主谓一致（subject-verb concord）：主语和谓语动词之间在“人称”和“数”的方
面的一致关系，又叫“主—动一致”。
语法一致原则（grammatical）
指导原则意义一致原则（notional concord）
就近原则（priciple of proximity)
语法一致：主语和谓语动词之间的一致关系主要表现在“数”的形式上，即用作主语的名词词组中心词和谓语动词在单，复数的形式上的一致。
Both boys have their own merits.
Many people want to go.
Much effort is wasted.
意义一致：主语和谓语动词的一致关系取决于单复数的意义。
The goverment have asked the country to decide by a vote.
Fifteen miles seems like a long walk to me .
就近原则：谓语动词的单复数取决于最靠近它的位置（主要是名词）的单复数形式。
Neither julia nor I am going.
Only one expect his own supporters agree with him.
特殊名词作主语时的主谓一致
1，以-s结尾的疾病名称和游戏名称。
A,arthritis(关节炎）bronchitis(支气管炎）rickets(软骨病）mumps（腮腺炎）diabetes（糖尿病）phlebitis(静脉炎）————————单数。
B,measles(麻疹）rickets————————单复数皆可。
C,表示游戏名称的名词通常作单数用。Darts(投镖游戏）marble（打子弹游戏）
复数用。Cards(打纸牌）
当darts，marbles等用于做这些游戏所用的镖或弹子等意义时，其复数形式仍作复数用。Three darts are thrown at each turn.
2, 以-ics结尾的学科名称。
表示学科的意义时通常作单数用。Physics（物理学）mathematics（数学）mechanics （机械学）optics（光学）acoustics （声学）politics （政治学）statistics （统计学）economics （经济学）linguistics （语言学）athletics （体育学）tactics（兵法）但是若这类词表示“学科”以外的其他意义，便做复数。Mathematics（运算能力）athletics （体育运动）acoustics （音响效果）tactics （策略）economics（经济意义）
3，以-s结尾的地理名称。
国名：单一政治实体，用单数。
群岛，山脉，海峡，瀑布等地理名称，通常用复数。
4，由两个部分组成的物体名称。
Scissors （剪子）pincers（钳子）glasses（眼镜）shorts （短裤）trousers （裤子）suspenders （吊带裤）等在不带单位词而单独使用时是复数。如果带有单位词，则由单位词的单复数决定动词的单复数形式。
5,特记。
A，除tidings做单，复数皆可以外，凡是-ings结尾的名词通常用作复数。
clipings (剪下来的东西)diggings(掘出来的东西)earnings(收入)filings(锉屑)lodgings(租住的房间)surroundings(环境)sweepings(扫拢的东西).
B,archives（档案）arms（武器）clothes（衣服）conents （目录内容）eaves（屋檐）fireworks（烟火）goods（货物）minutes（记录）morals（道德）stairs（楼梯）suburbs （郊区）thanks（谢意）wages（工资）通常做复数。但是少数这类名词也作单复数皆可。Whereabouts（行踪）dramatics（舞台艺术）
C,remains “遗体”为复数“遗迹”或“剩余物”为单，复数。
D,有一些以-s结尾的单，复数同形的名词。如Barracks（营房）headquarters（总部）means（方法，手段）series（系列）species（种类）works（工厂）等。取决于这些名
词是用作单数还是复数。
A barracks was stormed by the enemy troops .
Two barracks in the suburbs have been surrounded.
6,集体名词作主语时的几种情况。
A,复数：police people cattle militia poultry wermin等。
B,单数：foliage machinery equipment furniture merchandise等。
C,单复数皆可:audience committee class crew family government public等，所表示的集体视为一个整体，就用单数。
D,a committee of a panel of a（the）board of后跟复数名词，通常用单数。
特殊结构作主语时的主谓一致
1,以并列结构作主语时。
A，意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。
The fishing and the hunting were good that year.
不是指两个或两个以上的人或物，而是表示单数意义，用单数。
Both...and 或and Ham and eggs is a good breakfast.
And连接的名词带有each every 或many a 等限定词时，用单数。
Every boys and every girls here is entitled to a copy.
And 连接的一些省略结构形似单数，实为复数。
Good and bad taste are inculcated by example.
B，or nor either...or neither...nor not only...but also 就近原则。
My sister or my brother is likely to be at home.
Either my father or my brothers are coming.
C,主语后跟as much as rather than more than no less than等时由主语本身单复数决定。
His brother rather than his parents is to blame.
My wife,more than anyone else in the family, is anxious to go there again.
Some of the works as much as the manager were responsible for the loss. D,主语后跟as well as, in addition to, with, along with, together with, except等由主语本身决定。
The manager with some workers was working during the holidays.
No one,except two girls was late for dinner.
2,表示数量概念结构作主语时。
A，确定数量。
数量概念看作一个整体，单数。看作一个个体时，复数。
Six months is too short a time,we need more.
Five hours is needed to complete the outline.
分数（百分数）of 词组，由词组中的名词类别而定。
两数相减或相除，单数。两数相加或相乘，单复数皆可。
Minus减divide 除plus加time
One in of 或one out of 跟复数名词，用单数。也可用就近原则。
B，非确定数量。all of some of none of half of 动词的单复数形式由词组中名词类别而定most of lots of heaps of loads of
Scads of plenty of
A portion of a series of
无论名词类别，用单数。 A pile of a panel of
a（this）kind of
a（this）sort of 后跟单数或不可数名词，动词用单数。
a（this）type of.
These kinds of, many（several）kinds of.后跟单数，复数和不可数名词。动词复数。3，有关分句的主谓问题。
A，以名词性分句作主语，动词通常用复数。
但由and连接的并列分句作主语时，表示两件事，则为复数
What cause the accident and who was responsible for it remain a mystery.
但在what 分句作主语的SVC结构中，主句补语是复数名词，用复数。
What was real to him were the details of his life.
但如果what分句本身明显表示复数意义，如分句的动词和补语都是复数，也可用What are often regarded as poisonous fungi are in fact edible.
B,以非限定分句（不定式或-ing分词）作主语，通常用单数。
但由and连接的并列非限定分句作主语时，表示两件事，则为复数。
C，one of 复数名词关系分句
通常依照语法一致原则用复数形式。
但有时为了强调one 也可以采用单数形式。
Jasper white is one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths.
但结构之前有定冠词the或the only 等限定词和强调词时，依one而定，单数。
He is the only one of those boys who is willing to take on another assignment.
D,It is I who am to blame.
但It is me that is to blame
It is me that was injured in the accident.中心成分用宾格代词me时，用三人称单数。
主谓一致测试题及答案（word） 一、主谓一致 1．----Where would you like to go tomorrow, Beijing or Xi'an? ---- is OK. It’s up to you. A．Either B．Neither C．Both D．All 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意：——明天你想去哪里，北京还是西安？——两个都可以。由你决定。考查不定代词辨析题。either二者择其一；neither两者都不，表否定；both两者都；all全都。both和all都需用复数动词形式，和is不搭配，可排除CD两项。根据OK，可知是肯定句，故选A。 2．There is only one position. The boss has to choose Jack Tom to be a manager. A．both; and B．neither; nor C．either; or D．not only; but also 【答案】C 【解析】 句意：只有一个位置，老板必须选择或者杰克或者汤姆作为经理。根据句意因为只有一个位置，结合选项，推测意思是老板不得不选择杰克或汤姆当经理，即固定短语either…or…，或者…或者，故答案选C。 点睛：A. both; and两者都…，连接两个不同的词语作主语时，谓语动词用复数；B. neither; nor既不…也不…；C. either; or或者…或者…；D. not only; but also不仅…而且…；B、C、D三个选项在连接两个不同的词语作主语时，其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致，就是我们所说的“就近原则”。本题根据句意可知C选项符合题意，故答案选C。 3．—Why are you walking so quickly, Edward? —There_____ a talent show in ten minutes. A．will have B．will be C．is going to have D．are going to be 【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】 考点：考查一般将来时。 【详解】 试题分析：句意：——你为什么走那么快，爱德华？——十分钟后就有个才艺表演。根据时间状语in then minutes十分钟后，句子要用一般将来时；句型there be有……;其一般将来
创作编号： GB8878185555334563BT9125XW 创作者：凤呜大王* 主谓一致和就近就远原则 就近一致原则 也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”，即：谓语与靠近的名词、代词（有时不一定是主语）在“人称、人数”上一致。 一、在正式文体中： 1.由下列词语连接的并列主语：“there be+句型；or either...or;nor;neither...nor;whether...or;not...but;not only...but also”等。 Eg. (1)What he does or what he says does not concern me. 他的行为或言谈与我无关。 (2)Neither you nor I am wrong.你和我都没错。 (3)Not you but your father is to blame. 不是你，而是你的父亲该受责备。
(4)Not only you but (also) he is wrong. 不仅你错了，他也错了。 2.在倒装句中，谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。 Eg.(1)In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people. 在远处，能听见鼓掌和人们的呼喊声。 (2)There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk. 桌上有一支钢笔和几本书。 非正式文体中： 有时依“就近”和“意义”一致的原则；但语法上，“no one”才是主语，谓语要改成“agrees”。“写作中”一般要依“语法一致”原则。总结：英语就近原则短语 1.There be句型There is a book and some pencils on the desk. =There are some pencils and a book on the desk. 2.Neither...nor... Neither you nor he is right.=Neither he nor you are right. 3.either...or... Either they or Jim is going to Shanghai next Saturday. =Either Jim or they are going to Shanghai next Saturday. 4.not only...but also... Not only Ann but also her parents stay at home every Sunday. =Not only Ann’s parents but also she stays at home every Sunday.
Grammar主谓一致语法填空精选30题 1. Just the opposite, I think it is Truman, rather than you, ____(be)to blame. 2. According to the report, three hours of outdoor exercise a week ____ (be) good for one’s health. 3. The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, __________ (visit) a museum when the earthquake struck. 4. 70 percent of the students in our class _____ (be) girls. 5. Each of us _____moved by the poor child and we each _____( donate) money to him. 6. The football team ____ (be) made up of 22 players and the team ____ (be) very young. 7. Every man and every woman ___________ (ask) to help when the earthquake broke out. 8. Either he or you ____ (be) interested in playing football in our class. 9. At present the police __________ (look)for the lost boy whose trousers ____ (be) blue. 10. Physics ___ (be) difficult to learn and every means _____________ (try) to improve it. 11.One or two days ____ (be)enough to see the city． 12. Neither my wife nor I myself ____(be) able to persuade my daughter to change her mind． 13.Not only I but also Jane and Mary ____(be) tired of having one examination after another． 14. Nobody but Betty and Mary ____ (be)late for class yesterday． 15Many a new house ________(build) at present． 16. All but one ____ (kill)in the accident． 17. When and where to build the new factory __________ (decide )yet. 18. The number of people invited _____(be)fifty, but a number of them ___(be) absent for different reasons. 19This kind of books_____(be)very useful but books of that kind_____(be)useless． 20.I, not you, ______ in the wrong. Not I but he ______ been invited. 21.E-mail, as well as telephones, _________(Play) an important part in daily communication. 22.His “Selected Poems” ________ (be)first published in 1965. 23.The number of people invited ___(be)fifty, but a number of them ___ (be)absent for different reasons. 24On the wall ____(hang) two large portraits. 25.As a result of destroying the forests, large quantities of desert ____ (be)covered the land. 26. Every boy and every girl as well as some teachers who ____ (be)to visit the museum ___ (be)asked to be at the school gate before 6:30 in the morning. 27. Great Expectations ____(sell) well, but not all books _____(sell) out yet. 28.Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money making jobs
主谓一致和就近就远原则 就近一致原则 也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”，即：谓语与靠近的名词、代词（有时不一定是主语）在“人称、人数”上一致。 一、在正式文体中： 1.由下列词语连接的并列主语：“therebe+句型； oreither...or;nor;neither...nor;whether...or;not...but;notonly...but also”等。 Eg. (1)What he does or what he says does not concern me.他的行为或言谈与我无关。 (2)Neither you nor I am wrong.你和我都没错。 (3)Not you but your father is to blame. 不是你，而是你的父亲该受责备。 (4)Not only you but (also) he is wrong. 不仅你错了，他也错了。 2.在倒装句中，谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。 Eg.(1)In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and theshouts of the people. 在远处，能听见鼓掌和人们的呼喊声。 (2)There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk.桌上有一支钢笔和几本书。非正式文体中： 有时依“就近”和“意义”一致的原则；但语法上，“noone”才是主语，谓语要改成“agrees”。“写作中”一般要依“语法一致”原则。
总结：英语就近原则短语 1.Therebe句型 Thereisabookandsomepencilsonthedesk.=Therearesomepencilsandabookonthedesk. 2.Neither...nor... Neither you nor he is right.=Neither he nor you are right. 3.either...or... Either they or Jim is going to Shanghai next Saturday.=Either Jim or they are going to Shanghai next Saturday. 4.not only...but also... Not only Ann but also her parents stay at home every Sunday.=Notonly Ann’s parentsbut alsoshestays athome everySunday. 就远原则 谓语动词与前面主语一致 代表词汇：as well as;(together/along)with;Rather than;except;besides;but;including;in addition to;apart from例子：He rather than I is right. Nobody but two students is in the classroom. 主谓一致 一、当主语后面与with,aswellas,but,except,like,ratherthan,no less than,besides,including等+名词或代词连用时，谓语动词与第一个主语保持一致。 1.Theteacher,with6girlsand8boysofherclass,___visitinga museum when the earthquake struck. A.was B.were C.had been D.would be
主谓一致/就近原则专题 I.适应练习 (主谓一致) ﹡1. Tom as well as his friends ______ (tell) to go out buying some equipment for camping last week. ﹡2. All the meals apart from breakfast ______ (include) in the price. ﹡3. Flight AF421 besides some other flights ______ (delay) because of the heavy fog yesterday. ﹡4. All the guests including him ______ (seat) at the big table now. ﹡5. The thief, together with his companions ______ (not want) to stay in the crowd for long and ______ (appear) immediately. ﹡6. Nobody except your parents always______ (love) you. ﹡7. Fresh fruit like peaches and cherries ______ (sell) very well. ﹡8. Mr. Hu, different from other teachers _______ (not follow) the school code. 笔记： （就近原则） ﹡1. There ______ (be) a CD player and two televisions in the room. ﹡2. Not only their houses but also his ______ (locate) in the west of Chengdu. ﹡3. Either my friends or she ______ (ask) to tell how the accident took place yesterday. ﹡4. Neither the writers nor the singer and actor ______ (invite) to the party yesterday. 笔记： 1. What _______ the staff looking for? A. is B. are C. will D. did 2. You should try Larry and Kevin’s restaurant because _____ the best in the city. A. theirs is B. their’s is C. they are D. their’s are ﹡3. The number of people invited ______ fifty, but a number of them ______ absent for different reasons. (MENT 96) A. were, was B. was, was C. was, were D. were, were ﹡4. A pair of broken glasses ______ on the desk. A. is laying B. is lying C. are lying D. are laying 5. There ______ I’d like to answer this evening. A. are one or two letters B. has one or two letters C. is one or two letters D. have one or two letters 6. Not only the students but also the teacher ______ about the matter. A. are talking B. is to talk C. have talked D. are having talked 7. The teacher with his students ________ in the lab ________ some experiments now. (10 年) A. is; doing B. are; doing C. is; do D. are; do ﹡8. The problem of the town with ______ trees and ______ floods ______ becoming more and more serious.
【学习目标】 1．掌握英语主谓一致的一般规律，熟练运用人称和数上与主语保持一致的原则。 2．能够在书面表达中杜绝主谓一致方面的错误。 【重点难点】 1．谓语动词用单数的种种情况。 2．就近原则。 3．定语从句中的主谓一致。 【使用说明】 本语法学案难度较大。希望大家仔细研读，认真领会，能独立在40分钟内完成。 【自学指导】 事实上，从小学到现在同学们学习英语的八年中，主谓一致和大家一直相伴左右。现在无非就是进行了综合归纳。建议大家随着讲解，一一恢复这八年关于主谓一致的记忆。 【自主学习】 主谓一致指的是谓语动词在人称和数上必须与主语保持一致。处理主谓一致问题，可依据三项原则：语法上一致、意义上一致和就近一致。根据这些原则，总结如下： (1)以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般要用单数动词。例如：To work hard _____ necessary.努力工作是必要的。 Reading without comprehension is no good.只读不理解是不好的。 It pays to work hard. 天道酬勤。 (2)表示时间、距离、金额、重量、面积、体积、容积等度量的名词短语做主语时，谓语用_____。例如：Two weeks was too long.两周太长了。 Ten dollars is a small sum.十美元是个小数目。 Five times five makes twenty five.五乘以五是二十五。 One and a half bananas is left on the table.一只半香蕉留在桌子上。 (3)主语是单数时，尽管后面跟as well as (以及)，no less than (不少于……，多达)，rather than(而不是)，more than(不止是，超过)，but(除了)，except(除……外)，besides( 加之，还有)，with(和……一起，和……一块儿)，along with(跟……一起)，accompanied by ( 由……陪同)，combined with(加上)，in addition to(除……以外)，including(包括)，together with(与……一起)等，谓语动词仍用______形式。 Every teacher as well as his students _____ (hope) to see their progress. (4)某些不定代词，如：either, neither, each, one, other, another, anybody, anyone, anything,somebody,someone,something,everybody,everyone,everything,nobody,no one, nothing 等，当他们做主语时，其谓语动词通常用单数形式。 例如：Each of the boys ____ an apple.每个孩子都有苹果。 Somebody is using the phone.有人正在用电话。 Everything around us is matter.我们周围一切都是物质。 (5)用and连接的并列成分前面有each, every, many a, no等词修饰时，意义为单数，动词也相应地用单数形式。 例如：In China, every boy and girl ____ the right to compulsory education.在中国每个儿童都有权利接受义务教育。(注意：上学期练习题中曾经考查过) Each man and woman who ____ the TOEFL is supposed to get the score report in five weeks.参加托福考试的每个人都能在五个星期内收到成绩通知单。 Many a student and teacher _____ seen the film.不少老师和学生都看过这部影片。 (6) none(of+名词或代词)在正式文体中被看做单数，谓语动词用单数，但非正式文体中也可以用复数。 例如：None of us seem to have thought of it.我们中似乎没有人想到它。 “Is there any letter for me?” “Sorry, there’s none.”“有我的信吗”?“对不起，没有。” None of the drivers has (have) turned up.一个司机都没有来。 【探究提升】 (1)用and, both...and连接的并列主语，或在both,(a)few, many, several等修饰语后面谓语动词通常用复数形式。 例如：Plastics and rubber never rot.塑料和橡胶永不生锈。 He and I _____classmates when we were at college.他和我大学时曾是同班同学。 ____ _____these novels _____ interesting.这两部小说都有意思。 Few people know it.几乎无人知道。 (2)集体名词people, police, public, militia, cattle, class, youth等，常用复数形式的谓语动词。 例如：The Chinese people are brave and hardworking.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。 Most police wear uniforms.绝大多数警察穿制服。 The cattle are grazing in the sunshine.一群牛在阳光下吃草。 (3)当表示民族的词与冠词合用充当主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 例如：The Japanese were once very aggressive.日本人曾是很具有侵略性的。 The English are more conservative and less talkative than the Americans.英国人比美国人保守且不爱说话。 (4)某些形容词前面加定冠词表示一类人。作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
主谓一致的用法及专项练习题 一、主谓一致三原则 主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。 1. 语法一致原则：指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。 Tom is a good student. 汤姆是个好学生。 They often play football on the playground. 他们经常在操场上踢足球。 2. 意义一致：指主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义，这是谓语动词用单数形式。 My family is having lunch now. 我们一家人现在正吃午饭。 Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book. 这本书20美元太贵了。 3. 就近一致：指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近他的主语。例如： Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football. 不仅老师喜欢踢足球，而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。 There is a pen and some books on the desk. 课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。 二、主谓一致常考题型 1. 单数名词(代词)，不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式，复数名词(代词)作主语，谓语用复数形式。 The desk is Tom’s. 这张桌子是汤姆的。 Some water is in the bottle. 一些水在瓶子里。 The students are playing football on the playground. 这些学生正在操场上踢足球。 2. many a+单数名词作主语，意义虽为“许多”，但谓语要用单数形式。 Many a student has been to Shanghai. 许多学生到过上海。 3. more than one+单数名词作主语，谓语用单数。 More than one student has ever been to Beijing. 不止一个学生曾经去过北京。 4. 表示时间，价格，重量，数目，长度，数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，这些通常作一个整体概念，谓语用单数形式。例如： Two months is a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假。 Twenty pounds isn’t so heavy. 20英镑并不太重。 Ten miles isn’t a long distance. 10英里并不是一段很长的距离。 Five minus four is one. 5减4等于1。 5. 主语是each/every+单数名词+and(each/every)+单数名词时，谓语动词用单数。 Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。
笨老师分享课堂:主谓一致(就近原则练习)01 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、单选题 1．There _______ a teacher and some students in the park. A．am B．is C．are D．be 2．Because of too much homework, neither you nor James _______ to the cinema to enjoy the fantastic movie named Ready Player One. A．goes B．doesn’t go C．don’t go D．go 3．There some soup and some hamburgers for you on the table. A．have B．has C．are D．is 4．Not only Ciqikou but Hongyadong ________ well-known to people around China now. A．is B．are C．was D．were 5．Here _______ some delicious apples. A．have B．has C．are D．is 6．There _____ some water in the bottle. A．are B．is C．isn’t D．aren’t 7．Not only his parents but also he ______ crazy about the foreign films. A．am B．is C．are D．be 8．There _____ a number of workers in this factory, and the number of them _____ increasing. A．is, is B．are, is C．is, are 9．---What's in your bag?---There ______a wallet, some books and a pen. A．is B．are C．has D．have 10．---______there______ orange in the fridge, Mum?---No. Only apple juice. A．Is；any B．Are；any C．Are；some D．Is；some 11．Not only his friends but also he _______ happy when they heard of the exciting news. A．is B．are C．was 12．Not only children but also my husband _____crazy about the movie Operation Red Sea (《红海行动》 A．is B．are C．am D．be 13．Not only my friends but also I interested in playing basketball in our free time.
【英语】初中英语主谓一致易错题精选经典1 一、主谓一致 1．Everyone in my class except Tom and Mary to Beijing. A．have been B．have gone C．has been 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：除了汤姆和玛丽之外，我们班上每个人都去过北京。考查现在完成时。由句意可知句子时态为现在完成时，构成为：have /has+动词过去分词；have been to表示去过某地，已经回来；have gone to表示去了某地，可能在路上，也可能已经到达；根据Everyone in my class except Tom and Mary to Beijing.可知，这里表示除了汤姆和玛丽之外，我们班上每个人都去过北京，说明去过北京都已经回来了，所以用have been to。本句的主语是everyone，所以助动词用has，故答案选C。 2．There _____ a football match on TV this evening. A．will have B．is going to be C．has D．is going to have 【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】 句意：今天晚上电视上将有一场足球赛。 本句时态为将来时，将来时态有两种表达方式，一种是will+动词原形，另一种是be going to+动词原形，本句用到there be 句型，故选B。 3．—What’s in the picture on the wall? —There a teacher and some students playing soccer on the playground. A．has B．are C．is D．have 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意“-在墙上的照片里有什么？-一个老师和一些学生在操场上踢足球”。本题考查there be 的用法。there be不与have连用，排除A和D；there be中的be动词遵循“就近一致”原则，即与最近的a teacher保持一致，用单数is，故选C。
【英语】英语主谓一致练习题及答案 一、主谓一致 1．Now my father _____ his bike to work every day instead of driving. A．ride B．rode C．rides D．will ride 【答案】C 【解析】 考查点：一般现在时的用法。解题思路：every day意为“每天”，表示经常性，习惯性的动作，故该句子要使用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，故答案选C；选项B、D时态错误； 2．It is reported that the population of China smaller in the past few months. The aging（老龄化） is a big problem. More parents are encouraged to give birth to more babies. A．became B．will become C．have become D．has become 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：据报道，中国人口在过去的几个月里已经变少了。老龄化是一个大问题。鼓励更多的父母生更多的孩子。A. became变成，一般过去时态；B. will become 将变成，一般将来时；C. have become已经变成，现在完成时；D. has become已经变成，现在完成时，第三人称单数。主语是the population，根据语境可知是现在完成时，其结构has done的形式。根据句意，故选D。 3．（用在否定句中）也,而且;根本 If you don't go, I won't either. 你如不去,我也不去。 It won't do them any good, but it won't do them any harm either. 这对他们没有好处,但也没有坏处。 4．（通常与or连用）或者 Either you or your father must see this young man today. 你或是你的父亲今天必须见这位年轻人。 副词 ad. 5．（两者之中）任何一个 I don't agree with either of you on these issues. 在这些问题上,你们两个我都不同意。 连接词 conj. 6．---______ is the population of the town? ---Over 20,000. And a third of the population ____ workers of the car factory.
Agreement between subject and verb 主谓一致主要有以下三个原则： 1、语法一致原则（5种情况） 2、意义一致原则（10种情况） 3、就近原则 语法一致原则 1．and连接不同的人或事时作主语时,谓语动词用复数；但如果连接的名词指的是同一人或物, 或同一概念时, 谓语要用单数。The singer and dancer____ going to give us a performance. The knife and fork ____on the table. 2. 不定式, 动词ing形式或主语从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。What he is doing seems very important. Collecting stamps is his hobby. 3. 定语从句的关系代词who, which, that在从句中作主语时，要与先行词的人称和数保持一致。 Those who enjoy singing may join us. Tom, who is your friend, should help you. I, who am a teacher, lack humor. 4. with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, like, without, except, but, including 如果句子中有这些连接词和主语连用,谓语动词的数随主语的变化而变化。例如：The teacher together with his students, is planting trees in the street. 5. many a, more than one与单数名词组成的短语, 谓语用单数。Many a boy has seen it. More than one student is required to redo the homework. 意义一致原则 1. 不定代词all, more, some, any, none作主语,谓语动词视情况而定。All of the apples ____rotten. All of the apple ____rotten. 2. the rest of; half of; part of; the majority of等以及分数、百分比在句子中加名词作主语的时候,谓语动词与of后面的名词保持一致。 Half of the students _____finished their composition. Half of the water ____(pollute). 3. 集合名词作主语，强调整体谓语动词用单数；指全体人员时, 动词则用复数。这一类常见的集合名词有public, family, class, crowd, audience, team, government, group。 His family ____already________(move)to France. His family ____all music lovers. 4. 某些名词如people, police, cattle等,形式上是单 数, 但意义上是复数, 谓语动词应用复数。 people指“民族”时是例外。 The police__________ searching for a thief. The cattle____________eating grass on the hill. 5. 不定代词作主语, 谓语动词要用单数，如someone ,somebody, something, anybody…等Someone is asking for you. 6. 某些名词如clothes, trousers, shoes, glasses, pants, shorts等, 通常只用其复数形式, 但当它们被a pair of 修饰时, 谓语动词用单数。 Here _____ a new pair of shoes for you. 7．某些名词以s结尾如maths, politics, physics, news, plastics 等，谓语动词应用单数。 Physics is a very interesting subject. 8. 以a number of 作主语时, 谓语动词用复数; 以the number of 作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。 A number of new books are on the desk. The number of students in you class is 50. 9. 单复数同形的名词, 作主语的时候, 其谓语动词由上下文决定, 这一类名词有: means, works, deer, fish, sheep, Chinese, Japanese等。 Not every means is useful.。Not all means are useful. 10. 如果主语由“the + 形容词(或过去分词)”结构担任时,谓语通常用复数;这类词有: the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead等 就近原则 either ... or; neither ... nor; not only ... but also, whether...or在句子中连接主语的时候或者在there be句型中,谓语动词要和就近的主语保持一致。 应该注意的几个问题: 1. 在主谓倒装的句子中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。例如:Between the two windows ________（hang）a picture. 2.a (large) quantity of 修饰可数或不可数名词, 其短语作主语时,谓语动词单复数看后面的名词。 A large quantity of people __________needed here. quantities of 修饰可数或不可数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词用复数。例如: Quantities of food (nuts)___________ on the table. 3. 表示数量的one and a half 后, 名词要用复数形式, 但是其短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。例如：One and a half bananas is left on the table.