翻译三级笔译实务-17
(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)
一、Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (英译汉)
Translate the following passage into Chinese.
(总题数：1，分数：60.00)
1.The proportion of children in America who are overweight has tripled over the past 20 years and now exceeds 17% , according to the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The health problems that this causes include hypertension and type-2 diabetes, formerly known only among the nation's overweight adult population. A group sponsored by the National Institute on Ageing has warned that this may be the first generation ever to have a shorter lifespan than their parents. All the while, the proportion of children who take part in daily exercise at high school has dropped from 42% in 1991 to only 28% in 2004, according to the CDC. Snacking has greatly in-creased; the Government Accountability Office found in 2003 that 99% of America's high schools now sell snacks and other food as well as providing lunches.
In an attempt to get the problem tackled at local level, Congress in 2004 passed an act directing school districts that get money from the national school-lunch programme to create "wellness" policies by the start of the 2006-07 school year. The districts were told to set standards for nutrition, physical activity and education about good food, then make sure that schools actually implement them.
One year after the deadline, the results are haphazard. School districts' plans range from a few paragraphs long to more than 25 pages. Some states, like Texas and Arkansas, have pre-emptively set standards for school districts under their jurisdiction, forcing schools to ban fizzy drinks and junk food while increasing the amount of exercise the pupils take. Others offer guidelines rather than man-dates, with no repercussions for schools that don't comply. And in some areas, schools are being eased into change very slowly. Oregon's legislature passed a bill in June that gives its schools ten years to meet its new physical-education requirements.
Last October the School Nutrition Association (SNA), a pressure group, analysed health policies from the 100 largest school districts in the country, which account for almost a quarter of the nation's primary-and-secondary-school students. Many districts had indeed created guidelines for nutrition education, physical activity and school food, as required, but the rules tended to be fairly broad. Some policies merely defaulted to the state recommendations and some to the federal government's minimal requirements. The physical-activity guidelines were also varied; only 62% of schools made physical education obligatory.
Action for Healthy Kids, another schools-oriented NGO, also looked at a smattering of policies last year. Of the 112 districts it analysed, only 30% specified a time requirement for physical-edu-cation classes and 42% offered only general guidelines for the sort of food and drink allowed to be sold in the schools. Cafeterias where nachos, French fries and cookies are tucked alongside salads, juice and fresh fruit do not encourage children to eat well.
The SNA has now done a follow-up. It found that less than half of the schools were implemen-ting their nutrition-education guidelines and enforcing vending-machine rules. The sporty bits fared better, with 64% of the schools meeting their physical-education requirements.
Bringing the issue to a local level is meant to make up for the dearth of guidelines from the fe-deral government. Other than banning chewing-gum and sweets from the cafeteria at lunchtime, there are no national guidelines for food sold outside the school lunch programme, nor are there any requirements for physical education. So far, the 2004 act does not seem to be doing enough to change that.
（分数：60.00）
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(
胖了，还越来越胖
根据美国疾病与预防中心的数据显示，近20年，美国肥胖儿童的人数翻了两番，现在超过了17%。因肥胖而引起的健康问题有高血压、二型糖尿病，以前，这些疾病只有肥胖的成年人才可能患上。国立老年研究所资助的研究人员发出警告：这代儿童的寿命可能首次要比他们的父辈短。
一直以来，根据美国疾病控制与预防中心的数据显示中学生参加日常锻炼的比率由1991年的42%下降到了2004年的28%。越来越多的孩子喜欢吃零食。2003年政府责任办公室调查发现，美国99%的中学目前除了提供午餐以外，还兼售其他食品。
为了从根源上解决问题，2004年国会通过了一项法案，规定获得国家校园午餐资助项目的学区必须在2006至2007学年开学前制定相关“健康”政策，同时规定这些学区制定与营养、体育活动以及健康饮食教育的一系列相关标准，并确保学校能切实遵守准则。
距法案规定的期限已经有一年之余了，各地的实施成效却显得仍然杂乱无章。学区制定的计划标准不一：有的只有短短几段话，有的则长达25页。像德克萨斯、阿肯色等州的学区早就应各州司法部门的要求，为各自辖区的学校制定了标准：一面强制学校禁止销售碳酸饮料和垃圾食品，另一面则加强学生的体育锻炼。其他州则只是制定了指导性方针而没有要求学校强制执行，面对校方不履行准则时也没有做出任何回应。另外有些地区的学校改革期限拉得很长，显得相对缓慢，如6月，俄勒冈州立法机构通过了一项法案，要求该州的学校10年内要达到新的体育教学要求。
去年10月，美国高压组织——学校营养协会分析了全国最大的100个学区的健康政策。这100个学区的学生人数将近占全国中小学生总数的1/4。许多学区确实依照要求制定了营养教育、体育活动以及学校饮食方面的相关规定，但都相对宽泛。其中有些规定并没有履行州政府的提议，有的则只符合联邦政府规定的最低要求。体育活动的规定也各式各样，只有62%的学校把体育课列为必修课。
“为了孩子健康”是美国定位于学校的另一个民间组织。去年，这个组织也对部分政策做了一些研究。研究发现，112个学区里只有30%的学区有体育教学课时的要求细则，42%的学区仅泛泛规定了学校内可销售的食品和饮料种类。一些餐厅把烤干酪辣味玉米片、炸薯条和饼干放在沙拉、果汁和新鲜水果的旁边出售，这种行为有悖于学生健康饮食的理念。
现在，学校营养协会进一步采取行动。它发现遵守营养教育规则、实行自动贩卖机规则的学校还不到一半。学生体育成绩取得进展的学校里，有64%的学校达到了体育课的要求。
从根源上解决这个问题也就意味着联邦政府得补全规则，而不是禁止在校内食堂午餐时间出售口香糖、水果糖。因为国家并没有出台校外午餐时间不得出售相关食物的规定，校外也没有相关体育锻炼的体育教育规则。就目前来看，2004年通过的法案要改变这一现状，显然还不够完善。)
解析：[长难句分析]
1. In an attempt to get the problem tackled at local level, Congress in 2004 passed an act directing school districts that get money from the national school-lunch programme to create "wellness" policies by the start of the 2006-07 school year.
[译句] 为了从根源上解决问题，2004年国会通过了一项法案，规定获得国家校园午餐资助项目的学区必须在2006至2007学年开学前制定相关“健康”政策。
[句子结构分析] 该句主干为“Congress passed an act.”；介词结构In an attempt to get the problem tackled at local level作目的状语；现在分词结构directing school districts to create "wellness" policies作目的状语；that引导定语从句，修饰school districts；介词结构by the start of the 2006-07 school year作时间状语。
2. Some states, like Texas and Arkansas, have pre-emptively set standards for school districts under their jurisdiction, forcing schools to ban fizzy drinks and junk food while increasing the amount of exercise the pupils take.
[译句] 像德克萨斯、阿肯色等州的学区早就应各州司法部门的要求，为各自辖区的学校制定了标准：一面
强制学校禁止销售碳酸饮料和垃圾食品，另一面则加强学生的体育锻炼。
[句子结构分析] 该句主干为“Some states have pre-emptively set standards for school districts”；介词结构like Texas and Arkansas为插入语；现在分词结构forcing schools to banfizzy drinks and junk food和increasing the amount of exercise the pupils take作状语，这两部分由转折连词while 连接。
3. Other than banning chewing-gum and sweets from the cafeteria at lunchtime, there are no national guidelines for food sold outside the school lunch programme, nor are there any requirements for physical education.
[译句] 因为国家并没有出台校外午餐时间不得出售相关食物的规定，校外也没有相关体育锻炼的体育教育规则。
[句子结构分析] 该句主干为“there are no national guidelines for food, nor are there any requirements for physical education.”；介词结构Other than banning chewing-gum and sweets from the cafeteria at lunchtime作状语；nor are there any requirements for physical education为倒装结构。
二、Section 2: Chinese-English Translation (汉译英)
Translate the following passage into English.
(总题数：1，分数：40.00)
2.没有哪家公司乐意听到别人说它败坏了社会风气。上星期参议员罗伯特·多尔质问时代华纳公司经理们时说，“莫非这就是你们要成就的事业吗?你们已经出卖了自己的灵魂，难道还一定要腐蚀整个民族，威胁下一代吗?”不过，对于成立于1990年的时代华纳公司来说，这样的质询只不过是公司自我解剖的最新表白，是在不同时期关系到责任、创作自由和利润等问题的自我检查。
56岁的董事长杰拉尔德·莱文是争论的焦点人物。莱文是在1992年取代已故董事长史蒂夫·罗斯的。财政上，他承受着抬高股价、减少公司巨额债务的压力。在谈定两笔新的有线电视买卖后，债务将达到173亿美元。他已答应出售部分财产，重组公司。然而，投资者正在焦急地等待着。
夸大说唱音乐的作用并未使他的日子好过一些。莱文一直以表达情感为借口捍卫公司的说唱音乐。1992年，公司因出品冰特乐队的狂暴的说唱歌曲《警察杀手》而备受责难时，莱文说，这是街头文化的合法表达形式，它应该有自己的宣泄渠道。
（分数：40.00）
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(No company likes to be told it is contributing to the moral decline of a nation. "Is this what you intended to accomplish with your careers?" Senator Robert Dole asked Time Warner executives last week. "You have sold your souls, but must you corrupt our nation and threaten our children as well?" At Time Warner, however, such questions are simply the latest manifestation of the soul searching that has involved the company ever since the company was born in 1990. It's a self-exami-nation that has, at various times, involved issues of responsibility, creative freedom and the corporate bottom line.
At the core of this debate is chairman Gerald Levin, 56, who took over for the late Steve Ross in 1992. On the financial front, Levin is under pressure to raise the stock price and reduce the company's mountainous debt, which will increase to $17.3 billion after two new cable deals close. He has promised to sell off some of the property and restructure the company, but investors are waiting impatiently.
The flap over rap is not making life any easier for him. Levin has consistently defended the company's rap music on the grounds of expression. In 1992, when Time Warner was under fire for releasing Ice T's violent rap song Cop Killer, Levin described rap as a lawful expression of street culture, which deserves an outlet.)
解析：
Translation 以下为2010年6月份真题： A California bank has an opening for a government relations officer. As an officer of a new, growing department, you will act as the bank’s liaison(联络人) with government officials. The successful candidate will have up to four yea rs’ experience in government relations or public affairs. Strong writing and verbal(口头) skills are essential. College degree required. Banking experience preferred. 加利福尼亚银行现招聘一政府关系主任。作为一个新的成长中的部门的办公人员，该职位职责是负责联络政府官员。成功的应聘者要有长达四年的在政府关系或公共事务方面的工作经验，应有较强的书面和口头表达能力。要求大学专科学历，有银行工作经验者优先。 The Bodleian（博得雷利）Library is the main research library of the University of Oxford（牛津）. It is one of the six national copyright libraries and, as the founder of the library intended, it is a resource that attracts scholars and visitors to Oxford from around the world. Today the Bodleian Library has 30 reading rooms -- with 2,663 reader places -- in ten buildings in central Oxford. The library is granted the right to receive a copy of every book, magazine and newspaper printed in Britain. 博得雷利图书馆是牛津大学主要的研究型图书馆，是六大获得国家版权的图书馆之一，正如该图书馆的创办者所预期的那样，它是吸引世界各地学者和游客来牛津大学的重要原因。如今，博得雷利图书馆在牛津大学中心的十座大楼里拥有30间阅览室，能容纳2663名读者。该图书馆已被授权收藏英国各地印刷出的所有书籍、杂志和报纸的副本。 In this difficult economy, you may find it harder than ever to cope with challenges on the job. Both the stress we take with us when we go to work and the stress that awaits us on the job are on the rise – and employers, managers, and workers all feel the added pressure. While some stress is a normal part of life, excessive stress interfere s with your productivity and reduces your physical and mental health, so it’s important to find ways to keep it under control. Fortunately, there is a lot that you can do to adjust and reduce stress at work. 在这经济困难时期，你可能会发现，比起以往现在更加难以应付工作中的挑战了。去上班时的压力以及工作中随时会出现的压力正在增加-——上至老板，经理，下至员工都感受到了这种额外的压力。一些压力是我们生活中的正常一部分，然而, 过度的压力会影响你的工作效率，损害你的身心健康。因此，找到控制压力的方法就很重要了。庆幸的是，你还是可以找到很多方法来调节和减轻工作压力。 Dialing Instructions to call from China toll free (免费): 1. Dial 010-5263-2483, then hang up after hearing a ring. 2. Our system will call you back within 5 to 10 seconds. 3. When the phone rings, pick it up; 4. Follow the voice prompt (语音提示) to enter your PIN (个人密码). Then dial your number. To call to USA/Canada: Dial 1 + area code + telephone number International call: Dial 011 + Country Code + City Code + Telephone number Please note: This card will only work from a cell phone. 中国免费国际电话拨打指南： 1.拨010-5263-2483，听到铃音后请挂断电话。 2.我们的系统会在5到10秒内给予答复。 3.当电话铃声响时，请接电话。 4.按照语音提示输入个人密码，接着拨你要打的电话号码。
翻译三级笔译实务模拟27 Section Ⅰ English Chinese Translation 1、As the importance of recycling becomes more apparent, questions about it linger. Is it worth the effort? How does it work? Is recycling waste just going into a landfill in China? Here are some answers. It is an awful lot of rubbish. Since 1960 the amount of municipal waste being collected in America has nearly tripled, reaching 245m tonnes in 2005. According to European Union statistics, the amount of municipal waste produced in western Europe increased by 23% between 1995 and 2003, to reach 577kg per person. (So much for the plan to reduce waste per person to 300kg by 2000.) As the volume of waste has increased, so have recycling efforts. In 1980 America recycled only 9.6% of its municipal rubbish ; today the rate stands at 32%. A similar trend can be seen in Europe, where some countries, such as Austria and the Netherlands, now recycle 60% or more of their municipal waste. Britain's recycling rate, at 27%, is low, but it is improving fast, having nearly doubled in the past three years. Even so, when a city introduces a kerbside recycling programme, the sight of all those recycling lorries trundling around can raise doubts about whether the collection and transportation of waste materials requires more energy than it saves. "We are constantly being asked: Is recycling worth doing on environmental grounds?" says Julian Parfitt, principal analyst at Waste & Resources Action Programme (WRAP), a non-profit British company that encourages recycling and develops markets for recycled materials. Studies that look at the entire life cycle of a particular material can shed light on this question in a particular case, but WRAP decided to take a broader look. It asked the Technical University of Denmark and the Danish Topic Centre on Waste to conduct a review of 55 life-cycle analyses, all of which were selected because of their rigorous methodology. The researchers then looked at more than 200 scenarios, comparing the impact of recycling with that of burying or burning particular types of waste material. They found that in 83% of all scenarios that included recycling, it was indeed better for the environment. Based on this study, WRAP calculated that Britain's recycling efforts reduce its carbon-dioxide emissions by 10m-15m tonnes per year. That is equivalent to a 10% reduction in Britain's annual carbon-dioxide emissions from transport, or roughly equivalent to taking 3.5m cars off the roads. Similarly, America's Environmental Protection Agency estimates that recycling reduced the country's
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CATTI三级笔译综合能力考试试题及答案解析(三) 一、Vocabulary Selection（本大题20小题．每题1.0分，共20.0分。In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are four words or phrases respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only one right answer. ） 第1题 Marketing is ______ just distributing goods from the manufacturer to the final customer. A rather than B other than C bigger than D more than 第2题 The magician picked several persons ______ from the audience and asked them to help him with the performance. A by accident B at random C on occasion 第3题 English language publications in China are growing in volume and ______. A circulation B rotation C circumstance D appreciation 第4题
全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语三级笔译实务模拟试题 Part 1 English-Chinese Translation (英译汉) Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET (60 points, 100 minutes). I leave the vault, and as the guard closes the door, a marine archaeologist asks if I want to see anything else. As an example he shows me an astrolabe, a navigation tool that preceded the sextant. Few have survived. "We have three of the oldest known," he says. He directs me to a paper on astrolabes written by a Cuban colleague, who quoted a 16th-century instruction: "He who wants to take the sun with an astrolabe at sea, must be seated near the main mast, the place where the boat oscillates the least and is quiet." I want to take the measure of Cubas past, so I tell the archaeologist I would like to go to the place where the plain things are. I am here not only to see treasures that glitter but also to see and touch objects that illumine moments of the past. Smiling, he takes me into storage rooms where he and other archaeologists preserve cargoes from four centuries of wrecks. Jumbled on these shelves is the stuff of Cubas long reign as counting house and command center for Spains New World colonies. I see knickknacks destined for one of the annual 18th-century trade fairs, where Cubans bought imports from Spain. I also see, pallid from centuries in the sea, dozens of little painted ceramic dogs, lions, cats, and deer later shipped from England. Stacked nearby are sets of dinner dishes, tankards, an hourglass, a bottle of very Old Spanish wine. On another day, in fading light, I walk the ramparts of El Morro, its lighthouse standing tall over Havanas harbor. The old fortress, by day a warren of tourist stops, changes by night, looming deeper into the shadows of Havanas past. As torches light the darkness, I watch Cuban soldiers, costumed as 18th-century Spanish sentries, march along the ramparts of the Castillo de San Carlos and fire a cannon that salutes
1.首先，我们要让他相信这是可能的。 First , we should convince him that it is possible. 2.坏天气仍可能再持续好几天. It remains possible that the bad weather will last for several more days. 3.如果出了问题，谁来负责。 If problems arise , who can be responsible for it . 4.我试图向他解释，但他却生气地转过脸去。 I tried to explain , but he turned away from me in anger. 5.人们通常将阳光视为生命的必要条件之一。 People often view sunshine as one of the necessary conditions for life . 6.我昨天不该喝那么多啤酒的。 I shouldn’t have drunk so much beer yesterday. 7.你本不必过来那么早。会议9点菜开始。 You needn’t have been here so early. The meeting begins at 9 o’clock. 8.过去一遇到问题，她就去找她姐姐帮忙。 She would turn to her sister for help whenever there was a problem. 9.地面时湿的。刚才一定是下过雨了。 The ground is wet .It must have just rained. 10.难道她不该涨工资吗？ Shouldn’t she have a pay-raise? 11.他开会迟到了，大家的目光都集中到他的身上。 He was late for the meeting and all people were focused their eyes on him. 12.他妈妈周末不让他出房门，因为他没做完作业。 His mother confined him to the room for the weekend because he didn’t finish his homework. 13.医生建议我们不要让皮肤过多地暴露在阳光下。 The doctor advice us not to expose our skin to the sunshine too much.
翻译三级笔译实务-1 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟) 一、{{B}}Section Ⅰ English Chinese Translation{{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：60.00) 1.A few weeks back, I asked a 14-year-old friend how she was coping with school. Referring to stress, she heaved a big sigh and said: "Aiyah, anything bad that can happen has already happened." Her friends nearby then started pouring out their woes about which subjects they found hard, and so on. Pessimism again, in these all-too-familiar remarks about Singapore's education system, widely regarded as too results-oriented, and I wonder why I even bothered to ask. The school system of reaching for A's underlies the country's culture, which emphasizes the chase for economic excellence where wealth and status are must-haves. Such a culture is hard to change. So when I read of how the new Remaking Singapore Committee had set one of its goals as challenging the traditional roads to success, encouraging Singaporeans to realize alternative careers in the arts, sports, research or as entrepreneurs, I had my doubts about its success in this area, if not coupled with help from parents themselves. The new Remaking Singapore Committee is a brainchild of the Singaporean Prime Minister, formed to make Singaporeans look beyond the five C's: cash, condos, clubs, credit cards and cars, to help prepare the nation for the future. It is good that the government wants to do something about the country's preoccupation with material success. But it will be a losing battle if the family unit itself is not involved because I believe the committee's success is rooted in a revamp of an entire culture built from 37 years of independence. This makeover has to start with the most basic societal unit—the family. Parents should not drown their children in mantras of I-want-hundred-marks. Tuition lessons are not the be-all and end-all of life. And a score of 70 for a Chinese paper is definitely not the end of life. If ever I become a parent, I will bring my children camping. I will show them that cooking food in a mess tin over a campfire is fun. I will teach them that there is nothing dirty about lying on a sleeping bag over grass. In fact, it is educational because Orion is up there in the night sky with all the other bright stars whose shapes and patterns tell something more than a myth. For instance, they give directions to the lost traveler, I will say. And who knows, my child may become an astronomer years down the road. All because of the nights I spent with him watching the twinkles in the sky. That's my point. Parents should teach their children that there's more to life than studies. Better still if the nation's leaders echo that idea as well. This way, when their children aspire to be the next Joscelin Yeo, they won't feel like they are fighting a losing battle against a society that holds doctors and lawyers in awe. However, the culture that babysits economic excellence is deeply ingrained and so are the mindsets of many parents. But parents can take the cue from the new Remaking Singapore Committee and be aware of giving their children the right kind of education. It is now wait-and-see if, say, 10 years down the road, more would choose alternative careers. Hopefully, by then no one would think sportsmen or musicians as making too big a sacrifice in chasing their dreams. （分数：60.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：() 解析：几个星期前，我问一个14岁的朋友她如何应对自己的学业。谈到压力，她深叹一口气说：“哎呀，这儿事要多糟，有多糟。” 随后，她周围的朋友便开始就他们认为那些难学的学科倾诉自己的苦恼。人们普遍认为，新加坡的教育制度过分注重成绩，而这些孩子耳熟能详的言晤再次表现了对新加坡教育制度的悲观情绪。我不知道自己为什么还要费心一问。追求功课得优的学校体制构成了新加坡文化的基础，这一文化重在追求经济上的杰出成就，而这一成就则体现在一定要获得财富和地位。这种文化是难以改变的。新成立的改造新加坡委员会已将其目标之一确定为向传统的成功之路发起挑战，鼓励新加坡人去从事其它职业，如艺术，体育、研究或成为企业家。当我获知此情时，我怀疑如果没有家长的配合，这方面的改造
2020大学英语三级翻译练习题及答案2020大学英语三级翻译练习题及答案 61．When asked to explain what has happened，John was totally at a loss for words． A．要求约翰对发生过的事情实行解释时，他讲的话让人完全摸不 着头脑。 B．让约翰解释发生过的事情时，约翰完全不知道说什么好。 C．因为约翰完全不知道发生过什么事，所以他就让别人解释给他昕。 D．约翰自己要求要解释发生过的事情，到头来却又一句话也不肯说。 62．Much thought has been given over tlle recent years to ways of keeping meetmgs short. A．近年来人们对于控制会议长度的方法提出了很多想法。 B．最近几年来人们对于如何减少会议数量提出了很多意见。 C．近年来人们对于控制会议长度的方法考虑了很多。 D．如何在最近几年内减少会议数量是很多人都曾考虑过的问题。 63．You are no more capable of speaking Spanish than I am． A．你我都不能和西班牙人交流。 B．你我都不会说西班牙语。 C．你不会说的西班牙语我会说。 D．我们会说的西班牙语一样多。
64．It call often take more time and effort to establish a firm in a foreign market than in the domestic one． A．在国外市场建立一家公司比在国内市场建立一家公司往往要花 费更多的时间和努力。 B．对于一家公司来说，开发国外市场所花费的时间和努力比开发 国内市场要多。 C．只要能够多花点时间和努力，就能够像在国内市场建立公司～ 样在国外市场建立公司。 D．在国外市场经营一家公司比在国内市场经营一家公司往往要花 费更多的时间和努力。 65. John has excellent interpersonal skills and is sociable, patient and a good listener. As a friend, I particularly appreciate his loyalty and sense of humor. I also admire his calmness when facing difficult situations. Therefore, I have no hesitation in recommending him for the position of Training Manager for your company and wish him every success in his application. 61．【答案】【B-A-D-c】 【难点分析】本句中包括一个省略形式的时间状语从句，如果根 据上下文补充出来．应为“when John was asked to explain what has happened”，所以该状语意为“要求约翰解释发生过的事情时”。理解主旬的难点在于对短语at a loss for words的理解，该短语意 为“不知道说什么好，找不到合适的话说”。结合上述分析可知，四 个选项中选项B提供的译文。选项A的问题在于错将at a loss for words译为“话让人摸不着头脑”；选项D同样错解了短语at a loss for words，将其译为“一句话也不肯说”．同时该选项还将时间状语 从句中的被动语态译为主动语态，与原意有较大出入；选项C的译文