高考英语介词用法详解
一、单项选择介词
1．I am always delighted when receiving your invitation, ______ the party on June 9th after the national college entrance examination, I shall be pleased to attend.
A．On account of B．With regard to
C．In response to D．In view of
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查介词词组辨析。A. On account of由于，因为；B. With regard to关于，至于；C. In response to对------有反应；D. In view of鉴于，考虑到。句意：收到您的邀请我总是很高兴，关于6月9日高考后的晚会，我很乐意参加。结合句意可知答案为B。
2．Nick, it’s good for you to read some books China before you start your trip there. A．in B．for
C．of D．on
【答案】D
【解析】
on 表示关于，some books on China意为“关于中国的一些书”。句意为：Nick，你在去中国旅行之前最好读一些关于中国的书。故选D项。
3．（天津）Bob thought he couldn't go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went ___________.
A．at first B．after all
C．above all D．at random
【答案】B
【解析】考查介词短语辨析及语境理解。句意：鲍勃认为他不能去参加聚会，因为他不得不写一份报告，但他终究去了。A. at first起初；B. after all毕竟，终究。C. above all首先；
D. at random随便地。根据前面的转折连词可知，与前面情况相反，故选B。
点睛：本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析短语的能力。对于短语而言，没有捷径可言，只有老老实实的记忆。考生除了要充分利用特定语境理解词义，还需要重点关注他们用法上的区别。
4．（江苏）China’s soft power grows _______ the increasing appreciation and understanding of China globally.
A．in line with B．in reply to
C．in return for D．in honour of
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意：中国的软实力增长与日俱增与全球对
中国的赏识和理解相一致。A. in line with按照；与……一致；B. in reply to答复；C. in return for作为……的报答；D. in honour of为纪念，为庆祝。故选A。
点睛：本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析介词短语的能力。考生平时在学习中多积累之外还需要充分利用特定语境理解词义，还应注意多辨析意思相近的介词短语，重点关注它们用法上的区别。
5．You can change your job, you can move house, but friendship is meant to be life.
A．of B．on C．to D．for
【答案】D
【解析】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：句意：你可以换工作，可以搬家，但友谊是一辈子不变的。” 只有“for”表示动作的持续。“for life ”所以选 D
6．Soon after getting off his horse, the captain appeared at the second-floor windows, ______ he could see nothing but trees.
A．where B．from where
C．which D．from which
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：下马不久，上尉就出现在二楼的窗口了。他从那里除了树木什么也没看到。he could see nothing but trees.为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词at the second-floor windows，故用from where，相当于and from at the second-floor windows，而from where 比where具体形象，故选B。
【点睛】
From where 引导定语从句的用法。用于引导非限制性定语从句，在意义上相当于 and from there（从那儿）。如：
He hid himself in a tree, from where he could see the enemy in the distance. 他躲在一棵树上，从那儿他可以看到远处的敌人。
We went up to the roof, from where we had a good view of the procession. 我们爬上屋顶，从那儿可以很好地观看游行。
Soon after getting off his horse, the captain appeared at the second storey windows, from where he could see nothing but trees.下马不久,上尉就出现在二楼的窗口了.他从那里除了树木什么也没看到.(引导定语从句)
划线部分相当于…,and from at the windows…不可变为from which…,直接用where不如用from where更具体.
2、She climbed up to the top of the hill, from where she could have a good view of the whole town.她登上山顶,从那里她可以一览全城风光.（引导定语从句）
划线部分相当于…,and from on the top of the hill或from on the top of which…,不可变为from
which,也可直接用where引导,但语义较为含糊,不如用from where更加生动、形象、具体.
7．Friendship can never be a trade; ______, it needs the most thorough and unprofitable concept.
A．in addition B．by contrast C．in return D．by chance
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：友谊永远不能变成一个交易，相反，它需要最纯粹最无利益的理念。A. in addition除此之外；B. by contrast相反；C. in return作为回报；D. by chance偶
然地。前后两句表达的是相反的意思，by contrast“相反”符合语境。故B选项正确。
8．Lucia impressed her peer students with her musical talent, as well as several foreign languages ______.
A．on her own B．under her control C．in her charge D．at her command 【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查介词短语辨析。A. on her own靠她自己；B. under her control在她的控制下；C. in her charge由她负责；D. at her command听她的吩咐，掌握。句意：露西娅以其音乐天赋以及掌握的几种外语给同学们留下了深刻的印象。根据句意并结合所给选项可知，此处用at her command表示“掌握”，故选D。
9．Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes animals both on land and sea?
A．about B．to
C．with D．over
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查介词辨析。句意：你是否有听说过树是陆上动物和海上动物的家？home to sth 固定搭配，表示……家园。该句是一个疑问句，其中还含有一个定语从句。比如这个句子转化为陈述句应该是You have ever heard of the trees that are homes _______animals both on land and sea? 然后把定语从句单独拿出来看将会是trees are homes_____ animals both on land and sea. 根据固定搭配自然知道答案是to。故选B。
【点睛】
本题考查到了分析句子成分的能力。当遇到一个句子比较复杂的时候，比如含有从句或疑
问句时，要划分句子成分。对于疑问句，首先把它转化为陈述句，然后找出句子的主谓宾，把那一些修饰成分去掉，最后就可以知道该题考查的是be home to sth.
10．________ your generous help, I do believe I have a better understanding of your country and culture.
A．But for B．Out of
C．Thanks to D．As to
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于你慷慨的帮助，我相信我对你的国家和文化有了更好的理解。A. But for要不是；B. Out of由于，无感情色彩；C. Thanks to幸亏；由于；D. As to至于；关于。因为I do believe I have a better understanding of your country and culture表示"我相信我对你的国家和文化有了更好的理解"，所以前半句应该表示原因和感谢，所以用Thanks to表示"幸亏，由于"，故选C。
11．A grand banquet was held by Elizabeth II _____ President Xi’s current state visit to the UK. A．in terms of B．in honor of
C．in favor of D．in memory of
【答案】B
【解析】
考查介词短语。 A. in terms of就…而言；B. in honor of 向…表示敬意；为庆祝…C. in favor of 支持; D. in place of代替。句意：为欢迎习近平主席到英国的来访，伊丽莎白二世举行了盛大宴会。故选B。
12．Among customers there are different preferences __________ what is attractive．
A．in honor of B．in place of C．in need of D．in terms of
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：句意：在顾客中，就什么招人喜爱而言，他们有不同的喜好。in honor of为了向……表示敬意；in place of代替；in need of需要；in terms of就……而言，选D。
考点：考查词组辨析
13． a low monthly income，Ni Chao makes up his mind to make a charity donation of l0000 yuan every year．
A．In spite of B．In case of C．In terms of D．In possession of 【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：句意：尽管每月收入低，倪昭还是下决心要每年捐款l0000元。A. In spite of 尽
管；B. In case of万一；C. In terms of从……方面来说；D .In possession of拥有。故选A。
考点: 考查介词短语的用法。
14．--- Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.
--- With so much work ________ my mind, I’ll almost________.
A．filling; break up B．filled; break out C．filled; break off D．filling; break down 【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析: break up“驱散，放假”，break out“爆发”，break off“折断，中止”；break down“出故障，身体垮掉”。第一空是“with＋宾语＋宾补”结构，在此结构中宾语work和动词fill是主动关系，用现在分词，排除B、C选项，再根据语境可知答案选D。句意：“快点，请告诉我有关这项工程的一些意见。”“对不起，我满脑子都是工作，我快垮掉了。”
考点：考查非谓语动词和短语辨析。
15．“May I help you?”Said a bright American voice _____ the telephone.
A．in B．over C．from D．of
【答案】B
【解析】
分析句意，可知这是从电话的另外一端所讲的话。在英语的习惯中，要用介词over。根据句意，可知选B。句意：“我有什么能帮你的呢？”从电话的另外一端传过来一把响亮的美国口音。
16．People who want the typist’s job will be judged ______ how accurate and fast they are. A．in favor of B．in terms of C．in ways of D．in spite of
【答案】B
【解析】考查介词短语。A. in favor of 有利于，支持；B. in terms of 依据，按照；C. in ways of 以…方式；D. in spite of尽管，不管。句意：想要打字员工作的人，会根据他们的准确和快速来判断。表示依据，按照，故选B.
17．As the traditional Spring Festival is approaching, shop owners from all walks of life offer large discounts ______ high sales income from their customers.
A．in anticipation of B．in celebration of
C．in explanation of D．in possession of
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词词组辨析。A. in anticipation of期待，预期；B. in celebration of庆祝；C. in explanation of解释；D. in possession of拥有。句意：随着春节的临近，各行各业的店主都提供大折扣，期待来自他们客户的高销售收入。提供折扣的目的是期待有高的销售收入，故选A。
18．We didn't travel much during the holiday, ______because of the tight budget, but also because of the huge crowds.
A．in turn B．in part C．in vain D．in effect
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：我们假期没怎么旅行，一部分是因为紧张的预算，还因为是人太多。A. in turn依次，反过来；B. in part一部分；C. in vain徒劳；D. in effect实际上。根据but also because of the huge crowds.可知，“没钱”只是部分的原因。故选B。
19．Now, I d oubt if there’s anybody here who is indifferent between the choices, indifferent
_______the choice between these two lives.
A．in favor of B．in honor of
C．in place of D．in regard to
【答案】D
【解析】句意：现在我怀疑这里是否有人在这些选择之中是冷漠的，不关心关于这两种生命之间的选择。in favor of支持，赞同；in honor of向……致敬；in place of代替，取代；in regard to关于。D项符合语境。
20．The new product is beyond all praise and has quickly taken over the market ________ its superior quality.
A．in terms of B．on account of
C．on behalf of D．on top of
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查介词短语。句意：这款新产品很快获得了极高的赞扬，并且因其超级好的质量而迅速占领了市场。A. in terms of就……而言；B. on account of由于；C. on behalf of代表……；D. on top of在……顶端。商品能够迅速占领市场，是由于超级好的质量，所以前后是因果关系。故B选项正确。