作业
1．第1题
Which of the following reform measures resulted in the moral decline
of the Romans?
A.limiting the amount of land owned by individual citizens
B.selling grain at a low price to citizens
C.distributing public land to landless citizens
D.cutting down land taxes or rent
您的答案：B
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
2．第2题
Beginning in the 4th century, army units of German were__.
A.suppressed by the Romans
B.eliminated by the Romans
C.welcomed into the Roman Empire to defend the Romans
D.driven by the Romans to settle in depopulated areas.
您的答案：C
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
3．第3题
Which of the following statements about ancient Greek sculpture is NOT
true?
A.The beauty of human form was the most important subject.
B.The archaic Greek artists created two sculptural human forms, the
kouros and kore.
C.The classical Greek sculptors represented human body less naturally
or relaxed.
D.The Hellenistic Greek sculptors liked to represent extreme emotions
in the human face and figure.
您的答案：C
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
4．第4题
Which of the following Renaissance writers was not known for his sonnets?
A.Dante
B.Petrarch
C.Edmund Spencer
D.William Shakespeare
您的答案：A
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
5．第5题
What were the three forms of vernacular Literature for nobles?
A.epic poetry, romance poetry and dramas
B.fabliaux, fables and romance poetry
C.lyric poetry, epic poetry and romance poetry
D.fabliaux, fables and dramas
您的答案：C
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
6．第6题
Which of the following statements about villages in the Middle Ages is NOT true?
A.Villages ranged in size from ten to several hundred peasant families, living in a cluster of cottages surrounded by their fields.
B.Most villages had woodland which provided burning wood and building materials.
C.Many villages had a stream or pond for water supply, fish and a water mill for grinding grain.
D.Few villages had a few artisans and traders who combined farm work with other labor.
您的答案：D
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
7．第7题
Who was regarded as the “father of oil painting”?
A.Masaccio
B.Botticelli
C.Albrecht D黵er
D.Jan van Eyck
您的答案：D
此题得分：1.0
8．第8题
The first city- builders in Italy were ________.
A.the Greeks
B.the Latins
C.the Etruscans
D.the Italians
您的答案：C
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
9．第9题
In the early days of the Roman Republic, ______ had the most important law making power.
A.the Assembly of Century
B.the Plebian Council
C.the Assembly of Curiae
D.the Tribal Assembly
您的答案：C
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
10．第10题
In the first Greco-Persian War, Greek army defeated the Persian forces and won a smashing victory in the battle of ____.
A.Thermopylae
B.Marathon
C.Salamis
D.Plataea
您的答案：B
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
11．第11题
Constantine the Great declared __.
A.Christianity as the only religion
B.toleration for all religions
C.the end of Imperial Cult
D.paganism illegal
您的答案：B
此题得分：1.0
12．第12题
The successful spread of Lutheranism in the Holy Roman Empire is due to three of the following facts. Which one is the exception?
A.The unstable political situation in the Holy Roman Empire.
B.Public discontent caused by high papal taxes on Germans.
C.Extreme anger in Germany against the power of the pope.
D.Luther' s intention to extend his doctrine of social equality.
您的答案：D
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
13．第23题
Major changes in Roman religious life were mainly a result of _____.
A.foreign cultural invasion
B.trade and commerce
C.territorial expansion of Rome
D.interest in spiritual matters
您的答案：C
题目分数：2.0
此题得分：2.0
14．第24题
What were the three classes of people in the Central Middle Ages?
A.Pope, peasants and nobles
B.kings, lords and monks
C.clergy, lords and peasants
D.warriors, peasants and priest
您的答案：C
题目分数：2.0
此题得分：2.0
15．第25题
Which statement about the “civic humanism” is wrong?
A.It was developed by some Florentine scholars during the fifteenth century.
B.It believed that virtue could only be obtained by participating in public life.
C.It encouraged people to pursue material pleasures and fulfill their desires.
D.It was the same with the “Christian Humanism” of Northern Renaissance.
您的答案：D
题目分数：2.0
此题得分：2.0
16．第26题
All of the following political ideas can be accredited to the Romans EXCEPT ____.
A.popular sovereignty
B.social contract theory
C.democracy
D.separations of power
您的答案：C
题目分数：3.0
此题得分：3.0
17．第27题
Compared with Italian Renaissance, Northern Renaissance had the following distinctive features except for ______.
A.strong national flavor
B.great religious concern
C.influence of classicism
D.belief in Christian humanism
您的答案：C
题目分数：3.0
此题得分：3.0
18．第28题
Which of the following is NOT true about Emperor Constantine the Great?
A.He concentrated power in his own hands.
B.He made Christianity the state religion.
C.He abandoned Rome as the imperial capital.
D.He tolerated all religions in the Roman Empire.
您的答案：B
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
19．第29题
The gladiator show indicated Romans’ love for _____.
A.adventure
B.fun
C.violence
D.entertainment
您的答案：C
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
20．第30题
The Italian Renaissance scholars did all the following things except for ____.
A.reviving many classical texts forgotten or lost for a long time.
B.spreading the knowledge beyond the small circle of scholars.
C.refusing to accept religious teaching or read religious works.
D.paying more attention to man’s world and life on earth.
您的答案：C
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
21．第31题
1066 marked the__
A.defeat of the Vikings
B.Norman Conquest of England
C.death of William I
D.death of Alfred the Great
您的答案：B
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
22．第32题
Jesus lived in the __.
A.early 1st century
https://www.doczj.com/doc/393704522.html,te 1st century
C.early 2nd century
https://www.doczj.com/doc/393704522.html,te 2nd century
您的答案：A
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
23．第33题
Which one is not the main characteristic of Shakespeare as a Renaissance man?
A.His interest in classical culture
B.His belief in humanism
C.His support of individualism
D.His consciousness of national identity
您的答案：D
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
24．第34题
Of the following philosophical schools, which one had perhaps the greatest influence on Roman laws and government?
A.Epicureanism
B.Stoicism
C.Cynicism
D.Neo- Platonism
您的答案：B
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
25．第35题
Britain was turned into a Roman province in ________.
A.the 1st century
B.
C.
B.the 1st century
C.the 2nd century
D.the 3rd century.
您的答案：B
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
26．第36题
Who replaced the Council of 400 with the Council of 500?
A.Solon
B.Persistratus
C.Cleisthenes
D.Pericles
您的答案：C
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
27．第37题
Magna Carta in 1215 in England was significant in that it __.
A.really weakened the power of the church
B.spoke for the common people
C.really weakened the power of the king
D.spoke for the nobles
您的答案：C
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
28．第38题
Which of the following is true about the central argument of the Ninety-Five Theses?
A.The Ninety-Five Theses marks the beginning of the Reformation.
B.It was an effort to draw attention to the corruption of the Church.
C.Repentance has the same power of the pope to forgive sins.
D.The sale of indulgences went against the true spirit of Christianity.您的答案：D
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
29．第39题
Which one does not belong to the Bronze Age civilizations of ancient Greece?
A.Cycladic civilization
B.Helladic civilization
C.Hellenistic civilization
D.Minoan civilization
您的答案：C
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
30．第50题
Which description of the Age of Pericles is NOT true?
A.It is the Golden Age of classical Greece.
B.It was when Athens secured its status as the capital of Hellenic civilization.
C.It witnessed great developments in democracy, economy, art and science.
D.It was when the nobles became a major force in politics.
您的答案：D
题目分数：2.0
此题得分：2.0
31．第51题
Epicureanism and Stoicism are similar in the following ways except for____.
A.Both were concerned with the good of the individual.
B.Both were idealistic in world view.
C.Both believed that reason is the key to solution of social problems.
D.Both thought highly of the peace of mind.
您的答案：B
题目分数：2.0
此题得分：2.0
32．第52题
Which one of the following statements about the medieval universities is NOT true?
A.The first university appeared in Italy.
B.Bologna University was governed by a corporation of students, a pattern followed by other southern universities.
C.University of Paris was dominated by a corporation of teachers, a pattern followed by other northern universities.
D.A migration of scholars from Cambridge led to the establishment of the University of Oxford in England.
您的答案：D
题目分数：3.0
此题得分：3.0
33．第53题
The most immediate effect of the Reformation was ___________________.
A.the increase in the power of princes and kings
B.the more and more secularized western Europe
C.the outburst of fighting among religious groups
D.the more emphasis on the value of the individual
您的答案：C
题目分数：3.0
此题得分：3.0
34．第54题
The poetic creation of _____ glorifies Rome’s conquests and achievements.
A.Virgil (70-19
B.
C.)
B.Horace (65-8 B.
C.)
C.Ovid (43 B.C.-17 A.
D.)
D.Juvenal (55-130 A.D.)
您的答案：A
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
35．第55题
The economic success of the early Roman Empire was mainly achieved by _____.
A.small farmers
B.slaves
C.serfs
D.Roman legions
您的答案：B
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
36．第56题
Three of the following statements are true with the early experience of Luther. Which one is the exception?
A.Luther lived up to his father and became a priest.
B.Luther had a horrible experience in a thunderstorm.
C.He tried his best to get rid of his sin to satisfy God.
D.He damaged his health by eating and sleeping less.
您的答案：A
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
37．第57题
Who did not belong to the Florentine School of the Early Renaissance art?
A.Brunelleschi
B.Donatello
C.Masaccio
D.Raphael
您的答案：D
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
38．第58题
Which of the following was NOT true about the early Christians?
A.They defied the Roman political authorities
B.They accepted the idea that emperors were divine.
C.They banned paganism
D.They suffered religious persecution
您的答案：B
题目分数：1.0
39．第59题
Who was not a representative writer of Northern Renaissance?
A.Giovanni Boccaccio
B.William Shakespeare
C.Fran鏾is Rabelais
D.Miguel de Cervantes
您的答案：A
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
40．第60题
The Roman Republic was founded in _____.
A.509
B.
C.
B.471 B.
C.
C.445 B.C.
D.367 B.C.
您的答案：A
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
41．第61题
Which one of the Roman Emperors resembles the “philosopher king” praised by Plato?
A.Trajan (r. 98-117 A.D.)
B.Hadrian (r. 117-138 A.D.)
C.Antoninus Pius (r. 138-161 A.
D.)
D.Marcus Aurelius (r. 161-180 A.D.)
您的答案：D
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
42．第62题
Whose power was gradually reduced in the process of Athenian political reforms?
A.People’s Assembly
B.People’s Court
C.Council of citizens
D.Council of nobles
您的答案：D
题目分数：1.0
43．第63题
Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A.The pope was assisted by the papal curia
B.The curia was an extensive bureaucracy which contained specialized departments
C.The curia was directed by the College of Cardinals whose members were selected by kings
D.Like kings, the popes issued laws, hired masters to collect revenues and judge cases, even declared wars
您的答案：C
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
44．第64题
The ethnic origin of Jesus was ____.
A.Greek
B.Roman
C.Hebrew
D.European
您的答案：C
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
45．第65题
Like Luther, Calvin ____________
A.believed man, from birth, is predestined by God for salvation or damnation.
B.believed that the order and discipline of the early church should be restored.
C.regarded the Bible as the only source of truth and spiritual authority.
D.regarded the church as a place to be with God by reading the Bible.
您的答案：C
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
46．第76题
The following descriptions of the second Greco-Persian War are true EXCEPT for _____.
A.The Persian army was led by Xerxes I, who was Darius son.
B.All Greek city-states united to counter the Persian invasion.
C.The Greek army was greatly outnumbered by the Persian army.
D.The Greek army won a decisive victory in the straits between Athens and Salamis.
您的答案：B
题目分数：2.0
此题得分：2.0
47．第77题
Which description of the Hellenistic civilization is incorrect?
A.It was a cosmopolitan and open culture.
B.It was a mixture of Greek and Oriental cultures.
C.It helped to popularize Greek thinking and life styles.
D.Its commercial, cultural and intellectual centre was Athens.
您的答案：D
题目分数：2.0
此题得分：2.0
48．第78题
Which one of the following statements about the condition of the Jews during the Roman time was NOT true?
A.In 64
B.
C. Pompey conquered Judea and turned it into a Roman province.
B.The Jews had to pay heavy tax, but they enjoyed limited self-rule.
C.Faced with Roman persecution, the Jews had to worship the Roman emperors as gods.
D.The Jewish people hoped for salvation led by a prophet.
您的答案：C
题目分数：2.0
此题得分：2.0
49．第79题
Roman religion was _____.
A.borrowed entirely from the Greeks
B.not purely Roman
C.invented by Romans
D.borrowed from the Egyptians
您的答案：B
题目分数：3.0
此题得分：3.0
50．第80题
Which of the following statements about the Crusades is NOT true?
A.On the way to the Holy Land, a crusader wore the white cross on his
outfit
B.The Crusades increased the power of the Papacy and the wealth of the Church
C.The Crusades strengthened the power of national monarchies and undermined feudalism
D.The Crusades set the first example of European expansionism
您的答案：A
题目分数：3.0
此题得分：3.0
51．第13题
Lyric is a poetic form so called because it was originally sung by individuals or a chorus accompanied by a musical instrument called the lyre.
您的答案：正确
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
52．第14题
Florence was the major centre of the High Renaissance Art at the early 16th century.
您的答案：错误
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
53．第15题
Romance combined features of both vernacular epic and vernacular lyric.
您的答案：正确
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
54．第16题
After Christianity became the state religion of the Roman Empire in the 4th century, all other religious beliefs disappeared.
您的答案：错误
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
55．第17题
To allow a person to buy God’s forgiveness and ransom his way out of hell, the Church developed the sale of indulgences.
您的答案：正确
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
56．第18题
Like the Jews, the Christians rejected the Greco-Roman gods and the Cult of the Living Emperors.
您的答案：正确
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
57．第19题
The term “dictator” did not have its present day’s derogatory meaning in the period of the Roman Republic.
您的答案：正确
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
58．第20题
Although people from different regions in the Roman Empire spoke different mother tongues, they could always communicate with strangers either in Latin or in Greek, the official languages of the Empire.
您的答案：错误
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
59．第21题
The Romans were extremely intolerant of foreign religions.
您的答案：错误
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
60．第22题
Among the Olympian gods, Zeus was the chief deity and he was mainly worshipped at Olympia.
您的答案：正确
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
61．第40题
All city-states of northern Italy belonged to the Holy Roman Empire during the Renaissance.
您的答案：错误
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
62．第41题
All classes in universities were taught in Latin and mostly by a lecture method.
您的答案：正确
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
63．第42题
At the age of 30, Jesus started to preach; but he had no intention to create a new religion.
您的答案：正确
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
64．第43题
Christian Humanism helped pave the way for the Protestant Reformation.
您的答案：正确
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
65．第44题
Seven Sacraments are recognized by Catholic Church, Orthodox Churches and Protestant Churches.
您的答案：错误
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
66．第45题
“Middle English” was the national language of the England during the Early Middle Ages.
您的答案：错误
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
67．第46题
Octavian kept the republican system in name in order to gain support.
您的答案：正确
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
68．第47题
The Roman government offered free food to the poor people to achieve greater harmony.
您的答案：错误
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
69．第48题
Acropolis is an open space or plaza that served both as a market and as a place where citizens could assemble.
您的答案：错误
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
70．第49题
Reading of the Bible and his theological teaching made clearer Luther’s idea about the malpractices of the C hurch.
您的答案：正确
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
71．第66题
Martin Luther first expressed his idea of reforming the Church by criticizing the sale of indulgences.
您的答案：正确
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
72．第67题
During the Renaissance, many Italian scholars began to learn Greek because they wanted to translate Latin works into Greek.
您的答案：错误
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
73．第68题
Earlier Christian leaders all agreed that the gospel was intended for Jews and non-Jews as well to hear.
您的答案：错误
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
74．第69题
The word “tyranny” was just as derogative in ancient Greece as today.
您的答案：错误
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
75．第70题
According to Luther, the Bible was the only source of political and religious authority.
您的答案：正确
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
76．第71题
The Italian Renaissance was largely credited to the economic success in Italy at that time.
您的答案：正确
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
77．第72题
The Laws of the Twelve Tables was the first written law in Rome.
您的答案：正确
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
78．第73题
In the Roman Empire, a foreign soldier could earn citizenship through his military service.
您的答案：正确
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
79．第74题
Mount Olympus is the highest point in Greece and home of the mythical Greek gods. ？
您的答案：正确
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
80．第75题
It was only in the 16th century that th e Church of Rome’s monopoly began to meet the challenge for religious reform.
您的答案：错误
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
作业总得分：100.0
作业总批注：
欧洲文化入门参考资料 这是一本中国大学生了解欧洲文化的英语教科书，为了教学需要而编写的。学习英语的中国大学生在阅读英文书刊和同英语国家人士的交往中，往往感到由于缺乏欧洲文化知识而增加了许多困难。英语中有数不清的典故、名言、成语、人名、地名等等来自古希腊罗马的哲学、文学、历史著作，希伯莱的圣经，文艺复兴时期的艺术创作或者牵涉到各时期思想、科技、政治、社会方面的重要事件和人物。如果对这些所知无多，读书未必全懂，对谈也难顺利。而一旦对这些有了较多知识，则不仅了解程度会提高，而且由于通过文化来学习语言，语言也会学得更好。 《欧洲文化入门》教学大纲 一、课程基本信息 1、课程英文名称：European Culture: An Introduction 2、课程类别：专业限选课程 3、课程学时：32学时 4、学分：2 5、先修课程：《高级英语》、《英国文学选读》、《美国文学选读》 6、适用专业：英语 7、大纲执笔：英语专业教研室 8、大纲审批：外语系学术委员会 9、制定(修订)时间：2005 二、课程的目的与任务： 本课程为专业选修课程，旨在通过该课程的学习，学生比较系统地学习有关欧洲文化的基本知识，以提高学生的文化知识和文化修养，并为以后开专业课提供大量重要的背景文化知识，从而更好地了解和学习英语，提高文学欣赏水平。 三、课程的基本要求： 本教学大纲对象是高等院校英语专业高年级学生，全部用英语授课。 了解欧洲文化对英语发展的影响和欧洲文化发展的脉络； 了解来自古希腊罗马的哲学、文学、历史著作，希伯莱的圣经，文艺复兴时期的艺术创作的典故、名言、成语、人名、地名等； 了解欧洲各时期思想、科技、政治、社会方面的重要事件和人物； 将欧洲文化与同时期的中国文化进行比较； 学生应准备一些工具书、参考书、选本、译本。 四、教学内容、要求及学时分配： 希腊、罗马文化 基督教及其《圣经》 中世纪 文艺复兴与宗教改革 十七世纪 启蒙运动 浪漫主义 马克思主义与达尔文学说 现实主义 现代主义及其它 五、考试考核办法：笔试 六、教材及参考书：
作业 1．第1题 Which one of the following statements about the Great Famine is NOT true? A.It was the worst famine in European history. B.It lasted for seven hard years. C.In cities alone, there was shortage of food supplies. D.By the time it ended, the Great Famine had wiped out 10 percent to 15 percent of the entire European population. 您的答案：C 题目分数：2.0 此题得分：2.0 2．第2题 Which of the following statements about Joan of Arc is NOT true? A.She was born in a well-to-do peasant family. B.She grew up with a strong religious belief. C.Charles refused her to accompany the army. D.She was burned at stake. 您的答案：C 题目分数：2.0 此题得分：2.0 3．第3题 For some Muslims, Qur’an should not be translated because_____. A.it is impious to translate the very words of Allah. B.it is too difficult to translate the rhymed prose of Qur’an. C.the original meaning of Qur’an would be distorted. D.the beauty of Arabic language would be violated. 您的答案：C 题目分数：2.0 此题得分：2.0 4．第4题 Which one is not the factor that led to the disintegration of the Carolingian Empire after Charlemagne’s death? A.the regional and ethnic diversity B.the conflicts between different successors to the throne
《欧洲文化入门》知识点笔记 1、There are many elements constituting(组成) European Culture. 2、There are two major elements：Greco-Roman element and Judeo-Christian element. 3、The richness(丰富性) of European Culture was created by Greco-Roman element and Judeo-Christian element. 第一章 1、The 5th century closed with civil war between Athens and Sparta. 2、The economy of Athens rested on(依赖) an immense(无限的)amount of slave labour. 3、Olympus mount，Revived in 1896(当代奥运会) 4、Ancient Greece(古希腊)‘s epics was created by Homer. 5、The events of Homer‘s own time. (错) (They are not about events of Homer‘s own time，probably in the period 1200-1100 B.C.) 6、The Homer‘s epics consisted of Iliad and Odyssey. 7、Agamemnon，Hector，Achilles are in Iliad. 8、Odysseus and Penelope are in Odyssey. 9、Odyssey(对其作品产生影响)—→James Joyoe‘s Ulysses(描述一天的生活)。In the 20th century. 10、Drama in Ancient Greece was floured in the 5th century B.C. 11、三大悲剧大师①Aeschylus 《Prometheus Bound》—→模仿式作品Shelly《Prometheus Unbound》 ②Sophocles(之首) 《Oedipus the King》—→Freud‘s “the Oedipus complex”(恋母情结) —→David Herbert Lawrence’s《Sons and lovers》(劳伦斯)447页 ③Euripides A.《Trojan Women》 B. He is the first writer of “problem plays”(社会问题剧) 在肖伯纳手中达到高潮，属于存在主义戏剧的人物 C. Elizabeth Browning called him “Euripides human”(一个纯粹的人) D. Realism can be traced back (追溯到) to the Ancient Greece. To be specific(具体来说)，Euripides. 12、The only representative of Greek comedy is Aristophanes. 18页 Aristophanes writes about nature. —→浪漫主义湖畔派(The lakers )华兹华兹 13、History (Historical writing)史学创作新古典主义代表作家《格列夫游
西方文化入门（2010） 一、课程名称：西方文化入门 二、学时与学分：36 学时，2 学分 三、适用专业：英语专业本科、 四、课程教材：自编教材 五、参考教材：Duncan Sidwell著，《欧洲文化概况》，外语教学与研究出版社，2008年 12月第一版 王佐良，李品伟等主编，《欧洲文化入门》，外语教学与研究出版社，1992 年9月第二版 六、开课单位：外语学院 七、课程的目的、性质和任务: 西方文化入门是英语专业的一门文化课，目的是使学生了解西方文化的历史发展和文学，文化传统，促进学生对西方文化内涵的兴趣，提高对文化差异的敏感性和宽容性，培养学生跨文化的交际能力。 八、课程的基本要求： 了解西方文化发展的历史脉络，如，作为西方文明源头的希腊罗马文明，基督教的兴起与传播，欧洲中世纪文明，文艺复兴，宗教改革，理性主义的勃发，工业革命和现代欧洲，殖民主义与帝国主义，等；了解西方文化中的一些关键概念，如，希腊城邦，罗马帝国，上帝和子民，人文主义，民主与自由，人权，平等与博爱，科学和技术，工业革命，殖民主义，帝国主义，等；从欧洲的角度了解文学在古代，中世纪，近代和现代的发展，学习希腊文学，罗马文学，文艺复兴时期意大利、英国、西班牙等国经典文学片断，了解欧洲古代，中世纪，文艺复兴，启蒙时期，浪漫主义和现实主义时期文学的特点和精神实质；旨在使学生对西方历史，文化的发展脉络有较为清晰的了解和把握。 九、课程的主要内容： 介绍西方文化的源头古希腊古、罗马的文明，重点为雅典的民主制，希腊史诗与悲剧，希腊建筑艺术，罗马帝国及其影响，罗马文学；《圣经》简介，上帝与子民，中世纪教会组织，人文主义文学，宗教改革，启蒙时代的精神，平等，自由与博爱，欧洲浪漫主义文学，英国工业革命，马克思主义与达尔文主义的兴起与传播，等。 十、说明： 西方文化内容多，涉及面广；由于课时原因，本课程将不涉及一次世界大战以后西方文明的发展，也不涉及美国文明的发展。本课程教材，参考教材均为英文；讲授中英文并用；讲授方式以讲座为主。 十一、考核方式： 课后作业，期末考试。
《英语文学文化及影视赏析》课程教学大纲 一、课程说明 1、课程名称（中英文）：英语文学文化及影视赏析/English Literature and Culture & Appreciation of English movies 2、学时学分：75学时理论教学，2学分 3、适用专业：非英语专业研究生 4、开课学院：外国语学院 5、课程负责人：姜萌萌 二、课程描述： 本课程拟对英语经典文学与相关文化概况进行简要介绍，并遴选英美国家的经典作家和作品，对其文学特色、文化背景进行分析。课程重视文学作品与时代背景、西方历史文化的联系，在教学中将理论与实践相结合，做到寓教于乐。在课内，不仅有作家作品、相关文化背景和信息的介绍、经典作品片段的解读，并通过课堂讨论以及影视作品的欣赏帮助学生最直观地理解西方文化与文学作品的文本意义。在课外，学生需要查阅相关资料，完成相关问题的回答与读书报告，以一种轻松愉悦并且多方面切入的方式学习、了解和体验英语文学文化。该课程目的在于通过英语文学文化的学习，提高学生对英语语言的掌握能力、增强对英语文学经典的理解力和对西方文化的审美能力，进一步养成对英语的敏感性，培养人文素质和文学涵养。 三、教材： 王守仁主编，《英国文学选读》，北京：高等教育出版社。 陶洁主编，《美国文学选读》，北京：高等教育出版社。 秦秀白，《英美国家概况》，北京：高等教育出版社。 王佐良，《欧洲文化入门》，北京：外语教学与研究出版社。 自编讲义 四、教学方式： 理论与实践相结合。 五、考核方式： 提交一篇与所学课程相关的课程论文，用英语完成。 总成绩=期末考试成绩70%+平时成绩30%（考勤占10%）
欧洲文化入门各章练习及答案 第一章 填空题： 1. The richness of European Culture was created by ________element and _________element. Greco-Roman Judeo-Christian 2. The Homer’s epics consisted of_________. Iliad and Odyssey 3. ________ is the first writer of “problem plays”. Euripides 4. __________ is called “Father of History”. Herodotus 5. ________is the greatest historian that ever lived. Thucydides 6. The dividing range in the Roman history refers to ________. 27 B.C. 7. “I came, I saw, I conquered.” is a famous saying by _______. Julius Caesar 8. The representation form of Greek Democracy is __________. citizen-assembly. 判断题 1. Euclid says “Give me a place to stand, and I will move the world”. (×) Archimedes 2. Herodotus’s historical writing i s on the war between Anthens and Sparta. (×) Greeks and Persians 名词解释： 1. Pax Romana 答：In the Roman history ,there came two hundred years of peaceful time, which was guaranteed by the Roman legions, it was known as Pax Romana 2. “Democracy” in a ncient Greece 答：1）Democracy means “exercise of power by the whole people”, but in Greece by “the whole people” the Greeks meant only the adult male citizens. 2）Women, children, foreigners and slaves were excluded from Democracy. 论述题： 1. How did the Greek Culture originate and develop? 1) Probably around 1200 B.C., a war was fought between Greece and troy. This is the war that Homer refers to in his epics. 2) Greek culture reached a high point of development in the 5th century B.C. A. The successful repulse of the Persian invasion early in the 5th century. B. The establishment of democracy. C. The flourishing of science, philosophy, literature, art and historical writing in Athens. 3)The 5th century closed with civil war between Athens and Sparta. 4) In the second half of the 4th century B.C., Greece was conquered by Alexander, king of Macedon. Whenever he went
课程《欧洲文化入门》考试时间 120 分钟日期年月日姓名学号学院班级 Ⅰ.Read the following unfinished statements or questionas carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have choosen in the corresponding spcae on the answer sheet. (40 points, 2 point for each) 1. ———— was the founder of scientific mathematics. A. Pythagoras B. Democritus C. Aristotle D. Diogenes 2. Which of the following figures was regarded as “the master of those who know”by Dante? A. Plato B. Socrates C. Aristotle D. Cicero 3. ________ was called “the greatest historian that ever lived”by Macaulay. A. Thucydides B. Herodotus C. Socrates D. Aristotle 4. The first king to unite the Hebrews was a warrior-famer name________ . A. Moses B. Joshua C. Saul D. David 5. Who issued the Edict of Milan in 313,whick granted religious freedom to all and made Christianity legal? A. Domitian B. Valerian C. Constantine D. Theodosius 6. The ancestors of the Jews are called Hebrews which mean ________ . A. wanderers B. travelers C. traders D. merchants 7. In the latter part of the fourth century the ________ swept into Europe from central Asia. A. Turkish B. Huns C. Athens D. Roman 8. Apart from being a place of worship, the ________ was a place for recreation and the center of trade and community activity. A. bridge B. church building C. village D. subway 9. For two centuries beginning from the late fifteenth century,________ was the golden city which gave birth to a whole generation of poets, scholars,artists and sculptors. A. Milan B. Florence C. Venice D. the papal states 10. which of the following figures knows “how to make beauty yield meaning and meaning
欧洲文化入门复习题（2、3章） 一：选择（51’） 1:Hebrew---Israelite---Jew Jew---Jewish---Judaism Judaism---Christianity 2:Pentateuch(摩西五经)：Genesis(创世纪)、Exodus(出埃及记)、Leviticus(利未记)、Numbers(民数计)、Deuteronomy(申命记) 3：The fall of man: Adam and Eve、the Garden of Eden 4: Noah’s Ark 5:Moses(a famous Hebrew leader) 、Exodus、40 years、the mountainous Sinai、Ten Commandments 6:While in Babylon in the 6th century B.C., the Hebrews, now known as Jews, formed synagogues(大会堂) to practise their religion. 7:如今有多少犹太人？15 million 8:Jesus 出生地：那瑟勒死亡地：耶路撒冷郊外髑髅地·各各地 Baptism: 30 years、John baptist 9:Diocletian destroyed、Constantine and the Edict of Milan in 133、Theodosius official 10: the new testament(新约)：the birth、teaching、death（The Crucifixion耶稣被钉十字架）、resurrection of Jesus 11：现代英语两大宝库：the English Bible and Shakespeare 12:228 years 13:the Code of Chivalry：to protect the week, to fight for church, to be loyal to his lord, to respect women of noble birth. 14:half civilized Germanic tribes: Visigoths, the Franks, the Angle and Saxons, the Vandals 15:Feudalism(封建主义) the Manor(庄园) serfs(农奴) Charles Martel in 732. 16:After 1054, the Roman Catholic church and Eastern Orthodox church 17:three groups in feudalism: clergy(牧师最高) lords peasants(农民最低) 18：the crusades(十字军) 8 times 200 years By 1291, the moslems had taken over the last Christain stronghold. 19:Emperor of the Romans(神圣罗马皇帝): Charlemagne(查理曼大帝) 20:Alfred the Great(Anglo-Saxdon) contributed to medieval European culture 21:real scientific progress began in the 12th and 13th centuries. Roger bacon(a monk) is an advocate of scientific research.Opus maius, and encyclopedia（自然哲学总则） 22:National Epics: Beowulf(Anglo-saxon/英国) Song of Roland(French/法国) 荷马史诗代表作Iliad(伊利亚特）和Odysse（奥德赛） Geoffrey Chaucer(杰弗里乔叟) and the Canterbury tales(坎特伯雷故事) 23：Romanesque(罗马建筑) Gothic(哥特式建筑)：stained glass windows are the Holy Scriptures 24:哲学三杰（苏格拉底，柏拉图，亚里士多德）顺序不能打乱 二：简答（6道） 1:Two Major Elements in European Culture
第一章希腊罗马文化 希腊罗马文化可以说是欧洲文明的起源，所以这一章节应该是比较重要的章节。我们先看希腊的发展。 希腊文明分为几个时期，她形成于公元前800－500年，经历了古典时代（也就是公元前500到公元前336年）和希腊化时代（也就是公元前336年到公元前31年）。希腊文明达到顶峰是公元前5世纪。公元前146年，希腊被罗马攻克。希腊文明也就被罗马文明所取代。 这段历史的重要大事有： 1、公元前12世纪，随着特洛伊人的入侵，希腊堕入“黑暗时代”。荷马史诗描述的正是希腊人与特洛伊人之间的战争（《以利亚特》和《奥得赛》）。这里要注意的是，荷马史诗描述的时代并非荷马生活的时代。荷马生活在公元前700年。 2、公元前6世纪，希腊世界开始有了全面改变，为后来的古典时代打开了通途。其中两个重要的城邦国家是雅典和斯巴达。雅典发展起一个完全不同类型的社会，公元前594年，梭伦成为雅典的首席执行官，他的贡献在于，在组织上为以后建立著名的雅典民主奠定了基础。雅典之所以在当时拥有卓越的地位，是因为它在打败庞大的波斯帝国这场重大战争中起了最主要的作用。历史之父希罗多德在他的历史书中进行了详尽的描述。 3、由于雅典的不断扩张引起了斯巴达的恐慌，因而在公元前431
年爆发了伯罗奔尼撒战争。战争最终以雅典的失败而告终。修昔底得这位历史上最伟大的历史学家在其作品中，详尽描写了这一战争。 4、伯罗奔尼撒战争后，斯巴达专横跋扈，底比斯和雅典为求相互保护而结成新的联盟。公元前371年，马其顿国王腓力二世打败了底比斯和雅典联军，他的闻名世界的儿子亚历山大大帝统治了希腊。至此，古典时代结束，希腊化时代即将开始。 古典时代的希腊造就了一批哲学家和剧作家。哲学家主要以苏格拉底、柏拉图和亚里士多德为代表。苏格拉底提出自由辩论的重要性。柏拉图的目标是要实现一个既能维持贵族特权，又可为贫苦阶级接受的社会，并构件了唯心主义的根基。亚力士多德寻求自然界和人类社会各个方面的秩序。剧作家有埃斯库罗斯、阿里斯托芬、索福克勒斯。这一时期希腊也造就了像阿基米德和欧几里得这样的数学家，以及像希罗多德和修昔底得这样伟大的历史学家。 希腊的艺术和建筑在神庙上得到最高体现。著名的雅典卫城的圣地帕台侬神庙就是卫雅典娜女神建造的。 接下来我们从希腊文明走向罗马文明。 希腊化时代与罗马时代前期相互交融，最终过渡到罗马时代。罗马时代经历了早期共和国（公元前509－公元前264年）、后期共和国（公元前265－公元前27年）、早期帝国（公元前27年－公元284年）和后期帝国（284－476年）。公元前500年，
Division One I.有可能出的填空，选择题及判断题的内容: . 1.European Culture is composed of _____________ and _____________________ as two major elements. 2.Greek culture reached its high point of development /climax in __________ (century). 3.All Greece was brought under the rule of Alexander, King of Macedon in _________(century). 4.In _______, the Romans conquered Greece. 5.Homer wrote __________ and _____________, two famous epics. 6.______________ is called “Father of History” in Greek Culture, who wrote the wars between ____________ and ________________________. 7.The famous writer who wrote comedy in Greek culture is named ______________. 8.“The great historian that ever lived” is said to praise _____________________(name). 9.The Dialectal Method is put forward by___________. 10.Academy was established by ______________________, whose philosophy is called ____________________. 11.Lyceum was established by _______________. 12.Leader of the Cynics is ____________________, and “cynic” means _____________. 13.The most important thing in life to the Stoics is _________________. 14.Elements, a textbook of geometry, was written by ___________. 15.The famous temples in ancient Greece are ____________________ and ______________. 16.The Romans enjoyed two hundred years of peaceful time, known as ________________. 17.In the 4th century, the emperor Constantine moved the
第二，三章Alfred the Great（阿尔弗雷德大王）(p102) Augustine of Hippo(p97) Bible (p52) influence (p86) Beowulf（《贝奥武甫》）(p105) Charlemagne( p101) Carolingian Renaissance（加洛林复兴）( p101) code of chivalry骑士制度(p94) Deuteronomy (p52) Exodus (p52) Experimental science(p103) Feudalism（封建主义）(p92) Genesis (Adam and Eve)(Noah’s Ark) (p52) Geoffrey Chaucer乔叟（P123） The Canterbury Tales（《坎特伯雷故事集》））（P123）Gosepels four part of the New Testament(p77) Gothic（哥特式建筑） Hebrews (p51) Jesus (p73) Kinghthood(p94) Leviticus (p52) Lyric Poety(p13) Manor(p93) Monasticism (修道院制度)(p97) National Epics民族史诗(p105) Numbers (p52)
Peter and Paul (P74) Pentateuch (p52) Pindar(ode on athletic game) (p13) Roger Bacon培根(103)占星术炼金术Romansque(p126) Sappho (p13)Lyric Poetry Song of Roland （《罗兰之歌》）（P111） St. Jerome(p97) St. Benedict(p97) St. Thomas Aquinas(p102) Ten Commandments (Peuteronomys) (p60) The Catholic Church(天主教)(the power and influence)(p98) The church in middle ages(p95) The Crucifixion(p83) The Crusades（十字军东征）(p99) the Middle ages The Sermon on tjhe Mount(p79) 第四章 Albrecht Durer[p168]\\ Amerigo V espucci[p180] Andreas V esalius(1514-1564)[p181] Aldus Manutius[p181] Bartholomeu dias[p180]
《欧洲文化入门》的考试大致包括以下几种题型：四选一，填空，判断，简答题，名词解释，论述题。 选择题：这种题型可考查考生的记忆、理解、判断、推理分析，综合比较，鉴别评价等多种能力，评分客观，故常被应用。在答题时，如果能瞬时准确地把正确答案找出来最好，假如没有把握，就应采用排除法，即应从排除最明显的错误开始，把接近正确答案的备选项留下，再分析比较强以逐一否定最终选定正确答案。 填空题：这种题型常用于考核考生准确记忆的“再现”能力，在答题时，无论有几个空，回答都应明确、肯定，不能含糊其辞，填空题看似容易实则难，最好的应对办法是对英语语言知识中最基本的知识、概念、原理等要牢记。 名词解释：这种题型一般针对英语专业自考本科段课程中的基本概念、专业名词进行命题，主要考核考生的识记、理解能力。在答题时，答案要简明、概括、准确，如分值较大，可简要扩展。 简答题：这种题型一般围绕基本概论、原理及其联系进行命题，着重考核考生对概念、史实、原理的掌握、辨别和理解能力。在答题时，既不能像名词解释那样简单，也不能像论述题那样长篇大论，答案要有层次性，列出要点，并加以简要扩展就可以。 论述题：这种题型一般从试卷编制的全局出发，能从体现考试大纲中的重点内容和基本问题的角度来命题，着重考核考生分析、解决实际问题的能力，考核考生综合应用能力和创见性。在答题时，要仔细审题，列出答案要点，然后对要点逐一展开叙述，此时考生应发挥自己的真知灼见，要在深度，广度上下功。如果对哪些要点把握不大，时间又不允许多考虑，那就宁可多答一些要点，但应避免把不能说明问题或者与答案相矛盾的东西都写上。充分认识本课程的知识点的庞杂性，力求以乐观、耐心、仔细和勤奋的态度投入学习。 要研究欧洲发展的历史，我们要仅仅抓住两条线索。一条是社会文化发展线索，那就是希腊和罗马文化历史。另一条则是精神宗教形成线索，即犹太教和基督教历史。正如，想精通中国文化必先熟知孔夫子和道家文化一样。下面我们将分章节进行综述。在每章综述的最后，会有一两道重要的问答题分析。每章还会附有一些练习题，希望大家好好做一做。 好，下面我们开始分章讲述。 第一章希腊罗马文化 希腊罗马文化可以说是欧洲文明的起源，所以这一章节应该是比较重要的章节。我们先看希腊的发展。 希腊文明分为几个时期，她形成于公元前800－500年，经历了古典时代（也就是公元前500到公元前336年）和希腊化时代（也就是公元前336年到公元前31年）。希腊文明达到顶峰是公元前5世纪。公元前146年，希腊被罗马攻克。希腊文明也就被罗马文明所取代。 这段历史的重要大事有： 1、公元前12世纪，随着特洛伊人的入侵，希腊堕入“黑暗时代”。荷马史诗描述的正是希腊人与特洛伊人之间的战争（《以利亚特》和《奥得赛》）。这里要注意的是，荷马史诗描述的时代并非荷马生活的时代。荷马生活在公元前700年。 2、公元前6世纪，希腊世界开始有了全面改变，为后来的古典时代打开了通途。其中两个重要的城邦国家是雅典和斯巴达。雅典发展起一个完全不同类型的社会，公元前594年，梭伦成为雅典的首席执行官，他的贡献在于，在组织上为以后建立著名的雅典民主奠定了基础。雅典之所以在当时拥有卓越的地位，是因为它在打败庞大的波斯帝国这场重大战争中起了最主要的作用。历史之父希罗多德在他的历史书中进行了详尽的描述。 3、由于雅典的不断扩张引起了斯巴达的恐慌，因而在公元前431年爆发了伯罗奔尼撒战争。
英语专业八级词汇专项自测题十套（1000题）By朱晓慧（北大出版社） Edited by Adam Brown Shenstone 自测题第十套 I.For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the ONE that best complete the sentence: 901.My two-year-old nephew_the corner of the tablecloth and a bottle of red wine tipped over. A.appended B.yanked C.avouched D.bloated 902.A cinema was burnt out in north London last night.Police suspect_. A.armpit B.arsenal C.arson D.artifact 903.A duck_quickly across the road. A.bedraggled B.waddled C.condoned D.poached 904.While most people would_at the prospect of so much work,Daniels seems to positively enjoy it. A.accentuate B.collate C.dehumanize D.blanch 905.The queen may have privilege but she has no real political_. A.clog B.clot C.cluck D.clout 906.I must buy a razor today and get rid of the_on my legs! A.fuzz B.fuss C.fuse D.fusion 907.The sun was shining straight in her eyes which made her A.engender B.mystify C.squint D.deploy 908.Doctors managed to reattach the finger of a man whose hand had been_by an electric saw. A.intersected B.mangled C.hiked D.gainsaid 909.The government is now demanding the_of its ancient treasures that were removed from the country in the16th century. A.institution B.tuition C.trinity D.restitution 910.The sentence"Her youngest siste:r-the one who lives in Australia—is coming over next summer"contains a_. A.parenthesis B.footnote C.epic D.treatise 911.As a former MP,he is well_in parliamentary procedure. A.averse B.versed C.overdone D.overburdened 912.The government is bringing in stricter laws to_drunken drivers. A.dismantle B.devour C.devolve D.deter 913.I got a few_of paint on the window when I was painting the frames. A.fleas B.flaks C.flexes D.flecks 914.People who live in crowded cities often experience breathing problems during the summer when high temperature combine with_polluted air. A.drab B.stagnant C.lurid D.hoary 915.Buildings old and new are thickly covered with_. A.graffiti B.grandeur C.graphite D.gradient 916.We're at a critical_in terms of his domestic program. A.jig B.martin C.martini D.juncture 917.If he wins this race,it will_for his recent string of defeats. A.ameliorate B.atone C.asperse D.ascertain
作业 1．第1题 By a complex process of violence, struggle, and sexual attraction,__built up the power. 您的答案：B 题目分数： 此题得分： 2．第2题 The Greeks imagined their gods to have human shape, which was__. realistic idealized realistic idealized 您的答案：D 题目分数： 此题得分： 3．第9题 The kingdom of God refers to__. creation of God rule of God love of God land of God 您的答案：B 题目分数：
此题得分： 4．第10题 In the 13th century, many schools _. organized into universities way to universities state-run government-funded 您的答案：B 题目分数： 此题得分： 5．第11题 According to Greek mythology ___, which goes well with the idea of Daoism in China. can be produced from nothing Greece was a matriarchal society marriage was prevalent in Ancient Greece was the mode of production in Ancient Greece 您的答案：A 题目分数： 此题得分： 6．第12题 John Wycliffe's goal of translation was __. praise God give the Bible to the people express himself explain mystery 您的答案：B 题目分数： 此题得分： 7．第13题 The name Jesus suggests__.