（英语）高考英语高中英语完形填空夹叙夹议的基本方法技巧及练习题及练习
题(含答案)
一、高中英语完形填空夹叙夹议
1．完形填空
I believe in the power of hugging. It's a quiet but 1 moment we share when we hug.
It's the 2 that flows from my heart to yours when I want to say something but
3 just won't do sometimes. Hugging is the power we possess when we put our arms
4 someone. It can change
5 , making a patient a person, a familiar person a friend.
My grandmother taught me about hugging, whenever she 6 me in her strong, loving Irish arms. She always hugged seriously even when her back had become 7 and her strength had weakened. My mother hugs my children the same way——heart open and arms 8 , breathing them into her soul.
Once I became aware of its 9 , I started experimenting: I held my mother-in-law then moved onto my sisters-in-law, aunts and cousins. I tried it with a friend who had 10 my
life with laughter, but I was too 11 to tell her, and acquaintances（熟人）that I wanted
to be friends with. Some were confused, 12 others accepted. But all had one thing 13 , that is, the next time I hugged them, they 14 me back.
For me, hugging has become 15 a physical interaction. It has become a way of thinking, the answer to life's 16 and tough choices. I've often wondered how 17 my life would have been if I hadn't learned the power of hugging! I believe that a hug is like a battery 18 —— a good one can keep me going for a long time.
Never take the giving or receiving of a hug 19 . That small gesture of putting arms around someone else 20 love, acceptance, and sometimes even forgiveness. I believe that a hug can change the world.
1. A. stressful B. peaceful C. hopeful D. powerful
2. A. worry B. love C. anxiety D. responsibility
3. A. words B. actions C. attitude D. response
4. A. aside B. off C. around D. above
5. A. position B. situation C. reality D. relationship
6. A. combined B. replaced C. gathered D. joined
7. A. bent B. straight C. flat D. rough
8. A. closed B. wide C. narrow D. crossed
9. A. answer B. advice C. power D. attitude
10. A. destroyed B. enriched C. organized D. disturbed
11. A. embarrassed B. interested C. sensitive D. confident
12. A. as B. when C. while D. so
13. A. in turn B. in common C. in brief D. in charge
14. A. hugged B. paid C. bowed D. took
15. A. less than B. more than C. at least D. at most
16. A. events B. incidents C. customs D. puzzles
17. A. different B. colorful C. fortunate D. important
18. A. inventor B. observer C. reminder D. charger
19. A. seriously B. obviously C. lightly D. only
20. A. decides B. guides C. speaks D. expresses
【答案】（1）D；（2）B；（3）A；（4）C；（5）D；（6）C；（7）A；（8）B；（9）C；（10）B；（11）A；（12）C；（13）B；（14）A；（15）B；（16）D；（17）A；（18）D；（19）C；（20）D；
【解析】【分析】本文是夹叙夹议文，作者通过自身经历告诉我们拥抱的力量是巨大的，拥抱可以传达关爱，改善人与人之间的关系甚至改变世界。
（1）考查形容词。句意：当我们拥抱时，我们分享安静但强有力的时刻。A. stressful“紧张的”；B. peaceful“和平的”；C. hopeful“有希望的”；D. powerful“强有力的”。与上文“the power of hugging.”呼应，故选D。
（2）考查名词。句意：拥抱是从内心流露出来的爱。A. worry“担心”；B. love“爱”；C. anxiety“焦虑”；D. responsibility“责任”。故选B。
（3）考查名词。A. words“言语”；B. actions“行动”；C. attitude“态度”；D. response“响应”。此处指想说什么但是又不会用言语表达，指言语，话语，故选A。
（4）考查介词。A. aside“在......旁边”；B. off“离开”；C. around “围绕”；D. above“在.....上边”。拥抱就是用双臂抱住某人时拥有的力量，指用胳膊环绕，抱住，故选C。
（5）考查名词。A. position“位置”；B. situation“情况”；C. reality“现实”；D. relationship“关系“。根据“making a patient a person, a familiar person a friend.”可知拥抱能改变人和人之间的关系，故选D。
（6）考查动词。A. combined“使结合”；B. replaced“替换”；C. gathered“集中，聚集”；D. joined“加入”。祖母总是把我抱在她坚强、慈爱的爱尔兰臂弯里，表示聚集，抱住，故选C。
（7）考查动词。A. bent“弯曲”；B. straight“笔直”；C. flat“逐渐变平”；D. rough“粗暴对待”。此处指由于年龄变大，祖母的后背变弯，力气变弱。故选A。
（8）考查形容词。A. closed“关着的”；B. wide“宽的”；C. narrow“狭窄的”；D. crossed“交叉的”。母亲用同样的方式拥抱我的孩子，张开双臂，敞开心扉。此处指张开双臂，故选B。（9）考查名词。A. answer“答案”；B. advice“建议”；C. power“力量”；D. attitude“态度、”。与上文“the power of hugging.”呼应，指我知道了拥抱的力量，故选C。
（10）考查动词。A. destroyed“破坏”；B. enriched“丰富”；C. organized“组织”；D. disturbed“干扰”。我和一个用笑声丰富我生活的朋友拥抱，根据句意选B。
（11）考查形容词。A. embarrassed“尴尬的”；B. interested“感兴趣的”；C. sensitive“敏感的”；D. confident“自信的”。我很尴尬地告诉她和想成为朋友的熟人们，指我用语言表达效果不好，故选A。
（12）考查连词。A. as“因为”；B. when“当......时”；C. while“然而”；D. so“所以”。我拥抱他们时，一些人感到困惑，然而其他人接受了。表示转折，故选C。
（13）考查介词短语。A. in turn“依次”；B. in common“共同”；C. in brief“简言之”；D. in charge“负责，主管”。但是所有人有一个共同点：当我再次拥抱他们时，他们用拥抱回应我。故选B。
（14）考查动词。A. hugged“拥抱”；B. paid“支付”；C. bowed“弯曲”；D. took“拿”。此处指
我再次拥抱他们时，他们用拥抱回应我。和“I hugged them”呼应，故选A。
（15）考查固定短语。A. less than“少于”；B. more than“不只是”；C. at least“至少”；D. at most“至多”。对我来说，拥抱不只是身体上的交互作用，它已经变成了一种思考方式。故
选B。
（16）考查名词。A. events“事件”；B. incidents“事故”；C. customs“风俗”；D. puzzles“谜”。
拥抱是生活之谜和艰难抉择的答案，指生活之谜，故选D。
（17）考查形容词。A. different“不同的”；B. colorful “丰富多彩的”；C. fortunate“幸运的”； D. important“重要的”。如果我没有学会拥抱的力量，我的生活会是怎样的不同！指
两种结果是不同的，故选A。
（18）考查名词。A. inventor“发明家”；B. observe“观察者”；C. reminder“提醒的人”；D. charger“充电器”。我坚信拥抱就是一个好的能让我坚持很长时间的电池充电器，根据“keep me going for a long time”可知是电池充电器，故选D。
（19）考查副词。A. seriously“认真地”；B. obviously“明显地”；C. lightly“轻易地”；D. only“仅仅”。不要轻易地给予和接受别人的拥抱，指轻易地，故选C。
（20）考查动词。A. decides“裁决”；B. guides “指导”；C. speaks“说”；D. expresses“表达”。
拥抱表达了爱、接受，有时甚至是宽恕。指表达，故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，介词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻
辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
2．阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处
的最佳选项。
My class and I visited Chris Care Center in Phoenix, Arizona to comfort the old people who needed a little cheering up during the holiday season.
The first two 1 there were for persons requiring help in taking care of themselves. We sang 2 for them. They loved our sweet songs and the flowers that we left with them.
As we were 3 on the third floor for old people with Alzheimer (老年痴呆症), most of them 4 off at the walls or floor. However, one lady 5 my eye. She was sitting by the door, in a wheelchair, singing songs to herself. They weren't the songs that we were singing,
at least they didn't 6 like that. As we got 7 with each festive song, she did as well. The louder we got, the louder she got. 8 she was singing, she was also 9 out to us with her hands and body. I knew that I should have gone over to her, but I thought that my 10 were to my students. People who worked at this center could 11 her, I thought. Just when I stopped feeling 12 about not giving her the attention she needed, one of my students, Justin, showed me what the holiday season is really about.
Justin also 13 the same lady. The difference between us is that he 14 on her
needs, but I didn't. During the last song, "Silent Night," Justin walked over to her and held her hand. He looked this aged lady in her 15 and with his actions said, "You are important, and I will take my 16 to let you know that."
This tired, elderly lady stopped singing and held his hand. Then she touched his cheek with the other hand. Tears began to fall down her face. No 17 can completely describe that touching moment.
It 18 a boy to teach me, a man, about kindness and love. Justin's example of a complete, selfless attitude 19 another was a lesson that I will never forget. He was the teacher that day, and I consider myself 20 to have witnessed his lesson.
1. A. rooms B. buildings C. groups D. floors
2. A. bravely B. shyly C. beautifully D. madly
3. A. singing B. meeting C. gathering D. dancing
4. A. shut B. stared C. paid D. glared
5. A. looked B. hurt C. escaped D. caught
6. A. appear B. hear C. feel D. sound
7. A. nearer B. louder C. faster D. higher
8. A. As B. Because C. Since D. Though
9. A. moving B. spreading C. reaching D. coming
10. A. interests B. responsibilities C. feelings D. abilities
11. A. deal with B. turn to C. rely on D. care for
12. A. sure B. sorry C. afraid D. scary
13. A. feared B. avoided C. noticed D. helped
14. A. called B. insisted C. acted D. kept
15. A. eyes B. hands C. tears D. face
16. A. body B. flower C. time D. cheek
17. A. words B. poems C. expressions D. songs
18. A. wasted B. took C. caused D. made
19. A. on B. about C. at D. towards
20. A. lucky B. foolish C. right D. clever
【答案】（1）D；（2）C；（3）A；（4）B；（5）D；（6）D；（7）B；（8）A；（9）C；（10）B；（11）D；（12）B；（13）C；（14）C；（15）A；（16）C；（17）A；（18）B；（19）D；（20）A；
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者和他的学生到敬老院帮助老人，他的学生Justin给他上了一课：要真正地采取行动去帮助他人，而不是仅仅浮于表面。
（1）考查名词。A、rooms“房间”；B、buildings“建筑物，大楼”；C、groups一群”；D、floors“楼层”“。 the first two floors 前两层楼，下一段“ the third floor”有提示，故选D。（2）考查副词。A、bravely“勇敢地”；B、shyly“害羞地”；C、beautifully“美丽地”；D、madly“疯狂地”。和下句sweet形成呼应，指我们给他们唱了一些很好听的歌曲．故选C。（3）考查动词。A、singing“唱歌”；B、meeting“遇见”；C、gathering“聚集”；D、
dancing“跳舞。”下文提到一位老太太唱的歌不是我们正在唱的，故选A。
（4）考查动词。A、shut“关闭”；B、stared“盯着......看”；C、paid“付钱”；D、glared“怒视”。stare off固定短语，“ 盯着”，从宾语wall or floors可知，本句是指那些患有老年痴呆症的老人不理我们唱歌，只是盯着墙壁看．故选B。
（5）考查动词。A、looked“看见”；B、hurt“伤害”；C、escaped“逃脱”；D、caught“吸引，抓住”。catch my eyes“ 吸引了我的目光”，故选D。
（6）考查动词。句意：至少听起来不像是我们正在唱的。A、appear“出现，似乎”；B、hear“听见”；C、feel“感觉”；D、sound“听起来” 。故选D。
（7）考查形容词。A、nearer“更近”；B、louder“更大，更响”；C、faster“更快”；D、higher“更高”。根据下文“The louder we got，the louder she got．”当我们大声唱欢快的歌曲时，她也会如此．我们声音越大，她的声音也会随之变大，故选B。
（8）考查连词。句意：当我们在唱歌的时候，她也会和我们一起伸出手。A、As“随着，当.....时”；B、Because“因为”；C、Since“自从，既然”；D、Though“尽管”。as引导时间状语从句，故选A。
（9）考查动词。句意：当我们唱歌的时候，她也会和我们一起伸出手。A、moving“移动”；B、spreading“传播”；C、reaching“伸出”；D、coming“到来”。reach out固定短语，“伸出”，故选C。
（10）考查名词。句意：我认为我的责任是教会我的学生。A、interests“兴趣”；B、responsibilities“责任”；C、feelings“感觉”；D、abilities“能力”，故选B。
（11）考查动词短语。句意：我认为在照顾中心里工作的人会来照顾她的。A、deal with“处理”；B、turn to“求助，面向”；C、rely on“依靠”；D、care for“关心，照顾”。故选D。
（12）考查形容词。句意：意为：当我刚刚停止因为没有给她应有的关注而产生的内疚时，我其中一个学生告诉我这个假期的真正含义。A、sure“确定的”；B、sorry“内疚的”；
C、afraid“害怕的”；
D、scary“让人惊慌的”；guilty惭愧，故选B。
（13）考查动词。句意：Justin也关注到这个老太太。A、feared“害怕，唯恐”；B、avoided“避免”；C、noticed“注意到”；D、helped“帮助”。故选C。
（14）考查动词。句意：Justin 也注意到这个老太太，但是我们之间的区别在于我直接采取了行动，而我却没有。A、called“呼喊，打电话”，call on固定短语，“号召”；B、insisted“坚持”，insist on固定短语，“坚持”；C、acted“行动”，act on 固定短语，“对......付诸实施”；D、kept“坚持，维持”，keep on固定短语，“继续”。故选C。
（15）考查名词。A、eyes“眼睛”；B、hands“手”；C、tears“眼泪”；D、face“脸庞”。in one's eyes 固定短语，“看着某人的眼睛”。本句是指Justin看着老太太的眼睛说…．故选A。
（16）考查名词。A、body“身体”；B、flower“花朵”；C、time“时间”；D、cheek“脸颊”。take my time固定短语，“ 花费时间”。Justin说我会花时间让你知道这一点的，故选C。（17）考查名词。A、words“语言”；B、poems“诗歌”；C、expressions“短语，表情”；D、songs“歌曲”。没有任何语言可以表达当时令人感动的场面。故选A。
（18）考查动词。A、wasted“浪费”；B、took“花费”；C、caused“造成，引起”；D、
made“制造”。It takes sb some time to do sth.固定句型，“做某事花费了某人…时间等”。本句中It took a boy to teach me，a man about kindnes and love．一个男孩教会我一个成年人关于爱和善良．故选B。
（19）考查介词。Justin对别人完全无私的态度的例子是我永远不会忘记的教训。attitude towards固定短语，“对.....的态度”，故选D。
（20）考查形容词。A、lucky“幸运的”；B、foolish“愚蠢的”；C、right“正确的”；D、clever“聪明的”。我能够亲眼目睹这个人生课程是非常幸运的，故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，连词，介词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
3．请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入相应空白处的最佳选项。
Many books have been written about "the art of giving". And we also know that it's hard to give people a gift, 1 a personal one. If we want to make it better, we should understand who you will give the gift to and their likes and 2 .
As is often the case, some little kids think they don't get enough gifts 3 some old people think they get too many gifts. Different people like different kinds of gifts. Some presents are never too 4 . For example, when a little child just gives his or her mother a leaf from a tree, it is enough to make her very 5 .
Gift giving is different in different 6 . Here are some of their likes. In Japan, people sometimes give special gifts. But they are not opened. Later, the same gift may be given away to someone 7 , because many people have enough things and don't want 8 gifts themselves. In Canada, a tree can help remember a 9 . In the USA, some people ask their families and friends to give money to charity rather than buying them gifts. In Sweden, doing something for someone is the best gift. People don't need to 10 too much money. Instead, making a meal for him or her is enough.
To make things 11 , some people would rather just give money. In some cultures, however, 12 money can make people uncomfortable. "When someone gives me money, it just makes me think they're being lazy," says John Wilson. "In England, we have a saying: It's the thought that 13 . When someone gives me money, I feel they don't think it about at all. I prefer to receive a gift 14 has some thought behind it."
Different people have very different thoughts 15 this subject! So maybe the art of giving is difficult! What do you think?
1. A. usually B. especially C. commonly D. generally
2. A. dislikes B. unlike C. disadvantages D. disagreements
3. A. whether B. when C. if D. while
4. A. same B. similar C. small D. big
5. A. lonely B. happy C. angry D. good
6. A. cities B. towns C. counties D. countries
7. A. else B. other C. else's D. another
8. A. many too B. much too C. too many D. too much
9. A. child B. person C. guide D. teacher
10. A. spend B. take C. cost D. have
11. A. more difficult B. easily C. easier D. more easily
12. A. using B. giving C. receiving D. lending
13. A. counts B. invents C. finds D. knows
14. A. who B. what C. it D. that
15. A. in B. on C. before D. after
【答案】（1）B；（2）A；（3）D；（4）C；（5）B；（6）D；（7）A；（8）C；（9）B；（10）A；（11）C；（12）C；（13）A；（14）D；（15）B；
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，许多书里会写给予的艺术，但其实接受也需要艺术，有时接受一个礼物也是一件难事，并列举了一些国家送礼的例子，说明接受的艺术比给予的艺术更难。
（1）考查副词。A：usually“通常”；B：especially“尤其”；C：commonly“共同地”；D：“一般地”。根据下文“If we want to make it better，we should understand who you will give the gift to and their likes and…”可知此处表示我们也知道送给人们礼物很难，尤其是一个私人的礼物，选B。
（2）考查名词。A：dislikes“不喜欢的事物”；B：unlike“不像”；C：disadvantages“缺点”；D：disagreements“不同意，分歧”；。根据“If we want to make it better”如果我们想让赠送私人礼物更好一些，可推测我们应该了解你将会给谁礼物，并了解他们的喜好，才能使送出更适合的礼物，likes and dislikes表示“喜欢的和不喜欢的”，即喜好，选A。
（3）考查连词。A：whether“是否”；B：when“当….....时。这时”；C：if“如果，是否”；D：while “然而，当.....时候”。“some old people think they get too many gifts”与“some little kids think they don't get enough gift s”间是对比关系，选D。
（4）考查形容词。A：same“同样的”；B：similar“相似的”；C：small“小的”；D：big “大的”。根据“For example，when a little child just gives his or her mother a leaf from a tree，it is enough to make her very…”可知此处表示一些礼物是不会太小的，选C。
（5）考查形容词。A：lonely“寂寞的，荒凉的”；B：happy“开心的”；C：angry“生气的”；D：good “好的”。根据“when a little child just gives his or her mother a leaf from a tree”可推测这个行为足够使妈妈开心了，选B。
（6）考查名词。A：cities“城市”；B：towns“镇”；C：counties“县”；D：countries “国家”。根据下文列举的Japan，Canada，the USA等国家的例子可知此处表示赠送礼物在不同的国家是不同的，选D。
（7）考查代词。A：else“别的”；B：oth er“其他的”；C：else's“其他......的”；D：another “另一个”。不定代词后可接else，表示其他的某事物，此处的someone是不定代词，表示某人，此处表示其他的某人，故选A。
（8）考查固定短语。A：many too没有此搭配；B：much too“太......”；C：too many“太多”，修饰可数名词；D：too much “太多”，修饰不可数名词。此处修饰可数名词复数
gifts，选C。
（9）考查名词。A：child“孩子”；B：person“人”；C：guide“向导”；D：teacher “教师”。
结合语境可知此处表示在加拿大，一棵树可以帮助记得一个人，选B。
（10）考查动词。A：spend“花费（时间，金钱）”，主语为人；B：take“花费（时间）”，
主语为物；C：cost“花费（金钱）”，主语为物；D：have“有，使”。根据“Instead，making a meal for him or her is enough”可知此处表示人们不需要花太多钱，主语people是人，选A。
（11）考查形容（副）词。A：more difficult“更难的”；B：easily“容易地”；C：easier“更容
易的”；D：more easily“更容易地” 。根据“some people would rather just give money”可知此
处表示为了使事情变得更简便，一些人宁愿只是送钱，暗含比较级，用easy的比较级表示
更简便的，选C。
（12）考查动词。A：using“使用”；B：giving“给予”；C：receiving“接收，收到”；D：lending “借出”。根据“When someone gives me money，it just makes me think they're being lazy”可知此处表示然而，接受钱会使一些人不舒服，选C。
（13）考查动词。A：counts“数数，重要”；B：invents“发明”；C：finds“发现”；D：knows“知道”。根据“When someone gives me money，I feel they don't think it about at all．I prefer to receive a gift 14 has some thought behind it”可知此处表示重要的是想法，选A。（14）考查定语从句。 has some thought behind it是一个限制性引导定语从句，先行
词是a gift，在从句中缺主语，可用that和which引导，选D。
（15）考查介词。A：in“在......里”；B：on“在......上，关于”；C：before“在.....之前”；D：after “在......之后”。．结合语境可知此处表示在这个主题上不同的人有不同的想法，选B。【点评】本题考点涉及副词，动词，名词，形容词，连词，代词，介词，定语从句，固定
短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一
步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处
的最佳选项。
Miwa Sado is a Japanese journalist who died in 2013 after working too hard. Her case became 1 this week after labour inspectors published a detailed 2 .
The journalist worked 159 hours of overtime a month and then died of heart failure at home. She was working 3 for Japan's public broadcaster NHK, which is Japan's largest broadcasting 4 . At the time of her death she was gathering information on a Tokyo 5 for the next governor.
The death of Sado is expected to make the Japanese government more 6 of the health risks 7 in working too much. According to a survey, about one 8 five workers risks
a critical(严重的) health condition because of too 9 work. Now the government wants to
10 overtime to a maximum of 100 hours a month and 11 companies that do not obey.
In another case 12 became known, 24-year-old Matsuri Takahashi, killed herself in 2015 after suffering from 13 and working long hours for a Japanese advertising agency.
Japanese employees, 14 , work more hours than anywhere else in the Western world.
They also 15 only a third of the holidays they are entitled to. Many Japanese work hard in order to show that they are loyal(忠诚的) to their 16 . In 2016, two thousand Japanese workers killed themselves due to stress and 17 . Many others died from stress-related diseases, 18 from heart attacks and high blood pressure. The Japanese 19 such work-related deaths as "karoshi"(过劳死).
We can conclude from above that too much work does 20 stress and illnesses. Therefore, the Japanese government has launched a campaign encouraging people to enjoy their holidays.
1. A. uncertain B. suspected C. confused D. public
2. A. report B. book C. headline D. scheme
3. A. unwillingly B. wholeheartedly C. secretly D. severely
4. A. hospital B. school C. community D. organization
5. A. motivation B. instruction C. election D. position
6. A. afraid B. aware C. demanding D. guilty
7. A. involved B. investigated C. concluded D. assisted
8. A. of B. in C. to D. on
9. A. little B. few C. much D. many
10. A. limit B. assess C. suspect D. submit
11. A. honour B. praise C. reward D. fine
12. A. that B. where C. when D. whose
13. A. violence B. loneliness C. unemployment D. stress
14. A. in conclusion B. on average C. after all D. above all
15. A. connect B. convince C. consume D. control
16. A. teachers B. friends C. companies D. parents
17. A. overview B. overwork C. overweight D. overflow
18. A. suffering B. keeping C. hearing D. resulting
19. A. lead to B. depend on C. link to D. look on
20. A. expose B. make C. cause D. reduce
【答案】（1）D；（2）A；（3）B；（4）D；（5）C；（6）B；（7）A；（8）B；（9）C；（10）A；（11）D；（12）A；（13）D；（14）B；（15）C；（16）C；（17）B；（18）A；（19）D；（20）C；
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，借日本女记者Miwa Sado 的死亡事件，向读者讲述了日本社会的“过劳死”现象和过劳死的原因，以及该事件对日本社会造成的影响。日本政府意识到超负荷工作的危险，已发起运动鼓励国民享受假期。
（1）考查形容词。A：uncertain“不确定的”；B：suspected“被怀疑的”；C：confused“困惑的”；D：public“公众的”。日本女记者Miwa Sado 的死亡事件，在劳工督察发布了一个详细报告后，于本周公布于众。become/go public“公开发布，公布于众”，故选D。
（2）考查名词。A：report“报告”；B：book“书”；C：headline“新闻提要，头条新闻”；D：scheme “主题”。publish a detailed report“公开发布一个详尽的报告”。故选A。
（3）考查副词。A：unwillingly“不情愿地”；B：wholeheartedly“全心全意地，全神贯注地”；C：secretly“秘密地”；D：severely“严厉地”。根据上文可知，该记者一个月加班159个小时，最终死于心力衰竭，可见她是全身心地投入到工作中去。故选B。
（4）考查名词。A：hospital“医院”；B：school“学校”；C：community“社区”；D：organization“组织，机构”。 NHK指日本放送协会，日本的一个大众传播机构。故选D。（5）考查名词。A：motivati on“动机”；B：instruction“指导”；C：election“选举”；D：position “位置”。根据下文“for the next governor”判断出，Miwa Sado正在为东京的下一任管辖者竞选收集信息。故选C。
（6）考查形容词。A：afraid“害怕的”；B：aware“有意识的”；C：demanding“苛刻的”；D：guilty“内疚的”。大家期望Miwa Sado 的死亡事件会给日本政府敲响警钟，从而使他们意识到超负荷工作带来的健康风险。故选B。
（7）考查动词。A：involved“涉及”；B：investigated“调查”；C：concluded“总结”；D：assisted“帮助”。大家期望Miwa Sado 的死亡事件会给日本政府敲响警钟，从而使他们意识到超负荷工作带来的健康风险。故选A。
（8）考查介词。one out of/in five“五分之一”。故选B。
（9）考查形容词。调查显示，五分之一的工人因为过度工作而有患重病的风险。故选C。
（10）考查动词。A：limit“限制”；B：assess“评估”；C：suspect“怀疑”；D：sub mit“呈递”。意识到了问题的严重性，日本政府打算把每月的加班时间限制到100个小时，并对不遵守规定的公司进行罚款。故选A。
（11）考查名词。A：honour“尊敬”；B：praise“表扬”；C：reward“报答”；D：fine“罚款”。意识到了问题的严重性，日本政府打算把每月的加班时间限制到100个小时，并对不遵守规定的公司进行罚款。故选D。
（12）考查定语从句。此处“…became known…”是定语从句，修饰先行词another case。从句中缺少主语，故用that，选A。
（13）考查名词。A：violence“暴力”；B：loneliness“孤独，寂寞”；C：unemployment“失业”；D：stress “压力”。二十四岁的Matsuri Takahashi自杀也是由于工作压力大，工作时间长。故选D。
（14）考查介词短语。A：in conclusion“总之”；B：on average“平均”；C：after all“毕竟”；D：above all “最重要的是”。日本员工的平均工作时间比西方其他地方要高出许多。故选B。
（15）考查动词。A：connect“连接”；B：convince“使相信”；C：consume“消费”；D：control“控制”。日本的员工只消费了他们享有的假期的三分之一。故选C。
（16）考查名词。A：teachers“教师”；B：friends“朋友”；C：companies“公司”；D：parents “父母”。卖力地工作当然显示的是对公司的忠诚。故选C。
（17）考查动词。A：overview“概述”；B：overwork“过度工作”；C：overweight“超重”；D：overflow“溢出”。因为压力大，过度工作而引起自杀。故选B。
（18）考查动词。A：suffering“遭受，患有”；B：keeping“保留”；C：hearing“听见”；D：resulting “导致”。其他许多人死于与压力相关的疾病，如患有心脏病、高血压。suffer from
固定短语，“遭受”。故选A。
（19）考查动词短语。句意：日本人把这种工作相关的死亡称为“过劳死”。look on…as....
固定短语，“把……看作”，故选D。
（20）考查动词。A：expose“暴露”；B：make“制作，使”；C：cause“引起”；D：reduc e“减少”。太多的工作的确会使人有压力，引发疾病。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，介词，定语从句，固定短语等多个知
识点的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上
下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
5．阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
Long long ago, a circle missed one piece of its own. The circle wanted to be whole, so it went around looking for its 1 piece. But because it was 2 and therefore could roll only very slowly, it 3 the flowers along the way. It 4 with the worms. It enjoyed the sunshine. It found lots of different pieces, but 5 of them fitted. So it left them all by the side of the road and 6 searching. Then one day the circle found a piece that fitted 7 It incorporated the missing piece into itself and began to roll. 8 it was a perfect circle, it could roll very fast, 9 fast to notice the flowers or talk to the worms. After it realized how different the world seemed when it rolled so quickly, it 10 , left its found piece by the side
of the road and rolled slowly away.
The 11 of the story, I suggest, is that in some strange 12 we are more whole when we are missing something. The man who has 13 is in some ways a poor man. He will never know what it 14 like to nourish his soul with the dream of something 15 . When we accept that 16 is part of being human and when we can continue rolling 17 life and appreciate it, we will have 18 a wholeness that others can only desire, which , I believe, is 19 God asks of us — not "Be perfect", not "Don't even make a mistake", 20 "Be whole".
1. A. other B. missing C. rest D. remaining
2. A. incomplete B. ugly C. ordinary D. unusual
3. A. picked B. watered C. admired D. planted
4. A. played B. chatted C. sang D. danced
5. A. neither B. each C. all D. none
6. A. carried out B. put on C. worked out D. kept on
7. A. especially B. permanently C. perfectly D. constantly
8. A. Although B. Now that C. Unless D. As long as
9. A. very B. too C. so D. how
10. A. stopped B. continued C. hesitated D. cried
11. A. lesson B. root C. reason D. cause
12. A. degree B. level C. sense D. manner
13. A. nothing B. something C. little D. everything
14. A. smells B. feels C. looks D. sounds
15. A. better B. common C. impractical D. worse
16. A. strength B. kindness C. imperfection D. benefit
17. A. behind B. at C. of D. through
18. A. recognized B. searched C. achieved D. founded
19. A. which B. how C. that D. what
20. A. but B. while C. and D. otherwise
【答案】（1）B；（2）A；（3）C；（4）B；（5）D；（6）D；（7）C；（8）B；（9）B；（10）A；（11）A；（12）C；（13）D；（14）B；（15）A；（16）C；（17）D；（18）C；（19）D；（20）A；
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，通过一个圆从追求完美到享受自己的不完美我们看到，人无完人，世界上没有十全十美的东西，只有不断完善自我，有目标有追求的人才会拥有完美的人生。
（1）考查形容词。A. other “其它的、另外的”；B. missing “缺少的、缺失的”；C. rest“其它的”；D. remaining“剩下的”。上文说一个圆少了一块，所以这里用missing表示寻找缺少的那一块,前后一致。故选B。
（2）考查形容词。A. incomplete“不完整的”；B. ugly“丑陋的”；C. ordinary“普通的”；D. unusual“不同寻常的”。缺一块的圆当然应该是不完整的。故选A。
（3）考查动词。A. picked“挑选、采摘”；B. watered“浇水”；C. admired“欣赏”；D. planted“种植”。它欣赏着沿途的花。故选C。
（4）考查动词。A. played“玩”；B. chatted“聊天”；C. sang“唱歌”；D. danced“舞蹈”。根据下文“talk to the worms”可知这里是：它和小虫子们聊天。结合语境可知选B。
（5）考查代词。A. neither“二者都不”；B. each“每一个”；C. all“所有的”；D. none“没有人、没有任何东西”。他发现很多不同的东西，但是没有一个适合。根据前后的意思可知选D。
（6）考查动词短语。A. carried out“执行”；B. pu t on“穿上、上演”；C. worked out “结果是”；D. kept on“继续”。它把它们都丢在路边，然后继续寻找。故选D。
（7）考查副词。A. especially“尤其是”；B. permanently“永久地”；C. perfectly“完美地”；D. constantly“不断地”。然后有一天，圆找到一块非常合适的。它装上自己丢失的那片，开始滚动。故选C。
（8）考查连词。A. Although“虽然、尽管”；B. Now that“既然、由于”；C. Unless“除非”；D. As long as“只要”。由于现在它是一个完整的圆了，所以它能滚动地很快。故选B。
（9）考查副词。A. very“很”；B. too“太”；C. so“如此、因此”；D. how“如何”。这里运用了too…to...“太……而不能”。它滚动得太快了以至于都没有注意到花，也没用和那些小虫子说话。故选B。
（10）考查动词。句意：当它意识到转得快时世界是如此的不同之后，它就停下来。A. stopped“停止”；B. continued“继续”；C. hesitated“犹豫”；D. cried“哭、喊”。故选A。（11）考查名词。A. lesson“课、教训、启示”；B. root“根”；C. reason“理由”；D. cause“原因、事业”。我建议从这个故事中得到的启示是…。故选A。
（12）考查名词。句意：很奇怪，当我们缺失了某些东西时，我们会更完整。 A. degree“程度”；B. level“水平、标准”；C. sense“感觉”；D. manner“方式”。in some sense固
定短语，“从某种意义上说”，故选C。
（13）考查代词。A. nothing“没有什么”；B. something“某事、某物”；C. little“少许”；D. everything“一切”。拥有一切的人在某些方面说却是一个穷人。故选D。
（14）考查动词。A. smells“闻起来”；B. feels“摸起来”；C. looks“看起来”；D. sounds“听起来”。他永远不会知道滋养他灵魂的土壤的感觉是什么。故选B。
（15）考查副词。A. better”更好的“；B. common”常见的“；C. impractical”不现实的“；D. worse”更糟的是“。拥有更好的东西梦想的会怎样。选A。
（16）考查名词。A. strength”力量“；B. kindness”善良“；C. imperfection”不完美、缺点“；D. benefit”利益、好处“。当我们接受了人无完人这个事实时。故选C。
（17）考查介词。A. behind”在……之后“；B. at”在“；C. of”……的“；D. through”穿过、通过“。当我们能一生不断滚动并享受它时。故选D。
（18）考查动词。A. recognized”认出"；B. searched“寻找”；C. achieved“完成、获得”；D. founded“成立”。我们就会获得其他人只能羡慕的完美。故选C。
（19）考查表语从句。我相信这就是上帝要我们成为的人。A. which “哪一个”；B. how“怎样”；C. that“那个"；D. what"什么"。故选D。
（20）考查连词。不是完美的人，不是一点错误都不犯的人，而是做一个完整的人。A. but”但是“；B. while”然而、虽然“；C. and”和、然后“；D. otherwise”否则“。这里用了not…but连接词，不是……而是。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，代词，副词，介词，连词，固定短语等多个
知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，进一步根据
上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
6．完形填空
Early decision you apply to one school, and admission is binding(有法律约束力的) seems like a great choice for nervous applicants. Schools 1 a higher percentage of early-decision applicants, which arguably means that you have a better chance of being enrolled. And if you do, you're done with the whole painful process by December. But most students and parents don't realize that schools have hidden 2 for offering early decision.
Early decision, since it's binding, allows schools to fill their classes with qualified students; it allows 3 committees to select the students that are in particular demand for their college and know those students will come. It also gives schools a higher yield rate (优秀学生率), which
is often used as one of the ways to 4 college selectivity and popularity.
The problem is that this process effectively 5 the window of time students have to make one of the most important decisions of their lives up to that point. Under 6 admissions, seniors have to choose which school to attend until May 1; early decision effectively steals six months from them, months that could be used to visit more schools, do more research, speak to current students and alumni (校友) and make a more 7 decision.
For any given student in America, whatever their levels are, there are a number of schools that
are a great 8 . When students become too fixed on a particular school early in the admissions process, that fixation can lead to 9 severe disappointment if they don't get in or, if they do, it is likely that they are now bound to go to a school that, given time for further 10 , may not actually be right for them.
Early decision offers a genuine admissions edge. That advantage goes largely to students who already have 11 advantages. The students who use early decision tend to be those who have received higher-quality college guidance, usually a result of coming from a more advantaged background. 12 , there's an argument against early decision, as students from lower-income families are far less likely to have the admissions know-how (招生诀窍) to 13 figure out the often confusing early deadlines.
Students who have done their research and are confident that there's one school they would
be thrilled to get into should, under the current system, probably 14 under early decision. For students who haven't yet done enough research, or who are still constantly changing their minds on favorite schools, the early-decision system needlessly and prematurely 15 the field of possibility just at a time when students should be opening themselves to a whole range of thrilling options.
1. A. let in B. turn down C. make up D. give away
2. A. dangers B. costs C. assumptions D. purposes
3. A. admissions B. joint C. inquiry D. investigative
4. A. detail B. measure C. achieve D. represent
5. A. neglects B. provides C. shortens D. marks
6. A. future B. regular C. random D. compulsory
7. A. informed B. honoured C. imposed D. complicated
8. A. fit B. aid C. hit D. net
9. A. therefore B. otherwise C. however D. furthermore
10. A. comment B. enhancement C. implication D. reflection
11. A. mutual B. favourite C. numerous D. temporary
12. A. In other words B. In this regard C. In particular D. In brief
13. A. hesitantly B. relatively C. deliberately D. efficiently
14. A. consult B. volunteer C. adjust D. apply
15. A. occupies B. encloses C. narrows D. explores
【答案】（1）A；（2）D；（3）A；（4）B；（5）C；（6）B；（7）A；（8）A；（9）B；（10）D；（11）C；（12）B；（13）D；（14）D；（15）C；
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讨论了大学提前申请政策的目的以及存在的弊端。（1）考查动词短语。句意：学校让提前申请的学生入学，这意味着你更有可能被录取。
大学通过提前录取的方式，提前让学生进入大学。A. let in“让……进入”；B. turn down“拒绝”；C. make up“组成”；D. give away“泄露”。故选A。
（2）考查名词。句意：但是大多数学生和家长没有意识到学校提供提前申请所隐含的目的。A. dangers“危险”；B. costs“花费”；C. assumptions“假定”；D. p urposes“目的、”。根据第
三段可知，短文解释了大学提前申请政策的目的，所以判断出作者通过but转折句来说明
大多数学生和家长没有意识到学校提供提前申请所隐含的目的。故选D。
（3）考查名词。句意：它允许招生委员会挑选对他们的大学有特殊需求的学生，他们知道这些学生会来报到的。A. admissions“许可，录用”；B. joint“联合”；C. inquiry“询问”；D. investigative“调查”。admission committee固定短语，“招生委员会”，这是大学招生的机构。故选A。
（4）考查动词。。句意：这会提高学校的优秀学生率，这通常被用作衡量大学被选择性和受欢迎程度的方法之一。优秀学生率高低是衡量大学被选择性和受欢迎程度的方法之一。A. detail“详细说明”；B. measure“衡量，测量”；C. achieve“实现”；D. represent“代表”。故选B。
（5）考查动词。句意：问题是，这一过程有效地缩短了学生做出人生最重要决定的时间。A. neglects“忽略”；B. provides“提供”；C. shortens“缩短”；D. marks“做标记”。根据下文“decision effectively steals six months from them”可知，提前申请的决定实际上从他们那里偷走了六个月的时间，所以缩短了学生做出人生最重要决定的时间。故选C。
（6）考查形容词。句意：在正常的招生情况下，高年级学生必须在5月1日之前选择就读哪所学校。A. future“未来的”；B. regular“定期的，有规律的”；C. random“随意的”；D. compulsory“义务的”。提前申请缩短了学生做出决定的时间，所以作者将正常招生情况下的时间与提前申请的时间进行了对比。故选B。
（7）考查形容词。句意：提前申请的决定实际上从他们那里偷走了六个月的时间，这些时间可以用来参观更多的学校，做更多的研究，和现在的学生和校友交谈，并做出更明智的决定。A. informed“有依据的”；B. honoured“深感荣幸的”；C. imposed“施加的”；D. complicated“复杂的”。根据“visit more schools, do more research, speak to current students and alumni (校友) ”可知，参观更多的学校，做更多的研究，和现在的学生和校友交谈。所以这些渠道的信息有利于做出有依据的决定。故选A。
（8）考查名词。句意：对于美国的任何一个学生来说，无论他们的水平如何，都有很多学校非常适合他们。A. fit“适合，合身”；B. aid“帮助”；C. hit“打击”；D. net“网”。whatever 引导让步状语从句，所以根据主从句的关系，可以判断出fit符合语境。故选A。
（9）考查副词。句意：当学生在入学的早期阶段对某所学校过于执着时，如果他们不能入学，这种执着会在其他方面导致严重的失望，或者，如果他们能入学，他们现在很可能会进入某所学校，如果给他们时间作进一步的思考，他们会认为所选择的学校可能实际上并不适合他们。A. therefore“因此”；B. otherwise“在其他方面”；C. however“然而”；D. furthermore“此外”。otherwise“用来表示如果不能入学，在很多方面会导致孩子的失望，意在说不能入学所带来后果的严重性。故选B。
（10）考查名词。句意：学生在入学的早期阶段对某所学校过于执着时，如果他们不能入学，这种执着会导致严重的失望，或者，如果他们能入学，他们现在很可能会去那种，如果给他们时间作进一步的思考，所选择的学校可能实际上并不适合他们。A. comment“评论”；B. enhancement“增强”；C. implication“暗示”；D. reflection“思考”。根据“may not actually be right for them”可知，所选择的学校可能实际上并不适合他们。所以判断出一定是经过思考，才认为所选择的学校可能实际上并不适合他们。故选D。
（11）考查形容词。句意：这一优势在很大程度上属于那些已经拥有众多优势的学生。A.
mutual“相互的”；B. favourite“最喜爱的”；C. numerous“许多的”；D. temporary“临时的”。根据下文“have received higher-quality college guidance, usually a result of coming from a more advantaged background.”可知，使用提前申请决策的学生往往是那些接受了更高质量大学的指导，这通常是来自更有优势的背景。所以判断出这样的学生有许多的优势。故选C。（12）考查介词短语。句意：在这方面，有人反对提前申请政策，因为来自低收入家庭的学生不太可能拥有有效解决经常令人困惑的提前申请截止日期的招生知识。A. In other words“换句话说”；B. In this regard“在这方面”；C. In particular“特别”；D. In brief“总之”。In this regard来表明有人就这个方面对提前申请政策提出了反对观点。故选B。
（13）考查副词。句意：提前申请的学生往往是那些接受了更高质量大学指导的学生，这通常对他们是有优势的背景。在这方面，有人反对提前申请，因为来自低收入家庭的学生不太可能有效弄明白经常令人困惑的提前申请截止日期的招生知识。A. hesitantly“犹豫地”；B. relatively“相对地”；C. deliberately“故意地”；D. efficiently“有效地”。由“confusing”可知，来自低收入家庭的学生在弄明白令人困惑的提前申请截止日期的招生知识方面是困难的。故选D。
（14）考查动词。句意：在目前的制度下，那些已经完成研究并确信他们很高兴进入某所学校的学生应该提前申请。A. consul t“咨询”；B. volunteer“自愿”；C. adjust“调整”；D. apply“申请”。事先都准备好了，都已经决定去哪所学校了，所以应该提前申请，这符合常识。故选D。
（15）考查动词。句意：对于还没有做足够研究的学生，或者仍然在不断改变他们对喜欢的学校的想法的学生，提前申请体系不必要地过早地缩小了可能性的范围，而此时学生们应该对一系列令人兴奋的选择敞开心扉。A. occupies“占领”；B. encloses“圈起”；C. narrows“限制”；D. explores“探索”。因为没有研究或者在不断改变着想法，所以提前申请体系势必会缩小可选择的范围。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
7．Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
“Nature and Nurture”
People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviour are formed. However, it is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not, or why one is cooperative and another is 1 .
Social scientists are of course 2 interested in these types of questions. They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behaviour. There are no clear answers yet, but two 3 schools of thought on the matter have developed. As one might expect, the two approaches are very different from each other, and there is a great deal of debate between 4 of each theory. The controversy(争论) is often conveniently referred to as “nature and nurture”.
Those who 5 the “nature” side of the conflict believe that our personalities and
behaviour patterns are 6 determined by biological factors. That our environment has little,
if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics and behaviour is 7 to this theory. Taken
to an extreme, this theory states that our behaviour is predetermined to such a great degree that we are almost completely governed by our 8 .
Supporters of the “nurture” theory, or, as they are often called, 9 , claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act. A behaviorist, B. F. Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behaviour is almost completely 10 by their surroundings. The behaviorists' view of the human being is quite mechanistic. They state that, like machines, humans respond to 11 stimuli(刺激) as the basis of their behaviour.
Socially and politically, the consequences of these two theories are 12 . In the US, for example, blacks often score below whites on standardized intelligence tests. This leads some “nature” supporters to conclude that bla cks are genetically lower in status than whites are. Behaviorists, 13 , say that the differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often robbed of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy, and that, as a result, they do not develop the same 14 that whites do.
Neither of these theories can yet fully explain human behaviour. As a matter of fact, it is quite 15 that the key to our behaviour lies somewhere between these two extremes and that the controversy will continue for a long time is certain.
1. A. sensitive B. productive C. competitive D. aggressive
2. A. moderately B. extremely C. reluctantly D. scarcely
3. A. distinct B. reliable C. relevant D. equal
4. A. objectors B. operators C. opponents D. advocates
5. A. claim B. support C. resolve D. inherit
6. A. completely B. largely C. thoroughly D. merely
7. A. sensitive B. open C. central D. subject
8. A. abilities B. capacities C. personalities D. instincts
9. A. experts B. scientists C. environmentalists D. behaviorists
10. A. shaped B. dominated C. oppressed D. restricted
11. A. environmental B. biological C. genetic D. psychological
12. A. temporary B. slight C. fatal D. far-reaching
13. A. on the contrary B. as a whole C. after all D. for instance
14. A. habits B. responses C. characteristics D. advantages
15. A. necessary B. impossible C. unreasonable D. likely
【答案】（1）C；（2）B；（3）A；（4）D；（5）B；（6）B；（7）C；（8）D；（9）D；（10）A；（11）A；（12）D；（13）A；（14）B；（15）D；
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了人的个性和智力是先天形成的还是受环境影
响的两种理论。
（1）考查形容词。A. sensitive“敏感的”；B. productive“多产的”；C. competitive“竞争的”；D. aggressive“侵略性的，有进取心的”。此句与上文“why one person is intelligent and another
is not”是并列的，空格处填的是与前面cooperative相对的词，故选C。
（2）考查副词。A. moderately“适度地”；B. extremely“极其，非常地”；C. reluctantly“不情愿地”；D. scarcely“几乎不，简直不”。社会科学家当然对这类问题非常感兴趣。故选B。（3）考查形容词。A. distinct“明显的”；B. reliable“可靠的”；C. relevant“相关的”；D. equal“平等的”。目前还没有明确的答案，但在这个问题上已经形成了两种截然不同的思想流派。选A。
（4）考查名词。A. objectors“反对者”；B. operators“操作者”；C. oppone nts“对手”；D. advocates“提倡者”。正如人们可能预期的那样，这两种方法截然不同，而且每种理论的支持者之间存在着大量的争论。根据文中的debate可知，应该是“支持者”之间的争论，故选D。
（5）考查动词。A. claim“要求，声称”；B. support“支持”；C. resolve“溶解”；D. inherit“继承”。那些支持冲突“本性”一面的人认为，我们的个性和行为模式在很大程度上是由生物因素决定的。根据文中的believe可知，这里应该是指“支持者”，故选B。
（6）考查副词。A. completely“完全地”；B. largely“主要地，大部分”；C. thoroughly“彻底地”；D. merely“仅仅，只不过”。那些支持冲突“本性”一面的人认为，我们的个性和行为模式在很大程度上是由生物因素决定的。故选B。
（7）考查形容词。A. sensitive“敏感的”；B. open“公开的”；C. central“中心的”；D. subject“服从的”。我们的环境与我们的能力、特征和行为几乎没有任何关系，这对这一理论是极为重要的。be central to“对……极为重要的”，故选C。
（8）考查名词。A. abilities“能力”；B. capacities“性能”；C. personalities“人格，个性”；D. instincts“本能”。极端地说，这个理论认为，我们的行为在很大程度上是预先决定的，以至于我们几乎完全受本能的支配。by our instincts固定短语，“通过我们的本能”，故选D。（9）考查名词。A. experts“专家”；B. scientists“科学家”；C. environmentalists“环保人士”；
D. behavio rists“行为主义者”。“后天培养”理论的支持者，或者如他们通常所说的，行为主义者，声称在决定我们如何行动时，我们的环境比我们基于生物学的本能更重要。故选D。
（10）考查动词。A. shaped“发展，成形，塑造”；B. dominated“控制，统治”；C. oppressed“压迫，折磨”；D. restricted“限制”。行为学家B. F. Skinner认为，人类的行为几乎完全是由周围环境塑造的。此处shape的意思是“塑造，成形”，故选A。
（11）考查形容词。A. environmen tal“环境的”；B. biological“生物的”；C. genetic“遗传的”；D. psychological“心理学的”。他们指出，就像机器一样，人类对环境刺激的反应是其行为的基础。故选A。
（12）考查形容词。A. temporary“临时的”；B. slight“轻微的”；C. fatal“致命的，重大的”；
D. far-reaching“深远的”。在社会和政治上，这两种理论的影响是深远的。故选D。
（13）考查固定短语。A. on the contrary“相反”；B. as a wh ole“总的来说”；C. after all“毕竟，终究”；D. for instance“例如”。相反，行为主义者认为，分数上的差异是由于这样一个事实，即黑人常常被剥夺了白人享有的许多教育和其他环境方面的优势，因此，他们的反应与白人不同。故选A。
（14）考查名词。A. habits“习惯”；B. responses“回应”；C. characteristics“特性”；D.
advantages“优势”。相反，行为主义者认为，分数上的差异是由于这样一个事实，即黑人常
常被剥夺了白人享有的许多教育和其他环境方面的优势，因此，他们的反应与白人不同。
故选B。
（15）考查形容词。A. necessary“必要的”；B. impossible“不可能的”；C. unreasonable“不合
理的”；D. likely“很可能的”。事实上，我们行为的关键很可能就在这两个极端之间，争议肯
定会持续很长一段时间。It is likely that…，固定句式，“很可能”，故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一
篇科普类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行
分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
8．阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白
处的最佳选项。
As human beings, we are alike in many ways. Yet 1 our similarities, no two people are exactly the same. Even identical twins 2 different life experiences. Just because of these 3 , a "one size fits all" solution will rarely be the most 4 answer to our problems.
One of my life 5 is to find what works for me best, and forget the rest. Just that something works great for someone else, doesn't 6 mean that it will work well for me. I have found that I am most successful when I 7 any new method or strategy I learn to my
8 situation.
A perfect example of why it's best to find what works for you is when it 9 to trying to pick a diet and an exercise plan. There are 10 diet plans and exercise programs out there
to choose from, and it 11 be quite overwhelming (难以应付的). With diet plans you have to consider food allergies, how 12 the food is if you are away from home most of the time, and many other 13 . With exercise programs you have to consider your starting level of fitness, and health issues that might 14 your ability to do the program, and whether you actually enjoy the exercise enough to 15 with it. Many people like jogging, but it is probably my least 16 form of exercise. By finding more suitable and enjoyable 17 that give me the same 18 or better, it is easier to stick with my exercise program.
You 19 yourself better than anyone, so don't be afraid to experiment with different solutions to whatever you are trying to achieve. Don't 20 use something because it is "the best", or because it worked great for someone else. Find what works best for you, and forget the rest.
1. A. beyond B. above C. despite D. through
2. A. come up with B. put up with C. go on with D. end up with
3. A. differences B. similarities C. experiences D. characters
4. A. technical B. practical C. physical D. medical
5. A. solutions B. experiences C. emotions D. principles
6. A. unfortunately B. eventually C. necessarily D. immediately
7. A. refuse B. adapt C. examine D. discover
8. A. personal B. natural C. musical D. political
9. A. adds B. comes C. leads D. contributes
10. A. various B. unique C. boring D. colorful
11. A. must B. should C. will D. can
12. A. comfortable B. portable C. changeable D. reasonable
13. A. factors B. facts C. problems D. programs
14. A. improve B. adopt C. affect D. promote
15. A. chat B. communicate C. agree D. stick
16. A. favorite B. harmful C. difficult D. expensive
17. A. challenges B. alternatives C. diets D. experiments
18. A. grades B. results C. marks D. signs
19. A. observe B. express C. teach D. know
20. A. just B. still C. yet D. already
【答案】（1）C；（2）D；（3）A；（4）B；（5）D；（6）C；（7）B；（8）A；（9）B；（10）A；（11）D；（12）B；（13）A；（14）C；（15）D；（16）A；（17）B；（18）B；（19）D；（20）A；
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作为人类，我们在很多方面都是相似的。然而，尽管我们有相似之处，但没有两个人是完全一样的。我的人生原则之一就是找到最适合我的东西，而忘记其余的。你比任何人都更了解自己，所以不要害怕尝试不同的解决方案来达到你想要达到的目标。不要只是使用某物，因为它是“最好的”，或者因为它对别人很有用。
（1）考查介词。A. beyond“超过”；B. above“在……之上”；C. despite“尽管”；D. through“通过”。然而，尽管我们有相似之处，但没有两个人是完全一样的。故选C。
（2）考查动词短语。A. come up with“提出”；B. put up with“忍受”；C. go on with“继续”；D. end up with“以……结束”。即使是同卵双胞胎也会有不同的生活经历。故选D。
（3）考查名词。A. differences“区分”；B. similarities“相似”；C. experiences“经历”；D. characters“人物”。仅仅因为这些差异，“一种适合所有”的解决方案将很少是解决我们问题的最实际的答案。故选A。
（4）考查形容词。A. technical“工艺的”；B. practical“实用的”；C. physical“身体上的”；D. medical“医学的”。仅仅因为这些差异，“一种适合所有”的解决方案将很少是解决我们问题的最实际的答案。故选B。
（5）考查名词。A. solutions“解决方法”；B. experiences“经历”；C. emotions“情感”；D. principles“原则”。我的人生原则之一就是找到最适合我的东西，而忘记其余的。故选D。（6）考查副词。A. unfortunately“不幸地”；B. eventually“最后”；C. necessarily“必要地”；D. immediately“立刻”。只是有些东西对别人来说很有用，但这并不意味着它对我很有效。故选C。
（7）考查动词。A. refuse“拒绝”；B. adapt“适应”；C. examine“检查”；D. discover“发现”。我发现，当我适应任何新的方法或策略时，我是最成功的。故选B。
（8）考查形容词。A. per sonal“个人的”；B. natural“自然的”；C. musical“音乐的”；D.
高中英语完形填空解题技巧和训练 一、首句信息 完形填空通常首句不设空，目的是让考生迅速进入主题，熟悉语言环境，建立正确的思维导向。英语中首句通常是文章的主题句，把握了主旨句对于理解全文和解题很有帮助。 (广东卷) It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped in special classes. The __1__ is based on the belief that in regular classes these children are held back in their intellectual (智力的) growth by __2__ situation that has designed for the __3__ children. 1. A. principle B. theory C. argument D. classification 2. A. designing B. grouping C. learning D. living 3. A. smart B. curious C. mature D. average 二、注意前后语境，暗示信息 考查考生根据上下文提供的信息进行分析及推理的能力。 考生在做题时要有全局观念，进行连贯性思维，做题时要把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来理解，进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。难选之处通常前后多有暗示。 这种暗示多为后面暗示前面。 （广东卷）“As a matter of fact, I’ve got someone in the office at this very moment who might ___49___.” She wrote down a number, and held it out to me, saying: “Ring up this lady. She wants a cook immediately. In fact, you would have to start tomorrow by cooking a dinner for ten people.” 49. A. hire B. accept C. suit D. offer 三、注意固定搭配，熟记常见句型， 考查考生对常见的英语固定短语和习惯用法的掌握情况。如动词与名词的搭配；动词与介词或副词的搭配；介词与名词的搭配等。这类搭配在高考完形填空中时有出现。 I admired the fact that he would talk to students outside the classroom or talk with them ___44___the telephone. 44. A. with B. by C. from D. on (陕西)The second rich man, seeing the worrying situation, stopped for a short time and gave the villagers all his food and drink, since he could see that money would be of little __34__ to them. 34. A. interest B. concern C. use D. attraction 四、注意词语辨析 考查考生在特定语境中区别近义词的能力。四个选项词性相同，意义相近，要求在特定的语境中区分它们之间的细微差别。一般说来，其中的两个选项容易排除，难辨的是两个。 Although I last met this man eight years ago, I have not forgotten his ___37_ qualities. First of all … 37. A. basic B. special C. common D. particular （全国卷）Once he ___42___ sang a song in class in order to make a point clear. 42. A. also B. nearly C. even D. only
完形填空解题技巧 一、命题特点： 1.短文长度300词左右，以记叙文、夹叙夹议为主。记叙文故事情节多有曲折，结果出乎意料，这种是主要的故事结构。 2.首句无空格，是为了降低难度，提供一个理解全文的完整信息句，帮助熟悉短文的背景、主题或文体，一定要重视并读懂首句。 3.四选项为同一类词或属同一范畴，或近义或反义，或与前后配成词组。故干扰性、迷性大。考查单词以实词(v., n., adj., adv., pron.)为主，虚词(conj,prep.)为辅。实词一般占80%-90%。 4.考查内容：词汇40%，逻辑思辨20%，故事结构30%，语法10% （淡化语法） 以词汇（实词）为基础，轻语法，重语篇语意、重行文逻辑 5.四个选项答案分布比较均匀，基本不会出现ABCD只选择1~2个的情况。 二、失分大的原因： 1.没有严格遵循答题步骤： 多数同学在没有弄清短文的中心和文章的情节线索的情况下匆忙答题，一拿到完形填空题就急于选择答案，不认真分析通篇文章，单纯求快，忽略语篇理解，只看局部的词义辨析、搭配和语法结构。这种方式会影响解题的质量和效率。 切记：一定要用2-3分钟时间进行缺词阅读，弄清文章大意和基本脉络后再着手逐个填空。
2. 不注意积累答题技巧： （1）忽略文章首句的提示作用； （2）忽略文章中上下文之间的照应关系；不要把完形填空当做语法填空来做。完形填空很多选项必须根据上下文才能选出，不是孤立的看本句话。 （3）遇到长句不注意分析句子结构，在语义模糊时抱碰运气的心理随意作出选择。 3.时间安排不当： 在几个选项上过分纠缠，追求完美，导致许多本可以做出的题来不及做。 切记：正确的做法是由易到难，先做会做的，再考虑较难的。如有几个题目不确定可将某题的可能的两项填入空格，然后快速地整句整段地默读，选择一项短语或动宾搭配读起来较流畅的。 三、解题步骤： 1.通读全文，熟悉故事结构 细读每段首句，跳过空格，掌握文章大意。 注意阅读语篇技巧： （1）要以意群，语义为单位读，不要逐词逐句地认； （2）要借助视觉扫读，不要手指唇动或无声心读； （3）要从头至尾，一气呵成，不要频繁回读； （4）要直接理解原文，不要逐词逐句地心译； （5）要利用上下文和构词法猜测生词，推测出句意，不要频繁查阅词典；
高二英语完形填空试题(有答案和解析) 一、高中英语完形填空 1．阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项。 Once there was a farmer in Africa named Hafiz who was happy and content. One day a(n) 1 man came to him and told him about the glory of diamonds and the 2 that goes along with them. The wise man said, "If you had a diamond the size of your thumb, you could have your own city. If you had a diamond the size of your fist, you could probably own your own 3 ." With that said, he went away. That night the farmer couldn't 4 . He was unhappy and he was 5 . The next morning he sold off his farm, took care of his family and went 6 diamonds. He looked all over Africa and couldn't find any. He looked all through Europe and couldn't find any. When he got to Spain, he was emotionally, 7 and financially broke. He got so 8 that he threw himself into Barcelona River and committed suicide. Back home, the person who had 9 his farm was watering the camels at a 10 that ran through the farm. Across the stream, the rays of the morning sun hit a stone and made it 11 like a rainbow. He picked up the stone and 12 it in the living room. That afternoon the wise man came and saw the stone sparkling. He asked, "Is Hafiz 13 ?" The new owner said, " No, why do you ask?" The wise man said, "Because that is a diamond. I recognize one 14 I see one." The man said, "No, that's just a stone I 15 from the stream. Come, I'll show you. There are many more." They went and picked some samples and sent them for 16 . Sure enough, the stones were diamonds. They found that the farm was indeed 17 with diamonds. When our 18 is right, we realize that we are all walking on acres and acres of diamonds. Opportunity is always under our feet. We don't have to go anywhere. All we need to do is 19 it. When people don't know how to recognize opportunity, they complain of 20 when it knocks. The same opportunity never knocks twice. The next one may be better or worse, but it is never the same one. 1. A. young B. wise C. old D. poor 2. A. history B. meaning C. power D. legend 3. A. country B. house C. factory D. farm 4. A. eat B. wake C. stand D. sleep 5. A. tired B. discontent C. confused D. sick 6. A. in search of B. in need of C. by name of D. by way of 7. A. similarly B. gradually C. actually D. physically 8. A. puzzled B. discouraged C. impatient D. exhausted 9. A. robbed B. seized C. paid D. bought 10. A. pool B. river C. stream D. lake 11. A. smooth B. sparkle C. rise D. flow
高考英语完形填空解题技巧专项训练 -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
高考完形填空解题技巧 (I) 完形填空是全国各地高考英语必考题型之一，占20分。题型特征是：一篇短文中间留20 个空格，每个空格给出4个选项，要求从中选出最佳答案填入相应的空格内。由于这种题型既考查学生的语法、词法、句法、习惯用法等英语基础知识的综合运用能力，又考查他们对短文的阅读和理解能力。这种题型综合性较强，因而难度较大。总的来说，完形填空为了测试考生实际应用英语的能力和语感。具体说来，是从语篇角度综合测试考生的阅读理解能力、词汇的掌握和对英语习惯用语的熟悉程度、以及语法规则的灵活运用。因此，本文我就考试出题的三个方向、考试题型和具体解题技巧做了详细阐述： 一、考试出题的大致方向是： 1、词汇：某些词义的识别，同义词辨析。英语习惯用法的熟悉程度。 2、语法结构：语法规则的实际应用。 3、语篇句意：从语篇角度,即上下文和情景语境综合测试考生的阅读理解能力 4. 逻辑推理和生活常识 二、考试题型： （一）词汇题： 单纯地考单词或短语的释义： 1.There can be no question about the value of a safety program. From a financial standpoint alone, safety ____. (‘99) A. comes off B. turns up C. pays off D. holds up 答案：C. 词汇辨析题： 主要是指同义词、近义词的辨析，这类题较难。 2.They are needed for ____ food into energy and body maintenance. (‘96) A. shifting B. transferring C. altering D. transforming 答案：D. 固定短语搭配题： 3.With it, astronauts will acquire a workhouse vehicle ____ of flyingsintosspace and returning many times. (‘92) A. capable B. suitable C. efficient D. fit 答案：A. (二)语法题： 语法结构题，主要是考结构词：代词、介词和从句连接词。 4.Moreover, inaccurate or indefinite words may make ____ difficult for the listener to understand the message which is being transmitted to him. (’94) A. that B. it C. so D. this答案：B. (三)语篇题：
高考英语完形填空综合解析 要提高完形填空的解题能力，首先应该综合全面地了解完形填空。要了解完形填空，我们需要回答五个问题。第一个问题：什么是完形填空？第二个问题：完形填空的特点是什么？第三个问题：学生存在的问题是什么？第四个问题：如何解完形填空？第五个问题：平时如何训练？只有解决了这五个问题，才能有的放矢地对完形填空进行教学和研究。 一、什么是完形填空？ 完形填空又称综合填空，其命题原理是格式塔心理学。格式塔心理学强调整体感知和对文章从语义上的整体把握。简单说完形填空就是在一篇语意完整的短文中有目的地制造一些空白，造成信息链的中断，让考生在理解短文的基础上，综合运用所学知识和常识，对每个题的备选项做出尽可能合理的分析、判断，从中选出正确答案或最佳答案，使重新构建的文章主旨鲜明，文意畅达，逻辑严密。如果空格要求学生填入连词、介词、冠词等，则空格为功能性空格；如果要求填入名词、形容词、动词等实义词，则空格为语义空格。从近几年的高考试题看，完形填空以语义空格为主，语法部分的内容已经弱化为对词法的考查。完形填空的空格分为四种类型：词内项、词间项、句内项、句间项，难度是逐渐上升的。 二、完形填空的特点是什么？ 1. 完形填空的题型特点 近几年来的完形填空题，有以下几个特点： ⑴短文难度基本稳定，与高中英语教材课文难易基本相当。 ⑵短文选材一般为故事性文章，极少采用其它题材的文章。但往往不按时间顺序平铺直叙，有插叙或倒叙，有时还夹有描述和议论。 ⑶短文的第一句不设空格，提供给考生一个思路，以便考生做题。 ⑷考查内容主要是逻辑上的通顺，极少是考语法，所以每题四个选项大多属同一语法范畴。 ⑸短文长度基本稳定，一般在250～300个单词左右。 2. 完形填空选项设置的几个特点 ⑴同义、近义词辨析型。多倾向考查动词、名词、形容词。所以平时要多把这几类词性的词归纳记忆。 ⑵固定搭配型。多倾向考查动词和介词或副词、名词和介词、形容词和介词、典型句子结构的搭配。 ⑶常用语法。时态和语态、从句连词。 ⑷根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项型。 3. 近年高考完形填空题的命题趋势和新题动向 ⑴阅读量逐年提高，阅读时间减少。 ⑵生词量有增无减。 ⑶长句增多，句式灵活，结构复杂。 ⑷题目设置上单纯语法考查减少，上下文联系考查力度加大，并且以同义词、相似词为典型的迷惑选项增多。 ⑸完形填空的第一句都是完整的句子，并且每篇文章都有一个主题。 三、学生存在的问题是什么？ 有些考生虽然具有一定的基础，但完形填空题的得分却总不尽如人意。他们的问题概括起来主要有以下几方面：
做好高考英语完形填空的14种技巧 1?跳读首尾句进行预测一般来讲，高考完形填空的首、尾句通常是不挖空的。先跳读这两句J便可判断体裁，猜想它要讲什么。若首句交代了When J where, who, What，即四个W，那么就是记叙文，很可能就是一个故事，为了测试语篇的理解能力，出题者特别注意选材的趣味性，其结尾往往出人意料，耐人寻味；若首句是提出或解释说明某事物，一般来说是说明文；若首句提出一个论点，那么就是议论文。 首句往往开宗明义，是文章的主题。细读首句可启示全文。而尾句又往往是对 文章主题的总结。所以，它们是了解文章大意的一个窗口，对我们理解全文有着重 要的启示作用。因此，要充分利用段首句提供的信息，去挖掘文章的思路，寻找文 章的脉络与线索。 EVel yn Glennie WaS the first IaCly Of SOIO PerCUSSi On in SCOtIancl .In an in terview, She recalled how She became a PerCUSSi On SOIOiS 打（击乐器独奏演员）in SPite Of her CliSabiIity.本文主要讲述的是苏格兰第一位女打击乐器独奏演员EVel yn GIe nnie在耳聋的情况下成功学习打击乐器的经历。根据首句给出的信息，下面我们可以猜想EVeIyn GIe nnie学习打击乐器过程必然充满困难，而能够在耳聋的情况下学习打击乐器，EVeIyn GIennie对音乐肯定也是充满热情的。 2.利用语法分析解题完形填空虽然以语境填空为主，但也有部分考查语法项目的 题目。对于这 类题，考生可以利用平时所学的词汇知识，分析单词（组）的使用范围、动词的及物和不及物，并利用句子结构、句式特点等知识全面衡量所有选项排除干扰。如：__ 51 ____ do you SUPPOSe he asked for them? 51 ? A. What B. HOW C. WhO D. WhiCh 【解析】本题中，do you SUPPOSe为插入成分。he asked for them是一个相对独立和完整的句子，因此空格处应该用副词HOW来修饰谓语动词asked,而不能用代词What5 WhO或WhiChO __ 8 ____ I had been born in the 16th CentUry J I WOUICl have had no job. 8.A. BeCaUSe B. While C. If D. SinCe 【解析】根据后面的I had been born in the 16th CentUry可知这只是个假设 5 是一个虚拟语气的条件句。故前面要用if引导。 3.利用固定搭配解题完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查，主要体现在习惯用法和 同义词、近义词 的辨析两方面。习惯用法是英语中某种固定的结构形态，即所谓的“习语"，不能随意改动。所以，考生平时应掌握好习惯用法。对词义辨析题的考查有加大力度的趋势。要做好这类题，需要有较大的词汇量和词语搭配能力、词语辨
高考英语阅读理解题的特点及解题技巧 一、阅读理解题的选材与命题特点 近几年的高考英语试卷保持了“稳中有变，变中求新，立足语篇”的基本命题思路。在阅读理解方面主要考查考生理解主旨要义、理解文中具体信息、根据上下文推断词义、根据短文判断和推理、理解文章的基本结构以及理解作者的意图与态度等方面的能力。现以近几年高考全国卷I为例，谈谈阅读理解题的选材及命题特点。 1. 对语篇领悟能力的检测仍是高考的重点和基本点 高考英语阅读理解着重检测考生对语篇的整体把握能力、根据所提供的语境进行语篇分析的能力以及综合利用有效信息解决实际问题的能力。在近几年的高考中，涉及较低能力要求的事实性和细节性考题的比例虽呈上升趋势，但词义猜测、推理判断和主旨概括等深层次试题仍占很大比重。 2. 选材更趋多样化、现代化和生活化，突显语言与文化相结合的特点 就体裁而言，阅读材料所选择的文段涉及叙述体、论说体和应用体等多种文体；选材风格保静予连续性，既注重题材的多样化、现代化和生活化，又较为综合地反映了政治、经济、文化和生活的各个方面，贴近生活，贴近时代，体现了“语言是文化的载体”这一重要理念。 3. 适当降低读速及难度要求，提高试题的信息含量，体现新课程的理念 近几年阅读理解题的阅读量总体呈回落趋势，比如，2006年全国卷I的读速略有降低，但近年来阅读速率要求均在50---57wpm之间；难度系数适当降低，注重考查考生获取、分辨、整合、加工和表述信息的能力。 4. 阅读材料更趋于“原汁原味”，设问方式更加深入 阅读材料基本保留了其原有的语言风格，文章的展开不再是平铺直叙，而是兼有倒叙、插叙等多种方式；一词多义、熟词生义、多种时态的混用、结构复杂的长句、省略句以及插入语等语言现象比较常见。阅读材料的文化含量加大，文章的行文风格更具英语语言的特点，文章的遣词造句也更加地道，许多考生通常要反复阅读几遍才能读懂。 二、阅读理解题答案与干扰项关系的分析 正确的选项往往是命题人员把阅读材料的内容或信息用不同的语言形式再现出来。一般而言，答案项的设置有以下几种方法：(1) 选用原文中的词句；(2) 使用原文词句的同义词或相似结构； (3) 使用原文词句的反义词或相反结构；(4) 答案项是对生词、长句或难旬的解释；(5) 答案项是对原文词句或段落的归纳、 推理或演绎；(6) 使用原文的上下义结构，如用“科学”涵盖“计算机、航天、发明、电子”等概念。
【教学设计】 壱. 题型分析 本节课的教学目标是： 认知目标：能够根据指定的高考题进行探究，归纳出有助于解题的技巧。 能力目标：能够将归纳出的解题步骤及技巧自如地运用。能够较好地完成限时抢答题。 弐. 教学策略 本课主要采用任务型教学法，将实践法、讨论法与多媒体电脑辅助相结合进行课堂教学， 充分发挥教师的主导作用和学生的主体作用，利用现代教育技术优化教学过程，扩大教学 容量，打造高效课堂。为了还学生自主权，使学生学会学，在课堂教学中巧妙运用教学艺术，鼓 励学生开口就说，提高运用语言的能力，变“讲堂”为“学堂”，变“要我学”为“我要学“，从 而从根本上打破传统的课堂教学方法，建构一种新型的现代教育模式，使学生在更轻松更 愉快的环境下实现更多的信息交流，向课堂教学要效益的最终目的。 三．教学步骤 教学过程分为以下几个环节：导入设计、新课呈现、巩固操练、课后作业四个环节。 Step1 导入设计 准备了简单的句子填空，此活动旨在让全班学生能够做起来，动起来，激发学生学习兴趣 和情绪。 Step 2 技巧点拨 1.研读首句(段)，预测全文 例如：(2017 全国I) While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this 1 process and found something that has changed my 2 at college for the better: I discovered ASL—American Sign Language(美式手语). 【解析】通过文章的第一句话，我们可以基本推断文章的内容，那就是作者讲述了在大学入学 初期逐渐了解并深入学习美式手语的经历，说明了环境对于探求新知识的重要性。通过学习，作者认识到“无声”的交流更复杂，更需要技巧，更需要真心投入。 【支招】我们已经知道：完形填空开篇第一句均不设空，这为我们提供了事件的背景，比如时间，地点和人物，它是文章的关键句。也提供了足够的信息去挖掘文章的思路，而且，这里往往包含主题句，是理解文章大意的重要信息和主要线索。而尾句通常是文章的点睛之笔，往往也揭开了文章 的寓意或者教育意义，所以了解首尾句在解题过程中非常重要。 2.根据上下文语境，通过合理推断来解题 例题1. (2017 全国I) I never felt an urge to 3 any sign language before. My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends. The 4 languages were enough in all my interactions ( 交往). Little did I know that I would discover my 5 for ASL. 【解析】3. C 根据本句中的language，结合下文I only learned how to 13 the alphabet that day，可知之前，我从未有过学习任何手语的紧迫感。 【解析】4. D 根据前文的my entire family is hearing 可知，这里的语言与口语有关，我掌握的 口头语言在我的交往中已经足够了。 【解析】5. A 根据下文的that the silence was not unpleasant 可知，作者发现已经爱上了学习手语，我简直不知道我将爱上美式手语的。 【支招】考生要学会使用“双语境”来判断解题。“双语境”就是指大语境和小语境。大语境指的 是全文的中心和基调，必须跨越句子层次和段落层次才能选出正确的答案来。而小语境指的
高中英语完形填空解题技巧大全 开篇练习 My son Joey was born with club feet. The doctors said that with treatment he would be able to walk， but would never run very well. The first three years of his life was 1 in hospital. By the time he was eight，you wouldn‘t know he has a problem when you saw him 2 . Children in our neighborhood always ran around 3 their play， and Joey would jump and ran and play，4 . We never told him that he probably wouldn‘t be 5 to run like the other children. So he didn’t know. In 6 grade he decided to join the school running team. Every day he trained. He ran more than any of the others， 7 only the top seven runners would be chosen to run for the 8 . We didn‘t tell him he probably would never make the team， so he didn’t know. He ran four to five mile every day - even when he had a fever. I was 9 ，so I went to 10 him after school. I found him running 11 . I asked him how he felt. “Okay，” he said. He has two more miles to go. Yet he looked straight ahead and kept 12 . Two weeks later， the names of the team 13 were caked. Joey was number six on the list. Joey had 14 the team. He was in seventh grade - the other six team members were all eighth graders. We never told him he couldn‘t do it … so he didn’t know. He just 15 it. 1. A. spent B. taken C. cost D. paid 2. A. talk B. sit C. study D. walk 3. A. after B. before C. during D. till 4. A. either B. too C. though D. yet 5. A. able B. sorry C. glad D. afraid 6. A. sixth B. seventh C. eighth D. ninth 7. A. so B. if C. then D. because 8. A. neighborhood B. familyC. school D. grade 9. A. excited B. tiredC. pleased D. worried 10. A. think about B. hear fromC. agree with D. look for 11. A. alone B. away C. almost D. already
高考英语完形填空题目的解答技巧 高考英语完形填空的解题技巧 1. 从单句中选择答案：读懂原句即能判断答案 2.寻找信息词及信息句选择答案。上下句子递推联系，仔细揣摩，找出信息词和信息句。 3.根据词的固定搭配和固定句型来选择答案。词的固定搭配尤其是动词的搭配和词语类型是完型测试的重点，多数题目涉及动词的语法和各种搭配关系，这是由动词在句中的重要性来决定的。动词的搭配与介词、名词、副词紧密相连。 4、通过上下文来选择答案。测试内容包括篇章结构分析和推理判断能力，答案的选择起关键作用的是上下文的联系。若从单句分析，所给四个答案在语法结构上都是正确的，若放在全局则不一定正确。考生必须通过部分上下文甚至全文才能选出正确的答案来。 5、通过文章的深层理解选择答案。驾驭全文，联系生活经历，理解文章的表层含义，及文章的深层含义。 总的来说，完形填空解题前务必通读全文，联系上下文展开逻辑思维，准确把握词义，排除干扰项。通常情况下一篇完形填空总会有几个地方答案难以确定，在推敲疑点时要紧扣文章中心，从上下文中寻找线索，务必使答案填入后，句子的结构和意思都能上下连贯。第一遍粗做，大概看一遍文章，做出一部分题目。第二遍仔细做。注意; 看好第一句。第一句往往是全文的中心，文章体裁及文章基调的总括表现。注意后面的线索，有时候前面的问题在后面能找到线索或答案。填入选择的答案后不仅单句合理，还要全文合理。
高考英语完形填空的解题原则 1. 依据上下文确定答案的法则：从近几年的完形填空题看，近义词或近义短语的测试力度逐渐加强，并成为测试热点。四个选项不是词义相近，要不就是近义动词的同一种时态的现象，或名词的单复数搭配。若选项词义差异很大，必然文章中藏有提示语，正因如此，往往第一个选项有时需要读完全篇短文才能准确回答。 2. 词语语义与强于语法原则：完型填空题的首句不留空，目的就是告知短文的故事的四要素：地点、时间、人物和事由。再则，单纯语法题已基本退出该题型的测试范畴，所以，指导学生时，首先要告知他们这类现象。尽管四个选项的词语都符合语法规则，然而该题的解答必须遵循先全面理解篇章语义，再结合正确语言结构对每个空格作出准确无误的抉择。 3. 解题四步法原则： 第一步：跳读。带着空格通读全文，了解短文大意，判别短文文体，同时能将会做的题及时解决掉。 第二步：选答。这一步最为关键，要求考生对每一道题进行认真推敲，但是要告诫他们万万不可按照题的顺序答题，对那些不能拿不准的题先跳过去，遵循先易后难的解题原则。 第三步：推敲。这实际上就是要求考生对完形填空短文的篇章作通盘考虑，把其中一些需要依据上下文语境来考虑的比较难解答的题，以及句子之间和段落之间的逻辑关联较强的认真推敲，甄别，筛选和抉择。
高考完形填空解题技巧 (I) 完形填空是全国各地高考英语必考题型之一，占20分。题型特征是：一篇短文中间留20 个空格，每个空格给出4个选项，要求从中选出最佳答案填入相应的空格内。由于这种题型既考查学生的语法、词法、句法、习惯用法等英语基础知识的综合运用能力，又考查他们对短文的阅读和理解能力。这种题型综合性较强，因而难度较大。总的来说，完形填空为了测试考生实际应用英语的能力和语感。具体说来，是从语篇角度综合测试考生的阅读理解能力、词汇的掌握和对英语习惯用语的熟悉程度、以及语法规则的灵活运用。因此，本文我就考试出题的三个方向、考试题型和具体解题技巧做了详细阐述： 一、考试出题的大致方向是： 1、词汇：某些词义的识别，同义词辨析。英语习惯用法的熟悉程度。 2、语法结构：语法规则的实际应用。 3、语篇句意：从语篇角度,即上下文和情景语境综合测试考生的阅读理解能力 4. 逻辑推理和生活常识 二、考试题型： （一）词汇题： 单纯地考单词或短语的释义： 1.There can be no question about the value of a safety program. From a financial standpoint alone, safety ____. (‘99) A. comes off B. turns up C. pays off D. holds up 答案：C. 词汇辨析题： 主要是指同义词、近义词的辨析，这类题较难。 2.They are needed for ____ food into energy and body maintenance. (‘96) A. shifting B. transferring C. altering D. transforming 答案：D. 固定短语搭配题： 3.With it, astronauts will acquire a workhouse vehicle ____ of flyingsintosspace and returning many times. (‘92) A. capable B. suitable C. efficient D. fit 答案：A. (二)语法题： 语法结构题，主要是考结构词：代词、介词和从句连接词。 4.Moreover, inaccurate or indefinite words may make ____ difficult for the listener to understand the message which is being transmitted to him. (’94) A. that B. it C. so D. this答案：B. (三)语篇题： 文章的上下文决定所缺处所选择的词.这一考点要求学生根据文章的整体内容进行理解,根据层次结构和内容的逻辑关系,去选择符合文章情节的答案,这也叫情景意义的选择. 5.Getting enough vitamins is essential to life, although the body has no nutritional use for excess vitamins. Many people ____ believe in being on the "safe side" and thus take extra vitamins. (96) A. nevertheless B. therefore C. moreover D. meanwhile
做好高考英语完形填空的14种技巧 1. 跳读首尾句进行预测 一般来讲，高考完形填空的首、尾句通常是不挖空的。先跳读这两句，便 可判断体裁，猜想它要讲什么。若首句交代了when, where, who, what，即四个W，那么就是记叙文，很可能就是一个故事，为了测试语篇 的理解能力，出题者特别注意选材的趣味性，其结尾往往出人意料，耐人寻味； 若首句是提出或解释说明某事物，一般来说是说明文；若首句提出一个论点， 那么就是议论文。 首句往往开宗明义，是文章的主题。细读首句可启示全文。而尾句又往往 是对文章主题的总结。所以，它们是了解文章大意的一个窗口，对我们理解全 文有着重要的启示作用。因此，要充分利用段首句提供的信息，去挖掘文章的 思路，寻找文章的脉络与线索。 Evelyn Glennie was the first lady of solo percussion in Scotland. In an interview, she recalled how she became a percussion soloist (打击乐器独奏演员) in spite of her disability. 本文主要讲述的是苏格兰第一位女打击乐器独奏演员Evelyn Glennie在耳聋的情况下成功学习打击乐器的经历。根据首句给出的信息， 下面我们可以猜想Evelyn Glennie学习打击乐器过程必然充满困难，而能够在耳聋的情况下学习打击 乐器，Evelyn Glennie对音乐肯定也是充满热情的。 2. 利用语法分析解题 完形填空虽然以语境填空为主，但也有部分考查语法项目的题目。对于这 类题，考生可以利用平时所学的词汇知识，分析单词(组)的使用范围、动词的及物和不及物，并利用句子结构、句式特点等知识全面衡量所有选项排除干扰。 如： ___51___do you suppose he asked for them? 51. A. What B. How C. Who D. Which 【解析】本题中，do you suppose为插入成分。he asked for them是一个相对独立和完整的句子，因此空格处应该用副词How来修饰谓语动词asked，而不能用代词What, Who或Which。 ___8___ I had been born in the 16th century, I would have had no job. 8. A. Because B. While C. If D. Since 【解析】根据后面的I had been born in the 16th century可知这只是个假设，是一个虚拟语气的条件句。故前面要用if引导。 3. 利用固定搭配解题 完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查，主要体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词 的辨析两方面。习惯用法是英语中某种固定的结构形态，即所谓的“习语”， 不能随意改动。所以，考生平时应掌握好习惯用法。对词义辨析题的考查有加 大力度的趋势。要做好这类题，需要有较大的词汇量和词语搭配能力、词语辨
高三英语精准培优专练∶完形填空(附解析) 一、高中英语完形填空 1．阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白 处的最佳选项。 A couple in ordinary clothes walked into the Harvard's outer office. "We want to see the president," the man said softly. "He will be busy all day," the secretary spoke 1 , concluding that the couple had no 2 with Harvard from what they wore. "We'll 3 ," the lady replied. Four hours, the secretary 4 them, hoping that the couple would finally become 5 and go away. They didn't. And the secretary grew 6 and finally decided to disturb the president. Someone of his 7 obviously had no time to spend with nobodies, but he 8 people in such clothes filling in his outer office. The president, frozen-faced, walked 9 toward the couple. The lady told him, "We had a son that 10 Harvard for one year. He loved Harvard and was very happy here. But he was accidentally 11 . And my husband and I would like to 12 a memorial (纪念物) to him somewhere on campus." The president wasn't 13 ; he was shocked, "Madam," he said 14 . "We can't put up a statue for every person who studied in Harvard and died." "Oh, no." the lady 15 quickly, "In fact, we thought we would give a building to Harvard." The president 16 at the couple and then shouted, "A building! Do you know how much a building costs? The cost of the Harvard's buildings is over 7.5 million dollars." For a moment the lady was 17 . The president was pleased. He could 18 them now. The lady turned to her husband and said quietly. "Is that all it costs to 19 a university?" Her husband nodded. Mr. and Mrs. Leland Stanford walked away, traveling to Palo Alto, California, where they established the university 20 after them—a memorial to a son. 1. A. impatiently B. excitedly C. enthusiastically D. awkwardly 2. A. concern B. problem C. interest D. business 3. A. wait B. accuse C. explain D. oppose 4. A. persuaded B. drove C. ignored D. served 5. A. satisfied B. shamefully C. nervously D. discouraged 6. A. embarrassed B. grateful C. annoyed D. panic 7. A. importance B. action C. character D. age 8. A. invited B. observed C. thanked D. hated 9. A. cheerfully B. hopefully C. proudly D. eagerly 10. A. affected B. attended C. applied to D. abandoned 11. A. killed B. dismissed C. disabled D. forgotten 12. A. keep B. buy C. build D. leave 13. A. disappointed B. sensitive C. touched D. deserved 14. A. curiously B. delightedly C. sadly D. coldly