第一章船舶动力装置
0001 “Before disconnecting the Oil pipe ，would you flush the oil retained in the pipe _______?”asked the oil barge owner．0001 B A．by using of fresh water （用淡水）B．with compressed air（用压缩空气）
C．by using Of sea water （用海水）D．with chemical compound（用化学混合物）
油驳主人问：“在拆开油管前，你能否用压缩空气吹出保留在管路中的油呢？”
加油结束后，在拆卸油管前，一般用压缩空气吹洗残留在软管内的油。
0002 “Stand by an engine”means _____。“发动机备车”意“使发动机准备起动”。
A．“prepare to stop the engine ”（准备停止主机）
B．“assemble an engine on its bedplate”（在机座上装配主机）
C．“make an engine ready for starting”（使主机准备好以便起动）
D．“dismantle an engine ”（解体主机）0002C
0003 A _______ is the foundation of the engine，without the support of which the shaft
alignment in particular，and engine structure as whole，would inevitably be lost．
（机座是柴油机的基本，没有它的支撑柴油机整机结构的精确的轴线对中将会失去）
A．Frame （机架）B．Bedplate（机座） C. Cylinder （汽缸）D．Liner（缸套）
“机座”是发动机的基础。0003 B
0004 _______ are commonly used in mechanical-hydraulic governor to sense engine speeds．
（在机械—液压式调速器中，飞重常被用来感应主机转速）
A．Bulbs（n.鳞茎, 球形物）B．Bulks （n.大小, 体积, 大批, 大多数, 散装）
C．Flyweights （飞重）D．Flywheels（飞轮、调速轮）
在机械一液压式调速器中，感受发动机速度的部件是“飞重”。0004C
0005 _______ are generally formed in the frame of the both in-line and V ee engines to give maintenance access to the crankshaft main and connecting rod large end beading．
在直列和V型柴油机中，道门通常是被装来提供维修曲轴主轴承和连杆大端轴承的通道。
A．Doors（道门）B．Aspirate gauzer（吸气滤网）
C．Coupling （法兰）D．Blind （盲板）
直列式和Ｖ型发动机的机架上一般都有维修通道(导门)。0005A
0006______arrangements have low temperature and high temperature exhaust gas
passing through adjacent ports，causing temperature differential problems for the liner
material。回流扫气式布置有低温和高温气流通过邻近的气口，使缸套金属产生温差问题
A．Loop scavenge （回流扫气）B．Cross scavenge （横流扫气）
C．Uniflow scavenge （直流扫气）D．Supercharge（增压）
回流扫气中，扫气空气(温度较低)和废气(温度较高)经过相邻的气口。0006A
0007 ______became oval，it should be machined．十字头销变成椭圆形,它需要光车。
A．The upper half of cross-head bearing 十字头轴承上瓦B．the cross-head pin十字头销
C．The cross-head bearing十字头轴承D．The cross-head guide plate十字头导板0007B
0008 ______device is provided to prevent starting air from being admitted to the cylinder before the reversing is completed ．一个联锁装置用来防止在盘车结束前允许起动空气进入气缸
联锁装置可用来防止在发动机换向完成前启动空气进入到气缸。
A．An automatic （n. 自动机械adj.自动的, 无意识的, 机械的）
B．A transmission （n.播送, 发射, 传动, 传送, 传输, 转播）
C．A self-regulating （自动调节）D．An interlocking （.联锁的）0008D
0009 _____fuel oils _____ lubricating oils require treatment before passing to the engine．
在进入主机前燃油和滑油均需进行处理。(燃油和滑油在进入发动机之前，都需要经过处理。) 0009 A
A．Both／and （两者都------) B．Neither／nor .两者都不
C．Either／or(只能二选一的) D．Both／or (没此搭配）
0010 _____is sometimes used for piston cooling since leaks into the crankcase would not cause problems．润滑油有时用来冷却活塞，因为它漏泄到曲轴箱不会产生问题0010 C
滑油用作活塞冷却的一个好处是漏到曲柄箱不会产生污染问题。
A．Diesel oil （柴油）B．Hydraulic Oil（液压油, 水力(系统用)油）
C．Lube oil（.润滑油）D．Mineral oil（矿物油）
0011 _______ is the removal of exhaust gases by blowing in fresh air．
扫气是通过鼓进新鲜空气而清除废气。(通过吹人新鲜空气去除废气的过程叫“扫气”。A项意“气体交换”；B项意“充气”) Ｄ项意“增压”。A．Gas exchange （交换气体）B．Charging （.装料,炉料或增压）
C．Scavenging （扫气）D．Supercharging （增压）0011 C
0012 _______ is used for cylinder and cylinder head，the salt water is used for cooling the
lubricating oil，the fresh water in the coolers and the charging air in the air cooler．
淡水用来冷却汽缸和气缸盖，海水用来冷却滑油，淡水在冷却器里，增压空气在空气冷器中
A．The fuel oil （燃油）B．The lube oil（滑油）
C．The sea water （海水）D．The fresh water （淡水）
用作气缸和气缸头冷却的是淡水。0012D
0013 _______ may be the first possible cause which makes the engine to lose power or
slow down when it is running．当柴油机运行时，轴承发热是引起柴油机功率损失或转速下
降先要的可能原因(发动机运行过程中功率下降或失速的第一可能原因是轴承过热。)
A．Hot bearing （轴承发热）B．Starting valves（起动阀）
C．Unequal distribution of load （负荷分荷环均匀）
D．Excessive crankshaft clearance（轴承间隙过大）0013 A
0014 _______ of an engine crankshaft can be detected by measuring detections of crank
webs for each unit of the engine．柴油机轴线失中情况可通过测量柴油机曲轴各个单位曲柄不同位置的臂距值进行判断。(发动机曲轴失中可以通过测量臂距差来判断。)
A．Misalignment失中B．length （n.长度, 长, 时间的长短, [语]音长）0014A
C．Strength （n.力, 力量, 力气, 实力, 兵力, 浓度）
D．Stresses （n.重压, 逼迫, 压力, 重点, 着重, 强调, 重音）vt. 着重, 强调, 重读
0015 _______of the A-frames there is a strong cast iron frame called the scavenging air box．
在A-型机架的顶部有一个称为扫气箱的坚固的铸铁结构(发动机A字架的顶部有扫气箱。)
A．At the top （在顶部）B．At the bottom （在底部）0015A
C．In the top （无此结构）D．In the bottom （无此结构）
0016 _______ pistons have low inertia and high coefficient of thermal expansion
铝活塞具有惯性低和热膨胀系数高的（特点）。
(铝质活塞具有惯性小(重量轻)、热膨胀系数大的特点。)
A．Cast iron （n.铸铁, 锻铁）B．Cast steel （坩埚钢,铸钢）0016D
C．Forged steel （铸钢）D．Aluminum （铝）
0017 _______ scavenging means both exhaust ports and scavenging ports are arranged to
the same side．回流扫气意思是扫气口和排气口都布置在同一侧。)回流扫气式发动机中，扫气口和排气口布置在同一侧。) 0017C A．Uniflow （直流）B．Cross（横流）C.Loop(回流) D．Straight(直的)
0018 _______ Should not undertake any task which will interfere with the supervision duties
relating to the main machinery and associated equipment．0018A
值班人员不应分派任何将妨碍管理主机和辅机职责的任务。(值班人员不能做任何影响其对主要机械和相关设备监视职责的工作。)
A．The watch keeping personnel （值班人员）B．The chief engineer（轮机长）
C．The person on a bunker barge （油驳上的人员）D．Any of the above （以上任一个）
0019 _______ tappet clearance will cause the exhaust valve to open early and close late in
cycle and will increase its maximum lift. 0019 B
排气阀间隙过小将引起其在一循环中早开迟关并增加其升程。
A．Excessive （adj.过多的, 过分的, 额外）
B．Insufficient（adj.不足的, 不够的n.不足）
C．Correct （adj.正确的, 恰当的, 端正的vt.改正, 纠正, 告诫, 惩戒)
D. None of the above (以上都不是）
气阀推杆间隙过小会引起排气阀过早打开、过晚关闭。
0020 ______ tappet clearance will cause the exhaust valve to open late and close early in
cycle and will reduce its maximum lift．0020 C
排气阀间隙过大将引起其在一循环中迟开早关并减少其升程。
A．Correct （adj.正确的, 恰当的, 端正的vt.改正, 纠正, 告诫, 惩戒)
B．Insufficient （adj.不足的, 不够的n.不足）
C．Excessive （adj.过多的, 过分的, 额外）
D．None of the above(以上都不是）
气阀推杆间隙过大会引起排气阀过晚打开、过早关闭。
0021______ tappet clearance will cause the exhaust valve to open late and close early in
cycle and will reduce its maximum lift．0021 C
排气阀间隙过大将引起其在一循环中迟开早关并减少其升程。
A．Correct （adj.正确的, 恰当的, 端正的vt.改正, 纠正, 告诫, 惩戒)
B．Insufficient （adj.不足的, 不够的n.不足）
C．Excessive （adj.过多的, 过分的, 额外）
D．None of the above is correct (以上都不是）（此题与0020题重复）
0022 _______ the cylinder will contain a great weight of air and will be capable of burning a great quantity of fuel．选项中，较合理的答案只能是A。更好的答案应该是“At the end ofthe compression stroke”。意即“在压缩冲程结束时，气缸中有大量的空气并能燃烧大量的燃油”。在压缩行程初汽缸内将容纳了能大量能点燃大量的燃油的空气。
A．At the beginning of the compression stroke 压缩行程初0022A
B．At the beginning of the suction stroke 吸气行程初
C．At the end of the working stroke 工作行程未
D．At the end of the exhaust stroke 排气行程未
0023 _______ the supercharge pressure is，_______ power an engine develops．
增压压力越大，柴油机输出功率越大。0023 A
A．The higher／the more 越高---越多B．Higher／more 比较高/比较多
C．Higher /little 比较高/比较少D．The higher／the less越高---越少
0024 ______device is provided to prevent starting air from being admitted to the cylinder before the reversing is completed ．一个联锁装置用来防止在盘车结束前允许起动空气进入气缸
A．An automatic （n. 自动机械adj.自动的, 无意识的, 机械的）0024C
B．A transmission （n.播送, 发射, 传动, 传送, 传输, 转播）
C ．An interlocking （.联锁的）
D ．A self-regulating （自动调节）(此题与0008题重复）
0025 _______ is not properly set thus causing either advanced or retarded firing
一台喷油泵定时不确，因此引起的不是早燃就是后燃。0025B
A．A piston （一个活塞）燃油喷射泵没有正确调定，引起发火过早或过晚。
B．A fuel injection pump （一台喷油泵）
C．A feed water pump （一台供水泵）
D．A lube oil pump （一台滑油泵）
0026 _______ means（that) both exhaust ports and scavenging ports are arranged on
the same side．回流扫气意思是扫气口和排气口都布置在同一侧。0026C
A．Uniflow scavenging （直流扫气）B．Cross scavenging （横流扫气）
C.Loop scavenging(回流扫气) D．Straight scavenging(直的扫气)
(此题与0017题重复）
0027 ______ rods are not in proper condition so that too much fuel is supplied to the
corresponding cylinder．调节杆调节不当以致造成相应汽缸供油过多。(燃油)调节杆没有在正确的位置，以致太多的燃油供应到相应的气缸中去了。0027C
A．piston （活塞）B、Sounding（探测、测深）
C．Regulating（调节）D．Connecting（连接，管接头，套管）
0028 ______ shows 1．2 meter and the specific gravity of the oil is 0．96．According to the measuring scale，that makes 150 tons．量油杆显示油位1．2m。测深杆显示是1.2米而油的比重是0.96，根据测量刻度总共是150吨油。
A．The piston rod （活塞杆）B．The push rod（推杆）0028C
C．The sounding rod（测深杆）D．The connecting rod（连杆）
0029 ______ allows for expansion and water make up the water cooling system．
高位水箱（膨胀水箱）允许膨胀和向冷却水系统供水。0029 B
A．A top tank （顶部箱）B．A head tank （落差贮水池、高位水池、压力槽、压头箱）
C．A head valve（头阀）D．A drain tank（排水槽、储油槽）
冷却水系统中的高置水箱(膨胀水箱)用来供冷却水膨胀和补水。
0030 ______ at the end of the distribution pipe ensures that adequate pressure is maintained by the pump．在分配管的未端的一只警报器用来保证泵能保持足够的压力。
A．A relief valve （一个安全阀）B．An alarm（一只警报器）0030 B
C．A pressure gauge （一个压力计）D、A non-return valve（一个止回阀）
分配管端的报警设备用来确保泵维持足够的压力。
0031 ______ is used for washing and drinking（生活水系统是用来冲洗和饮用。0031 D
A、The ballast system （压载水系统）B．The salt water system（海水系统）
C．The bilge system（舱底水系统）D．The domestic system（生活水系统）
船舶日用水系统提供盥洗水和饮用水。
0032 ______ provide the water to the pistons．（伸缩管供水到活塞）
伸缩管用来向活塞提供冷却水0032C
A．Pneumatic pipes （空气管）B．Hydraulic pipes（液压管）
C．Telescopic pipes （伸缩管）D. Operating gas pipes（工作气体管）
0033 ______ are fitted in the exhaust system and facilitate charge removal and scavenging in each cylinder
（在排气系统安装有扩压器，以便各缸的增压空气易于吸入和扫除废气）。
A．Diffusers（扩压器）B、Compressors（压缩机）0033 A
C．Steam boilers（蒸汽锅炉）D．Soot blowers（吹灰器）
发动机排气系统中装备的扩压器有助于排气和扫气。
0034 _____are formed by abrasive particles entering the bearing and scoring the shaft．
groove 凹槽是由进入轴承的磨料和轴划痕引起。
磨粒进入到轴承并在轴上划痕，这样便形成—了凹槽。0034A
A．Grooves（凹槽）B．Recesses（凹进处）C．Ridges 背脊D．Nips（日本佬的）
0035 ______ are mounted on and bolted to the bed-plate cross girders．
机架用螺丝固定在机座横梁。(发动机的机架安装在机座的横梁上并用螺栓与之固定。)
A．The crankshaft 曲轴B．The crankcase 曲柄曲箱0035D
C、The guide-ways 向导D．The frames 机架
0036 ______ is a precaution which contributes to avoiding trouble under normal operating
conditions．不间断监视是为了避免在正常运转条件下出现故障。(连续检查有助于避免在正常运行状态下产生故障。) 0036A
A．Constant inspection（不间断监视）B．Keeping constant load（保持恒定的负荷）
C．Remaining constant temperature（保持恒定的温度）D、varying speed（改变速度）
0037 ______ is a source of power by which the diesel engine may operate．
热能是柴油机能运行的动力源(热能是发动机功率的来源。) 0037D
A、Water energy 水能B．Electrical energy 电能
C．Chemical energy 化学能D．Heat energy 热能
0038 ______ is arranged for cleaning the lubricating oil in the system and clean oil can be provided from a storage tank．离心分油机是用来清洁从储存柜供来的润滑油系统的润滑油0038B
A．A filter 过滤器B、A centrifuge 离心分油机C、A distiller 蒸馏器D．A generator.发电机
滑油系统中，离心式分油机用来清洁滑油。与选项A(滤器)相比，B更合适。
0039 ______ is fully floating in both connecting rod small end and the piston shirt．0039C
活塞销完全浮动于连杆小端与活塞裙间(在二冲程柴油机中，活塞销一般是全浮动式的。)
A．The piston rod 活塞杆B．The cross head pin 十字头销
C．The gudgeon pin （耳轴销、活塞销、舵栓）D．The crank-pin 曲柄销
0040 ______ is made of a boss with separated blades mounted into it
调距桨是由一个带有独立叶片装进其中的轮毂制成。
(调距桨有桨毂和安装在桨毂上的几个桨叶组成。) 0040 A
A．A variable pitch propeller调距桨B．A variable pitch nut 调距螺母
C．A fixed pitch parallel 等距线D、A fixed pitch screw 等距螺丝
0041 ______ is usually driven by the engine camshaft and supplies pilot air to the cylinder air start valve．空气分配器多是由凸轮轴驱动而其供应先导空气给气缸起动阀。0041 D
( 空气分配器一般由发动机的凸轮轴驱动，其作用是供应控制空气到气缸空气启动阀。)
A．An air receiver 空气接收器B．An operating valve 动作阀、操纵阀
C．An automatic valve 自动阀D．An air distributor 空气分配器
C．The inhabitant居民／the water 水D．The additives添加剂／the distilled water .蒸馏水
0042 ______ neutralizes the acid conditions and______cleanses the rings and grooves．
碱中和酸同时清洁环和环槽。(发动机气缸油添加剂中，碱性物质用来中和酸性产物；清洁剂用来清洁活塞环和环槽。) 0042B
A．The detergency.去垢性,去垢力,洗净(作用)／the alkalinity 碱度
B．The alkalinity碱度／the detergency去垢性,去垢力,洗净(作用)
0043 ______ of the controllable pitch propeller enables the blades to be moved to change
the pitch angle．调距螺旋桨的内部机构能使桨叶移动而改变螺旋角。0043 B
A．An external mechanism外部机构B．An internal mechanism内部机构
C．An interlock device 互锁装置D．A hunting gear system 随动系统
调距桨内部机构(调距机构)能使桨叶转动以改变螺距。
0044 ______ on a ship transmits power from the engine to the propeller．0004C
船舶传动系统从柴油机传递动力到螺旋桨
(船上的推进系统把来自于发动机的功率传递给螺旋桨。)
A．Automatic control system 自动控制系统B．Speed regularly system调速系统
C．The transmission system 传动系统D．Compression air system压缩空气系统
0045 ______ or air venting arrangement is fitted to the fuel supply passage．0045D
供油管路装有灌注或排气口。(燃油供应管道中装备有放空气设备。)
A．An air pump 抽气机B．A compressor 压缩机
C．A fuel pump 燃油泵D．A priming 灌注口
0046 ______ providing lubricating films，oil used in marine diesel engines have to remove heat from oil coo1ed piston．船用柴油机润滑油除了提供润滑油膜外，还从活塞带出热量而冷却活塞。0046D
A．Except for 除...以外B、Beside .在旁边, 和...比较
C．Except .除了...之外, 若不是, 除非conj.只是, 要不是D．in addition .除...之外
用在船用柴油机中的滑油，除了能提供润滑油膜外，还能带走活塞中的热量。注意“in
ionto”和“except”两者的区别。
0047 ______ the engines，the diesel engine is ____ used engine on board．0047B
在发动机中，柴油机在船上的应用最广泛。
A．Between／more commonly B．Among／the most commonly
C．Between／not more commonly D．Among／not the most commonly
在发动机中，柴油机用在船舶上最普遍。“among”指“三者及三者以上之中”。注意与
NeeH”用法的区别。
0048 _____ water is more expensive than fresh water，It has high specific heat and low
Viscosity．蒸馏水比淡水更昂贵，它具有高比热低粘度的特性。0048A
A．Distilled adj.由蒸馏得来的B．Distilling 蒸馏(作用)
C．Boiling adj.沸腾的, 激昂的adv.沸腾
D．Boiled 清水罐头(以水或稀盐水作汤汁的罐头) 煮沸的煮熟的
“distilled water"指造水机造出来的淡水。
0049 ______ for the camshaft gear train is taken from a spur gear which for a six cylinder engine is at the coupling end(凸轮轴齿轮系的驱动力来自于正齿轮，对于六缸的发动机，该齿轮位于联轴器端。) 六缸柴油机的凸轮轴齿轮传动链的驱动力从位于联轴节端的正齿轮获得。0049 B A．The driven gear 驱动齿轮B．The drive 驱动力
C．The grease 油脂D．The lubricating oil 滑油
0050 ______ in what position the engine stops there will always be at least one of the cylinders with its starting air valve open to admit compressed air to start the engine．
不管柴油机停止在何位置，至少有一个气缸的空气起动阀处于打开位置以允许空气进入气缸起动柴油机。0050 D
A．Because 多用于表示直接原因B．Owing to 由于, 因...之缘故
C、For prep.(表示目的)为了, 因为, 至于, 对于, 适合于conj.因为
D．No matter 不管
不管发动机停车在什么位置，至少有一个气缸，它的启动空气阀处在开启状态，以允许
空气进入启动发动机。该句表达的是让步状语从句。
0051 ______ is secured by means of side-chock bolts and end-chock bolts．
机座是由称为侧楔垫螺栓和端楔垫螺栓固定。0051 A
A．The bedplate机座B．The column 圆柱, 柱壮物, 专栏, 纵队
C．The main bearing 主轴承D．The double bottom双层底
机座分别通过侧向和端向螺栓(与底座)固定。
0052 ______ controls the fuel Oil temperature in order to provide oil at the correct
Viscosity for combustion．粘度调节器通过控制燃油的温度来实现粘度的控制。0052A
A．The viscosity regulator B．The temperature controller
C．The flow meter D．The pressure switch
0053 ______ for attachment to the propeller shaft also accommodates the turning gear and is integrally forged the crankshaft．
与调距桨轴相连的联轴节法兰，同时也提供给盘车机，它与曲轴是整体锻造而成，
A．The coupling flange B．The camshaft 0053 A
C．The cross-head pin D．The cylinder jackets
0051 A 0052A 0053 A
0054 ______ should be taken out，cleaned，and lifting checked every four to six months．
A、pistons B．Fuel injection valves 0054B
C．Crankshaft D．Cylinder covers
燃油喷射阀(油头)应每4~6个月取出、清洁并进行启阀压力试验。
0055 _____usually helps to induce air movement to assist combustion．
活塞的运动有助于空气在气缸中流动，以利燃烧。
A．Cylinder cover B．Main bearing 0055D
C．The exhaust valve D．The piston movement
0056 ______ may have two emergency source of power，thus requiring two emergency
switchboards．大型客轮上往往装备有两套应急电源，这样需要两个应急配电板。
A．Large passenger vessels B．General cargo ships
C．Container ships D．oil tankers
0057 ______ supplies pilot air to control the cylinder air start valves．
A．An air compressor B．An indicator cock
C．An air distributor D．A safety valve
空气分配器提供控制空气用来控制气缸空气启动阀。
0058 ______ less equipment in contact with sea water，the corrosion problems are much
reduced in a central cooling system．
A．Because B．with C．without D、Though
在中央冷却系统中，由于与海水接触的设备较少，因此腐蚀问题大为减少。注意“with
without)+名词+介词短语”的用法。
0059 ______ clearances in the main or crank pin bearings will sometimes be indicated by
loss of pressure in the lubricating system before any bearing knock is heard．
A．Too larger B．Too smaller C．Excess D．Excessive
主轴承或曲柄销轴承间隙过大，首先表现为滑油系统失压，随后可听到轴承的敲击声，Ａ、选项不正确在于“large"使用了比较级。0056A 0057C 0058B 0059 D 0060 B
0060 A ______ on the delivery side of the pump closes to stop fuel Oil returning from the
injector．燃油泵排出侧的止回阀(单向阀)阻止了燃油从喷射器倒回。
A．return valve B．non-return valve
C．safety unit D．stop valve
0061 A __ensures a constant pressure at the fuel main．压力调节阀确保燃油总管中的压力稳定。
A．transfer pump B．control air bottle
C ．pressure regulating valve D．non returning valve
0062 A cast steel strong back is fitted in way Of the combustion space to help absorb ______ ?
A．flame temperature B．fuel oil (燃烧室处装备铸钢的背板用来吸收燃气的冲击力。)
B air movement D．gas forces
0063 A charge of fresh air is drawn into the engine cylinder and then ______ by the moving
piston ______ very high pressure．新鲜空气被吸人到发动机气缸内，然后被运动的活塞压缩到很高的压力。
A、Pressed／to
B、Pressurized／with
C、pushed／in D．compressed／to
A common trouble with the fuel pump plunger or fuel valve spindle is ______ 。
燃油泵柱塞或燃油针阀常见的故障是漏油。
A．water leakage B．steam leakage C．Oil leakage D．air leakage
0061 C 0062D 0063 D 0064C
0065 A common trouble with the fuel pump plungers or fuel valve spindle is ______ 。
A．broken down B．stuck C．Oil 1eakage D．Carbonized 同上题。
A diesel engine is similar to a gasoline engine except th at the former has to ______ ?
柴油机与汽油机类似，但是无火花塞。
A．cross-head B．cylinder C．connecting rod D．spark plug
0067． A diesel engine’s crankcase oil level is found to be too high．
You should suspect that ______发动机机油充注过多、燃油漏人、冷却水漏人都有可能导致发动机曲柄箱油位过高。
A．the engine was over filled B．there might be a fuel leak
C．there might be a water leak D．all of the above
0068 A distance piece，known as a ______ may be interposed between the rod and the
bearing housing．调距片，即所谓的“压缩片”，插入在连杆和轴承座之间。
A．bearing shell B．bearing liner C compression plate D．lead wire
0069A distance piece，with ground faces，known as a compression plate，may be
interposed between the rod and the bearing housing，its thickness being chosen to ensure the correct ______ 压缩片的厚度可以选择，以确保正确的压缩比。
A．compression pressure B．compression test
C．compression ratio D．compression clearance 0065C 0066D 0067D 0068C 0069 C 0070 A dist
ance piece，with ground faces，may be interposed the rod and the bearing housing，its thickness being chosen to ensure the correct ______ 。同上题。A．expansion ratio B、pressure ratio
C、compression ratio D．clearance ratio
0071 A governor automatically controls engine speed by regulating ______ 。
调速器通过调节燃油的供应来自动地控制发动机的转速。
A．fuel supply B．firing order C．engine load D．oil level
0072 A gudgeon pin in a trunk may be free to float and rotate,with ______ to lim-
it axial movement筒状活塞中的活塞销能自由浮动和转动，使用开口弹簧来限制其轴向位移
A．split B．crankpins C．dipsticks D，circlips
0073 A heater in the circuit facilitates warming of the engine prior to ______ by circulating hot water 发动机冷却水系统中的加热器可用于在发动机启动前通过循环热水来暖机。
A．starting B．stopping C．to start D．to stop
0074 A high temperature alarm or ______ which will melt is used to guard against the explosion of compressor air pipelines 高温报警器或易熔塞用来防止空压机空气管道爆炸。
A．a flame trap B．a relief valve C．a fusible plug D．a bursting cap 0075 A hot air star pipe indicates that there is ______ ，空气启动管路过热表明空气启动阀漏气
A．inefficient cooling B．a leaking air start valve
C．a clogged drain valve D．a leaking air bottle
0071 A 0072D 0073 A 0074C 0075B
0076 A level gauge for a tank is to ______ 油(水)舱液位表用来表示液体的含量。
A．give the pressure B．give the contents
C ．give the shape of the tank D．give the accuracy level
0077 A low speed engine requires ______ reduction gearbox ______ it and propeller．
低速发动机用作主推进装置时，不需要减速齿轮箱(介于发动机和螺旋桨之间)。
A．none／both B，no／both C．none／between D．no／between
0078 A lubricant often has to perform many duties in any situation，in addition to its fundamental job of ______ 润滑剂除了其基本功用是减少摩擦之外，还能起到其他许多作用。
A．resisting oxidization B．reducing friction
C．promoting moving speed D．developing inertia ．
0079、A main bearing consists of two shells which are secured by means of studs and ______
主轴承有两个轴瓦组成，轴瓦由双头螺栓和轴承盖来固定。
A．tie rods B．through bolts C．lead wires D．bearing caps
0080 A number of cylinder liners are enclosed in one cast iron to form a ______ ?
几个缸套被封闭在一个铸铁件内便形成了一个气缸体。
A．cylinder cover B．cylinder block C．cylinder frame D．bed-plate 0076B 0077D 0078B 0079 D 0080 B
0081 A number of different scavenging methods ______ in slow speed two-stroke engines．在低速二冲程柴油机中，使用了几种不同的扫气方式。选项A中“use"用作名词。
A．are in use B．is used C．are using D．has been used
0082 A reduction in load on a diesel engine results in ______ of
speed of the crankshaft．柴油机负荷减少会导致曲轴转速上升。
A． a reduction B．an increase C，an outing D． a downwards 0083 A sealing arrangement is provided at ______ of the tail-shaft with the propeller and
cone completing the arrangement．船舶推进系统中，尾轴两端各装了一套密封装置(首尾密封)。
A．both ends B..neither end C．the outboard end D．either end
0084 A separate piston cooling system is used ______ any contamination from piston cool?
ing glands to the piston cooling system only．活塞冷却系统往往是独立的，以限制来自于活塞冷却格兰的污染物仅仅在活塞冷却系统内(避免污染到曲柄箱)。
A．A help B．to limit C．to protect D．to remove
0085 A separate piston cooling system is used to limit any contamination from piston cooling glands ______ the piston cooling system only．同上题。A．between ,to B．either，or
C．from，to D．neither，nor
0081 A 0082B 0083 D 0084B 0085C
0086 A single piece _____ fitted with bronze rings guides the piston in the cylinder liner
装有铜质活塞环的活塞裙引导活塞在缸套上运动。
A．piston B．piston crown
C.guide way D．cross-head ，
0087 A slow-speed two-stroke diesel usually arranged to operate continuously on heavy fuel oil
and has available a _____ supply for manoeuvring conditions．低速二冲程柴油机能依靠重油连续运行，同时在机动操纵状态下能使用轻柴油。A．Lubricating B．diesel oil
C．residual oil D．hydraulic oil
0088 A variable pitch propeller is made _____ a boss with separate blades mounted into it.
见第40题。be made up of=consist of=be comPosed of意“由……组成A．Of B．up of C．from D．out
0089 A：Please tell me the specifications and quantity．B：_____. 300t 指燃油的数量，180cSt指燃油的规格。
A．Pump diesel oil first B.300 tons of 180 cSt fuel oil
C．The figure is all right D．OK，I’ll sign it
About half an hour before the engine is required，cooling water at _____ must be circulated用车前大约半小时，冷却水应在工作温度下循环暖机。A．more than the working temperature B．less than the working temperature C．the working temperature D．the same as the surrounding temperature 0086A 0087B 0088B 0089 B 0090 C
0091 According tO the way the energy of the exhaust gases is utilized，pressure-charging can be divided into two main systems，namely，the constant-pressure system and _____
A．the pulse-phase system B．the pulse Doppler system
C．the pulse system D．the pulse interval
发动机废气涡轮增压有两种不同的系统，即定压增压和脉冲增压。0092Acid solution _____ in the system can be tested from time to time by putting some
on to a piece of lime．系统中流体的酸性强度可通过氧化钙(石灰)的方法来化验。
A．strength B．dense C．percentage D，velocity
0093 Additives _____ protective layers on metal surfaces guarding them against corrosion．
A．damage B．form C．dissolve D．contaminate添加剂在金属表面形成保护层以防止腐蚀。“form”用作动词，意“形成”。
0094 Adjust _____ by means of lead wire．可以用压铅丝法来调节主轴承的间隙。
A.the clearance of the main bearing B．the diameter of main bearing
C．the gap of main bearing D．the tolerance of main bearing
0095 Administrations should bear in mind the significance of _____ in maintaining safety
of life and property at sea and in preventing marine pollution．主管机关应牢记在保持海上人命、财产安全和防止海洋污染方面，通信和语言技能的重要意义。
A．advanced nautical equipment B．advanced performance main engines C．emergency equipment D．Communication and 1anguage skills
0091 C 0092A 0093 B 0094A 0095D
0096 A-frames and cylinder block is held together by _____ to form a rigid structure．A字架和气缸体用贯穿螺栓固定。tie rod=tie bolt=through bolt。
A.connecting rods D．piston rods C．tie rods D．jack-bolts
0097 A-frames are mounted on the bed plate and support _____ and cylinder block．A字架安装在机座上，用采支撑支柱和气缸体。
A．the main bearing B.the cylinder cover
C．the entablature D．the sump
0098 after“F．W．E．”is given，the air system is shut down，the _____ gear put in，
all drains and indicator cocks opened，and the cooling water kept running. 接到“完车”车钟后，关闭空气系统，合上盘车机，打开所有放残口和示功考克，但是冷却水应继续循环一段时间。
A．steering B．timing C．turning D．running
0099 After ensuring that _____ is correct the bearing clearance should be checked．确保“过盈压隙”正确后，检查轴承间隙。
A．nap B．gap C．nip D．deflection
0100 After fitting back in place the gear wheels，don’t forget _____ them．齿轮装回原地后，不要忘了给它们上油。“forget to do sth。”表示“忘了要去做某事”；“forget doing sth．”表示“忘了做过某事”。A．to greasing B．greasing C．oiling D．lubricating
0096C 0097C 0098C 0099 C 0100 A 0101 After passing through the turbine the exhaust gas is conducted out into the——.发动机废气经过废气涡轮增压器的透平后，便被通到大气。A．intercooler B．compressor C．cy1inder D．Open air
0102 After the engine is warmed，we should——the turning gear before starting up the engine发动机暖机后，在启动之前应脱开盘车机。takeout=disengage；put in =engage。
A．take in B．put in C．take out D．put up
0103 After the older"______"is given，the air system is shut down，the turning gear put in．
接到“完车”车钟后，关闭空气系统，合上盘车机。
A．Finished With Engine B．Stop The Eng4ne
C．Stand-by Engine D．Slow-down Engine
0104 Air cocks，usually positioned at the——in a circulating system，is used to get rid of the air in the system．空气考克，通常位于循环系统的最高处，用来排除系统中的空气。
A．bending joint B．expansion tank
C．weld D．the highest point
0105 All the rings are slightly rounded on their external top and bottom edges to keep the oil film on the cylinder liner during——for new piston rings “running-in period"指“磨合期，跑合期”。
A．the running-in period B．The running process
C．gas exchange process D．the boiler firing
0101 D 0102 C 0103 A 0104 D 0105 A
0106 All three systems have the ports _____ to swirl the incoming air and direct it in the
appropriate path．所有三种扫气系统中，气口都成一定角度，使进气作回转运动。注意结构“haved….. done'’。
A．angled B．rounded C．being angled D．being rounded
0107 Although the crankshafts of medium diesel engines appear to be robust，they rely on
the appropriate of _____ to develop the their full strength．发动机的曲轴依靠主轴承的支撑，才能发挥功能。
A．the piston rods B．the crank throws
C．the thrust bearings D．the main bearing
0108 Aluminum pistons have _____ coefficient of thermal expansion compared with those
of cast iron．铝质活塞与铸铁活塞相比，热膨胀系数较大。
A．higher B．lower C．the same D.none of the above
0109 Among the ring of a piston the _____ one is subjected to the greatest load and
temperature．活塞环中，顶部第一道环承受最大的负荷和最高的温度。A．bottom B．middle C．top D．none of the above
0110 An aluminum piston has lower inertia and higher coefficient of _____ compared to
that of cast iron．见第108题。
A．viscosity B.twisting moments C，inertia D．thermal expansion 0106 A 0107 D 0108 A 0109 C 0110 D
0111 An electrically driven automatically operating auxiliary blower is provided for slow speed and _____ of a low speed diesel engine．低速柴油机中，往往安装一台电力驱动的辅助(应急)鼓风机用于低速和机动操纵工况。
A. manoeuvring operations B．bad combustion C．cooling D．mooring trial 0112 An increase in load on a diesel engine results in _____ of speed of the crankshaft．发动机负荷减少会导致曲轴转速上升。
A．a reduction B．an increase C．an outing D．a downwards
0113 An indicator diagram is a pressure-volume graph taken from the pressure in the _____ of a working engine．示功图可以用来表达发动机工作时某个缸内压力与体积的关系。
A．crankcase B．fuel pump C．scavenge trunk D．cylinder
0114 An interlock in the remote operating valve line stops the valve _____ when the engine
turning gear is engaged．发动机启动时，如果盘车机未脱开，联锁装置能阻止启动阀打开。句中，stops=prevents. A．to open B．opening C．open D．opened
0115 An overspeed safety device is usually fitted to a generator engine for _____ in the
event of overspeed．发电柴油机超速安全保护设备，一旦发动机超速运转，便能卸载。
A．cutting power off the engine B．increasing the fuel pump setting C．braking the crankshaft D．stabilizing the ship speed
0111 A 0112 A 0113 D 0114 B 0115 A
0116 As a heat engine，_____ energy is the source of power by which the diesel engine
can be operated．柴油机作为热机，热能是其功率的来源。
A．electric B．heat C．mechanical D．exhaust
0117 As for a diesel engine，lack of combustion air may be dne to _____.对于柴油机，透平污垢会导致燃烧空气不足。
A．fouling turbine B．fuel pump faults
C．lubrication failure D．excessive cooling
0118 As the plunger moves up，the ports are closed and the fuel _____ and delivered to
the injector nozzle at very high pressure．随着柱塞上行，进油口被关闭，燃油被加压，并以很高的压力排到喷嘴。
A．being compressed B．to be pumped up
C．is pressurized D，are built up
0119 At least _____ cylinder in a two-stroke engine will be configured to ensure that
the engine can be started with the crankshaft at whatever position．二冲程柴油机要能正常工作至少需要4个气缸。A．6 B．12 C．4 D．8
0120 At least _____ cylinders in four-stroke engine will be configured to
ensure that the
engine can be started with the crankshaft at whatever position.
四冲程柴油机要能正常工作至少需要6个气缸。
A. 6
B. 2
C. 12
D. 8
0116 B 0117 A 0118 C 0119 C 0120 A
0121 At the top of the A-frames there is a strong cast iron frame called _____
A字架的顶部有一个铸铁架，即扫气箱。
A. cylinder liner
B. cylinder cover
C. the gear box
D. the scavenging box 0122 Be sure to make the engine turn by _____ before starting and after stopping.
发动机启动前和停车后，应用盘车机盘车。
A. steering gear
B. turning gear
C. steering wheel
D. turning cycle 0123 Bearing knocks are likely to occur from _____轴承敲击往往是由轴承磨损所致。
A. less clearance
B. dirty lube oil
C. overload
D. bearing wear
0124 Because the castings of smaller engines are not so big and heavy, _____ and cylinder
block may be made in one piece.
由于小型发动机的铸件不是很重也不是很大，机架和气缸体可以做成一体。
A. the column
B. the jacket
C. cylinder cover
D. cylinder liner
0125 Bedplates are the _____ of the engine, without the support of which the shaft
alignment in particular, and engine structure as a whole, would inevitably be lost.
机座是发动机的基础。
A. hull
B. projection
C. graphitication
D. foundation
0121 D 0122 B 0123 D 0124 A 0125 D
0126 Before "stand by" _____ on the engine telegraph, it is usual to give the main
diesel engine a brief trial on power ahead and astern.在给“备车”车钟前，通常对主机进行短暂的正倒车各试车一次。，“rung”是“ring"的过去分词。
A. is delivered
B. is rung
C. is sent
D. is transferred
0127 Before "stand by" is rang on the engine telegraph, it is usual to give the main diesel
engine a brief trial _____ ahead and astern.见上句。
A. with power
B. on power
C. with air
D. on air
0128 Before "stand-by" is rung on the engine telegraph, it is usual to give the main engine
_____ ahead and astern.见上句。
A. a brief trial with turning gear
B. a brief trial on power
C. a long trial by steering gear
D. one minute's trial with windlass
0129 Before a marine diesel engine is started the cylinders and pistons must be _____船用柴油机启动前，气缸和活塞应逐渐地暖机到合适的温度。
A. cooled to appropriate temperature
B. warned up gradually to appropriate temperature
C. opened up and renewed
D. ground and polished
0130 Before being used the fuel service tank should be drained of _____燃油日用柜使用前应放残
A, soda solution B. mechanical impurities C. ballast D. water and residuals
0126 B 0127 B 0128 B 0129 B 0130 D
01.31 Before installing the seal, every part of the _____ and the rod should be carefully
cleaned.在安装密封前，填料箱的每一部分和活塞杆应仔细清洁。
A. bed-plate
B. crankcase
C. evaporator
D. packing box
0132 Before pumping up the crankcase oil, _____ should be worked by hand to minimize
corrosive action on the liners.在泵送曲柄箱油之前，应手动操作气缸注油器以减少对缸套的腐蚀作用。
A. the indicators
B. the starting valves
C. the cylinder lubricators
D. the turning gear
0133 Before putting on the starting air, the reversing and control gear should be _____在发动机通人启动空气之前，应检查换向机构和控制装置。
A. operated
B. stopped
C. checked D, removed
0134 Before replacing a piston you should cheek that all rings are _____在更换活塞之前，应检查所有活塞环应处在自由状态。
A. free
B. fastened
C. broken
D. stuck
0135 Before replacing a piston you should cheek the rings to see that all clearances and gaps axe _____ the permissible tolerances.在更换活塞之前，应检查活塞环，确认所有的间隙和间距都在允许公差范围之内“within"意“在．．范围内”。
A. above
B. at
C. over
D. within
0131 D 0132 C 0133 C 0134 A 0135 D
0136 Before replacing a piston you should cheek the rings to see that all clearances and
gaps are within the permissible _____见上句。“tolerance"意“公差”。
A. deflection
B. discrepancy
C. error
D. tolerance
0137 Before starting the engine the air bottle should be _____在启动发动机之前，空气瓶应充满压缩空气。注意不能选D(把空气瓶打开)。
A. pumped up
B. loaded
C. discharged
D. opened
0138 Before starting the turning gear, _____ should be worked by hand to minimize
corrosive action on the liners.见第132题。
A. the indicators
B. the starting valves
C. the cylinder lubricators
D. the turning gear
0139 Blow-off of the relief valves of the engines cylinders may be caused by _____
发动机气缸释放阀爆开可能是由油头漏油引起。
A. too low load
B. water in fuel
C. too tight spring
D. leakage
0140 Blow-off of the relief valves of the main cylinders during operation indicates _____
运行期间，主机气缸释放阀爆开标明凸轮轴没有正确调定。
A. the cylinder cover is cracked
B. the injector holes is clogged
C. the cams are not properly set
D. fuel pump is leaking
0136 D 0137 A 0138 C 0139 D 0140 C
0141 Bridge gauge can be used to measure _____ of a diesel engine.一般地说，桥规用来测量主轴颈的下沉量。A选项应改为“sagging of journals"才正确
A. diameters of journals
B. deflections of crankwebs
C. diameters of crankpins
D. none of the above
0142 Burmeister & Wain engines are very reliable but they very wisely provide excellent
documentation to cover many contingencies which may only rarely _____ B&W发动机非常可靠，但是它们也非常明智地提供了证明文件，这些文件包括极其偶然发生的事件(事故)。“arise"为不及物动词，此处相当于“occru”。
A. arise
B. rise
C. raise
D. risk
0143 Care and cleanliness are required when installing diesel fuel filters _____安装燃油滤器时，要采取小心措施以避免空气大量进入燃油系统，同时要保持清洁，以免燃油系统被污垢颗粒堵塞。
A. to prevent the fuel system from becoming air-bound
B. to prevent the fuel system becoming clogged with dirty particles
C. both of the above
D. to prevent the lubricating oil from leaking out of the filter element
0144 Cast iron carrier tings, _____ machined grooves, are provided for all the pistons.题干表达有误。“all the piston"后应加上“rings"。所有活塞环
都有铸铁垫环，该垫环嵌人在机加工的凹槽内。
A. caulked into
B. caulking into
C. pressed into
D. screwed into
0145 Charging is the filling of the engine cylinder with a supply of _____ for compression.发动机气缸充气是指向气缸注入一股新鲜空气以备压缩。
A. water
B. fresh air
C. fuel oil
D. gas0141 A 0142 A 0143 C 0144 A 0145 B
0146 Charging is the filling of the engine cylinder with a supply or charge of fresh air _____
compression.见上句。
A. to need
B. ready for
C. want to
D. going to be
0147 Charging-air pressure increases if there is incorrect combustion and drop in the _____ of
the diesel engine.如果柴油机燃烧不良，机械效率下降，进气空气压力就会提高。
A. machine efficiency
B. machinery efficiency
C. mechanical efficiency
D. mechanics efficiency
0148 Compressed air is supplied by air compressors to _____空压机提供压缩空气至空气瓶。air receiver=air bottle=air reservoir。
A. the air receivers
B. the starting valves
C. the cylinder covers
D. the distributors
0149 Compressed air is used on board ship _____压缩空气在船上有多种用途，如启动柴油发动机、用于气功控制系统、用于气动工具等。
A. for starting diesel engines
B. in pneumatic control system
C. in pneumatic tools
D. All the above are true.
0150 Constant cooling the various components of diesel engine has a number of functions except for _____柴油机不同部件连续冷却，有助于润滑、减少热应力、保持金属材料的良好机械性能，但不能减少酸性腐蚀。
A. good lubrication
B. low thermal stress
C. good mechanical properties
D. acid corrosion
0146 B 0147 C 0148 A 0149 D 0150 D 0151 Cooling enables the engine metals _____ their mechanical properties.冷却使得发动机的金属保持它们的机械性能。参考答案有误，正确答案应为A。
A. to retain
B. to remain
C. to maintenance
D. t o have
0152 Cooling of engine is achieved by circulation a cooling liquid around internal passages
within the _____发动机的冷却是通过在发动机内部流道循环冷却液体来实现的。
A. boiler
B. heater
C. engine
D. cooler
0153 Cooling of engines is achieved _____发动机的冷却是通过循环淡水来实现的。
A. by blowing charge air
B. by circulating with salt water
C. by circulating with refrigerant
D. by circulating with fresh water
0154 Cooling of engines is achieved by _____ a cooling liquid around internal passages
within the engine.见第152题。介词“by”后接动名词。
A. flowed
B. flowing
C. mixing
D. circulating
0155 Cooling of engines is achieved by circulating a cooling liquid around internal _____
within the engine.见第152题。
A. air
B. passages
C. pipes
D. means
0151 D 0152 C 0153 D 0154 D 0155 B
0156 Cracks in cylinder and cylinder covers may _____ from unequal heating .发动机气缸及气缸盖裂纹是由于不均匀受热所致。“result from”意“由……引起”。
A. make
B. cause
C. result
D. produce
0157 Cracks in the cylinders and cylinder covers may _____ unequal heating.见上句。“result in”意“导致”。
A. result from
B. result in
C. give out
D. given from
0158 Cracks in the cylinders and cylinder covers may result from _____见
第156题。
A. low speed
B. unequal heating
C. less lubricating
D. low charge air pressure
0159 Crankshafts of medium speed engines are _____ from a single piece of steel.中速柴油机的曲轴几乎都是有一块钢整体锻造而成。
A. unusually solid welded
B. never be solid forged
C. almost invariably solid forged
D. almost invariably be welded
0160 Cross scavenging requires the fitting of _____ to prevent air or exhaust gas escape
when the piston is at the top of the stroke.横流扫气方式中，需要活塞裙的结构配合，以防止当活塞处在上止点时空气和废气逃逸。
A. a exhaust valve
B. a piston skirt
C. a piston crown
D. an air suction valve
0156 C 0157 A 0158 B 0159 C 0160 B
0161 Cross-head bearing bushes found worn out to be remetaled, clearance to be readjusted
by means of _____十字头轴承的轴瓦发现磨损，需要重浇合金，轴承间隙用垫片重新调节。该句为修理单格式。“shim"指轴承垫片。
A. bridge gauge
B. shim
C. flexibled
D. lead wire
0162 Cylinder liner cooling is often referred to as _____气缸套的冷却即是指缸套冷却。
A. piston cooling
B. sleeve cooling
C. central cooling
D. jacket cooling 0163 Cylinders of marine diesel engines are normally cooled by _____船用柴油机的气缸一般都用淡水冷却。
A. sea water
B. fine mineral oil
C. sanitary water
D. fresh water
0164 Diesel engines are started by supplying _____ into the cylinders in the appropriate
sequence for the required direction.柴油机的启动是通过按所需要的方向以合适的顺序向气缸通人压缩空气来实现的
A. cooling water
B. compressing air
C. compressed air
D. cylinder oil 0165 Diesel engines are started by supplying _____ into the cylinders in the appropriate
sequence for the required direction.同上题。
A. fuel oil
B. diesel oil
C. compressed air
D. jacket water
0161 B 0162 D 0163 D 0164 C 0165 C
0166 Diesel oil may be used to cool _____ of a diesel engine.柴油可用来冷却柴油机的油头
A. cylinders
B. exhaust valves
C. pistons
D. fuel valves
0167 Dirt in the fuel oil system of a diesel engine can cause _____柴油机燃油系统中的脏物会引起滤器堵塞。
A. clogged filters
B. poor combustion
C. overloading of the diesel
D. shock of fuel lines
0168 Dirty oil must _____ before being used again .脏油在再次使用前必须净化。
A. wash
B. loosen
C. be mixed
D. be purified
0169 Dirty oil must be _____ before being used again .同上题。
A. mixed with clean oil
B. purified
C. heated
D. strained
0170 Doors are generally formed in the _____ of the both in-line and Vee engines to
give maintenance access to the crankshaft main and connecting rod large end bearing.
直列式和V型发动机的机架上一般都有维修通道(导门)。
A. bedplates
B. columns
C. cylinder blocks
D. safety caps
0166 D 0167 A 0168 D 0169 B 0170 B
0171 Due to _____ action of pistons some relative motion between parts in contact in the
coolant supply and return system must occur.由于活塞的往复运动，与冷却剂供应及返回管路接触的部件之间的某种相对运动必然发生。
A. reciprocating
B. rotating
C. running
D. removing
0172 During _____ , the starting air valves should be closed to prevent the
engine from
turning.大修期间，启动空气阀应该关闭以防止发动机转动。“overhaul"指“大修、检修”
A. overhaul
B. running
C. blowing down
D. All of the above are correct.
0173 During repair, lubrication lines and orifices must be _____修理期间，润滑管路及注油口应密封。
A. taken away
B. engaged
C. connected
D. sealed off
0174 During the inspection, the starting air valves should be closed _____ the engine
from turning.检查期间，启动空气阀应关闭以防止发动机转动。
A. to increase
B. to speed up
C. to prevent
D. to reduce
0175 During the suction stroke, the piston is moving _____吸气冲程期间，活塞下行。
A. inwards
B. outwards
C. downwards
D. upwards
0171 A 0172 A 0173 D 0174 C 0175 C
0176 During working, when the piston is near the _____ , the air ignites the fine spray of fuel.
发动机工作时，当活塞接近上止点时，空气便点燃细雾状的燃油
A. TDC
B. DTC
C. BDC
D. BCD
0177 Each crank is made up of two crank webs joined by a common _____ to which the
bottom end bearing is fitted.每个曲拐由两个曲臂连接到共用的曲柄销组成，下端轴承安装在曲柄销上。 A. throw B. crankshaft C. crankpin D. crosshead
0178 Each cylinder has one starting valve which is usually opened by air pressure and closed
by _____每个气缸有一个启动阀，该阀由空气压力米打开，由弹簧力来关闭。
A. nuts and bolts
B. new joints
C. spring force
D. sealing rings 0179 Each cylinder is closed at the top by a _____ , made of a special heat-resistant steel. 气缸的顶部由气缸盖封闭，缸盖由特殊的耐热钢制造
A. cylinder liner
B. coupling flange
C. cylinder cover
D. piston crown 0180 Each cylinder liner on the marine medium speed engines ___船用柴油机的缸套磨损后可以更换。
A. is usually cooled by sea water
B. can be replaced when worn out
C. is in direct contact with the water in the bore of the cylinder
D. can t expand when heated
0176 A 0177 C 0178 C 0179 C 0180 B
0181 Each journal and pin should be examined for _____ and groo~ng.
轴颈和曲柄销应检查是否有凸台(“雷治”)和凹槽
A. bridges
B. recesses
C. rears
D. ridging
0182 Each of the engine cylinders is lubricated from a lubricator, driven by _____
气缸注油器一般由发动机的凸轮轴来驱动。
A. a separated motor
B. the engine's camshaft
C. the engine's piston
D.
a turbine
0183 Each piston stuffing box is provided with two sealing rings and three _____每个活塞填料箱装有两道密封环和三道刮油环。
A. packings
B. piston tings
C. distributor tings
D. scraper rings
0184 Early stem-tube bearing used bearing materials such as lignumvitae which were lubricated by _____使用铁梨木尾轴承的尾轴管，直接用海水润滑。
A. oil
B. grease
C. fresh water
D. sea water
0185 Either a low injection pressure or a leakage of piston tings is able to lead _____
喷油压力低、活塞环漏气，都会引起排气冒黑烟。
A. a high exhaust temperature
B. a high smoky exhaust
英语翻译模拟试题 一、高中英语翻译 1．高中英语翻译题：Translate tbe following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1．我们打篮球的时间到了。 (time) 2．他设法把游客及时送到了机场。 (manage) 3．你今晚能来参加我的生日聚会? (possible) 4．应该鼓励年轻人按照自己的特长选择职业。(encourage) 5．我对学生所谈的电子产品一无所知，我发现自己落伍了。(ignorant) 6．尽管遭受如重的自然灾害，但只要不灰心，我们终会克服暂时的困难。(Although...) 【答案】 1．It’s time for us to play basketball. 2．He managed to send the tourists to the airport in time. 3．Is it possible for you to attend my birthday party this evening? 4．Young people should be encouraged to choose their careers according to their own strong points. 5．Being ignorant of the electronic products the students are talking about, I find myself left behind. 6．Although we are suffering such a severe natural disaster, we will eventually overcome the temporary difficult as long as we don’t lose heart. 【解析】 1．考查time的用法。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时，it is time for sb to do sth “该到某人做某事了”。为固定句型。再根据其它提示。故翻译为：It’s time for us to play basketball。2．考查manage的用法和一般过去时。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时，manage to do sth“设法做某事”为固定短语。in time“ 及时”为介词短语，在句中作状语。再根据其它提示。故翻译为：He managed to send the tourists to the airport in time。 3．考查possible的用法和一般现在时。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时，it is possible for sb to do sth “ 某人做某事是可能的”，it作为形式主语完成整个句子，不定式作为真正主语。再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：Is it possible for you to attend my birthday party this evening? 4．考查encourage的用法。encourage sb. to do sth.的被动语态形式就是sb. be encouraged to do sth.另外，此题还考查短语according to（按照）和strong points(长处，特长)。再根据其它提示。故翻译为：Young people should be encouraged to choose their careers according to their own strong points。 5．考查形容词短语作状语、定语从句以及find的用法。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时，主语为I ，谓语为find， find oneself done表示“发现自己被…”,left behind是“被落在后面了”作宾语补足语。Being ignorant of the electronic products the students are talking about 为形容词短语作原因状语从句。products 为先行词，在后面的定语从句中，作talk about的
高考英语翻译技巧与能力训练 高考英语中的翻译（中译英）题要求考生能应用所学过的语法和词汇来准确地表达思想，是一种要求相当高的考查形式。要求考生把中文的句子译成通顺的、语法结构正确的、符合英语表达习惯的英语句子，并能准确地传达中文句子中的每一个信息。该题型全面地考查学生英语词汇、语法等知识的综合运用能力，它对学生的动词时态、语态、名词的单复数、冠词、形容词、副词、介词等应用能力，还对学生的词组、句型、句子结构等进行了全面考查。翻译不仅在高考英语主观题中占不小的比例，而且翻译能力还直接影响考生在作文中的表现。 高考评分标准: 1．每题中单词拼写、标点符号、大小写错误每两处扣一分；2．语法错误（包括时态错误）每处扣一分；3．译文没用所给的单词扣一分。 如何才能提高中译英水准，在高考中获得理想的分数呢？考生除了必须具备比较扎实的语言基础外，关键还在于学会总结规律，找准中译英的切入点。 一、分析句子结构、寻找合适的句型 中文必须仔细读，一定要看的就是题目给我们的关键字或关键的词组，也就是我们常说的key words。尤其是最后两句翻译句子，它们大都在句子结构上提高了难度。读什么？读出句子结构：对于简单句，辨别出主谓宾，分清定语、同位语和状语；对于并列句，记住两个语法意义上独立的分句，须由连词连接起来；对于复合句，须区分定语从句，名词性从句以及状语从句。一般来说，中译英的句型可分为三大类：1.简单句；2.并列句；3.复合句；同时我们也要注意非谓语动词及其他一些特殊结构。回顾近几年的高考试题时，也不难发现试题中考了一些特殊句式。如：It句型(近几年考得较为频繁)、倒装句、with结构。 例1: 昨天我的电脑坏了。(wrong) 解析：本题考查：1)简单句There be结构；2)wrong的用法；3)中英文表达的差异。 译句：There was something wrong with my computer yesterday. 例2: 遇到困难的时候，我们需要的不是彼此埋怨，而是互相帮助。(not…but) 解析：本题考查：1)复合句：when引导的状语从句；what引导的主语从句；2)not…but结构；3)“彼此埋怨”的英文翻译。 译句：When(we are)in difficulty/When we meet with difficulties/When we have difficulties ,what we need is not to blame each other but to help each other. 例3：我们能做什么来阻止这种疾病蔓延呢？（prevent） 分析：如果有学生没有读全中文原句的话，就很有可能看成是以前所做的“我们要做些什么来阻止这种疾病的蔓延”，而译为We should do something to prevent the spread of this disease.因为这个原因而造成扣分，就太不应该了。 译句：What can we do to prevent the spread of this disease? 例4：他很有可能通过自己的努力得到驾驶执照。（likely） 译句：He is likely to get the driving license with his own efforts. 分析：有些学生一看到有可能，就会想到自己比较熟悉的possible，想当然地翻译成It is possible that…的结构。其实，学生对likely这个key word的使用也是会的，完全能够使用be likely to do或It’s likely th at…的结构。 例5：上海近几年经历了许多变化，如今已成为世界闻名的经济中心。（go through） 分析：乍一看，学生很容易轻易下笔，Shanghai has gone through…,it has become…，这已成为很多学生的一个习惯，句子和句子中随便用逗号隔开，英语不像中文，必须要考虑到句子的结构，逗号也不能随意使用。而此句中，就要想到用并列句中的连接词and来连接两个成分。
轮机英语词汇 1、pump 泵 ①Supply pump供给泵②transfer pump 输送泵 ③circulating pump 循环泵④bilge pump 舱底水泵 ⑤ballast pump 压载水泵 1、tank ①drain tank 泄放柜②service tank 日用柜 ③settling tank沉淀柜④storage tank 储存柜 ⑤circulating tank 循环柜⑥used oil tank 废油柜 ⑦buffer tank 缓冲柜⑧overflow tank 溢流柜 ⑨Collecting tank 收集柜⑩expansion water tank 膨胀水箱 2、water ①sea water (S.W.) 海水②fresh water (F.W.)淡水 ③operating water 工作水④sanitary water 卫生水 ⑤washing water冲洗水⑥refilling water 再注水 ⑦feed water给水⑧condensate water 冷凝水 ⑨bilge water 舱底水⑩sewage污水 2、oil ①fuel oil (F.O.) 燃油②lubricating oil (L.O.) 滑油 ③engine oil 机油④cylinder oil 气缸油 ⑤diesel oil (D.O.) 柴油⑥turbine oil 透平油 ⑦cool oil 冷却油⑧seal oil 密封油 3、temperature (temp) 温度 4、flow 流量 5、pressure（press）压力 6、power 功率 10、level 液位 11、vibration 振动 12、normal/abnormal 正常/异常 13、main/auxiliary (aux.) 主要/辅助的 14、inlet/exhaust 进气/排气 15、fire alarm 火警 16、fail/failure 故障 17、overload 过载 18、no-voltage 失电 19、leak/leakage 泄漏 20、wrong-way 错向 21、insulation(insul) 绝缘 22、oil mist 油雾 23、viscosity 粘度 24、density 浓度 25、salinity 盐度 26、oil content 油含量
英语翻译题库Translation. Directions: This part is to test your ability to translate English to Chinese. Each of the 10 sentences is followed by four choices of suggested translation marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer. 1. When exporting goods, it is essential to arrange insurance cover in case the goods are lost or damaged in transit. A.为了促进货物出口, 减少货物的丢失或者损坏, 必须发展保险业. B.出口时, 货物基本上都会上保险, 这样货物就避免了丢失或损坏. C.出口货物时必须办理保险, 以防货物在运输过程中丢失或者损坏. D.出口前货物一般都会上保险, 以便在货物遗失或损坏后得到赔偿. 2. If we do not receive payment by the end of this month, we will have no alternative but to take legal action. A.如果本月底我们还收不到付款, 我们将会采取除申诉以外的一切行动. B.如果在本月底我们仍未收到货款, 我们别无选择, 只能采取法律行动. C.如果本月底我们还收不到订货, 我们就不得不采取其他办法了. D.如果本月底我们还收不到订购的货物, 我们就不得不拒绝付款. 3. Party B has the right to a written notice to Party A under the following conditions. A.乙方在下述情况下有权以书面通知甲方取消合同. B.乙方有义务在下述条件下通知甲方签定书面合同. C.乙方在下列条件下有权拒绝接受甲方书写的合同. D.乙方在下列情况下才得有权与甲方终止书面合同. 4. I have already given instructions for the task to be taken up first and the engineers doing the job to work overtime. A.我已下达指示, 首先要承担这项任务, 并且从事该项工作的工程师们必须加 班. B.我已做了说明, 从事该项工作并肯加班的工程人员具有优先权来参与这项 任务. C.我已经下达指令, 涉及该项工作的人员应首先接受该项任务, 并且要加班工 作. D.我已做了解释, 首先必须有工程师们愿意加班工作才能有可能来完成这项 任务. 5. Electronic computers, which have many advantages, cannot carry out creative work and replace man. A.尽管电子计算机有许多优点，可是它不能理解创造性工作，也不能代替人类。 B.有许多优点的电子计算机也不能代替人类去做创造性工作。 C.电子计算机有很多缺点，既不能进行创造性工作，也不能代替人类。
英语翻译重点词汇词组 fellow countrymen 同胞 militarist军阀 Chinese Communist Party 党组织 the Grand Canal （京杭）大运河Industrial Revolution 工业革命dawn to dark从早到晚 especially English 具有英国特征的cottage industry 农村手工业 Indian summer 最后的余辉 stock-raising 畜牧业 Homestead Act 宅地法 wild west 西部荒原 the gold rush 淘金热 basic occupation 基础产业Department of Agriculture 农业部门the Nile Delta 尼罗河三角洲 coastal erosion 水土流失Mediterranean climate 地中海型气候surveyor general 测量总监sovereign nation 主权国家aggregate output 总产量 coastal area 沿海地区 telephone connections 电话用户economic well-being 生活水平 two way trade 双向贸易 lucrative export market 出口市场
foreign exchange 外汇 sum total 总数 per capita 人均 GNP 国民生产总值 joint ventures 合资企业 net income 净收入 world investment system世界投资体系 the stock of foreign investment 外资存量 英语翻译重点词汇（２） major economy 经济大国 the stimulus, the technology and the funding 动力、技术和资金international trade and investment 国际贸易和投资 popular science 科普读物Arctic seas 北冰洋 vegetable oil 植物油 mineral oil煤油 internal combustion engine内燃机 warfare on land and sea 陆战和海战 minute sea creatures and plants 微小的海洋动植物 crude oil 原油 sedimentary rocks 沉积岩 pitch lake 沥青湖 superhighway 高速公路 living organism 生物体 applied entomology 应用昆虫学 environmental Law环保法 wildlife 野生生物
英语翻译题20套(带答案) 一、高中英语翻译 1．高中英语翻译题：Translation: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1．究竟是什么激发小王学习电子工程的积极性？(motivate) 2．网上支付方便了客户，但是牺牲了他们的隐私。(at the cost of) 3．让我的父母非常满意的是，从这个公寓的餐厅可以俯视街对面的世纪公园，从起居室也可以。(so) 4．博物馆疏于管理，展品积灰，门厅冷落，急需改善。(whose) 【答案】 1．What on earth has motivated Xiao Wang’s enthusiasm/ initiative to major in electronic engineering? 2．Online payment brings convenience to consumers at the cost of their privacy. 3．To my parents’ satisfaction, the din ing room of this apartment overlooks the Century Park opposite the street and so it is with the sitting room. 或者What makes my parents really satisfy is that they can see the Century Park from the dining room of this apartment, so can they from the living room. 4．This museum is not well managed, whose exhibits are covered with dust, and there are few visitors, so everything is badly in need of improvement. 或The museum whose management is reckless, whose exhibits are piled with dust and whose lobby is deserted, requires immediate improvement. 【解析】 1．motivate sb to do sth 激发某人做某事，on earth究竟，major in 以…为专业，enthusiasm/ initiative热情/积极性，故翻译为What on earth has motivated Xiao Wang’s enthusiasm/ initiative to major in electronic engineering? 2．online payment网上支付，brings convenience to给…带来方便，at the cost of以…为代价，privacy隐私，故翻译为Online payment brings convenience to consumers at the cost of their privacy. 3．To my parents’ satisfaction令我父母满意的是，后者也那样so it is with。也可以用主语从句What makes my parents really satisfy 表语从句thatthey can see the Century Park from the dining room of this apartment。overlooks俯视，opposite the street街对面，living room 起居室。故翻译为To my parents’ satisfaction, the dining room of this apartment overlooks the Century Park opposite the street and so it is with the sitting room.或者What makes my parents really satisfy is that they can see the Century Park from the dining room of this apartment, so can they from the living room. 4．not well managed/ management is reckless疏于管理，be covered with dust/ be piled with dust被灰尘覆盖，few visitors游客稀少，be badly in need of improvement/ requires immediate improvement亟需改善。故翻译为his museum is not well managed, whose exhibits
论文：浅析英语翻译能力提升的障碍和策略摘要：翻译能力是英语综合能力的重要组成部分，也是英语专业学生必需具备的基本能力。要全面提升英语翻译能力，需要了解英汉两种文化的差异性，具备深厚的语言功底，掌握熟练的翻译技巧。 关键字：英语翻译能力；提升；障碍；策略 中西文化差异是影响英语翻译能力提升的重要因素，除了文化因素外，英语翻译能力的提升还受到其他因素的影响，本文将进一步的展开叙述影响英语翻译能力提升的障碍及其相应的策略。 一、影响英语翻译能力提升的障碍 1．中西文化的差异性容易造成英语翻译误会 英语翻译就是汉语和英语相互转换的过程，这个过程不仅仅是一种语言现象，也体现了跨文化现象。具体来说，中西方的文化差异体现在文化传统、生活习惯、价值观念和思维方式等方面，而这些层面的差异性往往会造成人们对同一事物有着不同的理解和解释，因此不同文化的差异性容易造成英语翻译的误会。比如，生活中最常见的信封的写法，在中国，习惯的书写顺序是国名，省、市、县、街道，最后才是收信人姓名。而在西方国家信封的书写顺序恰好相反。因此在学习英语知识的同时，需要更加注意对英语文化知识的了解和掌握。
2．语言基础知识掌握不扎实，影响了翻译的准确性 英语翻译就是英汉两种语言之间的相互转换，在转换的过程中主要涉及两个方面，首先翻译者要正确地领悟原文的意思，其次要通过译文将原文确切的表达出来，达到“信达雅”的标准。因此翻译者需要牢固地掌握英汉两种语言。但是由于多方面的因素，翻译者的语言基础知识掌握不扎实，很多翻译者的词汇量太少，经常背了忘，而又不重视巩固复习，或者死记硬背不会灵活运用，此外，语法掌握也不扎实，对一些基本的句型模棱两可，不能正确理解更不会运用。 二、提升英语翻译能力的具体策略 1．通过词汇、语法和阅读，了解中西文化之间的差异性 在英语的学习中，提高英语翻译能力，不仅要加强英语语言知识的学习，还要注重对英语文化知识的了解。具体来说，可以通过词汇、语法以及阅读等的学习获取英语文化知识。 首先，通过词汇的学习了解中西文化知识。词汇是英语语言的基本元素，掌握词汇的过程中，仅仅注重词汇正确的拼写和准确的发音是远远不够的，更主要的是学会如何恰当的运用词汇和组织词汇。因此，在背诵英语词汇意思的基础之上还需要进一步了解词汇产生的文化背景知识，尤其是了解习语、谚语和成语这一类词语的文化内涵、感情色彩以及
轮机英语名词性专业术语的特点及翻译摘要：研究轮机英语名词性专业术语的特点，重点探讨轮机英语名词性专业术语 构词特点、词法特点和语义特点，并讨论轮机英语名词性专业术语的翻译方法和 翻译技巧． 关键词：轮机英语；名词性专业术语；特点；翻译技巧 The characteristics of nominal terms of marine engineering English and their translation Abstract The characteristics of special nominal terms of marine engineering English are explored with a focus on three aspects----word formation，morphology and semantics．The translation techniques employed in translating special nominal terms of marine engineering English are also discussed． Key words marine engineering English；special nominal terms；characteristics； translation techniques 0 引言 轮机英语中有大量的名词性专业术语，这些术语在构词法、词法和语义等方面都有它自身的特点，这些特点又决定了其在汉译时必须选取特定的翻译方法和翻译技巧，因此，掌握轮机英语名词性专业术语的特点以及了解相应的翻译方法和技巧对于学习和翻译轮机英语是非常重要的．确实有一批工程技术人员，他们了解船舶机械的构造和原理，英语功底也比较好，而且对翻译表现出浓厚的兴趣，但是在翻译轮机英语时常常会感到茫然，原因之一可能就是由于对轮机英语中名词性专业术语的特点不够熟悉，对相应的翻译方法和翻译技巧缺乏分析和掌握．本文尝试归纳出轮机英语名词性专业术语的几个特点，并有针对性地提出翻译方法和技巧，以期对提高轮机英语的翻译质量有所帮助． 1 轮机英语名词性专业术语的特点 轮机英语属于科技英语，其词汇具有科技英语词汇的特点，如大量使用专用词汇，常用词汇具有专业意义，词性的转换较多等等．此外，轮机英语名词性专
1)你应该适当花一点时间休息和锻炼。(reasonable) You should spend a reasonable amount of time relaxing and exercising. 2) 总的来说，孩子们比过去任何时候都更健康，受到了更好的教育。(in general) In general, children are healthier and better educated than ever before. 3) 待适当的机会来临，他就能抓住。(come along) Wh en the right opportunity comes along, he’ll take it. 4）每天他都留出点时间跟家人在一起，享受生活。(set aside) Every day he sets aside some time to be with his family and enjoy life 5) 我记得那些黑暗的街道以及同父亲手拉手走路的情景。(hand in hand) I remember those dark streets and walking hand in hand with my father 6) 他最终辜负了父母的期望。(live up to) He finally failed to live up to his parents’ expectations. 相比之下，我们的用油量大幅度上升了。(in contrast) In contrast, our use of oil has increased enormously. 8) 经过努力，他成功地克服了自己的致命弱点。(overcome) He succeeded in his efforts to overcome his fatal weakness. 1) 人们认为，悲观常常会导致绝望、疾病和失败。 It is believed that pessimism often leads to hopelessness, sickness and failure. 2) 与此相反，乐观主义能使你幸福、健康和成功。 Optimism, by contrast, can make you happy, healthy and successful. 3) 当你做某件事失败时，把失败当作一种学习的经历从中汲取益处。 When you fail in something, profit from the failure as a learning experience ) 在问题或困难面前，要想想自己的长处并树立起自信心。 Think about your strengths and build up self-confidence in front of problems or difficulties. 5) 不要让消极的想法阻碍你。 Don’t let negative thoughts hold y ou back. 6) 每个人都经历过失败和失望，因此不要过多地责怪自己。 Everyone has experienced failures and disappointments, so don’t blame yourself too much. 1) She wore a dress ____with a pattern of rose__________ (有玫瑰图案) on it. 2) Helen had ____prepared a wonderful/good meal for us_ (为我们准备了一顿丰盛的饭菜). 3) Ann _______promised faithfully___ (信誓旦旦地保证) that she would never tell. 4) Could you ____deliver this letter__ (把这封信送到) to the accounts department? 5) We were offered ____a selection of milk and plain____chocolate (精选的牛奶巧克力和纯巧克力). 6) Tell the children to ___keep out of mischief / behave themselves_____(别胡闹). 7) We could hear _____the sound of distant thunder_____ (远处打雷的声音). 8) The project has now __received approval from the government (得到政府的批准). 9) Kelly loved her husband ____in spite of the fact that he drank too much (虽然他喝酒太多). 10) Experts seem unable to ____agree whether the drug is safe or not_ (就这个药是否安全取得一致意见). 1. Not every bomb has hit its target. 并非每个炸弹都击中了目标。 2. We can have one or the other but not both simultaneously. 我们能够得到其中一个，但不能同时两个都有。 3. She wanted nothing more than work. 她只想要工作。 4. You cannot be too careful. 你越仔细越好。 5. I have yet to receive an apology from a child who just ran over my foot while chasing a sibling. 有个小孩在追逐自家的兄弟姐妹时踩了我的脚，却仍未向我道歉。 1. 并非所有父母都和你一样能提供很多情况。 Not all parents are as informative as you
1.Sandy is wearing a long, black, silk dress.桑迪穿了条黑色的长丝裙。 43. I came to London when I was 18. 我18岁的时候来到伦敦。 44. It takes 45 minutes to get to the city centre from the hotel. 宾馆到市中心需要花45分钟时间。 One of the biggest sporting events in the world is the Olympic Games. 奥运会是世界上规模最大的体育比赛之一 41. While she was waiting, her phone rang.她正在等待的时候，电话铃响了 42. Although it is very enjoyable, the film is too long.虽然这部电影非常令人愉快，但是太长了。 43. We have enough money to improve the website.我们有足够的钱改进网站。 44. 1 had the windows cleaned yesterday.昨天我请人把窗户给擦了。 45. He came across an old violin at his friend's house.他在朋友家偶然发现了一把旧提琴。 41．She borrowed the book and gave it back on Monday． 她借了那本书，后来星期一把书还了。 45．He used tO play basketball every Sunday．他以前每个周日都打篮球。 41．Football is played by more than 20 million people in more than l40 countries· 超过140个国家的2000多万人都踢足球。 42．I’ve got the same sense of humour as my mum·我和我妈妈一样，有幽默感 43．He got on well with his classmates． 他和同学关系处得很好 44．He used tO work very hard when he was youn9． 他年轻的时候工作非常努力。 45．My family is putting me up at the moment，but I am thinking of buying my own flat．我现在跟家人住在一起，但是我正考虑买一套公寓自己住 41．He got on well with his sister． 他和他的姐／妹相处得很好 44．That box is too heavy for her to carry home．那个盒子太重了，她抬回家。 41. Although it is very enjoyable, the film is too long.虽然这部电影 非常令人愉快，但是太长了。 43. I need to be at the airport by 6.00 o’clock.我得在六点前到达机场。 44. I must have left the camera in a shop.我一定是把相机丢在那家商 店里了。 31. We have enough money to improve the website. 我们有足够的钱改进网站。 45. The accounts, which are in a bit of a mess, have to be ready for next month. 帐目现在有点乱，必须要在下个月清理好。 32. Do you take after your mother or father?你像你的母亲或父亲吗？ 35. I’ve been learning English for three years. 我已经学英语3年了33. I have to move out of my room on Friday because Franco has got another tenant. 我周五得从房子里搬出来，因为佛朗哥又招了一位房客。 35.would be great to see you to catch up on all our news. 到时见了面咱们把这些日子发生的事聊一聊，会多开心啊。 :33. They enjoyed themselves at the party. 他们在聚会上玩的很愉快 34.She doesn’t like swimming and neither does her sist er. 她不喜欢游泳，她妹妹也不喜欢 32. He used to play basketball every Sunday( 每个星期天他常常去打篮球 31. He studies in a university west of Beijing. 他在北京西部的一个大学学习 :32. He came across an old painting at his friend’s house. 他在他朋友家看到了一幅旧画 33. She would buy a large house if she won the lottery. 如果她中了彩票，她就买一幢大房子 :35. Both of the boys are good at singing. 这两个男孩都擅长唱歌 34. The flat was in a bit of mess. 公寓里一片狼籍 43. We've become good friends since last summer. 从去年夏天起我们就成了好朋友了。 44. Your neighbour says your flat was burgled this afternoon. .休的邻居说你的房子今天下午被盗了。 45. I haven't got a car, and nowhere to live. My family is putting me up at the mom 我没有车，也没有地方住。现在跟家人住一起。 44. Although it is very enjoyable, the film is too long. 虽然这部电影非常令人愉快，但是太长了。 1.I can’t find the key.I must have left it in the car. 我找不到钥匙了，我肯定将它丢在车上了。 2.Polly is worried about her lack of experience. 波利担心自己缺乏经验。 3.she needs to return the book by next Friday 她得在下周五之前把书还回去。 43. We've become good friends since last summer. 从去年夏天起我们就成了好朋友了。 42. Polly(波莉) is worried about her lack of experience. 波莉担心自己缺乏经验。 43. She needs to return the hook by next Friday. 她得在下周五之前把书还回去。 41. He got on well with his sister.
汉译英专项练习 一、倍数增减的表示法 5 1) Force N1 _______________(比力N2大2.5倍). is 2.5 times greater than Force N2 （考点：倍数+形容词/副词比较级+ than） 2) This substance _______________(反应速度是另外那种物质的三倍). reacts three times as fast as the other one （考点：倍数+ as +形容词/副词+ as） 3) The earth _______________(是月球大小的49倍). is 49 times the size of the moon （考点：倍数+名词） 4) The landlord _______________(想将租金提高三分之一). wants to raise the rent by a third （考点：动词+ by +数词/百分比/倍数） 5) They _______________(计划将投资增加一倍). plan to double their investment （考点：double +名词） 二、时态6 1) Be quick, _______________(否则等我们到达教堂时婚礼就已经结束了). or the wedding will have finished by the time we get to the church （考点：将来完成时） 2) When she got home, _______________(孩子们已经睡着了). the children had fallen asleep （考点：过去完成时） 3) When I prepare for the college entrance examination, _______________(我姐姐将在海边度假). my sister will be taking her vacation at the seaside （考点：将来进行时） 4) I_______________(一上午都在修改我的简历). have been revising my resume all the morning （考点：现在完成进行时） 5) Do you often go on holiday? _______________(不，我已经有五年没有度假了). No. It has been five years since I went on holiday （考点：It has been…since sb. did sth.表示某人有多长时间没有做某事了） 6) He joined the army in October, 2001. _______________(他参军已五年了). He has been in the army for 5 years （考点：1.现在完成时；2.要用持续性动词才能接一段时间） 三、被动语态5 1) The blackboard and chalk _______________(正在被电脑和投影机所取代). is being replaced by the computer and the projector （考点：被动语态的现在进行时） 2) The book _______________(到今年年底就将已出版). will have been published by the end of this year （考点：被动语态的将来完成时）