2020-2021暨南大学英语翻译硕士专业考研择校，参考书，历年报录
比，考研经验-新祥旭考研辅导
暨南大学外国语学院，前身为暨南大学于1927年创办的外国语言文学系，历史上著名专家学者叶公超、梁实秋、钱钟书、许国璋等教授曾在该系任教。英语语言文学硕士点是暨南大学最早取得硕士学位授予权的硕士点之一，著名学者曾昭科、翁显良、张鸾铃、谭时霖、黄均、黄锡祥等教授先后担任导师。外国语学院充分利用综合性大学学科齐全的优势来培养学生，使之具有扎实的外语基本功、合理的知识结构和较全面的综合素质，在国内的外语水平测试、外语竞赛中屡屡取得优秀成绩。暨南大学外国语学院毕业生就业形势良好，他们基础扎实，潜力大，后劲足，能够胜任外事、外交、外贸、金融、新闻、出版、教育等部门具有挑战性的工作，并有出色表现。
2019年暨南大学英语专业硕士研究生招生专业目录以及计划招生人数
参考书
《翻译硕士英语》
《新东方专八词汇》、《GRE词汇》
《华研的专四语法与词汇》《星火基础英语考点精梳精炼》
《专八阅读》《星火专八作文》
二、《英语翻译基础》
张培基《中国现代散文选》、《散文佳作108篇》、
叶子南《高级英汉翻译理论与实践》、《三笔实务》
三、《汉语百科知识与写作》
《百科知识考点精编与真题剖析》、《中国文化读本》、
《中国文学与中国文化知识应用指南》、新祥旭《汉语写作与百科知识》
考研真题
2018年翻译硕士专业学位研究生入学考试试题(A卷)
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学科、专业名称：翻译硕士专业
研究方向：英语笔译
考试科目名称：翻译硕士英语考试科目代码：211 考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。
I. Vocabulary & Grammar (30%)
Directions: There are 30 sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.
1. People and things that are__________ are able to recover easily and quickly from
unpleasant or damaging events.
A. resilient
B. silient
C. silent
D. resilent
2. We all got a pay rise this month, but there is __________—we are expected to work
longer.
A. the sting in the tail
B. a sting in the tail
C. the sting at the top
D. a sting at the top
3. In education, girls, who were once considered __________a decent education, now outstrip their male counterparts at almost every stage.
A. more worthy of
B. less worthy of
C. more worth
D. less worth
4. He's jogging round the park every morning in an effort to __________the football season.
A. fit of
B. fit for
C. get fit for
D. get fit of
5. A liberal arts college aims to impart a broad general knowledge and develop general __________capacities, in contrast to a professional, vocational, or technical curriculum.
A. intellectual
B. intelligent
C. intellect
D. intelligible
6. Mr. Rajoy has __________ a Socialist proposal to set up a congressional
committee to discuss constitutional reform.
A. agreed with
B. agreed to
C. agreed on D agreed
7. The names of the finalists are__________: Mary, James, and George.
A. as following
B. as follows
C. following
D. as follow
8. The man as well as his ten children __________ leaving soon.
A. is
B. are
C. has
D. have
9. John Joseph Pershing __________in 1919, the first highest rank held by any
American citizen except George Washington.
A. to be a full general
B. he made a full general
C. made a full general
D. was being made a full general
10. It is the mark of an educated mind to rest __________ with the degree of precision
which the nature of the subject __________ and not to seek exactness where only an approximation is possible.
A. fitfully ... allows
B. contentedly ... rejects
C. convivially ...assumes
D. satisfiedly... admits
11. It is odd that many philosophers argue in support of meritocracy that a person's
worth to society is measured by their wealth, when instead people‘s __________ should be measured by their __________ to society.
A. character ...value
B. affluence ... contribution
C. reputation ... consideration
D. behavior ... adjustment
12. The flexibility of film allows the artist ________ unbridled imagination to the
animation of cartoon characters.
A. to bring
B. bringing
C. bring
D. brought
13. Their movements have been severely circumscribed __________.
A. because the laws came into effect
B. since the laws came into effect
C. when the laws came into effect
D. after the laws came into effect
14. It would be difficult for a man of his political affiliation, __________, to become a
senator from the South.
A. though charming and capable is he
B. even with charm and so capable
C. charming and having capability
D. however charming and capable
15. Although she __________ law for only a little over eight years, Florence Allen
became in 1922 the first woman to sit on a state supreme court.
A. will practice
B. practices
C. had practiced
D. has been practiced
16. The development of mechanical timepieces spurred the search for __________
with which to regulate them.
A. more accurate than sundials
B. more accurate sundials
C. sundials more accurately
D. more accurately than sundials
17. Several surgeons cautioned against __________ the new procedure,
__________that patient had been kept in the dark too long about its possible catastrophic consequences.
A. publicizing ...adding
B. adopting ... complaining
C. revising ... advocating
D. eschewing ... pondering
18. Our friends are expected to assume the burden of their own defense, __________
they are competent to do.
A. which we are certain
B. that we are certain of
C. of which we are sure
D. for which we are sure
19. Families like __________ Rockefellers have become synonymous with wealth.
A. a
B. an
C. the
D. /
20. People believe in the resurrection of __________ of a soul which will experience
good or evil according to the life.
A. the dead of the possession
B. the deaths and possession
C. deaths and possessions
D. the dead and the possession
21. ―How did you pay these workers?‖
―Well, as a rule, they were paid __________‖
A. by hours
B. by the hour
C. by an hour
D. by a hour
22. As Socrates was a man of much dignity, with an ________face, it was _______ to
say whether he felt inwardly glad that the end had finally come, or felt sad over the result, and was too manly to show it.
A. obtuse ... difficult
B. unassuming ... intriguing
C. impassible ... impossible
D. authoritative ... challenging
23. ―Did Hana say anything about me in her letter?‖
―Only that she'd appreciate __________ from you.‖
A. to hear
B. hearing
C. to have heard
D. to be heard
24. The university of Georigia, __________ in 1785, was the first state-supported
university in the united states.
A. chartered
B. was chartered
C. it was chartered
D. to be chartered
25. The impact of Thoreau‘s ―On the Duty of Civil Disobedience‖ might not have been
so far-reaching, __________ for Elizabeth Peabody, who dared to publish the controversial essay.
A. it not having been
B. it is not being
C. had it not been
D. is it not being
26. In her writing, Elinor Wylle often dealt with her own personality as it was, rather
than __________.
A. as others defined it
B. other's definitions
C. its definition by others
D. it was defined by others
27. A clever bit of artistry, instead of lengthening the distance between us __________
and the exalted artist, __________ it.
A. layman ... attenuates
B. dilettantes ... repeals
C. knaves ... estimates
D. critics ... advertises
28. Whether 60 or 16, there is in every human being‘s heart __________wonders, the
unfailing __________ what‘s next and the joy of the game of living.
A. the lure for ... appetite of
B. the lure of... appetite for
C. the lure of ... appetite of
D. the lure for ... appetite for
29. The significant __________ found on an old key—―If I rest, I rust‖ —would be an
excellent motto for those who are afflicted with the slightest bit of idleness.
A. inscription
B. description
C. inscript
D. describing
30. It is hard to__________ all the work that must have been involved in starting
off from scratch.
A. conceive for
B. conceive as
C. conceive at
D. conceive of
II. Reading Comprehension (40%)
Directions: This part consists of two sections. In Section A, there are three passages followed by a total of 15 multiple-choice questions. In Section B, there is one passage followed by a total of 5 short-answer questions. Read the passages and write your answers on the Answer Sheet.
Section A Multiple-Choice Questions (30%)
Passage 1
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
The Industrial Revolution had several roots, one of which was a commercial revolution that, beginning as f ar back as the sixteenth century, accompanied Europe‘s expansion overseas. Both exports and imports showed spectacular growth, particularly in England and France. An increasingly larger portion of the stepped-up commercial activity was the result of trade with overseas colonies. Imports included a variety of new beverages, spices, and ship‘s goods around the world and brought money flowing back. Europe‘s economic institutions, particularly those in England, were strong, had wealth available for new investment, and seemed almost to be waiting for some technological breakthrough that would expand their profit-making potential even more.
The breakthrough came in Great Britain, where several economic advantages created a climate especially favorable to the encouragement of new technology. One was its geographic location at the crossroads of international trade. Internally, Britain was endowed with easily navigable natural waterway, which helped its trade and communication with the world. Beginning in the 1770‘s, it enjoyed a boom in canal
building, which helped make its domestic market more accessible. Because water transportation was the cheapest means of carrying goods to market, canals reduced prices and thus increased consumer demand. Great Britain also had rich deposits of coal that fed the factories springing up in industrial and consumer goods.
Another advantage was Britain‘s large population of rural, agricultural wage earners, as well as cottage workers, who had the potential of being more mobile than peasants of some other countries. Eventually they found their way to the cities or mining communities and provided the human power upon which the Industrial Revolution was built. The British people were also consumers; the absence of internal tariffs, such as those that existed in France or Italy or between the German states, made Britain the largest free-trade area in Europe. Britain‘s relatively stable government also helped create an atmosphere conducive to industrial progress.
31. The word ―potential‖ in p aragraph 1 is closet in meaning to ________.
A. rate
B. dominance
C. capacity
D. method
32. According to paragraph 1, all of the following conditions created a favorable environment for the Industrial Revolution EXCEPT ________.
A. an active overseas trade
B. the stability of financial establishments
C. a decline in the types of goods available for export
D. the accessibility of money for investment
33. According to paragraph 2, what enabled the development of British technology?
A. an accessible water transportation system
B. a mild climate and plenty of fresh water.
C. a fuel supply that supported industrial growth.
D. Both A and C.
34. Paragraph 3 suggests that the Industrial Revolution did not originate outside Great
Britain because ________.
A. the labor force in other countries could not as easily relocate to cities.
B. workers in other countries preferred working independently rather than in groups.
C. there was a lack of cooperation between agricultural and cottage workers
in other countries.
D. governments in other countries placed limits on economic gain.
35. The phrase ―conducive to‖ in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ________.
A. controlled by ….
B. favorable to ….
C. restricted to ….
D. dependent on
Passage 2
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.
Tunas, mackerels, and billfishes (marlins, sailfishes, and swordfish) swim
continuously. Feeding, courtship, reproduction, and even "rest" are carried out while in constant motion. As a result, practically every aspect of the body form and function of these swimming "machines" is adapted to enhance their ability to swim.
Many of the adaptations of these fishes serve to reduce water resistance (drag). Interestingly enough, several of these hydrodynamic adaptations resemble features designed to improve the aerodynamics of high-speed aircraft. Though human engineers are new to the game, tunas and their relatives evolved their ―high-tech‖ designs long ago.
Tunas, mackerels, and billfishes have made streamlining into an art form. Their bodies are sleek and compact. The body shapes of tunas, in fact, are nearly ideal from an engineering point of view. Most species lack scales over most of the body, making it smooth and slippery. The eyes lie flush with the body and do not protrude at all. They are also covered with a slick, transparent lid that reduces drag. The fins are stiff, smooth, and narrow, qualities that also help cut drag. When not in use, the fins are tucked into special grooves or depressions so that they lie flush with the body and do not break up its smooth contours. Airplanes retract their landing gear while in flight for the same reason.
Tunas, mackerels, and billfishes have even more sophisticated adaptations than these to improve their hydrodynamics. The long bill of marlins, sailfishes, and swordfish probably helps them slip through the water. Many supersonic aircraft have a similar needle at the nose.
Most tunas and billfishes have a series of keels and finlets near the tail. Although most of their scales have been lost, tunas and mackerels retain a patch of coarse scales near the head called the corselet. The keels, finlets, and corselet help direct the flow of water over the body surface in such as way as to reduce resistance. Again, supersonic jets have similar features.
Because they are always swimming, tunas simply have to open their mouths and water is forced in and over their gills. Accordingly, they have lost most of the muscles that other fishes use to suck in water and push it past the gills. In fact, tunas must swim to breathe. They must also keep swimming to keep from sinking, since most have largely or completely lost the swim bladder, the gas-filled sac that helps most other fish remain buoyant.
36. The word ―enhance‖ in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ________.
A. use
B. improve
C. counteract
D. balance
37. Why does the author mention that Airplanes retract their landing gear while in
flight?
A. To show that air resistance and water resistance work differently from
each other.
B. To argue that some fishes are better designed than airplanes are.
C. To provide evidence that airplane engineers have studied the design of
fish bodies.
D. To demonstrate a similarity in design between certain fishes and airplanes.
38. The word ―sophisticated‖ in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ________.
A. complex
B. amazing
C. creative
D. practical
39. According to paragraph 4, the long bills of marlins, sailfish, and swordfish probably
help these fishes by ________.
A. increasing their ability to defend themselves
B. allowing them to change direction easily
C. increasing their ability to detect odors
D. reducing water resistance as they swim
40. According to the passage, which of the following is one of the reasons that tunas
are in constant motion?
A. They lack a swim bladder.
B. They need to suck in more water than other fishes do.
C. They have large muscles for breathing.
D. They cannot open their mouths unless they are in motion.
Passage 3
Questions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage:
Under the right circumstances, choosing to spend time alone can be a huge psychological blessing. In the 1980s, the Italian journalist and author Tiziano Terzani, after many years of reporting across Asia, holed himself up in a cabin in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. ―For a month I had no one to talk to except my dog Baoli,‖ he wrote in his book A Fortune Teller Told Me. Terzani passed the time with books, observing nature, ―listening to the winds in the trees, watching butterflies, enjoying si lence.‖ For the first time in a long while he felt free from the unending anxieties of daily life: ―At last I had time to have time.‖
Terzani‘s embrace of isolation was relatively unusual: humans have long considered solitude an inconvenience, something to avoid, a punishment, a realm of loners. Science has often associated it with negative outcomes. Freud, who linked solitude with anxiety, noted that, ―in children the first fears relating to situations are those of darkness and solitude.‖ John Cacioppo, a modern social neuro-scientist who has extensively studied loneliness –what he calls ―chronic perceived isolation‖ –contends that, beyond damaging our thinking powers, isolation can even harm our physical health. But increasingly scientists are approaching solitude as something that, when pursued by choice, can prove a therapy.
This is especially true in times of personal disorder, when the instinct is often for people to reach outside of themselves for support. ―When people are experiencing crisis it‘s not always just about you: It‘s about how you are in society,‖ explains Jack Fong, a sociologist at California State Polytechnic University who has studied solitude.
In other words, when people remove themselves from the social context of their lives, they are better able to see how they‘re shaped by that context. Thomas Merton, a
monk and writer who spent years alone, held a similar notion. ―We cannot see things in perspective until we cease to hug them to our breast,‖ he writes in Thoughts in Solitude. ―Peo ple can go for a walk or listen to music and feel that they are deeply in touch with themselves.‖
41. Tiziano Terzani spent a month alone to _______.
A. embrace isolation
B. write a book
C. study butterflies
D. look after his dog
42. The word ―solitude‖ in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ________.
A. growing anxious
B. being helpless
C. feeling empty
D. staying alone
43. The opinions of Freud and Cacioppo are cited to show that _______.
A. children tend to fear darkness and solitude
B. solitude pursued by choice can be a therapy.
C. chronic isolation can harm interpersonal relations
D. solitude has long been linked with negative outcomes.
44. According to Jack Fong, the sense of personal crisis may be influenced by _______.
A. an isolated lifestyle
B. social context
C. low self-esteem
D. mental disorder
45. The main idea of the passage is that _______.
A. solitude should be avoided at all costs.
B. anxieties of daily life may cause personal crisis
C. choosing to spend time alone can be a blessing
D. seeking support is useless for tackling personal crisis.
Section B Short-Answer Questions (10%)
Passage 4
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage:
For the century before Johnson‘s Dictionary was published in 1775, there had been concern about the state of the English language. There was no standard way of speaking or writing and no agreement as to the best way of bringing some order to the chaos of English spelling. Dr Johnson provided the solution.
There had, of course, been dictionaries in the past, the first of these being a little book of some 120 pages, compiled by a certain Robert Cawdray, published in 1604 under the title A Table Alphabeticall ?of hard usuall English wordes‘. Like the various
dictionarie s that came after it during the seventeenth century, Cawdray‘s tended to concentrate on ?scholarly‘ words; one function of the dictionary was to enable its student to convey an impression of fine learning.
Beyond the practical need to make order out of chaos, the rise of dictionaries is associated with the rise of the English middle class, who were anxious to define and circumscribe the various worlds to conquer—lexical as well as social and commercial. It is highly appropriate that Dr Samuel Johnson, the very model of an eighteenth-century literary man, as famous in his own time as in ours, should have published his Dictionary at the very beginning of the heyday of the middle class.
Johnson was a poet and critic who raised common sense to the heights of genius. His approach to the problems that had worried writers throughout the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries was intensely practical. Up until his time, the task of producing a dictionary on such a large scale had seemed impossible without the establishment of an academy to make decisions about right and wrong usage. Johnson decided he did not need an academy to settle arguments about language; he would write a dictionary himself; and he would do it single-handed. Johnson signed the contract for the Dictionary with the bookseller Robert Dosley at a breakfast held at the Golden Anchor Inn near Holborn Bar on 18 June 1764. He was to be paid ￡1,575 in instalments, and from this he took money to rent 17 Gough Square, in which he set up his ?dictionary workshop‘.
James Boswell, his biographer, described the garret where Johnson worked as ?fitted up like a counting house‘ with a long desk running down the middle at which the copying clerks would work standing up. Johnson himself was stationed on a rickety chair at an ?old crazy deal table‘ surrounded by a chaos of borrowed books. He was also helped by six assistants, two of whom died whilst the Dictionary was still in preparation.
The work was immense; filling about eighty large notebooks (and without a library to hand), Johnson wrote the definitions of over 40,000 words, and illustrated their many meanings with some 114,000 quotations drawn from English writing on every subject, from the Elizabethans to his own time. He did not expect to achieve complete originality. Working to a deadline, he had to draw on the best of all previous dictionaries, and to make his work one of heroic synthesis. In fact, it was very much more. Unlike his predecessors, Johnson treated English very practically, as a living language, with many different shades of meaning. He adopted his definitions on the principle of English common law—according to precedent. After its publication, his Dictionary was not seriously rivalled for over a century.
After many vicissitudes the Dictionary was finally published on 15 April 1775. It was instantly recognised as a landmark throughout Europe. ?This very noble work,‘ wrote the leading Italian lexicographer, ?will be a perpetual monument of Fame to the Author, an Honour to his own Country in particular, and a general Benefit to the republic of Letters throughout Europe.‘ The fact that Johnson had taken on the Academies of Europe and matched them (everyone knew that forty French academics had taken forty years to produce the first French national dictionary) was cause for much English celebration.
Johnson had worked for nine years, ?with little assistance of the learned, and without any patronage of the great; not in the soft obscurities of retirement, or under the shelter of academic bowers, but amidst inconvenience and distraction, in sickness and in sorrow‘. For all its faults and eccentricities his two-volume work is a masterpiece and a landmark, in his own words, ?setting the orthography, displaying the analogy, regulating the structures, and ascertaining the significations of English words‘. It is the cornerstone of Standard English, an achievement which, in James Boswell‘s words, ?conferred stability on the language of his country‘.
The Dictionary, together with his other writing, made Johnson famous and so well esteemed that his friends were able to prevail upon King George III to offer him a pension. From then on, he was to become the Johnson of folklore.
46. What was the main purpose of Robert Cawdray‘s dictionary?
47. What led to an increased demand for dictionaries?
48. What does the word ―vicissitudes‖ mean in this context?
49. Why was Johnson‘s Dictionary not seriously rivalled for over a century?
50. How do you describe Dr. Samuel Johnson?
III. Writing (30%)
Directions:In this part you are going to write an essay of about 400-500 words within 60 minutes on the following topic. Write your essay on the Answer Sheet.
On Artificial Intelligence
In March 2016, AlphaGo, a computer program that plays the board game Go, beat Lee Sedol in a five-game match. In recognition of the victory, AlphaGo was awarded an honorary 9-dan by the Korea Baduk Association. At the 2017 Future of Go Summit, AlphaGo beat Ke Jie, the world No.1 ranked player at the time, in a three-game match. After this, AlphaGo was awarded professional 9-dan by the Chinese Weiqi Association.
Considering the development of artificial intelligence, what is your opinion of the above events? In your essay, you need to present your idea clearly and use some specific evidence to support you opinion.
2018年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题(A卷)
******************************************************************************************** 学科、专业名称：英语笔译（专业学位）
研究方向：
考试科目名称：357英语翻译基础
考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。
I. 词语翻译（30%）
1．英译汉（15%）
1) IMF 2) IPO 3) cook the book
4) EMBA 5) profit sharing 6) house security system 7) roaming fee 8) money laundering 9) credit periods
10) death duty 11) opinion sampling 12) feature articles
13) suite deluxe 14) international terminal 15) off-peak season 2．汉译英（15%）
1）自媒体 2）高铁 3）红茶
4）海淘 5）高考 6）亚投行
7）低碳生活 8）众筹 9）点赞
10）散客 11）低头族 12）移动支付
13）除夕 14）跳槽 15）共享单车
II．英汉互译（120%）
1．英译汉（60%）
In B ritish working culture, it‘s important to use the right words in the right situations, she says. ―Set phrases that signal that ?I‘m doing this the right, polite way‘ are more important in British culture‖ than in the US, she says. For example, Brits use th e phrase ?please find attached‘ at 10 times the rate of Americans.
But Murphy found Americans are more likely to say please when they feel there‘s a power imbalance –for example, between parents and children. It‘s likely to make someone feel like you‘re b egging or feeling superior, she says. Instead, Americans place more value on saying ?thank you‘.
―That goes along with the idea that American politeness culture is very solidarity oriented –it‘s about making people feel good about themselves and about eac h other,‖ she says.
While Brits were similar in this sense, Murphy says it has been more important historically for Brits to acknowledge the distance and the roles between people though, she notes, this has been changing in the 21st Century.‖ So what to d o as a newcomer? ―Be super, super aware that any time that anyone‘s doing something that makes you uncomfortable, there‘s a very good chance that‘s not their intention.
―A lot of times, it‘s little things about how people communicate.‖
British politeness d oesn‘t just cover please and thank you –there is also a complicated dance of small talk and conflict resolution that newcomers have to learn to avoid confusion in the office.
The quirks of politeness can even have a price tag. One 2015 survey of 1,000 managers found that over-politeness could be costing British businesses millions, for example, 20% of those polled felt they had not challenged a fraudulent expense claim.
2．汉译英（60%）
不论是伟人，是小人，只要有极强的意志往前干，他便可以做出点事业来。事业的大小虽然不同。可是那股坚强的心力与成功是一样的，全是可佩服的。最可耻的事是光摇旗呐喊，不干真事。只有意志不坚强的人，只有没主张而喜虚荣的人，才去做摇旗呐喊的事。这种事不但没有成功的可能，不但不足以使人们佩服，简直的连叫人一笑的价值都没有。
你们不念书，洋鬼子的知识便永远比你们高，你们的纸旗无论如何打不过老鬼的大炮。你们若是用小炮和鬼子的大炮碰一碰，老鬼子也许笑一笑。你们光是握着小杆，杆上糊着张红纸，拿这张红纸和大炮碰，老鬼子要笑一笑才怪呢！真正爱国的人不这么干！
考试科目：英汉翻译基础共 2 页，第2 页
2018年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题
******************************************************************************************** 学科、专业名称：翻译专业硕士
研究方向：英语笔译
考试科目名称：汉语写作与百科知识(A) 考试科目代码：448
考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。
第一部分：百科知识。（“百科知识”分为两部分，共50分）
（一）选择题：从四个选项中选择正确的一项（25题，每题1分，共25分）。
1. 2017年诺贝尔文学奖获得者石黑一雄是一位日裔英国小说家，除了诺奖，他还曾获得1989
年布克奖、大英帝国勋章、法国艺术及文学骑士勋章等多个奖项，与鲁西迪、奈保尔合称为“英国文坛移民三雄”。以下哪一部小说不是石黑一雄的作品？
A. 《群山淡景》
B. 《浮世画家》
C. 《且听风吟》
D. 《长日将尽》
2. 《溪山行旅图》是中国绘画史上的杰作，此图一改常规构图，迎面耸立、雄壮浑厚的大山
头被置于画面的重要位置，顶天立地，极具质感，造成一种撼人心魄的视觉效果。《溪山行旅图》是以下哪位画家的作品？
A. 北宋张择端
B. 北宋范宽
C. 南唐顾闳中
D. 东晋顾恺之
3. “天下兴亡，匹夫有责”是哪位思想家的名言？
A. 顾炎武
B. 黄宗羲
C. 王夫之
D. 王充
4. 我国煤炭资源主要集中在哪些省？
A. 陕西、新疆、四川
B. 山东、甘肃、新疆
C. 陕西、山西、内蒙
D. 山西、山东、河南
5. 人类第一次登月是在美国东部时间_______ 年7月20下午4时17分42秒，阿姆斯特朗
将左脚小心翼翼地踏上了月球表面，这是人类第一次踏上月球。
A. 1969
B. 1970
C. 1971
D. 1972
6. 西洋管乐器有许多分类方法，一般按照发音的方式方法，分为吹孔气鸣乐器、单簧气鸣乐
器、双簧气鸣乐器和唇簧气鸣乐器。俗称的“黑管”是指哪种乐器？
A. 小号
B. 巴松管
C. 双簧管
D. 单簧管
7. 世界上最长的山脉是_________, 它属于科迪勒拉山系，从北到南全长8900余千米。
A. 洛基山脉
B. 安第斯山脉
C. 高加索山脉
D. 乌拉尔山脉
8. 以下哪个成语的写法有误？
A. 不瘟不火
B. 不刊之论
C. 莫衷一是
D. 默守成规
9. 有关尼罗河、阿姆河、印度河的下列说法，正确的是：
A. 都是外流河
B. 都流经热带沙漠地区
C. 都是沿岸地区，重要的灌溉水源
D. 都是古代文明的摇篮
10. 海洋中等深线最密集的地方是：
A. 海岭
B. 海盆
C. 大陆架
D. 大陆坡
11. 澳门全称为中华人民共和国澳门特别行政区，北邻广东省珠海市，西与珠海市的湾仔和横
琴对望，东与香港隔海相望，相距60公里，南临中国南海。澳门自古以来就是中国领土，最早正式纳入中国版图是在：
A. 秦朝
B. 汉朝
C. 唐朝
D. 宋朝
12. 真正能够反映一个国家对外贸易实际规模的指标是：
A. 对外贸易量
B. 对外贸易额
C. 对外贸易依存度
D. 对外贸易值
13. 《莎乐美》是英国唯美主义作家奥斯卡·王尔德于1893年创作的戏剧，莎乐美的故事最
早记载于《圣经·新约》中的《马太福音》，是以下哪位音乐家把这个故事改编成了家喻户晓的同名歌剧？
A. 威尔第
B. 理查·施特劳斯
C. 普契尼
D. 莫扎特
14. “西风残照，汉家陵阙”一句出自《忆秦娥·箫声咽》一词，王国维在《人间词话》中盛
赞此词，称其“以气象胜”。这首词是以下哪位诗/词人所做？
A. 范仲淹
B. 晏殊
C. 李白
D. 欧阳修
15. 空手道是日本传统格斗术结合琉球武术唐手而形成的，起源于日本武道和琉球的唐手，空
手道有三大禁忌，以下哪一项不属于空手道禁忌？
A. 用脚
B. 用肘
C. 用膝
D. 出击触及对方身体
16. 在《红楼梦》第四十回“史太君两宴大观园，金鸳鸯三宣牙牌令”中，林黛玉所喜欢的一
句诗“留得残荷听雨声”，原诗是出自以下哪位诗人写的诗歌？
A. 白居易
B. 李商隐
C. 王维
D. 张九龄
17. 现代避雷针是以下哪位科学家发明的？他认为闪电是一种放电现象，为了证明这一点，他
在1752年的一个雷雨天，冒着被雷击中的危险，将一个系着长长金属导线的风筝放飞进雷雨云中。
A. 达·芬奇
B. 亚历山大·贝尔
C. 爱迪生
D. 富兰克林
18. 古代中国人在说到年龄的时候常常不用数字表示，而是用专门的称谓来代替。朝杖之年，
耄耋之年是指多少岁？
A. 60至70岁
B. 70至80岁
C. 80至100岁
D. 100岁以上
19. 白鹿洞书院、应天书院、岳麓书院、嵩阳书院，被合称为中国“四大书院”，其中哪一个
书院位于江西？
A. 白鹿洞书院
B. 应天书院
C. 岳麓书院
D. 崇阳书院
20. “天知、神知、我知、子知”，最早是汉代人杨震说的，他说这句话的目的是为了：
A. 拒绝收礼
B. 劝人投案
C. 替人投案
D. 向人发誓
21. 《中华人民共和国国旗法》第十六条规定，在直立的旗杆上升降国旗，应当徐徐升降。升
起时，必须将国旗升至杆顶；降下时，不得使国旗落地。下半旗时，是将国旗下降到什么位置？
A. 旗杆的一半处
B. 下降1米
C. 下降1.5米
D. 间隔杆顶的1/3处
22. 围棋是一种策略性两人棋类游戏，中国古时称“弈”。围棋共有多少个棋子？
A. 360
B. 361
C. 362
D. 365
23. “牛郎织女”的故事是众口皆碑的神话传说，牛郎星属于什么星座？
A. 天琴座
B. 天鹰座
C. 天鹅座
D. 大熊座
24. 社会主义法治理念可以概括为依法治国、执法为民、公平正义、服务大局、党的领导五个
方面的内容。其中“大局”指的是什么？
A. 中国特色社会主义事业
B. 政法工作
C. 行业利益
D. 全省利益
25. 《胡笳十八拍》是古乐府琴曲歌辞，一章为一拍，共十八章，故有此名，其作者是以下哪
位古代才女？
A. 左棻
B. 苏惠
C. 李清照
D. 蔡琰
（二）名词解释题：简要解释下列文章片段中划线部分的名词与术语。（25分）
整个19世纪的法国历史进程影响着欧洲，从1789年法国资产阶级大革命开始，有1830年和1840年的拿破仑执政和拿破仑失败；1848年发生资产阶级革命，法国经历了资产阶级的民主政治；到1870年普法战争和巴黎公社革命。它实际上也标志着整个欧洲19世纪的历史进程，标志着历史发展的新阶段。从艺术发展看，19世纪欧洲的艺术同样是在法国影响下展开的。19世纪法国产生了四个较大的艺术运动：新古典主义、浪漫主义、现实主义，以及印象派和后印象派艺术等诸艺术运动。印象派的名称是无意中产生的，是批评家对首届印象派画展上展出的一幅油画《日出·印象》的贬义评介。他们认为这些画家不会画画，只能画印象。但是印象派画家接受了这个词语，自此他们的展览就以此命名。印象派艺术受日本浮世绘的影响，重视绘画的平面性、装饰性和写意性。日本版画在博览会展出，使法国艺术家大开眼界，因而对日本的绘画一见钟情，尤其是一些年轻的画家，如莫奈、马奈、德加、雷诺阿、西斯莱以及以后的梵高和高更。
简要解释以下名词或术语：
1. 法国资产阶级大革命（5分）
2. 普法战争（5分）
3. 新古典主义（5分）
4. 后印象派艺术（5分）
5. 梵高（5分）
第二部分应用文写作（40分）
著名画家达?芬奇说过：“人的美德的荣誉比他财富的荣誉不知大多少倍。古往今来，帝王公候数不胜数，却没有在我们记忆中留下一丝痕迹，就因为他们只想用庄园和财富留名后世。君不见，多少人在钱财上一贫洗，但在美德上却是真正意义上的豪富呢？”请以《贫穷与富有》为题，为自己写一篇参加全国大学生演讲比赛使用的演讲稿。要求说理透辟，情感充沛，格式正确。（字数：400-450字。）
第三部分现代汉语写作（60分）
阅读下列经典诗词，选择其中之一作为引子，自拟标题，根据诗词中情绪与意境演绎成一篇抒情小说或抒情散文。（1000-1200字左右）
其一：《国风·郑风·将仲子》
将仲子兮，无逾我里，无折我树杞。岂敢爱之？畏我父母。仲可怀也，父母之言亦可畏也。
将仲子兮，无逾我墙，无折我树桑。岂敢爱之？畏我诸兄。仲可怀也，诸兄之言亦可畏也。
将仲子兮，无逾我园，无折我树檀。岂敢爱之？畏人之多言。仲可怀也，人之多言亦可畏也。
其二：菩萨蛮·平林漠漠
——五代·佚名
平林漠漠烟如织，寒山一带伤心碧。
暝色入高楼，有人楼上愁。
玉阶空伫立，宿鸟归飞急，
何处是归程？长亭更短亭。
考研经验分享
关于择校
94年-14年历年考研英语翻译必背词汇（英汉对照） 46) articulate 清晰的表达， 47) by all accounts根据、根据报道；by one’s own account根据某人自己所说，let alone更别提， 48) intensity紧张，abruptly突然地，sudden突然，soft柔和的，passage段落，rarely很少、几乎不，composer作曲家，compose作曲、编写, 49) associate联系， 50) suffer遭受, inevitable不可避免, render转换、使变成； 13年 46) strike打、震撼，for all尽管，style风格，urge需求、督促、鼓励，decoration装饰， 47)sacred神圣的，crude原始、粗糙，as opposed to与相反，shelter避难所， 48) in effect实际上，urban城市，discernible容易看出的，discern看出、识别， 49)blame批评， 50)implicit隐含的，explicit明确的，reference谈到、提及、参考，synthetic人造的； 12年 46) impulse冲动，unification统一、一致， generative生产的、生成的，generate产生， 47) constrain力劝、强迫、限制，constraint限制， 48) filter过滤, cognitive认知的， 49) empirical实证的、根据经验得到的, bias偏见， 50) track跟踪； 11年 46) erroneous错误的，error错误， 47) sustain支持、维持，illusion幻觉，conscious有意识的， 48) justification合理，借口，justify证明是公正的，rationalization合理，exploitation剥削、开发, bottom底， 49) circumstance环境， 50) upside积极的、正面的，contain包含，be up to取决于，array展示、陈列、一系列； 10年 46) rescue拯救，to the effect that大意是说，failed to不能，
2021翻译硕士MTI《英语翻译基础》考研复习笔记 备考
第1章词语翻译 1.1 大纲要求 翻译硕士专业学位教育指导委员会在《翻译硕士专业学位研究生指导性培养方案》中指出，MTI教育的目标是培养高层次、应用型、专业性口笔译人才。MTI教育重视实践环节，强调翻译实践能力的培养。全日制MTI的招生对象为具有国民教育序列大学本科学历（或本科同等学力）人员，具有良好的双语基础。根据《翻译硕士专业学位研究生指导性培养方案》，制定翻译硕士专业学位研究生入学考试大纲。该大纲是各学校自行命题的重要参考依据，对于考生备考有重要的指导意义。 1考试要求 要求考生准确翻译中英文术语或专有名词。 2题型 要求考生较为准确地写出题中的30个汉/英术语、缩略语或专有名词的对应目的语。汉/英文各15个，每个1分，总分30分。考试时间为60分钟。 1.2 应试指南 通过对各高校翻译硕士《357英语翻译基础》真题的归纳分析，我们可大致看出，词语翻译这部分所涉及词汇的领域主要有政治、学术、社会、文化、经济、环境、科学等方面，内容涵盖面非常广。
政治性词汇主要集中在对国际或国内政治机构、组织、协会、会议、著名事件以及项目等的考察。比如广东外语外贸大学曾考到“CPPCC”“UNESCO”“ASEM”“China-ASEAN Expo”“全国人民代表大会”“外交部”“中国证监会”“廉政公署”8个该类词组，中山大学考题考查过“全国人民代表”“哥本哈根计划”“金砖五国”“东南亚国家联盟”“Universal Suffrage”“Bilateralism”“Air Force One”“Kyoto Protocol”“Air Defense Identification Zone”“Occupy Central”“Liaison Office”等12个政治方面术语和名称的翻译，同时，这也是其他学校必考项之一，因此考生应重点掌握。 学术类词汇主要涉及翻译领域，分别是翻译理论和语言学知识。考生应该在理解理论和知识的基础上对重点术语加强记忆。这部分知识考察的重点程度因学校而异，根据分析，理工类学校的英语专业比较重视这两类知识的考察，如北京航空航天大学超过三分之二的词汇翻译都集中在翻译和语言学术语，而综合性和文科类学校则对学术类词汇着墨较少。 社会类词汇指跟公民生活或社会发展相关的词汇，包括人权、社会政策、医疗卫生、媒体网络等方面。如北京外国语大学考到的“比特币”“狗仔队”“富二代”“互联互通”“量化宽松政策”“埃博拉病毒”“地沟油”“真人秀”和“逆袭”，中南大学考到的“建设节约型社会”“公益性文化事业”“自主创业”，都属于这一类。对付这类词汇，要求考生切实关注关系到国计民生的各项新闻和政策，了解社会的发展趋势。了解这些社会问题的一个很好的途径是通过英文版报纸和杂志，如《中国日报》等，这些报纸是中国传达其政策信息的窗口，社会新词一般都会首先通过这些媒体出现，把握好这些窗口，也就把握到了社会类词汇的源头。
历年考研英语翻译常考词汇汇总 A Abstract n.摘要，概要，抽象adj.抽象的，深奥的，理论的 Accelerate vt.&vi.（使）加快，（使）增速，n.接受速成教育的学生 Achievement n.成就；成绩；功绩，达到；完成 Acquire vt.得到，养成，vt获得；招致，学得（知识等），求得，养成（习惯等），捕获，Action n.作用，动[操]作，行动，机械装置[作用]，（小说等中的）情节 Activity n.活动，活动的事物，活动性，机能，功能 Actually adv.现实的，实际的；目前的；明确的，有效的 Additional adj.增加的，额外的，另外的 Advance vt.&vi.（使）前进，（使）发展；促进，vt.提出 Advantage n.利益，便利，有利方面，有利条件；优点；优势， （网球等）打成平手（deuce）而延长比赛后一方先得的一分（攻方所得称advantage in，守方所得则称advantage out） Agree vi.一致；相合同意，赞成约定，允诺，答应，相宜，调和，符合，和睦相处 Almost adv.几乎，差不多，差一点；将近 Amount n.量，数量，数额，总额，总数vi.合计，共计 Approach vt.&vi.接近，走近，靠近；vt.接洽，交涉；着手处理；n.靠近，接近，临近 Appropriate adj.适当的，恰当的；vt.挪用；占用；盗用 Argue vt.&vi.争吵，辩论；vt.坚决主张，提出理由证明，说服，劝说 Arise vi.&link v.呈现；出现；发生；vi.起身，起来，起立 Aspect n.方面，方位，朝向 Assert vt.声称，断言，维护，坚持 Assume vt.假设，臆断，猜想，假装，担，担任，就职
2016年翻译硕士考研解析英语翻译基础 一、名词： NASA FBI UNESCO CCTV(不是中国中央电视台) IAEA FDI Diet of Japan The Tories The Treasury Department of the U.S. The State Department in the Washington Balance of Payments pos machine销售终端机 APEC亚洲太平洋经济合作组织 chartered airplane包机 makeshift hospital临时医院 quantitative easing量化宽松 down payment requirement首付 deposit reserve requirement ratio存款准备金率 PPI生产者物价指数 product placement ads产品植入广告 港人治港 全面建设小康社会 中国特色社会主义 构建两岸关系和平发展的框架
祸从口入 知足常乐 水火无情 一蹶不振 黑帮sinister gang 经济刺激方案economic stimulus plan 留守儿童unattended children/left-behind children/Stay-at-home Children 降半旗致哀fly a flag at half-staff as a sign of mourning 厨房重地闲人免进kitchen area,no admittance/staff only 紧俏型轿车hard-to-get cars/cars in short supply 无党派人士non-party personage/person with no political affiliation 包容经济inclusive economy 二、英译汉： A、死海的介绍。 B、剑桥的心理学家和计算机学家开发的移动电话技术，用于研究通话人的情绪，通话时间与地点的关系。 三、汉译英：两篇，每篇4行左右，较短。内容如下： A、网球是运动的芭蕾。广州网球中心的舞台是兼有力和美的动感舞台。集竞技与休闲为中心。2个网球场错落有致，形成有张力的轮廓，契合运动的动感美。 B、漓江，无数仁人志士寻找灵感的地方。两岸是连绵的山峰，秀丽的河水上倒映着魔幻般的美景，宛如神话。山峰在薄雾的笼罩下时隐时现。泛舟漓江，每一个转弯处都有新奇：或是懒洋洋的水牛在拉水车，或是渔夫在狭窄的竹筏上悠闲自得。 一、关于MTI 学硕和专硕的区别可以百度，目前的形式是国家要把学硕和专硕的比例变为3：7（今年已经是这样）。翻译专业MTI确实很热，虽然开设院校越来越多，但水平却是参差不齐，第一批第二批水平有目共睹，确实有实
https://www.doczj.com/doc/d3802869.html,/new/shengtsinghua 考研大作文只用写一句话就可以得18分 省省清华QQ: 867209142 关于一句话万能模板的几个问题： 1.万能，整片模板200多单词，只要写1句话填写3个关键词就可以适合任何一年考研话题作文。 2.高分，里面的遣词造句都是精心之作，句式多变、用词高级、语言地道，正常考生考场上几乎不可能写出如此高水平的作文，得高分在情理之中。 3.节省考场时间，考场上默写一篇背熟的作文要比自己写一篇作文至少节省20分钟，为自己节省宝贵的考研时间用来做其他题目。 4.节省复习时间，有了作文模板就不用再为考研大作文复习花时间。 历年考研 英语翻译题词组汇总 考研大作文只用写一句话就可以得18分 文章来源：https://www.doczj.com/doc/d3802869.html,/new/shengtsinghua 整理：省省清华 1990年 1. be determined by 由…所决定 2. have something to do with 与…有关 3. be central to sth. 是…的核心 4. in contrast/by contrast 与此相反 5. be due to 由于（常做表语） 6. be deprived of 被剥夺 7. respond to 对…作出反应 8. as the basis of 依据/根据 9. be born with 天生具有 10. In contrast 相比之下 1991年 11. shut off 关上，停止，切断 12. in any case=at any rate 不管怎样，无论 如何； in no case 决不 13. or so 大概，大约 14. at the rate of 以…的速率 15. take time 花费时间 16. be likely to 可能；倾向于 17. result in 导致 18. not nearly 远不能；远非 19. head into 走向；陷入（危机） 20. in the matter of 关于；就…而言 21. make…possible 使…成为可能 22. combine…with 把……和…结合起来；加上 23. in the fashion of 以…方式 24. such…as 像…一样
1990年 1. be determined by 由…所决定 2. have something to do with 与…有关 3. be central to sth. 是…的核心 4. in contrast/by contrast与此相反 5. be due to 由于（常做表语） 6. be deprived of 被剥夺 7. respond to 对…作出反应 8. as the basis of 依据/根据 9. be born with 天生具有 10. In contrast 相比之下 1991年 11. shut off 关上，停止，切断 12. in any case=at any rate 不管怎样，无论如何； in no case 决不 13. or so 大概，大约 14. at the rate of 以…的速率 15. take time 花费时间 16. be likely to 可能；倾向于
17. result in 导致 18. not nearly 远不能；远非 19. head into走向；陷入（危机） 20. in the matter of 关于；就…而言 21. make…possible 使…成为可能 22. combine…with 把……和…结合起来；加上 23. in the fashion of 以…方式 24. such…as 像…一样 1992年 25. refer to…提到；谈到 26. agreement on 一致意见 27. be comparable to 和…相当；犹如 28. in terms of 根据；按照；在…方面 29. on the whole 总体来说；大体上看 30. draw a conclusion 得出结论 31. have the attitude towards 对…的态度 32. only if 只要 33. the same…as 与…一样 34. by lack of=for lack of 因为缺乏
2017考研英语一翻译真题解析 跨考教育英语教研室—王坤2017年考研英语一的翻译题型部分，整体来说难度不大，与2016年难度基本持平，考察的是英语语言发展情况，文章选自英国文化教育协会的一本书，叫《英语下一步》。英语一的考题是此书的序言部分。下面就是跨考英语教研室的英语老师对2017年考研英语一翻译真题的最新解析和参考译文。 (46)But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future. 参考译文：但是，尽管使用英语者的人数在不断增加/说英语的人越来越多，却仍然有迹象表明，英语语言的全球主导地位在不久的将来/可预见的未来也许会慢慢衰退。 句子解析：本句很简单，主句是there be 结构，主句前是让步状语，signs 后面是that引导的同位语从句，对signs进行进一步的补充说明。同位语从句中是主谓结构，the global predominance of the language 是主语，may fade 是谓语，within结构是时间状语。expands的词义不应该选择常用的“扩展”意思，而应该结合前面和它搭配的number，而选择“增加”的意思。 (47)His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generation of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.
北京外国语大学2014年硕士研究生入学考试试题 招生专业：翻译硕士（英语口、笔译）科目名称：英语翻译基础 (考试时间3小时，满分150分，全部写在答题纸上，答在试题页上无效） I.Translate the following terms into Chinese(15points,1point each): 1.UNDP- 2.OECD countries 3.bailout loans 4.EBITA 5.venture capital 6.telepresence 7.carbon footprint 8.forensic medicine 9.key encryption technology 10.United Arab Emirates 11.extradition treaty 12.seismic monitoring 13.procrastination 14.flip phone' 15.Mack Daddy II.Translate the following terms into English(15points,1point each): 1.大部制 2.石油输出国组织 3.生物圈 4.涨停板 5.浮动汇率 6.计划免疫 7.学生减负 8.通识教育 9.B超 10.自媒体 11.土地承载能力 12.小产权房 13.土豪 14.胶原蛋白 15.经济适用男 III.Translate the following passages into Chinese(60points) 1.Never before had the world such a tremendous scientific-technical potential,such
历年考研英语翻译词组汇总1990年 1. be determined by 由…所决定 2. have something to do with 与…有关 3. be central to sth. 是…的核心 4. in contrast/by contrast与此相反 5. be due to 由于（常做表语） 6. be deprived of 被剥夺 7. respond to 对…作出反应 8. as the basis of 依据/根据 9. be born with 天生具有 10. In contrast 相比之下1991年 11. shut off 关上，停止，切断 12. in any case=at any rate 不管怎样，无论如何； in no case 决不 13. or so 大概，大约 14. at the rate of 以…的速率 15. take time 花费时间 16. be likely to 可能；倾向于 17. result in 导致 18. not nearly 远不能；远非 19. head into走向；陷入（危机） 20. in the matter of 关于；就…而言 21. make…possible 使…成为可能 22. combine…with 把……和…结合起来；加上 23. in the fashion of 以…方式 24. such…as 像…一样 1992年 25. refer to…提到；谈到 26. agreement on 一致意见 27. be comparable to 和…相当；犹如 28. in terms of 根据；按照；在…方面 29. on the whole 总体来说；大体上看 30. draw a conclusion 得出结论 31. have the attitude towards 对…的态度
2019年考研英语一翻译 Part C Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points) It was only after I started to write a weekly column about the medical journals,and began to read scientific papers from beginning to end,that I realised just how bad much of the medical literature frequently was.I came to recognise various signs of a bad paper:the kind of paper that purports to show that people who eat more than one kilo of broccoli a week were1.17times more likely than those who eat less to suffer late in life from pernicious anaemia.(46)There is a great deal of this kind of nonsense in the medical journals which,when taken up by broadcasters and the lay press,generates both health scares and short-lived dietary enthusiasms. 我是在开始撰写有关医学期刊的每周专栏评论文章，并因此而从头到尾阅读相关科学论文之后，才意识到医学文献常常是多么糟糕。我逐渐摸索出了识别拙劣论文的种种方法：这类文章宣称，一周吃一公斤花椰菜的人晚年患恶性贫血的概率要增加1.17倍。（46）这种无稽之谈充斥各类医学期刊，某些广播公司和非专业出版物一宣传，便制造出健康恐慌，掀起短暂的所谓健康饮食狂澜。 Why is so much bad science published?A recent paper,titled“The Natural Selection of Bad Science”,published on the Royal Society’s open science website,attempts to answer this intriguing and important question.It says that the problem is not merely that people do bad science,but that our current system of career advancement positively encourages it.What is important is not truth,but publication,which has become almost an end in itself.There has been a kind of inflationary process at work: (47)nowadays anyone applying for a research post has to have published twice the number of papers that would have been required for the same post only10years ago.Never mind the quality,then,count the number. 为何如此多的劣质文章能得以发表呢？英国皇家学会的官方网站最近刊载了一篇题为《劣质科研论文的自然选择》的文章，试图回答这一让人百思不得其解的重要问题。文章称，问题不在于人们要写这种质量低下的文章，而是我们现今的职称晋升评价体系鼓励人们这样做。重要的不是文章是否探讨真理，而是文章能否发表，发表文章本身成了写文章的目的。一股文章高产之风业已形成：（47）现如今，要想申请一个研究岗位，就必须发表两倍于十年前申请同一岗位的文章。文章质量就不用操心了，数量才是重要的。 (48)Attempts have been made to curb this tendency,for example,by trying to incorporate some measure of quality as well as quantity into the assessment of an applicant’s papers.This is the famed citation index,that is to say,the number of
2013年同济大学357英语翻译基础考研试题 回忆版） ） 英语翻译基础考研试题（ （回忆版 英译汉 the conclusion of the interpreting performance zero tariff presidential suite 还有什么节能减排 户口登记 公告服务什么的，实在记不清了- - 一共 10个 汉译英 招牌菜 中国共产党中央纪律检查委员会 政治局候补委员 收到信 用证后30天装运 品质检验证书 莫言的代表作《丰乳肥臀》 化境 还有三个不记得了 段落翻译，两段英译汉两段汉译英，第一段英译汉好像应该是各种地名，各 种不会翻- -各种瞎写- -第二段不记得了 汉译英第一篇讲中药，第二篇讲教育 子女 翻译评论，给了一段中文以及对这段文章的两篇翻译，要求评论译文的优缺 点什么的，一直知道有这个题，但也一直不知道怎么写- -就随便写了写，中文 写，第二个是问你translator 和interpreter 的基本素质 ，英文写
第一题为中英词语互译，不过从去年的30分增加到45分，包括10个英译中1.5分一个共15分，15个中译英，一个2分共30分。 英译中大致有 A-share daily fluctuation limit ,presidential suite,工业结构调整节能减排进程，深化土地与户籍制度改革，........ 中译英：论文写作中的不端行为，招牌菜，色香味形俱全，航空母舰，中央政治局候补委员，化境，莫言的代表作丰乳肥臀，收到信用凭证后30天后装运，售后消费者支持（记不清了），好多个都不会写或者把关键词写作了.......（想起来后再补充） 第二题篇章翻译，英译中，中译英各2篇，每篇20分，共80分。 英译中第一篇好像是篇演讲，内容不难，但是地名都不会翻，只会一个布鲁克林。第二篇是经贸类文章，大致是海外建立子公司，海外投资生产，服务设施云云，公司行为区分一大步一小步云云，时间紧，这篇翻的乱七八糟。 中译英第一篇，关于中药，人们对化学药品有副作用和诊断认识的转变时人们更倾向于自然地方式，这为中药拓展市场提供了有利条件。同仁堂人的目标云云，加快研发服务全人类云云。 中译英第二篇，小散文一个，主要是讲作者对一些母亲对孩子的观念的批判，然后自己怎样做云云，悲催的是化妆师这个词忘了怎么写了，想了半天终于写了个错的上去。开始的时候没看完全文就翻，最后才发现作者的孩子是个女孩，赶紧把he改成了she，真囧大了。 第三题25分，15分的翻译评论，一篇中文后有两篇译文，比较两
考研英语十年真题大作文（2002-2011） 一、题目 2002 Directions: Study the following picture carefully and write an essay entitled “Cultures---National and International” In the essay you should 1.describe the picture and interpret its meaning, and 2.give your comments on the phenomenon. You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET II. 2003 Directions: Study the following pictures carefully and write an essay about 200 words based on the following 1.describe the set of drawings and interpret its meaning 2.point out its implications in our life. 2004 Directions: Study the following drawing carefully and write an essay in which you should 1. describe the drawing. 2. interpret its meaning, and 3. support your view with examples. You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.
1、1994年 Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. According to the new school of scientists, technology is an overlooked force in expanding the horizons of scientific knowledge. (71) Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tools. (72) "In short" , a leader of the new school contends, "the scientific revolution, as we call it, was largely the improvement and invention and use of a series of instruments that expanded the reach of science in innumerable directions. " (73)Over the years, tools and technology themselves as a source of fundamental innovation have largely been ignored by historians and philosophers of science. The modern school that hails technology algues that such masters as Galileo, Newton, Maxwell, Einstein, and inventors such as Edison attached great importance to, and derived great benefit from, craft information and technological devices of different kinds that were usable in scientific experiments. The centerpiece of the argument of a technology-yes , genius-no advocate was an analysis of Galileo' s role at the start of the scientific revolution. The wisdom of the day was derived from Ptolemy, an astronomer of the second century, whose elaborate system of the sky put Earth at the center of all heavenly motions. (74)Galileo' s greatest glory was that in 1609 he was the first person to turn the newly invented telescope on the heavens to prove that the planets revolve around the sun rather than around the Earth. But the real hero of the story, according to the new school of scientists, was the long evolution in the improvement of machinery for making eyeglasses . Federal policy is necessarily involved in the technology vs. genius dispute. (75)Whether the Government should increase the financing of pure science at the expense of technology or vice versa (反之) often depends on the issue of which is seen as the driving force. 精美译文 新学派的科学家认为，技术是扩大科学知识的范围中被忽视的力量。（71）他们说，科学的发展与其说源于天才伟人的真知灼识，不如说源于改进了的技术和工具等等更为普通的东西。（72）新学派的一位领袖人物坚持说:“简言之，我们所称谓的科学革命，主要是指一系列器具的改进、发明和使用，这些改进、发明和使用使科学发展的范围无所不及。 （73）工具和技术本身作为根本性创新的源泉多年来在很大程度上被科学史学家和科学思想家们忽视了。为技术而欢呼的现代学派争辩说，像伽利略、牛顿、麦克斯威尔、爱因斯坦这样的科学大师和像爱迪生这样的发明家十分重视科学实验中能使用的各种不同的工艺信息和技术装置并从中受益匪浅。 鼓吹技术第一、天才第二的论据的核心是分析了科学革命初期伽利略的作用。那时的聪明才智取自第二世纪的天文学家托勒密;了精心创立的太空体系把地球置于所有天体运动的中心。（74）伽利略的最光辉的业绩在于他在1609年第一个把新发明的望远镜对准天空，
2010.02 College English 研英语翻译部分是一篇400字左右组成的文章，其中包含5个划线句子，要求30分钟内准确、完整、通顺地译为汉语。作为限时完成的测试科目，考研英语翻译难度较大，众多非英语专业考生普遍感到头疼。本文通过对近十几年来考研英译汉 真题的分析，根据其特点提出了一些解题技巧。 1.试题特点 考研英语翻译的短文内容大多涉及社会生活、政治、经济、文化等题材，且体裁基本上都是议论文。通过对最近十几年来考研英语翻译的真题分析，笔者从英汉两种语言对比的角度概括了三大特点。 1.1英语重形合句子结构严谨 英语句子以形连表意连，重句法结构，主语十分重要，理解时要抓住主谓关系，否则很难理解。尤其复合句，一定要看清主句和各分句的主谓结构。 1.2英语多被动结构 英语中被动句比汉语多，尤其是科技英语。从最近十几年的考研英译汉真题中笔者发现被动结构的出现频率相当高，2002年的 5个句子中全都出现了被动结构。 1.3英语多从句，句子长且结构复杂 英语通过一整套系统语法结构组合成句子，还可通过增加限制成分、修饰语以及补充成分使句子变长、变复杂。考研英语翻译题几乎都是长而复杂的句子。 2.考生在解题中的问题 笔者通过问卷调查分析，发现考生在解题时主要有以下几个方面的问题：英语基本功不扎实，理解不透；缺乏基本翻译常识，不 懂翻译技巧；中文表达能力不强，意思表达不清。在英译汉过程中，理解与表达互相联系，理解是表达的前提，表达是理解的结果。因此可将存在的问题归为理解、表达。 2.1理解问题 翻译的第一阶段是理解，理解是最关键、基本的环节。考研英语试题句子结构都比较复杂，且很多修饰短语穿插于主要结构之间，有时还有省略，代词指代关系模糊，加之文章所谈主题、语境、语篇等因素，都会对理解造成巨大障碍。但在以上所提的诸多因素中，句子结构应是主要矛盾。 2.2表达问题 表达是指在正确理解原文的基础上，准确而通顺地再现原文思想内容。表达过程实际上是语言加工过程。理解是表达的基础，表达是理解的结果。但是对原文的正确理解并不意味着一定会有正确的表达。译文既要符合原文所表达的思想，又要求符合汉语的行文规范，还要重视语境，注意逻辑，避免文理不通，搭配不当，使译文生涩难懂。 3.考研英语翻译技巧 下面引用历年真题，介绍一些基本的翻译技巧，使考生能看得懂，学得会，用得上。 3.1定语从句的翻译 考研英语翻译解析 浙江师范大学外国语学院 赖慧云 考 笤考试专栏笤 60
翻译硕士（MTI）357英语翻译基础考研名校考研真题 北京外国语大学2012年英语翻译基础考研真题及详解 I.Translate the following terms into Chinese.(15points,1point each) 1.TPP 2.Bretton Woods system 3.magnetic resonance imaging 4.Fukushima 5.carbon credit 6.credit rating 7.consulate-general 8.SDR(Special Drawing Rights) 9.anti-monopoly legislation 10.incubation period 11.total fertility rate 12.fuel cell 13.soil alkalization 14.Memorandum of Understanding 15.offshore oil drilling Ⅱ.Translate the following terms into English.(15points,1point each)
1.辛亥革命 2.创业板市场 3.幸福指数 4.蚁族 5.择校费 6.主权债务危机 7.海峡交流基金会 8.京沪高铁 9.限购令 10.经济适用房 11.平板电脑 12.权利下放 13.保值储蓄 14.挖墙脚 15.贪多嚼不烂 Ⅲ.Translate the following passages into Chinese.(60points) 1.The Center,for the Implementation of Public Policies Promoting Equity and Growth(CIPPEC)is a leading think tank in Argentina.It is a private,non-profit organization that strives to create a more just,democratic and efficient public sector in Argentina,and is devoted to the study of the education,health,fiscal, political,judicial and public management systems,in order to determine needs,
1996年英译汉试题 (1)Some of these causes are completely reasonable results of social needs. Others are reasonable consequences of particular advances in science being to some extent self-accelerating. (2)This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail. (3)This seems mostly effectively done by supporting a certain amount of research not related to immediate goals but of possible consequence in the future. (4)However, the world is so made that elegant systems are in principle unable to deal with some of the world's more fascinating and delightful aspects. (5)New forms of thought as well as new subjects for thought must arise in the future as they have in the past, giving rise to new standards of elegance. 1997年英译汉试题 (6)Actually, it isn't, because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights, which is something the world does not have. (7)Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract, as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements. (8)It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset: it invites you to think that animals should be treated either with the consideration humans extend to other humans, or with no consideration at all. (9)Arguing from the view that humans are different from animals in every relevant respect, extremists of this kind think that animals lie outside the area of moral choice. (10)When that happens, it is not a mistake: it is mankind's instinct for moral reasoning in action, an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at. 1998年英译汉试题 (11)But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past, for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago.