Un it1. The UnSUng Heroes: What About Worki ng Dads?
On OUr first "date" after our twin daughters Were born, my husba nd and I Went to
See the movie Toy Story. We enjoyed it, but afterward my husba nd asked, "Where WaS
the dad?" At first, it Seemed Petty to CritiCiZe an entertaining family movie because of One small point. The more I thought about it, however, the more glaring an OmiSSiOn it seemed. Not Only WaS dad not around, he WaSn't even mentiOned - despite the fact that there WaS a baby in the family, so dad could n't have bee n that Ionggon e. It
WaS as if the PreSence- or absence - of a father is a minor detail, not even requiring an expla nati on.
ThiS is On Iy One example of the media trend toward margi nalizi ng fathers, WhiCh mirrors enormous social Changes in the United States. DaVid Blankenhorn, in his book FatherIeSS AmeriCa, refers to this trend as the "unn ecessary father" Con cept.
We are bombarded by StOrieS about the StrUggIeS of work ing mothers (as opposed to non-working mothers, I suppose). Meanwhile, a high proportiOn Of media StOrieS about fathers focus On abusive husba nds or deadbeat dads. It SeemS that the Only time fathers merit attentiOn is When they are CritiCiZed for not helping enoUgh With the housework (a claim that I find dubious any way, because the defi niti On Of "housework" rarely in CIUdeS clea ning the gutters, Cha nging the oil in the Car or other jobs typically done by men) OrWhen they die. WhenMr. Blankenhorn SUrVeyed fathers about the meaning of the term "good family man," many respOnded that it WaS a PhraSe they Only heard at fun erals.
One excepti On to the "unn ecessary father" Syn drome is the glowi ng media atte nti On that at-home dads have received. I do not mean to imply that at-home dads do not deserve SUPPOrt for making this COmmitme nt. I Onlymean to Point out the double Standard at work When at-home dads are applauded while at-home mothers and breadw inner fathers are give n little, if any, CUItUraI recog niti on.
The Very Ian guage We USe to discuss men's roles (i.e., deadbeat dads) shows a lack
of appreciation for the majority of men who quietly yet proudly fulfill their family responSibiIities. We almost never hear the term "working father," and it is rare that calls for more workplace flexibility are Con Sidered to be for men as much as
for women. OUr SOCiety acts as if family obligatiOnS are not as important to fathers as they are to mothers - as if Career SatiSfaCtion is What a man's life is all about.
EVen more insulting is the recent media trend of regarding at-home WiVeS as "status symbols" - like an expensive Car - flaunted by the SUPPOSedIy few men who Can afford SUCh a luxury. The implication is that men With at-home WiVeS have it easier than those whose WiVeS work OUtSide the home because they have the "luxury" of a full-time housekeeper. I n reality, however, the men who are the sole Wage earners for their families SUffer a lot of stresses. The loss of a job - or even the threat of that happe ning - is obviously much more difficult Whe n that job is the sole SOUrCe of in come for a family. By the Same toke n, sole Wage earners have less flexibility Whe n
it comes to Ieavi ng Un SatiSfy ing CareerS because of the loss of in come SUCh a job
Change entails. In addition, many husbands work OVertime or SeCOnd jobs to make more
n eeded money for their families. For these men ,it is the family that the job SUPPOrtS that makes it all worthwhile. It is the belief that havi ng a mother at home is importa nt to the ChiIdre n, WhiCh
makes so many men gladly take On the burde n Of being a sole Wage earner.
Today, there is WideSPread agreement among researchers that the absence of fathers from households CaUSeS SeriOUS problems for ChiIdren and, ConSeqUently, for SOCiety at large. Yet, rather than holding UP "ordinary" fathers as POSitiVe role models for the dads of tomorrow, too Often SOCiety has thrown UP its hands and decided that traditi Onal fatherhood is at best obsolete and at worst dan gerously react ion ary.
ThiS has left many men questi Oning the value of their role as fathers.
AS a society, We n eed to realize that fathers are just as importa nt to ChiIdre n as
mothers are - not Only for financial support, but for emotiOnal support, educatiOn and discipline as well. It is not enoUgh for US merely to recognize that fatherless ness is a problem - to Sta nd beside the grave and mourn the loss of the
"good family man" and the n try to find some One to replace him (ask anyone who has lost a father though death if that is possible). We must ack no WIedge how We have devalued fatherhood and work to show men how n ecessary, how importa nt they are in their ChiIdre n's lives.
Those fathers who StriVe to be good family men by being there every day to love and SUPPOrt their families - those UnSUng heroes - need our recognitiOnand our thanks for all they do. BeCaUSe they deserve it.
Unit2. Why Digital CUItUre IS Good for You?
The n ews media, along With social and behavioral SCie ntists, have rece ntly Sent out a multitude of WarningS about the many dan gers that await US out there in CyberSpace. The truth of the matter is that the Web is no more in here ntly dan gerous than anything else in the world. It is not some amorphous entity CaPabIe of inflicting harmful outcomes on all who enter. In fact, in and of itself, the Web is fairly harmless. It has no SPeCiaI power to OVertake its USerS and alter their Very existence. Like the old tale that the VamPire Cannot harm you Unless you inVite it to cross your threshold, the InternetCannot COrrUPt WithOUt being in vited. And, With the excepti On Of ChiIdre n and the weak-willed, it Cannot Create What does not already exist...
(1) Like alcohol, the Web SimPIy magni fies What is already there: EXPertS are
ConCerned that the mask ing that goes On On Ii ne poses a dan ger for every One who is a Part of the DigitaI Culture. BefOre We know it, the experts tell us, We will all USe fake ide ntities, become fragme nted, and will no Ion ger be SUre of just who We are. Wrong. The OnIy people who feel compelled to mask, and OtherWiSe misrepresent themselves On Ii ne are the Same people who are mysterious and Unfrankin "real life"...the Net just gives them One more tool to PraCtiCe their deceit. AS for the rest of us, gett ing take n in by these people is a low PrObabiIity. We know who these folks are in the "real world". The Internet does not "cause" people to disguise as SOmeth ing they are not. AS for the DigitaI CUItUre getti ng Cheated by these dish On est folks, well, there are just as many "cues" On Ii ne to decipher deceptiOn as there are in the "real world". The COmPetent WebHeadCan recognize many red flags give n Off by the On Ii ne behavior of others. Often times the inten ti OnS of
fellow USerS is CryStaI clear, especially over time.
WhensomeOne is trying to deceive US OnIine, inconSiStencies, the essence that they
are trying "too hard" or are just plain Unbelievable, often come through loud and clear. Likewise, just like in the "real world", a host of other Unacceptable tendenCieS Can be readily recogniZed OnIine.
NarCiSSiSm (it's all about "meeeee"),
those people who have nothing but negativity or UnPIeaSant things to Say about others,
and those who feel compelled to Un derm ine OtherS and who think they must blow out the other guys' Can dles in Order for their OWn to ShineCan be SPOtted a CybermiIe away.
(2) The WebCan bring out the best in people: Gregarious, frank folks in "real life" usually Carry these Same traits over to their OnIine life. Most are just as fun-IoVing On Ii ne if not more so, as they are at a party, at work, or at the local bar. ThOUgh
admittedly, some are not quite as much fun to be around WithOUt a Stiff drink.
Shy folks have a "safer" environment onIine than in the "real world" and Can Iearn to express themselves more freely On the Net (you've n ever See n anyone StUtter On
e-mail, have you?) allowing them to gain Confidence and CommuniCatiOn skills that
Can eventually spill over into other aspects of their lives. HeIPfUI people in "real life" are ofte n just as
willi ng to come to some On e's assista nce On Ii ne as any Where
else.
(3) People are judged differe ntly On the Web: On the Internet people are judged by their PerS On ality, beliefs and On Ii ne acti ons, NOT by their PhySiCaI appeara nce.
ThiS is good. It not only gives ugly folks an aid, but CaUSeS BeaUtifUI People to have to Say SOmething worth Iistening to in order to get attention.
(4) People open UP more: Many people are opening UP a whole lot more these days SinCe they are not required to USe their real name and PrOVide their real identity in the Intern et.
(5) We're Conn ected: MemberS of the DigitaI CUItUre know full well that there is a WeaIth of importa nt in formati On and Iife-Cha nging opport Un ities out there in
CyberSpace. The WebhaS opened doors for many Of US that OtherWiSe would never have bee n an OPti on. ReSearCh POSSibiIitieS and n etwork ing are just two SUCh opport Un ities.
?(6) We Lear n the Power of Words and to be Better LiSte ners: With no facial expressi ons, body Ian guage, or PhySiCaI appeara nce to distract us, members of the DigitaI CUItUre have Iear ned the power of words ... both their own, and others'.
We know Very well how a SimPIe Stri ng of words Can harm, hurt and offend, or how
they Can Offer humor, help, SUPPOrt and enCOUragement. Most experieneed members of the OnIine CUItUre have Iearned to become wordsmiths, CarefUIly Crafting the words they USe to ConVey exactly What they mean so as not to be misun derstood.
Many Of US have also Iearned to become far better Iisteners thanks to the Internet. Not Only do We choose our words more CarefUIly but We (especially those who com muni Cate Via email as opposed to Chat rooms) are forced to Wait Un til the other
PerS Onfini SheS before We Can SPeak or resp ond.
Unit3. Big MythS About CoPyright
"If it does n't have a COPyright no tice, it's not COPyrighted." ThiS WaS true in the
past, but today almost all major natiOnS follow the Berne COPyright ConVention. For example, in the USA, almost everything Created PriVateIy and originally after April
1, 1989 is COPyrighted and PrOteCted Whether it has a notice or not. The default you should assume for other people's works is that they are COPyrighted and may not be COPied Unl ess you know otherwise. There are some old works that lost PrOteCt ion
WithOUt notice, but frankly you should not risk it Unless you know for sure.
2) "If I don't Charge for it, it's not a violation." False. Whether you Charge Can
affect the damages awarded in court, but that's the main differe nce Un der the law. It's still a violatiOn if you give it away - and there Can still be SeriOUS damages if you hurt the COmmerCiaI value of the property. There is an exceptiOn for PerSOnal copy ing of music, WhiCh is not a violati on, though COUrtS Seem to have Said that does n't in clude Wide-SCaIe anonym OUS PerS Onal copy ing as Napster. If the work has no COmmerCiaI value, the violation is mostly technical and is Unlikely to result in legal actio n.
3) "If it's POSted to USenet it's in the PUbIiC doma in." False. Noth ing moder n is
in the PUbIiC domain anymore Unless the OWner explicitly PUtS it in the PUbIiC domain. Explicitly, as you have a nOte from the author/owner Saying, "I grant this to the PUbIiC doma in."
4) "My posting WaS just fair use!" The "fair use" exemptiOn to (U.S.) COPyright law WaS Created to allow things SUCh as comme ntary, parody, n ews report ing, research
and education about COPyrighted works WithOUt the PermiSSiOn Of the author. That's importa nt so that COPyright law does n't block your freedom to express your OWn works. Intent and damage to the COmmerCiaI value of the work are important ConSiderations.
Are you reproducing an article from the NeW York TimeS because you could n't find time to Write your own story, or did n't Want your readers to have to Pay for the NeWYOrk TimeS Web site? They aren't "fair use". Fair USe is usually a short excerpt.
5) "If you don't defe nd your CoPyright you IoSe it." - "Somebody has that n ame
copyrighted!" False. COPyright is effectively n ever lost these days, Unl ess
Unit 1 Part Ⅱ Reading Task Vocabulary Ⅰ1. 1)respectable 2)agony 3)put down 4)sequence 5)hold back 6)distribute 7)off and on 8)vivid 9)associate 10)finally 11)turn in 12)tackle 2. 1)has been assigned to the newspaper’s Paris office. 2)was so extraordinary that I didn’t know whether to believe him or not. 3)a clear image of how she would look in twenty years’time. 4)gave the command the soldiers opened fire. 5)buying bikes we’ll keep turning them out. 3. 1)reputation; rigid; to inspire 2)and tedious; What’s more; out of date ideas 3)compose; career; avoid showing; hardly hold back Ⅱviolating Ⅲ;in upon Comprehensive Exercises ⅠCloze back; tedious; scanned; recall; vivid; off and on; turn out/in; career ; surprise; pulled; blowing; dressed; scene; extraordinary; image; turn; excitement ⅡTranslation As it was a formal dinner party, I wore formal dress, as Mother told me to. 2)His girlfriend advised him to get out of /get rid of his bad habits of smoking before it took hold. 3)Anticipating that the demand for electricity will be high during the next few months, they have decided to increase its production. 4)It is said that Bill has been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules. /Bill is said to have been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules. 5)It is reported that the government has taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage. /The local government is reported to have taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage. 2.Susan lost her legs because of/in a car accident. For a time, she didn’t know how to face up to the fact she would never (be able to) walk again. One day, while scanning (through) some magazines, a true story caught her eye/she was attracted by a true story. It gave a vivid description of how a disabled girl became a writer. Greatly inspired, Susan began to feel that she, too, would finally be able to lead a useful life. Unit 2 Part ⅡReading Task Vocabulary Ⅰ1. 1)absolutely 2)available 3)every now and then 4)are urging/urged 5)destination 6)mostly 7)hangs out 8)right away 9)reunion 10)or something 11)estimate 12)going ahead 2. 1)in the examination was still on his mind. 2)was completely choked up by the sight of his team losing in the final minutes of the game. 3)was so lost in study that she forgot to have dinner. 4)has come up and I am afraid I won’t be able to accomplish the project on time. 5)of equipping the new hospital was estimated at﹩2 million. 3. 1)were postponed; the awful; is estimated 2)reference; not available; am kind of 3)not much of a teacher; skips; go ahead Ⅱ;on Ⅲor less of/sort of 4. kind of/sort of 5. more or less 6. or something Comprehensive Exercises ⅠCloze up; awful; practically; neighborhood; correspondence; available; destination; reunion; Mostly; postponing; absolutely ; savings; embarrassment; phone; interrupted; touch; envelope; signed; message; needed ⅡHalf an hour had gone by, but the last bus hadn’t come yet. We had to walk home. 2)Mary looks as if she is very worried about the Chinese exam because she hasn’t learned the texts by
3.Many products for sale seem to scream at us, "Buy me! Buy me!" Advertising is a big busin ess in our world with many products competing for our attention. Think of the last time you boug ht clothes. You probably noticed the variety of colors, patterns, fabrics and brands you could choo se from. Which kind of soft drink would you like to have today or what kind of computer do you want? Advertisers are skilled in the art of making their products look the best to appeal to our se nses. But products aren't always what they seem. Sometimes advertising is deceptive and as cons umers ,we must be careful about what we choose to buy. It is important to learn to compare prod ucts and identify our purpose in purchasing the things we need. But the good thing about advertising is that it helps people to make decisions and refine thei r choices. In the United States, the Ad Council creates timely public service messages to the nation. Th eir purpose is to raise awareness of public problems that citizens can respond to. Inspiring ads ca use individuals to take action and even save lives. Pollution in America, for example has been red uced over the years because of the creative Public Service advertisements that the council provid es" Please, please don't be a litter bug, 'cause every 'litter bit' hurts." Many families have taught t heir children to place litter in the trash can in response to this catchy phrase, which has affected g enerations as each succeeding generation has taught their children not to litter. 4.Nature imposes difficult conditions upon the earth from time to time . The tornado and fo rest fire destroy natural resources ,homes and other structures ,and very often harm or kill peopl e . Technological tragedies happen with little or no warning as we see trains crash and airplanes f all from the sky shortly after take-off. As tragic as calamities are , they seem to bring out the best in human nature . people trained in em ergency care arrive at the scene and begin assisting the inj ured .Others come with equipment to remove debris. Men , women ,and young people willingly c ome to the scene of an accident , hoping to be of help in some way . These selfless acts of kindne ss make our world a better place . compassion eases the wounds of calamities. American Airlines flight number 587 crashed less than three minutes after taking off from JF K Airport in New York in November,2001. Witnesses s aw an engine fire develop on the plane’s nu mber one engine located under the left wing of the aircraft .seconds later ,the airliner crashed int o eight homes ,completely destroying four of them .All 260 people aboard the airplane were kille d along with six people at the crash site ,leaving many people to mourn the loss of their loved on es .the residents (people who live in the area of the crash ) rallied together to comfort those griev ing, while others removed bodies from the wreckage and did the necessary clean-up. 工程实施困难的条件下在地上的时候。龙卷风和森林火灾破坏自然资源,房屋和其他建筑物,和经常伤害或杀死人。技术的悲剧发生在很少或没有预警,因为我们看到火车事故,飞机起飞后不久就从天空坠落。一样悲惨的灾难,他们似乎显示出人性中最好的。在急诊受训的人到达现场并开始帮助受伤的人则跟设备清除残骸。男人,女人,和年轻人自愿来到事故现场,希望能有帮助。这些无私的善举让我们的世界变得更美好。同情减轻灾害的伤口。 美国航空公司587号航班坠毁不到三分钟后从纽约肯尼迪机场起飞,11月2001。目击者看到一个引擎火灾发展在飞机上的1号引擎位于下飞机的左翼,接着后,客机坠毁八家,完全摧毁了四个260名乘客的飞机遇难连同6人在事故现场,造成许多人悼念失去的亲人,居民(住在崩溃的面积)聚集在一起,安慰那些悲伤,而另一些人则从残骸,并把尸体移走必要的清理。 5.Success can be reached in different ways by people in different careers. Bill Gates began at age to program computers,His vision for personal computing has been central to the success of M icrosoft Corporation, the company he founded with his childhood friend in 1975 . The former CEO of General Electric, Jack Welch, is a business legend. A famous quote by Mr. Welch is,” Chang before you have to. ”He believes in leading by example and encourages his empl oyees to do their best every day. Michael Jordan s aid,”I accept failure, but I can’t accept not trying.” He is one of the best athl etes to ever play team sports. His great smile, athletic achievements, and pleasant personality ha ve made him one of the most famous athletes in the world. Michael Jordan spent a lot of time pla ying basketball as a child but in senior middle school he was taken off the team . Instead of giving up , he worked through adversity and became the greatest basketball player yet .
One way of summarizing the American position is to state that we value originality and independence more than the Chinese do. The contrast between our two cultures can also be seen in terms of the fears we both harbor. Chinese teachers are fearful that if skills are not acquired early, they may never be acquired; there is, on the other hand, no comparable hurry to promote creativity. American educators fear that unless creativity has been acquired early, it may never emerge; on the other hand, skills can be picked up later. However, I do not want to overstate my case. There is enormous creativity to be found in Chinese scientific, technological and artistic innovations past and present. And there is a danger of exaggerating creative breakthroughs in the West. When any innovation is examined closely, its reliance on previous achievements is all too apparent (the "standing on the shoulders of giants" phenomenon). But assuming that the contrast I have developed is valid, and that the fostering of skills and creativity are both worthwhile goals, the important question becomes this: Can we gather, from the Chinese and American extremes, a superior way to approach education, perhaps striking a better balance between the poles of creativity and basic skills?
一、Passage A Translation 无名英雄：职业父亲意味着什么？ 在我们的孪生女儿出生后的第一次“约会”时，我和丈夫一起去看了一部名为《玩具总动员》的电影。我们很喜欢这部片子，但随后我丈夫问道：“父亲在哪儿呢？”起初我还认为因为一个小小的失误而批评一部很吸引人的家庭影片似乎是太偏狭了。可后来越想越觉得这一疏忽太严重了。父亲不仅没有出现，他甚至没有被提到——尽管家中有婴儿，说明父亲不可能离开太长时间。影片给人的感觉是，父亲出现与否似乎是个极次要的细节，甚至不需要做任何解释。 新闻媒体倾向于把父亲边缘化，这只是一个例子，它反映了在美国发生的巨大的社会变化。大卫·布兰肯霍恩在《无父之国》一书中将这种倾向称之为“无需父亲”观念。 职业母亲（我想这应是与无职业母亲相对而言的）奋斗的故事从媒体上无尽无休地轰击着我们。与此同时，媒体上绝大多数与父亲有关的故事又集中表现暴力的丈夫或没出息的父亲形象。看起来似乎父亲唯一值得人们提及的是因为他们做家务太少而受到指责的时候（我怀疑这一说法的可靠性，因为“家务”的定义中很少包括打扫屋顶的雨水沟，给汽车换机油或其他一些典型的由男人们做的事），或者是在他们去世的时候。当布兰肯霍恩先生就“顾家的好男人”一词的词义对父亲们进行调查时，许多父亲都回答，这一词语只有在葬礼上听到过。 这种“无需父亲”综合征的一个例外是家庭全职父亲所受到的媒体的赞扬。我并非暗指这些家庭全职父亲作出的承诺不值得人们的支持，我只是想指出正在实际生效的双重标准：家庭全职父亲受到人们的赞扬，而家庭全职母亲和养家糊口的父亲，所得到文化上的认同却很少，甚至完全得不到。 我们用来讨论父亲的角色（即没出息的父亲）的话语本身就显示出人们对大多数男人默默无闻而自豪地履行对家庭的责任缺乏赏识。我们几乎从来没听到“职业父亲”这一说法，在人们呼吁应该给予工作者在工作地点上更大的灵活性时，很少有人认为这种呼吁不但适用于女性，同样也适应于男性。我们这个社会表现出的是，似乎家庭职责对父亲来说并不像对母亲那么重要——似乎事业上的满足就是男人生活的全部。 更让人感到侮辱的是最近媒体的这种倾向，即把家庭主妇看成是一种“地位的象征”——就像一辆名贵的汽车，据说只有少数男人才享受得起这种奢侈与豪华。这暗示家里有家庭主妇的男人比那些妻子在外工作的男人日子过得更舒适，因为他们拥有全职管家这种“奢侈品”。然而，实际上作为家庭唯一挣钱者的男人要承受很多压力。当他们的那份工作是家庭收入的唯一来源的时候，失业，或者甚至只不过是受到失业的威胁，对他们而言也构成了巨大的困难。同样，家庭唯一的工资收入者在想辞去不太满意的工作时，其灵活程度也要小一些，因为这种工作变换会使他们失去收入。此外，为了给家庭挣更多的钱，许多丈夫超时工作或兼做第二职业。对于这些男人来说，正是这份工作所支撑的家庭，使他们觉得值得付出。
Key to Exercises Opener Mary is thinking of getting a tattoo tomorrow afternoon. She asks Mel to join her, but Mel cannot because she has to work tomorrow. And then Mary invites Mel to go to a party tomorrow night. Mel hesitates at first, but finally decides to go with Mary. They will meet at eight o’clock. Abbreviation Meaning 1. TGIF Thank God it’s Friday 2. AMA Ask me anything 3. OMG Oh my God! 4. YOLO You only live once 5. FOMO Fear of missing out 6. FYI For your information 7. LOL Laugh out loud 8. TBH To be honest 9. PPL People 10. ETA Estimated time of arrival Transcript: A: Hey, Mary. B: Hey, Mel. A: TGIF.
B: TGIF. A: Mel, I need some advice on something. B: AMA A: Yeah, thanks. I’m thinking of getting a tattoo. B: OMG! Really Are you serious A: Well, YOLO. B: That’s true. A: Well. B: When are you going to do it A: I’m thinking tomorrow afternoon. Do you want to come B: Oh, I’d love to come, but I’ve got to work tomorrow. Oh, major FOMO. A: What a shame! B: Yeah, A: Well, FYI, there’s a party tomorrow night. And if you are not busy, you can come to that instead. B: I’m not busy, but TBH I really need to take it easy this weekend. A: What That’s so not like you. B: LOL, that’s true. A: Party is in Hackney Wick. It’s gonna be good, good music, good PPL. B: Oh, major FOMO again. Oh, what the hell Yes, why not I’ll go.
BOOK2课文译文 UNIT1 TextA 中国式的学习风格 1987年春，我和妻子埃伦带着我们18个月的儿子本杰明在繁忙的中国东部城市南京住了一个月，同时考察中国幼儿园和小学的艺术教育情况。然而，我和埃伦获得的有关中美教育观念差异的最难忘的体验并非来自课堂，而是来自我们在南京期间寓居的金陵饭店堂。 我们的房门钥匙系在一块标有房间号的大塑料板上。酒店鼓励客人外出时留下钥匙，可以交给服务员，也可以从一个槽口塞入钥匙箱。由于口子狭小，你得留神将钥匙放准位置才塞得进去。 本杰明爱拿着钥匙走来走去，边走边用力摇晃着。他还喜欢试着把钥匙往槽口里塞。由于他还年幼，不太明白得把钥匙放准位置才成，因此总塞不进去。本杰明一点也不在意。他从钥匙声响中得到的乐趣大概跟他偶尔把钥匙成功地塞进槽口而获得的乐趣一样多。 我和埃伦都满不在乎，任由本杰明拿着钥匙在钥匙箱槽口鼓捣。他的探索行为似乎并无任何害处。但我很快就观察到一个有趣的现象。饭店里任何一个中国工作人员若在近旁，都会走过来看着本杰明，见他初试失败，便都会试图帮忙。他们会轻轻握牢本杰明的手，直接将它引向钥匙槽口，进行必要的重新定位，并帮他把钥匙插入槽口。然后那位“老师”会有所期待地对着我和埃伦微笑，似乎等着我们说声谢谢——偶尔他会微微皱眉，似乎觉得我俩没有尽到当父母的责任。 我很快意识到，这件小事与我们在中国要做的工作直接相关：考察儿童早期教育（尤其是艺术教育）的方式，揭示中国人对创造性活动的态度。因此，不久我就在与中国教育工作者讨论时谈起了钥匙槽口一事。 两种不同的学习方式
我的中国同行，除了少数几个人外，对此事的态度与金陵饭店工作人员一样。既然大人知道怎么把钥匙塞进槽口——这是走近槽口的最终目的，既然孩子还很年幼，还没有灵巧到可以独自完成要做的动作，让他自己瞎折腾会有什么好处呢？他很有可能会灰心丧气发脾气——这当然不是所希望的结果。为什么不教他怎么做呢？他会高兴，他还能早些学会做这件事，进而去学做更复杂的事，如开门，或索要钥匙——这两件事到时候同样可以（也应该）示范给他看。 我俩颇为同情地听着这一番道理，解释道，首先，我们并不在意本杰明能不能把钥匙塞进钥匙的槽口。他玩得开心，而且在探索，这两点才是我们真正看重的。但关键在于，在这个过程中，我们试图让本杰明懂得，一个人是能够很好地自行解决问题的。这种自力更生的精神是美国中产阶级最重要的一条育儿观。如果我们向孩子演示该如何做某件事——把钥匙塞进钥匙槽口也好，画只鸡或是弥补某种错误行为也好——那他就不太可能自行想方设法去完成这件事。从更广泛的意义上说，他就不太可能——如美国人那样——将人生视为一系列 的情境，在这些情境中，一个人必须学会独立思考，学会独立解决问题，进而学会发现需要创造性地加以解决的新问题。 把着手教 回想起来，当时我就清楚地意识到，这件事正是体现了问题的关键之所在——而且不仅仅是一种意义上的关键之所在。这件事表明了我们两国在教育和艺术实践上的重要差异。 那些善意的中国旁观者前来帮助本杰明时，他们不是简单地像我可能会做的那样笨拙地或是犹犹豫豫地把他的手往下推。相反，他们极其熟练地、轻轻地把他引向所要到达的确切方向。 我逐渐认识到，这些中国人不是简单地以一种陈旧的方式塑造、引导本杰明的行为：他们是在恪守中国传统，把着手教，教得本杰明自己会愉快地要求再来一次。
Unit 1 Living in Harmony Enhance Your Language Awareness 1. Text A amaze bunch bundle capacity commerce conquer display drop roast rob style symbol vague figure Text B appreciate participate shift slip 1)My neighbours are a friendly bunch of people. 2)Dave amazed his friends by leaving a well-paid job to travel around the world. 3)The employees in this company work an eight-hour shift . 4)The professor came to the classroom with a bundle of newspapers under his arm. 5)A passenger asked the driver: “Could you drop me off near the post office? I'd like to post a letter.” 6)The little girl's capacity for learning languages astonished me. 7)How many countries will be participating in the Olympic Games? 8)I like the typically French style of living. It is so romantic. 9)They have made their fortunes from industry and commerce . 10)They threatened to shoot him and rob him of all his possessions.
Globalization is sweeping aside national borders and changing relations between nations. What impact does this have on national identities and loyalties? Are they strengthened or weakened? The author investigates. 全球化正在扫除国界、改变国与国之间的关系。这对国家的认同和对国家的忠诚会带来什么影响呢？它们会得到加强还是削弱？作者对这些问题进行了探讨。 In Search of Davos ManPeter Gumbel 1. William Browder was born in Princeton, New Jersey, grew up in Chicago, and studied at Stanford University in California. But don't call him an American. For the past 16 of his 40 years he has lived outside the ., first in London and then, from 1996, in Moscow, where he runs his own investment firm. Browder now manages $ billion in assets. In 1998 he gave up his American passport to become a British citizen, since his life is now centered in Europe. "National identity makes no difference for me," he says. "I feel completely international. If you have four good friends and you like what you are doing, it doesn't matter where you are. That's globalization." 寻找达沃斯人 彼得·甘贝尔 威廉·布劳德出生于新泽西州的普林斯顿，在芝加哥长大，就读于加利福尼亚州的斯坦福大学。但别叫他美国人。他今年40岁，过去16年来一直生活在美国以外的地方，先是在伦敦，1996年后在莫斯科经营他自己的投资公司。布劳德如今掌管着价值16亿美元的资产。1998年，他放弃美国护照，成为英国公民，因为他现在的生活中心在欧洲。“国家认同对我来说不重要，”他说，“我觉得自己完全是个国际人。如果你有四个朋友，又喜欢你所做的事情，那么你在哪儿无关紧要。这就是全球化。” 2. Alex Mandl is also a fervent believer in globalization, but he views himself very differently. A former president of AT&T, Mandl, 61, was born in Austria and now runs a French technology company, which is doing more and more business in China. He reckons he spends about 90% of his time traveling on business. But despite all that globetrotting, Mandl who has been a . citizen for 45 years still identifies himself as an American. "I see myself as American without any hesitation. The fact that I spend a lot of time in other places doesn't change that," he says. 亚历克斯·曼德尔也是全球化的狂热信徒，但他对自己的看法与布劳德不同。61岁的曼德尔曾任美国电报电话公司总裁。他出生于奥地利，现在经营着一家法国技术公司，该公司在中国的业务与日俱增。他估计自己几乎90%的时间都花在出差上。然而，尽管曼德尔全球到处跑，已经做了45年美国公民的他还是认为自己是个美国人。“我毫不迟疑地把自己当作美国人。我在其他地方度过很多时间，但是这一事实不能改变我是美国人，”他说。 3. Although Browder and Mandl define their nationality differently, both see their identity as a matter of personal choice, not an accident of birth. And not incidentally, both are Davos Men, members of the international business élite who trek each year to the Swiss Alpine town for the annual meeting of the World Economic Forum, founded in 1971. This week, Browder and Mandl will join more than 2,200 executives, politicians, academics, journalists, writers and a handful of Hollywood stars for five days of networking, parties and endless earnest discussions about everything from post-election Iraq and HIV in Africa to the global supply of oil and the implications of nanotechnology. Yet this year, perhaps more than ever, a hot topic at Davos is Davos itself. Whatever their considerable differences, most Davos Men and
Teaching Planning College English Integrated Course Book Three Unit Two The Freedom Givers Zhong wen 1.Background Information Teacher: zhong wen Students: 56 sophomores Content of the textbook: unit-2 text A the Freedom Givers Textbook: foreign language teaching and research press Time duration：10 minutes 2.Textbook Analysis The author tells three stories about the Underground Railroad and early Black civil rights movement. The three stories are chosen because they are representative of all participants in this movement: John Parke r is a freed slave who later turned into a courageous “conductor”; Levi Coffin is a brave white “conductor”; Josiah Henson is a slave who struggled his way to freedom with the help of the Underground Railroad. We learn about the name of Josiah Henson at the beginning of the text, yet his full story is not told until the last part. In this way the author achieves coherence of text. 3.Students Analysis The class is made up of 56 students, with 30 girls and 26 boys ,who have a good knowledge of Basic English, but know very little about the American culture behind the language. So in this introduction part, It is necessary to introduce some background information to the students before reading 4.Teaching Objectives Students will be able to: 1.understand the main idea(early civil-rights struggles in the US, esp. the underground Railroad) 2.grasp the key language points and grammatical structures in the text, 3.conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking and writing activities related to the theme of the unit 4.Appreciate the various techniques employed by the writer (comparison and contrast, topic sentence followed by detail sentences, use of transitional devices,etc.); 5.Teaching Procedures: Greetings Step 1 Lead-in T: Today we are going to talk about the ethic heroes in American history, before the class, I’d like to introduce the slavery to all of you. T: Abraham Lincoln was the 16th president of the United States, during his term of office; he led the civil war and abolished the slavery. T: In the battle against slavery, not only did the president try his best to abolish this system, but also the people, especially the black people living in the South America try hard to fight for their own feat. Today, we will introduce some freedom givers in the American history. Before