Sentence structure and understanding
1 A sense of belonging helps people suffering depression
2 The time for camperdine to see Venus came
3 The elder son, heir to the small farm, is helping his father with the farm work.
4 The only way that they can preserve their history is to recount it as sagas—legends handed down from one generation of story-tellers to another.
5 often visible as smog, ozone is formed in the atmosphere when hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides, two major pollutants emitted by automobile, react with sunlight.
6 Any kind of camera will do that has a shutter that can be made to remain open for a time exposure.
7 At some point in the celebration, the bride goes off to change into everyday clothes and then leaves the party with her husband to go their honeymoon, the journey they will make together, often in romantic surroundings abroad.
8 Currently, the major problem in the field of biomaterials, the science of replace diseased tissue with human-made implants, is control over the interface, or surface, between implanted biomaterials and living tissues. Our fundamental understanding of how implant devices adhere to tissues remains incomplete.
9 By building your houses underground, the vast amount of energy now expended in warming our surface surroundings when they are too cold, and cooling them when they are too warm could be saved.
10 Reading furnishes the mind only with materials of knowledge ;it is thinking that makes what we read ours .
11 We call differences among living things of the same kind variation.
12 the irony is that confidence is wavering just as signs of a recovery are gathering,
13 The biggest unknown for the individual in a knowledge-based economy of this information age is how to have a career in a system where there are no permanent careers.
14 Efforts to meld Europe’s patchwork of financial services into an efficient and unified whole keep running into protectionist roadblock thrown up by Germany, France ,Spain and other countries.
15 there is no way in which, if the society of which we are a part begins to go to pieces, we can help going to pieces ourselves.
16 The book was non-fiction and the author had a desk of a time trying to get it published because of all the different agencies that were involved in the attempt to stop him from publishing or at least grossly” edit the publication of the book’s completely honest and enlightening contents.
17 Marriage is certainly a gamble and so is the bringing into existence of children, who could prove sad liabilities.
18 The average wage-earner, who leads a colorless existence ,devotes a small percentage of his earnings to keeping alive with extraordinary constancy the dream if achieving some magic change in his life.
19 How the discovery was made by our ancestors that seeds could be saved and planted to raise a new crop can only be guessed at today.
20 Those who live solely through reason are less likely to realize their full potential than
are those who maintain a balance between the life of reason and the life of passion.
21 For very many years London has been a business center with hotel accommodation mainly for visiting businessmen together with other well –to-do travelers and completely inadequate for the swarms of short-stay tourists landing at Heathrow or disembarking at Dove.
22 One of these ghosts has now been laid ,because it seems that even an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to eight times its present value will produce an increase in temperature of only 2 C, which would take place over several thousand years,
23 With the development of many different plastics ,things were no longer necessarily what they seemed and the world became a bewildering mixture of authentic and imitation things.
24 When the object to be photographed has been properly placed ,the shutter opens for ,it may be ,a small fraction of a second ,and the light of the object is reflected into the camera and falls upon the sensitive gelatin film on the plate.
25 Virus are normally fought with vaccination—giving the human system a weak dose of the virus sufficient to set in motion the immune system that normally protects the body against specific infections.
26 Lacking information about energy use, people tend to overestimate the amount of energy used by equipment, such as lights, that are visible and must be turned on and off and underestimate that used by unobtrusive equipment, such as water heater.
27 The financial crash of October 1987 demonstrated that the world’s capital markets are more closely integrated than ever before and that events in one part of the global village may be transmitted to the rest of the village-almost instantaneously.
28 From the earliest days of the tribe, kinship determined the way in which the Ojibwa society involved in the distribution and consumption of those resources.
29 Scientist have suggested that once every 10 mill years or so a truly colossal object from space cuts through the atmosphere and slams into Earth, sending up a global pall of dust that blots out the sun ,alter the climate, and changes the course of evolution by killing off many plant and animal species.
30 However much United states voters may agree that there is waste in government and that the government as a whole spends beyond its means, it is difficult to find broad support for a movement toward a minimal state.
31 last spring a Colorado health department survey of 72 playgrounds in private child-care centers found that 95 percent had unsafe conditions ranging from splinters to equipment near collapse.
32 According to a panel of health officials, there has been a great deal of confusion in the medical profession about whether obesity is a biological disorder posing serious health risks or a condition more related to appearance than to health.
33 The company is negotiating to sell its profitable credit card subsidiary and plans to use money from that sale
to acquire some of the mortgage-servicing operations that are being sold by troubled savings institutions.
34 Chinese and English have different rules by which words are handled and sentences constructed.
35 the problem of making the machine respond to the presence of objects in different places such as the foot of the staircase has already been solved in partial prototypes.
36 when one considers the immense change in the size and reliability of computers and all other electronic devices that has taken place ,it is clear that computers for doing this type of control of movement according to sense impression will certainly be available.
37 despite the idea, which has grown like a cancer among us, that scientists and humanists cannot converse ,I believe that if they ever honestly try to talk together ,they will have no real difficulty and will discover that they share many problem which can be to their mutual benefit.
38 he denies that his father’s dismissal from his job and his own expulsion from the Gymnasium where he was a student, followed by forced entry into an all-Jewish school, have has the profound effect on his outlook on the world.
39.the best thing that could happen in the next generation, the thing that would make most people happy ,individually and collectively would be a return to this that all men ,no matter who they are or how much they know ,can tell one another something.
40 there is a choice between a Big Brother world where individual privacy is almost extinct and a world where the data are kept by individual organizations or services and kept secret and secure.
41 After the 1969 moon landing, the space program focused most of its efforts on the shuttle program, whose purpose was both to add to the growing application of satellites in space to commercial purposes and to satisfy the military’s need for development of space vehicles and operations,
42 When offices are planned the attention paid to the correct use of space ,and individual and company needs ,is often totally inadequate.
43 Moreover the corporate needs for good communications, smooth exchange of ideas and paper work, and flexibility demand a different form of planning.
44 A less costly way of training and guiding the company is perhaps what is needed, to avoid losing many times over the gains in short-term economies during the occupancy of a badly-planned environment.
45 The best of these approaches take into account not just the physical aspects of a building but the complex individual and group relationships which need to be understood before a plan is implemented,
46 preoccupations with rental costs has led in the past to open-plan offices which in the worst circumstances are laid out in such a regimented fashion that the atmosphere is totally impersonal.
47 What calamity caused her to sink about a quarter of a mile east of the horseshoe harbor of Kyrenia remains a mystery.
48 The first clue to the wreck’s existence came in 1964 when a spo
nge diver from the present-day resort of Kyrenia came across a pile of amphorae,ancient storage jugs.
49 Usually that which a man calls fate is a web of his own weaving, from threads of his spinning.
50 A fossil of dinosaurs found in Chinese with 34 youngsters clustered around it suggests that they could have been buried alive about 110 million years ago.
51 Man’s belief that his own action, at least in part ,control his destiny is being testified.
52 A quarter of a century after the introduction of television into American society, a period that has seen the medium become so deeply ingrained in American life that in at least one state the television set has attained the rank of a legal necessity, safe from repossession in case of debt along with clothes,cooking utensils,and the like ,television viewing has become an inevitable and ordinary part of daily life.
53 And he it was who dared to condemn us,the only group around nowadays who’ve got anything original to exhibit to the public,or at least to those members of the public who’ve got the taste and intelligence to make the effort to understand us.
54 This conclusion,reached by Dr S.I.Rasool and Dr.S.H.Schneider, of the United States Goddard space flight centre,answers the apparently conflicting questions of whether an increase in the carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere will cause the Earth to warm up or increasing the aerosol content will cause it to cool down.The Amercian have shown conclusively that the aerosol question is dominant.
55 Anything else that is causing your mind to give attention to it is drawing from your ability to concentrate and thus makes comprehending what you read a struggle.
56 This meant that the delicate balance the Rogers Commission sought,between assigning responsibility and preserving the basic infrastructure and effectiveness of NASA,had not quite been accepted by the American people themselves.
57 Perhaps we miss in the thriller the security of being safely led by our imperturbable investigator past a score of red herrings and blind avenues to a final gathering of suspects when an unchallengeable elucidation of all that has bewildered us is given and justice and goodness prevail.All that we vainly hope for from life is granted vicariously.
58 On one wall of most of the rooms in a modern house a picture whose subject and composition can be changed instantaneously whenever we wish.
59 You probably recall ,for example ,that the presence of mountain causes a dry climate in a region on the opposite side from which the prevailing winds come.
60 Snow-peaked mountains clothed with forests and framed by a cloud-flecked sky rest on the dark waters of a lake,
61 Even in recent times ,the not uncommon lack of truly factual historical data makes it difficult to reconstruct an accurate picture of what actually did happen in history.
62 With our knowledge of human history ,which is only fragmentary at best ,it is therefore nearly impossible to reconstruc
t the beginning ,and to deduce the end ,of the story of man.
63 A NASA spacecraft in orbit around Mars has detected apparent evidence of fresh mud flows seeping from what could be vast reservoirs of water just beneath the planet’s arid,dust-blown surface.
64 A study that tested that children between the ages of 6 months and 5 years found that those with a blood-lead of 10 meg per deciliter had,on average,a 7.4point-lower IQ than children 1 meg per deciliter.
65 There is profound agreement that the face ,along with the voice,body osture and hand gestures,forecasts to outside observers what people will do next.
66 For example,in the case of procedural knowledge ,there is a predictable relationship between the amount of practice a person has had with a skill and the proficiency or fluency with which they are able to perform the skill.
67 There must be few question on which responsible opinion is so utterly divided as on that of how much sleep we ought to have .
68 He who has once done you a kindness will be more ready to do you another than he for whom you yourself have done a favor.
69 It helps to complete the assessment for each individual student by disclosing factors which are not revealed by the written test ,either positive ones such as a friendly,outgoing character or a higher level of production than a writing test suggests ,or negative ones such as a slight stammer or more than average shyness.
70Waching TV is a deeper-rooted problem,sure.But it would help them all to get rid of the set.
71 What has happened to family rituals,those regular ,dependable,recurrent happenings that gave members of a family a feeling of belonging to a home rather than living in it merely for the sake of convenience,those experiences that act as the adhesive of family unity far more than any material advantages?
72 Nor did anyone imagine the number of hours children would eventually devote to television,the common use of television by parents as a child pacifier,the changes television would effect upon child-rearing methods ,the increasing domination of family schedules by children’s viewing requirement—in short ,the power of the new medium to dominate family life.
73 The movement of iron ore from one place where it has little use in supplying human wants to another place where it can supply these wants by ultimately being shaped into automobiles and applicants is termed place utility .One function of transportation is to create place utility.
74 Industry lawyers hesitated at suggestion that cigarette makers begin research to make safe cigarettes out of fears of the tricky problem such research would create for the entire industry.
75 It has also come to be closely associated with a variety of specific trends and policies,including an increasing reliance upon the free market ,a significant growth in the influence of international financial markets and institutions in determining the viability of national policy priorities ,a diminution in the ro
le of the state and the size of its budget ,the privatization of various functions previously considered to be the exclusive domain of the state ,the deregulation of a range of activities with a view to facilitating investment and rewarding individual initiative ,and a corresponding increase in the role and even responsibilities attributed to private actors ,both in the corporate sector ,in particular to the transnational corporations,and in civil society.
76 Gambling would still exist in an ideal society .The most we can hope for is control over exaggerated profits resulting from its business exploitation,far more attention and research devoted to the unhappy gambling addict and the type of education which will encourage an interest in so many other constructive activities that gambling itself will lose its fascination as an opiate to a dreary existence.
77 That big business profits from the satisfaction of a human instinct is a common enough phenomenon.
78 In contrast,it is very hard for people to care about strangers or about products to be used by strangers .In our era of industrial mass production and mass marketing ,quality is a constant problem because the intimate sentimental and personal bonds which once made us responsible to each other and to our products have withered away and been replaced by money relationships.
79 Not only are the products and consumers strangers but the women and men involved in various stages of production and distribution—management ,the worker on the factory floor ,the office help ,the salespeople –are also strangers to each other.
80 Nothing could be more dramatic than the difference between the new breed of little girls mothers and grandmothers before them ,clutch lingeringly and lovingly to the same doll until it disintegrates from sheer age.
81 Hollywood quickly recognize film as an entertainment medium with a unique ability to put people onto seats and money in the pockets of producers,distributors and cinema managers and, mostly ,left it to others to develop its potential as an art form.
82 What is the source of quality that one finds ,let us say,in a Pomo Indian basket do tightly woven that it was used to hold boiling water and never leaked a drop ,or in an Eskimo skin boat with its matchless combination of lightness,strength ,and seaworthiness?
83 It has been hypothesized that the emission of light on disturbance is advantageous to the plankton in making the predators of the plankton conspicuous to their predators !
84 Skeptics were dismayed several years ago when a group of societies including the American Medical Association tried to end the debate by issuing a joint statement :’At this time ,well over 1000studies …point overwhelmingly to a causal connection between media violence and aggressive behavior in some children.’
85 The intent of the new Harvard Center on Media and Child Health to collect and standardize studies of media violence in order to compare their methodologies ,a
ssumption and conclusions is an important step in the right direction.
86 Even to whisper that thought provokes anger.
87 Buoyed by laws and court decisions ,more and more older Americans are declining the retirement dinner in favor of staying on the job –thereby lessening employment and promotion opportunities for younger workers.
88 It no longer makes sense to treat the elderly as a single group whose economic needs deserve priority over those of others.
89 The fundamental problem of American democracy in the 21st century is the problem of structural racism the deep patterns of socio –economic inequality and accumulated disadvantage that are coded by race ,and constantly justified in public speeches by both racist stereotypes and white indifference .
90 In spite of these statistics .too many African-American youngsters still believe that they have a much better chance of becoming another Magic Johnson or Michael Jordan than they do of matching the achievement of Baltimore Mayor Kurt Schmoke or neurosurgeon Dr .Benjamin Carson, both of whom ,like Johnson and Jordan ,are black.
91 In realty ,an African-American youngster has about as much chance of becoming a professional athlete as he or she does of winning the lottery.
92 Those relatively few black athletes who do make it in the professional ranks must be prevailed upon to play a significant role in the education of all of your young people athlete and nonathlete alike .While some have done so,many others have shirked their social obligations :to earmark small percentage of their incomes for the United College Fund ;to appear on television for educational purposes rather than merely to sell sneakers ;to let children know the message that becoming a lawyer ,a teacher or a doctor does more good for our people than winning the Super Bowl;and to form productive liaisons with education to help forge solutions to the many ills that beset the black community .There are merely a few modest proposals.
93 Of course ,society as a whole bears responsibility as well.Until colleges stop using young blacks as cannon fodder in the big-business wars of so-called nonprofessional sports ,until training a young black’s mind becomes as important as training his or her body,we will continue to perpetuate a system akin to that of the Roan gladiators ,sacrificing a class of people for the entertainment of the mob.
94 At ground level ,ozone is a harmful pollutant,but in the stratosphere it shields the earth from the most biologically harmful radiation emitted by the Sun ,radiation in the ultraviolet band of the spectrum.
95 Contrary to earlier conjectures ,it may be that increased atmospheric carbon dioxide resulting from the combustion of fossil fuels would cool the globe by reducing the amount of solar energy absorbed by snow.
96 Rather than continue to produce most of the Items necessary for subsistence ,a growing number of farm families during the first decades of the nineteenth century began to
specialize in the production of grain or cotton and to use the cash proceeds from the sale of their crops to buy.
97 New theories propose that catastrophic impacts of asteroids and comets may have caused reversals in the Earth’s magnetic field ,the onset of ice ages ,the splitting apart of continents 80million years ago ,and great volcanic eruptions.
98 One view of the economy contends that a large drop in oil prices should eventually lead to a lowering of interest rates and of fears about inflation,a rally in stocks and bonds ,and a weakening of the dollar.
99 Following the nutrition board’s advice on salt consumption would mean a virtual end of the use of salt in cooking ,and avoidance of obviously salty foods,and a reduced reliance on processed foods that contain significant but often hidden amounts of sodium.
100 The economic forces that which may affect the new public offering of stock include sudden downturns in the market ,hedging and other investor strategies for preventing losers,a loosening of the interest rates in Washington,and a fear that the company may still be undercapitalized.
101 Among the reasons for the decline of New England agriculture in the last three decades were the high cost of land ,the pressure of housing and commercial development,and a matketing and distribution system based on importing produce from Florida and California/
102 The decision by one of the nation’s largest banks to admit to ￥30billion in potential losses on foreign loans could mean less lending by commercial banks to developing countries and increased pressure on multigovernment lenders to supply the funds .
103 In 1993 the rubber.clothing .and shipbuilding industries put into effect a six-hour workday,not as a temporary expedient but as a seemingly permanent accommodation to what many observers thought was an economy made overproduction by advances in technology.
104 With its plan to develop seven and a half acres of shore land,Cleveland but one of a large number of communities on the Great Lakes that are looking to their waterfronts to improve the quality of urban life and attract new businesses.
105 Several recent studies suggest that children born into families whose members have allergies will probably themselves develop allergies following the onset of a minor viral infection.
106 The major areas of medicine in which lasers are effective are the cutting and closing of blood vessels,and the destruction of tumors.
107 Discrimination in wages in predominantly male occupations over the predominantly female has given rise to substantial differentials between the wages of housepainters and secretaries and between the wages of parking-lot attendants and library assistants.
108 While larger banks can afford to maintain their own data-processing operations ,many smaller regional and community banks are finding that the costs associated with upgrading data-processing equipment and with the development and maintenance of new products an
d technical staff are prohibitive.
109 The period when the great painted caves at Lascaux and Altamira were occupied by Upper Paleolithic people has been established by carbon-14dating ,but what is much more difficult to determine is the reason for their decoration,the use to which primitive people put the cave ,and the meaning of the magnificently depicted animals.
110 Research during the past several decades on the nature of language and the processes that produce and make it understandable has revealed great complexity instead of underlying simplicity.
111 The brain is sth of a stimulus –reduction system ,a means to reduce,in order to comprehend ,the nearly infinite number of stimuli that reach the senses at any given moment.
112 The rules that govern political contributions are less stringent in local election than they are in national elections because local elections typically involve smaller amounts of money and present less opportunity for abuse .
113 After the Civil War ,contemporaries of Harrier Tubman maintained that she had all of the qualities of a great leader,coolness in the face of danger,an excellent smaller sense of strategy ,and an ability to plan in minute detail .
114 Those who come to church with a predisposition to religious belief will be happy in an auditorium or even a storefront ,and there is no doubt that religion is sometimes better served by such adapted spaces than by some of the buildings actually designed for it.
115 States officials report that soaring rates for liability insurance are forcing cutbacks in the operations of everything from local government and school districts to day-care centers and recreational facilities.
116 Although the Supreme courts ruled as long ago as 1880 that Blacks could not be excluded outright from jury service ,nearly a century of case –by-case adjudication has been necessary to develop and enforce the principle that all juries must be drawn from a fair cross section of the community.
117 A study commissioned by the Department of Agriculture showed that if calves exercise and associate with other calves ,they require less medication and gain weight more quickly than do those raised in confinement.
118 The rise in the Commerce Department’s index of leading economic indicators suggests that the economy will continue to expand in the coming months .but the mixed performance of the index’s individual component indicates that economic growth will proceed at a more moderate pace than in the first quarter of this year.
119 Since chromosome damage may be caused by viral infections,medical X-rays,and exposure to sunlight ,it is important that the chromosomes of a population to be tested for chemically induced damage be compared with those of a control population.
120 Developing nations in various parts of the world have amassed $500billion in debt,at stake ,should a significant number of these debts be repudiated ,is the solvency of some of the world’s largest multin
ational banks.
121 There is substantial evidence that certain forms of solar energy either are now economically competitive with conventional sources of heat and power or will be so within a few years.
122 Constance Horner,chief of the United States government’s personal agency ,has recommended that the use of any dangerous or illegal drug in the five years prior to application for a job be grounds for not hiring an applicant.
123 According to a study published by Dr.Myma Weissman ,only one percent of Americans born before 1905 had suffered major depressed by age twenty-four.
124 Since 1986 when the Department of Labor began to allow fees of investment officers to be based on the performance of the funds they manage,several corporations have begun paying their investment advisers a small basic fee, with a contract promising higher fee if the managers perform well.
125 Contrary to popular opinion ,the movement toward a service economy is not leading to lower standards of living or to a more unequal distribution of incomes ,nor is it displacing the physical production goods.
126 Recently discovered fossil remains strongly suggest that the Australian egg-laying mammals of today are a branch of the main stem of mammalian evolution rather than a type that developed independently from a common ancestor of mammals more than 220 million years ago.
127 The demand for airplane mechanics is expected to grow about then percent a year in the next decade,largely because new federal rules call for major modifications to older planes and because the airlines are adding hundreds of new jets.
128 What’s bad for the new york times is not necessarily bad for journalism any more than what is good for the NYT is necessarily good for journalism.
129 John Deney has said in all seriousness that the part played by custom in shaping the behavior of the individual as over against any way in which he can effect traditional custom.is as the proportion of the total vocabulary of his mother tongue over against those words of his own baby talk that are taken up into the vernacular of his family.