【真题达标组】
A
(2019全国卷Ⅱ， C)
Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beach's Bar Louie counter by herself, quietly reading her e－book as she waits for her salad. What is she reading? None of your business! Lunch is Bechtel's “me” time. And like more Americans, she's not alone.
A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half(53 percent)have breakfast alone and nearly half (46 percent) have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore,74 percent，according to statistics from the report.
“I prefer to go out and be out. Alone，but together，you know？”Bechtel said，looking up from her book. Bechtel，who works in downtown West Palm Beach，has lunch with coworkers sometimes，but like many of us，too often works through lunch at her desk. A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder. She returns to work feeling energized. “Today，I just wanted some time to myself，” she said.
Just two seats over，Andrew Mazoleny，a local videographer，is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he's on a first－name basis if he wants to have a little interaction(交流). “I reflect on how my day's gone and think about the rest of the week，” he said. “It's a chance for self－reflection. You return to work recharged and with a plan.”
That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one，but those days are over. Now，we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. “It doesn't feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology，” said Laurie Demerit, whose company provided the statistics for the report.
( )1.What are the statistics in paragraph 2 about?
A．Food variety.
B．Eating habits.
C．Table manners.
D．Restaurant service.
( )2.Why does Bechtel prefer to go out for lunch?
A．To meet with her coworkers.
B．To catch up with her work.
C．To have some time on her own.
D．To collect data for her report.
( )3.What do we know about Mazoleny?
A．He makes videos for the bar.
B．He's fond of the food at the bar.
C．He interviews customers at the bar.
D．He's familiar with the barkeeper.
( )4.What is the text mainly about?
A．The trend of having meals alone.
B．The importance of self－reflection.
C．The stress from working overtime.
D．The advantage of wireless technology.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，列举了越来越多人喜欢单独吃饭的现象，并解释了原因。
1．B 细节理解题。文章第二段主要是一篇关于各种饮食习惯的比例分析报告，故选B。
2．C 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Today，I just wanted some time to myself…”可知出去吃午餐是为了有点儿自己的时间，故选C。
3．D 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper…”可知他与酒吧老板相熟，故选D。
4．A 主旨大意题。本文主要反映了现在越来越多的人习惯于独自用餐，形成一种趋势，故选A。
B
(2018，北京卷，A)
My First Marathon(马拉松)
A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train.Yet, I was determined to go ahead.
I remember back to my 7th year in school.In my first P．E.class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball.I didn't do either well.He later informed me that I was “not athletic”．
The idea that I was “not athletic” stuck with me for years.When I started running in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic.It was all about the battle against my own body and mind.A test of wills!
The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldn't even find the finish line.I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself.
Shortly after crossing the start line, my shoe laces(鞋带) became untied.So I stopped to readjust.Not the start I wanted!
At mile 3, I passed a sign: “GO FOR IT, RUNNERS！”
By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly.Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.
By mile 21, I was starving!
As I approached mile 23, I could see my wife waving a sign.She is my biggest fan.She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a．m.or questioned my expenses on running.
I was one of the final runners to finish.But I finished! And I got a medal.In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.
Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签), I can now call myself a “marathon winner”．
( )5.A month before the marathon, the author ________.
A．was well trained
B．felt scared
C．made up his mind to run
D．lost hope
( )6.Why did the author mention the P．E.class in his 7th year?
A．To acknowledge the support of his teacher.
B．To amuse the readers with a funny story.
C．To show he was not talented in sports.
D．To share a precious memory.
( )7.How was the author's first marathon?
A．He made it.
B．He quit halfway.
C．He got the first prize.
D．He walked to the end.
( )8.What does the story mainly tell us?
A．A man owes his success to his family support.
B．A winner is one with a great effort of will.
C．Failure is the mother of success.
D．One is never too old to learn.
【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了自己第一次跑马拉松，凭借自己的意志力成功跑完全程的励志故事。
5．C 细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句“Yet, I was determined to go ahead.”可知，马拉松赛前一个月尽管作者脚踝受伤使得训练时间缩短，但作者仍下定决心参赛。故选C。
6．C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“I didn't do either well.He later informed me that I was ‘not athletic’．”可知，作者提到7年级的事情是为了证明自己真的没有运动天赋。故选C。
7．A 细节理解题。根据文章第10段“I was one of the final runners to finish.But I finished! And I got a medal.In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place
had.”可知，作者坚持到了最后，而且得到了一块奖牌，虽然不是第一名，由此可见他成功地跑完了马拉松。故选A。
8．B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者在讲述自己跑马拉松的经历，再根据最后一段“Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签), I can now call myself a ‘marathon winner’．”可知，作者成功跑完马拉松源于自己的意志。故选B。
C
(2018，天津卷，C)
There's a new frontier in 3D printing that's beginning to come into focus: food.Recent development has made possible machines that print, cook, and serve foods on a mass scale.And the industry isn't stopping there.
Food production
With a 3D printer, a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake.Not everybody can do that — it takes years of experience, but a printer makes it easy.A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to “re－create forms and pieces” of food that are “exactly the same，” freeing cooks to complete other tasks.In another restaurant, all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D－printed，rather than farm to table.
Sustainability(可持续性)
The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050, and some analysts estimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels.Sustainability is becoming a necessity.3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution.Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids (水解胶体) from plentiful renewables like algae(藻类) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients(烹饪原料).3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions.Grocery stores of the future might stock “food” that lasts years on end, freeing up shelf space and reducing transportation and storage requirements.
Nutrition
Future 3D food printers could make processed food healthier.Hod Lipson, a professor at Columbia University, said, “Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized nutritional content, like vitamins.So instead of eating a piece of yesterday's bread from the supermarket, you'd eat something baked just for you on demand.”
Challenges
Despite recent advancements in 3D food printing, the industry has many challenges to overcome.Currently, most ingredients must be changed to a paste(糊状物) before a printer can use them, and the printing process is quite time－consuming, because ingredients interact with each other in very complex ways.On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad.Some experts are skeptical
about 3D food printers, believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high－end restaurants.
( )9.What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production?
A．It helps cooks to create new dishes.
B．It saves time and effort in cooking.
C．It improves the cooking conditions.
D．It contributes to restaurant decorations.
( )10.What can we learn about 3D food printing from Paragraph 3?
A．It solves food shortages easily.
B．It quickens the transportation of food.
C．It needs no space for the storage of food.
D．It uses renewable materials as sources of food.
( )11.According to Paragraph 4, 3D－printed food ________.
A．is more available to consumers
B．can meet individual nutritional needs
C．is more tasty than food in supermarkets
D．can keep all the nutrition in raw materials
( )12.What is the main factor that prevents 3D food printing from spreading widely?
A．The printing process is complicated.
B．3D food printers are too expensive.
C．Food materials have to be dry.
D．Some experts doubt 3D food printing.
( )13.What could be the best title of the passage?
A．3D Food Printing: Delicious New Technology
B．A New Way to Improve 3D Food Printing
C．The Challenges for 3D Food Production
D．3D Food Printing: From Farm to Table
【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普类短文。文章主要介绍了3D打印技术在食物上的应用取得的进展，但目前仍面临着许多方面的挑战。
9．B 推理判断题。根据文章Food production中叙述了没有经验的人可以用3D打印机做出复杂的巧克力雕塑和美丽的婚礼蛋糕，以及餐厅能够用3D打印出所有的菜肴和甜点，从而可以推断出：3D打印的优势是节省了做饭的时间和精力。故选B。
10．D 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Some experts believe printers could use hydr ocolloids (水解胶体) from plentiful renewables like algae(藻类) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients (烹饪原料)．”可知，3D打印机可以使用可再生材料作为食物来源。故选D。
11．B 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized nutritional content, like vitamins(食品打印可以让消费者打印定制营养的食物)．”从
而可以推断出，3D打印出来的食物可以满足个人营养需求。故选B。
12．C 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad.”可知，阻止3D打印食物进一步
广泛使用的原因是原料必须是干的，含水多的肉和牛奶不能应用于3D打印因为很容易坏。故选C。
13．A 主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了3D打印技术在食物上的应用取得了进展，但目前仍面临着许多
方面的挑战。所以用标题3D Food Printing: Delicious New Technology，故选A。
【模拟提能组】
A
(2020届湖北名师联盟6月份内部特供卷)
Fortune cookies, commonly served after meals at Chinese restaurants in the U．S., are characterized by a fortune, which is written on a small piece of paper tucked inside the cookie. There are several competing stories about the origin of the fortune cookie. None of them, however, has been proven to be entirely true.
One of these stories traces(追溯) the cookie's origin back to 13th－ and 14th－century China, which was then occupied by the Mongols. According to the legend(传说), notes of secret plans for a revolution to overthrow the Mongols were hidden in mooncakes that would ordinarily have been filled with sweet bean paste. The revolution turned out to be successful and eventually led to the formation of the Ming Dynasty. This story may sound highly credible, but there seems to be no solid evidence that it inspired the creation of the treats we know of today as fortune cookies.
Another account claims that David Jung, a Chinese immigrant living in Los Angeles, created the fortune cookie in 1918.Concerned about the poor people he saw wandering near his shop, he made cookies and passed them out free on the streets. Each cookie contained a strip of paper inside with an inspirational quotation on it.
However, the more generally accepted story is that the fortune cookie first turned up in either 1907 or 1914 in San Francisco, created by a Japanese immigrant, Makoto Hagiwara. The fortune cookie was based on a Japanese snack, but Hagiwara sweetened the recipe to appeal to American tastes. He put thank－you notes in the cookies and served them to his guests with tea. Within
a few years, Chinese restaurant owners in San Francisco had copied the recipe and replaced the thank－you notes with fortune notes. Such fortune cookies became common in Chinese restaurants
in the U．S. after World War Ⅱ.
( )1.What did the second and third legends have in common?
A．The fortune cookies were made to help the poor.
B．The fortune cookies were made by immigrants.
C．The fortune cookies were totally Chinese.
D．The fortune cookies became popular World War Ⅱ.
( )2.Which word can replace the underlined word “overthrow” in Paragraph 2?
A．defeat B．help
C．evolve D．expand
( )3.Which of the following statements about the first legend is NOT true?
A．Mongols dominated from 1300 to 1400 in China.
B．The revolution witnessed the arrival of the Ming Dynasty.
C．It seems that no specific evidence can be found to prove the legend.
D．It is one of the half false stories about the fortune cookie.
( )4.What is the main idea about article?
A．The fortune cookie is gaining more and more popularity after World War Ⅱ.
B．There are various stories about the fortune cookie after it appeared.
C．Some interesting legends about the origin of the fortune cookie.
D．The stories between the fortune cookie and the human beings.
【语篇解读】本文介绍了在美国中式餐馆里福饼的几个传说。
1．B 细节理解题。由第三段中的内容可知，第二个关于福饼的传说是David Jung发明的，他是“a Chinese immigrant living in Los Angeles”；根据第四段可知，第三个传说是一个日本移民Makoto Hagiwara发明的，故选B项。
2．A 词义猜测题。根据第二段的大意，及文中的关键信息“occupied by the Mongols”“notes of secret plans for a revolution” “The revolution turned out to be successful and eventually led to the formation of the Ming Dynasty.”可推断，overthrow的意思是“推翻；打倒”，与defeat接近。
3．A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的第一句“One of these stories traces(追溯) the cookie's origin back to 13th－ and 14th－century China.”可知，蒙古人统治中原的时候应该是1200 to 1400，故A 项符合题意。
4．C 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了三个关于福饼来源的传说，因此应该选C项。
B
(2019年苏锡常镇一调)
Exposing living tissue to subfreezing temperatures for long can cause permanent damage.Microscopic ice crystals(结晶体) cut cells and seize moisture(潮气)，making donor organs unsuitable for transplantation.Thus，organs can be made cold for only a few hours ahead of a procedure.But a set of lasting new antifreeze compounds(化合物)－similar to those found in particularly hardy(耐寒的) animals－could lengthen organs' shelf life.
Scientists at the University of Warwick in England were inspired by proteins in some species of Arctic fish，wood frogs and other organisms that prevent blood from freezing，allowing them to flourish in extreme cold.Previous research had shown these natural antifreeze molecules(分子) could preserve rat hearts at－1.3 degrees Celsius for up to 24 hours.But these proteins are expensive to extract(提取) and highly poisonous to some species.“For a long time everyone assumed you had to make synthetic(人造的) alternatives that looked exactly like antifreeze proteins to solve this problem，” says Matthew Gibson，a chemist at Warwick who coauthored the new research.“But we found that you can design new molecules that function like antifreeze proteins but do not necessarily look like them.”
Most natural antifreeze molecules have a mixture of regions that either attract or repel water.Scientists do not know exactly how this process prevents ice crystal formation，but Gibson thinks it might throw water molecules into push－pull chaos that prevents them from turning into ice.To copy this mechanism，he and his colleagues synthesized spiral－shaped molecules that were mostly water－repellent－but had iron atoms at their centers that made them hydrophilic，or water －loving.The resulting compounds were surprisingly effective at stopping ice crystals from forming.Some were also harmless to the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans(线虫)，indicating they might be safe for other animals.
“These compounds are really cool because they are not proteins－they are other types of molecules that nonetheless can do at least part of what natural antifreeze proteins do，” says Clara do Amaral，a biologist at Mount St.Joseph University，who was not involved in the research.Gibson's antifreeze compounds will still need to be tested in humans，however，and may be only part of a solution.“We don't have the whole picture yet，” do Amaral adds.“It's no t just one magical compound that helps freeze－tolerant organisms survive.It's a whole suite of adaptations.”
( )5.What will happen if organs are kept for a long time in temperatures below zero?
A．They will have ice crystal formation inside.
B．They will not suffer permanent damage.
C．They will have longer shelf life.
D．They will be fit for transplantation.
( )6.What can we learn about natural antifreeze proteins?
A．They look like Gibson's antifreeze compounds.
B．They are composed of antifreeze molecules harmless to other species.
C．They are spiral－shaped and have iron atoms at their centers.
D．They can be found in organisms living in freezing cold weather.
( )7.How are antifreeze molecules prevented from ice crystals?
A．By creating compounds both water－repellent and water－loving.
B．By extracting the proteins from some hardy animals.
C．By making synthetic alternatives like antifreeze proteins.
D．By copying spiral－shaped molecules mostly water－resistant.
( )8.What's the main idea of the passage?
A．Push－pull chaos might prevent water molecules from turning into ice.
B．The final solution to preserving donor organs has been found recently.
C．Chemicals inspired by Arctic animals could lengthen organs' shelf life.
D．Gibson's antifreeze compounds can do what natural antifreeze proteins do.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。科学家通过在北极的一些动物身上发现的一种天然防冻物质中获得灵感，成功研制出新型防冻化合物。
5．A 推理判断题。根据第一段前两句“Exposing living tissue to subfreezing temperatures for long can cause permanent damage.Microscopic ice crystals(结晶体) cut cells and seize moisture(潮气)，making donor organs unsuitable for transplantation.”可知，长期保存在零摄氏度以下的器官内会形成冰晶体。
6．D 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“…proteins in some species of Arctic fish，wood frogs and other organisms that prevent blood from freezing，allowing them to flourish in extreme cold.”可知，这种天然的防冻蛋白可以在一些生活在严寒气候中的生物体中找到。
7．A 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Most natural antifreeze molecules have a mixture of regions that either attract or repel water.”可知，防冻分子通过形成既吸水又防水的化合物防止结晶体的形成。
8．C 主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“But a set of lasting new antifreeze compounds(化合物)－similar to those found in particularly hardy(耐寒的) animals－could lengthen organs' shelf life.”可知，本文主要介绍了科学家受到耐寒动物的启发，研制出可延长器官保存期限的化合物。
C
(长春市普通高中2019年高三质量监测二)
Next time you go shopping, keep in mind that there may be hidden cameras analyzing your habits.According to a 2015 survey of 150 managers from Computer Services Corporation, a quarter of British shops use facial recognition software to collect data on shopper behavior.
With concerns that face－recognition cameras “are kind of invasive(冒犯的)”， British analysis firm Hoxton Analytics has come up with a new way of measuring footfall (客流)—by filming people's shoes.The technology can collect a large amount of personal information.“We have cameras at 50cm off the ground and they point down so they are less invasive than facial recognition，” Duncan Mann, Hoxton's officer said.
As modern cities get fuller—70 percent of the population will live in urban areas by
2050—cameras and other technologies are taking over public spaces and collecting our data.Their purpose is to keep people safe, provide efficient services and prevent disasters and crimes.
But some are not happy with the cameras as far as their privacy(隐私) is concerned.“Very few of us have any real concept of what data smart cities are gathering，” said Renate Samson.
We begin giving away data as soon as we wake up.When we enter the transport system, we are giving away even more details about ourselves through smart cards, mobile phones or credit cards.
Nick Millman, director at a consulting firm thinks statistics are the key to the privacy concern.He used the example of Google Maps, which is to monitor the flow of traffic in Stockholm.He explained, “It is basically adding privacy controls to statistics so that you only see the data you need to know about.” In this case, Google gets enough data to improve traffic but not so much that it shows individual journey patterns.
( )9.What is the article mainly about?
A．An introduction to collecting shoppers' data.
B．The concerns about giving away personal data.
C．The problems caused by imbalanced distribution of population.
D．An invention recording and collecting customers' information.
( )10.The new technology invented by Hoxton Analytics______.
A．can gather a lot of people's personal data from their shoes
B．uses cameras fitted on the ground to collect customers' data
C．has improved the accuracy of facial recognition software
D．offers a perfect solution to customers' privacy concerns
( )11.According to the author, cameras in modern cities______.
A．cause a huge waste of public space
B．help reduce the size of population in urban areas
C．are likely to help improve traffic conditions
D．are to avoid crimes and disasters and provide efficient services
( )12.What is Renate Samson's attitude toward the rise of smart cities?
A．Worried. B．Optimistic.
C．Confused. D．Uninterested.
【语篇解读】本文是关于泄露个人数据的问题。
9．B 主旨大意题。根据第五段可知，本文是关于泄露个人数据的问题。故选B。
10．A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“British analysis firm Hoxton Analytics has come up with a new way of measuring footfall (客流)—by filming people's shoes.”可知，Hoxton Analytics发明的新科技可以从他们的鞋上收集很多人的个人数据。故选A。
11．D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Their purpose is to keep people safe, provide efficient
services and prevent disasters and crimes.”可知，现代城市中的摄像机是为了避免犯罪和灾害并提供有效的服务。故选D。
12．A 意图态度题。根据第四段“But some are not happy with the cameras as far as their pr ivacy (隐私) is concerned.‘Very few of us have any real concept of what data smart cities are gathering，’ said Renate Samson.”可知，Renate的态度是“担忧的”，故选A。
D
(安徽省皖南八校2019年高三第三次联考)
She sat at the picnic table alone.Recess (休息) was in full swing.She remained awkward around her classmates.She seemed unsure of what to do or say, yet I could see her eyes longing for acceptance.Many students had already decided that her friendship would not be worth the energy required to overcome the awkwardness.Others teased her.Most ignored her—except for one.
Brianna, the class clown, was making the other students laugh, as usual.“Brianna, do you see Molly down there? Would you mind walking down there and inviting her to come up here with the rest of us？”
Brianna sighed.I could tell she didn't want to sacrifice precious minutes of her own recess to do what I was asking of her, but I also knew her heart.She often thought of others before herself－a rare character for anyone, much less a kid.
Knowing this choice was hard for her, I pulled out a D－buck, our class currency.Though bribery (行贿) was not the ideal way to handle this situation, I needed her cooperation.
“Here, I'll pay you for your time.”
She offered an insincere smile, grasped the green paper, and headed down the hill.
As the rest of the children screamed and laughed, my eyes locked on Brianna as she neared the picnic table.Molly could be difficult, and I wouldn't have been surprised if she sent Brianna back alone, refusing her invitation.When she encouraged herself to a standing position, I sighed with relief.
A minute later, I felt a lap on my shoulder.“Here, Mrs.D.” She handed me the D－buck.
“Why？” I asked.
“I shouldn't keep this.” Her eyes fell to her feet, guilt radiating from her quiet voice.“I don't want Molly to think I only went to get her so I could earn a D－buck.She's my friend.”
A moment later, they were all laughing again, and who should I see among them, laughing for the first time that week? Molly.
( )13.How was Molly in the author's eyes?
A．She often made fun of others.
B．She got on well with other kids.
C．She was eager to be accepted.
D．She refused to make friends with others.
( )14.On what aspect was Brianna different from other kids?
A．Clown talent. B．Cooperation.
C．Honesty. D．Kindness.
( )15.How was the author feeling when Brianna walked to Molly?
A．Worried. B．Regretful.
C．Grateful. D．Puzzled.
( )16.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．A D－buck
B．A Strange Girl
C．Power of a Smile
D．How to Be a Great Teacher
【语篇解读】小女孩莫莉不知如何与其他的小朋友相处，别的小朋友觉得不值得去帮她，只有Brianna，一个常让别人取笑的小女孩，在作者的要求下去请莫莉和大家一起玩。为了鼓励她，作者拿出了D－巴克作为交换的条件，没想到在Brianna请来了莫莉后却把这个D－巴克还给了作者，因为她不想让好朋友莫莉误解自己是为了D－巴克才这样做的。
13．C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“She seemed unsure of what to do or say, yet I could see her eyes longing for acceptance.”可知，莫莉虽然不知要做什么要说什么，但可以看出她是渴望被别人接受。故选C项。
14．D 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“She often thought of others before herself－a rare character for anyone, much less a kid.”可知，她经常先考虑别人，把别人放在自己的前面，对任何人来说都是难得的特点，更不用说是孩子了。可见她是一个善良的，考虑别人的孩子。故选D项。
15．A 推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可知，去请莫莉对Brianna来说有点难，所以“我”拿出一个D－巴克来贿赂她，可知作者是有点担心焦急。因此选A。
16．A 主旨大意题。本文讲述了一个叫Brianna的小朋友在老师的要求下去请小女孩莫莉和大家一起玩。为了鼓励她，作者拿出了一个D－巴克作为奖赏，没想到在Brianna请来了莫莉后却把这个D－巴克还给了作者，因为她不想让好朋友误解自己是为了D－巴克才这样做的。所以本文中的事件由这个D－巴克贯穿。故A项最为贴切。
高三英语专项训练----语法填空 （1）(Topic: ) Once there lived a rich man who wanted to do something for the people of his town. But first he wanted to find out 16 _______ they deserved his help. In the centre of the main road into the town，he placed 17 ___ very large stone. Then he 18____ (hide) behind a tree and waited. Soon an old man came along with his cow.“Who put this stone in the centre of the road?” said the old man, 19____ he did not try to remove the stone. Instead, with some difficulty he passed around the stone and continued on his way.20 ______ man came along and did the same thing; then another came，and another. All of them complained about the stone but did not tried to remove 21______. Late in the afternoon a young man came along. He saw the stone, 22 _______ (say) to himself: “The night will be very dark. Some neighbors will come along later 23 _____ the dark and will fall against the stone.” Then he began to move the stone. He pushed and pulled with all his 24 ________ (strong) to move it. How great was his surprise at last! 25 ________ the stone，he found a bag of money. （2）(Topic: ) The best gift I ever received is the parents that were given to me. I could not have picked out 16 _______ (good) parents myself. My mom is smart，funny，and very artistic. She loves painting and encouraging other people to paint as well. She owns 17______ own book and art store. And at night she teaches adult 18 ________ (educate). She helps kids 19 _________ have dropped out of high school 20 _________ (get) their diploma. She always has time for me and my brothers. She hardly ever gets mad 21 ______ us and loves doing new things with us，22 _____ going to a new museum or going out onto the beach in the middle of the winter and taking pictures at the beach in the snow. My dad knows 23 _____ to fix anything and loves to play musical instruments. He helps me with my science projects and other school projects. He works hard to make money for our family and hardly ever complains. He loves skating with me and 24______ (build) us a half pipe and other cool things. So I have to say that 25 _______ gift I’m most grateful for is the one the God gave me—my parents. （3）(Topic: ) Sometimes Chinese English teachers are puzzled by such questions，“Have you got any skills in reading comprehension?” Actually，many of the teachers can’t give students 16 ___ efficient way to deal with reading. Anyway，17 _____ often simply say，“Read more and practise more，and you 18 ______ (get) more experience in reading comprehension.” Frankly, these teachers’ good 19_________ (suggest) are only helpful to arouse students’ interest in reading 20 ____ not helpful to deal wit h the questions in the examinations of reading comprehension. Personally，I think the skill for reading comprehension should be based 21 ______ the knowledge of English writing. Since the English passages are written under some rules or principles，the science of reading 22 ______understanding may have a close relationship with writing.
高考英语专题训练：书面表达1 1.请阅读下面有个龋齿的相关信息： 【参考词汇】 龋齿病 tooth decay 纤维 fiber 2、.书面表达（满分25分） 据报道,我国学生近视率居世界第一。造成这一现象的原因是多方面的, 请你以 "Why are more and more children getting short-sighted?" 为题, 写一篇英语短文。 内容主要包括： 1. 造成学生近视的原因； 2. 如何保护视力？ 注意: 1.词数120左右； 2.可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯； 3.短文的开头已经写好, 不计入总词数。 参考词汇: 近视率 rate of myopia Why are more and more children getting short-sighted? It is reported that the rate of myopia of Chinese students is ranked as the highest in the world ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ________________________
题型组合练(七) (对应学生用书第181页) Ⅰ.单项填空 1．(2020·江苏省扬中、六合等华罗庚七校高三上学期期中联考)—Samsung announced Tuesday that it stopped production of Note 7 smart phones. —Yes.It ________ 2.5 million of the new Notes across 10 worldwide markets since September. A．recalled B．has recalled C．will recall D．had recalled B[考查现在完成时。答句句意：自九月开始，它已经从10个全球市场上召回了2 500 000部新的Note手机。由句中时间状语since September可知，此处使用完成时，强调一直延续到现在。] 2．(2020－2020学年江苏省盐城市高三上学期期中考试)The Chinese women's volleyball team won the gold medal at the Rio Olympics，which is the third time the team ________Olympic gold. A．claimed B．has claimed C．has been claiming D．had claimed B[考查时态语态。句意：中国女排在里约奥运会上获得了金牌，这是第三次团队获得奥运金牌。句型：it is the＋序数词＋time that从句，从句谓语动词要使用现在完成时。] 3．(2020－2020学年江苏省盐城市高三上学期期中考试)Part of the highway would still be temporarily closed ________the heavy fog continue. A．might B．could C．would D．should D[考查虚拟语气。句意：大雾一旦继续，高速公路的一部分仍将暂时关闭。 分析句意及句子结构可知，此处是对将来的虚拟，条件句中省略了if，所以将should提到句首。should意为“万一”。] 4．(2020届江苏省扬中、六合等华罗庚七校高三上学期期中联考)—Have you seen the film Operation Mekong?
2019-2020年高考英语高频词汇必背及训练8 adj.乐观的 We are still optimistic, whatever the result may be. 我们仍然乐观，不论结果如何。 The stockholders are optimistic about the pany's future.股东对公司的前景很乐观。 反义词：pessimistic adj.悲观的 Her pessimistic attitude turns him off. 她那悲观的态度令他很不高兴。 ________，she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile. A．Shy and cautious B．Sensitive and thoughtful C．Honest and confident D．Lighthearted and optimistic n. (1)气候 She is not used to living in a cold climate. 她不习惯寒带生活。 (2)(某一社会、时代的)风气，趋势；气氛，环境气氛 social climate 社会风气 political climate政治气候 the current climate of opinion目前的舆论环境 After the revolution，the climate of the country remained tense. 革命以后，那个国家的气氛依然紧张。 climate/weather辨析 climate：气候，指一个地区气候的总情况，如气温、降雨量等，还可指(社会)风气。weather：天气，指特定的一天或某个时节的天气的具体情况，如冷暖阴晴等。 What will the weather be like tomorrow 明天天气怎样 I would rather live in France because of the climate. 由于气候原因，我宁愿住在法国。 单项填空 (1)For the sake of her daughter's health，she decided to move to a warm________. A．weather B．temperature C．season D．climate (2)Although farmers there mainly grow wheat，the________is also warm enough to grow rice. A．criminal B．climate C．air D．sky (1)n.洪水，水灾(可数) The town was destroyed by the floods after the storm. 暴风雨过后，小镇被洪水淹没了。 (2)n.大批，大量流入 There was a flood of plaints about the poor service at the restaurant. 许多人投诉这家餐馆服务质量差劲。
（英语）高三英语阅读理解专项训练及答案 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 The setting was a packed gymnasium just before the start of a game against another school. There were five girls who were members of the Danville High School basketball team—all of them starters. They were not in uniform to play that night and would not be on the team for the rest of this season. They were there to admit their breaking of team rules. They were there to support their coach's decision to take them off the team. They were there to let the town know there was a problem in their little community that needed to be addressed. And they did it with sincere regret rather than defensiveness. While the school had been out for the New Year's holiday, the five girls had gone to the party with several of their friends. There was alcohol there. And they all drank some. Coach Rainville has a zero tolerance rule on drugs and alcohol for her members though it was a hard decision to make. When classes resumed and accounts of holiday parties were shared, rumors about the five girls began closing in on them. The coach said she couldn't back down on her rules. And the players—two junior students and three senior students—agreed. That night in the gym was part of their public support of the coach's decision. “We hope you will understand that we are not bad kids. What we did was definitely not worth it. We hope this event will make everyone realize that there is a big drug and alcohol problem in our community,” one of the senior students said, “And if you work with us to try to solve this problem, you will help us feel that we have not been thrown off our basketball team for nothing.” The five left the floor to deafening applause. The team may not win another game this year. But they've learnt something about personal responsibility, the effect of one's action on others, and honesty that will serve them well throughout life. （1）It can be inferred from the passage that the five girls who were kicked off the team were ________. A. very good players on the team B. addicted to alcohol and drugs C. three junior students and two senior students D. scolded by their parents for drinking alcohol （2）What did the girls do to support their coach's decision? A. They didn't fight for Danville High School any more. B. They all gave speeches to apologize in the local press. C. They admitted their mistake in public in the gymnasium. D. They would never drink any alcohol throughout their life. （3）Which word best describes the coach Rainville? A. Indifferent. B. Strict. C. Stubborn. D. Cruel. （4）Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Growing up with pain B. A bad mistake C. Team rules are everything D. Basketball girls in high school 【答案】（1）A
完形填空练习 【考点分析】主要考查语法知识、单词拼写能力和逻辑推理能力等，对基础相对薄弱的学生，尤其是英语语法基础相对薄弱的学生有一定的难度。 【复习策略】掌握句子的基本结构 首先，我们必须熟练掌握简单句的基本句型结构： （1）主语+谓语（+宾语+宾补） （2）主语+系动词+表语 其次，我们要充分了解充当各个句子成分的典型词类： （1）充当主语或宾语的典型词类是名词或代词。此外，还有动名词、不定式短语等。 （2）充当谓语的一定是动词。 （3）充当补语或表语的典型词类是形容词。 （4）在名词前作定语的典型词类是形容词或形容词性物主代词。 （5）作状语的典型词类是副词。 再次，我们还要掌握句子的扩展结构：两个或几个简单句之间若不用句号或分号，就必须要用连词，否则，句子的结构就不完整。连词主要有以下四类： （1）用and,but,or,while(而，却)，when（就在这个时候）等构成并列句。用if,unless,before,after,until,although,though,as,since,because,so,so that 等构成含状语从句的复合句（这里要注意区分一下复杂句和复合句，复合句是包含在复杂句这个概念里面的,在下文的基础写作部分有提到）。 （3）用who,which,that,when,where,why等构成含定语从句的复合句。（这里要提醒考生的是往往不给任何提示的空就是填连词或关系词的，但也须结合句子
结构来分析。） （4）用that,if/whether(是否)，wh-等构成含名词性从句的复合句。 【解题方法】用句子结构分析法巧解语法填空.分析句子的结构对解答语法填空题很有帮助。在解答语法填空题时，分析句子结构可以迅速确定所要填的词语的词类或大致方向，若再结合语境就可以很快得出具体的词语或词形，结合语境方面要特别注意短文的时态和上下文中的一些提示。 【经典例题】阅读下面短文，根据上下文填入适当的词语，或使用括号中的词语的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡上标号的相应位置。 The Internet has become part of young people’s life. ____1____ report shows that 38% of students often use the Internet . Most of them get _____2____ (use) information on the Internet ____3____ use the Internet to help in their studies. But many students don’t use it _____4____ a good way. Some play games too much, some visit websites ____5____ shouldn’t look at. So bad things may happen ____6___ students spen d too much time on the Internet. _____7____ is important for students to use the Internet properly. Now we have a textbook, _____8____ uses many examples to teach students some good ways to use the Internet. It gives useful advice. Some students also make ____9____ on the Internet. But if you want
第二十组 (建议用时：20分钟) Ⅰ.阅读理解 Thomas had achieved fame as a poet in the 1930s and had spent World War Two in London writing propaganda(宣传) films.But by 1946, after the end of the war, he needed a regular income to support his wife Caitlin, and children Llewelyn and Aeronwy.Luckily he had a new admirer in the form of Margaret Taylor, wife of noted historian and broadcaster A．J.P. Taylor.Introduced as an “entertaining guest” by a mutual friend, he had succeeded in charming Mrs Taylor, who put the family up in a summerhouse in their garden in the grounds of Magdalen College(牛津大学莫德林学院)．① Thomas had a love-hate relationship with Oxford, according to his biographer Andrew Lycett.His poetry may have brought him respect and celebrity in literary circles, but in Oxford he felt at odds with his surroundings.“His father, who had been a schoolmaster in Swansea, would have liked him to go to Oxford University，” Mr Lycett explains. “When he did actually get to Oxford he wasn’t actually at the university.It was a curious period.He was in this academic environment though he wasn’t a born academic himself.But he generally enjoyed himself because he got to know some of the professors there.He wasn’t popular among them, because they thought he was a bit of a wastrel(不务正业者), so he hung out in pubs and met students.”②Thomas also took paid jobs at the BBC, regularly travelling to London and became something of a celebrity through appearing on panel show.③ “He didn’t really endear(使受垂青) himself to Professor Taylor，”Mr Lycett says.“He_overstayed_his_welcome.The professor liked to have a barrel of beer in the house and Dylan would finish it off.He just took a dislike to him, partly because, reading between the lines, his wife rather fancied this young man.”Mark Davies, an Oxford historian, says Professor Taylor disliked the poet “intensely”．“He ended up being banished(驱逐) a safe distance away from his wife，” he adds. This banishment was in the picturesque village of South Leigh, nine miles out from the city, in a house set up for Thomas by Margaret, who continued to be his proud sponsor.However, it was here that his granddaughter Hannah Ellis believes Thomas found much of the inspiration for one of his most famous works, the radio drama Under Milk Wood.“South Leigh is hugely important because that was one of those villages where he met all the different characters and it helped him arouse his passion，” she says.“The play had been a seed from when he was about 20 and I think it was that village lifestyle and all the characters that helped.He liked sitting in the corner of the pub, watching all the drama going on.Also he had somewhere quiet to work and a home.For such a long time he hadn’t settled and it was a good period in his life.”④
广东省2011届高三英语专题训练（词汇练习） 易错词汇练习 1.If you practise it _________ (repeat) , you will have a good command of it . 2.They are trying to find evidence of the _________ (exist) of this kind of rare animal. 3. This is the __________ (twenty) anniversary of the great event. 4. You can see lots of ________ (bacterium) in the food through a telescope. 5.__________ (theory), you can take three of them with you at a time. 6.He lied to the policemen to escape ________ (punish). 7.__________ (hope), all the nations came to help the victims in the earthquake. 8.Shooting, __________ (origin) as a means of survival, developed into a sport only in the late 19th century. 9.He put on so much ________ ( weigh) that he found it difficult to climb the stairs. 10. Some art _______ (history) doubt whether the London paintings hold this much documentary evidence. 11.There was a ______ (die) silence before the doors opened and the men started to step out. 12. The taxi driver was badly hurt and still _________ after the accident, but his daughter was ___________ and was smiling to us __________. (conscious) 13. They supplied a lot of advanced _________ to the school with the hope that the students can be _________ with knowledge and in the future they can make contributions to nation. (equip) 14. The victim __________the criminal carefully to the police. They soon caught him according to the victim’s __________. (describe). 15.As a shipbuilder, Cooker was trying to find a _________ to the problem of the wave resistance. After many trials, he finally _________ the problem. (solve) 16. She pursued her ____in another country, ______, he found that it turned for worse. (fortunate) 17. Only when you overcome your own fears will you ________ (success). 18. It not only broadens our minds, but also _____ (rich) our life during summer vacation. 19. According to a new study, it may be much more _______ (benefit) to human body than we have imagined. 20. What’s the _______ (long) and ________ (wide) of our classroom? 21. He is late. He is _________ (probable) stuck in a traffic jam. 22. Agricultural work is traditionally seen as a male __________ (occupy). 23. Only two of the applicants had the necessary _______________ (qualify) 24. ______________ (employ) among graduates is increasing because they lack work experience. 25. Her ___________ was purely ______________ scientific (curious). 26. After 25 years the town centre had changed beyond all __________（recognize）. 27. Children should learn how to protect themselves to avoid __________(occur) of accidents. 28. His teachers told him to stick to his study, or he'd ________(doubt) fail his exam. 29. His_________(annoy) kid made him_________(annoy) a lot. 30. When someone catches a cold, signs of cough and ___________(breath) are common. 31. Your________(belief) are very powerful and have the power to create or to destroy your life. 32. Though John is a person with ________（able）, his strong will still ___________（able） him to overcome many difficulties. 33. Many people benefited from his countless __________（generous） 34. _______( beg) can’t be c hoosers. 35. She has played a ___________(decide) role in the peace negotiation. 36. His hesitation indicates __________(will). 37. Women increasingly went out to work, usually out of economic ________(necessary). 38. They delight small children because they have strong rhythm and rhyme and have a lot of __________(repeat). 39. In the winter the total absence of sunlight can be __________(tire),and for some, depressing. 40.Anna will be remembered for his effective management and personal diplomacy, and his____________(warm) and charm. 41. If there were no bad people, there would be no good__________(law). 42. It is a very effective way to learn the language and improve your __________ (pronounce) and intonation. 43.Many people are ___(picnic) on the river bank.
【英语】高考英语翻译专题训练答案 一、高中英语翻译 1．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1．我习惯睡前听点轻音乐。(accustomed) 2．将来过怎样的生活取决于你自己。(be up to) 3．没有什么比获准参加太空旅行项目更令人兴奋的了。(than) 4．家长嘱咐孩子别在河边嬉戏，以免遭遇不测。(for fear) 5．虽然现代社会物资丰富，给予消费者更多的选择，但也使不少人变成购物狂。(turn) 【答案】 1．I’m accustomed to listening to some light music before sleep. 2．It’s up to you what kind of life will lead in the future. 3．There is nothing more exciting than being allowed to take part in the space travel programme. 4．Parents ask their kids not to play by the river for fear that something terrible might happen. 5．While modern society, rich in material resources,has given consumers more choice, it turns many of them into crazy shoppers. 【解析】试题分析： 1．翻译这句话的时候，注意词组：be acc ustomed to doing“习惯于做……”。 2．这句话使用了句型：It’s up to you +从句，“做….由某人决定”。这里what kind of life will lead in the future.是主语从句，it是形式主语。 3．这句话使用了There be句型， nothing 后面是形容词做定语，因为是比较的含义用形容词的比较级more exciting，还有词组“被允许做”be allowed to ，以及词组“参加”：take part in 。 4．这句话使用了for fear that 引导目的状语从句，和词组“让某人不要做……”ask sb. not to do. 5．这句话使用了连词While 表示“尽管，虽然”。词组“富含”be rich in ，主句中使用了词组turn…. into …..“将…变成…”。 考点：考查翻译句子 2．高中英语翻译题：Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1．任何人都不可能轻而易举获得成功。(ease) ________________________ 2．遇到紧急情况一定要冷静，否则可能会造成严重后果。(or) ________________________ 3．我们只有学会尊重人际间的差异，才能避免误会，与他人建立和谐的关系。(Only) ________________________ 4．令教练欣慰的是，整个辩论队齐心协力，克服了遇到的各种困难，最终所有的努力都得