雅思大作文-----主体段的论证方法
对于考生来说，对于某一话题说出一两个分论点并不是难点，而对这些分论点进行论述的展开部分（extend and support main ideas) 却是一个必修的部分。
在议论文中常用的论证方法主要有四种。
一，举例论证法
二，因果论证法
三，对比论证法
四，反证法
一，举例论证法
例如，你想证明一个事情的坏处，可以把这些坏处罗列出来。
However, there are certainly dangers in taking time off at that important age. Young adults may end up never return to their studies or finding it difficult to re-adapt to an academic environment. They may think that it is better to continue a particular job or perhaps they may do something completely different from a university courses.
常用引导词
for example,
for instance,
...as follows
such as
that is to say
just as
including
in particular,
to be specific,
练习1：
Only under the supervision of a teacher can students study effectively.
To be specific, a teacher always tries to draw students' attention during class and assign them homework to do after school. Generally teachers keep in touch with the parents in order to ensure that proper learning is taking place.
练习2：
请用举例论证法拓展以下提纲中的convenient
distance-learning programme:
1. convenient
2. cheap
(不但可以具体说明如何便利，还可以把受益的人群具体化）
Students do not need to travel to school or attend classes at a fixed time if they register a distance-learning programme. This convenience means much to some group of people with special need to get education, such as full-time workers who are busy with working, mothers who have to take care of their babies, disabled people or those who admire to access a foreign university but cannot leave their homeland.
练习3：
请用举例论证拓展“大学通过各种活动来发展学生的各种综合能力”
In addition to academic knowledge, a university is supposed to equip students with many other skills, including leadership and organizing skills developed by working for students' union, cooperation and social skills gained through participating in various clubs in campus.
雅思写作的论证方法 一方面，对于绝大多数考生而言，完成议论文正文的论证部分并不容易：他们的作文明显表现出论证单薄﹑内容空洞等问题。另一方面，写作的评分标准中有两项针对考生论证实力的检测，分别为写作任务的完成度和表达的连贯统一性。因此，如何全面掌握和正确使用各种论证方法是考生写作备考中亟待解决的问题。接下来介绍一些议论文的主要论证方法以及考生应该如何使用这些方法。 一．举例论证 举例论证是最有利于增强论述的可靠性与说服力的方法，同时，也是考官建议考生使用的。在雅思考题下方总会有这样一句话：“Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.” 1. 常见表达方式 ①关联词 优势：关联词能够较为方便的引出例子，主要是因为用这种方法引出的例子多是独立的句子，语法上的束缚少些。 关联词：as a proof, as an illustration, as an example, for example, for instance, in particular, just as, namely, specifically, to illustrate, to demonstrate. ②句型 优势：句型引出例子，能够保证表达的书面度与学术性。但是在使用时，考生需要特别注意语法正确。 句型：A good case in point is that …. A typical example can be found in …. Take … for example. …, which may include …. 2. 使用注意事项 ①选择典型的例子
1.依靠：dependon=relyon 2.导致：leadto=cause=resultin 3.源于：resultfrom=stemfrom 4.使用：use=apply 5.利用：takeadvantageof=makeuseof 6.带来：bring=provide=offer=supply 7.努力做：makemosteffortsto=workhardto=striveto 8.花时间做：spendtime/money/energy/lifeonsth/doingsth 9.专注于：focuson=payattentionto=concentrateto 10.分心/打扰： distractsbfromsth=disturbsb/sth=interruptsb/sth=obsesssbwithsthdistraction=diver sion=disturbance 11.起到作用：servetodo=playarole in doing = have a function to do = make a contribution to (对……做出贡献) 12.目的是：attempt to do = have an intention to do/of = have a purpose to do/of = have an objective to do/of = aim at doing/sth 13.为了：in order to do = for the purpose of doing/sth = with the view of doing/sth 14.有利于：bring benefits to = be benefitial to = bring advantages to 15.有害于：bring harms to = damage sth = ruin sth = undermine sth = be harmful to/for = be detrimental to/for 16.威胁到：endanger sb/sth = risk sb/sth = threaten sb/sth = place sb/sth into the danger/risk/threat 17.影响：have (positive/negative) effects/influence/impacts on sth 18.强调：stress = emphasize 19.忽略：ignore = neglect = overlook 20.联系：connect to/with = communicate with = contact to/with = have an access to = associate with(和……相关) 21.处理：deal with = cope with = handle = tackle 22.避免/预防/远离：keep A from B = prevent A from B = A avoid B = A refrain from B = A be away from B
雅思G类大作文话题范文：教育话题 Evaluation of teachers You should spend about 40 minutes onthis task. Some people think that high schoolstudents should be given the freedom to evaluate and even criticize theirteachers, while others claim that this practice will disrupt the order inclassroom and lead to disrespect for teachers. What is your opinion? Write at least 250 words. Education: Sample Introduction Whether high school students should begiven the freedom to evaluate and criticize their teachers is a challengingissue in education. Some people support this practice while others believe thatit will be hard for the teachers to maintain classroom order and gain students’respect. Personally, I agree to the latter opinion, which is based on thefollowing three reasons. Main Body 1 First of all, it is difficult for highschool students to adopt a completely objective attitude towards their teacherswhen they are
作文范文之雅思小作文真题
雅思小作文真题 【篇一：雅思作文题目汇总】 一、教育 1、教育应该包括哪些内容？ 母题：it is generally believed that education is of vital importance to the development of individuals and the well-being of societies. what should education consist of to fulfil both these functions? (050312) 提示：本题围绕教育的两大功能来展开（个人与社会），准备好这篇文章，即可应付教育类话题中的最大分支—教育的功能，做到以不变应万变。对于社会角度，可以从促进经济发展、增加社会流动性(social mobility)、维护社会稳定这几个方面来展开，对于个人，可以写改变思维模式、有利于就业和便利生活来写。 子题：大学应当教授理论知识还是实践技能？大学的是应当把学生培养成合格的公民还是让他们自己得益？准备未来职业最好的方法是上大学还是尽快离校积累工作经验？大学要不要扩招？中学阶段应当提供通才教育还是专才教育？要不要延长义务教育年限？要不要让农村地区的学生更容易上学？老师要教学生如何判断是非吗？ 2、学校的科目谁来选择？(060916) 母题：some people think that the government should decide which subjects students should study at the university, while others think that students should be allowed to apply for the subject they prefer. discuss the two views and give your opinion. 提示：这类题目采取的策略就是“双批判”，因为题目中提供的两种选择往往都是错误的。
雅思大作文-----主体段的论证方法 对于考生来说，对于某一话题说出一两个分论点并不是难点，而对这些分论点进行论述的展开部分（extend and support main ideas) 却是一个必修的部分。 在议论文中常用的论证方法主要有四种。 一，举例论证法 二，因果论证法 三，对比论证法 四，反证法 一，举例论证法 例如，你想证明一个事情的坏处，可以把这些坏处罗列出来。 However, there are certainly dangers in taking time off at that important age. Young adults may end up never return to their studies or finding it difficult to re-adapt to an academic environment. They may think that it is better to continue a particular job or perhaps they may do something completely different from a university courses. 常用引导词 for example, for instance, ...as follows such as that is to say just as including in particular, to be specific, 练习1： Only under the supervision of a teacher can students study effectively. To be specific, a teacher always tries to draw students' attention during class and assign them homework to do after school. Generally teachers keep in touch with the parents in order to ensure that proper learning is taking place.
在雅思写作的四大评分标准当中，连贯性与衔接性是其中的一项评分标准，连贯性与衔接性其中一方面就是用连接手段（即连接词）来实现的。连接词本身是非常繁琐的知识，在教授连接词时也会遇到很多困难，那么学连接词首先把连接词词性掌握并掌握各词性的用法，学连接词就简便得多。朗阁海外考试研究中心分析认为，连接词大体可分为四种词性：连词，副词，介词和短语，它们各自的用法又不一样。 连词 如but, and,后接句子，连接并列句时前面逗号可有可无。当然连词也可放句首，这一点在考官范文里有很多体现。 例：In the past, populations were partly regulated by frequent war and widespread disease, but in recent years the effects of those factors have been diminished. (并列句中的连词) 段落开始：But how should it be achieved ( 连词放句首) 介词 如before, despite：后接名词或动名词 例：Before talking about the essential role of death penalty, you have to think about the meaning, and the purpose, of any kind of punishment. 副词 副词连接并列句，前面用句号或分号，后面用逗号（当然，如果副词前用句号，那就是另起一句了，不称之为并列句） 例：In many places today, children start primary school at around the age of six or seven. However, because it is more likely now that both parents work, there is little opportunities for children to stay in their own home up to that age.( 副词另起一句) The crime rate is increasingly high; therefore, the government needs to enforce more laws to curb this situation. ( 副词在并列句中) 短语 如on the contrary, in addition：用法和副词用法完全一样 例：They feel this is one area of life where they have the right to make decisions for themselves. For that reason, it would seem that the best approach would be work by persuasion rather than compulsion. The government plays a crucial role in scientific research; on the other hand, private companies hold certain advantages in conducting scientific research. ( 短语在并列句中) 掌握连接词的四大词性及用法以后，连接词的教学和运用就容易展开。我们可以参看考官范文，看看各类关系的时候考官如何使用连接词，使文章凸显出来。 因果关系 根据词性及用法可归结于: because / since/ as / for, so (连词), because of/ due to / owing to/ as a result of (介词) for that reason/as a result/ therefore/ accordingly (短语和副词) 例：I think the amount of waste produced is also as a result of our tendency to use sth once and throw it away. （可代替词汇because of/ due to / owing to）
6分作文的评分标准 ? addresses all parts of the task although some parts may be more fully covered than others ? presents a relevant position although the conclusions may become unclear or repetitive ? presents relevant main ideas but some may be inadequately developed/unclear ? arranges information and ideas coherently and there is a clear overall progression ?uses cohesive devices effectively, but cohesion within and/or between sentences may be faulty or mechanical ? may not always use referencing clearly or appropriately; ? uses paragraphing, but not always logically ? uses an adequate range of vocabulary for the task ? attempts to use less common vocabulary but with some inaccuracy ? makes some errors in spelling and/or word formation, but they do not impede communication ? uses a mix of simple and complex sentence forms ? makes some errors in grammar and punctuation but they rarely reduce communication 雅思大作文话题之教育类 Some people think schools should only teach students academic subjects. Others think schools should also teach students how to discriminate between right and wrong. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. 3 Some employers think that formal academic qualifications are more important than life experiences and personal qualities when they look for an employee. Why is it the case? Is it a positive or negative development? Schools should concentrate on teaching students the academic subjects that will be useful for their future careers. Subjects such as music and sports are not useful. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 2 Some people think children should obey the rules set by their parents and teachers set, but others think that less control will help children to deal with their future adult life. Discuss both views and give your opinion. 2 Some people think students should go to boarding schools instead of living at home. Do you agree or disagree? 2
解读雅思大作文之问题解决类论证方法 在雅思写作中我相信，考生在遇到问题解决类题目时，如果只是想到原因，却提不出任何解决策略，那么这篇文章即使有了大体结构也终会散架。今天，前程百利小编为大家解读如何论证解读雅思大作文中的问题解决类题目。 问题解决类常见论证方法有两种，大体框架为：问题+原因+措施。 第一种段落框架： 第一段：背景句+引出话题 第二段：原因1+措施1 第三段：原因2+措施2….可以有更多段落 第四段：总结建议+预测 第二种段落框架： 第一段：背景句+引出话题 第二段：原因1;原因2;原因3 第三段：措施1;措施2;措施3….可以有更多段落 第四段：总结建议+预测 第一种结构条理较为清晰，提出原因后紧随着解决措施，而第二种是提出全部原因后再提出各自的解决方法。如果考生逻辑性不强的话，很容易混淆。因此，考生要
结合自身实际情况采取不同的写作方法。 备考雅思大作文之问题解决类需要考生在平时多积累一些相关素材，以免在考试中没有思路，无从下手。 接下来就让我们来练一练吧！ 例：It is said that people’s life now is becoming more and more stressful. What are the causes and how to solve it? 题目中的关键词为stressful。不管是学生还是职场人，或多或少都会有一定的压力，这就要看我们在面对压力的时候如何解决了。 因此，我们可以从以下角度去考虑原因以及解决策略。 Causes： 1. people's living rhythm has been promoted 2. social competition deprives their spare time 3. people have to shoulder the responsibility Solutions: 1. go in for some sports games 2. communicate with others frequently 3. find a balance between money and health
雅思大作文常用词汇替换 大家都知道，写雅思作文的时候有个很大的问题就是腹中纵有千言万语，表达出来却都是小学词语。词汇量是拦路虎，但是要克服它却不是一朝一夕的事情。怎么办呢，最高效的办法就是背诵老师们精挑细选出来的常用替换词语了。下面的单词是我们单词系列里的第一部分，针对所有话题的大总结，也是最最常用的。每组里第一个单词是大家最常用的，后面的单词是它的替换词。需要注意的是，每个词的意思还是有小小的区别与常见的搭配，这点也是我给班上的学生讲解的重点，自己备考的同学可以通过查字典和例句来体会这些单词用法的区别。 1.people n. individuals, men, human beings, humanity 2.solve v. resolve, tackle, address, deal with 3.reason n. cause, 4.destroy v. ruin, devastate, harm(伤害), 5.influence, n. effect, impact v. affect 6.dangers n. hazards, perils 7.obvious adj. apparent, evident, manifest 8.good adj. beneficial, positive, meaningful, desirable, 9.bad adj. harmful, negative, baneful 10.famous adj. well-known, prominent, eminent, fame n., reputation n. 11.big adj. huge, vast, enormous, tremendous, immense 12.main adj. major, dominant, predominant, 13.poor adj. deprived, impoverished, poverty n. 14.rich adj. well-off, wealthy, affluent, prosperous +country/economy 15.enough adj. sufficient, adequate, abundant 16. a lot of, a host of, a great deal of +可数/不可数名词 a vast number of +可数 a large amount of + 不可数提示: great, vast, large可以互换位置 17.advantage n. benefit, merit, strong point 18.disadvantage n. drawback, weakness, weak point 19.improve v. enhance, boost, promote, augment, 20.claim v. argue, insist, assert, 21.agree with v. conform to, accord with 22.disagree with v. oppose to, be against 23.ban v. forbid, prohibit prohibition n. 24.obstruct v. hinder, impede obstruction n. obstacle barrier
雅思作文环境类作文 Company number：【WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998】
2014年7月26日雅思写作解析与范文（环境话题） 题目：Some people think that environmental problems are too big for individuals to solve. Others, however, believe that these problems cannot be solved if individuals do not take actions. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. 解析： 环境话题是雅思考试每年的必考题，今年更是多次考到。这类话题主要涉及能源、资源和生态环境。7月26号这个题目也算是环境话题里的老题目了。前几年曾经多次出现这个题目。 保护环境当然是每个人的责任，只不过政府的责任更大。本文的主体段第一段是写得个人力量有限，主要靠政府的法律和行政权力（legal and administrative power），以及企业的财力和技术。举了几个例子，比如政府颁布法律（enact strict laws），惩罚排放污水（discharge waste water）的企业，开发新技术等等，这些都是个人力量无法做到的。 主体第二段写得是个人可以为保护环境做一些事情，仍然采用举例论证，比如节约用水，减少开车。这些都是individuals可以做的事情，都可以节约资源，改善城市空气质量。这些素材在之前的环境类话题中也多次写到过。 最后一段进行总结。政府、个人，包括全社会的每一个成员都应该参与保护环境。There is no doubt human society is faced with serious environmental problems and immediate measures should be taken to solve these problems. However, what role ordinary people should play in environmental protection is a topic of debate. Some people think that the power of the individual is too small and the solution to environmental problems lies with the government and large enterprises. If the government can use legal and administrative power to curb environmental pollution, the effect would be significant. For example, it is common practice for some factories to discharge waste water into the river. If the government could enact strict laws to punish these factories, this kind of irresponsible behavior would be reduced.
雅思大作文范文：城市交通问题 这是雅思大作文范文《城市交通问题》，供大家阅读参考。认真研读一定的雅思范文及作文模板可以帮助我们检验自己的写作水平，并能很好地吸收和应用优秀范文里的优秀内容。 In most parts of the world, the volume of traffic is growing at an alarming rate. In the form of an assignment, discuss about the main traffic problems in your country, their causes and possible solutions. The progress of transport industry is inevitable and undeniable. What is under controversy is whether the volume of traffic is growing at an alarming rate. To be frank, I am in high favor that we are well aware of the traffic problem. In my point of view, a possible cause of the problem is that we lack the infrastructure construction. Also the overpopulation is the cause of this problem, especially in China. Although the growth of the transport is rapid, it still can not meet the increasing needs of people. Furthermore, people abuse the private cars to take public transport instead, which caused more cars put into use. Lastly, individuals are also responsible for this problem. People are lacking in consciousness and awareness for
同意与否文体There is no denying that the specific issue of sth./ 或接whether 从句has become controversial.However, in spite of those who are against/ for …, I approve whole heartedly of/ 或I strongly object to the idea that … Those who hold negative/ positive attitude towards … believe that … may exert adverse/ significant effect on us.… is always top of the list of their argument.For example,… (请用举例子的方法解释).Besides, those critics/ advocates also claim that … （此处写第二个原因）for the reason that …. It is often the ca se that …(此处总结上段反方提出的几个观点)。But when it comes to …, …, and …,(此处先总结写你所支持的几个理由)，an increasing number of people including me are convinced that ...For one thing, …。The evidence recently presented in research journals available to the public confirms that …此处写调查结果，通过数字来证明自己所列举的理由1。Similarly,… should also deserve our special attention.In other words, …(换种说法解释)。If…not,..(反过来在说一遍)。Last but not least, … Obviously, it is hard for both sides to come to an agreement on this complicated issue, but I still commit to the notion that …(再重申你的立场)。2 Agree or disagree （两边分）Introduction Recent years have witnessed …………………（背景）which has aroused a heated ，debate of whether …………….（把要讨论的话题引入进来）Views on this issue vary from person to person. From my point of view, before airing my own opinion, I do think it’s necessary to analyze / explore this thorny issue from different angles /
Make sense 合理In today’s media, some reports simply do not make any sense. Interestingly, people just keep listening to or reading them. Make up for 弥补To the master, no amount of money can make up for the death of a pet. Opt for sth./ opt to do sth. 选择（去做某事）Due to the stiff competition at work, an increasing number of people have opted for early retirement. Participate in 参与Parents should encourage their children to participate in group discussions as that will make children more co-operative individuals. Refrain from 克制（不去做某事）It would be difficult for children to refrain from playing a video game once they get addicted to it. Differ from 与…不同This product differs from other products in cost and performance.
雅思大作文高分范文教育类 导读：我根据大家的需要整理了一份关于《雅思大作文高分范文教育类》的内容，具体内容：网我为您整理的雅思大作文高分范文，仅供参考，希望考生能从中受到启发，提高自己的雅思写作成绩!雅思大作文高分范文：电脑VS老师It is witnessed that c... 网我为您整理的雅思大作文高分范文，仅供参考，希望考生能从中受到启发，提高自己的雅思写作成绩! 雅思大作文高分范文：电脑VS老师 It is witnessed that computer technology hasbrought human beings uncountable benefits and aneducational revolution seemingly can be expected hence a substitution of teachers in theclassroom. As to discuss this controversial issue, opinions vary from person to person. On the one hand, the teacher plays an important role as a supervisor as well as aconductor in the classroom (topic sentence).It is commonly believed that adolescents are tooyoung to distinguish the good from the bad and they need correct guidance from decentadults; otherwise, they might stray from the right way. Children are always easy to becomeaddicted to computer games, which have too much violent and pornographic propaganda.Without teachers guidance, most children would spend hours playing fascinating games
雅思大作文范文：害怕犯罪不敢出门 本文是雅思大作文范文：害怕犯罪不敢出门，供大家阅读参考。认真研读一定的雅思范文及作文模板可以帮助我们检验自己的写作水平，并能很好地吸收和应用优秀范文里的优秀内容。 Crime is without doubt a huge problem in every country in the world. There are certain countries，cities，towns and districts where the crime rate is extremely high and such places are very dangerous places to be. Without doubt these areas desperately need new government policies and a shift in actions by the police to remedy a desperate situation. These places tend to be areas of high unemployment and poverty. If the focus were placed on finding and creating jobs in these places the crime problem would improve. Instead governments go for easy options such as increasing the lengths of prison sentences. This treats the results of crime，not it's causes. Nevertheless，such places are few and far between. The vast majority of places in the world are perfectly safe places to live. People who are afraid to leave their homes do so largely for two reasons. Firstly，they were unfortunate enough to be victim of a crime. Secondly，and most importantly，they hear about crime everywhere：TV，radio，
雅思议论文中的“三明治”结构 作者：黄志贤 | 来源：朗阁海外考试研究中心 | 时间：2009-10-05 | 335 次 | 字体 [ 大中小 ] [收藏] [划词已启用] 写雅思大作文就如同在建筑一座大楼一般。首先是进行大楼结构设计，然后再进行实际的建筑工程，最后经过装修而成为耐用而漂亮的大楼。良好的结构对于大楼的实用以及美观有着非常重要的作用。同样道理，良好的作文结构也将提高文章的质量和成绩。从一定意义上来说，优秀的作文结构可以使内容条理清晰易懂，还可以弥补语言表达上的不足。 议论文的整体结构 雅思专家认为，一篇好的议论文一般由三个部分构成，分别是导语段（Introduction），主体段落（Body）与总结段（Conclusion）。这个结构很像三明治，其中导语段与总结段就像最上层和最下层的面包，而主体段落为论证段，相对较为重要，就像三明治中间的肉和菜。其结构如下图所示： 通常情况下按照实际的需要，中间的主体部分（Body）又可以分成二到四个段落，其结构图分别如下： (注：*段落视需要而增加) 由于导语段中最重要部分是中心句（Thesis statement），它是全文的立足点，决定文章的发展方向，覆盖全文；段落主题句（Topic sentence）是每一段的重点，覆盖各自所在的段落。因此，我们可以通过思考后得出议论文的中心句（Thesis statement）以及各主体段落主题句（Topic sentence）。此外，为求达到全文的统一性(Unity)和连贯性(Coherence), 考生们应当合理地安排中心句和各段的主题句的关系，使得中心句覆盖全文，使得各段的主题句很好地支持着中心句。如果中心句没有覆盖主题句，说明正文偏题了。如果中心句超过主题句，刚说明内容有遗漏，或者说内容不够全面。中心句各段的主题句的关系情况可由下面三张图表示：