2010年9月份《大学英语4》课程考试
模拟试卷试卷类型：（B）
Part I Reading Comprehension (本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分)
Directions: There are 3 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
Passage One
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:
Laws have been written to govern the use of American National Flag, and to ensure proper respect for the flag. Custom has also governed the common practice in regard to its use. All the armed services have precise regulations on how to display the national flag. This may vary somewhat from the general rules. The national flag should be raised and lowered by hand. Do not raise the flag while it is folded. Unfold the flag first, and then hoist it quickly to the top of the flagpole. Lower it slowly and with dignity. Place no objects on or over the flag. Do not use the flag as part of a costume or athletic uniform. Do not print it upon cushions, handkerchiefs, paper napkins or boxes. A federal law provides that the trademark cannot be registered if it comprises the flag, or badgers of the US. When the flag is used to unveil a statue or monument, it shouldn’t serve as a covering of the object to be unveiled. If it is displayed on such occasions, do not allow the flag to fall to the ground, but let it be carried high up in the air to form a feature of the ceremony. Take every precaution to prevent the flag from soiled. It should not be allowed to touch the ground or floor, nor to brush against objects.
1. How do Americans ensure proper respect for the national flag?
A. By making laws.
B. By enforcing discipline.
C. By educating the public.
D. By holding ceremonies.
2. What is the regulation regarding the raising of the American National Flag?
A. It should be raised by soldiers.
B. It should be raised quickly by hand.
C. It should be raised only by Americans.
D. It should be raised by mechanical means.
3. How should the American National Flag be displayed at an unveiling ceremony?
A. It should be attached to the status.
B. It should be hung from the top of the monument.
C. It should be spread over the object to be unveiled.
D. It should be carried high up in the air.
4. What do we learn about the use of the American National Flag?
A. There has been a lot of controversy over the use of flag.
B. The best athletes can wear uniforms with the design of the flag.
C. There are precise regulations and customs to be followed.
D. Americans can print the flag on their cushions or handkerchiefs.
5. What is Americans’ attitude towards their National Flag?
A. Arbitrary.
B. Respect.
C. Happy.
D. Brave.
Passage T wo
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:
In the United States, many people try to save time. In many families, both the husband and wife work full-time, so their free time is very important to them. They look for quick and convenient ways to do their shopping and other things they want to do.
Many years ago, people had to go to the fish market to buy fish, to the butcher for meat and chicken, to fruit market for fresh fruit, and to the bakery for bread and rolls. Now most people go to just one place. They can buy fruit, bread, meat, fresh vegetables, frozen foods, and beer at the local supermarke t. They can also buy things for house, such as pots and pans, brooms and buckets (桶). They can even buy socks and stockings, shoes, mitten (手套), and sunglasses at supermarkets.
When Americans eat out, they often go to fast-food restaurants. Breakfast, lunch, and dinner are always ready. People order their meals at the counter and wait for their food just a few seconds or minutes. Then they carry the food to a table, eat it, and throw their trash (垃圾) away. It takes only 20 minutes or so to eat a meal at a fast-food restauran t.
Supermarkets and fast-food restaurants are therefore very important to people in the United States. They are quick and convenient, and tha t's what people want when they are always looking for ways to save time.
6. According to the reading, time is important because ________.
A. money isn't very important
B. so many people work full-time
C. people look for convenient ways to do their housework
D. people can buy everything at the local supermarket
7. Many Americans go to fast-food restaurants because ________.
A. they order their meals at the counter and carry the food to a table to eat
B. they have to cook and wash the dishes
C. they don't want to go to the supermarkets
D. they can save time
8. People don't have to shop at fish markets, butcher shops, fruit markets and bakeries because ________.
A. they can save money at the supermarkets
B. most husbands and wives work full-time
C. they can buy all of those things at just one place
D. supermarkets and fast-food restaurants are very important
9. Fast-food restaurants are convenient because ________.
A. the service is quick
B. the food is expensive
C. people eat at the counter
D. breakfast, lunch and dinner are nice there
10. The reading is about ________.
A. supermarket
B. fast-food restaurants
C. shopping and eating in America
D. saving time
Passage Three
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:
Language is always changing. In a society where life continues year after year with few changes, the languages do not change either. The earliest known languages had difficult grammar but a small, limited vocabulary (词汇). Over the century, the grammar changed, and the vocabulary grew. For example, the English and Spanish people who came to America during the sixteenth century gave names to all the new plants and animals they found. In this way, hundreds of new words were introduced into English and Spanish vocabularies. Today life is changing very fast, and language is changing fast too.
There are several major (主要的) language families in the world. Some scientists say there are nine main families, but other scientists divided them differently. Th e languages in each family are connected, and scientists think that they came from the same parent language. About 3% of the people in the world speak languages that are not in these major families.
11. The early language had________.
A. a lot of problems
B. many words and easy grammar
C. words but no grammar
D. difficult grammar but not many words
12. In the next few hundred years we can expect language to ________.
A. stay exactly the same
B. change a great deal
C. change only a little
D. add more words and drop some grammar
13. This article shows that ________.
A. language changes fast
B. language changes with changes in society
C. language really doesn't need changing
D. only Spanish and English have changed
14. From this article we can know that ________.
A. language can change very slowly or very quickly
B. language will become easier and easier
C. we should give our plants new names
D. English and Spanish are the only languages that have changed
15. The first English and Spanish people arrived in America more than _______ years ago.
A.200-300
B. 600-700
C. 1600-1700
D. 400-500
Part II Vocabulary & Structure (本大题共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分)
Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
1. The bridge was named _____ the hero who gave his life for the cause of the people.
A. after
B. for
C. because of
D. before
2. Do you feel like ____________ today?
A. having something eaten
B. having something to eat
C. to have something eaten
D. to have something to eat
3. Jean did not go to the concert last night because she was busy _________ for her examination.
A. to prepare
B. to be prepared
C. preparing
D. being prepared
4. Although Mary is satisfied with her success, she wonders ______ will happen to her private life.
A. how
B. who
C. what
D. that
5. He studied economics in his youth, _____ contributed to his great success in later life.
A. that
B. it
C. what
D. which
6. I don’t know the park, but it’s ______ to be quite beautif ul.
A. said
B. told
C. spoken
D. talked
7. Nancy is ________ girl.
A. a eighteen-year-old
B. an eighteen-years-old
C. a eighteen-years-old
D. an eighteen-year-old
8. They have learned about _______ in recent years.
A. several hundreds English words
B. hundreds of English words
C. hundred of English words
D. several hundred English words
9. It is said that _______ boys in your school like playing football, though others prefer basketball.
A. quite a lot
B. quite a few
C. quite a bit
D. quite a little
10. Y ou ______ buy some reference books when you go to college.
A. could
B. will have to
C. must to
D. might
11. That young man still denies ______ the fire behind the store.
A. start
B. to start
C. having started
D. to have started
12. While in London, we paid a visit to the hospital founded ______ the nurse Florence Nightingale.
A. in line with
B. in favour of
C. in honour of
D. in place of
13. _______ the advances of science, the discomforts of old age will no doubt always be with us.
A. As for
B. Besides
C. Except
D. Despite
14. He is a(n) ______ basketball player, for he makes money by playing the games.
A. amateur
B. part-time
C. spare-time
D. professional
15. Her laziness ____________ her; she failed in all her final exams.
A. kept up with
B. came up with
C. put up with
D. caught up with
16. He said the test was only _______ and he finished it within half an hour!
A. a cake
B. anything
C. a piece of cake
D. a cake piece
17. I thought you ______ coming to the concer t so I didn’t buy you a ticket!
A. didn’t
B. aren’t
C. won’t be
D. weren’t
18. _______ in the care of his grandmother, Ted grew to be a boy with very good manners.
A. Leaving
B. To be left
C. To leave
D. Left
19. I can’t find my umbrella. Perhaps I have __________ it on the bus.
A. left
B. forgotten
C. to leave
D. to forget
20. With the help of computers, news can __________ every corner of the world swiftly.
A. get
B. arrive
C. reach
D. return
Part III Cloze (本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)
Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
No man can change the weather. Nobody can control the weather. But if people read correctly the signs around them, they can tell 1 the weather will be like the following day or two.
For many centuries people have studied the weather and tried to 2 weather forecasting. Sometimes distant objects 3 hills and tall trees don’t seem to be very clear. This is 4 of much water vapor (水蒸气) in the 5 and therefore rain will probably come.
If some birds fly high, fine weather is coming, but if they fly near the ground, rainy or stormy weather is 6 the way. It is probably because of the insects which they are hunting 7 they fly very low.
If a fog appears in the morning just about sunrise, then the day will be warm. Instead, if a fog appears in the evening, the next day will bring wet 8 . If the sunset is mostly red in color, then the following day will be fine. If a rainbow appears in the morning, rainy weather will probably come.
Most of the 9 sayings have been made by people who have used their 10 and brains to make weather forecasting.
Part IV Translation (本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)
Directions: Translate the following five sentences from English into Chinese and write your version on the Answer Sheet.
1. Please move your chair to the window.
2. Do you often do your washing in the evening?
3. Our teacher always encourages us to speak English bravely.
4. Please give me your advice.
5. She was the only daughter and the youngest child of five.
6. Bill is a mature young man and no longer dependent on his parents for decisions.
7. He spent a lot of time preparing for the math exam. Therefore, he was somewhat disappointed when he knew he only got a B.
8. In the United States it is quite easy to find a place for rent, but the high cost keeps many young people away.
9. The manager’s office was filled with customers complaining about the poor quality of the washing-machines they bought in his store.
10. It may be an easy task to learn to drive a car but many new drivers are afraid to drive on crowded city streets until they have more experience.
Part V Writing (本大题1小题，共10分)
假设你叫刘旦，家住外地，五一节期间来上海游玩，住在朋友李华家里，李华为你安排了一周愉快的假期生活，还游玩了许多地方。五一节假期后你回家写信给李华表示感谢，并请他有机会到你处来游玩。
请用英语写一篇不少于80字的感谢信。
Part I Reading Comprehension(本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分)
1-5 ABDCB 6-10 BDCAD 11-15 DBBAD
Part II Vocabulary & Structure(本大题共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分)
1-5 ABCCD 6-10 ADBBB 11-15 CCDDD 16-20 CDDAC
Part III Cloze(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)
1-5 CBDBA 6-10 DABAC
Part IV Translation(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)
1. 请把你的椅子移到窗口。
2. 你经常晚上洗衣服吗？
3. 我们老师总是鼓励我们要勇敢说英语。
4. 请给我你的意见。
5. 她是唯一的女儿，是五个孩子中年龄最小的。
6. 比尔已是个成熟的小伙子，不再依赖父母替他做主。
7. 他花了许多时间准备数学考试，因此当他获知自己只得了个B时感到有点失望。
8. 在美国，供出租的地方很容易找到，但高昂的价格常使年轻人却步。
9. 经理办公室挤满了顾客，他们抱怨在他店里购买的洗衣机质量低劣。
10. 学会驾车是一件轻而易举的事，但许多新司机直到积累了更多经验后才敢驾车在拥挤的城市街道上行驶。
Part V Writing(本大题1小题，共10分)
信的格式如下：
May 15, 2010
Dear Li Hua,
_________________________________________________________________ (正文)
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Y ours,
Liu Dan
一、交际英语 1．--Have a cup of tea, ? --Thanks a lot. A don’t you B haven’t you C shall me D will you 2.-- ? --He is not very well. A Who is he B What is he C How is he D Who he is 3.—Why didn’t you come to my birthday party yesterday? -- . A Excuse me, my frie nd sent me a flower B Fine, I never go to birthday parties C Well, I don’t like birthday parties D Sorry, but my wife had a car accident 4.—This box is too heavy for me to carry upstairs. -- A You may ask for help B I’ll give you a hand C Please do me a favor D I’d come to help 5. -Could I ask you a rather personal question? -Of course, . A good idea B that’s right C never mind D go ahead 二、词汇与结构 6．I don’t know the park, but it’s to be quite beautiful. A．said B．old C．spoken D．talked 7．Mike is better than Peter swimming. A．for B．at C．on D．in 8．The young lady coming over to us our English teacher; the way she walks tells us that! A．must be B．can be C．woul be D．could be 9．Had you come five minutes earlier, you the train to Birmingham. But now you missed it. A．Would catch B．would have caught C．Could catch D．Should catch 10．Eggs, though rich in nourishments, have of fat. A．a large number of B．the large number C．a large amount D．the large amount 三、阅读理解 Passage 1 Snowflakes look like white stars falling from the sky. But there have been times when snow has looked red, green, yellow, or black. There have been snowflakes of almost every color. Think how it would seem to have colored snowflakes coming down all around you. Black snow fell in France one year. Another year grey snow fell in Japan. It was found that the snow was mixed with ashes. his made it look dark. Red snow had come down in other countries. When this happened, the snow was mixed with red dust. Most snow looks white, but it is really the color of ice. Snow is ice that comes from snow cloud. Each snowflake begins with a small drop of frozen water. More water forms around this drop. The way the water freezes gives the snowflakes its shape. No two snowflakes are ever just the same size or shape. Sometimes the snowflakes are broken when they come down. Other snowflakes melt as they fall. All snowflakes are flat and have six
上海市公务员录用考试专用教材主编 李永新中公教育上海公务员考试研究院审定 全真模拟预测试卷 严格依据上海市公务员考试大纲编写的深度辅导教材 真正达到上海市公务员考试难度的深度辅导教材 【政法 】
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中公教育核心研发团队 李永新中公教育首席研究与辅导专家 毕业于北京大学政府管理学院,具有深厚的公务员考试核心理论专业背景,具有十多年公务员考试辅导与实战经验,对中央国家机关和地方各级公务员招考有博大精深的研究,主持研发了引领公考领域行业标准的深度辅导、专项突破等全系列教材和辅导课程,讲课系统、全面、有效,备受考生欢迎和推崇,是公考辅导领域行业标准的开创者和引领者。 张永生中公教育首席研究与辅导专家 中公教育资深专家,顶级辅导教师。多年来潜心致力于公务员考试的教学研究,参与编撰了中央国家机关及各省公务员录用考试专用教材,实践中充分体现了培训针对性强、真题命中率高的特点,是深受考生信赖的实力派讲师。 邓湘树中公教育首席研究与辅导专家 北京大学政府管理学博士,曾在组织部门工作多年,熟悉公务员考试录用工作,对中央国家机关和各省公务员考试有博大精深的研究,具有丰富的公务员考试面试经验。辅导课程思路清晰,条理清楚,深入浅出,幽默生动,深受广大学员欢迎。 张红军中公教育首席研究与辅导专家 北京大学政府管理学院博士,具有深厚的公务员考试核心理论专业背景,对中央国家机关和地方公务员考试有深入的研究,讲授深刻、系统、精彩,深受考生欢迎。 刘辉籍中公教育首席研究与辅导专家 中公教育研发团队核心成员。全国特级教师、教授,享受国务院特殊津贴,从事教学及教育管理工作多年。曾长期担任国家公务员职务、市级公务员招考面试考官,深入研究公务员面试考试,对面试教学作出重大革新,其先进的教学思想和丰富的教学经验深受广大学员欢迎。 王学永中公教育首席研究与辅导专家 北京大学政府管理学院公共管理硕士,理论基础扎实。有着丰富的备考经验和技巧,特别是对公务员考试的难点(演绎推理部分)有深入的研究,将理论与实战很好地结合起来,形成了最新成果,能让学员在备考过程中得到显著提高。 史广帅中公教育资深研究与辅导专家 对各省公共基础知识的考试特点有深入的研究。在教学实践中,善于从小角度切入理论核心,使学生能够快速掌握理论核心和框架,洞悉考试规律,并给学生制定个性化的提高方案。 易琨中公教育资深研究与辅导专家 高校从教多年,授课思路清晰,逻辑严谨,具有深厚的公共基础知识功底,擅长利用有限时间快速突破公共基础知识及公务员考试中常识部分的学习瓶颈。对于面试也有深入研究,授课针对性强,命中率高,复习方法简单实用,深受学员喜爱。 中公教育研发团队其他成员介绍详见sh.燥枣枣糟灶援糟燥皂
公务员考试模拟试卷 20天行测83分申论81分（经验） （适合：国家公务员，各省公务员，村官，事业单位，政法干警，警察，军转干，路转税，选调生，党政公选，法检等考 试） ———知识改变命运，励志照亮人生 我是2010年10月15号报的国家公务员考试，报名之后，买了教材开始学习，在一位大学同学的指导下，大约20天时间，行测考了83.2分，申论81分，进入面试，笔试第二，面试第一，总分第二，成功录取。在这里我没有炫耀的意思，因为比我考的分数高的人还很多，远的不说，就我这单位上一起进来的，85分以上的，90分以上的都有。只是给大家一些信心，分享一下我的经验，我只是普通大学毕业，智商和大家都一样，关键是找对方法，事半功倍。 指导我的大学同学是2009年考上的，他的行测、申论、面试都过了80分，学习时间仅用了20多天而已。我也是因为看到他的成功，才决定要考公务员的。“人脉就是实力”，这句话在我这位同学和我身上又一次得到验证，他父亲的一位朋友参加过国家公务员考试命题组，这
位命题组的老师告诉他一些非常重要的建议和详细的指导，在这些建议的指导下，我同学和我仅仅准备了20天左右的时间，行测申论就都达到了80分以上。这些命题组的老师是最了解公务员考试机密的人，只是因为他们的特殊身份，都不方便出来写书或是做培训班。下面我会把这些建议分享给你，希望能够对你有所帮助。 在新员工见面会上，我又认识了23位和我同时考进来的其他职位的同事，他们的行测申论几乎都在80分以上，或是接近80分，我和他们做了详细的考试经验交流，得出了一些通用的备考方案和方法，因为只有通用的方法，才能适合于每一个人。 2010年国考成功录取后，为了进一步完善这套公务员考试方案，我又通过那位命题组的老师联系上了其他的5位参加过命题的老师和4位申论阅卷老师，进一点了解更加详细的出题机密和阅卷规则。因为申论是人工阅卷，这4位申论阅卷老师最了解申论阅卷的打分规则，他们把申论快速提高到75到80分的建议写在纸上，可能也就50页纸而已，但是，他们的建议比任何培训机构和书籍效果都好（我是说申论）。这一点我是深有体会并非常认同的。 最终我根据自己和23位80分以上同事的经验，还有6位命题老师4位申论阅卷老师给出的建议，总结出了这套国考（中央级）省考（省市县乡村级）通用学习方案。 在2011年4月份的省考和2011年11月的国考中，有1200多位考生使用这套方案，其中400多位参加国考的考生中有190多位录取，录取率48%，800多位参加省考的考生中有530多位录取，录
2017．1反应工程 一、填空题 1、已知初始摩尔率（ｙＡ0)，写出膨胀因子A δ和膨胀率A ε的关系_____。 2、气液快速反应发生在__＿＿_膜上，写出一例气液反应器_＿_＿______。 3、可逆放热反应速度随温度升高＿_____＿__＿_______。 4、对于平行反应： S B A P B A k ?→?+?→?+21k 第一个反应为主反应，由动力学方程,有 221121r r b B a A s b B a A p C C k C C k ?=?=，ａ1<ａ2，b1>b2时,可通过____反应物A 的浓度、_____反应物B 的浓度提高主反应选择性。 5、对全混流反应器,最终选择性S 与瞬时选择性S(t)的关系为_＿__＿___。 6、D ａ准数的物理意义是＿＿＿_＿＿__＿____＿__________＿____＿＿_＿_。 7、某不可逆气固相催化反应本征活化能为150kj/ｍｏｌ，反应受内扩散控制，表观活化能约为______。 8、CS ＴR 中发生不可逆放热反应，若存在多个定态点，定态点稳定的必要条件是＿_＿___＿______＿。 9、流化床反应器鼓泡床模型中，气固催化反应主要发生在_＿＿＿_中。 10、固定床反应器忽略轴向扩散影响的条件为______＿_；忽略器壁效应影响的条件是__＿__＿＿_＿_。 11、内扩散影响严重时,Thiel ｅ模数>ψ____＿_。 二、判断题 1、活化能越高,反应速率系数对温度的变化越敏感 2、脉冲示踪法测定反应器的停留时间分布时可直接得Ｅ(t ）函数 3、努森扩散系数与系统压力成正比 4、绝热固定床反应器内,可逆放热反应一定存在热点 5、对于自催化反应，当转化率远大于最大速率点对应转化率时，全混流反应器优于活塞流反应器 6、反应级数高且要求转化率高时，宜采用全混流反应器 7、内扩散因子1>η 8、对一个气固反应，高温时无内扩散，低温时也无内扩散 9、对平行反应,主反应级数高时内扩散影响使选择性下降 10、对气固催化反应：催化剂活性提高有利于消除内扩散影响 三、简答题
Test Seven, Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension (15 minutes) Directions: This part is to test your listening ability. It consists of 3 sections. Section A Directions: This section is to test your ability to give proper answers to questions. There are 5 recorded dialogues in it. After each dialogue, there is a pause. The questions will be spoken two times. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A) , B) , C) and D) given in your test paper. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 1. A) Mary is not here, because she is ill. B) No, it isn't. C) Yes, it is. D) We are ready. 2.A) I am not hungry. B) But the price is too high. C) I like doing some cooking. D) I want to have a rest. 3.A) No, you can't. B) Yes, you can. C) I want a seat near the window. D) That's all right. 4. A) Thank you. B) I agree with you. C) Me, too. D) A little better. 5.A) It's snowing now. B) I like it. C) Yes, the grounds are white. D) it sounds good. Section B Directions: This section is to test your ability to understand short dialogues. There are 5 recorded dialogues in it. After each dialogue, there is a recorded question. Both the dialogues and questions will be spoken two times. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A) , B) , C) and D) given in your test paper. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 6.A) $16. B) $32. C) $8. D) $64. 7.A) Patient and doctor. B) Waitress and customer. C) Wife and husband. D) Secretary and boss. 8. A) Worried and frightened. B) Quite unhappy. C) Very relaxed. D) Angry with the professor. 9. A) The woman was late for coming. B) The woman asked the man to wait. C) The man was annoyed by her late coming. D) The man was quite all right. 10. A) Young people are quick in making decisions. B) They seldom stay long on one job. C) They are easy to lose jobs. D) They are too eager to succeed. Section C Directions: In this section you will hear a recorded passage. The passage is printed in the test paper, but with some words or phrases missing. The passage will be read three times. During the second reading, you are required to put the missing words or phrases on the Answer Sheet in order of the numbered blanks according to what you have heard. The third reading is for you to check your writing. Now the passage will begin. Dick was a sailor on a big ship. It went to Japan and Australia, so Dick was often on the ship for some months at a time. When he (11) up in the morning and looked out, he only (12) the sea, or sometimes a port. When he was twenty-three, Dick married and bought a small (13) with a garden in his wife's town. It was (14) away from the sea. Then he had to go back to his ship, and was away (15) home for two months. He went from the port to the town by bus, and was very happy to see his wife again.
当前国内聚羧酸系混凝土减水剂的研发现状分析 混凝土是世界上用量最大的建筑材料, 外加剂又是混凝土必不可少的组分。自上世纪30年代以来，随着科技的发展进步，几经更新换代已发展到聚羧酸系高性能外加剂这一最新科技成果，它不仅用作混凝土高效减水剂，而且可用作防水剂，以及混凝土泵送剂。 高效减水剂又称超塑化剂，它有改善混凝土施工性能、减少水灰比，提高混凝土的强度和耐久性、节约水泥，减少混凝土初始缺陷等作用。上世纪60年代的高效减水剂主要产品有萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物NSF和三聚氰铵磺酸盐甲醛缩合物MSF，虽然该类产品减水率较高，但混凝土塌落度损失快，耐久性较差而不能达到制备高性能和超高性能混凝土的目的。 一、研发现状: 80年代日本首次研发的新型聚羧酸系高性能减水剂是一种完全不同于NSF、MSF的较为理想的减水剂，即使在低掺量时也能使混凝土具有高流动性，并在低水灰比时具有低粘度和坍落度保持性能，且与不同水泥有更好的相容性，是目前高强高流动性混凝土所不可或缺的材料。随着混凝土向高强、高性能方向发展，高分子化学和材料分子设计理论不断取得新进展，对减水剂提出了更高的要求。当前研究方向已由传统的萘系、三聚氰胺系等减水剂向新型的羧酸聚合物减水剂发展，并已成为混凝土材料中的重要产品。国内近十多年来，新型高效减水剂和超塑化剂的研发主要产品还是萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物与氨基磺酸盐缩合物等，而对聚羧酸系减水剂的研究无论是从原材料选择、生产工艺或是提高性能方面都起步较晚，虽然国内研究者通过分子途径探索聚羧酸系减水剂产品已取得一定成效，从国内公开发表的相关学术论文和研究文献，以及公开的中国专利文献来看，国内对聚羧酸系减水剂产品的研发大多处于实验研制阶段，真正形成产品的厂家还很少，远不能满足高性能混凝土发展的需要。因此研究聚羧酸系减水剂将更多地从混凝土的强度、施工性、耐久性及价格等多方面综合考虑。随着合成与表征聚合物减水剂及其化学结构与性能关系的研究不断深入，聚羧酸系减水剂将进一步朝着高性能多功能化、生态化、国际标准化方向发展。 二、分子设计与合成方法： 聚羧酸系高性能减水剂分子结构设计是在分子主链或侧链上引入强极性基团羧基、磺酸基、聚氧化乙烯基等，使分子具有梳形结构。如下图
Section A Directions: There are 10 incomplete statements here. You are required to complete each statement by choosing the appropriate answer from the 4 choices marked A) , B) , C) and D) . You should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 16. The classroom needs______. A) clean B) to clean C) to be cleaned D) being cleaned 17.There is a nice-looking car there. I wonder ______. A) whom it belongs to B) whom does it belong to C) it belongs to whom D) whom does it belong 18. Wordsworth was one of the greatest poets ______ lived in the 19th century. A) which B) who C) those D) that 19. the population is too large, we have to take measures to control the birth rate. A) Although B) Since C) If D) Until 20. It is requested that every student ______ a paper on sustainable development. A) writes B) wrote C) writing D) write 21 .He said, "I ______ a lot of new poems by the end of last year." A) h ad already learnt B) have already learnt C) would have already learnt D) already learnt 22. As Edison grew ______, he became more and more interested in science. A) elder B) the elder C) older D) the older 23. Only in this way ______ catch up with your brothers. A) do you can B) can you C) you can D) you do can 24.No one, except his two best friends, ______ where he is. A) know B) knows C) to know D) knowing 25. Mr. John has decided that he will ______ the branch company set up in the small town. A) take over B) hand in C) put in D) lead to Section B Directions: There are also 10 incomplete statements here. You should fill in each blank with the proper form of the word given in the brackets. Write .the word or words in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet. 26. We started the attack when the enemy (cross) ______ the river. 27.My suggestion is that we (send) ______ a few people to help the other groups. 28.I am sorry to learn that you have made no (improve)______on the design at all. 29. I prefer (live) ______ in the country rather than in a city. 30. We had difficulty (carry) ______ out the plan. 31. Not(know) ______ her address, we couldn't get in touch with her. 32.Do you know the (high) ______ of St. Paul's Cathedral. 33. The great number of traffic accidents (emphasis) ______ the need for careful driving. 34. Many modern cars are equipped with an (automatically) ______ temperature control system. 35 .That one is no good; this one is even (bad) ______. Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes) Direction: This part is to test your reading ability. There are 5 tasks for you to fulfil. You should read the reading materials carefully and do the tasks as you are instructed. T ask 1 Direction:After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements, numbered 36 through 40. For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A) , B) , C) or D) . You should make the correct choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a Single line through the center.
一、单项选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分） 1、假设甲、乙、丙三人独立地破译一密码，他们每人译出的概率都是4 1 ，则密码被译出的概率为（C ）A 、 64 1 B 、 4 1 C 、 64 37 D 、 64 632、如果A,B 之积为不可能事件，则称A 与B （B ）A 、相互独立 B 、互不相容 C 、对立 D 、Φ=A 或Φ =B 3、设随机变量X 的概率密度为?????≤>=1 ,01 ,)(3x x x c x f ，则常数c 等于（C ） A 、1 B 、-1 C 、2 D 、-2 4、下列命题中错误的是（D ） A 、)0)(,0)(()()(),(>>?=Y D X D Y D X D Y X Cov XY ρ B 、11≤≤ -XY ρ C 、1=XY ρ时，Y 与X 存在完全的线性关系 D 、1-=XY ρ时，Y 与X 之间无线性关系 5、若D(X)=16，D(Y)=25，4.0=XY ρ，则D(2X-Y)=（A ）A 、57 B 、37 C 、48 D 、84 6、设)2,3(~-N X ，则X 的概率密度=)(x f （D ） A 、+∞<<-∞-x e x ,212 2 π B 、+∞ <<-∞-- x e x ,214 )3(2 π C 、 +∞<<-∞+- x e x ,214 )3(2 π D 、 +∞ <<-∞+- x e x ,214 )3(2 π 7、设(X,Y ）的分布列为 下面错误的是（C ）A 、1.0,1.0==q p B 、6 1,301== q p C 、5 1 ,151== q p D 、15 2 ,151== q p 8、设4321,,,x x x x 是来自总体),(2 σμN 的样本，其中μ已知，但2 σ未知，则下面的随机变量中，不是统
公务员考试申论模拟试题及答案 公务员考试申论模拟试题 1、2015年6月13日，2015“筑城广场市民才艺大赛”之“迎接省九运会全民健身操比赛”暨贵阳市“少年强中国强”中小学生健身操大赛，在筑城广场热闹开场。来自贵阳市16所中学的近500名学生表演的“啦啦操”让观众大声叫好。 健身操比赛只不过是筑城广场众多文艺演出中的一项。从市民才艺大赛，到百姓健康舞;从“春黔社”的相声，到编程高手的现场比拼;从吹拉弹唱，到唱念做打……2013年以来，随着“筑城大舞台”活动的开展，筑城广场周周烹制文化大餐。更值得一提的是，因为赛事多样、免费报名、零门槛，筑城广场真正发挥了百姓大舞台的作用，吸引了数万市民参与其中、乐在其中，广场文化因此成为贵阳市公共文化的标志性平台。 随着物质生活日益丰富，广大群众的精神文化需求也越来越高。公共文化事业的发展，不仅关乎老百姓的生活质量，更关乎精神文化家园的丰富繁荣，而开展文化惠民活动，是保障人民基本文化权益的务实举措和有效方式。2015年6月10日，国家公共文化服务体系建设协调组第三次联络员会议在北京召开。此次会议通报了全国人大会关于《国务院关于公共文化服务体系建设工作情况的报告》的审议意见，讨论了《关于落实全国人大会审议意见的分工方案》，充分体现了党中央对文化惠民工作的高度重视。 2、近年来，各级党委、政府和相关部门认真贯彻落实中央关于文化建设的战略部署，加大公共文化服务投入力度，创新公共文化产品和服务的内容与方式，公共文化服务体系建设呈现出蓬勃发展、整体推进、重点突破的良好态势，但是，我国公共文化服务总体水平仍然不高，与人民群众快速增长的文化需求还不相适应，与现代公共文化服务体系的要求还有较大差距。 “我们去年在参加全国政协组织的调研时发现，一个农家书屋里，《商务宴请赢在点菜》这本书多达7册，而《深入浅出注册表及BIOS》竟有12册。一个书屋总共才1000册书，配这样的书，还配这么多本，农民真能用得上吗?”全国政协委员、国家图书馆副馆长陈立在政协界别联组会上直言，一些地方的农家书屋在书籍选配、管理服务、效益发挥方面仍存在不少问题。
公务员考试模拟试卷及答案 20天行测83分申论81分（经验） （适合：国家公务员，各省公务员，村官，事业单位，政法干警，警察，军转干，路转税，选调生，党政公选，法检等考 试） ———知识改变命运，励志照亮人生 我是2010年10月15号报的国家公务员考试，报名之后，买了教材开始学习，在一位大学同学的指导下，大约20天时间，行测考了83.2分，申论81分，进入面试，笔试第二，面试第一，总分第二，成功录取。在这里我没有炫耀的意思，因为比我考的分数高的人还很多，远的不说，就我这单位上一起进来的，85分以上的，90分以上的都有。只是给大家一些信心，分享一下我的经验，我只是普通大学毕业，智商和大家都一样，关键是找对方法，事半功倍。 指导我的大学同学是2009年考上的，他的行测、申论、面试都过了80分，学习时间仅用了20多天而已。我也是因为看到他的成功，才决定要考公务员的。“人脉就是实力”，这句话在我这位同学和我身上又一次得到验证，他父亲的一位朋友参加过国家公务员考试命题组，这
位命题组的老师告诉他一些非常重要的建议和详细的指导，在这些建议的指导下，我同学和我仅仅准备了20天左右的时间，行测申论就都达到了80分以上。这些命题组的老师是最了解公务员考试机密的人，只是因为他们的特殊身份，都不方便出来写书或是做培训班。下面我会把这些建议分享给你，希望能够对你有所帮助。 在新员工见面会上，我又认识了23位和我同时考进来的其他职位的同事，他们的行测申论几乎都在80分以上，或是接近80分，我和他们做了详细的考试经验交流，得出了一些通用的备考方案和方法，因为只有通用的方法，才能适合于每一个人。 2010年国考成功录取后，为了进一步完善这套公务员考试方案，我又通过那位命题组的老师联系上了其他的5位参加过命题的老师和4位申论阅卷老师，进一点了解更加详细的出题机密和阅卷规则。因为申论是人工阅卷，这4位申论阅卷老师最了解申论阅卷的打分规则，他们把申论快速提高到75到80分的建议写在纸上，可能也就50页纸而已，但是，他们的建议比任何培训机构和书籍效果都好（我是说申论）。这一点我是深有体会并非常认同的。 最终我根据自己和23位80分以上同事的经验，还有6位命题老师4位申论阅卷老师给出的建议，总结出了这套国考（中央级）省考（省市县乡村级）通用学习方案。 在2011年4月份的省考和2011年11月的国考中，有1200多位考生使用这套方案，其中400多位参加国考的考生中有190多位录取，录取率48%，800多位参加省考的考生中有530多位录取，录
一、判断题，判断下面的说法或描述是否正确，T(正确)，F(错误)。共30题，每题1分，共30分。 1. 学生可以把实验室内的硝酸、硫酸等危险化学物质带入图书馆存放。 本题回答正确！ 2. 注册CALIS馆际互借系统账号需要仔细填写读者的电话号码和E-MAIL，以便馆际互借员获取文献后方便联系。 本题回答正确！ 3. 读者可以通过科技查新来获取我馆未收藏的文献资源。 本题回答错误！你的答案是：T 4. 《图书借阅规则》规定，教工、研究生图书续借期限是30天，本科生图书续借期限是20天，小说类图书都不能续借。 本题回答正确！ 5. 大工图书馆索书号由“分类号+著者号+附加号”组成。 本题回答正确！ 6. 实体馆藏文献中，天文、地球、交通运输、航空航天、综合性图书等类的图书不是收藏在令希馆401室中文图书阅览室。 本题回答正确！ 7. 读者可以利用图书馆主页（电脑版或手机版）“我的图书馆”中“当前借阅”的功能，查看当前借阅图书的详细情况，包括所借图书册数、书名/责任者、条码号、借阅日期、应还日期等。 本题回答正确！ 8. 图书馆《入馆规定》规定：读者进馆保持馆内清洁卫生，严禁吸烟，但可带食品进馆吃，不随地吐痰、不乱扔废弃物。 本题回答正确！ 9. 当读者通过“超星发现”检索到的学术文献，如果大连理工大学图书馆购买其电子全文，获取途径项提供的链接直接打开全文。 本题回答正确！ 10. 图书馆每本书的索书号贴在书的书脊底部。 本题回答正确！ 11. 读者通过“超星发现”检索到的单篇论文，如果大连理工大学图书馆没有购买其电子全文，可通过“超星发现”提供的“文献传递”付费获取。 本题回答错误！你的答案是：T 12. 想要查阅国外学位论文，可以访问ProQuest学位论文全文数据库和PQDT文摘数据库。 本题回答正确！ 13. 伯川图书馆馆藏包括文科、理科类中文图书及中文文科、理科类期刊、文艺期刊和报纸、学位论文及西文会议录等特种文献。 本题回答正确！ 14. 在图书馆中，“现刊”是指最新一期出版的期刊。 本题回答正确！ 15. 《图书借阅规则》规定，预约服务仅限于同一种图书的所有可借复本全部借出时才可以办理。 本题回答正确！ 16. 读者需要使用图书馆电子阅览室时，应凭校园卡自助刷卡上机。
大学英语B级模拟试题第套
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大学英语（B）模拟试卷 Test 3 第一部分：交际用语（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分） 此部分共有5个未完成的对话，针对每个对话中未完成的部分有4个选项，请从A、B、C、D 4个选项中选出正确选项。 1. —Hi, Bob, how‘s everything with you? —__________, and how are you? A. Don’t mention it B. Hm, not too bad. C. Thanks D. Pretty fast 2. —Who is that speaking? —This is Wang Li__________. A. speaks B. spoken C. speaking D. saying 3. —Could you help me with my chemistry, please? —______________________ A. No, no way. B. No, I couldn’t. C. No, I can’t. D .Sorry I can’t. I have to go to a meeting right now. 4. —Can you go to the movie with us this evening? —______________________ A. No, I already have plans. B. I’d love to, but I’m busy tonight. C. No, I really don’t like being with you. D. I’m ill, so I shouldn’t go out. 5. —Hey, Kate, what’s up? —______________________ A. Yes, definitely! B. Oh, not much. C. What is happening in your life? D. You are lucky. 第二部分：阅读理解（共10小题；每小题3分，满分30分） 此部分共有2篇短文，在第一篇短文后有5个正误判断题，从每题后的2个选项中选出正确答案；在第2篇短文后有5个问题。请从每个问题后的A、B、C、D 4个选项中选出正确选项。 Passage 1 Places to stay in Britain are as varied as the places you visit. Whatever your budget is the choice -from basic barn to small hotel, from tiny cottage to grand castle - is all part of fun. Hostels Cheap, good? -value hostels are aimed at all types of like-minded travelers, who prefer value
2017.1反应工程 一、填空题 1、已知初始摩尔率（y A0），写出膨胀因子A δ和膨胀率A ε的关系_____。 2、气液快速反应发生在_____膜上，写出一例气液反应器__________。 3、可逆放热反应速度随温度升高_________________。 4、对于平行反应： S B A P B A k ?→?+?→?+2 1 k 第一个反应为主反应，由动力学方程，有 22 1121r r b B a A s b B a A p C C k C C k ?=?=，a1
1、活化能越高，反应速率系数对温度的变化越敏感 2、脉冲示踪法测定反应器的停留时间分布时可直接得E（t）函数 3、努森扩散系数与系统压力成正比 4、绝热固定床反应器内，可逆放热反应一定存在热点 5、对于自催化反应，当转化率远大于最大速率点对应转化率时，全混流反应器优于活塞流反应器 6、反应级数高且要求转化率高时，宜采用全混流反应器 η 7、内扩散因子1 > 8、对一个气固反应，高温时无内扩散，低温时也无内扩散 9、对平行反应，主反应级数高时内扩散影响使选择性下降 10、对气固催化反应：催化剂活性提高有利于消除内扩散影响 三、简答题 1、图为间歇釜式反应器的Cp-t图像，Cp为产物浓度，t0为辅助时间，用图解法求出单位时间产量最大的最佳反应时间。 Cp