一、古生物篇
1.Animal minds: Parrot Alex 鹦鹉
1.firstly,Alex has grasped quite a lot of vocabulary(not given)
2.At the beginning of the study,Alex felt frightened in the presence of human.(Not given)
3.Previously,many scientists realized that animal possess the ability of thinking.(False)
4.It has taken a long time before people get to know cognition existing in animal.(True)
5.As Alex could approximately imitate the sounds of English words,he has capable of roughly answering Irene’ s questions regarding the world.( True)
6.By breaking in other parrots as well as producing the incorrect answers,he tried to focused.(False)
After the training of Irene, Parrot Alex can use his vocal tract to pronounce more than 100 English words, while other scientists believe that animal have no this advanced ability of thinking, they would rather teach chimpanzees. Pepperbere clarified that she wanted to conduct a study concerning avian cognition,but not to teach him to talk.The store’s assistant picked out a bird at random fro her sake of avoiding other scientists saying that the bird is particularly chosen afterwards.
11.what did Alex reply regarding the similarity of the subjects showed to him. Color
12.What is the problem of the young parrots except Alex? Wrong pronunciation.
13.To some extent, through the way he behaved what we can cal him ? Teenager.
2.Biomimetic Design 生物仿生设计
1.Andrew Parker failed to make effective water device which can be used in desert.(NOT GIVEN)
2.Skin of lizard easy to get wet when it contacts water.(False)
3.Scientists apply inspiration from nature into many artificial engineering.(True)
4.Tiny and thin hair under gecko’s feet allows it to stick to the surface of object.(True)
5.When gecko climbs downward,its feet release a certain kind of chemical to make the adhesiv e(NOT Given )
6.Famous cases stimulate a large number of successful products of biomimetics in real life.(false)
7.Velcro is well-known for its bionics design.(True)
8.Ronald Fearing made tiny components of robotic fly in computer by specialized techniques.
9.The robotic fly’s main structure outside is made of carbon-fiber and long and thin wires which make it unlike a fly at all.
10.Cutkosky applied an artificial material in stickybot’s limbs as a tendon to split pressure like lizard’s does.
11.Stickybot’s feet doesn’t have self-cleaning function which makes it only be able to walk on smooth surface.
12.DAPPa are planning to use stickybot for surveillance.
13.Cutkosky assume that stickybot finally has potential in lifesaving or other human-related activities.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/ce15034699.html,munication in color(用颜色交流)
1.which situation can be inferred from the passage that a chameleons will display the most
eye-catching color?
When a rival shows his contrast to the background.
2.which one is not mentioned as the case that a chameleons will change its color?
When a lurking chameleon want to hide it coloration in background avoid being attacked by
a bird.
3.what kind of climate do most chameleons live in?tropical
4.What was the new species named after? Magomherae forest.
5.Which part of the body is unique to the species kinyongia agomberae? Nose
6.Few creatures can change color as effectively as cuttlefish(true)
7.chameleons can imitate a pattern provided there are more than two colors.(True)
8.chameleons appear to enjoy trying out new colors(not given)
9.Size matters more than color when male chameleons compete.(false)
10.after a fight,the defeated male hides among branches of a tree.(not given)
11.the popular explanation of why chameleons change color has been proved wrong(true)
12.there are more predators of chameleons is grassland habitats than in others.(Not given)
13.measuring animla’s visual systems necessitates removing them from their habit.(false)
4.Copy your neighbor(向邻居学习)
6.All butterflies’ colors of wings reflect the sense of warning to other predators. False
7.Insects my imitate butterflies’wing pattern as well.(True)
8.Flying altitude of butterfly is determined by their foot (Not given)
9.Baccaloni agreed with flight height hypothesis and decided to reassure its validity(False)
10.Jatun sacha has the richest diversity of breeds in the world (Not given)
11.Beccaloni has more detailed records on the location of butterfly collection than others(ture)
12.Which is correct about butterflies flight altitude?Each butterfly has its own favorable height.
13.Which is correct about Beccaloni next investigation after flight height?
Try to find connections between larval height and adult ones.
5.Extinct:the Giant deer(巨鹿的灭绝)
Having been preserved well in Europe and central Asia,the remains of the Irish elk was initially found approximately 40,000years ago.Around 8000 years ago,they were driven to live in the plain after being restricted to the Ural Mountains.Hunting was considered as one of the important factors of Irish elk’s extinction,people have not started hunting untile 7000 years ago when Irish elk used to get through under a variety of climatic fluctuations.The huge antlers may possibly contribute to the reason why Irish elk extinct,which was highly controversial as the pleasantly over the span of wooded interglacials.Certainly ,it is well known that ,at the last maximum ice age ,mammals become extinct about 10,500 years ago.
33.what kink of physical characteristics eventually contributed to the extinction of Irish ilk? male’s huge antlers.
34.What kind of nutrient substance needed in maintaining the huge size of Irish elk? Minerals
35.What geographical evidence suggested the advent of human resulted in the extinction of Irish elk? Habitat destruction.
6.Fossil files”the paleobiology Database”(古化石数据库)
23.Choose two correct description about the Paleobiology Database in this passage. Intrigues both positive and negative opinions from various experts.
Aims to embrace all fossils information globally.
25.according to the passage,jellyfish belongs to which category of the paleobioology Database?
Untraceable species.
26.what is the author’s suggestion according to the end of the passage?
Try to create a database of living creature.
7.Giant Fall in Americas(消失的巨兽)
1.Mammoths are animals that
Faced extinction at least10000years ago.
2.Clovis people is a group of people who may be the main cause of extinction of mammoths.
3.Christopher Johnson suggeste d that researchers in the passage may not be contradictory to each other.
10.where did giant ground sloth live? The Americas
11.Which fossils could be regarded as evidence of vegetable consumed in a fire?charcoal
12.What kink of tools did the clovis develop to hunt vanishing mammoths?spear points
8.Health in the wild(动物健康)
1.It is for ten years that Dr Engel has working on animal self-medication. True
2.In order to find plants for medication,animals usually need to walk a long distance. Not given
3.Birds such as Macaw,are seen eating clay because it is a part o their natural diet(False)
4.According to Dr Engel,it is expecting that research into animal self-meditation can be helpful in the invention of new painkillers.false.
5.Chimpanzees food(pitch of veronia ) ----contained chemicals named terpenes which can kill parasites.
6.Macaw food(seeds ---contain alkaloids and clay)----clay can detoxify the poisonous contents in the food.
7.Chimpanzee (food Leaves with tiny hooks on surface)---such leaves can catch and expel worms from intestines.
Animal self-medication has been supported by an increasing amount of evidence.One of them is called geophagy,a soil-consuming behavior commonly found across animal species,Because earth ,especially clay,can neutralize the toxic content of their diet.Similar behavior can also be found among humans in Africa,where patients will bu y clay tablets as medical stalls to heal them.Another one is related to chimps who eat leaves with unpleasant taste probably,but with medical value due to their special structure.
9.Mammoth Kill(猛犸的灭绝)
The reason why big size mammals extincted 11,000 years ago is under hot debate. First explanation is that hunting of human made it happen.This is so called over kill model began from 1960s suggested by an expert,who however received criticism of lack of further information.Another assumption is that deadly disease from human causes their demises.Macphee,who supported this idea,suggested that he required empirical evidence to testify its validity.Graham proposed a third hypothesis that climatic instability in Pleistocene
epoch drove some species disappear,reduced geographical ranges posed a signal to these giants,and Younger Dryas event finally wiped them out.
10.Numeracy:can animals tell numbers?
1.monkeys performance of two groups is almost identical
2.Chicks chose between two sets of balls of shapes which are altered
3.Coots bird seems to have ability to calculate
4.Salamanders offered clear tubes containing different quantities of fruit flies
5.Mosquitofish these are used to check influence of total surface area and brightness
6.Bees had to learn where sugar water was stored
7.Primates are better at identifying the larger to two numbers if one is much bigger than other.True
8.Jurgen tautz trained the insects in his experiment to recognize the shapes of individual numbers?False
9.The research involving young chicks took place over two separate days.Not given
10.The experiment which chicks suggests that some numerical ability exists in newborn animals.True
11.Researchers have experimented by altering quantities of nectar or fruits available to certain wild animals. Not given
12.When assessing the number of eggs in their nest,coots take into account those of other birds. True.
11.Right whales
The scientists have studied right whale by setting up an archive(存档).one of their interests is a whale named Calvin who lost its mum when it was very young.Scientists were worried about the baby whale’s future until it appeared again i n July https://www.doczj.com/doc/ce15034699.html,ter,it was found to b e a girl whale ,being precious in the species.It was quite plump（丰满）,which was a main symbol of health.Unfortunately,in summer of 2000,it was discovered being twisted in fishing gear like polyblend ropes,and then disappeared.when it was seen months later,people tried to slice away part of ropes wrapping round it body,which were cleared during the next year.
12.Tasmanian tiger extinction if forever?
Tasmanian tiger is a big dog headed animal with a catlike striped coat and a pouch.For millions of years, tasmanian tigers used to live widely in the continent of Australia before the arrival of dingoes approximately 4000 years ago,they afterwards survived in Tasmania where there were no dingoes.the government gave order to get rid of thylacines as European settlers wrongly considered they posed threat to their https://www.doczj.com/doc/ce15034699.html,st,the thylacines cynocephalus had become extinct when last living specimen died in captivity(囚禁) in the year of 1936.
1.which of the animal has not been cloned as mentioned in the passage.
A mammoth called bucardo
2.what is the main idea of this article
To show how scientists try to conduct some researches on saving extinct animals.
13.Terminated Dinosaur Era
1.the rare element,iridium ,was presented both on earth and in meteorites.True
2.The meteor impact theory had been suspected before the discover of the impact site and supporting evidence.True
3.Footprints are of little value in providing information ,in comparison to fossil bones,because
individual species cannot be identified with footprints False.
4.According to scientists ,the transition to a dinosaur-dominated era took place very quickly by geological time scales.True
5.The creatures that disappeared in the extinction were dominantly the 15-foot-long rauisuchians and large crocodiles. False.
6.Tyrannosaurus rex was larger in body size than other carnivorous dinosaurs.Not given
https://www.doczj.com/doc/ce15034699.html,rge dinosaurs died out but small ones evolved and competed with birds and mammals. Not given.
14.The bite that heat
1.Michael was unluckily hit by electronic shocks and nearly lost his life during his vacation. False
2.The disease Micheal had suffered from for eight years was caused by an accident.Not given
3.Micheal is grateful for the bark scorpion bite because it helped him recover from the ankylosing spondylitis. True
4.No venom is just responsible for one job.True
5.There is no different between Venom and poison False.
6.Venom can kill while it can also be used as medicine to save.True
7.New treatments for cancer are now available in the market False.
8.So far 20 million venom toxins have been checked for medical use. False.
9.The majority of mammals carry venom inside their bodies.False.
10.The way how venom works is compared to that of medicines.
11.A venom source such as puffer fish has helped to present complex facts about how nerve cells convey information to each other.
12.Tens of thousands of animals have developed glands and apparatuses w hich are respectively responsible for storing and letting out venom.
13.The makeup of venom of a snake may change with places ,ages and diet.
14.Some animals uses venom to warn rival males of its exclusive power during the mating season.
15.The dinosaur Footprints and extinction
1.Dr Paul Olsen and his colleagues believe that asteroid knock may also lead to dinosaur’s boom. True.
2.Books and movie like Jurassic Park often exaggerate the size of the dinosaurs. Not given
3.Dinosaur footprints are more adequate than dinosaur skeletons. True
4.The prints were chosen by Dr Olsen to study because they are convenient to tracked down to a date of geological precise with thousand years True
5.Ichnotaxa showed that footprints of dinosaurs offer exact information of the trace left by individual species. False
6.We can find more Iridium in the earth’s surface than in meteorites False.
7.Dr Olsen and his colleges applied a phenomenon named ecological release to explain the large size of the Eubontes,which is a similar case to that nowadays reptiles invade a place where there are no c ompetitors For example ,on an island called Komodo, indigenous huge lizards grow so big that people even referring them as dragons.However ,there were no old impact trace being found?the answer may be that we have overlooked the evidence.Old craters are difficult spot or it probably vanished due to the effect of the earth moving.Even a crater formed in ocean had been swallowed up under the impact of crust moving.Besides,the third hypothesis is that the potential
evidence some caters may be misdated.
16.The last March of the emperor penguins
1.It is female emperor penguin that carried more incubation duty False
2.Evangelical christian lives a similar lifestyle as penguin. Not given
3.With the advanced satellite photographs,fluctuation of penguin number is easily observed. False
4.Strong winds caused by Ozone depletion ,blow away the sea ice. True
5.There are several reasons of why emperor penguins are vulnerable to sea ice transformation.First of all ,they are not agil e enough to walk on steep rocks that all over antarctic.they wouldn’t be able to breed ,Next,emperors need to mount at certain time of year,which protects them from been killed by freezing water.finally,emperor penguin’s food called krill is also connected to availability of sea ice.
17.The U-evolution of the Turtles
1.what are the two amazing features for turtles?
Some turtles can breathe oxygen from the body part in the rear end.
They had evolved back to the water,and they then re-revolved back onto the land.
2.What have to be the first migrated species of lives which ensure others evolving from the sea onto the land? The plants.
3.Which transfer can be a significant leap as evolving from the water to land is connected ?Breathing to reproduction.
4.Which is,being absent in whales or dolphins,the one of the proofs to show they may have evolved back from the land to sea.The grills.
5.What kink of animal showed that if the fossil looks like those ,it indicates the species is living in the sea even in ancient time.Dolphins.
Scientists can tell whether a species is living in the sea or land by examining the fossils.True
6.The fossils can not serve as definite proofs for determining where one ancient species lived in dinosaur period from another. Not given.
7.Modern land tortoises are ne group of turtles that stayed on land ever since and all through the ancient time false.
Walter joyce and Jacques gauthier,at Yale university,took three key measurements in the arm and land bones of a group of living turtles and tortoises.They used triangle graph paper on which to draw and mark the data collected.It was found that all the land tortoise and the water turtles species formed cluster of points in the different parts of the patterned graphs obtained;yet the clusters formed in those ambiguous species indicate there were kind of situation like between half-wet and half-dry .As a result,the fossils of both these ancient turtles’ limbs and with their clusters show us both these ancient creatures were living in dry land.
二、人物篇
1.Alfred Noble
1.the first Nobel Prize was awarded in 1895 False
2.Nobel’ s father wanted his son to have better education what he had had. Not given
3.Nobel was an unsuccessful businessman .False.
4.Bertha von Suttner was selected by Nobel himself for the first peace Prize. False.
5.The Noble Foundation was established after the death of Nobel. True
6.Nobel’s social involvement was uncommon in the 1800’s. True
Having accumulated a great fortune in his business,Nobel’ s father determined to give his son the best education and sent him to be trained in chemical engineering.During Nobel’s study in Pairs ,he worked in a private laboratory,where he came in contact with a youngengineer Ascanio Sobrero and his invention nitroglycerine, a more powerful explosive than gunpowder.
Nobel became really interested in this new explosive and experimented on it.But nitroglycereine was too dangerous and was banned for experiments within the city of Stockholm.So Nobel had to move his experiment to lake. To make nitroglycerine easily usable,Nobel invented dynamite along with detonator wihile in the meantime pneumatic drill became popular,all of which dramatically lowered the cost of construction works.
2.Amateur Naturalists
1.In waiter Coated’s record,there are plenty of information of beekeeping.
2.Robert Marsham is well-known for noting animals and plants’ life cycles
3.The number of waterfowl in north America decreases because of increased droughts according to some phenologists.
4.why do a lot of scientists questioned the amateurs data?
Amateur data is not reliable sometimes.
5.Example of leaves Mark Schwartz used to explain that valuable information is accurate one.
6.Whtat suggestion of scientists for the usage of amateur data?
Use modified and better approach.
7.what’s the implication of phenology for ordinary people.
It arouses public awareness about climate change.
3.being left-handed in a Right-handed world
1.the study of twins show that genetic determination is not the only factor for left-handedness True
2.Marc Dax’ s report was widely accepted in his time False
3.Juhn Wada based his findings on his research of poeple with language problems Not given
4.There tend to be more men with left handedness than women. Not given
4.bright children
1.America has a long history of selecting talented students into different categories. True
2.Teachers and schools in Britain held welcome attitude towards government’s selection of gifted students false.
3.Some parents agree to move near reputable schools in Britain. True
4.Middle-class parents participate their children ’s education Not given
5.Japan and Finland comply with selected students policy False
6.Avoiding-selection-policy only works in a specific environment. True
7.what’ Laszlo Polagar’s point of view towards geniuses of children.
Geniuses can be educated later on
8.what is the purpose of citing Zsofia’s example in the last paragraph.
Practice makes genius.
5.Brunel:the practical prophet
1.the great eastern was specially designed with a large size for carrying more fuels and was to take long voyage to Australia,However due to physical condition,Brunel couldn’t be able to go with maiden voyage.Actually the Great Eastern was unprofitable because the construction of Suez canal But soon after there was an ironic opportunity for the Great Eastern which was to carry and to lay huge telegraphic cable in Atlantic Ocean floor.
6.Intelligence and Giftedness
1.The purpose of the text is to demonstrate the limitation of test
2.Professor Binet devise the tes t to choose the best one.
3.The test is designed according to age.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/ce15034699.html, army used intelligence tests to select officers.
5.Part the intention in designing the test by professor binet has been misunderstood. True
6.The tests of Sir Cyril Burt are only intended to be used in Paris school.False
7.Einstein was a counter-example of IQ conclusion.Not given
8.IO test may probably lead to racial discrimination as a negative effect. True
9. The author regards measuring intelligence test as a goal hardly attained. Not given.
7.John Franklin:the discovery of the slowness
In his personal correspondence to and in his published memories by Sten Nadolny,John Franklin was depicted as a man dedicated to the exploration,and the word of “slowness ”was used to define his personality;when Franklin was in his childhood,his determination to the bully of the schoolboys was too slow for him to fall into step.And Franklin was said to be a boy dreaming finding in a place he could enjoy the timelessness in the https://www.doczj.com/doc/ce15034699.html,ter in the 20th,his biography of discovery of slowness has been adopted as a guidebook as for the movement such as sustainable development ,or management science,motoring policy.
1.Why does the author mention “the ice is a slow mover”in the geological article,to demonstrate the idea that explorer like Franklin should posses the quality of being patient
2.When Franklin was on board with sailors,how did he speak to his follow sailors?
He spoke in the words and phases he previously memorized.
3.His effort to overcome his slowness in marine time life had finally won the respect for him as he insisted to overcome his difficulties.
4.Why is the book The Discovery of Slowness sold more than a billion copies
It contains the aspects of the life people would like to enjoy.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/ce15034699.html,st hours of the iceman
1.According to the author,there must be another complete human corpse older than the iceman. False
2.The iceman might be the leader of the society,and he was very rich. Not given
3.Scientists guessed the iceman’s information perfectly,and finally got the real cause of the death. False
4.By testing the iceman’s body, we know where he came from.True
5.The iceman has been placed in a refrigerated high tech room since 198.
6.The iceman might get stomach distress ,for eggs of the whipworm parasite were found in his gut.
7.There are a variety of mosses and liverworts found around the iceman such as Neckera complanata.
8.The route of the iceman’s last movement might not be straight.
9.Man or machine
1.It took Honda 17years to make ASIMO,a human-looking robot that attracted broad interests form audience,Unlike ASIMO,which has to be controlled through a computer installed in the backpack,MIT’s scientists aimed to make robots that can imitate human behavior and interact with human.One of such particular inventions can express its own feeling through facial expressions.Another innovative project is a robot called Cog,which is expected to learn from its environment to gain some intelligence.
10.Mungo Man
1.The lake Mungo remains offer the archeologists the evidence of graphic illustration of human activity. True
2.In lake Mungo remains,weapons were found used by the Mungo. Not given
3.Mugo Man is one of the oldest known archeological evidence in the world of cultural sophistication such as a burying ritual. True
4.Mungo man and woman’s skeletons were uncovered in the same year. False
5.There is controversy among scientists about the origin of the oldest Homo sapiens. true
6.Out of Africa supports have criticized Australian professors for using outmoded research method. NOT given
11.Novice and expert
1.Novice :need study principles and rules under the guidance of a mentor
2.J ourneyman start to identify patterns of behavior for cases with or between study more complex ways of doing things create new knowledge.
3.expert:perform task independently
4.Novices and experts use the same system of knowledge to comprehend and classify objects. False
5.The focus of novices’ training is necessarily on long term memory Not given
6.When working out the problems,novices want to solve them straightaway.True
7.When handling problems,experts are always more efficient than novices in their fields False
8.Expert tend to review more than novices on cases when flaws or limit on understanding took place.True.
9.While expert outperform novices and machines in pattern recognition and problem solving.expert predictions of future behavior or events are seldom as accurate as simple actuarial tables.Why ,some have tried to explain that experts differ when using cognitive models to forecast.Researchers believe it is due to human biases,However attempting endeavor of finding answers did not yet produce consensus.
12.twin study:Two of a kind
1.The firs one that conducted research on twins is called Francis Galton,He separated twins into two categories:non identical and identical twins.The twin research was used in medicine application in as early as the year of 1924
2.three fields that had been carried out in Ohio,maryland and Twinsbrugh: sense,sound boldness of men
3.three results that had been verified in this passage:
Non-identical twins come from different eggs.
Genetic relation between identical twins is closer than non-identical one.
Genetic influence to smoking is superior to environment’s
13.We have star performers!
1.Mckinsey who wrote The war for Talent had not expected the huge influence made by his book NOT given
2.Economic condition become one of the factors which decide whether of not a country would prefer to hire foreign employees. True
3.The collapse of Enron is caused totally by a unfortunate incident instead of company’s management mistake. False
4.Football clubs that focus making stars in the setting are better than simply collecting stars True An investigation carried out on1000 star-stock analysts participants of a survey by Harvard Business Review found a company hire a star performer has negative effects.For instance ,they behave considerably worse in a new team than in the working environment that they used to be.They move faster than wall street and increase their salary .secondly,they faced rejections or refuse form those rivals with the https://www.doczj.com/doc/ce15034699.html,stly, the one who made mistakes had been punished by selling his stock share.
14.Willliam Gilbert and Magnetism
1.He is less famous then he should be True
2.He was famous as a doctor before he was employed by the Queen Tru e
3.He lost faith in the medical theories of his time.Not given
There are three discoveries of Gilbert
Metals can be magnetized.
Stars are at different distances from the earth
The earth wobbles on its axis.
三、历史篇
https://www.doczj.com/doc/ce15034699.html,puters provide more Questions Than answers
An ancient huge sunk cargo vessel was found accidentally by sponges searcher.The ship loaded with luxury items such as bronze and sculptures.However,an archaeologist found a junk similar to a gearwheel which has Greek script on it.this inspiring and elaborated device was found to be the first analog computer in the world.
2.Timekeeper :Invention of Marine Chronometer
1.It is with no great effort by sailors to calculate the position when in the center of the ocean.true
2.To determine the longitude,a measurement of distance from moon to a given star is must .False
3.In theory,by calculating the longitude degrees covered by a sail journey,the distance between the start and the end points can be obtained. Not given
Hundred years ago,sailors tried to identify their time by checking the sun or stars,but the trouble was that they did need a reliable clock which showed time of home.And the timekeeper required would be to precisely tell a tangible time lapse confined to 2.8 seconds.An extraordinary craftsman,Harrison,once created a novel clock which did not rely on oil to work https://www.doczj.com/doc/ce15034699.html,ter on,competitive mod of sextant was another prominent device designed by Hadley, which calculated angle between sun and the earth,base on Harrision’s effort ,Earns haw eventually implement key component for marine chronometers which had used ever since.
3.Mystery in Easter island!
1.The first inhabitants of Easter Island are Polynesian,from the Marquesas or society island.Not given.
2.Construction of some moai statues on the island was not finished.True
3.The Moai can be found not only on Easter Island but also elsewhere in Polynesia.False
4.Most archaeologists recognized the religious and astronomical functions for an ancient society.False.
5.The structure on Easter Island work as an astronomical outpost fore extraterrestrial visitors Not given
6.The theory that depleted natural resources leading to the fail of Easter Island actual has a distorted perspective.True
Many theories speculated that Easter Island’s fall around the era of the initial European contact.some say the resources are depleted by a growing population;the erroneous theories began with a root of the racist assumption advanced by some scholars.Early writers did not have adequate archaeological and historical understanding to comprehend the true nature of events on the island.The social devastation was in face a direct result of inhuman behavior of the first European settlers.
4.revolutions in mapping
1.according to the first paragraph,mapmakers in the 21 century;
Combine technologies to chart unknown territory.
2.the library of congress offers an opportunity to create individual computer maps to order
3.ptolemy alerted his contemporaries to the importance of organizing maps to reflect accurate ratios of distance
4.The invention of the printing press changed the approach to map making.
5.The writer concludes by stating that: the fundamental aims of map-making remain unchanged.
Ancient maps allow us to see how we have come to make sense of the world.They also reflect the attitudes and knowledge of the day.the first great step in mapmaking took place in Egypt in the 3rd century BC.work continued in this tradition until the 2nd century AD but was then abandoned for over a thousand years,during which time maps were responsibility of monks rather than scientists.Fortunately,however,the writings of Ptolemy had been kept,and interest in scientific mapmaking was received as scholars sought to produce maps,inspired by the accounts of travelers,these days satellites are vital to the creation of maps and radar has allowed cartographers to map areas beyond our immediate world.In addition,this high-tech equipment is not only used to map far away places ,but cheaper versions have also been developed for use in cars.
5.serendipity:the accidental Scientists
The word Serendipity was coined in the writing of Horace Walpole to Horace Mann.He derived it from a fairy tale, the character of which were always making fortunate discoveries by accident.the stem serendip was a former name for Sri Lanka.
1.what does”inductive” mean in paragraph A
Observation without anticipation at the beginning
2.Scientific discovery should be between the two extremes
3.The writer mentions Luigi Gavuanti’s observation to illustrate the happy accident in scientific discovery
4.Why does the writer mention the example in YOsemite Valley in paragraph G?
To illustrate the conflict between reality and expectation
6.Sir Francis Ronald and Telegraph
1.what were carved in the experimental dials when doing Ronald’s experiment in his garden. Letters and numbers
2.what were enclosed with the buried telegram wires when Ronald did the improved experiment? Glass tubes
3.what is the greatest distance Ronald believed his telegram can send ?800km
4.What kind of power supplied to keeping the wire charged continuously
Frictional-electrics machine.
7.Success of Bluetooth wireless technology
1.what is the reasons that make bluetooth successful?
Legislation forbids hand use of mobile when driving.
Bluetooth installation cost little while profit enlarged
Variety of application guarantees its expansion.
Attractive headline usually technological product as “win-take-all”competition.Unfortunately,several competitors would be coexisting rather than happened like this.Nevertheless,negative predictions still exist about some technology’s disappearance.For example,they insist that Wi-fi and Wimax pose destructive threat to mobile networks of 3G,or popular smart phones would be the terminator to ipod or blackberry.however,lessons from bluetooth indicate that they are “horse for course”
8.tea and the industrial revolution
1.The industrialization did not happen in china because of inefficient transport Not given
2.Tea and beer protect people from waterborne disease. True
3.Roy Porter disagree with the proposed theory. False
4.The reason of lower child deaths is fully explained by food .False
5.The british made beer by themselves. Not given
6.Tax on malt indirectly affected the number of population. True
11.the origin of ancient writing
1.The research at the symposium regarded the story of the king of Uruk s ridiculous because Writing probably developed independently of speech
2.According to the writer ,the story of the origins of writing
Shows some awareness among Sumerrians of the purpose of writing
3.There was disagreement among the researchers at the symposium about t he meaning of certain abstract images.
4.The opponents of the theory that writing developed from tokens believe that it evolved from pictures.
5.Most archaeological evidence show that the people of Mesonpotamia invented writing around 3300,BC,their script was written on clay tablets Uruk and was called cuneiform .their script originally showed images related to political power and business,and later developed to become more abstract.
12.The Tunguska Mystery
1.Which of the following statements are correct according to this passage
Craters of explosion has not been found yet
Friction of atmosphere lead to meteorite explosion
13.Western immigration of Canada
With the saturation of Eastern Canada,Western rural area would supply homesteads for the descendants of easterners. Politicians also declared that western area got potential to increase agricultural output of Canada according to wheat crop that consumed in the East.
federal government bought a land from private company, and legally offered certain area to people who stayed for a qualified period of time. Then,a mounted Police force was found to secure the land .however,the best way to protect citizens was to build a transcontinental railway to transport the migrants and goods between the west and the east.
四、教育篇
1.activities for children
1.According to American Heart Foundation,cholesterol levels of boys are higher than girls.Not given
2.British children generally do less exercise than some other European countries.True
3.Skipping becomes more and more popular in schools of UK Not given
4.According to Healthy kids,parents should encourage their children to do more activities. False.
5.According to paragraph A,what does Neil Armstrong concern about?
Future health of British children/
6.what does Armstrong indicate in Paragraph B?
We should to more activity of exercise heart.
7.What is aim of First kid’s training?
To guide parents how to organize activities for children.
8.what did Lifshitz suggest in the end of the passage?
Create opportunities to exercise your body.
9.what is main idea of the passage?
Children in UK need proper exercises.
2.Children’s literature
1.children did not start to read books until 1700 False.
2.Sarah Trimmer believed that children’s books should set good examples. True
3.Parents were concerned about the violence in children’s books.not given
4.An interest in the folklore changed the direction of the development of children’s books. True
5.Today children’s book writers believe their works should appeal to both children and adults. True
3.consecutive and simultaneous translation
1.In which way does author state translation a the beginning of the passage?
Geneal and specific meaning
2.Application of headphone in a UN conference tells us that:
Language practice is in the process
3.In the passage ,what is author’s purpose of citing Tower of Babel?
Consecutive interpreting has a long history
4.About simultaneous interpreting ,which of the following is true?
It relies on professional equipment.
5.In consecutive translation,if the section is longer than expected ,what would an interpreter most probably do ?
He or she has to remember some parts ahead.
The cycle from year to voice normally last about 2-3 seconds ,which depends on sophisticated of paper,for example,it could go up to10 seconds sometimes.when expert took close research on affecting elements,they found appropriate speaking speed is somehow among 100-200w.p.m .However,the maximum of speed was about 200w.p.m. In a specific experiment,ear-voice span speed increased between 95-164w.p.m,the accuracy of interpretation dropped.
6.which four of the following are the factors that affect interpreting?
Speed of incoming sound source/noisy of background/culture of different
background/equipment of scene
4.Development of public management theory
1.what are the features and advantages for Bureaucratic management?
Employers’ promotion can be much fairer which is based on job duties not on characters These employers can dedicate themselves to the public for stabiltity of a long term job.
2.what are limitations for the ideas of Bureaucratic management?
Commitment of the employee is not taken into consideration enough
It is not applicable to dynamic organizations where change is very fast
3.what are the aims of management as Douglas mcgregor’s work of the theory Y
Employees has natural tendency for rest or play
Manager may guide employees in a cooperative manner towards objectives.
4.what are the limitations for the theory Z
Not all employee set higher interest in the job than that of wages
Personalization remains un-eliminated in organizations
https://www.doczj.com/doc/ce15034699.html,cation philosophy
1.18century
Need for children to work
19century
Rise of middle class/emergence of a kindergarten
20century
The kindergarten in the spread around us
6.how to achieve happiness
1.which source of happiness is not mentioned in this passage?
Dinner
2.which is the most popular factor regarding to happiness mentioned in this passage?
Health
3.which is not mentioned in this passage affect the happiness
Electricity
4.A research in the 21 century indicate that
Modern life makes people not happy
5.which suggestion is not mentioned in last paragraph for achieving happiness
Consult a physician
6.a study of reared-apart twins identified that environment is not sole factor affect happiness
7.the left prefrontal of human can cause more happiness when it is active
8.people living in modern city may need close circle of friends for achieving happiness.
7.implication of false belief experiments
In 1980s a theory called Theory of mind designed to research if children have the ability to represent the reality. First experiment carried out on the subject of a boy. And questions had been made on where the boy can find the location of chocolate But it was accused that it had excessive information So second modified experiment was conducted involving tow dolls, and most children passed the test at the age of 4, then Lewis and Dunn researched older children in a certain place,and found children who play with adults have better performance in the test,and peer
interaction is challenging because of consisting pretending elements.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/ce15034699.html,nguage strategy in multinational company
1.MNC’s often encounter language barrier in their daily strategy, then they seek several approaches to solve such problems. First ,native language gives them a realistic base in a different language speaking country, but problem turned up when they deal with oversea clients, for example, operation on translation of some key documents, it is inevitable to generate differences by rules from different countries. Another way is to rely on a combination of spoken language and body language, yet a report written that over one–tenth business transaction processed in a party language setting. Third way: hire translators ,However, firstly, it is costly, besides if they are not well-prepared they have to take assumption work.
1.what understandable reaction does Training pay attention to according to the author
Personal development
2.In what term does the writer describe training during economy depression?
Luxury
3.what contribution does V olkwagen group do for multinational companies?
Model
4.what does Volkswagen Group consider language training as in their company
Strategic solution
5.how many states are needed from basic course to advanced in training
6 stages
6.how long does a refresher course need normally
90 hours
7.At least how long is needed for a specific professional to acquire a foreign language?
3 years
8. What is the main function of this passage?
To evaluate various approaches for language barrier in multinational companies.
9 learning by examples
1.the field trip to Israel was to investigate how black rats learn to strip pine cones?false
2.the pine cones were stripped form bottom to top by black rats True
3.it can be learned from other relevant experiences to use a photocopier.true
4.Stripping the pine cones is an instinct of the black rats. False
While the nutcracker is more able to cache seed, the jay relies less on caching food and is thus less specialized in this ability,but more social. To study their behavior of caching and finding their caches, an experiments was designed and carried out to test these two birds for their ability to remember where they hide the seed. In the experiment, the cacher bird hid seeds in the ground while the other watched. As a result, the Nutcracker and the Mexican Jay showed different performance in the role of observer at finding the seeds----the observing Nutcracker didn’t do as well as its counterpart.
10.music:language we all speak
1.Why was the study of animals music uncertain?
Tunes are impossible for animal to make up
2.what is the main subject of this passage
Role of music in human society.
11.quantitative research in education
Quantitative research in education has sparked debate that whether it is valid in scientific area.
Piaget’s experiment involved children’s steps on development, which used equal amount of liquid in a couple of containers, to test if student would be able to judge their size. Another quantitative research was carried out by Mehan, he showed children a picture, and requested children to make answers, but ultimately most of them failed. IN 1960S, another method emerged along with quantitative research ,schools in the UK was taken as experiment sites in application of the combined approach.
1.choose three correct statements of “quantitative research ”features below
record researching situation and apply note taking
design the interview to be in an atmosphere like easy conversation
questionnaires full of requiring open-ended answers.
2.what is the main idea of this passage?
To explain that quantitative research ideas, characteristics from related criticisms
12.save endangered language
1. What is purpose of master-apprentice program sponsored by the ford foundation?
Preserve endangered language.
2.what should majority language speaker should do according to the last paragraph?
They should be more tolerant to minority language speaker
13.The adolescents
1.early adolescence
The same as others
Beginning to form individual thinking without family context
2.middle adolescence
Interested in the opposite sex
Exposure to danger
Intellectual booming
https://www.doczj.com/doc/ce15034699.html,ter adolescence
Less need approval of friends
4.the adolescent lacks the ability of thinking abstractly False
5.Adolescents may have deficit in their language ability. True
6.the adolescent experiences a transition from reliance on his parents to independence. True
14. the psychology in happiness
1. which two of the following beliefs are identified as mistaken in the text
An optimistic outlook ensures success
Unhappiness can and should be avoided
2.in order to have a complete understanding of how people’s minds work, Marin suggested that research should examine our most positive moods as closely as it does our psychological problems
3.soon after arriving at a milestone in their lives, people become accustomed to what they have achieved and have a sense that they are lacking something.
4.people who are pessimistic by nature are more likely to succeed if they make thorough preparation for a presentation.
15. The secrets of persuasion
1.Robert experienced “principles of influence ” himself in realistic life True
2.Principles of persuasion has different types in different countries NOT GIVEN
3.In New Zealand ,people tend to give tips to attendants after being served a chocolate. False
4. Elder generation of New Zealand is easily attracted by extra service of restaurants by principles of reciprocity. Not given
5.which of the following is not true about Robert?
He is a representative of saponaceous sales.
6.which of the following is correct according to towel experiment in the passage.
Customers behave more ecologically after renewed the message.
7.which of the following is correct according to the candy shop experiment in the passage Resenting way affects diner’s tips.
16.vanishing voices
1.Andrei and his wife can speak English because they have learned it at school. False
2.Khoj means nothing other than killing .false
3.A tuvan would be judged to have a bad character if he killed an animla with a gun of knife True
4. Nowadays languages in the world are spoken disproportionately.True
5.some aspects of culture are doomed to loss if one vulnerable language is translated into a dominant language. NOT GIVEN
五、植物篇
1. a wander plant—Bamboo
1.what problem does the bamboos root system prevent? Soil erosion
2.which bamboo product is experiencing market expansion. Paper
2.Ambergris
1.the formation of ambergris experiences several stages. First, when sperm whale eats the hard and sharp beaks of squid, its intestine will produce ambergris to facilitate the passage, then, ambergris can be vomited up by sperm whale and float on the water. After months of exposure on air , it hardens and the color turns dark grey or black.
2. In the 20th century, most ambergris was made in the process of killing sperm whale. True
3. Ambergris’s cost increased recently. Not given
4. Ambergris still remains in the perfume making. Not given
5. Ambergris is still most important amber odorant in perfume manufacture. False
3.Biodiversity
1.the term “biodiversity ”consists of living creatures and environment that they live in True
2.There are spicies that have not been researched because It’s unnecessary to study all creatures false
3.it is not necessary to investigate all creatures in a certain place. True
4.the press are often than no focus on animals well-known. true
5. There is a successful case that catus moth plays a positive role in the US. False
6. Usage of hardwoods is forbidden in some European countries. Not given
7. Agriculture experts advise farmers to plant single crops in the field in terms of sustainable farming. Not given
Because of the ignorance brought by media, people tend to neglect significant creatures called keystone. Every creature has diet connections with others, such as fig which provide a majority of foods for other species. In some states of America, decline in number of sea otters leads to the boom of urchins. An impressing case is that imported cactus moth successfully tackles the plant cacti in Australia. However, the operation is needed for the government to increase their financial support in public education.
4.biology of bitterness
The reason why grapefruit tastes bitter is because a substance called Naringin contained in it. However, bitter plays a significant role for plants. It gives a signal that certain plant is poisonous. For human beings, different person carries various genetic ability of tasting bitterness. according to a scientist at the University of Utah, supertasters have exceptional plenty of taste buds, which allows them to perceive bitter compounds.
1. What is the main feature of AMP according to this passage?
Offset bitter flavor in food
2. What is the main function of G protein?
transmitting bitter signals
5.Going Bananas
1.Banana was first eaten as fruit by humans almost ten thousand years ago
2.Banana was first planted in South-East Asia
3. Wild banana’s taste is adversely affected by hard seeds.
4.Banana is the oldest known Fruit. Not given
5.Gros Michel is till being used as a commercial product. False
6.Banana is a main food in some countries. True
6.Longaeva:ancient Bristecone Pine
1.according to passage A, what aspect of bristlecone pines attracts author’s attention? Remarkable long age
2.why do we investigate bristlecone pine in higher altitudes of California’s White Mountains? Because oldest ones researched in this region
3. why there are repeated patterns of wide and narrow rings?
Because variation of climate change is different.
The bristlecone’s special adaptation is benefit for photosynthesizing, and reserving the energy of leave replacement and providing sufficient chlorophyll. Probably because seed do not rely on primary stratification, Germination rate is high,Because of cambium dieback, only narrow bark complete. Due to multiple factors such as windy ,cold climate and dry air,bristlecone’s rings have tight and solid structure full of resin. Moreover, bristlecone stands are safe from fire because of little ground cover plants spread in this place. The summits of Owens Valley is higher than they emerge if you observe from a distance.
7.Mangroves forests of the tide
Mangroves are outstanding adapters who are able to live life in hard environment. There are two systems ---ultrafiltration system and complex root system enabling them to survive at the intersection of land and sea. Meanwhile ,Mangroves have strategic importance. river-borne sediments can be held by the roots and the erosive power of waves can be reduced by their trunks and branches.
1.Mangroves are various and similar. False
2.We can find mangroves in Singapore .Not given
3.Mangroves had played an important role in the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami and saved lives. Not given
4. Bangladesh is mentioned to have spent a huge sum of money on the mangroves. True
5. In order to avoid loss, shrimp farmers will cut down the amount of ponds regularly .False
6.shrimp farming will greatly influence the function of mangroves that holding the carbon. True
7.which two of the following are not mentioned to have put mangrove survival in danger? Increasing greenhouse gas/shrimp export
8.Origin of species& continent Formation
Wegener found that continental drift instead of “land bridge” theory could explain strange species’distribution phenomenon .In his theory, vegetation and wildlife migrated intercontinentally. However, Eduard Suess compared the winkle of curst to withering skin of an old apple. Now it is well known that we are living on a constant mobile tectonic plates instead of what Suess described. Hot pot in biogeography are switched to concern between two terms: dispersalism and vicarisanism.
9.research on the tree crown
1.Sciencists keep trying new methods to access to the canopy of the treetop. Though early attempt succeed in building an observation platform yet the help of the locals was imperative: Further innovations made by the French who built a platform with quipments by using balloons. Later the
专题三说明文 说明文（一） （时间：60分钟满分：85分） 一、（2017某高新一中入学）阅读下面的文字，完成1~3题。（9分） 探秘“太空动物园” ①动物进入太空并不稀奇，早在1957年，苏联的一条小狗就先于人类进入太空，之后更有各种动物源源不断地进入太空环境，它们在“太空动物园”生活得怎样呢？ ②“太空动物园”里有过6对老鼠，分成两组，分别在模拟地面重力和2倍于地面重力的环境中生活。结果发现：在模拟地面重力环境下的老鼠健康如常，而且有两对在太空中成功繁殖后代，生下的小老鼠在回到地面后仍能健康地活着。而生活在大于地面重力环境里的老鼠都显得躁动不安，在7天以后肌肉开始萎缩，呈现很严重的病态，并且都没有生育。可见，重力影响动物正常繁殖。 ③在2倍于地面重力的区域里还生活着一群小鸡。当它们在那里生活了18周后，回到地面时体重普遍下降，膝盖骨明显变形，肌肉也出现拉伤。而“太空动物园”中的猫、狗、猴的抵抗力都比较好，猴子可以安全返回且不得什么“太空病”，狗也基本能健康而归。相比之下，猫的身体状况稍稍不如前两者。因此科学家认为：越高等的动物在太空的适应性越强。 ④在太空失重状态试验中，鱼的耐失重能力要比青蛙好。而把青蛙和猴子相比时，青蛙又好于猴子。科研人员认为，可能是水生动物的细胞组织结构较疏松，对重力变化的敏感度较小。这说明水生动物更适应失重环境。 ⑤在太空里生活，还可以改变动物的遗传性能。比如，在太空孵化出的鳃足虫，到第三代时大都寿命不长。但在太空中生活的草履虫，其繁殖率却提高了4倍。这是太空辐射使遗传物质中的染色体发生了变异的缘故。由于宇宙环境可以改变遗传能力，一些国家现在已开始建立太空遗传学这门新科学。 ⑥了解了动物们在太空中的这些特性，在地球上的动物园里被尊为贵客的大型动物——狮、虎、豹等也将成为“太空动物园”的常客。 1．科学家从“太空动物园”的实验中得出了哪些结论？（4分） 【答案】①重力影响动物正常繁殖。②越高等的动物在太空的适应性越强。③水生动物更适应失重环境。④在太空里生活，还可以改变动物的遗传性能。 【解析】本题考查对文章信息的提取能力。根据阅读文章可以判断本文为总分总结构，第②~⑤段分别叙述了动物在太空中生活得出的不同结论。第②段得出的结论：重力影响动
《朝花夕拾》阅读检测题及答案 一、单选题： 1、下列人物不是《朝花夕拾》作者的是（D） A、周树人 B、鲁迅 C、周豫才 D、周作人 2、《朝花夕拾》是一本（ A ）A、散文集B、论文集C、文学评论集D、杂文集 3、鲁迅先生的籍贯是（C） A、浙江杭州 B、浙江温州 C、浙江绍兴D浙江嘉兴 4、《从百草园到三味书屋》中的“百草园”在（A） A、“我家的”后面 B、“我家的”前面 C、“我家的”左面 D、“我家的”右面 5、《从百草园到三味书屋》中的“三味书屋”是作者何时求学的地方（A） A、少年 B、青年 C、壮年D老年 6、《从百草园到三味书屋》中的“三味书屋”是（D） A、学堂名 B、书房名 C、书院名 D、私塾名 7、寿镜吾先生是鲁迅在何处求学时的老师（A） A、本城书塾 B、南京水师学堂 C、东京“清国留学生速成班” D、仙台医专 8、藤野先生是鲁迅在何处求学时的老师（D） A、本城书塾 B、南京水师学堂 C、东京“清国留学生速成班” D、仙台医专 9、藤野先生的全称是（D） A、藤野B藤野严C藤野严久D藤野严久郎 10、《藤野先生》回忆作者早年学医时的生活经历，地点不是在（ C ） A、日本 B、仙台 C、北京 D、仙台医专 11、《朝花夕拾》结集出版前，曾在何处连载（A） A、《莽原》 B、《申报》 C、《奔流》D《晨报副刊》 12、《朝花夕拾》在报上连载时的栏目叫（A） A、《朝花夕拾》 B、《花边文学》 C、《旧事重提》 D、《伪自由谈》 13、除“小引”和“后记”外，《朝花夕拾》正文共有多少篇（B） A、12 B、10 C、14 D、8 14、《朝花夕拾》正文前的“小引”讲的是《朝花夕拾》的（B） A、写作过程 B、编纂过程 C、修改过程 D、构思过程 15、《朝花夕拾》正文后的“后记”讲的是（D） A、本书的写作过程 B、本书的编纂过程 C、本书的修改过程 D、与《二十四孝图》相关的内容 16、《狗?猫?鼠》是一篇（B） A叙事散文B议论散文C抒情散文D杂文 17、《狗?猫?鼠》写到了作者何种生活经历（C） A、养狗 B、养猫 C、养隐鼠 D、都不是 18、《狗?猫?鼠》开头提到的“名人”“教授”“大脚色”“负有指导青年责任的前辈”是（A） A、一种人 B、两种人C三种人D四种人
语文课外阅读试题 1、愿母亲的微笑永驻 我爱哭。委屈时哭，高兴时哭；取得一点点成绩时快乐地哭，偶遇挫折时伤心地哭。妈妈常无可奈何地说：“你这孩子简直就是用泪水喂大的。真没办法。” 是呀，没办法。我真是佩服妈妈，因为妈妈从来不哭。 妈妈的胳膊骨折了，钻心的疼痛使她双眉紧蹙（cù），但她没有哭；那年闹旱灾，家里种的庄稼一大半绝收，妈妈双眼直直地盯着天空，但她没哭。我轻轻地说：“妈妈，哭了您心里会好受些。”可妈妈缓缓地摇了摇头说：“大人流汗，流血，不流泪。” 是的，妈妈流汗、流血，却不流泪。 不常流泪的人流泪是痛苦的，那是她的心在流血呀！我爱妈妈，我不愿让她流泪、流汗、流血。可是，哎…… 妈妈看着成绩单，不相信地说：“考得这么差？”我低下头，默认了。“为什么？”妈妈的声音提高了。为什么？因为上课没听讲，那时我在玩随身带的小物件；因为作业没有做，自习时我在看小说；因为……可是我能这样说吗？一霎时，我像又看到了炎炎烈日下妈妈额头的汗珠，如墨的夜里妈妈浇地时的孤独身影……“我，我……”我多想找个充分的理由啊，可我怎么能欺骗妈妈！“妈妈！”惭愧吞噬着我的心。泪，如断了线的珠子纷纷落下。“哎，你一点也不体谅父母啊！”妈妈哽咽了。我抬起头，（A）第一次看见妈妈清瘦的脸上挂着两颗晶莹的泪珠！啊，妈妈哭了！我怕了，抱着妈妈的胳膊，哭得更凶了。妈妈啊，原谅女儿吧，愿这泪能抚平您心的伤痕！女儿会努力的…… 从那至今，我再没有流过泪；我要像妈妈一样，流汗、流血、不流泪。我要用辛勤的汗水，用滚烫的血织成一条彩带，一头连着妈妈，一头连着我。 现在，妈妈又在为我缝棉衣了。“慈母手中线，游子身上衣。临行密密缝，意恐迟迟归。谁言寸草心，报得三春晖。”我轻轻地走到妈妈跟前，悄悄递上一杯热茶。妈妈抬起头，（B）脸上绽开了春晖似的笑容。啊，妈妈好美！ 一霎时，我心中升起一个渴望：我愿以终生的努力换取这微笑，愿它永驻妈妈脸上。 25、给下列加点字注音。（3分）
三年级语文下册第一单元拓展阅读《红花草》，附阅读真题与答案 红花草 周稼骏 也许因为我在江南农村长期生活过的缘故，我特别难忘那朴实无华的红花草。红花草，也叫紫云英，是一种生命力很强的草本植物。南方的水稻种植区里，遍野都有她的足迹。还在早春时节，歇冬的农田仍无生机，倔强的红花草就从隔年的稻茬周围，争先恐后地萌发出来。她那葱绿的羽叶，浅倚着冻土，嫩茎上开着一朵带霜缀露的小红花，恰如举着一支小火把，把大地喂得像块红玛瑙，真美。
然而，我对红花草的喜爱，还不单因为她那如火如荼的生命力，更在于那朴实、崇高的情怀。数九隆冬，万物萧疏，红花草却冲风冒雪地生长着，她的生命何等蓬勃！春暖花开，百花争艳，红花草又无意争春，默默无闻地扎根成长，她的品格何等谦逊！暮春将临，落英缤纷，红花草更到了全盛时期；这时，她的花蕊深蕴着醇香，香气弥漫，空气好像渗进了糖丝，使无数蜜蜂为之癫狂，终日绕着她采蜜。驰誉中外的“紫云英蜜”，就从这时开始萌出那琥珀色的柔光。一到插秧季节，红花草又慷慨地被翻进土里，泡入水中，变成了好的绿肥，为迎接更大的丰收牺牲自己。
红花草，活着，敢斗残冬，无意争春，一心为美好的生活酿蜜；死时，默默无怨，死得其所，给永恒的土地再添厚肥。她那火苗似的不熄的生命，所需极少贡献殊多的无私精神，不正是一种崇高人格的象征吗？ 1.写出文中描述隆冬、初春、暮春三个时令特色的词语。 隆冬：， 初春：， 暮春：，
2.请写出下面句子的修辞手法，并把它改成陈述句。 她那火苗似的不熄的生命，所需极少贡献殊多的无私精神，不正是一种崇高人格的象征吗？ 修辞手法： 陈述句： 3．结合上下文，理解下面这句话在文章中的作用。 然而，我对红花草的喜爱，还不单因为她那如火如荼的生命力，更在于那朴实、崇高的情怀。 4.还在早春时节，歇冬的农田仍无生机，倔强的红花草就从隔年的稻茬周围，争先恐后地萌发出来。她那葱绿的羽叶，浅倚着冻土，嫩茎上开着一朵带霜缀露的小红花，恰如举着一支小火把，把大地喂得像块红玛瑙，真美。 上面这段话，作者把红花草细分成羽叶、嫩茎、小红花等几个部分后，用白描的手法，把可爱的红花草展现在读者的面前。试用这种方法写一写你所熟悉的一种植物。
语文阅读短文练习题（1）及答案 （40分钟完成） (一)人生路上没有地图 喜欢冒险的我决定去玛丽姨妈家，攀爬她家山后那座神秘的大山。姨父阿梅斯说：“真不巧，这几天我很忙，因为我的族人还等着我开会呢。还是等我有时间了再带你去吧，如果没人领着，你很可能会迷路的。” 我说：“怕什么，万一迷路了，我就用手机打你的电话，向你求救。”阿梅斯姨父笑着说：“那好吧，希望你不会迷路，这样我也不会耽误族人开会的时间。” 姨父是族长，主持族人开会，是他们族里的头等大事。我真不希望去打扰他，于是我自信地说：“不会的，我相信自己一定能够安全返回。” 我终于一个人出发了。一路上都很顺利，就在快接近山顶时，突然狂风大作。姨父说过，必须等大风过去了才能继续行走，我只得找了个避风的地方，拿出睡袋躲了进去。一个小时后，我从睡袋里爬出来，眼前竟然没有路了。 我在原地转了一圈，所有的地方都是那么眼熟，那些路看起来四通八达，又好像不是路，怎么办？我决定给姨父打电话求救，可是，除了那个睡袋，我的身边竟然什么也没有了。一定是刚才那阵大风将我的行李给刮走了。 就在我快要绝望的时候，我突然从睡袋里发现了一张地图。莫非是姨父有意放进去的？我顿时来了精神，循着地图的指引顺利找到了回家的路。 一踏进家门，正好赶上姨父散会回家。我高兴地对姨父说：“今天多亏了你的地图，要不我还真是回不了家。我的行李包括手机都给风刮跑了。” 姨父奇怪地问：“地图，你哪里来的地图？”我说：“是你放进我的睡袋里的呀。”姨父拿着那张地图，突然哈哈大笑了起来：“这哪是什么地图啊，这是你4岁的琳达表妹画的超级蜘蛛侠，你看，这些线条不都是蜘蛛的长腿吗？” 我惊奇地说：“可是，我真的是拿这张‘地图’找到下山的路的呀。” 姨父说：“你能够成功地下山，不是这张地图的功劳，而是你自己行动的结果。遇到困难，只要不消极等待，而是主动寻找解决问题的方法，就永远不会迷路！要知道，人生的路上是没有地图的。” 1.“我”能成功地下山，是因为（） A.地图的指引。 B.自己行动的结果。 C.用手机打姨父的电话求救。 2.与“遇到困难，只要不消极等待，而是主动寻找解决问题的方法，就永远不会迷路！”中的“迷路”意思相同的选项是（） A.天气不好，爸爸开车迷路了。
《春秋故事》阅读测试 题及答案 https://www.doczj.com/doc/ce15034699.html,work Information Technology Company.2020YEAR
《春秋故事》阅读测试题及答案 一、判断题 1.褒姒是褒珦的亲生女儿。（×）订正：不是亲生女儿，是买回来的丫环。 2.“暗箭伤人”是指颍考在人群中对准子都偷偷放了一箭，使得子都从城头摔下死亡。（×）订正：是子都偷偷向颍考放了一箭 3.“管鲍之交”中的两位主角在合伙做生意时，管出的本钱少，得利多；鲍出钱多，却得利少。即使这样，鲍并没有责怪管，而且理解和接受管的行为。（√） 4.“一鼓作气”中的将军曹刿等到齐兵响起二通鼓后，才下令出战，结果曹刿将军大胜而归。（×）订正：三通鼓后 ５．晋公子重耳即将回到晋国当国王，一下子变成了富贵人的作派，完全记住了曾经受过的苦，是狐毛让重耳重新“饱不忘饥”。（×）订正：是狐偃６．“放虎归山”是指晋襄公在后母文赢的建议下，放了战败的秦国的俘虏孟明视、西乞术、白乙丙等人，后来晋国却被这三人所打败。（√） 二、选择题 1.“兄弟相残”这个成语中的兄弟是谁（A） A寤生段B郑庄公寤生 C郑庄公段 2.“仙鹤驾车”这个故事中，原先谁一心养仙鹤，不打理朝政，也没把心思放在治国上。后来，虽改过自新，但为时已晚，还是被北狄所杀。（B） A郑庄公B卫懿公 C卫文公 3.“唇亡齿寒”也称“唇齿相依，唇亡齿寒”。“唇”和“齿”是指哪两个国家？ A虢国虞国B晋国虢国C虞国晋国 4.秦国用“五张羊皮”换来的一个奴隶，这个奴隶是谁？ A蹇步B百里溪C孟明视 ５．“退避三舍”是指晋公子重耳为答谢楚成王，说如果将来晋国与楚国发生战争，晋国将主动后退三舍，以报答楚成王之恩，这里的三舍指什么？ A三间房子B九十里C舍弃三样东西 三、填空题 1.周幽王为博得褒姒一笑，开起了烽火戏诸侯的玩笑，并赏赐小人虢石父千金。这是故事的后来叫作（“千金一笑”）。 2.“管鲍之交”中的管是指（管仲），鲍是指（鲍牙叔）。 3.春秋时期，齐桓公应燕国请求，带兵打败了山戎国的侵犯；山戎国国王密卢逃到孤竹国请求救兵，管仲跟随齐桓公打败了孤竹国的援兵。在回国途中，因假向导引入迷谷，使齐军受困。管仲建议用一匹老马带路而化险为夷。这个故事后来被称作&——（老马识途）。 4.“桃园打鸟”的国王是晋国的（晋灵公），成天只知道玩。 5.“一鸣惊人”是指（楚庄王）在大夫申无畏的提醒下，下定决心，改革政治，调整人事，招兵买马，最后成为了一鸣惊人的春秋的霸主。
飘香的生命 突然，觉得办公室内流动着一股熟悉的香味，很熟悉，却一时想不起来是什么香味。开始，还以为是某个同事身上的香水味。可一个个挨着猛嗅了一番，却都不是。这时，有人提醒：“这是桂花香吧。” 这才恍然醒悟，这确实是桂花香啊！于是，赶到室外，走到立在人行道旁的桂树旁。果然，一股浓烈的幽香沁人心脾，激荡魂魄。再仔细瞧去，在那密密的树叶后面，那些米粒大小的嫩黄的花儿正如天空的星星闪烁，却又十分静谧，毫无张扬之意。 瞧着瞧着，我的眼睛就湿润了。这些惹人怜爱的小东西，竟在偷偷地飘香，飘香了还像什么都发生似的，静静地立在枝头，等着悄悄的凋零。我们如不仔细瞧，还不知道它已经到过这个世界，已经香过这个世界。这时，我的思绪触到一个最温柔的记忆，那是上中学时一个同学讲的故事。 当时，这个同学家里很穷，为了省电，他每天晚自习后十一点钟才回家，而那时，学校的大门也在他走后一段时间才缓缓地关上。他一直以为大门是要到那个时候才关的，因此春夏秋冬，他天天如此，从不觉得有什么不妥。直到有一天，他被锁在校园内过了一夜，他才知道学校大门是十点钟就关的，而原来关门的老大爷生病住院了。直到那时他才明白，老大爷一直在默默地为他开着方便之门。当他流着泪买了一大堆礼品去看老大爷时，老大爷已经去世了…… 听完这个故事，我们许多人的眼睛都湿润了，为了那个默默行善的老人。我们的心湿漉漉的，因为在那一刻，我们才醒悟，其实我们每个人身旁都有那个开门的老人，在为我们开着方便之门，他们就像这小小的嫩黄的桂花，悄悄地释放着幽香，然后悄悄地凋零。 他们不张扬，是因为他们的生命本就是如此啊！ 1、给下列加下划线的字注音。（4分） 嗅（）沁（）人心脾凋（）零静谧（） 2、把下面的陈述句改成反问句。（2分） 听完这个故事，我们许多人的眼睛都湿润了。 3、照样子把成语补充完整（4分） 例：口是心非 顾（）失（）扬（）避（）若（）若（）严（）酷（） 4、第三自然段中画线句在文中起什么作用？（3分） 5、“我们许多人的眼睛都湿润了”和“我们的心湿漉漉的”，其原因分别是什么？（4分） 6、《飘香的生命》写出了作者对生命的什么感悟？（3分） 我的小河（节选） 小河又是地球母亲最珍爱的女儿。她A的身躯绝禁不起淤塞的折磨和污染的强暴。可令我不安的是，小河也往往难逃B了。流经城市的小河，往往也出现了污染，她们被迫吞咽着污垢，一些飘浮物随波逐流，玷污了小河清白的面容；还有一些人，自以为高明，把小河的水抽干，把河床用水泥砌起来，如同一个温柔美丽的少女，硬给她穿上一层厚厚而又冰冷的盔甲。小河于是就切断了与大地母亲的血脉，而变成了一个池子，一个地沟。人们还不时在小河上加个橡皮坝之类的营生，把一条完整的小河切成一段一段的格子。如今，清澈美丽的小河越来越少了，不是被肢解，就是被渠化，而地处偏远的小河，随着人类的涉足，也面临着污染的威胁。 期待有一天，人类将停止一切污染的恶行，学会与大自然héxié（）相处。
红花草阅读题答案 ①也许因为我在江南农村长期生活的缘故，我特别难忘那朴实无华的红花草。 ②红花草，也称紫云英，是一种生命力很强的草本植物，南方的水稻种植区里，遍地都有它的足迹。还在早春季节，歇冬的农田毫无生机，倔强的红花草就从隔年的稻茬周围争先恐后地萌发出来。它那葱绿的羽叶，浅倚着冻土，嫩茎上开着一朵带霜缀露的小红花，恰如举着一支小火把，把大地煨得像块红玛瑙，真美。 ③然而，我对红花草的喜爱，还不单因为它那如火如荼(t?的生命力，更在于它那朴 实、崇高的情怀。 ④数九隆冬，万物萧疏，红花草却冲风冒雪地生长着，它的生命何等蓬勃！春暖花开，百花争艳，红花草又无意争春，默默无闻地扎根成长，它的品格何等谦逊！暮春降临，落英缤纷，红花草更到了全盛时期：这时，它的花深蕴着醇香，香气弥漫，空气好像渗进了糖丝，使无数蜜蜂为之癫(di cn)狂，终日绕着它采蜜。驰誉中外的“紫云英蜜”，就从这时开始萌出那琥珀的柔光。一到插秧的季节，红花草又慷慨地被翻进土里，泡入水中，变成了好的绿肥，为迎接更大的丰收牺牲自己。 ⑤红花草，活着，无意争春，一心为美好生活酿蜜；死时，默默无闻，死得其所，给永恒的土地再添厚肥。是的，红花草不名贵，不明艳，也难入观赏之林，但它那火苗似的不熄的生命，所需极少、贡献殊多的无私奉献精神，不正是一种崇高人格的象征吗？ 1 ?给下列加横线字选择正确的读音，画“V”。 倔强(ju eju e) 弥漫(n imi) 2 ?联系上下文理解下列词语的意思。 (1) 如火如荼：_________________ (2) 争先恐后：_________________ 3 ?在第四自然段中找出表示时令推移的四个词语，写在下面的横线上。 4 .这篇文章的结构方式是()。 A.总一分 B.总一分一总 C.分一总 5 .用“ ________ ”画出文中的过渡段。 6.根据文章内容填空。 (1) 从文中，我们可以知道红花草是一种____________________ ，主要生长在 _________________ 地区。 (2) 短文既写了红花草如火如荼的生命力，又从另一角度写了它朴实、崇高的情怀，但 重点应该是写_________________ 。 (3) 作者描写红花草的特点，进而赞扬____________________ 。 参考答案： 1 . ju e ; m i 2. (1) 形容气氛热烈，气势旺盛。 (2) 争着向前惟恐落后。 3. 数九隆冬；春暖花开；暮春降临；插秧的季节 4. B 5. “然而，我对红花草的喜爱……崇高的情怀。” 6. (1) 生命力很强的草本植物南方
《西游记》阅读练习题（中考精华版含答案） 一、填空题 1、《西游记》，长篇章回体神话小说，是神话小说中成就最高、最受喜爱的 小说，但这部作品并非全无依傍，它有着历史真实的影子，即唐贞观年间玄奘远出西域取经的事件。在《大唐西域记》和《大唐慈恩寺法师传》中，对此事有详细的记载。唐僧取经的故事经民间文艺演出，成为以后小说的素材来源。 现在《西游记》是根据明代万历年间的金陵世德堂版本整理加工而成的。 2、《西游记》的作者是吴承恩，字汝中，号射阳山人，明代人。 3、全书共100回，基本由两个故事组成，第1至7回，写孙悟空出世至大闹天宫，表现的是孙悟空对自由的无限追求和斗争最终失败的悲剧，体现出了人性 的自由本质与现实生活的约束的矛盾处境。第8至100回总写唐僧师徒历经八 十一难，去西天大雷音寺取经，蕴含着人必须经历艰难才能最终获得幸福成功的人生真谛。 4、全书共分三大部分：前7回写大闹天宫的故事，是全书的精华部分，表现孙悟空的反抗精神；8—12回写唐僧的来历、魏征斩蛇、唐太宗入冥府，交待取经的缘起；第13回一100回写唐僧师徒取经途中历经81难和师徒终成正果，带经回东土大唐 5、《西游记》中所写天下所分的四大洲分别是：东胜神洲、西牛贺洲、南赡部 洲、北俱芦洲。 6、孙悟空的第一个师傅是菩提祖师，它的兵器原是大禹治水的定海神针，又唤如意金箍棒，大闹天宫后被如来佛祖压在五行山，后受观世音菩萨规劝皈依佛门，唐僧为他取名孙行者。为西天取经立下汗马功劳，后被封为斗战胜佛。 7、猪八戒又叫猪悟能，原为管理天河水兵的天蓬元帅，获罪下凡，误投猪胎，曾占福陵山、云栈洞为妖，后经菩萨点化，保唐僧取经，得成正果，封为净坛使者。 8、沙僧也叫沙悟净，原为天宫中的卷帘大将，被贬下界，在流沙河为妖，后保唐僧取经，得成正果，封为金身罗汉。 9、白龙马原是西海龙王之三太子小白龙，因讳逆父命被囚鹰愁涧，后化作白马驮负唐僧取经，被封为八部天龙广力菩萨。后在化龙池中得复原身，盘绕在大雷音寺的擎天华表柱上。 10、《西游记》中有许多脍炙人口的故事，如三打白骨精、大闹天宫、真假美猴王、三借芭蕉扇。 11、古典文学名著《西游记》中，孙悟空最具有反抗精神的故事情节是：大闹
小升初阅读题库及答案 飘香的生命 突然，觉得办公室内流动着一股熟悉的香味，很熟悉，却一时想不起来是什么香味。开始，还以为是某个同事身上的香水味。可一个个挨着猛嗅了一番，却都不是。这时，有人提醒：“这是桂花香吧。” 这才恍然醒悟，这确实是桂花香啊！于是，赶到室外，走到立在人行道旁的桂树旁。果然，一股浓烈的幽香沁人心脾，激荡魂魄。再仔细瞧去，在那密密的树叶后面，那些米粒大小的嫩黄的花儿正如天空的星星闪烁，却又十分静谧，毫无张扬之意。 瞧着瞧着，我的眼睛就湿润了。这些惹人怜爱的小东西，竟在偷偷地飘香，飘香了还像什么都发生似的，静静地立在枝头，等着悄悄的凋零。我们如不仔细瞧，还不知道它已经到过这个世界，已经香过这个世界。这时，我的思绪触到一个最温柔的记忆，那是上中学时一个同学讲的故事。 当时，这个同学家里很穷，为了省电，他每天晚自习后十一点钟才回家，而那时，学校的大门也在他走后一段时间才缓缓地关上。他一直以为大门是要到那个时候才关的，因此春夏秋冬，他天天如此，从不觉得有什么不妥。直到有一天，他被锁在校园内过了一夜，他才知道学校大门是十点钟就关的，而原来关门的老大爷生病住院了。直到那时他才明白，老大爷一直在默默地为他开着方便之门。当他流着泪买了一大堆礼品去看老大爷时，老大爷已经去世了,, 听完这个故事，我们许多人的眼睛都湿润了，为了那个默默行善的老人。我们的心湿漉漉的，因为在那一刻，我们才醒悟，其实我们每个人身旁都有那个开门的老人，在为我们开着方便之门，他们就像这小小的嫩黄的桂花，悄悄地释放着幽香，然后悄悄地凋零。 他们不张扬，是因为他们的生命本就是如此啊！ 1、给下列加下划线的字注音。（4分） 嗅（）沁（）人心脾凋（）零静谧（） 2、把下面的陈述句改成反问句。（2分） 听完这个故事，我们许多人的眼睛都湿润了。 3、照样子把成语补充完整（4分） 例：口是心非 顾（）失（）扬（）避（）若（）若（）严（）酷（）
西湖秋意-初中语文阅读理解含答案
西湖秋意 1.西湖秋意 ①碧云天，黄叶地…… ②湖波的微语，落叶的沙沙声，轻轻地协奏着一支秋的小曲。苏堤像一 条青黄相间的绒带，默默地伸向水烟迷朦的湖心……苏堤尽头是花港。 走进花港公园，才真正看到了秋天的本色。不是凄凉和萧瑟，不是委顿和枯黄，而是火的色彩，是壮丽和辉煌。 ③枫叶正红。那一瓣瓣红五星般的叶片，在微风中抖动着，像一簇簇小 火苗，组合成一篷篷巨大的红色篝火，在青色和黄色之中熊熊地燃烧着。所有的一切，山石草木，池塘楼阁，仿佛全被燃着。我不禁想起了不久前在北京香山看到的红叶，那是满山遍野的火焰，把秋天燃烧得一片通红。我曾经惊喜得失声叫起来。此刻，面对着西子湖畔的如火红枫，虽没有在香山时的那种惊喜，却也身心为之一振。香山红叶是一种黄栌的树叶，远看红得轰轰烈烈，近看也不免有一种枯萎的感觉。红枫就不一样了，远眺近看，都一样生机盎然。红枫，是我心目中最美的植物之一，在秋天的西子湖畔，它们用自己鲜艳的色彩，向世界透露着生命的亮色，在秋风里吟诵着一首美丽的抒情诗…… ④依然有绿。不仅是苍松翠柏，更多的是许多貌不出众的常青树木： 樟、桂、黄杨、冬青……在落叶遍地的湖畔沉着地吐着绿，这是苍劲的深绿，是墨绿。最远处是一片水杉树，肃立在青沉沉的山脚下，像古人笔下的水墨画。倘若，西子湖畔春天的绿，给人清新妩媚的感觉，那么，此时的绿，应该说是庄重的，是深厚的，它使人想起人到中年以后的那种稳重和成熟…… ⑤也有花。自然是秋的皇后——菊花。在上海，刚刚参观过万卉色艳的 菊展，所以，在这里傲然卓立的名种菊并没有吸引我的注意力，倒是悄悄开放在湖畔树丛中的那些野菊花，花朵很小，然而一开就是雪白的一片，热烈而又优雅，有一种桀骜不驯的野气和生机。在一个不为人注目的小土丘上，居然还长着一片红花草，玫瑰色的小花，悄然开放在绿茵茵的小圆叶中——这应该是春天的标志啊！ ⑥西湖，用她的永不枯竭的心血，用她的始终不渝的柔情，哺育着湖畔 众多的生命。如今，到了秋天，到了大自然新陈代谢的季节，西湖的儿女们却依然顽强在秋风里挥舞着手臂，为母亲唱着动人的生命之歌。 ⑦大自然的规律毕竟是无法改变的。落叶，这秋的尾声、冬的序曲，依 然在西湖畔不慌不忙地飘荡。 ⑧是什么使我眼前豁然发亮：一片耀眼的金黄，彩霞一般垂挂在宁静的 湖畔。这是我视野里最醒目最辉煌的色彩，西湖的黄昏也仿佛因它们而明朗起来、亮堂起来。看清楚了，是两棵高大的梧桐。在盛夏的烈日中，它们曾用蓊郁的树冠在湖畔铺展一片浓绿的荫凉，谁不赞叹它们的绿叶呢！此刻，每一片绿叶都泛出了金黄的色彩，然而它们还是紧紧依
语文真题阅读理解及答案(22) 阅读下面的文字，完成(1)~(4)题。(25分) 吴良镛：筑梦人生 ①1922年的春深时节，吴良镛出生于南京一个普通职员家庭。年少的他，目睹了收账人无情揭走自家的屋瓦，凄风苦雨中一家人被迫告别祖居。1937年南京沦陷前，他先后到武汉、重庆求学;1940年在重庆合川参加大学招生考试时，他亲历了日军战机对大半座城市的轰炸。流离失所、国破家亡的血泪，促使青年吴良镛默默许下宏愿，在内心树立起“谋万人居”理想。 ②1950年，吴良镛结束在美国的研读深造，投身于新中国建设，协助梁思成创办了清华大学建筑系。此后，风雨数十载，以解决中国实际问题为导向，从城市规划、建筑设计到教书育人，他不知疲倦地奔忙着，孜孜探求着中国特色的城市规划建设之路。他指出，西方建筑史是“石头的历史”，而中国古代建筑史是“土木的历史”，因此，北京旧城这个世界城市无与伦比之杰作的保护工作尤为不易。随着一批批新建筑、一座座新城市的拔地而起，吴良镛的心头却日益萦绕着浓密的困惑。他认为，旧城的改造不仅要满足现代生活的舒适要求，还要与原
有的历史环境密切结合。 ③“自古太守多诗人。”在吴良镛看来，作为城市规划者的市长，不仅要具备革命家的情操，还应具有诗人的情怀、史学家的渊博。“衣服破了一定要扔掉吗?是不是想想办法，例如打个漂亮补丁或绣上图案。”相对于大拆大建，吴良镛提出了“有机更新”理论和建造“类四合院”住房体系的构想。他的这一理论，被成功应用于北京菊儿胡同四合院改造工程。菊儿胡同居民曾一直被危房、积水等问题困扰着。由于许多改造方案与旧城风貌保护冲突，改造项目一直停滞在规划层面。吴良镛说：“民惟邦本，普通人的居住问题是建筑最本质、最核心的内容。”他不辞辛劳，反复修改施工方案，每天拖着装满资料的小车到建筑馆工作，或奔波于尘土飞扬的工地。改造后的菊儿小区白墙黛瓦，与周边的老房子浑然一体。在这样一座“类四合院”里，邻里进出打招呼，有了困难互相帮，北京城原有的历史环境和生活情境得以延续。 ④创造与自然和谐的人居环境，让人们能诗情画意般栖居在大地上，这是吴良镛一生不变的梦想。提到这个梦想时，他的脸上总是带着欣慰的笑容。辛勤耕耘在教育第一线的他，言传身教，桃李芬芳。他常常对学生说：
阅读理解测试题及答案经典 一、一年级语文上册阅读理解练习 1．看图，和大人一起读《如果我有很长很长的尾巴》，再完成练习。 尾巴呀尾巴，如果我有一条很长很长的尾巴…… 就可以帮河马哥哥拔掉那颗又疼又讨厌的蛀牙。 尾巴呀尾巴，如果我有一条很长很长的尾巴…… 就可以帮鳄鱼宝宝量量它那越来越大的个头儿了。 尾巴呀尾巴，如果我有一条很长很长的尾巴…… 就可以穿一只长长的传声筒，让高高的长颈鹿姐姐和大伙儿聊天啦! 尾巴呀尾巴，如果我有一条很长很长的尾巴…… 就可以钓条大大的鱼儿请小伙伴吃美餐啦! 尾巴呀尾巴，如果我有一条很长很长的尾巴…… 就可以一边倒立，一边放风筝喽! 嘿嘿，快瞧，我的风筝飞得最棒啦！ （1）小老鼠如果有一条很长很长的尾巴，它可以做哪些事呢?根据文章内容连一连。 帮河马哥哥________ 量个头儿 帮鳄鱼宝宝________ 和大伙儿聊天 帮长颈鹿姐姐________ 拔掉蛀牙 （2）如果你也有一条很长很长的尾巴，你会干什么呢?和大人一起说一说，再仿照文中的句子写下来。 【答案】（1）拔掉蛀牙；量个头儿；和大伙儿聊天 （2）尾巴呀尾巴，如果我有一条很长很长的尾巴……就可以在森林里自由地荡秋千啦! 【考点】句子排序、仿写，课文内容理解，诗 【解析】 2．阅读下面的小短文，回答问题。四个太阳 我画了个绿色的太阳，照着夏天。高山、田野、大马路，到处一片清凉。 我画了个金黄的太阳，送给秋天。果园里，果子熟了。金黄的落叶忙着邀请小伙伴，尝尝水果的香甜。 我画了个红红的太阳，挂在冬天，温暖着娃娃们冻僵的手和脸。 春天，春天的太阳该画什么颜色？噢，画个彩色的。春天，是最美的季节。 （1）读读看，在作者笔下四季的太阳分别是什么颜色的？为什么？ 冬天的太阳是________色的，因为________ 秋天的太阳是________色的，因为________ 夏天的太阳是________色的，因为________
人教版语文七下第一单元测试试卷 一、积累与运用 (24分) 1、请你把下面的文字抄写在方格里，要求书写正确、端正、整洁、美观。（2 2、给下面加点的字注音，或根据拼音写汉字（4分） （１）这是荒园，人迹罕（）至，所以不相宜，只好来捕鸟。 （２）一个字的命令最可怕，但是我怎么啦？居然有勇气不nuó（）窝儿。（３）他处处挨啄，被排挤，被shàn（）笑。 （４）我在那路口久久伫（）立。 3、选词填空（3分） （１）第二次行礼时，先生便（和气和蔼）地在一旁答礼。他是一个高而瘦的老人，须发都花白了，还（带戴）着大眼镜。 （２）不知（原缘）起于什么时候，也不知道出于什么（原缘）因，班上的男孩们爱上了写小说，而（原缘）先爱踢的足球似乎与他们（原缘）分已尽，再也不见踪影。 4、填空（7分） ①《从百草园到三味书屋》是一篇回忆童年生活的______（体裁），选自《____________》。作者鲁迅，原名_________。 ②《未选择的路》的作者是＿＿＿＿＿，＿＿国著名诗人。诗中的“路”象征＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿。 ③《丑小鸭》选自《》，作者是＿＿＿＿（国名）的童话作家＿＿＿＿， ④假如生活欺骗了你，＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿！忧郁的日子里需要镇静：相信吧，＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿。 ⑤山际见来烟，___________________。 ⑥___________________，明月来相照。 ⑦峨眉山月半轮秋，__________________________。 5、下面诗句的朗读节奏的划分正确的一项是（）（2分） A．相信吧，快乐的日子/将/会来临。
B．啊，留下/一条/路/等/改日/再见。 C．而/那过去/了的，就/会/成为/亲切/的怀恋。 D．我向着/一条路/极目/望去，直到/它/消失在/丛林/深处。 6、从上下文连贯的角度看，连接最恰当的一项是( )。（3分） 在我的梦里：所有被砍伐的森林重新绿叶葱茏，。梦境如此美好，能忍心让它仅仅是个梦吗? A.受污染的所有河流重新清波荡漾 B．所有受污染的河流重新清波荡漾 C．所有河流不再受污染而清波荡漾 D．所有清波荡漾的河流不再受污染 7、根据你的观察和生活的感悟，仿写画线句子。（3分） 大自然能给我们许多启示：滴水可以穿石，是在告诉我们做事应持之以恒；大地能载万物，是在告诉我们求学要广读博览；，。 二、阅读探究（一）（18分） 金溪民方仲永，世隶耕。仲永生五年，未尝识书具，忽啼求之。父异焉，借旁近与之，即书诗四句，并自为其名。其诗以养父母、收族为意，传一乡秀才观之。自是指物作诗立就，其文理皆有可观者。邑人奇之，稍稍宾客其父，或以钱币乞之。父利其然也，日扳仲永环谒于邑人，不使学。 余闻之也久。明道中，从先人还家，于舅家见之，十二三矣。令作诗，不能称前时之闻。又七年，还自扬州，复到舅家问焉。曰：“泯然众人矣。” 王子曰：仲永之通悟，受之天也。其受之天也，贤于材人远矣。卒之为众人，则其受于人者不至也。彼其受之天也，如此其贤也，不受之人，且为众人；今夫不受之天，固众人，又不受之人，得为众人而已耶? 1．解释下列句子中的词语：（4分） （1）未尝识书具（）（2）或以钱币乞之（）（3）邑人奇之，稍稍宾客其父（） （4）明道中，从先人还家（） 2．翻译下列句子。（4分）
(完整word版)六年级上册语文阅读练习题及答案 亲爱的读者： 本文内容由我和我的同事精心收集整理后编辑发布到文库，发布之前我们对文中内容进行详细的校对，但难免会有错误的地方，如果有错误的地方请您评论区留言，我们予以纠正，如果本文档对您有帮助，请您下载收藏以便随时调用。下面是本文详细内容。 最后最您生活愉快 ~O(∩_∩)O ~
六年级上册语文阅读练习题及答案《母爱是一根穿针线》 母亲为儿子整理衣服时，发现儿子衬衣袖子上的纽扣松动了。 她决定给儿子钉一下。∥ 儿子很年轻，却已经是一名声誉日隆的作家。天赋和勤奋成就了他的今天。母亲因此而骄傲——她就是作家的母亲! 屋子里很静，只有儿子敲击键盘的嘀嘀嗒嗒声，为他行云流水的文字伴奏，母亲能从儿子的神态上看出，他正文思泉涌。她在抽屉里找针线时，不敢弄出一点声响，惟恐打扰了儿子。还好，母亲发现了一个线管，针就插在线管上。她把它取出来，轻轻推好抽屉。 可她遇到了麻烦，当年的绣花女连针也穿不上了。一个月前她还穿针引线缝被子，现在明明看见针孔在那儿，就是穿不上。 她不相信她视力下降得那么厉害。再次把线头伸进嘴里濡湿，再次用左手的食指和拇指把它捻得又尖又细，再次抬起手臂。让眼睛与针的距离最近，再试一次——还是失败。 再试…… 可线仍未穿进针眼里。∥
儿子的眼睛热了。他这才想起许久不曾和母亲交流过感情，也没有关心过她的衣食起居了。 妈，我来帮你。儿子离开电脑，只一刹那，丝线穿针而过。母亲笑纹如花。用心为儿子钉起纽扣来，像在缝合一个美丽的梦。∥ 儿子知道今后该怎样做了。因为，母亲很容易满足，比如，只是帮她穿一根针，实现她为你钉一颗纽扣的愿望，使她付出的爱畅通无阻。如此简单。∥ 1、题目是用打比方的手法写的，他把母爱比作，你把母爱比作。 2、把第二自然段中加点的词换成一个近义词填在括号里，使句子的意思不变。 3、文中省略号的用法是：________________________。 4、句中说“儿子知道今后该怎样做了。”你知道该怎样做吗？ ________________________________________________ ____________。 5、说说”母亲美丽的梦”是什么？
记叙文阅读测试题 【注】 1、先让孩子做前面的例题页，限时独立思考完成。 2、自行对答案看解析，答案不重要，而是分析出答案过程。 3、孩子思考订正错题，高效学习。 4、每道题 15 分钟 【例1】孩子，有些东西不属于你 ①我在始发站上了公共汽车，坐到最后一排。在我的后面，紧跟着上来一对母女。妈妈三十多岁，戴着无框眼镜。她的女儿五六岁，怀里紧抱着一只毛绒玩具。那时车厢里尚有部分空座，可是小女孩瞅瞅那些空座，然后坚定地指指我，对她妈妈说：“我要坐那里。” ②我愣住了。 ③女人抱歉地冲我笑笑。她低下头，对小女孩说：“咱们去那边靠窗的位置坐吧。” ④“不，我要坐那里！”小女孩再一次指指我。 ⑤我不知道小女孩为什么非要坐到我的位置。但我知道，现在她与妈妈犟上了，任女人如何哄她，就是站在那里，不肯随女人去坐。她不去坐，女人也不去，两个人站在狭窄的过道里，任很多人用异样的目光打量她们。 ⑥我想，现在小女孩想要的并非是一个座位，而是一种满足。习惯性的满足，有理或者无理要求的满足。或许大多数时候，她的这种满足可以在家里得到，在她妈妈那里得到。问题是，现在，她并不是在家里。（A） ⑦“你应该向我要这个座位，而不是你的妈妈。”我终于忍不住了，提醒她说。 ⑧小女孩似乎没有听到我的话。她看着妈妈，拽着妈妈的手，说：“我要坐那里，我要坐那里。”（B） ⑨“那你们过来坐吧。”我说，“你和你妈妈挤一挤，或者你妈妈抱着你……”虽然我并不想惯着她，可是我实在不忍看到女人尴尬的模样。 ⑩“不！”她说，“我不要和妈妈一起坐！我要一个人坐！” ?这就太过分了。或者说，对她的妈妈来说，这已经远非胡搅蛮缠，而是威胁了。 ?我告诉小女孩，她乘公共汽车是免费的，她的妈妈并没有为她花一分钱。既然是免费，公共汽车上就没有给她准备座位。现在我把座位让给她，她应该把座位让给妈妈。或者，就算她花了钱，就算她有一个座位，有老人或者孕妇上来，她也应该给他们让座。现在，全社会都在这样做。 ?“我要坐那个座位！”小女孩对我的话充耳不闻，她一门心思缠着她的妈妈。 ?我想起一个词：教养。 ?那天，直到终点，我也没有给她让座。我始终坐得安安稳稳，再也没有和小女孩说一句话。而她则始终站在我的面前，拽着妈妈的手，每隔一会儿，就要说一遍“我要坐那个座位”。 ?可是，没有用。她的要求在今天、在这辆公共汽车上、在我的面前，注定不会得到满足。 ?车上的人看着我，看着她，看着她的妈妈，目光里，各种情绪都有。但不管如何，我想，大概没有人觉得这个小女孩可怜，也没有人觉得我应该把座位让给她。 ?那天我必须拒绝她，不仅要用语言，还要用行动。我想告诉这个小女孩：这世上，有些东西并不属于她。不属于她的东西，并非撒娇，或者威胁唯一可以对她没有立场和底线的妈妈就可以得到的。 ?小女孩终会长大。但愿长大后她会明白：世界不是她家的客厅，别人的东西不是她怀里的毛绒玩具，别人也绝非她的妈妈。
一、阅读下面的文章 , 完成下列各题。 （一） 我曾给学生讲过一个发生在我朋友身上的真实故事一一朋友在外地工作,常年不回家,母亲盼呀盼,终于得到儿子要在除夕之夜回到家里的喜讯。那天,在爆竹声中,母亲包好了三鲜馅儿的饺子,专等着儿子回来后下锅。馅是精心调的,应该正对儿子的胃口。但是,母亲心里还是有一些忐忑,她想预先知道这饺子的咸淡,便煮了两个来品尝。一尝之下,母亲大惊失色,饺子馅儿里竟然忘了放盐!母亲看着两屉包好的饺子,绝望至极。她知道可以让儿子蘸着酱油吃,她也知道即使蘸着酱油吃,儿子也会欢呼“好吃死了”, 可她不愿意让千里迢迢赶回来的儿子吃到有缺陷的饺子, 怎么办?这个聪慧的母亲,居然从邻居那里讨来了一支注射器,调好了盐水,开始逐个给饺子“打针”儿子回到家里,饺子也注射完毕。母亲煮好了饺子,让儿子尝尝味道如何。儿子尝了,连说“好吃”。这时候,母亲得意地举起那支注射器给儿子看,向儿子夸耀说,她 ,可以将一个缺陷修复得让他察觉不出来。可是,儿子听着听着就哭了,他在想,这些年他一个人在外面打拼,也曾吃过很多饺子,那些饺子,咸的咸，淡的淡，他都咽下去了，有谁能像母亲这样在意他的口味？为了让儿子吃到咸淡适宜的饺子，母亲竟想出了这样高妙的法子。吃着这交织着母亲的爱与智慧的饺子，哪个孩子能不动容？ 我多么欣慰，几年前，我将这样一个暖心的故事植入了孩子们的心田，我本不指望收获什么的，甚至以为那些听故事的人很快就会将它淡忘了。但是，这个同学居然能把这则故事铭记这么久！我相信，铭记着这则故事的人会珍惜母亲做的每一餐饭，会在寡淡的饭菜中品出一种难得的真味与厚味。母亲摆出一场爱的盛宴，只等着她心爱的小鸟来啄。幸福的小鸟啊，你无须刷卡，只管欢畅地啄食、尽情地享用这人间的珍馐吧。 1.整体感知文章内容，在_______________________上为文章你写一个简洁的标题。 2.“可是,儿子听着听着就哭了”，儿子吃到了饺子，饺子的缺陷也几乎无法察觉。可是，儿子为什么哭呢？ 3.细读文章，你是如何理解文中母亲的“智”的？ 4.下面两个问题，任选一题作答。 （1）文中横线处，“难得的真味与厚味”指的是什么？ （2）文中横线处，“这人间的珍馐”指的是什么？ 5.作者通过什么方式揭示了文章的主题？ 6.有人说：亲情是一种深度，友情是一种广度，爱情是一种纯度，而母爱无价。结合文章内容及自己的亲身感受，谈谈你对母爱的理解。
《红花草》阅读答案 也许因为我在江南农村长期生活过的缘故，我特别难忘那朴实无华的红花草。 红花草，也叫紫云英，是一种生命力很强的草本植物。南方的水稻种植区里，遍野都有她的足迹。还在初春时节，歇冬的农田仍无生机，倔强的红花草就从隔年的稻茬四周，争先恐后地萌生出来。她那葱绿的羽叶，浅倚着冻土，嫩茎上开着一朵带霜缀露的小红花，恰如举着一支小火把，把大地喂得像块红玛瑙，真美。 然而，我对红花草的喜欢，还不单因为她那如火如荼的生命力，更在于那朴实、崇高的情怀。 数九隆冬，万物萧疏，红花草却冲风冒雪地生长着，她的生命何等蓬勃！春暖花开，百花争艳，红花草又无意争春，默默无闻地扎根成长，她的品格何等谦逊！暮春将临，落英缤纷，红花草更到了全盛时期；这时，她的花蕊深蕴着醇香，香气弥漫，空气仿佛渗进了糖丝，使无数蜜蜂为之癫狂，终日绕着她采蜜。驰誉中外的“紫云英蜜”，就从这时开始萌出那琥珀色的柔光。一到插秧季节，红花草又大方地被翻进土里，泡入水中，变成了好的绿肥，为迎接更大的丰收牺牲自己。 红花草，活着，敢斗残冬，无意争春，一心为美妙的生活酿蜜；死时，默默无怨，死得其所，给永恒的土地再添厚肥。是的，红花草不珍贵，不浓艳，也难入欣赏之林。但，她那火苗似的不熄的生命，所需极少奉献殊多的无私精神，不正是一种崇高人格的象征吗？
1．本文最主要的写作特点是________。 2．红花草的生命力和高尚的品质分别是按什么顺序描写的？[] Ａ．由远及近时间顺序 Ｂ．由外到里空间顺序 Ｃ．由近及远时间顺序 Ｄ．由里到外逻辑顺序 3．红花草的一些品德与人类的哪些崇高品格相似？完成下列表格格式，字数不要超过方格范围。 4．在文中找出最能表达中心的句子。 答案 1．以物喻人，托物言志 2．Ａ 3．（1）勇敢（2）默默奉献（3）舍己为人 4．但她那火苗似的不熄的生命，所需极少奉献殊多的无私精神，不正是一种崇高人格的象征吗？