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英语语法的过去_现在与未来

英语语法的过去_现在与未来
英语语法的过去_现在与未来

高中英语语法讲解与练习之动词过去分词

高中英语语法之动词过去分词 简介 规则动词的过去分词一般是由动词加ed构成(具体规则见后),不规则动词的过去分词见不规则动词表。过去分词则属于类动词 1. 及物动词的过去分词作表语,与句子主语是被动关系,表示主语的状态,不但表示被动,还表示已完成了.The cup is broken. 茶杯破了. 2. 不及物动词的过去分词作表语,与句子主语是主动关系,表示主语的状态,只表示动作的完成. He is retired. 他已退休. 3. 有些过去分词作表语时,构成的谓语很接近被动结构. 过去分词构成规则 1 、规则动词:规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则: (1)、一般动词,在词尾直接加“ ed ”。work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited (2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词,只在词尾加“ d ”。live---lived---lived , (3)、以“辅音字母+ y ”结尾的动词,将"y" 变为"i" ,再加“ ed ”。 study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried , (4)、重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母,先双写该辅音字母,再加“ ed ”。 stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped 2 、不规则动词,见不规则表 一、当过去分词作为表语 The city is surrounded on three sides by mountains. 这座城市三面环山. 【注意】过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别:过去分词作表语,主要是表示主语的状态,而被动语态则表示动作. (1) The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday. 茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的.(是被动语态,表示动作) (2) The library is now closed. 图书馆关门了.(过去分词作表语) 【注意】过去分词表示被动或完成, -ing 形式表示主动或进行.有些动词如interest, bore, worry, surprise, frighten 等通常用其过去分词形式来修饰人,用-ing 形式来修饰物. (3) The book is interesting and I'm interested in it. 这本书很有趣,我对它很感兴趣. 二、当过去分词作为定语 作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词,其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词.及物动词的过去分词作定语,既表被动又表完成;不及物动词的过去分词作定语,只表完成. 1. 过去分词用作定语,如果是单个的,常置于其所修饰的名词之前. We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions. 我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况. 2. 过去分词短语用作定语时,一般置于其所修饰的名词之后,其意义相当于一个定语从句,但较从句简洁,多用于书面语中. The concert given by their friends was a success.他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功. 3.过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定语,前后常有逗号. The meeting, attended by over five thousand people, welcomed the great hero. 他们举行了欢迎英雄的大会,到会的有五千多人. 4. 用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移到修饰非人的事物,这种过去分词在形式上虽不直接修饰人,但它所修饰的事物仍与人直接有关.

英语语法-现在完成时用法及习题

目录 1现在完成时的构成 (2) 2现在完成时的用法 (5) 3 使用现在完成时需注意事项 (7) 4过去完成时与现在完成时的比较 (12) 练习题 (13) 答案 (16)

现在完成时对于我们来讲是所有时态中最难掌握的一种。因为它并不是表示发生于某一时间的事情,而是既涉及过去,又联系现在的一种时态。请参见下列三个例句: 例:1.I live in Beijing. 我住在北京。 2.I lived in Beijing. 我住过北京。(我在北京住过。) 3.I have lived in Beijing. 我一直住在北京。 例1.的live是一般现在式,表示“我现在住在北京”这一事实。 例2.的lived是过去式。这句只是表示在过去的某一时期我在北京住过,至于现在住不住在北京则不清楚。 例3.的have lived是现在完成时,表示我在过去的某一时间开始住在北京,现在也住在北京。表示从过去到现在的一种继续状态。 1现在完成时的构成 现在完成时的形式是“have (has)+过去分词”,表示继续、完了、结果和经验等四种意思。 现在完成时的否定句是在have(has)的后面加上not,疑问句是将have(has)置于主语之前。 1现在完成时的肯定句 句型:

We have lived in Beijing. 我们一直住在北京。 He has lived in Beijing. 他一直住在北京。 过去分词的三种用法 过去分词有下列三种用法(过去分词的构成详见第六章):1.构成现在(过去)完成时 have(has)+过去分词~ I have written the letter. 我写完这封信了。 2.被动语态:参见第十三章 be + 过去分词~ He was looked after.他受到照顾。 3.用于形容词 This is a broken chair. 这是一张坏的椅子。 2现在完成时的否定句 句型:主语+have(has)+not +过去分词~. I have not seen the movie yet.

初中英语语法过去完成时

初中英语过去完成时态讲解试题 过去完成时态 1)过去完成时态的构成: 肯定式:had + 动词的过去分词 否定式:hadn't + 动词的过去分词 疑问式:Had … + 动词的过去分词 简略回答: Yes, 主 + have/has had. No, 主 + had现在完成时的用法 过去完成时的用法: 1、表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。他表示的时间是"过去的过去 "常与by last year, by the time of yesterday,等连用。如: She said she had seen the film 4 times. When Mr Li got to the classroom, all the students had begun reading. By the time they arrived, the bus had left. 2、表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。常与for (后跟段时间)或since (后跟点时间)等连用.如: She had worked in this school since it opened 25 years ago. 例题解析:举一反三,学的更轻松! 1. He ______ in Shanghai University for four years before he ______ Beijin g. A. studied, had gone B. had studied, went C. has studied, goes D. had studied, had gone

过去式是英语语法的一种

过去式是英语语法的一种,表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态。一般过去式的动词通常用动词的过去式形式来表示,而动词的过去式是在动词原形的基础上变化的。动词的过去式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。 Be动词的一般过去时 在没有实义动词的句子中使用be动词,am is 的过去式为was; are的过去式为were 肯定句式:主语+ be(was , were) + 其它. 否定句式:主语+ be(was , were) + not + 其它. 一般疑问句:Be(was , were) + 主语+ 其它? 注:在这种构成中,be动词有人称和数的变化,即要根据主语选用was / were。Be动词分为单数和复数,was是表示单数,were是表示复数。 实义动词的一般过去时态 肯定句要使用动词的过去式,否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do和does 的过去式did. 肯定句式:主语+ 动词(过去式)+ 其它 否定句式:主语+ didn’t + 动词(原形)+ 其它【did not = didn’t】 一般疑问句:Did + 主语+ 动词(原形)+ 其它【do , does的过去时均为did】? 注:1. did和didn’t是构成一般过去时的助动词,其特点是要在其后跟动词的原形。 2.实意动词do的一般过去时 I do my homework every day.(用yesterday改写句子) I did my homework yesterday. I didn’t do my homework yesterday.(否定句) Did you do your homework yesterday?Yes ,I did. /No, I didn’t.(一般疑问句) 情态动词的一般过去时态

(word完整版)高中英语语法全解-过去分词

第7章动词的过去分词形式 动词的-ed形式也是非谓语动词的一种,它具有动词的一些特点,同时也具有形容词、副词的句法功能,在句中可用作表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语等。 一、动词的-ed形式的特征 A.动词的-ed形式是由动词的过去分词构成 动词的-ed形式只有一种形式,即传统语法中的过去分词。绝大部分的动词的-ed形式由动词原形加-ed构成,也有一些动词的-ed形式是不规则的。 1.规则动词的-ed形式 limit→limited(限制) pretend→pretended(假装) escape→escaped(逃脱) provide→provided(提供) refer→referred(提交) drag→dragged(拖) pray→prayed(祈祷) supply→supplied(供应) 2.不规则动词的-ed形式 cast→cast(投掷) spread→spread(传播) bite→bitten(咬) forgive→forgiven(原谅) spit→spat(吐) wear→worn(穿) fight→fought(搏斗) lose→lost(丢失) 3.少数动词的-ed形式作定语时,读音与一般过去分词不同 learned a learned professor 一位知识渊博的教授 aged an aged man 老人 beloved his beloved computer 他心爱的计算机 B.动词的-ed形式的否定形式 动词的-ed形式的否定形式是由not或never加动词的-ed形式构成。 Not allowed to go in, he had to wait outside. 不允许他进去,他只好在外面等着。 Never invited to his party, she got angry with him. 从未被邀请过去他的聚会,她很生气。 C.动词的-ed形式的特征 动词的-ed形式有被动的意思,有时也可表示完成的动作。 1.动词的-ed形式表示已完成的动作。 除了作形容词用的-ed形式外,动词的-ed形式可带有完成的意义,有的同时也带有被动的意义。

现在完成时的构成英语语法大全

现在完成时的构成 一)肯定式 主语+助动词have /has +过去分词+其它 说明:这里的have /has是助动词,没有什么具体意义。当主语是第三人称单数时助动词 用has,其余人称一律用have。has,have的缩略式分别为's或've。规则动词过去分词的构 成与过去式的构成方式一样,不规则动词可参看不规则动词表。实例: 1)I've just copied all the new words .我刚抄写了所有的生词。(表示不要再抄了) 2)She has lost her books .她丢失了她的书。(表示到目前为止还没有找到) (如果用过去时:She lost her books . 则强调书是过去丢的这一动作,而不知现在有没有找到) 3)We've just cleaned the classroom .我们刚好打扫了教室。(表明现在教室是干净的) 二)否定式 主语+助动词have /has+not+过去分词+其它 说明:现在完成时构成否定句时,只需在助动词have /has后面加not就行。have not,has not的缩略式分别为haven't ,hasn't。另外,肯定句中有some,already时,改为否定时要分 别改成any,yet。实例: 1)I haven't finished my homework yet.我还没有完成我的作业。 2)She hasn't travelled on a train .她没有坐火车旅行过。 3)We have never spoken to a foreigner.我们从来没有和外国人说过话。 注:有时not可以用never代替,表示“从来没有”的意思。又如: 4)I have never seen him before.以前我从来没有见过他。 三)一般疑问式 助动词Have /Has +主语+过去分词+其它? 说明:把陈述句中的have或has放到句首,句末打问号,同时把句中的some ,already改为any ,ye t就构成了一般疑问句。肯定回答用“Yes ,主语+have/has.否定回答用“No,主语+haven't/hasn't.”有时也可以用“No,not yet./No ,never./No,not even once.”等。实例:

英语语法大攻克--过去完成时专项练

过去完成时专项练习 1. 1. 单项选择 1.He asked me _____ during the summer holidays. A. where I had been B. where I had gone C. where had I been D. where had I gone 2. What ____ Jane ____ by the time he was sever? A. did, do B. has, done C did, did. D. had, done 3. I ______ 900 English words by the time I was ten。 A. learned B. was learning C. had learned D. learnt 4. She ______lived here for ______ years. A. had, a few B. has, several C. had, a lot of D. has, a great deal of 5. By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I _____ the dinner already. A had cooked B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cooked 6. She said she __________ the principle already A .has seen B. saw C. will see D. had seen 7. She said her family _______ themselves ______ the army during the war. A. has hidden, from B. had hidden, from C. has hidden, with D. had hidden, with 8. By the time he was ten years old, he _________. A. has completed university B. has completed the university B. had completed an university D. had completed university 9. She had written a number of books ______ the end of last year. A. for B. in C. by D. at 10. He _____ to play ____ before he was 11 years old. A had learned, piano B. had learned, the piano C. has learned, the piano D. learns ,piano. 11. What _______ Annie ____ by the time he was ten? A. did, do B. did, did C. has, done D. had done 12 .He ___ in the factory for three years before he joined the Army. A. has worked B. works C. had worked D. will work

英语语法现在完成时的基本例句精修订

英语语法现在完成时的 基本例句 SANY标准化小组 #QS8QHH-HHGX8Q8-GNHHJ8-HHMHGN#

现在完成时的基本例句: 1.I have worked here since 1970. 自1970 年以来我就在这儿工作。 2.He has been to the Great Wall twice. 他已经去过两次长城了。 3.Mike has just finished his homework. 迈克刚做完他的作业。 现在完成时是描述过去发生的而与现在情况有关的事或状态(例2, 例3),或是从过去某时到现在为止这一段时间中发生的情况(例1),换言之,现在完成时是表现从过去到现在的事情。2 现在完成时的用法现在完成时的形式皆以“ have(has)+过去分词”来表示,有“继续”、“完了”、“结果”、“经验”等用法。 继续 I have studied English for three years. 我已经学习英语三年了。 She has been sick since last month. 她从上个月就生病了。 经验 I have visited Beijing many times. 我访问过北京好多次了。 Have you ever been to Hawaii 你曾经去夏威夷吗 完成 I have just finished my homework. 我刚刚完成我的家庭作业。 Has he finished his work yet 他作好工作了吗 结果 My brother has become a teacher. 我哥哥已经成为一名教师了。 I have lost my watch. 我手表弄丢了。(我现在仍旧没有表)

初中英语语法过去完成时

【初中语法系列】过去完成时,过去的过去!对于理解过去完成时来说,其要义只有一点,那就“过去的过去”。 一.过去完成时的概念与结构 概念: 表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作,即“过去的过去(past-in-the-past )”。 构成: “助动词had +过去分词”,其中had 通用于各种人称。 They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel.在到达旅馆之前,他们已经吃过了早饭。 二.过去完成时的用法 1.表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束,即发生在“过去的过去”。例如: When I woke up, it had stopped raing. 我醒来时,雨已经停了。(雨停发生在醒来之前,即“过去的过去”) 2.表示某一动作或状态在过去某时之前已经开始,一直延续到这一过去时间,而且动作尚未结束,仍然有继续下去的可能。例如: By the end of last year, he had worked in the factory for twenty years.到去年年底为止,他已经在这个工厂工作了20年。(到去年年底为止已工作了20年,还有继续进行下去的可能) 三.过去完成时的判断依据 1.由时间状语来判定

一般说来,各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有: (1)by +过去的时间点,例如: I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night. 到昨天晚上九点钟为止,我已经读完了这本小说。 (2)by the end of +过去的时间点,例如: We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.到上学期末为止,我们已经学了两千多单词。 (3)before +过去的时间点,例如: They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday. 在xx之前,他们已经植了六百棵树。 2.由“过去的过去”来判定 过去完成时表示“过去的过去”,是指在过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作,即动作有先后关系,动作在前的用过去完成时,在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在: (1)宾语从句中 当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时,且从句的动作先于主句的动作时,从句要用过去完成时。例如: She said that she had seen the film before. 她说她之前看过这部电影。 (2)状语从句中 在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中,主、从句的动作发生有先后关系,动作在前的,要用过去完成时,动作在后的要用一般过去时。例如:

一般过去式与过去进行时(英语语法)

一般过去式与过去进行时 一般过去时Simple Past tense 构成:【主+was/were】或者【主+动词过去式】 I was very surprised when the Alien went into a toy shop. ......我很惊讶The Alien was so cute! 外星人很可爱! We were on the playground when the UFO landed. 我们在操场上When the police arrived, the Alien disappeared suddenly. be动词在一般过去时中表示“是”、“在”【有意义】 过去进行时Past Continuous tense 基本构成:was/were +doing We were playing football when the UFO landed? I was eating an apple when the UFO landed? I was reading a book when the UFO landed? be动词在过去进行时中只是一个符号,【无意义】 一般过去时的用法 1、表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 He was at home yesterday. I got up at six thirty yesterday morning. I visited my aunt last weekend. 2、表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 My father often went to work by bus last year. When I was a child, I often listened to music.

小学英语语法一般过去时的用法

一般过去时的用法 一、概念 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如:yesterday,yesterday morning,yesterday afternoon,yesterday evening,the day before yesterday(前天),last night,last week,last month,last year,a moment ago(刚才),just now(刚才),two days ago,a week ago,in 1990等。 如:I went to bed at eleven last night. 昨晚我11:00睡觉。 一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 二、句式变化: 1.表示过去某个时间里发生的动作,或过去经常或反复发生的动作。(行为动词)肯定陈述句句型: 主语+ 动词过去式+其它。 I visited my uncle yesterday. 昨天我拜访了我的叔叔。 否定陈述句句型: 主语+didn’t + 动词原型+其它。 I didn’t visit my uncle yesterday. 一般疑问句句型:Did + 主语+ 动词原形 Did you visit your uncle yesterday 肯定回答:Yes, 主语+ did. Yes, I did. 否定回答:No, 主语+ didn’t. No, I didn’t. 特殊疑问句句型:特殊疑问词+ did +主语+ 动词原形+其它 What did you do yesterday 2.表示某个时间里存在的状态.(系动词be) 肯定陈述句句型:主语+ be过去式(was/were)+其它。 They were in the classroom just now. 否定陈述句句型: 主语+ be的过去式+not(wasn’t/weren’t)+其它。 They weren’t in the classroom just now. 一般疑问句句型:Was/Were + 主语+ 其它 Were they in the classroom just now

英语语法学习:一般过去时与现在完成时的比较

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他旅游回来三天后病倒了。 He had taught English for twenty years when heretired. 当他退休时,他已教英语二十年了。 He had taught English for twenty years after he graduated from college. 他大学毕业后教过二十年英语。 英语作业 一、在下列短文中,用适当的动词形式填入空格。 A1.The telephone (1) ___ (ring) and I(2)___ (pick) up the receiver. “Hullo,”I said. “Hullo,”said a voice. “Bill here. (3)___ (be) Betty there?” “I’m sorry,”I said,“you (4) ___ (get)the wrong number.” A few seconds later,the telephone (5)___ (ring) again. Just as I (6) ___ (expect),it (7) ___ (be) Bill. “You (8)___ (make) a mistake again,”I (9) ___ (explain).

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