2015年英语四级阅读模拟试题及答案
（精品试卷五）
Sectio n C
Direct ions: There are 2 passages in this sect ion. Each passage is followed by some questi ons or unfini shed stateme nts. For each of them there are four choices markedA . ,B . , C . and D . . You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresp onding letter on An swer Sheet 2 with a si ngle line through the cen tre.
Passage One
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.
Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time: if corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference betwee n the Ian guage he uses and the Ian guage those around him use. Bit by bit, he makes the n ecessary cha nges to make his Ian guage like other people's. In the same way, when children learn to do all the other things
they learn to do without being taught to walk, run, climb, whistle, ride a bicycle--compare those performances with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the n eeded cha nges. But in school we n ever give a child a chance to find out his own mistakes for himself, let alone correct them. We do it all for him. We act as if we thought that he would n ever no tice a mistake uni ess it was poin ted out to him, or correct it uni ess he was madeto. Soon he becomesdependent on the teacher. Let him do it himself. Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word says, what an swer is to that problem, whether this is a good way of say ing or doing this or not.
If it is a matter of right answers, as it may be in mathematics or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time on such routine work? Our job should be to help the child when he tells
us that he can't find the way to get the right answer. Let's end this nonsense of grades, exams,marks. Let us throw them all out, and let the children learn what all educated persons must someday learn, how to measure their own understanding, how to know what they know or do not know.
Let them get on with this job in the way that seems most sensible to them, with our help as school teachers if they ask for it. The idea that there is a body of kno wledge to be lear nt at school and used for the rest of one's life is nonsense in a world as complicated and rapidly changing as ours. An xious pare nts and teachers say, "But suppose they fail to lear n something essential, something they will need to get in the world?"
Don't worry! If it is esse ntial, they will go out in to the world and lear n it.
56. What does the author think is the best way for children to learn things?
A. By imitat ing what other people do.
B. By maki ng mistakes and hav ing them corrected.
C. By liste ning to expla nati ons from skilled people.
D. By ask ing a great many questi ons.
57. The passage suggests that lear ning to speak and leam ing to fide a
bicycle are _________ .
A. not really important skills
B. more importa nt tha n other skills
C. basically differe nt from lear ning adult skills
D. basically the same as learning other skills
58. Accord ing to the passage, the author thinks teachers in school
should _________ .
A. allow childre n to lear n by himself or herself
B. point out childre n's mistakes whe never they're found
C. correct children's mistakes as soon as possible
D. give childre n more book kno wledge
59. The author believes the teacher's role in children's learning should
be _________ .
A. the identifier and corrector of their errors
B. their helper and guide
C. the person to grade their performanee and give feedbacks
D. the person to pass on something essential to them
60. The title of this passage could probably be ________ .
A. Let Teachers Stop Work
B. Let Us Make Childre n Lear n
C. Let Childre n Correct Their Own Papers
D. Let Childre n Lear n by Themselves
Passage Two
Questi ons 61 to 65 are based on the follow ing passage.
Researchers in the field of psychology have found that one of the best ways to make an importa nt decisi on, such as choos ing a uni versity to atte nd or a bus in ess to in vest in, inv olves the utilizati on of a decisi on worksheet.
Psychologists who study optimizati on （最优化）compare the actual decisions madeby people to theoretical ideal decisions to see howsimilar they are. Proponents （支持者）of the worksheet procedure believe that it will yield optimal, that is, the best decisions. Although there are several variations on the exact format that worksheets can take,they are
all similar in their essential aspects. Worksheets require defining the
problem in a clear and concise way and then listing all possible solutions
to the problem. Next, the pert inent （相关的）con siderati ons that will be affected by each decision are listed, and the relative importanee of each con sideratio n or con seque nee is determ in ed. Each con siderati on is assigned a
numerical value to reflect its relative importanee. A decision is mathematically calculated by addi ng these values together. The alter native with the highest nu mber of poi nts emerges as the best decisi on.
Si nee most importa nt problems are multifaceted （多层面的），there are several alter natives to choose from,each with unique adva ntages and disadva ntages. On eof the ben efits of a pen cil and paper decisi on-mak ing procedure is that it permits people to deal with more variables than their minds can gen erally comprehe nd and remember. On the average, people can keep about seve n ideas in their minds at on ce. A worksheet can be especially useful when the decision invoIves a large number of variables with complex relatio nships. A realistic example for my college stude nts is the questi on "What will I do after graduati on?" A graduate might seek
a positi on that offers specialized training, pursue an adva need degree, or travel abroad for a year.
A decision-making worksheet begins with succinct （简洁的）statement of the problem that will also help to narrow it. It is important to be clear about the disti ncti on betwee n Ion g-ra nge and immediate goals because Ion g-ra nge goals ofte n invo Ive a differe nt decisi on tha n short-ra nge on es. Focus ing on Ion g-ra nge goals, a graduat ing stude nt might revise the question above to "What will I do after graduation that
will lead to a successful career?"
61. Of the following stepsis the one that occurs before the others in making a decisi on worksheet.
A. listi ng the eon seque nces of each solutio n
B. calculat ing a nu merical summary of each soluti on
C. writing down all possible solutions
D. decid ing which eon seque nces are most importa nt
62. Accord ing to decisi on-worksheet theory, an optimal decisi on is
defi ned as one that _________ .
A. has the fewest variables to eon sider
B. uses the most decisi on worksheets
C. has the most points assig ned to it
D. is agreed to by the greatest nu mber of people
63. The author develops the discussi on in paragraph 1 by means
of ________ .
A. describ ing a process
B. classify ing differe nt types
C. provid ing historical backgro und
D. expla ining a theory
64. The author's attitude towards a pen cil and paper decisi on-mak ing
procedure is __________ .
A. n eural
B. appro ving
C. ambiguous
D. biased
65. The passage mainly discusses __________ .
A. a tool to assist in making complex decisions
B. a comparison of actual decisions and ideal decisions
C. research on how people make decisi ons
D. differe nces betwee n making Ion g-ra nge and short-ra nge decisi ons
【参考译文】
让孩子学着评价自己的工作。一个学说话的孩子不能靠别人总给他纠正错误来学习：如果被纠正过多，他就会停止说话。［56］一天到晚，他都在注意自己讲的话跟周围人讲的有什么不同。这样慢慢地.他就自然而然地作出改变，说话
跟其他人一样了。［56］［57］同样，孩子学别的东西时，他们也是不用教就能学会：走、跑、爬、吹口哨、骑车一一他们会观察那些技术更熟练的人们是怎样做的，对比之后就会作出必要的改变。但是在学校里，我们从不给孩子们机会让他们自己找出错误，更不用说自己改正了。我们总是替他们全部做好。［58］我们总是表现得好像我们觉得他们永远不会自己发现错误：非堡我们指出来让他们改正不可。很快孩子就变得依赖老师了。放手让他自己做吧。让他自己解决问题吧，如果他想的话，可以请其他孩子帮忙：这个单词是什么意思，这个问题该怎样回答，这样说或者这样做是否合适。
如果问题有正确答案，比如可能是数学或者科学问题，那么把答案给孩子。让他批改自己的试卷。我们老师为何要浪费时间做这样无聊的事情呢？［59］我们
的工作应当是在孩子找不到问题的正确答案时给予帮助。让我们结束毫无意义
的评级、考试和分数吧。让我们把这些全都抛开，让孩子学到所有受教育者终有一天都要学到的东西，学着如何思忖自己的理解，如何了解已知的和未知的知识。
［59］让他们用最适合自己的方式独立学习：如果他们需要，可以寻求老师的
帮助。在我们现在这样一个复杂而又快速发展的社会，“学校里有许多知识要学,学到之后就能一生受用”的观点就是胡扯。忧心忡忡的家长和老师说：“但
是如果孩子学不到必要的东西，学不到将来进入社会必须要有的东西，那该怎么办？”不要担心！如果那些东西很必要，那么以后进入社会他们就会学到的。
【答案解析】
56. A
定位：根据题干信息thebestwayforchildrentolearnthings 可将答案定位到第
一段前半部分。
解析：第一段首句提出了文章的论点：“ Let childrenlearntojudgetheirownwork .（让孩子学着评价自己的工作。）” 接着举
例说：“一个学说话的孩子一天到晚都在注意自己讲的话跟周围人讲的有什么不同。这样慢慢地，他就自然而然地作出改变，说话跟其他人一样了。同样，孩子学别的东西时……他们会观察那些技术更熟练的人们是怎样做的，对比之后就会作出
必要的改变。”可见作者认为，小孩最好的学习方法就是模仿别人怎么做。故选A。
57. D
定位：根据题干信息learningto speak andlearningto ride abicycle 可将答案定位到第一段中间部分。
解析: learningto speak 和learningto ride abicycle 出现在第一段。作者
在说明自己观点的时候，将学说话与学习其他技能（比如走、跑、爬、吹口哨、骑车等）进行了对比，并且认为孩子学习说话和学习其他技能的基本方式是一样的，都是通过模仿然后进行自我调整。故选Db
58. A
定位：根据题干信息teachers in school should可将答案定位到第一段后半部分。
解析：第一段后半部分作者建议说：“我们总是表现得好像我们觉得他们永远不会自己发现错误，非得我们指出来让他们改正不可。很快孩子就变得依赖老师了。放手让他靠自己吧。让他自己解决问题吧，如果他想的话，可以请其他孩子帮忙……”作者直言不讳，认为应该让孩子们自己发现自己的错误，如果需要的话，也可以请其他孩子来帮助。指出学生的问题和错误，不可以也不需要老师包办。故选A。
59. B
定位：根据题干信息the teacher ' s role in children ' s learning 可将答案定位到第二段第四句。
解析：该句提到：“我们的工作应当是在孩子找不到问题的正确答案时给予帮助。”第三段第一句也提到：“让他们用最适合自己的方式独立学习，如果他们需要，可以寻求老师的帮助。”可见，老师的作用主要是在学生的学习过程中对他们进行帮助和指导。
60. D
定位：根据题干信息titleofthispassage 可知解答本题需通观全文。
解析：文章第一句即提到：“让孩子学着评价自己的工作。”接着，全篇文章
都围绕“让孩子自己学习”这个主题展开，提到老师们总是等不及孩子们自己发
现问题，就指出他们的错误并帮助他们改正，其实孩子会观察他人如何做，进行模仿，然后作出改变来使自己的行为、认知与他人更接近。故选0
【参考译文】
心理学领域的研究者发现，作出重要决定（比如，该选择哪一所大学，该投资哪笔生意）的一个最佳方法就是使用决策工作表单。研究“最优化”的心理学家比较人们实际做的决定和理论上理想的决定，想看看两者之间的相似之处。支持使用工作表单的人认为，这种方式可以产生“最优化”效果，即最佳决定。尽管工作表单有数种不同的具体形式，但是基本内容却是相同的。［61］工作表单需要人们将问题以清晰简洁的方式表现出来.然后列出所有可能解决问题的方案。接下来，列出每个解决方案会带来怎样的相关考虑，而且需要确定每项考虑或结果孰轻孰重。需要用数值来标记每项考虑，来反映其相对的重要性。
［62］通过将这些数值加在一起，运用数学计算的方法就可以作出一个决定。
其中，综合分数最高的解决方案即为最佳选择。
由于一些最重要的问题往往都包含多个层面，因此会有多种备选方案，而每一种
方案都各有利弊。
[64]用纸笔作决定的好处就是。相比一般情况下大脑可以理解和记忆的信息，
纸笔记录可以使人能处理更多的变量。一般来说，人们同时可以记住七个概念。当一个方案涉及很多变量及其复杂关系时，工作表单就显得特别有用了。举个现实的例子，我教的大学学生会问“毕业后我要做什么工作呢？”大学毕业生也许会找一个提供专业培训的工作岗位，也可能想继续深造拿更高的学位或者出国旅行一年。
一个决策工作表单从简洁描述一个问题开始，而这个简洁描述也会有助于缩小解决方案的范围。分清楚长远目标和短期目标很重要，因为与短期目标相比，长远目标的决定过程通常与之完全不同。如果专注于长远目标，针对上面那个问题，即将毕业的大学生可能就会这样问：“毕业之后我做什么能够引领我走上
成功的职业道路？”
【答案解析】
61. C
定位：根据题干信息occursbeforetheothers,makingadecisionworksheet 可将答案定位到第一段中间部分。
解析：作者在介绍制作决策工作表单的步骤时第一句就提到：“工作表单需要人们将问题以清晰简洁的方式表现出来，然后列出所有可能解决问题的方案。”接下来，每种方案才被逐一分析。可见在四个选项中，C项在其他步骤之前。故选
c。
62. C
定位：根据题干信息anoptimaldecision 可将答案定位到第一段最后两句。
解析：文中提到，这种工作表单可以产生“最优化”效果，“通过将各种数值加在一起，运用数学计算的方法就可以作出一个决定。其中，综合分数最高的解决方案即为最佳选择。”可见，最好的决定必然是得分最高的选项。故选C。
63. A
定位：根据题干信息paragraph 1可将答案定位到第一段。
解析：本题考查第一段的写作逻辑。作者在第一段首先提出论点，即使用决策工作表单来作决定是最佳方法之一，接着展开论述，在论述的时候，对这种工作表单的具体使用方法和操作步骤进行了介绍，重点在于描述过程。故选A。
64. B
定位：根据题干信息 a pencil and paper decision —making procedure 可将答案定位到第二段第二句。
解析：该句提到：“用纸笔作决定的好处就是，相比一般情况下大脑可以理解和记忆的信息，纸笔记录可以使人能处理更多的变量。”后文也提到，这种借助纸和笔的工作表单在处理很多变量及其复杂关系时有很大帮助。可见，作者对于这种决策方法持支持的态度，故选B。
65. A
定位：根据题干信息the passage mainly discusses可知解答本题需通观全文。解析：文章首句提到：“作出重要决定的一个最佳方法就是使用决策工作表单”。接着，作者介绍了利用这种工作表单得出最优决定的方法。第二段提到借助纸笔完成的工作表单比单纯用头脑记忆更有效，能帮助分析和处理更加复杂的问题。第三段提到这种工作表单要求对问题的描述比较简洁，而且要分清短期
目标和长期目标。可见，文章通篇都是在介绍这种能帮助人们分析复杂问题的决策工作表单。故选A。
大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案.
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3 大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案（四） 十六 Trees should only be pruned when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and , fortunately,the number of such reasons is small. Pruning involves the cutting away of obergrown and unwanted branches, and the inexperienced gardener can be encouraged by the thought that more damage results from doing it unnecessarily than from leaving the tree to grow in its own way. First, pruning may be done to make sure that trees have a desired shape or size. The object may be to get a tree of the right height, and at the same time to help the growth of small side branches which will thicken its appearance or give it a special shape. Secondly, pruning may be done to make the tree healthier. You may cut diseaed or dead wood, or branches that are rubbing against each other and thus cause wounds. The health of a tree may be encouraged by removing branches that are blocking up the centre and so preventing the free movement of air. One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy entry for disease, but itis a wound that will heal. Often there is a race between the healing and the desease as to whether the tree will live or die, so that there is a period when the tree is at risk. It should be the aim of every gardener to reduce which has been pruned smooth and clean, for healing will be slowed down by roughness. You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hurs and then paint it with one of the substances available from garden shops produced especially for this purpose. Pruning is usually without interference from the leaves and also it is very unlikely that the cuts yu make will bleed. If this does happen,it is, of course,impossible to paint them properly. 1.Pruning should be done to ______. a.make the tree grow taller
英语四级快速阅读技巧 英语四级快速阅读从20__年6月份首次出现到现在题型的难度一直在稳步递增其中也包含了题型的改变(自20__年12月份起将判断题改为选择题)。这既折射出了命题者对该部分题型命制的探索与不断创新也反映出了命题者在反复调整题型的难度系数想要给该部分寻找到一个合适的分量。这种尝试既有成功但也有欠考虑之处。考生普遍反映快速阅读难度过大个别题目超出了四级甚至是六级考试大纲的要求。下面将结合真题为各位考生揭开快速阅读解题的神秘面纱： 第一步：浏览Skim ( 0.5分钟 2分钟 ) 1.分析大标题(Brainstorm the Title)(5 10秒)目的：调动脑细胞主动预测文章内容。 官方样题Landfills 的分析思路：land + fill = 土地填埋加了s, 可能指多处填埋场地。在不认识这个单词的情况下(汉译：垃圾填筑地)能想到这一层就算漂亮。 20__年12月真题Si_ Secrets of High-Energy People的分析思路：secrets：多数人不知道一定新颖有趣;high-energy people 只能是指精力充沛的人不可能是_战警。文章要告诉我们那些人为什么精力充沛希望我们学习他们的秘诀。 20__年6月真题Highways的分析思路：为什么要修建公路怎么修建公路有哪些功能存在哪些问题一般说明文的写作结构都是
如此：计划成形功能问题。例如：联合国的起因联合国的成立联合国的运作联合国的问题。 2.分析小标题 (Tidy the Subtitles)(20 25秒) 目的：了解文章内容把握总体结构。 官方样题： Sub 1：How Much Trash Is Generated 一看该段字数少忽视Sub 2：How Is Trash Disposed of 关键字：处理 Sub 3：What Is a Landfill 引进主题字数增加进入重点。推理：landfill 肯定是上面提到的一种垃圾处理方法 Sub 4：Proposing the Landfill Landfill由新信息变成已知信息。关键字：Proposing 计划、建议 Sub 5：Building the Landfill 关键字：Building 修建 注意：前一段讲计划这一段讲修建联系紧密可以合并 Sub 6：What happens to Trash in a Landfill 关键字：What happens; 字数少忽视 Sub 7：How Is a Landfill Operated 关键字：Operated 如何运作。字数最多包含的答案点也最多。重点段。 然后总结文章结构帮助答题时定位：第两段引起话题中间三段讲建造最后两段讲操作。提醒：整理小标题的时候不要阅读文章。
大学英语四级阅读理解试 题及答案一 It was last revised on January 2, 2021
大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案（一） 一 There are three kinds of goals: short-term,medium-range and long-term goals. Short-range goals are those that usually deal with current activities,which we can apply on a daily goals can be achieved in a week or less,or two weeks,or possible should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation ,out long-term goals cannot amount to very munch without the achievement of solid short-term completing our short-term goals,we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed. The intermediate goals bukld on the foundation of the short-range might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year,or they could even extend for several time you move a step at a time,you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step,you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow adn as your list of completion dates grow,your motivation and desire will increase. Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action. long-term goals mean a lot__. we complete our short-range goals we cannot reach solid short-term goals we write down the dates we put forward some plans short-term goals are bulid upon__. years goals activities goals that have been completed we complete each step of our goals ,__. will win final success are overwhelmed should build up confidence of success should strong desire for setting new goals our goals are drawn up,__. should stick to them until we complete them may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunities had better wait for the exciting news of success have made great decision is implied but not stated in the passage that ___. who habe long-term goals will succeed down the dates may discourage you
历年来英语四级考试格式 考试答题的顺序 1.作文分数106.5分 2.快速阅读71分 3.听力部分248.5分 4.是一篇篇章词汇理解和两篇传统的阅读理解，177.5分 5.是完形填空（极大可能考这个）71分 6.翻译，汉译英并且需译部分只是一般的短句翻译。35.5分 CET-4考试内容 一、试卷构成和成绩报道 就所测试的语言能力而言，试点阶段的四级考试由以下四个部分构成：1）听力理解；2）阅读理解；3）完型填空或改错；4）写作和翻译。 听力理解部分分值比例为35%；其中听力对话15%，听力短文20%。听力对话部分包括短对话和长对话的听力理解；听力短文部分包括选择题型的短文理解和复合式听写。 阅读理解部分分值比例为35%；其中仔细阅读部分（Reading in Depth）25%，快速阅读部分（Skimming and Scanning）10%。仔细阅读部分分为：a）选择题型的篇章阅读理解；b）篇章层次的词汇理解（Banked Cloze）或短句问答（Short Answer Questions）。快速阅读理解部分测试的是浏览阅读和查读能力。 完型填空或改错部分分值比例为10%。完型填空部分采用多项选择题型，改错部分的要求是辨认错误并改正。
写作和翻译部分分值比例为20%；其中写作部分（Writing）15%，翻译部分（Translation）5%。写作的体裁包括议论文、说明文、应用文等；翻译部分测试的是句子、短语或常用表达层次上的中译英能力。 具体比例搭配如下： 作文15%（有14分、12分、8分、6分、2分和0分四个档次，用时30分钟） 快速阅读10%(7个判断题每个1%，3个填空题也是1%，单词拼写错误不给分，用时15分钟) 听力35%（短对话8个，每个1%，长对话8个，每个1%，短文10个，每个1%，填词7个，每个0.5%，3个句子分别为2%，2%，2.5%。用时35分钟） 篇章阅读20%+词汇阅读5%（传统阅读10个，一个2%，选词阅读10%，一个0.5%。用时25分钟） 完型填空10%（20个小题，一题0.5%。用时15分钟） 翻译5%（一题1%。用时5分钟） 快速阅读的答题方式不一定 写作：30分钟， 107分（15%） 快速阅读 15分钟，70分（10%）
大学英语四级阅读理解（1）We find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed-ability teaching. On the contrary, both their knowledge and experience are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming(把......按能力分班) pupils. It does not take into account the fact that children develop at different rates. It can have a bad effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright child. After all, it can be quite discouraging to be at the bottom of the top grade! Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual ability. This is only one aspect of their total personality. We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full, not just their academic ability. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning. In our classrooms, we work in various ways. The pupils often work in groups: this gives them the opportunity to learn to co-operate, to share, and to develop leadership skills. They also learn how to cope with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyse and evaluate, and to communicate effectively. The pupils learn from each other as well as from the teacher. Sometimes the pupils work in pairs; sometimes they work on individual tasks and assignments, and they can do this at their own speed. They also have some formal class teaching when this is appropriate. We encourage our pupils to use the library, and we teach them the skills they need in order to do this efficiently. An advanced pupil can do advanced work: it does not matter what age the child is. We expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give them every
大学英语四级阅读40篇(1) 2/40 The economy of the United states after 1952 was the econnomy of a well-fed,almost fully employed people. Despit occasional alarms, the country escaped any postwar depression and lived in a state of boom. A n economic survey of the year 1955, a typical year of the 1950’s, may be typical as illustrating the rapid economic growth of the decade. The national output was value at 10 percent above that of 1954 (1955 output was estimated at 392 billion dollars). The production of manufacturers was about 40 percent more than it had averaged in the years immediately following World War 2. The country’s business spent about 30billion dollars for new factories and machinery. National income available for spending was almost a third greater than it had been it had been in 1950. Consumers spent about 256 billion dollars; that is about 700 million dollars a day ,or about twenty-five million dollars every hour , all round the clock. Sixty-five million people held jobs and only a little more than two million wanted jobs but could not find them . Only agriculture
大学英语四级阅读理解试题 Many people believe the glare from snow causes snowblindnenss. Yet, dark glasses or not , they find themselves suffering from headaches and watering eyes,and even snowblindness,when exposed to several hours of "snow light" . The United States Army has now determined that glare from snow does not cause snowblindness in troops in a snow- covered , a man's eyes frequently find nothing to foucs on in a broad expanse of barren snow-covered terrain. So his gaze continually shifts and jumps back and forth over the entire landscape in search of tsomething to look at. Finding nothing, hour after hour, the eyes never sotp searching and the eyeballs become sore and the eye muscles ache. Nature offsets this irritation by producing more and fluid which covers the eyeball. The fluid coversthe eyeball in increasing quantity until vision blurs, then is obsured,and the result is total, even though temporary,snowblindness. Experiments led the Army to a simple method of overcoming this problem. Scouts ahead of a main body of troops are
大学英语四级考试快速阅读技巧 一.测试目的 快速阅读，顾名思义，它的目的在于测试考生单位时间当中的阅 读量，其实四级对速度的考查是近几年一直延续的一种结果。同时， 在解答题目方面，快速阅读并不强调一定要像精读文章那样通篇认真 研究，相反，快速阅读题目更强调测试考生在实践语言环境中查询有 效信息的能力，这也反映出四六级考试试图提升考生实际应用能力的 改革方向。 二.测试形式 快速阅读要求考生在15 分钟内完成一篇1100字左右的文章和后面的 10 道题。前面 7 个题是判断正误（包括NG），后 3 个是填空题填根据阅读的理解，填三到四个单词( 答案基本都是原文中出现的原 词)。快速阅读的文章一般分为小标题+题目和无小标题+题目两种类型。该题型需要通过略读和寻读法，乃至文章逻辑关系、标点符号等方面的综合运用，实现对随后的题目有效的判断和填写。 三.基本要求 1. 快速阅读的文章基本都是专业题材的文章，很多考生可能会觉得 很陌生，但是对于 CET-4 的快速阅读开始来说，只要求考生
对题目所提到的信息在原文中能够找到即可，只是有时需要简 单的同义词替换。 2. 略读（ Skimming）和寻读（ Scanning ）的能力在大学英语四级考试中显得尤为重要。 3. 快速阅读要求考生的阅读速度是每分钟 110-140 词。 四.快速阅读方法 1.推测（prediction） 阅读正文前，就标题（如果有标题的话）来合理推测资料的 大概内容，也可在读了一段之后预测下段内容。这对快速理解和 整体把握文章内容以及推测出生词的词义范围有积极的意义。 2.读关键词句（key words and topic sentences） 在对文章的整体内容有了基本认识的基础上，我们学会抓主 要的词句，找出段落中的主题句，从而正确领会文章的主要内容。3.略读(skimming) 略读又称跳读 (reading and skipping)或浏览(glancing)，是一种专门的，非常实用的快速阅读技能。 所谓略读，是指以尽可能快的速度阅读，如同从飞机上鸟瞰(bird ’s eye view ) 地面上的明显标志一样，迅速获取文章大意或中心思想。换句话说，略读是要求读者有选择地进行阅读，可跳过某些细节，以求抓住文章的大概，从而加快阅读速度。据统计，训练有素的略读者(skimmer) 的阅读速度可以达到每分钟 3000 到 4000 个词。
大学英语四级2017年6月阅读理解汇总 17.6.1 The method for making beer has changed over time. Hops (啤酒花)，for example, which give many a modem beer its bitter flavor, are a (26)_______ recent addition to the beverage. This was first mentioned in reference to brewing in the ninth century. Now, researchers have found a (27)_______ingredient in residue (残留物）from 5,000-year-old beer brewing equipment. While digging two pits at a site in the central plains of China, scientists discovered fragments from pots and vessels. The different shapes of the containers (28)_______ they were used to brew, filter, and store beer. They may be ancient “beer-making tools,”and the earliest (29_______ evidence of beer brewing in China, the researchers reported in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. To (30)_______ that theory, the team examined the yellowish, dried (31)_______ inside the vessels. The majority of the grains, about 80%, were from cereal crops like barley (大麦),and about 10% were bits of roots, (32)_______lily,which would have made the beer sweeter, the scientists
As the pace of life continues to increase ,we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through lift,being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body. Stress is an natural part of everyday lift and there is no way to avoid it. In fact ,it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be .A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation adn give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health. The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress,and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress,in whatever form,we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between "fight" or "flight" and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme,but however little the stress,it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long,through continued exposure to stress,that health becomes endangered.Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress.Since we cannot remove stress from our lives(it would be unwise to do so even if we could),we need to find ways to deal with it. 1.People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because_____. a.they do not know how to enjoy themselves b.they do not believe that relaxation is important for health c.they are travelling fast all the time d.they are becoming busier with their work 2.According to the writer ,the most important character for a good manager is his ________. a.not fearing stress b.knowing the art of relaxation c.high sense of responsibility d.having control over performance 3.Which of the follwing statements is ture? a.We can find some ways to avoid stress b.Stress is always harmful to people
Directions:In this part,you will have15minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet1.For questions1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked[A],[B],[C]and[D].For questions8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. How to Visualize Your Success Have you ever heard of visualization(可视化)?Of course you have.Everybody’s heard of visualization and everybody partakes in it whether they realize it or not.How it works though is an altogether different matter.I want to take a closer look today at the mechanics of why visualizing works without necessarily delving into concepts and theories that cannot be proven. The brain has great difficulty in distinguishing between what’s true and what’s imagined.There is an off-cited(经常被引用的)example of an experiment conducted by Austrahan Psychologist,Alan Richardson.He took some basketball players and split them into3 equal groups.One group was told to practice their free throw technique twenty minutes per day. The next group was told to spend twenty minutes per day visualizing,but not attempting free throws,and the final group wasn’t allowed to either practice or visualize.At the end of the test period the group that had done nothing remained as they were,but both the other groups showed similar degrees of improvement,The people who only visualized playing basketball were able to perform almost as well as the ones who had actually practiced. "How can that be so?" Firstly,the people practicing would miss some shots.Each time they missed they had in effect,practiced how to miss. The people that were visualizing would be hitting every basket so they were building up the feelings and memory of how to be successful. Forging a Path through a Meadow Imagine walking home from a new job.You suddenly realize that there is a meadow of long grass that will cut20minutes off your walk.If you live in New York you’re going to need a great imagination for this one. The first few times you can barely see which way you had walked the previous day. However,after10or20times you can clearly see a pathway starting to form,and after100times all the grass is worn away and there’s a farmer with a shotgun and large dog waiting for you at the end.Let’s presume our gun-toting friend is a big softie and he allows you to use that route as long as you want.What are the odds that next time you try a slightly different direction?Slim to none would be my guess. After all,you know this way works and you have a lovely easy path. On the other hand,if Farmer Giles starts taking pot shotsat you and sportingly lets the dog try and shoot you too,before releasing it to sink its gnashers into your rear end,then you’ll probably find a new way home once you’re released from hospital. The next time you’re walking home you opt against reacquainting yourself with Fido and spot another meadow further along the road.The same process then begins to take place only this time the original path you made has started to grow back. How We Create a Path in Our Mind That is what happens when we form thoughts in our mind.The first time we have a new thought it is a weakling(虚弱者)of a thought that has sand kicked in its face by stronger thoughts and beliefs.Each time you re-think it though it grows in
英语四级阅读理解练习题及解析(1) 【阅读练习】 What is it about Americans and food? We love to eat,but we feel 1 about it afterward. We say we want only the bes t, but we strangely enjoy junkfood. We’re 2 with health an d weight loss but face an unprecedented epidemic of obes ity(肥胖). Perhaps the 3 to this ambivalence(矛盾情 结) lies in our history. The first Europeans cameto this con tinent searching for new spices but went in vain. The first cash crop(经济作 物)wasn’t eaten but smoked. Then there was Prohibition, i ntended to prohibit drinking butactually encouraging more 4 ways of doing it. The immigrant experience, too, has been one of inharmon y. Do as Romans do meanseating what “real Americans” e at, but our nation’s food has come to be 5 by imports—piz za,say, or hot dogs. And some of the country’s most treas ured cooking comes from people whoarrived here in shack les.