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辽宁省实验中学分校2013-2014学年高一6月月考化学试题

辽宁省实验中学分校2013-2014学年高一6月月考化学试题
辽宁省实验中学分校2013-2014学年高一6月月考化学试题

辽宁省实验中学分校2013-2014学年高一6月月考化学试题

Ⅰ卷

一选择题(下列选择题只有一个选项正确,共22题,每题3分,共66分)

1.反应2SO 2+O22SO3经一段时间后,SO3的浓度增加了0.4mol·L-1,在这段时间内用O2表示的反应速率为0.04mol·L-1·s-1,则这段时间为()

A. 0.1s

B. 2.5s

C. 5s

D. 10s

2.在2L的密闭容器中,发生以下反应:2A(气)+B(气)2C(气)+D(气)若最初加入的A和B都是4 mol,在前10s A的平均反应速率为0.12 mol/(L·s),则10s时,容器中B的物质的量是()

A 3.6 mol

B 2.8 mol

C 2.4 mol

D 1.2 mol

3.把下列四种X溶液分别加入四个盛有10mL 2mol/L盐酸的烧杯中,均加水稀释到50mL,此时,X和盐酸缓慢地进行反应,其中反应最快的是()

A.10℃20mL 3mol/L的X溶液 B.20℃30mL 2mol/L的X溶液

C.20℃10mL 4mol/L的X溶液 D.10℃10mL 2mol/L的X溶液

4.将固体NH4Br置于密闭容器中,在某温度下,发生下列可逆反应:NH4Br(s) NH3(g)+HBr(g) 2HBr(g) Br2(g)+H2(g),2min后,测得c(H2)=0.5mol/L,c(HBr)=4mol/L,若上述反应速率用v(NH3)表示,下列反应速率正确的是()

A.0.5mol/(L·min) B.2.5 mol/(L·min) C.2 mol/(L·min) D.5 mol/(L·min)

5.在一定温度下的固定容积的密闭容器中,当下列物理量不再变化时,表明反应:A(s)+2B(g)

C(g)+D(g)已达平衡的是()

A.混合气体的压强 B.气体的总物质的量

C.消耗1摩尔A同时生成1摩尔D D.混合气体的密度

6.可逆反应2NO

22NO+O2在恒容密闭容器中反应,可以作为达到平衡状态的标志是()

①单位时间内生成n mo1 O2的同时生成2nmol NO2②单位时间内生成nmol O2的同时生成2nmolNO

③混合气体的颜色不再改变④混合气体的密度不再改变

⑤混合气体的平均相对分子质量不再改变

A.①③⑤ B.②④⑤C.①③④D.①②③④⑤

7.在一定体积的密闭容器中放入3L气体R和5L气体Q,在一定条件下发生反应:2R(g)

+5Q(g(g)+nY(g)。反应完全后,容器温度不变,混和气体的压强是原的87.5%,则化学方程式中的n值是()

A. 2

B. 3

C. 4

D. 5

8.Fe(NO3)2溶液呈浅绿色,其中存在下列平衡:Fe2++2H2O Fe(OH)2+2H+,往该溶液中滴加盐酸,发生的变化是()

A.平衡向逆反应方向移动 B.平衡不移动

C.溶液由浅绿色变成黄色 D. 溶液由浅绿色变为深绿色

9.已知真空炼铷的原理如下:2RbCl+Mg = MgCl2+2Rb(气)。对于此反应的进行能给予正确解释的是( )

A.铷的金属活动性不如镁强,镁可置换出铷

B.铷的沸点比镁低,把铷蒸气抽出时,平衡向右移

C.铷的单质状态较化合态更稳定

D.MgCl2的热稳定性不如RbCl强

10.在一密闭容器中,aA(g)bB(g)达到平衡后,保持温度不变,将容器体积增大一倍,

当达到新的平衡时,B的浓度是原的60%,则()

A.平衡向正反应方向移动了 B.物质A的转化率减小了

C.物质B的质量分数不变D.a>b

11.在一定温度下,容器中加入CO和H2O(g)各1mol,发生反应:CO+H2O CO2+H2,达

到平衡时生成0.7mol的CO2,若其他条件不变,一开始就加入4mol H2O(g),则达到平衡可

能生成的CO2是()

A.0.6mol B.0.95mol C.1mol D.1.5mol

12.过程的自发性的作用是()

A.判断过程的热效应

B.确定过程是否一定会发生

C.判断过程发生的速率

D.判断过程的方向

15.某温度下,将2molA和3molB充入一密闭容器中,发生反应:aA(g)+B(g)C(g)+D(g)

达到平衡时,各物质的浓度关系是c(A)a·c(B)= c(C)·c(D)。若在温度不变的情况下将容

器的体积扩大为原的10倍,A的转化率不发生变化,则B的转化率为:()

A.60% B.40% C.20% D.10%

16.下列关于化学平衡常数的说法中错误的是( )

A.某特定反应的平衡常数仅是温度的函数

B.催化剂不能改变平衡常数的大小

C.平衡常数发生变化,化学平衡必定发生移动

D.化学平衡发生移动,平衡常数必发

生改变

17.在1100℃,恒定容积的密闭容器中发生反应:FeO(s)+CO(g)===Fe(s)+CO2(g)ΔH=a

kJ/mol (a>0),该温度下K=0.263,下列有关该反应的说法正确的是( )

A.达到化学平衡状态时,若c(CO)=0.100 mol·L-1,则c(CO2)=0.026 3 mol·L-

1

B.若要提高CO的转化率,可加入适当过量的FeO

C.升高温度,混合气体的平均相对分子质量减小

D.若生成56 g Fe,则反应吸收的热量小于a kJ

D.加热至高温(1200℃)后,自然冷却,粉碎,并和草木灰混和后使用

18.某可逆反应L(s)+G(g) 3R(g); △H>0,下图表示外界条件温度、压强的变化对

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