英美文学欣赏知识点100句
1.The work that presented,for the first time in English literature,a comprehensive
realistic picture of the medieval English society and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life is Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales.
首次在英国文学，中世纪英国社会的全面逼真的画面，创造了从各行各业生动的人物整体画廊是杰弗里·乔叟的坎特伯雷故事集。
2. Geoffrey Chaucer is regarded as the father of English poetry.
乔叟被看作是英国诗歌之父。
3. The verse form of heroic couplet was introduced into English poetry and employed in the poem with true ease and charm for the first time in the history of English literature by Geoffrey Chaucer.
3.英雄对联的诗体被引入英国诗歌和诗与真正的轻松和魅力，第一次在英国文学的杰弗里·乔叟的历史就业。
4. The Canterbury Tales presents a whole gallery of vivid characters,the team of pilgrims,people from all walks of life,including 31 members altogether.
4.坎特伯雷故事呈现生动的人物整体画廊，朝圣者的队伍，来自各行各业，其中包括31名成员共有人。
5. Generally,Renaissance refers to the intellectual movement during the period between 14th and mid-17th centuries,its essence was humanism.
5.一般来说，文艺复兴是指智力运动在14和中17世纪之间的时期，它的本质是人文精神。
6. English Renaissance Period was an age of poetry and drama.
6.英国文艺复兴时期的诗歌和戏剧的时代。
7. William Shakespeare’s writing is widely regarded as one of the three main sources of the English literature,while the other two are Greek and Roman myths and the Bible.
7.威廉·莎士比亚的创作被广泛认为是英语文学的三个主要来源之一，而另外两个是希腊罗马神话和圣经。
8. William Shakespeare leaves a great body of literary works to the world,including 37 plays,154 sonnets and 2 narrative poems.
8.莎士比亚叶文学作品到世界各地，包括37部戏剧，154首十四行诗和2叙事诗的巨大的身躯。
9. In reading Shakespeare,you must have come across the line “To be or not to be -- that is the question ”by Hamlet in Hamlet.
9.在读莎士比亚，你一定遇到过线“生存还是毁灭- 这是个问题”哈姆雷特哈姆雷特。
10. “So long as men can breathe,or eyes can see,/So long lives this,and this gives life to thee.”
10.“只要人们能呼吸，或眼睛可以看到，/只要生命这一点，这赋予生命给你。”(Shakespeare,“Sonnet18”)The word “this”refers to poetry.
（莎士比亚，“Sonnet18”）这个词“这”指的是诗歌。
11. Shakespeare’s four great tragedies include Hamlet,King Lear,Othello,and Macbeth,usually considered as some of the finest works in the English language. 11.莎士比亚的四大悲剧哈姆雷特包括，李尔王，奥赛罗，麦克白和，通常被认为
是一些最优秀的作品，在英语。
12. In Romeo and Juliet,Shakespeare’s humanism is evidently seen in his praise of human love and in his defiance of feudal discord.
12.在罗密欧与朱丽叶，莎士比亚的人文主义明显的看出他的人爱的赞美和他的封建不和谐的蔑视。
13. A sonnet is a poem of 14 lines,usually in iambic pentameter,with rhymes arranged according to a certain definite patterns.
13.十四行诗是14号线一首诗，通常在抑扬五音，与按一定的图案明确安排押韵。
14. Francis Bacon’s words,“Some books are to be tasted,others to be swallowed,and some few to be chewed and digested; that is,some books are to be read in parts; others to be read,but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly,and with diligence and attention,”describes the importance of reading,and different ways to deal with different books as well.
14.弗朗西斯·培根的话来说，“有些书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则须咀嚼消化。也就是说，有些书是要读的部分;别人要读，但不奇怪;而少数则须全读，并用勤劳和关注，“描述了阅读的重要性，以及不同的方式来处理不同的书籍为好。
15. The Glorious Revolution in 1688 meant the supremacy of Parliament, the beginning of modern England and the triumph of the principle of political liberty. 15.光荣革命在1688年议会的意思，现代英国的开头和政治自由的原则，胜利至上。
16. Metaphysical poetry refers to the works of the 17th-century writers who wrote
under the influence of John Donne,with the general theme of carpe diem.
16.形而上学诗指的是17世纪的作家谁约翰·多恩的影响下写的，有及时行乐的总主题的作品。
17. John Donne in his poem “The Flea”claim that killing the lover,the flea and thus committing sacrilege constitute“three sins”.
17.约翰·多恩在他的诗“跳蚤”声称，杀死情人，跳蚤因此犯下亵渎构成“三宗罪”。
18. Epic is a long verse narrative on a serious subject, told in a formal and elevated style,and centered on a heroic or quasi-divine figure on whose actions depends the fate of a tribe, nation or the human race.
18.史诗是一个严肃的话题很长的叙事诗，告诉在正式和高架的风格，并集中于一个英雄或半神的人物，他们的行动取决于一个部落，民族或人类的命运。
19. Enlighteners believed that freedom,democracy,and reason are the primary values of society.
19.启蒙认为，自由，民主和理性是社会的基本价值观。
20. In Robinson Crusoe,Defoe traces the growth of Robinson from a naive&simple youth into a mature&hardened man,tempered by numerous trials in his 28 years of living on an isolated island.
20.鲁宾逊漂流记，迪福痕迹罗宾逊的增长从一个天真和简单的青年到一个成熟和硬化的男人，被无数的试验中在28年生活在一个孤岛的锻炼。
21. In Robinson Crusoe,the hero Crusoe teaches a slave name Friday to speak English and believe in God and eat like a civilized man.
21.鲁宾逊漂流记，主人公鲁滨逊教一个从属名称周五说英语，相信上帝和吃的像一个文明人。
22. The revolutionary enthusiasm of the bourgeois revolution and the bitter hatred for the despotic ruler are best shown in the works of John Milton.
22.资产阶级革命和痛恨的专制统治者的革命热情是最好的显示在约翰弥尔顿的作品。
23. Gulliver’s Travels written by Jonathan Swift is one of the most effective and devastating criticism and satires of all aspects of the English and European life of the time.
格列佛游记写的乔纳森·斯威夫特是最有效和最破坏性的批评和英语和时间欧洲生活的方方面面讽刺之一。
24. According to Swift,Gulliver made voyages to Lilliput,Brobdingag,Laputa,the Country of the Houyhnhnms,etc.
据斯威夫特，格列佛作出航行到小人国，Brobdingag，天空之城，国Houyhnhnms 的，等等。
25. The 18th century witnessed that in England there appeared two political parties,the Whigs and the Tories,which were satired by Swift in His Gulliver’s Travels.
25.18世纪目睹了在英国似乎有两个政党，辉格党和托利党，这是由斯威夫特在他的格列佛游记satired。
26. Jonathan Swift defines a good style as “proper words in proper places.”
26.乔纳森·斯威夫特的好风格定义为“在适当的地方适当的话。”
27. Jonathan Swift in his“A Modest Proposal”exposes a fact that the English are
devouring the Irish.
27.乔纳森·斯威夫特在他的“一个小小的建议”暴露出一个事实，即英语的吞噬爱尔兰。
28. One of the characteristics of neo-classicism is that reason rather than emotion,and form rather than content are emphasized.
28.一个新古典主义的特点是都强调理性而非情感和形式而不是内容。
29. Paradise Lost is actually a story taken from the Old Testament.
29.失乐园实际上是从旧约采取的一个故事。
30. Romanticism emphasized individual values and aspirations above those of society with its keynote intensity and watchword imagination.
30.浪漫主义强调上述这些社会与基调的强度和口号想象力个人价值观和愿望。
31. Romanticism as a main literary trend prevailed in England during the period of 1798-1832,beginning with the publication of Lyrical Ballads in 1798,ending with Walter Scott’s death in 1832.
31.浪漫主义作为主要文学思潮盛行于英国期间的1798年至1832年期间，于1798年开始与抒情歌谣的出版，与沃尔特·斯科特去世于1832年结束。
32. William Wordsworth,Samuel Taylor Coleridge,and Robert Southey were known as “Lake Poets” because they lived and knew one another in the district of the great lakes in Northwestern England.
32.威廉·华兹华斯，塞缪尔·泰勒·柯勒律治，和罗伯特骚被称为“湖畔诗人”，是因为他们生活和在英格兰西北部的大湖地区认识彼此。
33. William Wordsworth was a major English Romantic poet who, with Samuel Taylor
Coleridge,helped to launch the Romantic Age in English literature with their joint publication Lyrical Ballads(1798).
33.威廉·华兹华斯是一个重大的英国浪漫主义诗人谁，与塞缪尔·泰勒·柯勒律治，帮助启动在英国文学的浪漫主义时代与他们联合出版抒情歌谣集（1798）。
34. As a worshipper of nature,William Wordsworth’s famous poems include“I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”,“Tintern Abbey”,and “The Solitary Reaper”. 34.作为大自然的崇拜者，华兹华斯的名诗包括“我孤独地漫游，像一朵云”，“丁登寺”，和“孤独的收割者”。
35. William Wordsworth defines a good poetry as the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings.
35.威廉·华兹华斯定义好的诗歌的强烈情感的自然流露。
36. In“I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”，the poet says “my heart with pleasure fills,/And dances with the daffodils.”
36.“我孤独地漫游，像一朵云”，诗人说：“我的心脏高兴罢了，/和舞蹈的水仙花。”
37. Byron’s influence was manifested by many authors and artists of the Romantic movement during the 19th century and beyond.An example of Byronic hero is Heathcliff from Emily Brontё’s Wuthering Heights.
在19世纪的拜伦的影响，表现为许多作者和浪漫主义运动的艺术家和拜伦式英雄beyond.An例子就是希刺克厉夫从艾米莉Brontё的呼啸山庄。
38. Percy Bysshe Shelley in his poems called on the people to overthrow the rule of tyranny and injustice and prophesied a happy and free life for mankind.
雪莱在他的诗号召人民推翻暴政和不公的规则和预言幸福和自由的生活，为人类。
39. Percy Bysshe Shelley,through the speaker in his“Ode to the West Wind”,imagines himself to be a leaf,a cloud and a wave under the influence of the west wind.
39.雪莱，通过他的“西风颂风”的扬声器，想象自己是一片叶子，云和西部风的影响下，一浪。
40. Frankenstein,by Mary Shelley,was supposed to be the first science fiction in the world.
40.科学怪人，由玛丽·雪莱，被认为是世界上第一科幻小说。
41. Byron and Shelley are usually considered as the Second Generation of the Romantic Movement.
41.拜伦和雪莱通常被认为是第二代的浪漫主义运动。
42. In the poem “Ode to a Nightingale”,Keats identifies himself with the ideal beauty and hopes that the song of the bird will help him to escape from the world of suffering,where“to think is to be full of sorrow”,into the world of eternal happiness.
42.在诗中的“夜莺颂”，济慈认同自己的理想美和希望鸟儿的歌声将帮助他从痛苦，其中“认为是充满悲伤”的世界逃脱，成永恒的幸福的世界。
43. The prose writing of the romantic period was represented by Charles Lamb,William Hazlitt,and Thomas de Quincey.
43.散文写的浪漫主义时期的由查尔斯·兰姆，威廉·黑兹利特，和托马斯·德·昆西表示。
44. John Keats wrote such immortal odes as “Ode to a Nightingale”,“Ode to
Autumn”and“Ode on a Grecian Urn”.
44.约翰·济慈写了这样不朽的赞歌为“夜莺颂”，“咏秋”和“颂希腊古瓮”。
45. Shelley wrote an elegy “Adonis”lamenting the early death of his fellow-poet John Keats.
45.雪莱写了一首挽歌“阿多尼斯”感叹他的同胞诗人济慈的早逝。
46. “Beauty is truth,truth beauty”is from Keats’“Ode on a Grecian Urn”.
46.“美即是真，真美”是济慈的“希腊古瓮颂”。
47. The dominant theme of John Keats’poems is that the world of nature is beautiful,the realm of art and poetry is wonderful,but the human society is full of miseries.
47.约翰·济慈的诗占主导地位的主题是自然的世界是美好的，艺术和诗歌的境界是美好的，但人类社会是充满苦难。
48. Robert Burns collected,edited,restored,and imitated traditional Scottish songs,or wrote verses of his own too traditional tune.Thus,he rescued and preserved he literary heritage.
48.罗伯特·伯恩斯收集，编辑，恢复，模仿传统的苏格兰歌曲，或者写了他自己太传统tune.Thus的诗句，他救出，并保留他的文学遗产。
49. Robert Burns often wrote with light-hearted humor and in Scottish dialect.
49.罗伯特·伯恩斯写道：经常用轻松幽默和苏格兰方言。
50. “Auld lang Syne”,originally a Scottish folksong edited and collect by Robert Burns,was incorporated into the classic Hollywood movie Waterloo Bridge in 1940. 50.“友谊地久天长”，原本是苏格兰民歌编辑和收集由罗伯特·彭斯，被纳入了
经典好莱坞电影的滑铁卢大桥于1940年。
51. Jane Austen’s novels include Northanger Abbey,Sense and Sensibility,Pride and Prejudice,Mansfield Park,Emma and Persuasion.
51.简·奥斯汀的小说包括诺桑觉寺，理智与情感，傲慢与偏见，曼斯菲尔德庄园，爱玛和劝导。
52. Jane Austen,although living and writing in the “age of poetry ”,was an novelist instead.
52.简·奥斯汀，虽然生活与创作中的“诗歌时代”，是一个小说家代替。
53. Pride and Prejudice is about the love and marriage story of five daughters in one family.
53.傲慢与偏见大约是五个女儿一个家庭的爱情和婚姻的故事。
54. Jane Austen wrote six novels all through her life.
54.简·奥斯汀写了六部小说都是通过她的生活。
55. Jane Austen’s novels are mainly about love and marriage,mainly focusing on everyday country life of the upper middle class,and successful in the employment of irony.
55.简·奥斯汀的小说主要是关于爱情和婚姻，主要集中在每天的乡村生活的上层中产阶级，并成功地讽刺的就业。
56. Dances figure prominently in Jane Austen’s novels.Whether performed in public assembly rooms or in private,dances offered social opportunities for young people to mix and mingle and converse in an acceptable fashion.
56.舞蹈占重要地位的简·奥斯汀的novels.Whether公众集会的房间或私下进行的，
舞蹈提供社交机会的年轻人混在一个可以接受的方式和交融相反。
57. Austen sets all of her novels during the Regency Period when the new landed gentry who came into money through commercial enterprise and ascended from the middle class.
57.奥斯汀在摄政时期将所有她的小说的时候，新的乡绅谁走进钱通过商业企业和中产阶层上升。
58. Pride and Prejudice portrays life in the genteel rural society of the day,and tells of the initial misunderstandings and later mutual enlightenment between Elizabeth and the haughty Darcy.
58.傲慢与偏见描绘生活在当天的上流社会的农村社会，并告诉伊丽莎白和达西高傲之间的初始误解和相互后来的启蒙。
59. Austen,employing irony,begins her most famous novel Pride and Prejudice with this sentence “It is a truth universally acknowledged,that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in wan of a wife”.
59.奥斯丁，采用讽刺，开始她最著名的小说傲慢与偏见这句话“这是举世公认的，即一个人拥有一个吉祥的必须在妻子的广域网真”。
60. In the 19th century English literature,a new literary trend,critical realism,appeared,and flourished in the forties and early fifties.
60.在19世纪的英国文学，一个新的文学思潮，批判现实主义，又出现了，盛于四十年代和五十年代初。
61. Jane Austen’s writing,drawing,vivid and realistic pictures of everyday life of the country society in her novels,was consider to be “a fine engraving made upon a little
piece of ivory”.
61.简·奥斯汀的写作，绘画在她的小说中的国家社会的日常生活，生动真实的画面，当时认为是“一个精细雕刻在一小片象牙制成的”。
62. Chronologically,the Victorian Period refers to 1837-1901.
62.按时间顺序，维多利亚时代是指1837-1901。
63. Although writing from different points of vies and with different techniques,writers in the Victorian Period shared one thing in common,that is,they were all concerned about the fate of the common people.
63.虽然从不同的支配权，并与不同的技术写作，作家在维多利亚时代共享一个共同点，那就是他们都关心老百姓的命运。
64. Pip,Estella,Havisham,Magwitch,and Joe Gargery are names of characters from the novel Great Expectations by Charles Dickens.
64.皮普，埃斯特拉，郝薇香，Magwitch，乔Gargery是由查尔斯·狄更斯小说远大前程人物的名字。
65. “Do you think,because I am poor ,obscure,plain,and little,I am soulless and heartless?…And if God had gifted me with some beauty,and much wealth,I should have made it as hard as for you to leave me,as it is now for me to leave you.”The passage is taken from Jane Eyre.
65.“你以为，因为我穷，默默无闻，长相，矮小，我就没有灵魂没有心吗？......如果上帝赐予我一点姿色和充足的财富，我应该做它坚硬如你离开我，就像现在我难于离开你。“话摘自简爱。
66. English critical realism found its expression chiefly in the form of novel.
66.英国批判现实主义小说的形式，发现其表达主要。
67. One of the greatest English critical realist novelist was Charles Dickens,who criticized the bourgeois civilization and showed the misery of the common people. 67.英国最伟大的批判现实主义小说家查尔斯·狄更斯，谁批评了资产阶级文明和表现普通百姓的苦难。
68. David Copperfield is often regarded as the semi-autobiography of the author Charles Dickens,in which the early life of the hero is largely based one the author’s early life.
68.大卫·科波菲尔往往被视为半自传的作者查尔斯·狄更斯，其中的主人公的早期生活在很大程度上是基于一个作家的早期生活。
69. In the novel Oliver Twist,Dickens gives a truthful presentation of the sufferance of the poor,and makes a complete exposure of the terrible conditions in the English workhouse of the time and the brutality and corruption of the oppressors under the mask of philanthropy.
69.在小说雾都孤儿狄更斯给穷人的苦难的真实表现，并使得在时间和压迫者的慈善事业的面具下的残暴和腐败英语济贫院的可怕条件的完整曝光。
70. Charles Dickens begins his famous novel A Tale of Two Cities this way :“It was the best of times,it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom,it was the age of foolishness,it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity,it was the season of Light,it was the season of Darkness,it was the spring of hope,it was the winter of despair,we had everything before us,we had nothing before us,we were all going direct to Heaven,we were all going direct the other way…”.
70.查尔斯·狄更斯开始了他的著名小说双城记中这样说：“这是最好的时代，这是最坏的时代;那是智慧的年头，那是愚昧的年头;那是时代信仰，那是怀疑的时期;那是光明的季节，那是黑暗的季节;那是希望的春天，那是失望的冬天;我们拥有一切摆在我们面前，我们面前什么都没有，我们正在直上天堂，我们都将直接的其他方式...“。
71. Hardy is one of the representatives of English critical realism at the turn of the 19th century.
71.哈代是英国批判现实主义在19世纪之交的代表之一。
72. As to Tess of the D’Urbervilles:Tess was a pure woman;Tess was a victim of economic oppression and social injustice; the author’s pessimistic and naturalistic view of life is fully expressed in it.
72.至于苔丝德伯家的：苔丝是一个纯粹的女人，苔丝是经济压迫和社会不公的牺牲品;笔者的悲观和自然生活的观点充分表达它。
73. Alec,Clare,Angel,all are characters appearing in the novel Tess of the D’Urbervilles.
73.亚历克，克莱尔，天使，都是出现在小说德伯家的苔丝字符。
74. Emily Brontёwrote only one novel entitled Wuthering Heights.
74.艾米莉Brontё只写了一本小说名为呼啸山庄。
75. BrontёSisters were all talented writers,they all died young and all went to charity school.
75.Brontё姐妹都是有才华的作家，他们都死了年轻，都到慈善学校。
76. Jane Eyre is one of the most popular and important novels of the Victorian age.It is
noted for its sharp criticism of the existing society,especially the bourgeois system of education.
76.简爱是维多利亚age.It最流行的和重要的小说之一以其犀利的现存社会的批评，教育尤其是资产阶级制度。
77. Thomas Hardy was once an architect,born in Dorsetshire,a county in the south of England,and his principle works are the Wessex novels.
77.托马斯·哈代曾是一名建筑师，出生在多塞特郡，在英格兰南部的一个县，和他的作品的原则是威塞克斯小说。
78. Novels of character and Environment are also called Wessex novels,taking the southwest counties of England for their setting,which include The Return of the Native,The Mayor of Casterbridge,Tess of the D’Urbervilles,and Jude the Obscure. 78.有小说人物与环境也称为威塞克斯小说，以英格兰西南县为自己设置，其中包括还乡，卡斯特桥市长，德伯家的苔丝和无名的裘德。
79. Tess Durbeyfield in Tess of the D’Urbervilles is the daughter of a poor villager.
79.苔丝的德伯家的苔丝是一个贫穷的村民的女儿。
80. One of the chief representative figures of the School of Aestheticism is Oscar Wilde.
80.一个唯美的学校的主要代表人物是奥斯卡·王尔德。
81. Most of Hardy’s novels are set in Wessex,the fictional primitive and crude region which is really the home place he both loves and hates.
81.大多数哈代的小说都是在威塞克斯，虚构的原始和粗糙区域这是真的，他既爱和恨家的地方设置。
82. James Joyce’s representative works are Dubliners,A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man,Ulysses and Finnegans Wake.
82.詹姆斯·乔伊斯的代表作品有都柏林，艺术家的画像作为一个年轻人，尤利西斯和芬尼根守灵。
83. James Joyce,Virginia Woolf and William Faulkner al belong to the school of the Stream of Consciousness.
83.詹姆斯·乔伊斯，伍尔夫和福克纳人属于意识流的学校。
84. Washington Irving is the first American writer to earn an international reputation, and regarded as an early famous Romantic writer in American Literary history.
84.华盛顿·欧文是第一个美国作家赢得了国际声誉，并被视为美国文学史上的早期著名的浪漫作家。
85. Irving was best known for his famous short stories such as “Rip Van Winkle”and “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”.
85.欧文最出名的是他的著名短篇小说，如“瑞普·凡·温克尔”和“睡谷的传说”。
86. The finest example of Hawthorne’s symbolism is reflected in his The Scarlet Letter.
86.霍桑的象征主义的最好例子是体现在他的红字。
87. Nathaniel Hawthorne depicts the prison as a symbol for puritanical severity of law and the rigorous enforcement of law and the impossibility to break free of it, while the rosebush to symbolize the passionate wilderness in the form of Hester Prynne.
87.霍桑描绘了监狱作为法律的清教徒式的严重性和法律的严格执行，而不能挣脱它的一个象征，而蔷薇象征在海丝特·白兰的形式激情的荒野。
88.As a leading spokesman of the Imagist Movement,Ezra Pound wrote a famous one-image poem “In a Station of the Metro ”,which has been regarded as a classic specimen of Imagist poetry,
由于意象派运动的主要发言人庞德写了有名的形象诗“在地铁站里”，这已被视为意象派诗歌的经典标本。
89. Postmodernism can be decribe as a set of critical, strategic and rhetorical practices employing concepts such as difference,repetition,simulacrum,and hyper reality to destabilize other concepts such as presence,identity,historical progress,and epistemic certainty.
后现代主义可以作为粗糙地列了一套用人理念等差异，重复，仿，和超现实叫板其他概念，如存在，身份，历史的进步和认知确定性至关重要，战略和修辞的做法。
90. Postmodernism upholds the belief that there is no absolute truth and the way in which different people perceive the world is subjective.
后现代主义坚持的信念，没有绝对的真理，在不同的人感知世界是主观的方式。
91. Representative writers of postmodernism are Derrida,Foucault,Kristiva,Lacan,etc. 后现代主义的代表性作家，德里达，福柯，Kristiva，拉康等。
92. Example of intertextuality can be found in Ulysses retelling Homer’s Odyssey,The Dead Fathers Club retelling King Lear,and Wide Sargasso Sea retelling Jane Eyre.
互文性的例子可以在复述尤利西斯荷马的奥德赛发现，死者的父亲复述俱乐部的李尔王，和藻海无边复述简·爱。
93. Pincipal characters in Bellow’s fiction have heroic potential,and many times they
stand in contrast to the negative force of society.Often these characters are Jewish and have a sense of alienation or otherness.
在贝娄的小说人物Pincipal英雄有潜力，而且很多时候他们的立场相反，society.Often的负面力量，这些字符是犹太人，并有疏远或异类的感觉。
94. Death of a Saleaman tells us a story about an American tragedy,but the tragedy rooted in the American Dream.
一个Saleaman之死告诉我们一个关于美国的悲剧故事，但植根于美国梦的悲剧。
95. Pynchon’s novels are broad in scope and use scientific theories,historical facts,and details of popular culture with great accuracy.
品钦的小说范围很广，并用科学的理论，历史事实和流行文化的细节丝丝入扣。
96. There is only one scense, in Waiting for Godot,throughout both acts:two men are waiting on a country road by a tree.
只有一个scense，在等待戈多，整个行为都：两名男子被一棵树等待一个国家的道路。
97. In 1993,Toni Morrison,”who in novels characterized by visionary force and poetic import,give life to an essential aspect of American reality”,was awarded the Nobel Price in literature.
1993年，托尼·莫里森，“谁在小说特点是富有远见的力量和诗意的进口，对美国现实的一个重要方面给生活”，被授予诺贝尔奖文学。
98. Enormously important in shaping the artistic contribution of the Harlem Renaissance of the 1920s,Langston Hughes is the most popular and versatile of the black writers.
在塑造20世纪20年代的哈莱姆文艺复兴的艺术贡献极其重要，兰斯顿·休斯是最流行和通用的黑人作家的。
99. ”Poor Rip was at last reduced almost to despair;and his only alternative,to escape from the labor of the farm and the clamor of his wife,was to take gun in hand,and stroll away into the wood.”This sentence vividly describes the characteristics of Rip Van Winkle,especially unwilling to engage himself in labor as well as slow response to what happened around.
可怜的瑞普在去年几乎沦为绝望;他唯一的选择，从农场和他的妻子的喧嚣的劳动逃跑时，被取枪在手，漫步走成木“这句话生动地描述了。瑞普·凡·温克尔的特点，尤其是不愿意从事自己的劳动，以及反应迟缓发生了什么事周围。
100. ”To wage by force or guile eternal war,/Irreconcilable to our grand Foe”,here the Foe refer to God.
工资以武力或诡计永恒的战争，/势不两立我们盛大的敌人“，这里的敌人是指神。
Term Paper Hey, buddy, you are supposed to write an essay of 1000 words. You should not exceed 2000 words. (1000-2000 wds) Your writing will be scored for content, organization, grammar and format. And you will have to submit it in Word on 7th-17th June at the latest. Choose a book or author that we have covered in the course, and define your topic: ?Make sure that it is related only to American literature. ? A discussion of Characters; ? A study of the Context (social, political, or economic) in which a work was written; ?An interpretation of the Message or Theme; ?An analysis of a specific Image occurring in several works; ?All text should be in 12-point Times New Roman font; ?Everything should be double-spaced; ?Use 5 paces at the beginning of every paragraph; ?Skip a line between the title and text; ?Type your Name, Class, and also your Student ID No. on a separate line; ?Center the title and type it in bold; 胡彭，6
《研究生英语英美文学欣赏》课程简介 课程编号： 课程名称：研究生英语英美文学欣赏 学时与学分：34学时/1学分 时间：2013-2 ---- 2013-7 教学对象：全日制非英语专业研究生 教师：刘晓燕等 课程描叙 一、课程性质和任务 本课程的目的是为培养理解和鉴赏英国和美国文学原著的能力而设置一门选修课程，旨在使学生掌握英国和美国文学源流和发展的基础上，通过阅读代表性的英国和美国文学作品，理解作品的内容，学会分析作品的艺术特色，并努力掌握正确评价文学作品的标准和方法，增强对作品中表现的社会生活和人物感情的理解，提高语言基本功和阅读文学作品的能力和鉴赏水平，提升整体人文素质。本课程的主要内容包括英国和美国文学史上代表作家的简要介绍和作品选读，结合英国和美国文学各个历史断代的主要历史背景，文学文化思潮和流派，社会政治、经济、文化等对英国和美国文学史上最具有影响、最具有代表性的作家的作品中的艺术特色、主题结构、人物刻画、语言风格和思想意义等进行深入地分析。 本课程主要为英美文学欣赏课，课堂讲授与研讨相结合。教师布置学生课前对作家生平、历史背景、和阅读材料进行研究，课堂上进行重点阅读和分析。本课程要求学生大量阅读，结合课堂上所讲授的英美文学的基本知识点和文学理论批评方法，体会经典文学作品的语言精妙之处、人物塑造方法、情节架构、文学修辞手法、写作技巧等等，并进而了解历史时代背景、文化知识、社会政经形势等。此外，本课程还要求学生能积极参与课堂讨论，鼓励新观点和新视角，能运用文学理论批评方法研究作品，学期中将不定期地布置相关作业，学期末将以学术论文的形式考查学习效果。 二、课程的教学内容及学时分配 第1学时英国文艺复兴时期简介 重点：文艺复兴；人文主义；主要作家和艺术特色 第2-3学时莎士比亚（I）（II） 重点：要重点理解莎士比亚思想和创作风格的变化，了解莎士比亚十四行诗的特点，品味莎士比亚作品的特色，能够对莎士比亚部分作品进行现代阐释。 第4学时弗朗西斯·培根和约翰·多恩 重点：理解培根的“论学习”的主要内容和修辞手法的运用；理解玄学派诗歌在16、17世纪的发展，其文艺宗旨与当时的文艺思潮的区别。
Old English Literature 古英语文学 （450-1066年） Beowulf （贝奥武甫）---The first English national epic 中世纪英语文学（1066-1500） Geoffrey Chaucer(乔叟，c. 1343–1400) was an English poet. He is remembered for his The Canterbury Tales《坎特伯雷故事集》, called the father of English litera ture―英国文学之父‖William Langland (朗格兰，1330?-1400?),the author of the 14th-century English long narrative poem Piers Plowman《农夫皮尔斯》. 文艺复兴（16-17世纪） William Shakespeare (莎士比亚，1564-1616), English poet and playwright, his surviving works consist of 38 plays, 154 sonnets, two long narrative poems Venus and Adonis 《维拉斯和阿多尼斯》The Rape of Lucrece.《鲁克丽丝受辱记》 Shakespeare‘s greatest works: greatest tragedies are King Lear 《李尔王》,Macbeth《麦克白》,Hamlet《哈姆雷特》, Othello 《奥赛罗》,Romeo and Juliet 《罗密欧与朱丽叶》 grea t comedies: A Midsumme r Night‘s Dream《仲夏夜之梦》,As You Like It 《皆大欢喜》,The Merchant of Venice 《威尼斯商人》, Twelfth Night 《第十二夜》 great historical plays: Richard III 《理查三世》,Henry IV 《亨利四世》, Henry V 《亨利五世》, Henry VII 《亨利八世》 John Milton (弥尔顿, 1608-1674)was an English poet and civil servant for the Commonwealth of England. He is best known for his epic poem Paradise Lost《失乐园》, Paradise Regained《复乐园》Samson 《力士参孙》. 18世纪文学和新古典主义 Alexander Pope (浦柏,1688-1744 ) is generally regarded as the greatest English poet of the eighteenth century, best known for his satirical epigram 讽刺隽语and heroic couplet英雄双韵体.His major works include mock epic satirical poem An Essay on Man 《人论》and An Essay on Criticism 《论批评》 Daniel Defoe ( 笛福，1660—1731)was an English writer who gained enduring fame for his novel Robinson Crusoe《鲁滨逊漂流记》, spokesman for middle-class people Henry Fielding (菲尔丁, 1707 ---1754) ，an English novelist known for his novel:The History of Tom Jones. Jonathan Swift (斯威夫特,1667-1745), was an Anglo-Irish novelist, satirist. He is remembered for novel such as Gulliver‘s Travels《格列佛游记》. Richard Sheridan ( 谢立丹，1751—1816), Irish playwright ,known for his satirical play School of Scandal(造谣学校). He was a represntative writer of Comedies of Manners. Laurence Sterne (斯特恩,1713—1768 ), an English novelist. He is best known for his novel Tristram Shandy （《商第传》）. Oliver Goldsmith （哥尔德斯密斯，1728-1774）English novelist, known for his novel Vicar of Wakefield (《威克菲尔德牧师传记》) Thomas Gray (托马斯?格雷1716—1771 )，an English poet, author of Elegy Written in a
“英美文学作品赏析”课程简介 一、课程简介 “英美文学作品赏析”(“Appreciation of British and American Literary Works”)是依据教育部颁布的《大学英语课程教学要求》中的较高要求，为非英语专业大学生开设的“语言文化”类课程。课程以阅读名家名作精彩片段为主，以欣赏相关作品音频、视频片段为辅，通过阅读、讲授、讨论、表演、诵读、赏析等生动活泼的形式，使学生了解英美两国文学简史，理解经典作品的主要艺术特色。本课程从考勤、学习过程、期末开卷考试三方面评估学生的学习情况。通过听、读、说、写、译的综合训练，致力于培养学生运用英语学科基础知识、运用文学常识鉴赏评析作品的能力。在轻松愉快的氛围中，提高学生的团队合作、创造性思维、跨文化交际能力，增强学生对英美文学、文化的兴趣与感悟力，促进学生语言基本功和人文修养的提高。 二、课程内容 课程共48学时，主要内容为：
三、课程考核 本课程的考查方式为：过程管理评估+期末考试评估 过程管理部分的考核构成学生平时成绩，占期末总成绩的40%；期末考试卷面成绩占期末总成绩的60%，即： 学生学期成绩=平时成绩40%+期末考试成绩60% 平时成绩=出勤40%+课堂表现20%+作业40% （作业包括翻译、课堂陈述、课堂表演、写作等灵活多样的形式） 期末考试方式：开卷考试（内容：英美文学常识，作品选段理解，作品选段分析等）四、选课指南 “英美文学作品赏析”是一门文化素养课。课程信息量大、文化内涵丰富，意图拓宽学生知识面，加深其英美国家文化底蕴，提高其人文修养。课程组在教学中力图做到精选作家、作品选段，精心选择相应的音频、视频选段，自制优美的PPP课件，精心组织教学活动，力争通过诵读、观赏、跟读、翻译、表演、陈述等丰富多彩的活动调动同学们的积极性，使其积极参与课堂活动。不少同学反映该课程对他们的英语学习和知识扩展有很大帮助，对英美作家的心路历程和写作历程感受颇深，自己“受益匪浅”。摘录同学评价如下： *“我学习到了很多，更收获到了自己心里憧憬已久的东西，感觉很是幸福。” “该课给了我接触文学，了解文学的机会。在现在这个物欲横流的社会，……我们需要一
本科课程考查（论文）专用封面 作业（论文）题目： Hamlet On-line 所修课程名称： 英美文学 修课程时间： 2012 年 9 月至 2013 年 1 月 完成作业（论文）日期： 2012 年 12 月 评阅成绩： 评阅意见： 评阅教师签名： 年 月 日 __ __ ___ __ __ ___ __ __学院_ __ ___ __ __ 级_ __ __ ___ __ _专业 姓名_ __ ___ __ __ __ 学号____ ___ __ __ ____ …… … …… … … … … … … … （ 密 ） … … … … … … … … … … … … （ 封 ） … … … … … … … … … … … … （ 线 ） … … … … … … … … … … … …
Hamlet On-line Abstract:"Hamlet " of Shakespeare is a classical representative work.The most famous words is: To be or not to be this is a question.In the work, Shakespeare created Hamlet--a man with wisdom and courage .In order to revenge on his uncle for killing his father,he pretend to be a madman.He is a kindhearted man and a god-fearing person .He is inconsistent in his heart,and fall in love with a beautiful girl.In the end he killed his uncle ,but poisoning and dead in sad . In this article, I would like to introduce the gradual improvement of this work's background and influence of Hamlet ;The main ideas of Hamlet; Comments on the figures of Hamlet and in the conclusion I point out certain factors resulting in such a immortal hamlet and eulogize Shakespeare’s greatness in perceiving so charming a Denmark prince as a humanist. Key words: Hamlet ; analysis of the work; comments on the figures 1. The background and influence of Hamlet In the early 17th century, Shakespeare wrote a number of his best known tragedies. Many critics believe that Shakespeare's greatest tragedies represent the peak of his art. The titular hero of one of Shakespeare's most famous tragedies, Hamlet, has probably been discussed more than any other Shakespearean character, especially for his famous soliloquy which begins "To be or not to be; that is the question". Hamlet was based on the legend of Amleth, preserved by 13th-century chronicler Saxo Grammaticus in his Gesta Danorum as subsequently retold by 16th-century scholar Fran?ois de Belleforest. The play vividly portrays both true and feigned madness –from overwhelming grief to seething rage – and explores themes of treachery, revenge, incest, and moral corruption. 2. The Main Ideas of Hamlet The story is set on the eve of Elsinore. Denmark court in the Middle Ages. Hamlet, the prince of the Denmark, is the leading role. The king of Denmark dies, his brother Claudius becomes the
英美文学阅读与鉴赏 When you are old By William Butler Yeats
When you are old W hen you are old and grey and full of sleep. And nodding by the fire, take down this book. And slowly read, and dream of the soft look Your eyes had once, and of their shadows deep. How many loved your moments of glad grace. And loved your beauty with love false or true. But one man loved the pilgrim soul in you. And loved the sorrows of your changing face; And bending down beside the glowing bars, Murmur, a little sadly, how Love fled. And paced upon the mountains overhead And hid his face amid a crowd of stars. Yeats pain and misfortune hopeless for Mao De Gang love, prompting Yeats to write down a lot for Mao De Gang poetry, in dozens of years, from various angles, Mao De Gang Yeats continue to inspire creative inspiration;
英美文学欣赏知识点100句 1.The work that presented,for the first time in English literature,a comprehensive realistic picture of the medieval English society and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life is Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales. 首次在英国文学，中世纪英国社会的全面逼真的画面，创造了从各行各业生动的人物整体画廊是杰弗里·乔叟的坎特伯雷故事集。 2. Geoffrey Chaucer is regarded as the father of English poetry. 乔叟被看作是英国诗歌之父。 3. The verse form of heroic couplet was introduced into English poetry and employed in the poem with true ease and charm for the first time in the history of English literature by Geoffrey Chaucer. 3.英雄对联的诗体被引入英国诗歌和诗与真正的轻松和魅力，第一次在英国文学的杰弗里·乔叟的历史就业。 4. The Canterbury Tales presents a whole gallery of vivid characters,the team of pilgrims,people from all walks of life,including 31 members altogether. 4.坎特伯雷故事呈现生动的人物整体画廊，朝圣者的队伍，来自各行各业，其中包括31名成员共有人。 5. Generally,Renaissance refers to the intellectual movement during the period between 14th and mid-17th centuries,its essence was humanism. 5.一般来说，文艺复兴是指智力运动在14和中17世纪之间的时期，它的本质是人文精神。 6. English Renaissance Period was an age of poetry and drama.
Part One：English Poetry 1.William Shakespeare Sonnet 18 ?Why does the poet compare `thee` to a summer?s day? And who could `thee` be? Because summer?s day and thee both represent beauty . thee could be beauty, love. ?What picture have you got of English summer, and could you explain why? Warm, beautiful, sunshine. Because summer is the best season of a year ,the most beautiful season. It is like our May. ?How does the poet answer the question he puts forth in the first line? Thee is more beautiful than summer. ?What makes the poet think that “thou” can be more fair than summer and immortal? Because humanism is more eternal than summer and immortal. ?What figures of speech are used in this poem? Simile, metaphor, personification, oxymoron and so on . ?What is the theme of the poem? Love conquers all, Beauty lives on. 2. Thomas Nashe Spring ?Read the poem carefully, pay attention to those image- bearing words, and see how many images the poet created in the poem and what sense impressions you can get from those images. There is “Blooms each thing, maids dance in a ring, the pretty birds do sing, the palm and may make country houses gay, Lambs frisk' and play, the shepherds pipe all day, And we hear aye birds tune this merry lay, The fields breathe sweet, the daisies kiss our feet, Young lovers meet, old wives a-sunning sit, In every street these tunes bur ears do greet!” The “Young lovers meet, old wives a-sunning sit，”impressions me most because of the harmony of the people?s relationship. ?Can you point out and explain the sound and their musical effect in the poem? In the Poem, each section has four lines, each line has ten syllables ( five tone step ) . In order to give the reader a spring breeze , streams , flowers , winding , Song Xin texture of sound and light flavor, Naixi greater uses English word S , z , f , V , R , L , and θconsonants means. In Naixi's poem, the use of phonological is also very harmonious, very smooth , very mellow. Section I of the poetry has Three pairs [ ing ] , section II of the poem has three pairs [ ei ] and the third quarter has three pairs [ i : ]. 3.John Donne A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning ?What is a “valediction” any way? Is the speaker in the poem about to die? Why does the speaker forbid mourning? No, it is about the lover s?separation. As the poem metaphors, the poet believed he and his wife?s love is sacred, he didn?t hope they cry when separation comes, let their love be stained by the ordinary and mundane.
英美文学相关论文优秀范文 浅谈英美文学中的爱情婚姻观 摘要英美文学中描绘爱情和婚姻的小说众多，为世人展示了不同时期、不同地域、 不同阶层的人们丰富多彩的爱情和婚姻观。这些不同的爱情婚姻观既是作品主人公性格的 集中体现，也是对人物所处的社会环境和历史背景的深刻剖析。论文以描写几对不同人物 之间波澜不惊的爱情故事闻名于世的经典爱情小说――《傲慢与偏见》为例，来分析作品 中倡导的独特的西方爱情婚姻观。 关键词：英美文学《傲慢与偏见》简?奥斯丁爱情婚姻观 梁山伯与祝英台凄美的爱情悲剧让我们唏嘘不已，崔莺莺和张生冲破重重障碍最终有 情人终成眷属让人为之欣慰，这是中国古典文学名著中的经典爱情故事。当我们把目光转 向英美文学，罗密欧与朱丽叶的忠贞爱情深刻地为我们诠释了爱情的真谛;于连?索雷尔 两段截然不同的爱情经历和其最终悲剧性的结局却告诉我们当爱情被虚荣占据后，结果唯 有悲剧。 英美文学名著中描写爱情的名家之作非常之多，众多的爱情经典让我们回味无穷，为 我们展示了各式各样、色彩纷呈的爱情婚姻观。正如有多少个读者，就会有多少个不同的 哈姆雷特一样，每个读者都会在这些名作中找到自己的影子，产生共鸣。以下就以《傲慢 与偏见》为例，来分析英美文学中各式各样、与众不同的爱情婚姻观。 一《傲慢与偏见》简介及主旨分析 英国知名女作家简?奥斯丁Jane Austen的代表作《傲慢与偏见》，以日常琐事为事 件出发点，运用非常考究的语言，通过对不同人物性格的详实刻画，以及当时处于社会压 迫与反抗不同地位的各个阶层间复杂关系的深刻剖析，以现实主义的手法形象、生动地描 述了18世纪末-19世纪初饱受封闭守旧思想禁锢下英国乡村的风土人情。 作品中，奥斯丁以其独特的观察力、诙谐幽默的语言，通过对班纳特家的五个女儿及 其密友在对待婚姻时的不同抉择，真实地描述了中小地主及资产阶级“绅士”和“淑女” 之间荒诞的婚姻与爱情，展现了女主人公们在爱情婚姻观方面不断学习、探索和前进的心 路历程，继而提出了自己主张“既不赞同为了金钱而结婚，也不认同将婚姻当做儿戏而草 率对待”这一鲜明的爱情婚姻立场。纵然时过境迁，我们依然能从中体会到不同凡响的艺 术效果。 二一段相互吸引至真至纯的爱情故事 简是班纳特家中的大女儿，属于那种漂亮大方、温柔可爱的大家闺秀式的女孩子，她 看待任何的人和事物都总会往好的一面去联想。她身上散发出的与众不同的独特气质深深 地吸引了年轻英俊且极度富有的宾利。但两人身份地位的悬殊预示着二者结合的不可能性，达西也曾因简的家庭背景差而极力反对宾利与其结婚。但随着剧情的发展，两人终因相互
A Analysis of the Women Characters in David Copperfield Class:09商务Name: 唐东No.0907030044 Abstract:David Copperfield was written by Charles Dickens,who is the greatest representative of English critical realism in the nineteenth century. One of Dickens's favorite novels,David Copperfield is known all over the world for the well-portrayed characters based on the writer's own life.In David Copperfield,dozens of women characters are portrayed ranging from rich women to poor servants.This paper analyzes some of the women characters in the novel,through which Dickens reveals his attitude toward marriage. . Key words:women characters love family marriage Ⅰ、The goddess The representative figure of The goddess are Peggotty,the loyal maidservant and David’aunt Miss Betsey Trotwood. Peggotty is Dav id’s first goddess,she is not beautiful and fat.But she is loyal.She treated David as her own son,and David regards her as his mother or maybe his father.She treats David full of sympathy and cherish.She see through Mr Murdstone’s conspiracy,and give David help and protect when he was in danger.In an other hands,Peggotty was lack of culture so she only tell David in emotional .Let David know there also love in the world althought his mother was died. ‘Master David ,my love. But don't forget，I'll take care of your mother. She needs her cross old Peggotty！I'll stay with her，although I hate these Murdstones. And remember，David, I love you as much as I love your mother，and more. And I'll Write to you.’ Miss Betsey Trotwood,David’s aunt is another goddess in his life.She meet David’s mother at the night which David born,but go away never look back.Maybe she is a little eccentric. ‘You were talking about the baby．I'm sure it'll be a girl．Now，as soon as she’ s born…’ ‘He，perhaps，’ said my mo ther bravely．‘Don’ t be stupid，of course it’
英美文学论文范文 一、“四段论”的英美文学教学方式 二、多元复合式的英美文学教学方法 (一)构建“互动式”的英美文学教学模式 (三)构建立体化的教学内容 三、多元复合式英美文学教学方法的意义 通过对英美文学课的学习，实际上是使学生获得对世界和人生的感悟与体验，培养学生对任何生命主体的亲近和敬畏。它不仅是一 门科学，更是一种对世界的态度。通过教师使用多元复合式的教学 方法，可以给学生提供广阔的自由发展空间，充分发挥学生的主动性、积极性和创造性。学生通过积极参与英美文学课的教学，养成 积极思考与表达的习惯，通过积极阅读英美文学作品原著，理解英 美文学与文化，提高文学批评鉴赏能力和英语水平，学生的分析能 力和思辨能力在这个过程中也就得到了相应的提高。 一、文学教育及其重要意义 二、英美文学教学改革途径 现在的英美文学课程课时偏少，教学内容不够丰富系统，教学方法单一，要想通过文学教育更好地培养学生的素质，就必须探索英 美文学教学改革的途径。 1、调整授课学时 2、增加“文学批评理论”教学 3、改革教学模式 以教师为中心的传统教学模式注重专业知识的单向传授，学生的积极性、主动性和动手能力不强。课堂教学应将教师的讲授与指导、课前小组准备与课堂专题讨论结合起来，有效地实现师生之间的互
动。教师通过布置开放性的研究任务，让学生带着问题，以协作学 习的方式完成自主探究学习。学生对图书馆和网络资源进行查阅检索，对所得资料进行分析比较、选择取舍、加工处理，这是一个努 力探索、积极进行意义建构的过程。教师是意义建构的帮助者，即 帮助学生学会独立思考和独立解决问题的能力。教师也可利用多媒 体设施与影视资源，增加学生的学习兴趣，或号召学生运用想象力，根据名著改编作品并进行舞台表演。 4、改革评价模式
How to grow old Russell (1872-1970) is a philosopher lived nearly 100 years biggest charm, however, is not philosophy, but ,once won the Nobel Prize for literature, vividly tells you how to have a successful old age with his simplistic and beautiful to grow old is his another masterpiece. According to the first sentence,the topic is how to grow old,but the article’s true purpose is telling people the best way to overcome the fear of death as you get the first place,Russell drolly came up with his first advice:we should carefully selected our listing his great ancestors,I couldn’t agree any more----This, I think, is the proper recipe for remaining young. If you have wide and keen i nterests and activities in which you can still be effective, you will have no reason to think about the me rely statistical fact of the number of years you have already lived, still less of the probable brevity of yo ur future. Sure it ,Russell clearly describe the opinions of a series of healthy,growing old and pointed that in old age we should mentally be vigilant to two is undue absorption in the past, and the other is clinging to youth in the hope if sucking vigor fro m its vitality. Russell thinks that the best way to conquer the fear of death is to make your interests gradually wider and more impersonal, until bit by bit the walls of the ego recede, and your life becomes increasingly merged in the universal. If one person in old age can regard his life as a river,he will not feel the fear of the the cause he devoted to will continue forever. And in my point of view, it entirely depends on your attitude to life. Everyone was born to death. We h ave no means to avoid it but to face it. Faced with death, what we only can do is to go for what we wa nt, what we need, and what we like. At the end of this article, Russell expressed his wish----I should wish to die while still at work, knowing that others will carry on what I can no longer do, and content in the thought that what was possible has been done. I cannot help but feel
1.The work that presented, for the first time in English literature, a comprehensive realistic picture of the medieval English society and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life is Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales. 2.Geoffrey Chaucer is regarded as the father of English poetry. 3.The verse form of heroic couplet was introduced into English poetry and employed in the poem with true ease and charm for the first time in the history of English literature by Geoffrey Chaucer. 4.The Canterbury Tales presents a whole gallery of vivid characters, the team of pilgrims, people from all walks of life, including 31 members altogether. 5.Generally, Renaissance refers to the intellectual movement during the period between 14th and mid-17th centuries, its essence was humanism. 6.English Renaissance Period was an age of poetry and drama. 7.William Shakespeare’s writing is widely regarded as one of the three main sources of the English literature, while the other two are Greek and Roman myths, and the Bible. 8.William Shakespeare leaves a great body of literary works to the world, including 37 plays, 154 sonnets and 2 narrative poems. 9.In reading Shakespeare, you must have come across the line “To be or not to be – that is the question” by Hamlet in Hamlet. 10.“So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, / So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.” (Shakespeare, “Sonnet 18”) The word “this” refers to poetry. 11.Shakespeare’s four great tragedies include Hamlet, King Lear, Othello, and Macbeth, usually considered as some of the finest works in the English language. 12.In Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare’s humanism is evidently seen in his praise of human love and in his defiance of feudal discord. 13. A sonnet is a poem of 14 lines, usually in iambic pentameter,with rhymes arranged according to a certain definite patterns. 14.Francis Bacon’s words, “Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention,” describes the importance of reading, and different ways to deal with different books as well. 15.The Glorious Revolution in 1688meant the supremacy of Parliament, the beginning of modern England and the triumph of the principle of political liberty. 16.Metaphysical poetry refers to the works of the 17th-century writers who wrote under the influence of John Donne, with the general theme of carpe diem. 17.John Donne in his poem“The Flea” claim that killing the lover, the flea and thus committing sacrilege constitute “three sins”. 18.Epic is a long verse narrative on a serious subject, told in a formal and elevated style, and centered on a heroic or quasi-divine figure on whose actions depends the fate of a tribe, nation or the human race. 19.Enlighteners believed that freedom, democracy, and reason are the primary values of society. 20.In Robinson Crusoe, Defoe traces the growth of Robinson from a naive & simple youth into a mature & hardened man, tempered by numerous trials in his 28 years of living on an