关于政治的英文词汇
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constitution 宪法legislation立法Democrats民主党Republicans共和Amendment修正案Congress美国国
Senate 参议院
House of Representatives 众议院monarchy 君主制
anarchism 无政府主义
federal system 联邦制
presidential system 总统制municipal 市的，市政的metropolitan 大都市的
centralized 中央集权的
ideology 意识形态
tariff 关税
immigrant 移民
institutionalize 机构化
election 选举
veto 否决
poll 投票，投票数，民意测验office holding 任职
American Revolution美国革命/独立战争
Independence War 美国独立战争American Civil War 美国内战
radical 激进的,根本的overturning 颠覆性的
independent 独立的
breathtaking 激动人心的
military 军事的
colonize 拓殖，殖民
percapita 人均
treason 叛国 c
onspiracy 阴谋
imprisonment 监禁
release 释放
pardon 特赦
accusation 遣责，指控
welfare 福利
patronage 资助，赞助
unionization 联合，结合
attache [法语] 随行人员
glasnost [俄语] 公开性；开放
jujitsu [日语] 柔术
karate [日语] 空手道
laissez-faire [法语] 自由主义
Lebensraum [德语] 生存空间
per annum [拉丁语] 每年
rapport [法语] 和睦；友好
rendezvous [法语] 约会(地点)
sumo [日语相扑
karaoke; judo; per capita; tai chi chuan;
Big Apple (大苹果)美国纽约市
Big Board (纽约证券交易所的大行情
板)纽约证券所／纽约股市
Broadway (百老汇大街)美国或纽约市
商业性戏剧(业)
City of Angels (天使城)洛杉矶
City of Brotherly Love (博爱城)费
城
City by the Golden Gate (金门城)旧金
山市
Crescent City (新月城)新奥尔良市
Dice City (赌城)(美国以夜总会和赌场
著称的)拉斯韦加斯市
Empire State (帝国州)纽约州
Fun City (逍遥城)纽约市
Golden State (黄金州)加利福尼亚州
Hollywood (好莱坞)美国电影业；美国
电影界
Hub of the Universe(宇宙中心)波士顿
市
Madison Avenue( 美国广告业中心)麦
迪逊大街美国广告业／美国商业
Mother of Presidents (总统之母)美国
弗吉尼亚州或俄亥俄州
Steel City (钢城)匹兹堡市
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Windy City (多风城)芝加哥市
White House(白宫)美国政府；美国总统
the City [(英国首都伦敦市中心)伦敦城] 英国商业界；英国金融界
Fleet Street (舰队街)英国新闻界
Scotland Yard (苏格兰场；伦敦警察局)伦敦警方
Elysee [(法国总统官邱)爱丽舍宫]法国政府；法国总统
Maginot Line [(第二次大战前法国所筑防御阵地体系)马其诺防线]盲目行动；迷恋于维持现状
Quai d'Orsay [(法国外交部附近地名)凯道赛码头]法国外交部；法国外交政策；法国政府
Bermuda／Bermuda Triangle [百慕大(魔鬼)三角]危险的禁区
Horn of Africa (非洲之角)索马里和埃塞俄比亚
cancer-causing drug致癌药物
policy-making body 决策机构
Peace-keeping force 维和部队
Oil-producing country 产油国
long-standing issue由来己久的问题 wide-spreading AIDS 到处蔓延的艾滋
病
high-ranking official高级官
员
far-reaching significance深远意义
blood-cemented friendship 鲜血凝成的
友谊贫困地区
poverty-stricken area外向型经济
export-oriented economy deep-rooted s
ocial problems 根深蒂固的社会问题
quick-frozen food 速冻食品
foreign-owned enterprise外资企业
long-faced job loser愁眉苦脸的失业
者
dimly-lit room 光线昏暗的房间
well-informed source 消息灵通人
士
richly-paid job薪水丰厚的工
作
highly-sophisticated technology尖端技
术
inflation-proof deposit 保值储蓄
vehicle-free promenade/ street 步行
街
interest-free loan无息贷款
labor-intensive enterprise 劳动力密集
型企业
arms-reduction talks 裁军谈判
year-end report 年终报告
labor-management conflict 劳资冲突
供求失调
supply-demand imbalance long-term，
low-interest loan长期低息贷款
top-level talk 最高级会谈
fair-trade agreement互惠贸易协定
long-range nuclear missile远程核导
弹
100-metre dash百米赛跑
one-man government 独裁政府
one-way street 单向道
21-gun salute 21响礼炮
face-to-face talk 会晤；面晤
hand-to-mouth pay 温饱工资
ground-to-air missile地对空导弹
dusk-to-dawn curfew彻夜宵禁
touch-and-go affair 一触即发的局势
middle-of-the-road policy 中立政
策
be-kind-to-animal campaign 保护动物
运动
see-while-you-talk phone 可视电
话
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good-to-excellent care无微不至的关怀
on-the-spot interview现场采访
on-the-job training; 在职培训;
one-country-two-system policy一国两制的政策
China’s actual conditions中国国情
be honest in performing one’s official d uties 廉洁奉公
build a clean and honest government; c onstruction of a clean government廉政建设 abuse of power for personal gain；misuse of power for private interest以权谋私
corruption reporting centre举报中心 be responsible for one's own profit and loss自负盈亏
jack up price哄抬物价
single youth above the normal matrimo nial age大龄青年
high-tech business incubator; pioneer p ark创业园
“物质文明”（material progress ）、（intellectual and ideological developm ent）、
“宰客”（rip off）、
“打白条”（issue IOUs）关系网
（network of personal connections ）、
“下海”（risk one’
s fortune in business）、
“跳槽”（job-hop）
euthanasia（安乐死），
AIDS艾滋病
elevated highways（高架道路）
information superhighway信息高速公
路
value-added tax （增值税），
hula hoop（呼拉圈），
surfing （冲浪运动），
talk show（访谈节目；谈话类节
目)
lucky draw抽奖
vicious circle恶性循环
Yangtze River delta长江三角洲
tax avoidance避税
localization本土化；本地化
settling-in allowance安家费
interdisciplinary talent复合型人才
jerry-built project豆腐渣工程
worse off than some, better off than ma
ny比上不足，比下有余
fight corruption and build a clean gover
nment 反腐倡廉
real estate market房地产市场
Comfortable Housing Project安居工
程
distribution according to one's perform
ance按劳分配
to buy a house on mortgage; to mort
gage a house按揭购房
Service industry/ service trade窗口行
业
Pet clinic宠物医院
Inter-city train城际列车
Green hand菜鸟，新手
Multinational company跨国公司
Passive smoking; second-hand smoking
被动吸烟
Copyright reserved版权所有
Money worship 拜金主义
Start from scratch 白手起家
century-old shop百年老店
Host country东道国
countdown倒计时
Crack down on fake products 打假
Protective umbrella保护伞
find a sugar daddy;
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be a mistress for a rich man;
lean on a moneybag傍大款
National Committee of the Chinese Peo ple's Political Consultative Conference ( CPPCC)
迎难而上 face difficulties squarely work with courage and determination, 奋勇拼搏
艰难险阻all difficulties and obstacle 保持平稳较快增长maintain steady and rapid growth
社会事业 social program
fight against massive natural disaster （抗击特大自然灾害）
残奥会 Paralympics
the Shenzhou VII manned space missio n
socialism with Chinese characteristics （中国特色社会主义）
奋勇前进 bravely forge ahead
宏观经济政策 macroeconomic policies 复杂多变 complex and volatile
预见性、针对性和有效性 proactive, targeted and effective。maintaining steady and rapid economic development and controlling price hikes （保持经济平稳较快发展，控制物价
过快上涨）
急转直下 deteriorate sharply
积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政
策
proactive fiscal policy and a moderately
easy monetary policy
出口退税率 export rebate rates
金融机构存贷款基准利率
the benchmark interest rates on savings
and loans for financial institutions
存款准备金率required reserve ratios
储蓄存款利息个人所得
税 the individual income tax on interest
earnings from savings
证券交易印花
税 securities transaction stamp tax rates
住房交易税费
taxes and fees on housing transaction
出手要快、出拳要重、措施要准、工
作要实的要求
requirement that we act fast, be forcefu
l, take targeted measures and stress imp
lementation
进一步扩大内需
further boost domestic demand
重点产业振兴
revitalizing key industry
agriculture, rural areas and farmers （三
农）
粮食直补、农资综合补贴、良种补贴、
农机具购置补
贴 subsidies to grain producers, general
subsidies for agricultural production sup
plies, and subsidies for superior crop var
ieties and the purchase of agricultural m
achinery and tools
粮食收购价 grain purchase prices
主要农产品临时收储政策
temporary policy for purchasing and sto
ckpiling major agricultural products
支线飞机、新能源汽车、高速铁路
regional aircraft, automobiles powered
by new energy sources and high-speed r
ailways
Balancing economic and social develop
ment （统筹社会经济发展）
our policy to stimulate and expand empl
oyment by encouraging business startup
（以创业带动就业政策）
棚户区 shantytown
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1 免费义务教育 Free compulsory education 民族凝聚
力 the cohesiveness of our nation
常用经济类词汇： economist 经济学家 socialist economy 社会主义经济capitalist economy 资本主义经济collective economy 集体经济planned economy 计划经济controlled economy 管制经济rural economics 农村经济 liberal economy 自由经济 mixed economy 混合经济political economy 政治经济学protectionism 保护主义 autarchy 闭关自守 primary sector 初级成分 private sector 私营成分,私营部门public sector 公共部门,公共成分economic channels 经济渠道economic balance 经济平衡economic fluctuation 经济波动economic depression 经济衰退economic stability 经济稳定economic policy 经济政策
economic recovery 经济复原understanding 约定 concentration 集中 holding company 控股公司 trust 托拉斯 cartel 卡特尔 rate of growth 增长 economic trend 经济趋势 economic situation 经济形势infrastructure 基本建设 standard of living 生活标准,生活水平purchasing power, buying power 购买力scarcity 短缺 stagnation 停滞,萧条,不景气underdevelopment 不发达underdeveloped 不发达的 developing 发展中的 initial capital 创办资本 frozen capital 冻结资金 frozen assets 冻结资产 fixed assets 固定资产 real estate 不动产,房地产
政治英语词汇
时政热点词汇 “机构改革”（reform of the organizational structure） “三讲”（three emphases education (to stress theoretical study, political awareness and good conduct)）、 “三个代表”（three represents theory）、 “减轻农民负担”（alleviate farmer’s burden）、 “理顺关系”（rationalize the relationship）等， 既反映了当今的大政方针、国情民意，与人民大众的日常生活和工作息息相关。 改革是一项前所未有的伟大事业，必须 “解放思想”（emancipate our minds）、 “打破禁区”（break off a forbidden zone）、 “转换脑筋”（change ideas）、 坚持正确的“舆论导向”（direction of public opinion）、
“抓住机遇”（seize the opportunity）、 破除“旧观念”（old perceptions）、 废除干部“职务终身制”（life-long tenure）和 “论资排辈”（to assign priority according to seniority）等框框，并实行“公务员制度”（civil service）、 “竞聘上岗”(compete for the post)。 据调查，我国市民所关注的国内热点问题排在前两位的 “失业下岗”(laid-off ) 和“廉政建设”(clean government building)。 因此打击“权钱交易”(trade power for money)、 “以权谋私”(abuse of power for personal gains)， 并加大“扫黑”（to sweep away the "black" i.e., secret societies）“反贪”(anti-embezzlement)的力度， “从严治党”(run the Party strictly)、 “治乱减负”(comprehensive improvement and lightening the burden)，将始终是老百姓密切关注的社会焦点。 关心“菜篮子价格”（price of non-basic food）， 让老百姓吃上“放心肉”（rest assured meat）， 坚决查处“有毒大米”（poisonous rice）、 “黑心棉”（black heart cotton）、 “豆腐渣工程”(jerry-built project) ……是党和政府为老百姓办实事、惩治犯罪的生动体现。 永远是热点词汇的“奉献精神”(spirit of utter devotion)， 还有“义捐”(charity contribution)、 “义演”(benefit performance)、 “见义勇为”(gallantly rising to the occasion)、 “公民道德建设”(citizen’s ethical construction)等， 为社会主义精神文明建设铸上永恒的烙印。
口译分类词汇--政治政府 按保护价敞开收购粮食的政策a policy of purchasing grain without limitations at protective prices 把处理事与处理人结合起来integrate the handling of cases with the handling of violators 把有限的资金用在“刀刃上” use our limited funds where they can be put to best use 保持经济适度快速增长maintain an appropriate rapid economic growth 保监会the China Insurance Regulatory Commission 保证国家的长治久安guarantee China’s long-term stability 保证社会公共需要guarantee social needs 保证这些项目如期建成并发挥效益ensure that these projects are completed according to schedule and yield economic returns 避免形成倒逼机制、欲罢不能The uncompleted projects cannot drag on and on and require excessive investment. 不合法、不合理基金和收费项目illegal and unjustifiable funds and charges 不会导致货币过量发行without causing overissue of currency 不进则退no progress simply means regression 不良贷款non- performing loans 不能搞赤字预算cannot leave a deficit in their budgets 不再经商no longer engage in trade 财政偿还能力our ability to service debt 财政的承受能力financial capacity 财政监督条例the Regulations on Financial Supervision 财政日子将更加难过We will be in financial straits. 财政收入占国内生产总值的比重the ratio of revenue to GDP 财政收支基本平衡的原则a principle of maintaining a basic balance between revenue and expenditures 财政资金申请、立项、拨付、使用效果等各个环节的监督supervision over the whole process of fund allocation from application, project determination and actual allocation to returns on investment 拆迁补偿费compensation for demolition 产权划转和产权变动the transfer of and changes in property rights of enterprises 产销衔接状况the ratio of sales to production 产业升级upgrade industries 长江流域的生态掩体an ecological shelter along the Yangtze River Valley 长江三峡和黄河小浪底水利枢纽工程the key water projects at the Three Gorges on the Yangtze River and at Xiaolangdi on the Yellow River 长期国债long-term government bonds 常务委员Standing Committee member 车辆购置税暂行条例the Interim Regulations on the Tax on Vehicle Purchases 成长型企业市场（指二板市场）growing enterprise market (GEM) 城乡电网改造projects for upgrading urban and rural power grids 城镇登记失业率registered unemployment rate in cities and towns 城镇社会保障体系urban social security system 城镇职工医疗保险制度改革medical insurance for urban workers 城镇住房制度改革reform of the urban housing system 出口经营权由审批制向登记备案制过渡the transition from an examination and approval system to a registration and recording system for the right to engage in export 出口配额export quotas 传统产业conventional industries
经济学英语词汇1、General terms 一般术语 economist 经济学家 socialist economy 社会主义经济capitalist economy 资本主义经济collective economy 集体经济planned economy 计划经济controlled economy 管制经济rural economics 农村经济liberal economy 自由经济mixed economy 混合经济political economy 政治经济学protectionism 保护主义autarchy 闭关自守 primary sector 初级成分 private sector 私营成分,私营部门public sector 公共部门,公共成分economic channels经济渠道economic balance 经济平衡economic fluctuation 经济波动economic depression 经济衰退economic stability 经济稳定economic policy 经济政策 economic recovery 经济复原understanding 约定 concentration 集中 holding company 控股公司 trust 托拉斯cartel 卡特尔 rate of growth 增长 economic trend经济趋势 economic situation 经济形势infrastructure 基本建设 standard of living生活标准,生活水平purchasing power, buying power 购买力scarcity 短缺 stagnation停滞,萧条,不景气underdevelopment 不发达underdeveloped 不发达的developing 发展中的 2、Capital 资本 initial capital 创办资本 frozen capital 冻结资金 frozen assets 冻结资产 fixed assets 固定资产 real estate 不动产,房地产 circulating capital, working capital 流动资本available capital 可用资产 capital goods资本货物reserve 准备金,储备金 calling up of capital 催缴资本allocation of funds资金分配contribution of funds 资金捐献working capital fund 周转基金revolvingfund 循环基金,周转性基金contingency fund 意外开支,准备金reserve fund 准备金
政治学专用词汇 一画 一院制Unicameral 一党制国家One—party States 二画 人权Human rights 人权宣言Declarations of the Rights of Man and the Citizen 三画 工会Trade unions 下议院House of Commons 上议院House of Lords 个人主义Individualism 女权主义Feminism 马列主义Marxism—Leninism 马克思主义Marxism 马基雅维里主义Machiavelli 四画 王权Crown 无产阶级Proletariat 无产阶级专政Dictatorship of the proletariat 无政府主义Anarchism 专制Despotism 专制政府/绝对专制主义Absolute government/absolutism 中央与地方的关系Central/Local relations 分权Separation of powers 公共行政Public administration 公民权利Civil rights 公民自由Civil liberties 五画 正义Justice 可审判性Justiciability 平等Equality 奴隶制Slavery 占统治地位的党Dominant party 代表Delegate 代议员Representative 代议制政府Representative government 代表制Representation 主权Sovereignty 市民社会Civil society 市（镇）长Major 立宪主义Constitutionalism 立宪政体Constitutional government 立法机关Legislatures
国民生产总值GNP (Gross National Product) 人均国民生产总值per capita GNP 产值output value 鼓励give incentive to 投入input 宏观控制exercise macro-control 优化经济结构optimize the economic structure 输入活力bring vigor into 改善经济环境improve economic environment 整顿经济秩序rectify economic order 有效地控制通货膨胀effectively control inflation 非公有成分non-public sectors 主要成分dominant sector 实在的tangible 全体会议plenary session 解放生产力liberate/unshackle/release the productive forces 举措move 实事求是seek truth from facts 引进、输入importation 精华、精粹、实质quintessence 家庭联产责任承包制family-contract responsibility system
搞活企业invigorate enterprises 商品经济commodity economy 基石cornerstone 零售retail 发电量electric energy production 人均收入per capita income 使负担be saddled with 营业发达的公司going concerns 被兼并或挤掉annexed or forced out of business 善于接受的receptive 增额、增值、增长increment 发展过快excessive growth 抽样调查data from the sample survey 扣除物价上涨部分price increase are deducted(excluded) 实际增长率actual growth rate 国际收支international balance of payments 流通制度circulation system 总工资total wages 分配形式forms of distribution 风险资金risk funds 管理不善poor management
关于政治的英文词汇
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constitution 宪法legislation立法Democrats民主党Republicans共和Amendment修正案Congress美国国 Senate 参议院 House of Representatives 众议院monarchy 君主制 anarchism 无政府主义 federal system 联邦制 presidential system 总统制municipal 市的，市政的metropolitan 大都市的 centralized 中央集权的 ideology 意识形态 tariff 关税 immigrant 移民 institutionalize 机构化 election 选举 veto 否决 poll 投票，投票数，民意测验office holding 任职 American Revolution美国革命/独立战争 Independence War 美国独立战争American Civil War 美国内战 radical 激进的,根本的overturning 颠覆性的 independent 独立的 breathtaking 激动人心的 military 军事的 colonize 拓殖，殖民 percapita 人均 treason 叛国 c onspiracy 阴谋 imprisonment 监禁 release 释放 pardon 特赦 accusation 遣责，指控 welfare 福利 patronage 资助，赞助 unionization 联合，结合 attache [法语] 随行人员 glasnost [俄语] 公开性；开放 jujitsu [日语] 柔术 karate [日语] 空手道 laissez-faire [法语] 自由主义 Lebensraum [德语] 生存空间 per annum [拉丁语] 每年 rapport [法语] 和睦；友好 rendezvous [法语] 约会(地点) sumo [日语相扑 karaoke; judo; per capita; tai chi chuan; Big Apple (大苹果)美国纽约市 Big Board (纽约证券交易所的大行情 板)纽约证券所／纽约股市 Broadway (百老汇大街)美国或纽约市 商业性戏剧(业) City of Angels (天使城)洛杉矶 City of Brotherly Love (博爱城)费 城 City by the Golden Gate (金门城)旧金 山市 Crescent City (新月城)新奥尔良市 Dice City (赌城)(美国以夜总会和赌场 著称的)拉斯韦加斯市 Empire State (帝国州)纽约州 Fun City (逍遥城)纽约市 Golden State (黄金州)加利福尼亚州 Hollywood (好莱坞)美国电影业；美国 电影界 Hub of the Universe(宇宙中心)波士顿 市 Madison Avenue( 美国广告业中心)麦 迪逊大街美国广告业／美国商业 Mother of Presidents (总统之母)美国 弗吉尼亚州或俄亥俄州 Steel City (钢城)匹兹堡市 1
实用英语：政治经济常用词汇英译 保险业The insurance industry 保证重点支出Ensure funding for priority areas 补发拖欠的养老金Clear up pension payments in arrears 不良贷款Non-performing loan 层层转包和违法分保Multi-level contracting and illegal subcontracting 城乡信用社Credit Cooperative in both urban and rural areas 城镇居民最低生活保障A minimum standard of living for city residents 城镇职工医疗保险制度The system of medical insurance for urban workers 出口信贷Export credit 贷款质量Loan quality 贷款质量五级分类办法The five-category assets classification for bank loans 防范和化解金融风险Take precautions against and reduce financial risks
防洪工程Flood-prevention project 非法外汇交易Illegal foreign exchange transaction 非贸易收汇Foreign exchange earnings through non trade channels 非银行金融机构Non-bank financial institutions 费改税Transform administrative fees into taxes 跟踪审计Follow-up auditing 工程监理制度The monitoring system for projects 国有资产安全The safety of state-owned assets 过度开垦Excess reclamation 合同管理制度The contract system for governing projects 机电产品Electromechanical products 积极的财政政策Pro-active fiscal policy 基本生活费Basic allowances 结售汇制度The system of exchange settlement and sales 解除劳动关系Sever labor relations 金融监管责任制The responsibility system for financial supervision 经济安全Economic security 靠扩大财政赤字搞建设To increase the deficit to spend
常见经济学常用词汇 economist 经济学家 socialist economy 社会主义经济 capitalist economy 资本主义经济 collective economy 集体经济 planned economy 计划经济 controlled economy 管制经济 rural economics 农村经济 liberal economy 自由经济 mixed economy 混合经济 political economy 政治经济学 protectionism 保护主义 autarchy 闭关自守 primary sector 初级成分 private sector 私营成分,私营部门 public sector 公共部门,公共成分 economic channels 经济渠道 economic balance 经济平衡 更多词汇 1、General terms 一般术语 economist 经济学家 socialist economy 社会主义经济capitalist economy 资本主义经济collective economy 集体经济 planned economy 计划经济 controlled economy 管制经济rural economics 农村经济 liberal economy 自由经济 mixed economy 混合经济political economy 政治经济学 protectionism 保护主义 autarchy 闭关自守 primary sector 初级成分 private sector 私营成分,私营部门public sector 公共部门,公共成分economic channels 经济渠道economic balance 经济平衡economic fluctuation 经济波动economic depression 经济衰退 economic stability 经济稳定 economic policy 经济政
当前常用政治术语的英文翻译 作者：夜孔守望| 来源：沪江博客 新民主主义革命new-democratic revolution 民族独立和人民解放national independence and the liberation of the people 经济体制改革和政治体制改革reforms in the economic and political structure 社会主义制度socialist system 社会变革social transformation 建设有中国特色的社会主义事业the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics 中华民族的伟大复兴the gre at rejuvenation of the Chinese nation 党在社会主义初级阶段的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领the basic theory, line and program of our Party in the primary stage of socialism 改革开放政策the policies of reform and opening to the outside
中国共产党十一届三中全会The Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China 马克思主义政党Marxist political Party 党的第一（第二、第三）代中央领导集体the collective leadership of the Party Central Committee of the first (second\third)generation 人民民主专政the people's democratic dictatorship 国民经济体系national economic system 综合国力aggregate national strength 国内生产总值the annual gross domestic product(GDP) 独立自主的和平外交政策an independent foreign policy of peace 马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合the fundamental principles of Marxism with the specific situation in China 加强和改进党的建设，不断增强党的创造力、凝聚力和战斗力，永葆党的生机与活力strengthen and improve Party building, continuously enhance the creativity, rallying power and combat capability of the Party, and always maintain its vigor and vitality. “三个代表”就是必须代表中国先进生产力的发展要求，代表中国先进文化的前进方向，代表中国最广大人民的根本利益，是我们党的立党之本、执政之基、力量之源，是我们党始终站在时代前列，保持先进性的根本体现和根本要求。
经济学专业必备英语词汇 A accounting 会计 accounting cost 会计成本 accounting profit 会计利润 adverse selection 逆向选择 allocation 配置allocation of resources 资源配置 allocative efficiency 配置效率antitrust legislation 反托拉斯法arc elasticity 弧弹性 assumption 假设asymmetric information 非对称性信息 average 平均 average cost 平均成本 average cost pricing 平均成本定价法average fixed cost 平均固定成本average product of capital 资本平均产量average product of labour 劳动平均产量average revenue 平均收益 average total cost 平均总成本 average variable cost 平均可变成本 ###StudyGet_Info_Pagination_SIGN### B barriers to entry 进入壁垒
base year 基年 bilateral monopoly 双边垄断 benefit 收益 black market 黑市 bliss point 极乐点 boundary point 边界点 break even point 收支相抵点 budget 预算 budget constraint 预算约束 budget line 预算线 budget set 预算集 ###StudyGet_Info_Pagination_SIGN### C capital 资本 capital stock 资本存量 capital output ratio 资本产出比率capitalism 资本主义 cardinal utility theory 基数效用论cartel 卡特尔
马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、江泽民“三个代表”重要思想Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiao-ping Theory, Jiang Zemin “Three Represent’s” important Thought 新民主主义革命new-democratic revolution 民族独立和人民解放national independence and the liberation of the people 经济体制改革和政治体制改革reforms in the economic and political structure 社会主义制度socialist system 社会变革social transformation 建设有中国特色的社会主义事业the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics 中华民族的伟大复兴the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation 党在社会主义初级阶段的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领the basic theory, line and program of our Party in the primary stage of socialism 改革开放政策the policies of reform and opening to the outside 中国共产党十一届三中全会The Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China 马克思主义政党Marxist political Party 党的第一（第二、第三）代中央领导集体the collective leadership of the Party Central Committee of the first (second\third)generation 人民民主专政the people’s democratic dictatorship 国民经济体系national economic system 综合国力aggregate national strength 国内生产总值the annual gross domestic product(GDP) 独立自主的和平外交政策an independent foreign policy of peace 马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合the fundamental principles of Marxism with the specific situation in China 加强和改进党的建设，不断增强党的创造力、凝聚力和战斗力，永葆党的生机与活力strengthen and improve Party building, continuously enhance the creativity, rallying power and
汉译英政治经济词汇 [雅健] 2011-08-29 14:55:39 A 安排城市新增劳动力就业Jobs have been created for the increased workforce in cities. 安排人民生活to ensure that the daily needs of the people are met 按比例on pro rata basis; in proportion to 按净产值计算的工业全员劳动率the productivity of the entire workforce in industrial enterprise, calculate on the basis of net output value 按劳分配制度Distribution according to work; the principle of “to each according to his work” 按面值全部缴清的股票Shares paid fully at face value 肮脏工业（污染环境的工业，赌博业等）“sin” industry B 八国联军the Eight-Power Allied Forces 巴黎俱乐部the Paris Club 巴塞尔委员会the Basle Committee 把按劳动分配和按生产要素分配结合起来to combine remuneration according to work with remuneration according to factors of production 把二者割裂，对立起来separating the two and then setting them against each other 把改革的力度、发展的速度和社会可以承受的程度统一起来give full consideration to the intensity of reform, pace of development and people’s ability to sustain them 把各方面的积极性引导好，保护好，发挥好to guide, protect and tap the initiative of all quarters of society properly 把企业推向市场to expose enterprises to market; increase the responsiveness of enterprises to market forces 把握正确的舆论导向to properly guide the public opinion 把眼光放远一些to subordinate immediate interests to the long-term ones; to be farsighted; have a broad view 把已经确定的方针政策措施落到实处to get the set principles, policies and measures implemented 白条an IOU 百花齐放、百家争鸣let a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend 百年不遇once-in-a-century 百业待举Much remains to be done. 摆门面to put up an impressive front 摆脱思想上和体制上的禁锢to shake off ideological and structural shackles 摆脱债务问题Extricate oneself from debt problems; free oneself from debt problems 拜金主义money worship 版权收入Royalties 办事高效、运转协调、行为规范的行政管理体系a highly efficient, well-coordinated and standardized administrative system 帮助企业分离社会职能to help enterprises divest themselves of social functions 包干Contract for; on a contract basis 包干体制the contract responsibity system under which an enterprise turns over a fixed amount of tax and profits to the state
2021考研英语：经济学专业的600个词汇整理(20) 考研英语备考很多事情都要提上日程了，看看哪些是该注意的，下面由我为你精心准备了“2021考研英语：经济学专业的600个词汇整理(20)”，持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯! 2021考研英语：经济学专业的600个词汇整理(20) 381、Equilibrium，competitive 竞争均衡 见竟争均衡(competitive equilibrium)。 382、Equilibrium，general 一般均衡 见一般均衡分析(general-equilibrium analysis) 383、Equilibrium，macroeconomic 宏观经济均衡 意愿总需求等于意愿总供给的GDP水平。在均衡时，意愿的消费(C)，政府支出(G)，投资(I)和净出口(X)的总量正好等于在当前价格水平下企业所愿意出售的总量。 384、Equimarginal principle 等边际法则 决定收入在不同消费品之间分配的法则。消费者可按此法则选择消费组合，使花费在所有商品和服务上的每一美元的边际效用都相等，就能保证消费者所获得的效用最大化。 385、Exchange rate 汇率 见外汇汇率(foreign exchange rate) 386、Exchange-rate system 汇率制度 国家之间进行支付时所依据的一组规则、安排和制度。历史上最重要的汇率制度是金本位制、布雷顿森林体系和现在的浮动汇率制。 387、Excise tax vs. sales tax 消费税和销售税 消费税是对某种或某组商品，如酒和烟草的购买所课征的税。销售税是对除少数特定商品(如食品)以外的所有商品所课征的税。
政治篇： 多元文化论 cultural pluralism 文化适应 acculturation 社会保障 social security 班车 shuttle bus 相定迁户 a relocated unit or household 大龄青年 single youth above the normal matrimonial age 独生子女 the only child in a family 单亲 single parent 福利彩票 welfare lotteries 家政服务 household management service 民工 migrant laborers 名人 celebrity 农村剩余劳动力 surplus rural labor/laborers 青春期 puberty 全民健身运动 nationwide fitness campaign 全国人口普查 nationwide census 社会保险 social insurance 暂住证 temporary residence permit/card 青少年犯罪 juvenile delinquency 性骚扰 sexual harassment 走私 smuggling 性歧视 gender/sexual discrimination 年龄歧视 age discrimination 工作歧视 job discrimination 享乐主义hedonism 文盲 illiteracy 贫富分化 disparity between the rich and the poor 盗版 pirated/illegal copies 一国两制 One Country, Two Systems 三个代表 the Three Represents Theory 两会(人大、政协)Two Conferences (NPC and CPPCC) 南南合作 South-South Cooperation 南北对话 North-South Dialog 人大常委会 People’s Congress Standing Committee 法制观念 awareness of law 法制国家 a country with an adequate legal system 改革开放 reform and opening-up 公务员 civil servants 官僚主义作风 the bureaucratic style of work 和谐并存 harmonious coexistence 计划生育 family planning 计划生育基本国策 the basic state policy of family planning 4青才申文明建设 the construction of spiritual civilization 居委会 neighborhood committee 科教兴国 national rejuvenation through science and education 可持续发展 sustainable development 廉洁高效 honesty and high efficiency 两岸关系 cross-straits relations 两岸谈判 cross-straits negotiations 领土完整 territorial integrity 民族精神 national spirit 普选制 general election system 求同存异 seek common groundwhile shelving differences 人大代表NPC member 物质文明和精神文明 material and spiritual civilization 小康社会 a well-off society 小康水平 a well-off standard 一个中国原则 the one-China principle 与时俱进 keep pace with the times 综合国力 overall national strength 共同愿望common desire “走出去”(战略)going global 不结盟 non-alignment 单边主义 unilateralism 多边政策 multilateralism 多极世界 multipolar world 人口老龄化 aging of population 人口出生率birth rate 社区月服务 community service 道德法庭 court of ethics 盗用公款embezzlement 成人夜校 night school for adults 在职进修班 on-job training courses 政治思想教育 political and ideological education