1.2003年考研英语完形填空真题解读
Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes
2.that young adults experience.
3.And they also need to
4.give serious 21 thought to
5.how they can be best 22 accommodate such changes.
6.Growing bodies need movement and 23exercise ,
7.but not just in ways that emphasize competition. 但是不能只注重比赛
8.24 Because they are adjusting to their new bodies
9.and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, 一大堆
10.teenagers are especially self-conscious
11.and need the 25 confidence
12.that comes from achieving success
13.and knowing that their accomplishments
14.are 26 admired by others.
15.However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition
16.that it would be 27 to plan activities
17.in which there are more winners than losers, 因此安排一些赢者多，输者少的
活动是很明智的
18.28 for example ,
19.publishing newsletters 出版时事通讯刊印业务通讯
20.with many student-written book reviews,
21.29 displaying student artwork, and
22.sponsoring book discussion clubs. 赞助
23.A variety of small clubs
24.can provide 30multiple opportunities for leadership, 为培养领导才能提供多种
机会
25.multiple 多种的，倍数，
26.leadership 领导能力，领导层
27.as well as for practice in successful 31 group dynamics. 为成功的群体动力提供
练习
28.dynamics 力学，动力学
29.Making friends is extremely important to teenagers,
30.and many shy students
31.need the 32 security of some kind of organization 需要加入某个组织以获得安
全感
32.with a supportive adult 33 barely visible in the background
a)需要有一位成人在只有后台看到见的地方提供
支持
In these activities,
33.it is important to remember that the young teens
34.have 34 short attention spans. 注意力持续时间很短
35.A variety of activities should be organized
36.35 so that participants can remain active as long as they want 这样参加活动的
人就能想活动多久就活动多久
37.and then go on to 36something else 然后就可以做一些其它的事情
38.without feeling guilty
39.and without letting the other participants 37 down . 也不会让其它参与者失望
40.This does not mean that 这并不是说
41.adults must accept irresponsibility. 大人必须接受不负责任的
做法
42.38 On the contrary
43.they can help students acquire a sense of commitment获得一种责任感
44.by 39planning for roles
45.that are within their 40 capability 他们力所能及
46.and their attention spans 又在他们注意力时间范
围
47.and by having clearly stated rules.通过制定清楚的活动规则
Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. And they also need to give serious 21 to how they can be best 22 such changes. Growing bodies need movement and 23 , but not just in ways that emphasize competition. 24 they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the 25 that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are 26 by others. However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be 27 to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, 28 , publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews, 29 student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs. A variety of small clubs can provide 30 opportunities for leadership, as well as for practice in successful 31 dynamics. Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the 32 of some kind of organization with a supportive adult 33 visible in the background.
In these activities, it is important to remember that the young teens have 34 attention spans.
A variety of activities should be organized 35 participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to 36 else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants 37 .
This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility. 38 they can help students acquire a sense of commitment by 39 for roles that are within their 40 and their attention spans and by having clearly stated rules.
21.[A] thought[B]idea[C] opinion[D] advice
22.[A] strengthen[B] accommodate[C] stimulate[D] enhance
23.[A] care[B] nutrition[C] exercise[D] leisure
24.[A] If[B] Although[C] Whereas[D] Because
25.[A] assistance[B] guidance[C] confidence[D] tolerance
26.[A] claimed[B] admired[C] ignored[D] surpassed
27.[A] improper[B] risky[C] fair[D] wise
28.[A] in effect[B] as a result[C] for example[D] in a sense
29.[A] displaying[B] describing[C] creating[D] exchanging
30.[A] durable[B] excessive[C] surplus[D] multiple
31.[A] group[B] individual[C] personnel[D] corporation
32.[A] consent[B] insurance[C] admission[D] security
33.[A] particularly[B] barely[C] definitely[D] rarely
34.[A] similar[B] long[C] different[D] short
35.[A] if only[B] now that[C] so that[D] even if
36.[A] everything[B] anything[C] nothing[D] something
37.[A] off[B] down[C] out[D] alone
38.[A] On the contrary[C] On the whole[B] On the average[D] On the other hand
39.[A] making[B] standing[C] planning[D] taking
40.[A] capability[B] responsibility[C] proficiency[D] efficiency
文章背景
这是一篇讲述关于如何帮助青少年适应变化的社科类议论文。主要介绍了老师需要了解青少年经历的情感、智力和身体上的变化。他们还需要认真思考他们如何才能够最好地适应这些变化。成长中的身体需要运动和锻炼，但并不只是通过强调竞争的方法来锻炼。因为他们正在适应他们身体的新变化和许多新的智力和情感挑战，青少年特别敏感，他们需要信心，这种信心来自于取得成功并知道别人羡慕他们的成就。
答案详解
21. 【解读】[A] 语义辨析/ 固定搭配题。第二句中的And说明该句是对上句的补充，be aware of "意识到，想到" 与A项thought"思考，思想"意思一致，而与B项idea "主意，观点，想法"，C项opinion"意见"和D项advice "建议"不相照应。四个词都可以和give连用，但是idea 和opinion是可数名词，前面需要不定冠词an, 而give an idea to和give an opinion to的对象都应是人。D干扰性最大，容易选错，但是give advice to 的对象也应该是人，而要想与后面的how从句衔接则必须使用介词on,故不正确。
22.【解读】[B] 语义辨析题。根据原文的含义，教师应该关注的是如何能够使他们(young adults)很好地"适应"这些变化。此题的难点在于对accommodate一词词义的理解，可能很多考生只了解它的第一个意思"提供住宿"，而不熟悉另外两个重要的意思是"使满意。使适应"。此题的选择还有一个重要的线索，就是紧接着下文中的adjust to(适应)，二者语义相近。
23.【解读】[C] 语义辨析题。本题目选择名词，在句子中充当宾语。Growing bodies need movement and, but not just in ways that emphasize competition. 并列连词and确定空格处的词汇与movement相似或者属于同类事物。转折词but not指示方向，but not just in ways that emphasize competition.确定要选择的名词是一种运动竞技工程。不难发现，四个选项中只有
C. exercise 表示"练习，锻炼"，是一种竞技运动。因此，正确答案是B. exercise 练习。
24.【解读】[D] 逻辑关系题。they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenage从句"they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges,… 青少年正在适应新的身体状况、心智和情感方面的诸多挑战"。主句"teenagers
他们的自我意识强……"。不难发现，两个句子是因果关系。因此，正确答案为D. because。句子"Becauce they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially
因为青少年正在适应新的身体状况、心智和情感方面的诸多挑战,所以他们的自我意识强并且……。"
25.【解读】[C] 语义衔接题。本题目选择名词，后面的定语从句提供信息选择答案。顺着上一题的线索：句子叙述到Because they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host
thethat comes from achieving success and knowing。并列连词and确定供选的词汇与并列，表示一种性格特征。定语从句that comes from achieving success "取得成功所需要的……"，限定该词汇的性质。他们所需要的是来自于取得成功被别人"钦佩"的"信心"。因此，正确答案为C。
26.【解读】[B] 语义衔接题。本题目选择动词的过去分词形式，在句子中构成被动语态，充当谓语动词。句子叙述到Because they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emoti
confidence that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments areby others."因为他们正在调整自己以适应身体的变化和许多新的智力上和情感上的挑战，所以他们自我意识很强并且需要信心，这种信心来自于他们所取得的成功以及他们的成就被别人……。"句子中的主语提供信息决定答案。顺着上一题的线索，此处关键在于accomplishments
和什么动词搭配。从上文已经推定此处动词的意思应为"钦佩，崇拜"，所以选B.admired.
27.【解读】[D] 语义衔接题。本题目选择形容词，在句子中充当表语。句子叙述到However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would beto plan activities in which there are more winners than losers…"然而，典型的青年人的生活方式已经充满了如此众多的竞争，那么组织一些赢者多于输家的活动是……之举"。句子中"it"是形式主语，不定式短语"to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers"是真正的主语，主语提供信息决定答案。A.improper"不合适的"和B.risky"冒险的"是否定的意义，与整个句意不符。C.fair"公平的"，这里讨论的是行为的性质，与公平与否无关。所以选D.wise。
28.【解读】[C] 逻辑关系题。本题目选择逻辑关系词，体现前后的逻辑关系。句子叙述到However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be wise to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers,publishing newsletters with
空格后面列举了几个并列结构，不难发现该逻辑关系为举例列举。选项前后是例证关系，后面列举的行为均属于用来具体说明前面的activities, 形成照应关系。选项A. in effect 事实上。B. as a result 结果是。C. for example 例如。D. in a sense 从某种意义上说。因此，正确答案为C. for example 例如。"然而，典型的青少年生活方式已经充满了如此众多的竞争，以至于组织一些胜者多败者少的活动是明智的，例如出版学生书写的读书笔记……"。
29.【解读】[A] 逻辑关系/ 语义衔接题。本题目选择动词的动名词形式，在句子中充当谓语动词。句子叙述到However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be wise to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, for
and sponsoring book discussion clubs. 解题时需看清句中平列的逻辑关系，"出版包括许多学生所作的书评的简报，(展示)学生创作的艺术品，举办读书座谈俱乐部等"。不难发现，选项A. displaying 展示，展出，"展出学生的艺术作品"，符合语句含义，同时与"出版学生书写的读书笔记"构成并列关系。因此，正确答案为A。
30.【解读】[D] 词汇辨析题。该题目选择形容词，在句子中充当定语。句子叙述到A variety of small clubs can provideopportunities for leadership,… "各种各样的小型俱乐部能够提供……的机会锻炼孩子们的领导力"。选择形容词，被修饰的名词提供信息。选项A. durable 耐用的。持久的。与opportunities不搭配。B. excessive 过度的。C. surplus 过剩的。都有"过分"之义，含有否定的意思，与文意不符。正确选项D.multiple"多样的"与句子主语中的variety 相照应。
31.【解读】[A] 逻辑关系/ 语义衔接题。与上文相连，opportunities后面两个for说明提供的是什么样的机会。由as well as连接的介词短语与前一个for引导介词短语是并列关系，译为"不仅提供……机会而且提供……机会"，前者leadership是个体能力，后者则是指在成功的集体活动中得到锻炼的机会，所以选A。
32.【解读】[D] 语义衔接题。本题存在一个意思上的相应关系，即the of organization 与the support of adult对应，可以判断D正确。本题目选择名词，在句子中充当宾语。句子叙述到Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need theof some kind of organization… "交朋友对于年轻人极其重要，并且许多腼腆的学生需要……的某种组织给予的……，而且需要有一个成年人在幕后给予支持"。选项A. consent 内容，含量。满意，满足B. insurance 保险，安全保障。C. admission 承认，允许进入。D. security 安全，安全感。
33.【解读】[B] 语义衔接题。with引导一个介词复合结构作定语，修饰organization，其中"支持他们的成人""只能"在背后出现，这与B.barely"仅仅，刚好"的意思一致。Making
friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the security of some kind of organization with a supportive adultvisible in the background. "腼腆的学生需要加入某种团体以获得安全感，在幕后……有成年人的支持"。rarely"罕见地"一般表否定，不合语义。barely 是肯定的意义，相当于常见的only。
34.【解读】[D] 语义衔接题。第二段讲的是如何组织活动，使学生保持持久的兴趣和注意。之所以如此，是因为青少年的注意周期(attention spans)不够长，这一点也可凭借常识判断。同时，下文中"participants can remain active as long as they want. 参与者能尽可能长的保持活跃的心态"的信息也证明了青少年的有意注意时限很短。因此，正确答案为D。
35.【解读】[C] 逻辑衔接题。做35题时要联系36，37题分析。全句要表达的意思是"应该组织各种各样的活动，让参与者按照自己的意愿尽可能长久的保持活跃状态，然后还可以过渡到别的活动上去，既不会让他们感到内疚，又不会让别的参与者失望。在第35题前后的两个句子中，第二句说明的是第一句的活动组织所要达到的目的，所以选C。A. if only"只要，但愿"，引起虚拟条件状语从句，且从句经常独立出现，表示说话人的意愿。B. now that "既然"，引起原因状语从句。D. even if "即使"，引起让步状语从句。
36.【解读】[D] 词汇辨析题。本题目选择不定代词。句子叙述到A variety of activities should be organized so that participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on toelse without feeling guilty and… "应当组织各种各样的活动以至于参与者能保持活跃的心态。随后参加别的……活动而不感到内疚"。由于没有任何活动的范围，因此只能是不定的另一项活动。选项B. anything" 任何一件事"最具迷惑性，它表示在某个范围内的任何一件事。由于句子中没有指出活动范围，因此，正确答案为D。
37.【解读】[B] 固定搭配题。本题目选择与let构成的搭配，在句子中与前面的短语without feeling guilty "没有感到内疚"并列。句子叙述到A variety of activities should be organized so that participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to something else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants. "应当组织各种各样的活动以至于参与者能保持活跃的心态。随后参加别的某一个活动而不感到内疚，并且不会让参与者……"。选项A. let…off 准许……暂停。放开。下车。发射B. let…down 让……扫兴，失望。
C. let…out 泄露。
D. let…alone 放任，不干涉
38.【解读】[A] 逻辑衔接题。本题选择体现逻辑关系的短语，体现前后两个句子的逻辑关系。句子叙述到This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility.they can help students acquire a sense of commitment… "这并不意味着成年人就没有责任，……他们可以帮助学生获得一种责任感……" 两句间形成对比关系，所以选A。On the other hand "另一方面"必须与On the one hand "一方面"构成搭配。因此，正确答案为A。
39.【解读】[C] 惯用衔接题。本题目选择与for构成的搭配，在句子中充当谓语动词。句子叙述到On the contrary they can help students acquire a sense of commitment byfor roles …."相反，他们可以通过……角色帮助学生获得一种责任感。"选项A. make for 向……方向走。B. stand for 代表，表示。C. plan for 为……做计划。D. take for 误以为，把……看做……因此，正确答案为C. plan for 为……做计划。"相反，他们可以通过为学生设计或安排角色为角色做计划来帮助学生获得一种责任感。"
40.【解读】[A] 语义辨析题。本题目选择名词，roles后面的that引导定语从句，修饰前文的roles，阐述这些角色应该在学生的能力范围和注意力保持期间内，并且要把规则交代清楚。句子中On the contrary they can help students acquire a sense of commitment by planning for roles that are within theirand their attention spans and by having clearly stated rules. "相反，他们可以通过为角色做计划来帮助学生获得一种责任感。这些角色是在……之内的并且是在注意力限度内的角色"。选项A. capabilities 能力，"能力范围内的角色"，符合句子含
义。
参考译文
教师应该了解青少年智力、情绪和身体各方面的变化，同时他们也应该慎重关注青少年如何适应这些变化。不断成长的身体需要运动和锻炼，而不仅仅是为了进行竞争，因为总是要适应新的身体状况和情感方面的诸多挑战。他们的自我意识特别强烈，需要给他们成功的信心，看到自己的成就，他们就想得到别人的赞扬。不过典型的青少年的生活中已经充斥着太多的竞争，所以聪明的做法是组织一些获胜者多于失败者的活动，例如，出版刊有许多学生撰写书评的通讯，展出学生的艺术品，主办有关书籍辩论的俱乐部。各种小型俱乐部可以提供多种多样的机会，锻炼孩子的领导才能也可以借助集体的力量成功地提供实践机会。交朋友对青少年来说是十分重要的，许多害羞的学生需要某种组织的安全感，而且需要有一个成年人在幕后给予支持。
在这些活动中，记住下面的一点很重要：青少年的注意力集中的时间很短。应该组织各种各样的活动来迎合他们，使他们能够保持能动性，然后参加别的活动，这样他们就不会感到不安，也不会使其他参与者失望。但这并不意味着成年人一点责任也没有，相反，成年人可以通过对青少年的能力和注意力所及活动的策划以及通过对游戏规则的清晰阐述，帮助学生获得一种参与感。
The human nose is an underrated tool.Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals,1 this is largely because,2 animals,we stand upright.This means that our noses are 3 to perceiving those smells which float through the air,4 the majority of smells which stick to surfaces.In fact5,we are extremely sensitive to smells,6 we do not generally realize it.Our noses are capable of 7 human smells even when these are 8 to far below one part in one million. Strangely,some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another,9 others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers.This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate 10 smell receptors in the nose.These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send 11 to the brain.However,it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell 12 can suddenly become sensitive to it when 13 to it often enough. The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds it 14 to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can 15 new receptors if necessary.This may 16 explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells we simply do not need to be.We are not 17 of the usual smell of our own house but we 18 new smells when we visit someone else's.The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors 19 for unfamiliar and emergency signals 20 the smell of smoke,which might indicate the danger of fire. 1.[A]although [B]as [C]but [D]while 2.[A]above [B]unlike [C]excluding [D]besides 3.[A]limited [B]committed [C]dedicated [D]confined 4.[A]catching [B]ignoring [C]missing [D]tracking 5.[A]anyway [B]though [C]instead [D]therefore 6.[A]even if [B]if only [C]only if [D]as if 7.[A]distinguishing [B]discovering [C]determining [D]detecting 8.[A]diluted [B]dissolved [C]determining [D]diffused 9.[A]when [B]since [C]for [D]whereas 10.[A]unusual [B]particular [C]unique [D]typical 11.[A]signs [B]stimuli [C]messages [D]impulses 12.[A]at first [B]at all [C]at large [D]at times 13.[A]subjected [B]left [C]drawn [D]exposed 14.[A]ineffective [B]incompetent [C]inefficient [D]insufficient 15.[A]introduce [B]summon [C]trigger [D]create 16.[A]still [B]also [C]otherwise [D]nevertheless 17.[A]sure [B]sick [C]aware [D]tired 18.[A]tolerate [B]repel [C]neglect [D]notice 19.[A]available [B]reliable [C]identifiable [D]suitable 20.[A]similar to [B]such as [C]along with [D]aside from
2016考研英语真题解析：完形填空终于看懂了 2016考研英语一的完形填空主题是关于“柬埔寨青年的结婚习俗”,内容好理解,题目也很简单,如果有同学最后不做而靠蒙的话,可就有点可惜了! 下面跨考教育英语教研室孟老师以2016年真题为例，为考生详细解析完形填空：Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, __1__those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker. A young man can __2__ a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to __3__the marriage negotiations, or the young man’s parents may take the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. __4__, a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. __5__ a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying __6__ a good family. The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, __7__198 0s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and __8__ pray ers of blessing. Par--ts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting,__9__cotton threads soaked in h oly water around the bride's and groom's wrists, and __10__a candle around a circle of happily ma rried and respected couples to bless the __11__. Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife' s parents and may__12__ with them up to a year, __13__they can build a new house nearby. Divorce is legal and easy to __14__, but not common. Divorced persons are __15__ with some disapproval. Each spouse retains ___16___ property he or she __17__ into the marriage, and jointly-acquired property is __18__ equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice __19__up. The divorced male doesn't have a waiting period before he can remarry __20__the woman must wait ten months. 1. A. by way of B. with regard to C. on behalf of D. as well as 2. A. decide on B. provide for C. compete with D. adapt to 3. A. close B. arrange C. renew D. postpone 4. A. In theory B. Above all C. In time D. For example 5. A. Unless B. Less C. After D. Although 6. A. into B. within C. from D. through 7. A. or B. since C. but D. so 8. A. test B. copy C. recite D. create 9. A. folding B. piling C. wrapping D. tying 10. A. passing B. lighting C. hiding D. serving 11. A. association B. meeting C. collection D. union 12. A. deal B. part C. grow D. live 13. A. whereas B. until C. for D. if 14. A. avoid B. follow C. challenge D. obtain 15. A. isolated B. persuaded C. viewed D. exposed 16. A. wherever B. whatever C. whenever D. however
考研英语完形填空三大技巧 导语：完形填空是考研英语中的一个大题型，攻破考研完型填空题型要从三个方面入手，分别是词汇、阅读以及完成完型填空的技巧。 一、词汇是基础 不止是完形填空，考研英语(论坛)学习的过程中，词汇都是基础。完型填空题型的攻克，是以掌握一定的词汇量为基础的。但是掌握词汇并不是仅仅是背过而已，是指能在答题时灵活运用。词汇量的提高并非是数字的简单推理，而应该是灵活应辨的能力。有些同学在记忆词汇的过程中，背熟了若干本考研词汇书之后仍然无法正确做题，并且在写作文的时候经常词义混淆。 很多同学在记单词的时候，会忽略背诵的质量。记单词的时候不要停留在单词的表面意思上，一定要结合例句和文章来理解。同时运用发散思维，记住了动词，遇到不认识的相关的名词、形容词、副词时就要往这个动词的意思上联想。词汇不是孤立的，建议同学们在学习的过程中，不要将词汇的学习和阅读分离开来。 二、阅读是方法 很多高分学员可能都会有类似的感触，单词没有记住，但是仍然得高分。其中的秘诀就是于他们的语感好。所以阅读能力的培养是很重要的。在答题中第一遍可以带着问题浏览全文，这就需要快速阅读的能力。在寻找问题的答案时，又需要又快又准的回到原文中，迅速定位。平时的复习过程中，应该在每个复习阶段，侧重不同的阅读力度。随着复习的深入，逐渐加大阅读量。尤其是快速阅读理解能力，甚至是跳过一些空格，浏览文章，掌握大意的能力。从一定意义上讲，完形填空试题是为阅读理解服务的，其主旨是考查阅读理解能力。 阅读的过程也是培养语感的过程。临近考研，可以多读读真题，把真题里的完形填空和阅读理解作为素材每天读几遍。到了考场上看到考题时就不会那么陌生。 三、技巧为捷径 一般完型填空做题的步骤是四步，看到文章后，先用一、两分钟时间快速浏览全文，把握中心。明了作者意向、态度。注意文章首末句，因为往往文章的中心句在其中。看懂它们会缩短你读懂文章的时间;结合文章空格精读，对于难于动笔的`空格先跳过，通读;串读全文，连贯通顺。对个别难句进行语言结构上的分析，结合你对文章的理解，逻辑推理出选项;最后通读，检查全文。 完型填空不是没有规律可循的。要学会掌握一种“顺藤摸瓜”的方法，也就是寻找线索。句子本身的线索主要指空格前后所要求的搭配、词汇的并列等;句子之间的线索主要指逻辑关系，如转折、因果、递进等;全文线索主要指文章的主题、作者的倾向以及词汇的同义复现，即作者在上下文中以不同的词表达同一意思等。所以要根据不同情况寻找不同线索，然后确定答案。
2008年考研英语真题——完型填空 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare not speak its name. But Gregory Cochran is 1 to say it anyway. He is that 2 bird, a scientist who works independently 3 any institution. He helped popularize the idea that some diseases not 4 thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections, which aroused much controversy when it was first he, however, might tremble at the 6 of what he is about to do. Together with another two scientists, he is publishing a paper which not only 7 that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others, but explains the process that has brought this about. The group in 8 are a particular people originated from central Europe. The process is natural selection. This group generally do well in IQ test, 9 12-15 points above the 10 value of 100, and have contributed 11 to the intellectual and cultural life of the West, as the 12 of their elites, including several world-renowned scientists,13 hey also suffer more often than most people from a number of nasty genetic diseases, such as breast cancer. These facts, 14 ave previously been thought unrelated. The former has been 15 social effects, such as a strong tradition of 16 ucation. The latter was seen as a (an) 17 genetic isolation. Dr. Cochran suggests that the intelligence and diseases are intimately18 is argument is that the unusual history of these people has 19 em to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this 20 ate of affairs. 1. [A] selected [B] prepared [C] obliged [D] pleased 2. [A] unique [B] particular [C] special [D] rare 3. [A] of [B] with [C] in [D] against 4. [A] subsequently [B] presently [C] previously [D] lately 5. [A] Only [B] So [C] Even [D] Hence 6. [A] thought [B] sight [C] cost [D] risk 7. [A] advises [B] suggests [C] protests [D] objects 8. [A] progress [B] fact [C] need [D] question 9. [A] attaining [B] scoring [C] reaching [D] calculating 10. [A] normal [B] common [C] mean [D] total 11. [A] unconsciously [B] disproportionately [C] indefinitely [D] unaccountably 12. [A] missions [B] fortunes [C] interests [D] careers 13. [A] affirm [B] witness [C] observe [D] approve 14. [A] moreover [B] therefore [C] however [D] meanwhile 15. [A] given up [B] got over [C] carried on [D] put down 16. [A] assessing [B] supervising [C] administering [D] valuing 17. [A] development [B] origin [C] consequence [D] instrument 18. [A] linked [B] integrated [C] woven [D] combined 19. [A] limited [B] subjected [C] converted [D] directed 20. [A] paradoxical [B] incompatible [C] inevitable [D] continuous
2021考研英语完型填空复习 如何复习完形填空?什么时候开始准备? 答：完形填空是考研比较难的一部分，从历年的平均分可看出，每年平均分都在5分左右，低于及格分。又由于完形填空所占分值不高，许多同学都选择避开，复习阅读时顺带复习完形，或者干脆不管，考试时“蒙一水”。这种做法有一定道理，毕竟完型较难，分值不多，就算投入大量时间和精力也不一定能保证多几分。但是，就算如此，完型也不能甩手不管，需要投入一定时间去准备，另外就是了解一些完形填空出题规律以及做题的技巧和方法，争取达到及格分以上。 复习完形建议以真题为参考，立足真题。把完形出现的固定搭配、固定词组整理出来，在你开始接触真题时就该复习完型。一般在9月后开始系统准备、做题为宜。 完形填空有没有做题技巧? 答：完形填空做题技巧历来都是备受同学青睐。对于这种提分不容易，分值比例又较低的部分同学们都倾向于用“技巧”解题。在此要提醒同学们，任何技巧都是建立在基础上的，技巧不能决定成败，但可起到锦上添花作用。同时，下面给大家分享一些技巧： A、完形填空的第一句话作为文章的开篇，告诉我们文章的主题，下面的内容都是围绕它展开，因此第一句都是完整的，我们也要紧抓第一句话，自己所做的选择都应与第一句的意思相一致。另外注意完形填空选的是最佳答案，而不是正确答案
B、学会利用红花绿叶原则做题。完形词汇分为红花词和绿叶词。红花词就是每次出现在真题里都会选;绿叶词就是屡次出现屡次不选。比如说however、although、yet、because等属于红花词。Since、nowthat、what、if only、in case等都属于绿叶词。根据往年经验，利用红花绿叶原则做题能做对2-5题，但同时也有失手可能，失手也是有原因的，因为和后面提到的原则矛盾了。 C、同义原则：在四个选项中，当两个或三个实词互为同义词时，答案往往在其中。当两个或三个虚词互为同义词时，往往都不选。当四个选项都有一个共同意思时，该意思往往不能入选。更多的技巧和原则可参见李老师授课内容。 完形填空选项答案有没有什么规律? 答：根据我们对历年完形填空真题答案的整理和总结，得到答案分布是有规律可循的：A、四个选项都是4-6个之间，四个答案是均匀分布的。B、一般而言，A答案较多(至少五个)C、没有连续三个答案都是一样的情况。D、在五个一组的答案里，至少要出现三个字母。
2015年考研英语（一）深度解析：完型 1. [A] what 【解析】此题考查疑问代词辨析：题干中过去分词短语published from the University of California and Yale University…作后置定语，修饰study，而真正的句子主干是That is 1 a study has 2 .简化后的句子可以让我们清晰地看出第一题要说的是研究study的具体内容是what，不是方式how，也不是原因why，更不是时间when。 2. [B] concluded 【解析】此题考查动词辨析：同第一题一样，根据简化的句子That is what a study has 2 来解题。题目选择的动词是说明study怎样才有了上面what表示的内容。所以此题选择concluded“推断;得出结论”。其他的动词据不符合要求。 3. [D] on 【解析】此题考查介词辨析：根据题干The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted 3 1932 unique subjects的要求，所选择的介词能用在conduct“实施;进行”之后，又得和subject 搭配，所以这个题目应该选择on，构成on some subjects“关于某类主题”。 4. [C] compared 【解析】此题考查动词辨析：通过观察题干，我们发现第4题位于which引导的定语从句之内，作从句的谓语动词。Which修饰主句的主语study“研究”，如此补全定语从句就是： The study 4 pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers…所以正确答案选择C。该项研究是对比所选择的两个样本。其他选项都不符合题意。 5. [C] samples 【解析】此题考查名词辨析：The same people were used in both 5 .通过观察题干，我们发现第5题空前的单词是both，表示“两者都…”。而上文中提到两者的只有“unrelated friends”和“unrelated strangers”，即这项研究的两个样本，所以答案选择C. samples“样本”。 6.[A] insignificant 【解析】此题考查形容词辨析和让步关系：题干While 1% may seem 6 , it is not so to a geneticist句首的While引导让步状语从句，同时提示我们逗号后和逗号前的内容形成一定程度上的对立关系，而且作者的表达重点位于逗号之后，1%的数量对于基因研究者来说影响程度很大。那么对于普通人而言这个数据就显得微不足道了。正确答案只能选择A。 7. [C] know 【解析】此题考查动词辨析和转折关系：题干Most people do not even 7 their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who 8 our kin中说“大多数人甚至不他们的第四代表亲，但是尽量选择和亲属人作为朋友”。even“甚至”这一个词就提示我们应该本题只能选择know“了解，认识”，其他选项都不符合题目要求。 8. [D] resemble
考研英语完型填空之答 案详解 LG GROUP system office room 【LGA16H-LGYY-LGUA8Q8-LGA162】
摘选自星火图书《考研英语各个击破系列——完形填空三步突破法》 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) In 1924 American’ National Research Council sent to engineers to supervise a series of industrial experiments at a large telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago. It hoped they would learn how stop-floor lignting__1__workers productivity. Instead, the studies ended __2___giving their name to the “Hawthorne effect”, the extremely influential idea that the very___3____to being experimented upon changed subject s’ behavior. The idea arose because of the __4____behavior of the women in the Hawthorne plant. According to __5____of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not __6____what was done in the experiment; ___7_someting was changed ,productivity rose. A(n)___8___that they were being experimented upon seemed to be ____9___to alter workers’ behavior ____10____itself. After several decades, the same data were _11__ to econometric the analysis. Hawthorne experiments has another surprise store _12 __the descriptions on record, no systematic _13__ was found that levels of productivity were related to changes in lighting. It turns out that peculiar way of conducting the experiments may be have let to__ 14__ interpretation of what 15___ , lighting was always changed on a Sunday .When work started again on Monday, output __16___ rose compared with the previous Saturday and__ 17 __to rise for the next couple of 18__ , a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Monday, workers__ 19__ to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case , before __20 __a plateau and then slackening off. This suggests that the alleged” Hawthorne effect “ is hard to pin down. 1. [A] affected [B] achieved [C] extracted [D] restored 2. [A] at [B]up [C] with [D] off 3. [A]truth [B]sight [C] act [D] proof 4. [A] controversial [B] perplexing [C]mischievous [D] ambiguous 5. [A]requirements [B]explanations [C] accounts [D] assessments 6. [A] conclude [B] matter [C] indicate [D] work 7. [A] as far as [B] for fear that [C] in case that [D] so long as 8. [A] awareness [B] expectation [C] sentiment [D] illusion 9. [A] suitable [B] excessive [C] enough [D] abundant 10. [A] about [B] for [C] on [D] by 11. [A] compared [B]shown [C] subjected [D] conveyed
2011年考研英语完形填空答案及真题解析(沪江完美版) Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as ―a bodily exercise precious to health.‖ But __1___some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness. Laughter does __2___short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels, ___3_ heart rate and oxygen consumption But because hard laughter is difficult to __4__, a good laugh is unlikely to have __5___ benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does. __6__, instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently accomplishes the __7__, studies dating back to the 1930’s indicate that laughter__8___ muscles, decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down. Such bodily reaction might conceivably help _9__the effects of psychological stress. Anyway, the act of laughing probably does produce other types of ___10___ feedback, that improve an individual’s emotional state. __11____one classical theory of emotion, our feelings are partially rooted ____12___ physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry ___13___they are sad but they become sad when the tears begin to flow. Although sadness also ____14___ tears, evidence suggests that emotions can flow __15___ muscular responses. In an experiment published in 1988,social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of würzburg in Germany asked volunteers to __16___ a pen either with their teeth-thereby creating an artificial smile – or with their lips, which would produce a(n) __17___ expression. Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles ___18___ more exuberantly to funny cartoons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown, ____19___
2011年考研英语完形填空答案及真题解析 阅读提示：本次研究生入学英语考试的完形填空部分原文摘自《科学美国人》网站，原文标题是"How Humor Makes You Friendlier, Sexier" （幽默感为什么能让你看来更友善性感），是一篇标准的科学说明类型文章。下面就请大家对照原题和我们一起来看看这篇文章： Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as “a bodily exercise precious to health.” But ---__1___some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness. Laughter does __2___short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels, ___3_ heart rate and oxygen consumption But because hard laughter is difficult to __4__, a good laugh is unlikely to have __5___ benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does. __6__, instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently accomplishes the __7__, studies dating back to the 1930’s indicate that laughter__8___ muscles, decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down. Such bodily reaction might conceivably help _9__the effects of psychological stress. Anyway, the act of laughing probably does produce other types of ___10___ feedback, that improve an individual’s emotional state. __11____one classical theory of emotion, our feelings are partially rooted ____12___ physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry ___13___they are sad but they become sad when the tears begin to flow. Although sadness also ____14___ tears, evidence suggests that emotions can flow __15___ muscular responses. In an experiment published in 1988,social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of würzburg in Germany asked volunteers to __16___ a pen either with their teeth-thereby creating an artificial smile – or with their lips, which would produce a(n) __17___ expression. Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles ___18___ more exuberantly to funny cartoons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown, ____19___ that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around. ___20__ , the physical act of laughter could improve mood.
1986年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 On Wednesday afternoons Annie took the bus into town to shop in the market. For an hour or __16__ she would walk up and down between the stalls looking at everything, buying here and there, and __17__ a sharp lookout for the bargains that were sometimes to be had. And then, with all the things she needed __18__ she would leave the market for the streets of the town to spend another hour __19__ she liked best: looking in furniture shop windows. One Wednesday she found a new shop full of the most delightful things, with a notice inviting anyone to walk in and look __20__ without feeling they had to buy something. Annie hesitated for a moment before stepping through the doorway where, almost at once, she stopped __21__ before a green armchair. There was a card on the chair which said: “This fine chair is yours __22__ less than a pound a week,” and very small at the bottom, “Cash price eighty-nine pounds fifty.” A pound a week... __23__, she could almost pay that out of her housekeeping money and never miss it! A voice at her shoulder made her __24__. “Can I help you, Madam?”She looked round at the assistant who had come softly to her __25__. “Oh, well, no,” she said. “I was just looking.”“We’ve chairs of all kinds in the showroom. If you’ll just come up, you will find something to suit you.” Annie, worried at the thought of being persuaded to buy something she didn’t need, left the shop hurriedly. 16. [A] so [B] more [C] else [D] another 17. [A] taking [B] making [C] fixing [D] keeping 18. [A] buy [B] bought [C] buying [D] to have bought 19. [A] in a way [B] by the way [C] in the way [D] on the way 20. [A] behind [B] round [C] back [D] on 21. [A] doubted [B] wondered [C] puzzled [D] delighted 22. [A] at [B] for [C] with [D] in 23. [A] Why [B] When [C] How [D] What 24. [A] jump [B] leap [C] laugh [D] wonder 25. [A] place [B] back [ C] side [D] front