词，若位于句首，其后要用部分倒装：by no means/on no occasion/ not in the least;/ in no circumstances; On no accounts must this switch be touched. 这个开关是绝不能触摸的。 In [Under] no circumstances will I lend money to him.
无论如何我也不会再借钱给他了。 4.固定搭配： (1) 对于not…until句型，当not until…位于句首时，其后的主句要用倒装语序： He didn’t leave the room until the rain stopped. / Not until the rain stopped did he leave the room. 雨停了之后他才离开这房间。 (2) “前倒后不倒型” ①由not only…but also引出的倒装 当not only…but also位于句首引出句子时，not only 后的句子通常用部分倒装: Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. ②表示“刚……就……的倒装结构 no sooner…than, hardly… when，scarcely… when Hardly had he started to leave when it began to rain.
语法 一、虚拟语气 Ⅰ.suggest；require； order； recommand； insist sb.suggest that …（should）do His suggestion is that… What do you think of his suggestion that 注：suggest,insist表明、暗示 He insisted that he hadn’t made a mistake. Ⅱ.wish 1)对现在的虚拟，用一般现在时 How I wish I were you ! 2)对过去虚拟，用过去完成时 How I wish I had followed your advice. 3)对将来虚拟 could+v.原形 How I wish /If only I could fly in the sky Ⅲ.It is (high)time that…should (should 不可省) It is necessary that… I would rather that… Ⅳ.隐含虚拟 But ;but for ;without ;otherwise without后一般+n. Eg:I could have come to school on time,(but I got up late).=I got up late otherwise. Ⅴ.虚拟条件句 If it didn’t rain tomorrow If it shouldn’t(只能用should) rain tomorrow. If it weren’t to rain tomorrow Were it not to rain tomorrow…/Should it not to… Were I you,… 从句都往过去推一个时态 Ⅵ.时间错纵 If she hadn’t stayed up all night studying,She would feel energetic now .
英语句子的自然顺序是主语在前,谓语在后（主语+谓语）。把谓语动词放在主语之前（谓语+主语）,就叫倒装结构。如果全部谓语放在主语之前, 叫全部倒装; 如果只把助动词或be 动词放在主语之前就叫部分倒装。 基本语序（natural order）： 主语+谓语+宾语（subject + predicate+ object） I love English. 完全倒装 (full inversion) 谓语+主语 Here came the headmaster. 部分倒装 (partial inversion) 助动词/情态动词+ 主语 + 动词 Nerve will I forgive you. 一、完全倒装 1. There be结构。另外,在此结构中可以用来代替be动词的动词有:exist, seem, happen, appear, live, rise, stand等。 There stood a dog before him. There exist different opinions on this question. 例题: ________ a beautiful palace ________ the foot of the hill. A. There stand; at B. There stands; under C. Stands there; under D. There stands; at 2 (1).在以here、there、now、then等副词开头的句子里。 句式：副词＋vi＋名词主语 “Here, There, Now, Then + come (或be,go,lie,run) + 主语" 结构。 Here comes the old lady! Then came the hour we had been looking forward to. Now comes your turn. 如果主语是人称代词,主语和谓语语序不变，不用倒装。 如:Here you are. There she comes. (2).表示方向的副词out, in, up, down等置于句首,要用全部倒装。如果主语是人称代词,就不用倒装。如: In came Mr. White. Up went the arrow into the air. Away went the boy. 题：There ________. And here ________. A. goes the phone; she comes B. is the phone going; is she C. does the phone go; does she come D. the phone goes; come she 3.当表示地点的介词词组(如on the wall, under the tree, in front of the house, in the middle of the room等)在句首时。 句式：介词短语＋vi＋主语（必须是名词） 如：At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake. East of the lake lie two towns. Under the tree was lying a wounded soldier.
句型一：倒装句型 完成句子： 1. __________________（任何别处你不可能看到）so many grand bridges as in Wuhan. ( nowhere) 2. Luckily, the accident didn’t cause any death,______________________ （也没有造成）any injuries. （nor） 3. Hardly ________________________（我刚启程出发）it began to rain. (set ) 4. Never ____________________（他们彼此吵架）, though they have been married for twenty years. (quarrel) 5. By no means ______________（我们应该脱离）from the people. (separate) 6. So ___________________________（他如此沉醉于）in the novel that he di dn’t notice my
coming. (absorb) 7. _________________(尽管是个孩子)，he knows a lot about the world.(as) 8.No sooner ___________________(她刚回到厨房)than she found it full of smoke.(get) 9. _______________________（尽管她很富有）, she is not happy. (as) 10. Little_______________(他关心)his safety, though he was in great danger himself.（care） 11. Not only ___ __ （城市被污染）but the street were crowded. (polluted) 12. Be quick! Here ____________________(公交车来了).(come) 13.Not only __________________(他在一所重点中学教书)but also he worked as a badminton coach at a training center. 14.On top of the mountain _____________________(有一座古老的庙宇), which attracts a lot of visitors. (stand) 15. Only by changing the way we live _________________(我们才能拯救地球). (save) 16. Had _________________(如果我多懂点急救知识), I would have helped him.（know） 17. Such _____________________that I couldn’t be absorbed in the work. (noise) 他们发出如此大的噪音以致于我不能专心致志的工作。 18..___________________________, I can't agree to his proposal. (as) 尽管我很尊敬他，但我不同意他的提议。 湖北高考真题： (12高考) 76.However ,I couldn’t read his handw riting.(try) 无论我怎么努力。还是没法看清他写的字 （12高考）74。Little what she looks like; all she cares about is her job performance .她不在乎外表，她在乎的是自己的工作表现。， （11高考）71.Not until two days after the earthquake (她发现)her mother alive.(find) （10高考）71.Only if people of all the countries are united ________（我们才能解决）the existing problems in the world.(solve) （08高考）32. Seldom ____________________(他们玩) video games ever since they entered college. (play) （07高考）39. Not only ___________________ (要帮助) the disabled to find jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for those who need it. (give)
语法系列复习专题十-----虚拟语气、倒装句型 虚拟语气 虚拟语气是通过特殊的谓语动词形式来表达的愿望、假设、怀疑、猜测或建议等语气，它不表示客观存在。 一、虚拟语气在单句中的用法 常用来表示祝愿、采用固定的倒装句式。例如： Long live the People s Republic of China!中华人民共和国万岁！ be happy! 快乐！ have a good time! 玩得愉快！ May you 祝你 succeed! 成功！ make progress! 进步！ 二、虚拟语气在复合句中的用法： 1．在非真实性条件句和主句中的用法 条件从句主句 一般过去时（be多用于were）would/should/could/might＋动词原形 如果我是你，我会接受邀请的。 If I had time,I would go there. 如果我有空，我就去那儿。 条件从句主句 过去完成时would/should/could/might＋have done 如果你早点来，你就不会错过那辆公共汽车了。 If he had seen you yesterday,he would have returned your book. 如果他昨天见到了你，他就会还你的书的。 条件从句主句 一般过去时（be多用were） would/should/could/might＋动词原形 should do,were to do put off.万一明天下雨，运动会就推迟。（事实上明天下雨的可能性不大。） If you dropped/should drop/were to drop the glass,it would break. 万一杯子掉下来会打碎的。 4）i f的省略 如果条件句中有were,had,should 等助动词，可将if省略，而把were,had或should 置于句首,来表达以if引导的条件句的相同意思。 例如：Should it rain/were it to rain tomorrow,the sports meet would be put off./Had he seen you yesterday,he would have returned your book. 5)条件句或主句的省略 当有上下文或上下句中的语言环境暗示的时候，表示虚拟语气的从句或主句往往可以省略，以避免重复。 例如：——Why didn t you attend the party yesterday? ——I would/should have,but I was too busy then. I was surprised that you didn t like this job.You could have done it better.（后面省略了if you had liked it.） 6)混合时间条件句和主句 条件句和主句的动作发生的时间有先后之差，应按各自动作时间搭配好相应的结构形式。 例如：If the teacher hadn t been ill yesterday,who could give us a lecture now?/If you had
倒装句型 1．完全倒装（谓语置于主语之前） (1) 表示地点的介词词组置于句首（谓语通常为表示位置的动词，如lie, stand, sit, live等） At the top of the hill stands the tiny temple. In the fields lay the dying soldiers. 注：主语是代词则不能倒装。 At the top of the hill it stood out against the sky. (2) 地点副词置于句首 here, there, back, down, up, off 等地点副词常与come, go等转移动词连用，主谓要倒装：Here comes a taxi! There goes the last train. Down came the rain and up went the umbrella. Here’s a cup of tea for you. 注：主语是代词则不能倒装。 Here you are. There she is. (3）表语置于句首 Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests. Gone are the days when they were carefree. Among the goods are flowers, candles and toys. (4) 用于so, neither, nor 开头的句子，表示重复前句部分内容 -- I can swim. – So can I. -- I don’t like eating meat. – Neither / Nor do I. 2. 部分倒装（把助动词，be动词或情态动词置于主语之前） (1）否定副词如never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, nowhere等置于句首 Seldom have there been so many people. Little does he realize how important this meeting is. Never can you accept his money. Nowhere could they find the lost child. (2) 含有no的词或词组置于句首(at no time, in no way, by no means) In no way can they leave freely. (3) so … that 句型中so置于句首 So sudden was the attack that we had no time to escape. So carelessly did he drive that he almost killed himself. (4) only构成的词组，如only after, only then, not only Only then did I realize how dangerous the situation had been. During the war, not only was his job taken away but also he lost his family. 注：only后为名词或代词则不倒装 Only Peter knows about it.
倒装句句型转变及翻译练习 （附答案） 1.You will see so many seats only at a stadium in Beijing.(Only…) ______________________________________ 2.He only then became aware (意识到) of the dangers of the jungle.(Only then...)______________________________________ 3.You will be able to write a good report only after you have acquired the information you need. ______________________________________ 4.I have seldom seen a situation (情况) which made me so angry. (Seldom…) ______________________________________ 5.He gave a lot of presents to his friends, but he has never given one to me.(Never…)______________________________________ 6.We little realized the dangers that were awaiting us.(Little…) ______________________________________ 7.She is not only good at languages, but also at history and geography. (Not only…)______________________________________ 8.They not only took care of me, but (they) also treated me as if I were their own daughter.______________________________________ 9.His price was so unreasonable that everybody was surprised. (So unreasonable…)______________________________________ 10.I was so scared that I could not even scream. (So scared...) ______________________________________
一、主句和从句 主句是句子的主干，是句子表达的主要意思，从句的意义从属于主句。 如：麻雀虽小，五脏俱全。这句话要说明的主要意思是麻雀五脏俱全，后一句是句子的主句，前面是从句。 二：关于虚拟语气 第一节：宾语从句(Subordinate Clasue)中的虚拟语气 一、在动词wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气 在动词wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气，常省去宾语从句的引导词that。 一）、对现在情况的虚拟（与现在的事实相反）： 从句用过去式或过去进行式(时间上是同时的)。其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语be和were(was)，实义动词用过去式。例： 1. I wish (that可省略,下同)I knew the answer to the question.(wish, 动词过去式knew)我希望知道这个答案。(事实上是不知道) 2. I wish it were spring in my hometown all the year around.(wish, were)但愿我的家乡四季如春。(事实上不可能) 3. I wish I were a bird.(wish, were)但愿我是只小鸟。(事实上不可能) 4. When she was at the party,she wished she were at home.(wished,过去虚拟动词were)(事实上并不在家) 5. Now that he is in China, he wishes he understood Chinese.(wishes,过去虚拟动词understood) 现在他在中国，他希望能懂得中文。(事实上并不懂) 6. When we begin the trip, they will wish they were with us.(will wish,过去虚拟动词were)(事实上并不和我们在一起) 二）、对过去情况的虚拟（和过去的事实相反）： 用wish表示对过去事情的遗憾。其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语用过去完成时，或would, could, might+现在完成时。例： 1. I wish (that可省略，下同)I hadn't wasted so much time. 我后悔不该浪费这么多时间。(事实上已浪费了) 2. He wishes he hadn't lost the chance. 他真希望没有失去机会。(其实已失去) 3. We wished he had spoken to us. (wished，had + spoken)(事实上他并没同我们讲) 4. I wish you had called earlier. (wish, had + called)(事实上已迟了) 5. They will wish they had listened to us sooner. (will wish,had + listened)(事实上并不如此) 例题分析：I wish I ______ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class. A. could have slept B. slept C. might have slept D. have slept 动词wish后面接从句，表达不可能实现或与事实相反的情况时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即用过去式（表示现在发生的动作）或过去完成式（表示过去发生的动作）。本题后半句谓语动词have用的是过去时had
倒装句句型转变及翻译练习（附答案） 1. Y ou will see so many seats only at a stadium in Beijing. (Only…) ___________________________________________________________________________ 2. He only then became aware (意识到) of the dangers of the jungle. (Only then...) ___________________________________________________________________________ 3. Y ou will be able to write a good report only after you have acquired the information you need. ___________________________________________________________________________ 4. I have seldom seen a situation (情况) which made me so angry. (Seldom…) ___________________________________________________________________________ 5. He gave a lot of presents to his friends, but he has never given one to me. (Never…) ___________________________________________________________________________ 6. We little realized the dangers that were awaiting us. (Little…) ___________________________________________________________________________ 7. She is not only good at languages, but also at history and geography. (Not only…) ___________________________________________________________________________ 8. They not only took care of me, but (they) also treated me as if I were their own daughter. ___________________________________________________________________________ 9. His price w as so unreasonable that everybody was surprised. (So unreasonable…) ___________________________________________________________________________ 10. I was so scared that I could not even scream. (So scared...) ___________________________________________________________________________ 11. We have so much work to do that we have no time to relax. (So much work…) ___________________________________________________________________________ 12. He didn’t go to bed until 12 o’clock last night. (Not until…) ___________________________________________________________________________ 13. He won’t go to bed until she returns home. (Not until…) ___________________________________________________________________________ 14. I had no sooner entered home than the bell ran g. (No sooner…) ___________________________________________________________________________ 15. I had hardly entered home when the bell rang. (Hardly…) ___________________________________________________________________________ 16. If you were to buy a new car, which of these would you choose? (Were...) ___________________________________________________________________________ 17. If my parents should need me, I will never let them down. (Should...) ___________________________________________________________________________ 18. If I had told him the truth, he would have been angry. (Had…) ___________________________________________________________________________ 19. Though she is pretty, she is not clever. (Pretty …) ___________________________________________________________________________ 20. Though his idea might sound strange, it was accepted by the people at the meeting. (Strange…) ___________________________________________________________________________