新编大学英语教案（4）
Unit 7 college life
Aims of Teaching
Master the words describing college life
Introducing methods of making one’s college life colorful
Aspect should be paid attention to in college life
Key Points
Leading students to pay attention to their effective and efficient college life
Learning to employ the following key words and phrases into practice.
college life
Master the important grammar (掌握本课重要语法――虚拟语气)
Methods of Teaching
Using multi-media teaching equipment
Group-Discussion－discuss college life.
Living performance－invite some student to talk about their troubles and unsatisfied aspects with college life.
Analyze the text.
Unit 7 College Life
Part one:preparation
Classroom Teaching/learning Designing
Read the names of colleges and majors listed below and talk about your high school classmates and your college life
The students are given ten minutes to read the names of colleges and majors listed below, and talk in pairabout their high school classmates and the college life. Some volunteers are to talk to the whole class.
Sample answers
Talking about your college life.
A.Campus
Expectations---large and beautiful campus with green grass everywhere and a large sports ground where you can always see students busy and full of vitality(活力，生气.)
Reality---large campus but only with a little grass
B.Classroom buildings
Expectations---large new classroom with modern facilities
Reality---old with no modern facilities
C.Dormitories
Expectations---crowded with little space for everyone
Reality---true.
D.Students’ dining hall
Expectations---spacious dining halls, full of hungry students
Reality---true except that there many teacher diners as well.
E.Library
Expectations---large collections of books, journals and periodicals; spacious and well-lit reading room
Reality---true except that the reading rooms are not large enough and students have to get there early in order to find a seat.
F.Classmates
1) Expectations---friendly and speaking different dialects.
2) Reality---true
G.Teachers
Expectations---old, gray-haired and wearing thick glasses; strict and formally dressed
Reality---not true, because many teachers are very young, especially English teachers; many teacher do not wear glasses and many teachers wear casual clothes.
Language Points
A. In-Class Reading:
Essay I The Commencement Speech You’ll Never Hear
Essay II College: An All-Forgiving World?
Essay I
1. suppose (L.3) v.
1) to assume; to consider to be probable 假定；猜想，料想
a.Suppose A equals B.
b.I suppose him to be not yet 20.
c.The situation was even worse than was suppose
d.
2) to believe; have as an opinion 认为
a. She was supposed (to be) extremely rich.
3) to have a duty or responsibility to do something; to be intended to [常用于被动语态]期
望；认为应该，认为……必要
a.We are supposed to be there at 6.
b.You are not supposed to kick people.
conj. what would / will happen if 假使; 假使…结果会怎样
a. Suppose he is absent, what shall we do?
b. Suppose my mother were to see us in this place!
supposedly adv. as is believed, perhaps wrongly; as it appears根据推测，据称，大概
a. Economic recovery is supposedly getting under way.
supposing conj. what would / will happen if如果，假如
a. Supposing he is not at home, what then?
b. Supposing something should go wrong, what would you do then?
2. demand (L. 12) v. to ask for firmly and not be willing to accept a refusal; claim as if by right要
求，请求
a. They demanded that their voice (should) be heard.
b. This sort of work demands great patience.
c. I demand to know what it is.
n. claim 要求
a. This work makes many demands on my time.
demanding adj. needing a lot of attention and effort要求高的；需要技能的；苛求的
a.An operation on the brain is the most demanding work for me as a surgeon.
b.He is very demanding with his friends.
3. quote (L. 27) v. to repeat in speech or writing the words of (a person, a book, etc.) 引用；
引述
a.Is Shakespeare the author most frequently quoted from?
b.He quotes (from) the Bible to support his ideas.
c.She is quoted as saying she disagrees with the proposal.
quotation n. a sentence or phrase taken from a work of literature on other pieces of writing and repeated esp. in order to prove a point or support an argument
引文；引语；引用；论证
a. He illustrated his point with a quotation from Shakespeare.
4. deserve (L. 29) v. to be worthy of 应受，应得，值得
a.The question deserves consideration.
b.He certainly deserves to be sent to prison.
c.He deserves well of his country. 他有功于国家。
deserving adj. worthy of support or help 值得的，该得的
a.He is deserving of great credit.
b.These problems are deserving of public attention.
5. deprive (L. 32) v.
1) to take away from 夺去，剥夺，使丧失
a.He was deprived of his sight by the accident.
b.Lung cancer deprived him of his life.
2) to prevent from using or having 使不能享受，使不能做
a. His troubles deprived him of sleep.
Essay II
6. make it (L. 8) 1) to succeed 达到预定目标；办成；做到；成功
a.The charts showed we had made it, and big. 图表显示我们成功了，大大地成功了。
b.He wants to make it as a writer.
2) to arrive in time 及时抵达，赶上
a. There’s some time before the train leaves. I think we shall make it if we hurry.
3) to get better （病痛）好转，得救
a. The doctor knew that the patient was unlikely to make it.
4) to get on well with; to be popular with相处得很好，受欢迎，被接受
a. She finally made it with the crowd in Hollywood.
7. tolerant (L. 15) adj. showing or practicing tolerance 容忍的，宽恕的
a. He is not very tolerant of criticism.
tolerate v. to allow (sth. one does not agree with ) to be practiced or done freely without opposition; permit 忍受，容忍
a. We will not tolerate any invasion of our motherland.
tolerance / toleration n. 忍受，容忍
8. presentation (L. 8) n.
1) the way in which sth. is said, offered, shown, explained, etc. to others
显示，呈现；表现，描述; 表象，外观
a. Women buy this soap because of the prettiness of its presentation.
2) a talk, usu. to a group of people, in which information is given引见，
介绍；陈述；上演
a.The sales director will give a short presentation on the new sales campaign.
b.Each student is required to make an oral presentation.
present v. 1) to give (sth.) away, esp. at a ceremonial occasion赠送；授予；呈献；提出，提
供
a. When Mr. Brown left the firm, the director presented a gold watch to him.
b. Samples are presented free. 免费提供样品。
2) to be when looked at; show显示，呈现；表现
a. The author presented his hero as a dynamic person.
b. Teachers were presenting us with an accurate picture of history.
present adj. 1) in this / that place; here / there 出席的，在场的；存在的
a. How many people were present at the meeting?
b. Carbon is present in many minerals.
2) existing or being considered now 现在的，目前
a. What’s your present address?
b. It’s usually best to wait, but in the present case I’d advise you to act without delay.
present n. 1) a gift 礼物
a. He received a lot of Christmas presents from his friends.
2) 现在，目前
a. He is at present in Beijing.
B: After-Class Reading
Passage I: Those College Finals
1. odds (L. 13) n.
1) the probability that sth. will or will not happen 机会，可能性
a.She may pass but the odds are that she will fail.
b.The odds were 10-1 in favor of him going.
2) against ( all the ) odds: very unexpectedly 尽管有极大的困难
a. Against ( all the ) odds, I finished my work well fore the time that I wanted to live.
3) at odds: in disagreement with 不和，意见不一致
a.On many issues John and Mary found themselves seriously at odds.
b.He was personally at odds with the new policy.
2. leisurely (L. 23) adj. moving, acting, or done without hurrying从容的，不慌不忙的，慢慢
的
a.He is making a leisurely inspection of the spot.
b.I had a leisurely glass of beer. (= I drank it without hurrying.)
adv. in a leisurely way 从容地，不慌不忙地，慢慢地
a. We walked leisurely, looking in all the windows.
leisure n. free time 空闲时间，闲暇
a.Reading is a pleasant way to spend one’s leisure. 读书是打发闲暇的悦人消遣。
b.Please come and visit us at your leisure. 有空请来我们这里作客。
c.Don’t hurry with what you are doing. I can wait your leisure.
Note:n.+-ly : adj.
manly, worldly, heavenly, timely, friendly, homely, lovely
3. trace (L. 58) v.
1) to find ( a thing or person ) by following their course 追踪，跟踪
a.I can’t trace that letter you sent me.
b.The criminal was traced to London.
2) to find the origins by finding proof or by going back in time 追溯，追踪；探索
a.The rumor was traced back to a journalist.
b.His family can trace its history back to the 10th century.
n.
1) a mark or sign showing the former presence or passing of some person, vehicle, or event
足迹，踪迹；痕迹
a.Sorrow has left its traces on her face.
b.The ship is still missing without trace.
2) a very small amount of sth. 微量，少许
a. He speaks with a trace of American accent.
4. discard (L. 73) v. to get rid of as useless 丢弃，抛弃
a.The book wasdiscarded as unnecessary.
b.They discarded this theory for a new one.
n. 丢弃，抛弃
a. the discard of superstition 破除迷信
5. obscure (L. 46) adj. 1) hard to understand 晦涩的，费解的
a. Is the meaning still obscure to you?
2) not clear 不清楚的，模糊的
a. He only has an obscure idea on what to do.
3) not well-known, unknown 无名，默默无闻
a. He was an obscure poet.
v.to hide 使变暗，遮掩，遮盖
a.Fog obscured the stars.
b.His fame was obscured by that of his father.
obscurity n. 1) sth. that is obscure 晦涩，费解
a. The obscurity of the paragraph makes several interpretations
possible.
2) the state of being obscure 无名，默默无闻
a.He is content to live in obscurity.
b.Many great men rose from obscurity to fame.
6. possess (L. 8) v. 1) to have as one’s property, as a quality, etc.; own 拥有
a.They were found guilty of possessing guns.
b.He is possessed of great self-confidence.
c.They possess property between them.
2) ( of a feeling or idea ) to influence ( someone ) so completely as to make
them do esp. sth. foolish （感情、想法等）影响，控制，使受（感情或
想法等的）支配（或影响）
a.Fury suddenly possessed her. 她突然大发雷霆。
b.The news possessed him with anger.
c. I don’t know what possessed him to drive so fast down that busy street.
d.He was possessed by a devil. 他着了魔。
possession n. ownership; the state of having, holding, or owning sth.有，持有
a.My old house is in the possession of an old lady now.
b.The possession of a degree does not possess you a job.
Passage II: Fall from University Grace
1. sufficient (L. 15) adj. enough, as much as is needed for a purpose 足够的，充足的
a.The income is sufficient to keep him comfortable.
b.There wasn’t much food but it was sufficient for our needs.
sufficiency n.
suffice v.
2. attain (L. 16) v. to gain or arrive at, esp. after long effort; reach 达到，获得
a.She attained rank of deputy director.
b.He has achieved heights that I can never hope to attain to.
c.The perfection to which the pianist had attained was achieved by years of hard work. attainment n. sth. that has been successfully gained or learned, esp. a skill 成就，造诣，才能
a.He is a man of great attainments in several fields.
b.He was noted for his scholarly attainments.
3. beneficial (L. 45) adj. producing results that bring advantages 有益的，有用的，有好处的
a. Sunshine and rain are beneficial to the crops in the field.
b. The change of air is particularly beneficial to her health
benefit v.
1) (esp. of an action or event) to be useful, profitable, or helpful to 有益于，对……有好处
a. It’s an expensive investment but it will benefit the company in the long run.
2) to gain advantage 得到好处
a. These small businesses have benefited a lot from the fall in interest
rates.
4. tempt (L. 58) v. to attract, arouse a desire in somebody诱惑
a.Nothing could tempt me to take such a step.
b.His ambition tempted him into politics.
c.The beautiful color of the cake tempted my appetite.
temptation n. the act of tempting or the state of being tempted 引诱，诱惑
a.The temptation is too strong to be resisted.
b.There is not much temptation to go out for a walk in this weather.
III. Important Structures
A. In-Class Reading:
Essay I The Commencement Speech You’ll Never Hear
Essay II College: An All-Forgiving World?
1.Despite your fantasies, it was not even that we wanted to be liked by you. It was that we did not want to be bothered, and … (l. 25-26)
“It was not that …It was that …”这一结构表示“不是……而是…”。
a.To tell the truth, it is not that he is unwilling to help you. It is that he himself is in trouble
now.
b.It is not that I don’t want to tell you what happened yesterday. It is that I don’t know what
happened either.
2.It seems to Neusner that college is not a good preparatory school for life because … (L. 3-5) “It seems to sb. that …”这一结构表示“在某人看来，好象……”，that后面引导一个句子。
a. It seems to Mary that there is no need to go now.
b. It seems that he is very happy now.
3.There’s no doubt that Neusner should have taken … (L. 6-7)
“There’s no doubt that …”意为“毫无疑问”，that后面引导一个句子。
a. There’s no dou bt that we will win in the end.
b. There’s no doubt that he will help us if we ask him.
B: After-Class Reading
Passage I: Those College Finals
1.Sure enough, it was just about time for the end of the term at NorthwesternUniversity, just up the road from me. ( L. 10-11 )
It is / was … time that－意为“是做某事的时间了”。that后面的从句用虚拟语气。
a. It’s high time that we left.
b. It’s high time that we did something to stop road accidents.
2.I watched them in their despair, and I smiled the smile of the truly contended. (L. 68-69)
to smile the smile中，表示动宾关系的两个词源自同一词根，既可作动词，又可作名词。
a. After he retired, he lived a happy life.
Passage II: Fall from University Grace
1. Had I been more motivated, I might have passed those courses, but I just wasn’t ready for university. (L. 13-14)
虚拟从句中出现助动词were, should, had时，从句可以倒装。具体办法是：省去if，然后将助动词前提，其它部分照抄。
a.Had I taken my umbrella with me when I came out this morning, I should not be wet now.
b.Had I known about it, I would have told you.
2. I remained in the program until Christmas, hopeful that my marks would improve as well as my
disposition towards engineering. ( L. 30-32)
这里是形容词引导的从句作状语。
a. The boy sat there quietly, happy that his father finally forgave him.
b. The girl stood there motionless, sad that no one understood her.
IV. Paraphrase the following sentences:
In-Class Reading
Essay I The Commencement Speech You’ll Never Hear
1. You have spent four years supposing that failure leaves no record. (L. 2-3)
---In the four years you have spent in college, you think that failure would not allow any record to stay.
2. But starting now, in the world to which you go, failure marks you. Confronting difficulty by
quitting leaves you changed. (L. 4-6)
--- But from now on, when you enter the society, you’ll find that failure will certainly leave some record to you. Facing a difficult situation by giving up makes you a different person.
3.So, here grades can have meant little in distinguishing the excellent from the ordinary. (L. 9-10) ---Your marks in college can not be taken as a sign of whether you are an excellent student or just an ordinary one.
4.You will be ill-advised to demand praise for what does not deserve it, and abuse those who do not give it. (L. 12-13)
---It is unwise of you to ask to be praised when you are not worth it and to curse those who do not praise you.
5.For years we created an altogether forgiving world, in which whatever slight effort you gave was all that was demanded. (L. 15-16)
---For many years we created an entirely forgiving world for you, where we only asked you to make some slight effort.
6.Despite your fantasies, it was not even that we wanted to be liked by you. (l. 25)
---Though you might have a lot of fantasies as to why we did that, yet we did that not because we wanted you to like us.
7.It was, again, to be rid of you. So go, unlearn the lies we taught you. To life! (L42-43)
---We were nice to you just because we wanted to get rid of you. So forget those false ideas you get in college. Go out into life!
Essay II College: An All-Forgiving World?
1.He is completely ignoring all the pressures and hard times students go through to make it at
college. (L. 7-8)
---He totally ignores that in order to succeed at college, students have to bear a lot of pressures and hardships.
2.When the going gets tough, the tough ha ve to get down to work … (L.26)
---When it becomes difficult for the students to make progress in their studies, even the hardworking students have to start working even harder…
3.… and by no means have teachers “pretended not to care” when deadlines are not kept or
when things aren’t done at the time they are supposed to be. (L. 28-30)
---When things are not finished within the time they should be, teachers will certainly care. V. Translation
After-Class Reading
Passage I: Those College Finals
1.It is a horror that stays with a person for the rest of his life: the desperation, the frustration, the realization that one has to cough up mounds of knowledge that one does not even possess. And that one’s future career may depend on how well one does the coughing. (L. 6-9)
---那是一种与人余生相伴的恐惧：绝望、沮丧，以及意识到要费力地说出或写出一大堆他们并不掌握的知识。而问题回答得好坏也许会决定一个人的未来前途如何。
2.I couldn’t help myself. (l. 14)
---我无法控制自己。
3.They lifted their eyes in silent prayer. (L. 25)
---他们抬头默默祈祷。
4.They gathered around long tables, spiral-bound notebooks open, and they shot questions at one another. (L. 31-33)
---他们围坐在长条桌旁，面前摊放着螺旋线装订的笔记本，连珠炮般地互相发问。5.… Real life is an open-book test. (L. 47-48)
---……现实生活就像是一门开卷考试。
6.The only place you’ll ever encounter something as bizarre and frightening as a final exam is at college. (L. 50-51)
---大学是唯一一个使你能遇上像期末考试这样古怪而又吓人的事情的地方。
7.Real life is a coast, a glide. (L. 56)
---现实生活就像滑行，像滑翔。
Passage II: Fall from University Grace
1. After my dismal performance in my first year of university, I contemplated the reasons for my failure. (L. 3-4)
---大学一年级我的表现很糟糕，之后我深刻地反思了失败的原因。
2. Had I been more motivated, I might have passed those courses, but I just wasn’t ready for university. (L. 13-14)
---假如我有更强烈的动机，我本来有可能会通过这些考试的，但是我还没有为上大学做好准备。
3. Second, my aspirations were still cloudy, so if I transferred out of the engineering faculty I would still lack direction. (L. 28-29)
其次，我的志向仍不明确。所以，如果我从工学院转出来，我仍然没有方向。
4. However, passing grades eluded me, as did maturity. (L. 33)
---然而，我没能考及格，人也没有成熟起来。
5. A week later, snow covered every building on campus, which promised a white Christmas for everyone but me: my exams had been returned and I had failed all my courses. (L. 41-43) ---一周之后，大雪覆盖了校园的每一幢楼，这预示着大家将迎来一个银装素裹的圣诞节。但我除外，因为我的期末考试又来了，而且所有的科目又都不及格。
6. At the time, my independence was exhilarating; freedom, denied me for eighteen years, was mine to experience and abuse. (L. 48-49)
---那时，我的自立令我兴奋不已。已经被剥夺了十八年之久的自由终于是我的了，可以细细体味，尽情享用。喝醉了酒也不会受到处罚。
7. My refusal to claim responsibility for my actions and my abuse of newly gained independence and freedom from parental rule had combined to ensure my marks were below the passing grade and to make my Christmas black. (L. 55-57)
---我不愿为自己的行为承担责任，随心所欲地享用才得手的不受父母压制的独立和自由，二者加在一起注定了我考试不及格，要过一个伤心的圣诞节。
8. Falling from Eden was enough to teach Adam; the same is true for me. (L. 62-63)
---被赶出伊甸园足以教训亚当，我的失败也足以给我教训。
Unit Two Communication problems T eaching Objectives 1. Let the students have some ideas of the common ways we usually use in our daily life to communicate. 2. Make the students find the efficient ways to communicate with each other. 3. Let the students come up with the ways to avoid misunderstandings. T eaching allotment six academic hours Focus points 1.key words and phrases assume, conflict, convey, emphasis, ignore, misinterpret, react, verge, feel like, for effect, on the verge of, pull out, take----lightly 2.difficult sentences 1) When Martians and V enusians first got together, they encountered many of the problems with relationships we have today. 2) So when communication problems emerged, they assumed it was just one of those expected misunderstandings and that with a little assistance they would surely understand each other. 3) To fully express their feelings, women would tend to exaggerate the facts a little bit for effect and use various superlatives, metaphors, and generalizations. 3.grammar focus prefix “mis---”的不同意义 Related Information It is well-known that learning a second language is never easy, and, generally speaking, the older one is when one attempts a new language, the more difficult it becomes. This is at least partly due to what is known as language interference, meaning that the linguistic patterns of our first language interfere with those of the second because no two languages have exactly the same sounds and grammatical structures. The English language has a very large vocabulary because it has incorporated words from many other languages over the centuries. This is nowhere more apparent than in its color words. For example, there are many words that express the color “purple”, describing its different shades and hues: mauve, violet, lilac, or lavender. An interesting linguistic gender difference among native speakers of English is the likelihood of women using these color terms to differentiate between shades of purple, whereas, men will be satisfied with the one word “purple”. This is true of other color words too.
一、 1、当我知道详细情况时，我意识到我不该在办公室发脾气。 When I knew the details ,I realized that I shouldn’t have lost the temper at the office. 2、我和鲍勃不是很熟，不过我们偶尔出去喝一杯。 I don’t know Bob very well ,but we go out for a drink occasionally. 3、会议应该在周二召开，但我们不得不推迟。 The meeting is supposed to be held on Tuesday, but we have to put it off. 4、我国政府采取行动使那个国家的所以中国人回到了祖国。 Our government took action to get all the Chinese back to homeland in that country. 5、包括周末在内，仅仅还有12天时间可以用来买圣诞礼物。 Including the weekend ,there is only 12days to buy Charismas presents. 6、如不立即采取行动，许多野生动物就会因饥饿而死亡。 Without taking action immediately ,many kinds of wild animals would die from hunger. 三、 1、除非你有经验，否则你得不到这份工作。 You won’t got this job unless you have got the experience. 2、我把大部分时间都花在研究中美文化差异上了。 Most of my time is spent studying the differences between Chinese and American culture. 3、这句话意思很清楚，绝不会引起误会。 This sentence is so clear that it can’t cause any misunderstanding. 4、他希望能给予她比现在更多的帮助。 He hopes he could give her more help than he does. 5、要记得邀请她来参加生日晚会，不然她会抱怨的。 Remember to invite her to the birthday party ,or she would complain. 6、主任说，你必须把购置设备的2500美元加到成本中去。 The Director said ,you have to add 2500 dollars for equipment purchase to the cost. 7、了解自己的长处、弱点以及所处的环境很重要。 It’s important to be aware of your strengths, weaknesses and the environment you are in. 8、如果你继续对大家这么粗鲁，不久你就会发现自己什么朋友都没有了。 You will find yourself without any friends at all if you keep on being so rude to everyone. 四、 1、做出贡献的人太多了，无法一一提及。 The individuals who have contributed are far too many to mention. 2、半夜里，嘈杂声把我们吵醒了。 The noise woke us up in the middle of the night. 3、他不应该对我说的话感到生气，那仅仅是个玩笑而已。 He shouldn’t have been angry at what I said, it was nothing more than a joke. 4、我们邀请了所以的朋友去野餐，但是由于下雨只来了其中5位。 We invited all our friends to the picnic ,but it rained and only 5 of them showed up. 5、婚姻被视为一件严肃的事。 Marriage is viewed as a serious matter. 6、令我失望的是，这部电影并不像我期待得那么好。 To my disappointment ,the movie didn’t live up to my expectations. 七、
Reading comprehension 1略 2 BDCAC AADBB Vocabulary 1. 1) A. entertaining B. entertainment C. entertained D. entertainer 2) A. recognizable B. recognized C. recognition 3) A. tempting B. temptation C. tempt 4) A. reasoned B. reasoning C. reasonable D. reason 5) A. analyzed B. analytical C. analyst D. analysis 6) A. valuable B. valuation C. valued/values D. values 7) A. humorist B. humor C. humorous D. humorless 8) A. understandable B. understanding C. understand D. misunderstood 2. 1) a sense of responsibility 2) a sense of safety/security 3) a sense of inferiority 4) a sense of superiority 5) a sense of rhythm 6) a sense of justice 7) a sense of shame 8) a sense of helplessness 9) a sense of direction 10) a sense of urgency 3. 1) Lively behavior is normal 2) Fast cars appeal to 3) diverse arguments 4) I asked my boss for clarification 5) sensitive to light 6) Mutual encouragement 7) made fun of him 8) persists in his opinion/viewpoint 9) to be the focus/center of attention 10) we buy our tickets in advance 4. 1）certain/sure 2) involved 3) end 4) behavior 5) disciplining 6) agreed 7) individually 8) first 9) response 10) question 11) attempt 12) voice 13) directly 14) followed 15) trouble Unit 2 便笺的力量 Reading comprehension 1略 2 FFTFTFTFTTFTFT Vocabulary 1. Creating Compound Words
Unit1 1. 1) A entertaining B entertainment C entertained D entertainer 2) A recognizable B recognized C recognition D 3) A tempting B temptation C tempt 4) A reasoned B reasoning C reasonable D reason 5) A analyzed B analytical C analyst D analysis 6) A valuable B valuation C valued/values D values 7) A humorist B humor C humorous D humorless 8) A understandable B understanding C understand D misunderstood 2. 1) a sense of responsibility 2) a sense of safety/security 3) a sense of inferiority 4) a sense of superiority 5) a sense of rhythm 6) a sense of justice 7) a sense of shame 8) a sense of helplessness 9) a sense of direction 10) a sense of urgency 3. 1) Lively behavior is normal 2) Fast cars appeal to 3) diverse arguments 4) I asked my boss for clarification 5) sensitive to light 6) Mutual encouragement 7) made fun of him 8) persists in his opinion/viewpoint 9) to be the focus/center of attention 10) we buy our tickets in advance 4. 1) certain/sure 2) involved 3) end 4) behavior 5) disciplining 6) agreed 7) individually 8) first 9) response 10) question 11) attempt 12) voice 13) directly 14) followed 15) trouble
Unit Seven Culture Teaching Objectives 1. Culture and characteristics of people; 2. Learn to bridge a gap among different culture groups; 3. To know the importance of culture in our English study; 4. To enable students to master the new words and phrases. Teaching allotment 6 academic hours. 1)1-2 Preparation 2)3-4 In-Class Reading: Bridging Cultural Gaps Gracefully 3) 5-6 After-Class Reading & Exercises Focus Points 1. Key words,phrases & usages abrupt, accompany, accomplish, assure, avoid, caution, compliment, confusion, constant, cultural, definitely, edible, fancy, farewell, feasible, gap, graceful, gracious, haste, inadequate, inevitable, involve, literally, mission, modest, modify, naughty, negotiation, polar, proposal, protest, refusal, respond, signal, surpass 2. Difficult sentences 1. Why is it that when you study a foreign language, you never learn the little phrases that let you slip into a culture without all your foreignness exposed? 2. Then finally, listening to others, I began to pick up the phrases that eased relations and sent people off with a feeling of mission not only accomplished but surpassed. 3.If I try to go fast to discourage them from following, they are simply put to the discomfort of having to flee after me. 4.Not so a Chinese host or hostess (often the husband does the fancy cooking), who will instead apologize for giving you “nothing” even slightly edible and for not showing you enough honor by providing proper dishes. 3. Grammar focus 特殊疑问词的强调; 双重否定;不定式复合结构;动名词的复合结构;be + 不定式结构 Methods of Teaching 1) Using multi-media teaching equipment（应用多媒体教学手段）
Unit 6 A World of Mystery The Bermuda Triangle [1] On 5th December 1945, Flight 19, which consisted of five US Navy planes, took off from Fort Lauderdale, Florida in fine weather. There was a total of fourteen men on board the planes. The planes were in good condition; they had the best equipment on board including compasses and radios, and they also carried life rafts. The planes could float on water for ninety seconds. One and a half hours after the take-off, a radio message from one of the planes was heard at the control tower at Fort Lauderdale. [2] "I don't know where we are." [3] After that the planes could no longer speak to the control tower, but they could speak to and hear each other, and the control tower could hear them. [4] "The magnetic compass is going crazy." [5] "We're completely lost." [6] No other messages were heard after that. Nobody else heard from the planes or saw them again. Three hundred planes and many boats searched the area, but not one trace of Flight 19 was found. Then one of the planes that was sent to look for them also disappeared completely. [7] These planes had disappeared in a very mysterious part of the world in the western Atlantic Ocean where lots of strange events have taken place. The mystery started long before 1945, and since that year many other ships and planes have also disappeared in this area. It is called the Bermuda Triangle. It is a large, triangular area of the ocean with the island of Bermuda at its northern tip. [8] Planes and ships disappear in other parts of the world, but there are more disappearances in the Triangle than in other areas. For years now scientists and others have been puzzled by this mystery. There have been many attempts to explain why people, planes and ships disappear in such high numbers here . [9] One writer, John Spencer, believes that the ships and planes have been carried off from the sea and sky by flying saucers or UFOs from another planet. Since there are millions of other planets in the universe, Spencer believes there must be other intelligent creatures somewhere in the universe. These creatures are interested in collecting humans and their equipment so that they can examine them carefully. [10] Another theory is that the geography of the area is responsible for the disappearances of the ships and planes. Bermuda lies on an earthquake belt. Underwater earthquakes result in large waves appearing suddenly. These waves are so big that they can break a ship into pieces. In the air, a similar thing can happen to airplanes because of
Part 1 Listening 1 Ex1: C A D C B Ex2: 1) approaching 2) left 3) toilet 4) locked 5) Tickets please 6) pushed 7) stamped Scripts: Two Belgians and two Dutchmen traveled regularly to work on the same train. After a while the Dutchmen saw that the two Belgians only had one ticket between them and asked how they managed to achieve this. The Belgians explained that when they heard the conductor approaching from the other end of the carriage, the two of them left their seats, went into the toilet and locked the door. When the conductor knocked on the toilet door, saying, "Tickets, please!", they pushed one ticket under the door. It was then stamped and pushed back under the door again. The Dutchmen thought this was a very good idea and the following morning bought one ticket between them. When they got to their carriage there was only one Belgian. They told him what they had done and asked the Belgian if he had a ticket as he was traveling on his own. The Belgian said he did not have a ticket at all and when they asked how he proposed to manage to travel free of charge, he told them they would have to wait and see until the conductor arrived, but he had no doubt that he would manage it without difficulty. As soon as they heard the conductor coming, the two Dutchmen immediately went to the toilet and locked the door. A few moments later, the Belgian followed them down the corridor and knocked on the toilet door, saying, "Tickets, please!" One ticket appeared under the door. Questions: 1. Where did the story take place 2. What did the two Dutchmen want to know from the two Belgians 3. How did the Dutchmen feel about the Belgians' behavior 4. What did the Belgian do when asked if he had a ticket 5. Who finally managed to travel free of charge Listening 2 Ex1: 1 department store 2. attend college 3. difficult 4. physical education 5. terrified Ex2: FTTFT Scripts: My name is Atsuko Saeki. I work as a salesclerk in a big department store in Fuji, Japan. Six years ago when I was 21 years old, I went to California to attend college. Life in the United States was much more difficult than I had ever imagined. It wasn't like the descriptions I had read in my textbooks. People often seemed tense and so I felt very alone. One of my hardest classes was physical education. We often played volleyball. All the other students were good at it, but I clearly wasn't. One afternoon, the teacher asked me to hit the ball to my classmates. For most people, this would be easy but I was terrified that I would make a fool of myself. When one of the boys on my team saw how nervous I was, he walked up to me and whispered, "Come on, you can do that." You can't imagine how those words of encouragement made me feel. I was so happy that I almost cried. I managed to hit the ball and I think I thanked the young man, but I'm not sure. I have never forgotten his kind words of encouragement. He probably doesn't even remember what he said to me or how much his kindness meant to me. Whenever things aren't going well, I think of those simple words of encouragement: Come on, you can do that.
新编大学英语教案(第二册)_U n i t2 C o m m u n i c a t i o n P r o b l e m s -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
Unit Two Communication problems Teaching Objectives 1. Let the students have some ideas of the common ways we usually use in our daily life to communicate. 2. Make the students find the efficient ways to communicate with each other. 3. Let the students come up with the ways to avoid misunderstandings. Teaching allotment six academic hours Focus points 1.key words and phrases assume, conflict, convey, emphasis, ignore, misinterpret, react, verge, feel like, for effect, on the verge of, pull out, take----lightly 2.difficult sentences 1) When Martians and Venusians first got together, they encountered many of the problems with relationships we have today. 2) So when communication problems emerged, they assumed it was just one of those expected misunderstandings and that with a little assistance they would surely understand each other. 3) To fully express their feelings, women would tend to exaggerate the facts a little bit for effect and use various superlatives, metaphors, and generalizations. 3.grammar focus prefix “mis---”的不同意义 Related Information It is well-known that learning a second language is never easy, and, generally speaking, the older one is when one attempts a new language, the more difficult it becomes. This is at least partly due to what is known as language interference, meaning that the linguistic patterns of our first language interfere with those of the second because no two languages have exactly the same sounds and grammatical structures. The English language has a very large vocabulary because it has incorporated words from many other languages over the centuries. This is nowhere more apparent than in its color words. For example, there are many words that express the color “purple”, describing its different shades and hues: mauve, violet, lilac, or lavender. An interesting 2
Book 1 Translation Exercises Unit 1 Translation 1) 我累了。昨晚我不该那么晚睡觉。(should not + 动词完成式) 2) 我和鲍勃不是很熟，不过我们偶尔一起出去喝一杯。(occasional) 3) 我们应该到火车站接她。(be supposed to) 4) 你可以清楚地看到有人快要淹死, 而你却没有采取行动救他们。(drown, take action) 5) 包括周末在内，仅仅还有12天时间可以用来买圣诞礼物。(including) 6) 如果不立即采取行动，许多种野生动物就会因饥饿而死亡。(without, hunger) I’m tired. I shouldn’t have gone to bed so late last night. I don’t/didn’t know Bob very well, but we go/went out for an occasional drink together. We’re supposed to meet her at the train station. You could clearly see people drowning, but/and yet you took no action to save them. Including weekends, there are only twelve more days to buy Christmas presents. Without immediate action, many kinds of wild animals would die from hunger. Unit 2 Translation 1) 那首歌总是使她回想起在芝加哥度过的那个夜晚。(remind…of…) 2) 街角处刚巧有一位警察，我便向他问路。(happen to, corner) 3) 由于天气恶劣，今天所有去纽约的航班都延误了。(delay) 4) 谁有责任谁就必须赔偿损失。(whoever, responsible) 5) 我找不到我的支票簿。我准是把它留在家里了。(checkbook, must have) 6) 到足球比赛快开始时，暴风雨已经停了。(by the time) That song always reminded her of the night spent in Chicago. There happened to be a policeman on the corner, so I asked him the way. All flights to New York today are/were delayed because of the bad weather. Whoever is responsible will have to pay for the damage. I can’t find my checkbook. I must have left it at home. By the time the football match was going to start, the storm had already stopped. Unit 3 Translation 1) 除非你有经验，否则你得不到这份工作。(unless) 2) 我把大部分时间花在研究中美文化的差异上了。(spend) 3) 这句话意思极清楚，决不会引起误解。(so…that) 4) 他希望能够给予她比现在更多的帮助。(more than) 5) 穿上外套，否则你会感冒的。(or) 6) 她的收藏品中增加了一张毕加索(Picasso)的画。(add…to…) 7) 我没意识到以前曾来过这儿。(be aware of) 8) 如果你继续对每个人这么粗鲁，你很快就会发现自己什么朋友都没有了。(find oneself without) 1）You won’t get the job unless you’ve got the experience. 2) Most of my time is spent studying the differences between Chinese and American culture. The statement/sentence is so clear that it can’t cause any misunderstanding. He wishes that he could give her more help than he does. She has added a Picasso to his collection.
课内阅读参考译文及课后习题答案(Book 4) Unit 1 享受幽默—什么东西令人开怀？ 1 听了一个有趣的故事会发笑、很开心，古今中外都一样。这一现象或许同语言本身一样悠久。那么，到底是什么东西会使一个故事或笑话让人感到滑稽可笑的呢？ 2 我是第一次辨识出幽默便喜欢上它的人，因此我曾试图跟学生议论和探讨幽默。这些学生文化差异很大，有来自拉丁美洲的，也有来自中国的。我还认真地思考过一些滑稽有趣的故事。这么做完全是出于自己的喜好。 3 为什么听我讲完一个笑话后，班上有些学生会笑得前仰后合，而其他学生看上去就像刚听我读了天气预报一样呢？显然，有些人对幽默比别人更敏感。而且，我们也发现有的人很善于讲笑话，而有的人要想说一点有趣的事却要费好大的劲。我们都听人说过这样的话：“我喜欢笑话，但我讲不好，也总是记不住。”有些人比别人更有幽默感，就像有些人更具有音乐、数学之类的才能一样。一个真正风趣的人在任何场合都有笑话可讲，而且讲了一个笑话，就会从他记忆里引出一连串的笑话。一个缺乏幽默感的人不可能成为一群人中最受欢迎的人。一个真正有幽默感的人不仅受人喜爱，而且在任何聚会上也往往是人们注意的焦点。这么说是有道理的。 4 甚至有些动物也具有幽默感。我岳母从前经常来我们家，并能住上很长一段时间。通常她不喜欢狗，但却很喜欢布利茨恩—我们养过的一条拉布拉多母猎犬。而且，她们的这种喜欢是相互的。布利茨恩在很小的时候就常常戏弄外祖母，当外祖母坐在起居室里她最喜欢的那张舒适的椅子上时，布利茨恩就故意把她卧室里的一只拖鞋叼到起居室，并在外祖母刚好够不到的地方蹦来跳去，一直逗到外祖母忍不住站起来去拿那只拖鞋。外祖母从椅子上一起来，布利茨恩就迅速跳上那椅子，从它那闪亮的棕色眼睛里掠过一丝拉布拉多式的微笑，无疑是在说：“啊哈，你又上了我的当。” 5 典型的笑话或幽默故事由明显的三部分构成。第一部分是铺垫（即背景），接下来是主干部分（即故事情节），随后便是妙语（即一个出人意料或令人惊讶的结尾）。如果这个妙语含有一定的幽默成分，这个笑话便会很有趣。通常笑话都包含这三部分，而且每部分都必须交代清楚。如果讲故事或说笑话的人使用听众都熟悉的手势和语言，则有助于增强效果。 6 我们可以对幽默这种娱乐形式，进行分析，从而发现究竟是什么使一个有趣的故事或笑话令人发笑。举例来说，最常见的幽默有以下几种，包括了从最显而易见的幽默到比较微妙含蓄的幽默。 7 “滑稽剧”是最明显的幽默。它语言简单、直截了当，常常以取笑他人为乐。说笑打闹这种形式过去是、现在仍然是滑稽说笑演员和小丑的惯用技巧。它为不同年龄、不同文化背景的人们所喜爱。几乎本世纪的每个讲英语的滑稽说笑演员都曾以这样或那样的方式说过下面这则笑话。一位男士问另一位男士：“昨晚我看到的那位和你在一起的贵妇是谁？”那位男士回答道：“那可不是什么贵妇，那是我老婆。”这个笑话的幽默之处在于第二位男士说他的妻子不是一位贵妇，也就是说她不是一个高雅的女人。这个笑话并没有因为经常讲而变得不再那么好笑。由于这是一个经典笑话，观众都知道要说什么，而且因为大家对这个笑话很熟悉而更加珍爱它。 8 中国的相声是一种特殊的滑稽剧。相声中两名中国喜剧演员幽默地谈论诸如官僚主义者、家庭问题或其他一些有关个人的话题。相声随处都能听到，无论是在乡村的小舞台上，还是在北京最大的剧院里，抑或在广播、电视上。它显然是中国人家喻户晓的一种传统的幽默形式。 9 “俏皮话”不像滑稽剧那样浅显，它是因语言的误用或误解而引人发笑。我特别喜欢