专题一名词
Ⅰ.名词的定义
名词是表示人、事物、现象和其他抽象概念的名称的词。名词可分为专有名词和普
名词。
专有名词是具体的人和事物等特有名称。专有名词的第一个字母要大写，人名、地名
公共节日及月份、周日的名称等等都是属于专有名词。（见资料）
如：Yao Ming 姚明； China 中国；Christmas 圣诞节等。
Ⅱ. 可数名词和不可数名词普通名词按照其所表示的事物的性质分为可数
名词和不可数名词。
1．可数名词可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。如：an apple; two apples 。
★注意： a 用于以辅音音素( 指音标) 开头的单数名词前；
an 用于以元音音素( 指音标) 开头的单数名词前。
如：a book/buk/, a useful/ju:sful/ book ，an apple/’aepl/ ，a red apple , an hour/’aua/
2．不可数名词: 不可数名词包括物质名词和抽象名词，没有复数形式。(1)物质名词。如： water; rice; tea; milk; food; fruit; meat; fish(鱼肉); chicken(鸡肉); beef; mutton; orange(橙汁)；sugar; salt; paper(纸); porridge; bread; sand; juice等。这类不可数名词需要计量时要在名词前加表示量的词。如：a cup of tea; two bags of rice; three bottles of water 等。
(2)抽象名词。如： news; music; time(时间); information等。
(3)不可数名词不能与数词或不定冠词连用。
(4)注意有些名词既可做可数名词也可做不可数名词。
如：fish; time; glass; orange; room; noise; chicken等。但使用时一定要区分它们表达的不同意义。
Ⅲ. 名词的数
(1)元音或词尾发生变化
如：man→men; woman→women; Frenchman→Frenchmen; tooth→teeth; foot→feet; child→children
(2)单复数形式相同
如：sheep→sheep; fish→fish; Chinese→Chinese; Japanese→Japanese; yuan→yuan
(3)形式为单数意思为复数如：people，police（集合名词）
(4)形式为复数意思为单数如：news, maths, physics, the United States等。
(5)只用复数形式如：pants, shorts, clothes，glasses(眼镜)等。
3. 不可数名词的量的表示：（不能直接用数字；不能直接加a。an；无复数形式）(1)表不定数量时，一般用much，(a)little, a lot of/lots of, some, any等词修饰。
(2)表确定数量时，一般用“数词＋量词＋of＋不可数名词。
如：a piece of paper, a piece of news, a bag of rice, two glasses of milk, four bottles of water
（1）
Ⅳ.名词的所有格：
1. 有生命的名词所有格
(1) 单数名词后加’s 。如：my brother’s book
(2) 不以s 结尾的复数名词后加’s 。如：the children’s football
(3) 以s 结尾的复数名词后加’ 。如：the boys’ game
(4) 以s 结尾的专有名词后直接加’ 。如：Dickens’ novels
(5) 某物为两个名词共有时，在第二个名词后加’s : 如：Tom and David’s room.
(6) 表示两个名词各自拥有的东西，在两个名词后都加’s: 如：Tom’s and David’s rooms.
2. 无生命的事物的名词所有格(of所有格)
(1)of＋名词。如：a photo of my family, the door of the classroom
注意：“of＋名词’s/名词性物主代词” 构成双重所有格如：a friend of mine, a friend of Jim’s。
(2) 表示时间或距离，国家，城市的方法。也可用’s来构成所有格
▲如：ten minutes’ drive十分钟车程；a month’s holiday一个月的假期。China’s capital
(3)表称呼、职业等名词的所有格可以表示人的住所或工作场所。所有格后面的名词一般被省去。
如：at his brother’s; at the doctor’s; at the barker’s; at Mr Read’s (4)用所有格表示节日的方法：如：Teachers’ Day; Children’s Day
.（除了父亲节和母亲节其他节日我们都用名词复数的所有格表示。）
如：Mother’s Day; Father’s Day.
▲（5）.由some、any、no、every与one、body 结合的复合不定代词something 、anything 等和else 连用时，所有格应加在else的后面。This is
_________________(somebody else ) pencil .
四、名词作句子成分：
★1.名词作主语
1).表示时间、金钱、距离作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Two hours _______(be) enough for us to get there .
2).量词短语“数字+量词+ of +…”作主语时，谓语动词应与量词保持一致。
A pair of shoes _______(be) under the bed . Two pieces of paper _______(be) on the desk .
3).名词+介词（with、except 、along with ….）+名词作主语时，谓语动词应与前面的名词保持一致。
The teacher with the students _________(be) planting trees on the hill .
4).短语“neither…nor…、either…or…、not only…but also …”连接主语时，谓语动词实行就近原则。
Neither he nor I ______ (be) a Frenchman .
★2.名词作定语
1).名词作定语时，一般用单数形式。变复数时，名词中的中心词变为复数形式。
如：a banana tree→banana trees; a shoe factory→shoe factories There is a shoe factory near the school .
2).名词作定语时，个别情况用复数形式。(sport )
The sports meeting will be held next week .
3).man、woman 作定语表示性别时，man、woman随后面的名词单复数而变。
one man teacher two women teachers
（2）
词类一名词
( ) 1.（2009·广州）—You look very tired this morning. What did you do yesterday afternoon? —I did _______ Christmas shopping.
A. a lot of
B. a few of
C. a number of
D. a piece of
( ) 2.（2009·武汉）—Why do you get up so early in the morning, Tracy ？
—I generally make it a _______ to be up by 7 to read English.
A. plan
B. wish
C. secret
D. rule
( ) 3.（2009·武汉）—Do the dishes, Mike, or I will tell mum!
—Mind your own _______ ,Sue!
A. action
B. duty
C. business
D. Way
( ) 4.（2009·广州）The letter from my uncle was short. There wasn't_______ news.
A. many
B. a few
C. much
D. few
( ) 5.（2009·威海）--Why didn’t you take a taxi back last night?
--Because I didn’t have any_________with me.
A. food
B. bicycle
C. friend
D. money
( ) 6.（2009·成都）John always says that he likes apples of all the ______ .
A. vegetables
B. fruits
C. drinks
( ) 7.（2009·江西）---You look worried. What’s your ___ ?
---I have trouble learning English.
A. name
B. question
C. problem
D. job
( ) 8.（2009·南京）--Oh, my God! We have missed the last bus. What shall we do?
--I’m afraid we have no ______ but to take a taxi.
A. choice
B. decision
C. reason
D. information
( ) 9.（2009·河南）I like _______ a lot, and my mother usually cooks it in different ways. A. fish B. butter C. potatoes D. noodles
( ) 10.（2009·宜昌）--In my opinion, China has more ______to deal with the disease ofA/H1N1.
--I quite agree with you. Chinese medicine works well.
A. advantages
B. interests
C. equipments
D. materials
( ) 11.（2009·娄底）—It’s said that you have moved into a new house.
—Yeah，and we need to buy some_______ in the mall nearby.
A. food
B. furniture
C. hamburger
( )12.（2009·孝感）All the _______ teachers enjoyed themselves on March 8th, because it was their own holiday.
A. man
B. men
C. woman
D. women
( ) 13.（2009·湖北孝感）
Emma, who are you taking _________ of at home?
— My grandma, she got hurt in an accident.
A. place
B. part
C. seat
D. care
( ) 14.（2009·山西）--How can I see thick snow in most northern parts of China?
--You have to wait till ______ comes, Steve.
A. summer
B. autumn
C. winter
( ) 15.（2009·山西）Let’s get some ______ about tourism on the Internet.
A. information
B. message
C. invention
( ) 16.（2009·无锡）_____ the teachers in their school is about 200 and one fourth of them are _____ teachers.
A. A number of ; women
B. A number of ; woman
C. The number of ; women
D. The number of ; woman
( ) 17.（2009·绥德）Mike and his friend are going to the _______ to see the new action movie tonight.
A. book shop
B. restaurant
C. concert
D. cinema
(3)
( ) 18.(2009.安徽)--Shall we go shopping now?
---Sorry. It’s not the right ________. I’m too tired.
A. way
B. weather
C. place
D. moment
( ) 19.（2009.安徽）--I’m afraid I can’t get there before 9 o’clock.
--That’s OK. There’s _______ .
A. no way
B. no wonder
C. no doubt
D. no hurry
( ) 20.（2009.漳州）--What makes you so upset?
--I wanted to explain why I was late, but Mr. White didn’t give me a(n) _____.
A. way
B. chance
C. idea
D. excuse
( ) 21.（2009·通化）We need to come up with a/an ______ and make a decision at once. A. information B. advice C. idea D. news
( ) 22.（2009·德州）Look at the flowers! They are in different _______: red, yellow, pink…
A. colors
B. sizes
C. prices
D. names
( ) 23.（2009·恩施）–I’d like ______ grapes and pears.
–Oh, I only need ______ orange juice.
A. some; a few
B. a few; some
C. a little; few
D. a little; a few
( )2 4.（2009·阜康）—What would you like to drink?
—________, please.
A. Rice
B. Meat
C. Water
D. Bread
( ) 25.（2009·朝阳）--You look very young, Mrs. Green. Could you tell me how old you are? ---Oh, sorry. It’s a(n) _______ .
A. problem
B. instruction
C. secret
D. business
( ) 26.（2009·安顺）We should not eat ______ meat.
A. too many
B. much too
C. too much
D. many too
( ) 27.（2009·安顺）I don’t understand the story though there are _______ new words in it.
A. few
B. little
C. a few
D. a little
( ) 28.（2009·安顺）This is not my dictionary. It’s ______ . She lent it to me this morning. A. my sister B. my sisters
C. my sister’s
D. my sisters
( ) 29.（2009·安顺）A school in Anshun held an activity c alled ―Recommend(推荐) Books to Your Teachers‖. The students made a ______ of 1,0000 books!
A. note
B. line
C. menu
D. list
( ) 30.（2009·莆田）--I feel thirsty. I want something to drink. What about you?
--OK. Let’s go and buy some ________ .
A. orange
B. bread
C. chocolate
( ) 31.（2009·莆田）Hurry up. There is _____ time left.
A. a little
B. little
C. few
32.(2010·内江)—Well,you look so happy!
--Because I've got a good ________.
A.work
B. news
C.job
D. ideas
( ) 33. (2010·上海)You can get much_____about the World Expo on the Internet.
A.map
B.picture
C.ticket
https://www.doczj.com/doc/4a18959100.html,rmation
( ) 34. (2010·上海)The customers are pleased with the________of the restaurant.
A.balance
B.experience
C.surface
D.service
( ) 35. (2010·晋江)–Lily has a silk ______. Listen, she is singing in the next room!
-- How nice!.
A. look
B. noise
C. voice
( ) 36.（2010·通化）We need to come up with a/an____and make a decision at once.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/4a18959100.html,rmation
B.advice
C.idea
D.news
( ) 37.(2010·湖州)--Would you like some ___?
--No,thank you.I’m not hungry at all.
A.water
B.books
C.clothes
D.bread
(4)
( )38.（2010·荆州)—When will the 2010 World Expo(世博会) come to a close?
—It’ll close at the end of ________.
A. September
B. October
C. November
D. December
( )39.（2010·武汉）–Why are you still waiting in line?
--I’ve missed my _______ .全品中考网
A. place
B. order
C. turn
D. time
( )40.(2010·河南)It was very hard for me to make a_______but J decided to leave my job.
A suggestion
B decision
C plan
D speech
( )41.（2010·黄冈）—Good news. We will have a _____holiday.
--I’ve heard of it.But it’s coming in____.
A.three days ; three days’ time
B.three days’; three d ays’
C.three-day; three days
D.three days; three-day time
( )42.（2010·聊城）—Why not go to Qingdao on May Day,Jim?
--I’m afraid it’s not a good ________.I have been there several times.
A.way
B.place
C.advice
D.idea
( )43.（2010·阜康）( )Mr Black gave us ______on how to learn English well.
A.an advice
B.many advices
C.some advice
D.some advices
( )44.（2010·黄石）—With whom did you watch 2010 World Cup Opening Ceremony ?
—_________.
A. A friend of mine
B. A friend of me
C. A friend of my sister
D. A friend of you
( )45.（2010·荆门）Oh, my god! The kids are making too much_____ here. I can’t do anything.
A. sound
B. V oice
C. Noise
D. footstep
( )46.（2010·襄樊）—What’s your job , Henry?
—I’m a ________ ,I work late . I’m very busy when peopl e go out to dimters .
A. waiter
B. reporter
C. teacher
D. nurse
( )47.(2010·鸡西)－How many ______can you see in the picture?
－Only one.
A. Dog
B. sheep
C. child
D. tree
( )48.（2010·定西)—What’s your?
—I like swimming.
A. job
B. age
C.hobby
D. number
( )49.(2010·定西)—What would you like，sir?
—.
A. Two pop
B. Two bottles pop
C. Two bottles of pop
D. Two bottle of pop
( )50.（2010·莱芜）I have a_____ for breakfast everyday.
A. hot dog
B. Cookie
C. Dumpling
D. hamburger
( )51.(2010·哈尔滨)A low-carbon(低碳) lifestyle has ______ effect on our daily life. People are paying more and more attention to saving ______ these days.
A. the, energies
B. a, energy
C. an, energy
( )52. (2010三明)—What a fine day! Shall we go hiking, Bob?
--I’d love to.But is’s not the right ________.I am busy now.
A.place
B.moment
C.weather
( )53.（2010·天津）If you work hard,you’ll get good ________.
A.grades
B.notes
C.lessons
D.answers
( )54.（2010·泰安）—Lucy, do you like _____?
-Yes.Most of my clothes are ______.
A.an orange an orange
B.orange ,orange
C.oranges ,oranges
D.orange,an orange ( )55.（2010·青海&宁夏)Mr. Li regards Ningxia as his second_______ because he has been here for over twenty years.
A. family
B. house
C. room
D. home
( )56.（2010·沈阳）I'm not sure about the meaning of the word. You'd better look it up in a ____.
A.letter
B. dictionary
C. postcard
D. Notice
(5)
( )57.（2010·连云港）--What’s the news about ?
--_______ entertainment stars gathered to attact donations for Yushu.全品中考网
A. A member of
B. A kind of
C.A packet of
D.A number of
( )58.（2010·巴中）What a pity! Liu Xiang didn’t win the_____hurdles（跨栏）.
A.110-meter
B.110-meters
C.110 meter
D.110 meters
( )59.(2010·四川) When I was a student, I liked to sit in the front of the classroom
so that I could see the words more clearly on the _______.
A. blackboard
B. desk
C. dictionary
D. postcard
( )60.（2010·东阳) I saw many ______ eating grass on the hill.
A. horse
B. cow
C. rabbit
D. sheep
( )61.（2010·浙江）—The land in the southwest of China is in great need of . —Yes ,it hasn’t rained for a long ti me there.
A. milk
B.tea C coffee D. water
( )62.（2010·台湾）The pants I bought last year are too small now. I think I need a new .
A. belt
B. pair
C. shirt
D. space
( )63.（2010·台湾）Mike: I always forget what I want to buy when I go to the market. Oscar: Well, you can make a of things you want to buy.
A. habit
B. list
C. pack
D. wish
( )64.（2010·巴中）— What is the____of the 2010 World Expo（世博会）?
—It is ―Better City, Better Life‖.
A. song
B. theme
C. custom
( )65.（2010·眉山）—Would you like some drinks, boys?
—Yes, ____ , please
A. some oranges
B. two boxes of chocolate
C. some cakes
D. two boxes of cola 【答案】D
( )66.（2010·滨州）—Can I help you?
—I’d like ______ for my twin daughters.
A. two pair of shoes
B. two pairs of shoe
C. two pair of shoe
D. two pairs of shoes
全品中考网
1---5 ADCCD 5---10 BCAAA 11---15 BDDCA 16---20 CDDDB
21—22 CABCC 26--30 CACDA 31---35 BCDDC 36---40 CDBCB
41—45 CDCAC 46—50 ABCCD 51---55CBABD 56---60 BDAAD
61----66 DBBBDD
(6)
专题二冠词
Ⅰ.冠词的定义冠词是虚词。通常放在名词之前，用来说明名词所表示的人或事物。冠词分为不定冠词（a和an）和定冠词(the)两类。
Ⅱ.冠词的用法
1．不定冠词a, an的用法
(1)泛指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。A girl is waiting for you.
(2)不定冠词a 用在以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前；a useful book; a desk;不定冠词an 用在以元音音素开头的单数可数名词前。如：an old man; an actor; an “m”。
(3)第一次提到某人或某物而非特指时。如：There is a book on the desk, but the book isn’t mine.
(4)表示人或事物的某一类。如：An elephant is bigger than a tiger.
(5)用于表时间、速度、价格等意义的名词之前，有“每一”的意思，相当every 如：three times a week.
(6) 表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。I have a computer.
(7)用在序数词前，表示“又一，再一”I have three books. I want to buy a fourth one.
(8)可视为一个整体的两个名词前eg: a knife and fork 一副刀叉
(9)用在某些固定词组中：如：have a good time; have a swim ,have a cold , half an hour ,a lot(of), after a while , in a hurry , for a long time, a few ,a little ,at a time ,
2．定冠词the的用法
(1)用来特指某人或某物，双方都知道的人或物的名词前如：Open the door, please.
(2)用于上文提到的某人或某物。There is a kite on the wall. The kite is new.
(3)表示世界上独一无二的事物的名词前如：the sun; the moon; the earth; the Sky
(4)用在序数词或形容词最高级前，如：March is the third month of a year. He is the cleverest boy in his class.
(5)用在某些形容词前，表示一类人。如：the rich; the poor; the young; the old等。
(6)用在西洋乐器名词前。如：play the violin
(7)用在表示方位的名词前。如：in the east/north/west/south
(8)用在表示山脉、海洋、江河、湖泊、群岛、建筑物、名胜古迹等专有名词
或用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。如：the Yellow River; the Great Wall; the West Lake; the White House等
(9)用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫妻俩”。eg：The Greens are watchingTV Now
(10)用于形容词或副词比较级等构成“ the...the... ”的句式中，表示“越……越……”。如：The more, the better.
(11)用于固定搭配中。all the same仍然；all the time一直；at the moment此刻；at the same time同时；by the way顺便说；do the shopping/washing买东西/洗衣服；in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上in the open air 在户外，在野外
3．零冠词的用法
(1)棋类活动,球类运动,一日三餐，学科名词前不用任何冠词play chess play football have supper We all like English.
特例：当football，basketball指具体的某个球时,其前可以用冠词：I can see a football
（1）
我可以看到一只足球。Where’s the football？那只足球在哪儿？(指足球，并非“球类运动”)
(2)称呼语前不用冠词，表示头衔和职务的名词前也不加冠词。
如：I don’t feel well today, Mum./ This is Professor Li/ /Hello, Lily.
(3)在节假日、星期、月份、季节等名词前，用零冠词.
如：Teachers’ Day; Mother’s Day; on Monday; in May; in summer
▲但若指某年的某月份或某年的某季节，需在月份或季节前加the, eg：The winter in 2008 was very cold.
(4)名词前已有物主代词(my，your，his，her等)、指示代词(this/these，that/those)、不定代词(some，any等)及名词所有格修饰时,不用冠词my book(正)；my the book(误)
(5)有些专有名词, 如人名,地名,国家名，抽象名词和物质名词前一般不用冠词。如：China; Japanese; milk; love等。Jim lives in China.
(6)不可数名词和复数名词表泛指时前用零冠词We can’t live without water./ Horses are good animals.
(7)用在“专有名词+普通名词”构成的街名，路名，山名等名词前Hainan Island / Nanjing Road
(8) by与火车等交通工具连用，用零冠词
eg：by bus/ by train/by car/ by bike 注意：take a bus/ on the bike/ in a boat
(9)在某些固定搭配里,名词之前常不用冠词. QQ378459309制作
如on foot; at home; at night; from morning till night, on time, in time, at first, at last等。
(10)用与不用冠词的差异
①in hospital住院/ in the hospital在医院里②in front of在…(外部的)前面/ in the front of在…(内部的)前面
③at table进餐/ at the table在桌子旁④by sea乘船/ by the sea在
海边
⑤go to school(church…)上学(做礼拜…) /go to the school(church…)到学校(教堂…)去
⑥two of us我们当中的两人/ the two of us我们两人(共计两人)
⑦a teacher and writer一位教师兼作家(一个人)/a teacher and a writer一位教师和一位作家(两个人)
【中考演练】一. .单项填空
1.This morning I had--egg and a bottle of milk for my br eakfast. A. an B. a C. the D./
2. ---What’s the matter with you?
---I caught ________ bad cold and had to stay in ________.
A. a;/
B. a; the
C. a; a
D. the; the
3. ---Have you seen _______ pen? I left it here this mor ning. ---Is it ________ black one? I think I saw
it somewhere.
A. a; the
B. the; the
C. the; a
D. a; a
4. _______ sun is shining brightly.
A. A
B. An
C. The
D. /
5. There is _______ “h”in the word hour.
A. a
B. the
C. an
D./
6. Did you enjoy your stay in Xian?
Yes. I had _______ wonderful time.
A. a
B. an
C. the
D. /
7. ______ sun is bigger than _______ earth.
A. A; the
B. A; an
C. The; an
D. The; the
（2）
8. There is _______ apple and some pears on the table.
A. the
B./
C. a
D. an
9. David has _______ cat. It’s very nice.
A. a
B. an
C. the
D./
10. I’m reading _______ novel. It is _______ interesting st ory. A. a; an B. a; a C. the; the D. /; an
11It is said that SARS has killed more than ________ people world wide.
A.three hundreds
B.three hundreds’
C.three hundre d’s Dthree hundred12. ---How many workers are there in your factory?
---There are two __________.
A. hundreds
B. hundred
C. hundred of
D. hundreds of
13. ---Which is the smallest number of the four? ---______ _________. A. Two-thirds B. A half C. A quarter D. Th ree-fourths
14. What do you think of a war, Li Ming?
I’ve no idea. But it’s a fact that _______ people had to leave their hometown during the War on Iraq.
A. three thousands
B.thousand of
C. thousands of
D. several thousands
15. We all think that the _______ century will bring us mo re hopes. A. twenty-first B. twentieth-first C.twenty -one D.twentieth-one16. ---Can you write the number eighty -five thousand, six hundred and twenty-six? ---Yes, it is __________.
A. 856620
B. 85626
C. 58662
D. 58626
17. When was the PRC founded? It was founded on _________.
A. July 1, 1921
B. October 1, 1949
C. August 1, 1927 D . May 1, 192218.I was 8 years old when my father was 31. This year my father is tw ice my age. How old am I?
A. 21
B. 22
C. 23
D. 24
19. _______ Chinese are looking for ways to learn English w ell before Beijing 2008 Olympics.
A. Thousand
B. Thousands
C. Thousand of
D. Thousands of
20. Both of the two rulers are broken. I want to buy a _
______one. A. three B. third C. forth D. /
1.A
2.A
3.D
4.C
5.C
6.A
7.D
8.D
9.A 10.A
11.D 12.B 13.C 14.C 15.A 16.B 17.B 18.C 19.
D 20.B
（3）
专题三：代词
He teaches _____(we) Chinese . / I’m waiting for you.(介词的宾语) / It’s me.(宾格做表语)
2.三种人称代词并列充当主语时时,顺序为:
单数:（二,三,一）——（You, she and I ）复数:（一,二,三）——(we , you and they ) 注：:若把责任担,第一人称最当先,(即若做错事时,把第一人称放在最前面.)
eg：She and I have been to Beijing .（一般情况）Who broke the window ? I and Mike .（承担责任）
注：it 还有一些特别的用法。
1) 用在句型: “It seems that …”中.“看起来像。….”
2）用作形式主语,常用于“It’s +adj +to do sth”句型中.“做什么事情怎么样”. QQ378459309制作
3) 用在句型: “It’s one’s turn to do sth”中.“轮到某人做sth”
4) 用在句型: “It’s time to do sth / for sth”中.“到了该做sth的时候”5) 用在句型: “It’s +adj +that 从句”中.
6) 用作形式宾语, 用来代替动词不定式.
主语+make /think /feel/find + it + adj (名词)+ to do sth . I find it difficult to remember these wors.
eg: My name is Tom.( 物主代词)
2、名词性物主代词，后面不能加名词,名词性物主代词常与of 连用
He is a friend of mine(我的一个朋友) eg：Our classroom is as big as ______(they) . / This is a friend of ______(my).
注: 1) 名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+ 名词(上题中mine=my friends)
2)形容词性物主代词与own 连用时,后面可跟名词也可不跟名词. My own house = a house of my own
反身代词的常用搭配:
enjoy oneself过得愉快hurt oneself受伤teach oneself = learn..by oneslf自学
help oneself to …随便吃/用look after oneself leave sb by oneself 让某人独自留下dress oneself某人自己穿衣服improve oneself提高某人自己
四.指示代词
1、指示代词的用法： (1)this /these ①指较近的事和人: This is my pen. / These
are my books. ②指下文提到的事eg ：Please remember this:No pains,no gains.
(2) that /thos e ①指较远的事和人: That is her sister. / Those are her sisters. ②指上面刚提到的事情eg ：He was ill.That ’s why he didn ’t go to school.
2. 注意 that / those 常用来代替前面出现的人或物,以避免重复. That 代替可数名词的单数或不可数名词. Those 代替复数名词. The weather in Guangdong is hotter than _____ in
Qinghai . The books in that shop are cheaper than ___in this shop. A.this B.that C.one D.those （1） 3.在电话用语中,this 代替自己,而that 代替对方. eg ：This is Tom speaking . 我是汤姆 Who is that ?你是谁？ 五、疑问代词：(P93考点五)用来提出问题的代词称为疑问代词，通常位于句首，引出特殊
疑问句。
如：who 作主语，表语，宾语但不能放介词后Who wants to go with me?
whom who 的宾格形式，作宾语To whom are you talking? whose who 这是谁的钱包？ what 可询问职业What ’s your father? He is a teacher. who 可询问身份和姓名Who is the boy in red? He is Jim. what 指不定数目中的那一个。“什么，哪一些，”无范围What would you like? which “ 哪一个”指在一定范围内特指的人或物Which bike is yours? 哪辆自行车是你的
六.不定代词的区别.
1.one 与it 的区别: One 代替同类事物中的一种. 而it 代替上文中出现的某事物. This book is a good one . May I borrow it ?
2.some 与any 的区别①一般情况下,some 用于肯定句,any 用于否定,疑问句, He asked me for some paper , but I didn ’t have any . ②但在疑问句中，若要表示说话人希望得到肯定的回答或表示请求、建议时应用some 。此
类句型常以could, would 开头或的句中。 May I have some water ?( 希望得到肯定的回答)
Many+可数名词的复数 ；Much+不可数名词，都相当于 a lot of +复数名词/不可数名词 注:a lot of 常不用于否定句中. 否定句中用many /much . 4.a few /few /a little /little 的区别 例题：His story is easy to read ，there are _____ new words in it . Hurry up ! There is _____ time left . 5.each / every 的区别 ★each 强调个体，表示两者或两者以上的人或物中的每一个. every 强调整体，表示三者或三者以上的人或物中的每一个.
There are trees and frowers on _____ side of the street . / ____ student has read a story . ★:each 可以与of 连用, each of 作主语时,谓语动词用单数.
而every 不能与of 连用.6. no one 与none 的区别 no one 指人，表示没有人, 不能与of 连用， 谓语常用单数。 none of +复数名词/ 代词，作主语时，既指人又可指物，谓语常用单数。. The boys were all tired , but _____ of them stopped to have a rest . . 更多资料QQ378459309制作：
7.both /neither /either /all / none / any 的区别
There are many trees on ____ side of the river . A. both B.any C.either D.all 注意:
1). both 的否定词是neither , all 的否定词是none. 2).both of 作主语时,谓语动词用复数； neither of 作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. Neither of the answers ______(be) right . Both of my parents _______(be) workers. 3).词组 A) both …and …连接两个主语时,谓语动词用复数. 同义词组: not only …but also … 反义词组: neither … nor … Not only you but also she likes watching TV.= ____ you _____ she like watching TV . B) either …or … 或者……或者…… , neither …nor … 既不……也不…… 连接两个主语时,谓语动词实行就近原则.
（2） Neither you nor he ______ (be ) right . One of Lily and Lucy is going to the park. = _____ Lily _____Lucy _____ going to the park. C) either 也可用于否定句中的 “也” He doesn ’t like the book,either. 4) how many /how much 的回答:用none 回答. Who 的回答:用no one 回答. ； What 的回答: 用nothing 回答. How many students are there in the classroom ? __________. Who can answer the question ? _______. A. None B.No one C.Nothing 8.other /the other /others /the others 的区别 注释: 1) one …the other …表示两者之间的一个…另一个2) some … others … 表示一些…… 另一些…… 3) another 表示三者及三者以上的不确定数目中的另一
个. 只能修饰可数名词的单
数.
★ another +数字+ 复数名词= 数字+ more +复数名词
表示 “ 另外几个……”another ten teachers=ten more teachers
I have two brothers , one is a teacher , ______ is a worker . Some are cleaning the classroom , ______ are sweeping the window 9.复合不定代词.
注: 1.复合不定代词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. eg;Everything is ready. 2.else 须放在复合不定代词后。： I want to give you something different to eat.. / something else （其它的东西） 3.动词不定式修饰不定代词时, 动词不定式放在不定代词之后. Would you like something to eat? 4.复合不定代词用于反义疑问句中
, 1)指人的不定代词, everybody,nobody,anyone, 其反义疑问句中的主语用he 或they . Everybody is here,aren ’t they? 2)指物的不定代词, everything ,something,nothing 等 其反义疑问句中的主语用 it . Everything ______(begin ) to grow in spring , _______ _______ ? 5.any ,anything ,anyone, anyboby 也可用于肯定句中,表示 “任何……/任何物/任何人” Every one of us has seen the film . Everyone should do their best .
初中英语语法专项习题5-代词
1
( ) 1 Though it rained heavily, ____ were still playing on the playground.
A. they
B. them
C. their
D. themselves
( ) 2 Tom and ____ will go to see our teacher, for ___ is ill.
A. I; she.
B. me; she
C. I; her
D. me; her
( ) 3 Is___a boy or girl?
A. she
B. he
C. one
D. it
( ) 4 Only____know it.
A. I and he
B. he and you
C. he and I
D. I and you
（1）
2
( ) 1 I saw___ playing in the street at that time.
A. them
B. they
C. their
D. theirs
2 Jim will give____ a short talk tomorrow.
A. we
B. us
C. our
D. ours
( ) 3 Please ask____ not to skate on the thin ice.
A. they
B. them
C. their
D. theirs
( ) 4 The pen is hers. Pass it to____, please.
A. her
B. she
C. hers
D. herself
( ) 5 Let me go and give the coat to____.
A. he
B. his
C. himself
D. him
( ) 6 They asked___ to do the work.
A. you, he and I
B. you, him and me
C. I, you and he
D. me, you and him
3
( ) 1 Who's that at the door? ____ is the postman.
A. She
B. This
C. It
D. He
( ) 2 -Who's that in the picture?
A. It's me
B. That's I
C. This is a boy
D. It's I
( ) 3 -Look, who is coming?
-___ must be our English teacher.
A. She
B. He
C. It
D. This
( ) 4 Someone is knocking at the door, but who can____ be?
A. one
B. he
C. she
D. it
4
( ) 1 ___ was late summer and the weather was very hot.
A. That
B. It
C. This
D. It's
( ) 2 What time is ____ now?
A it B. all C. this D: that
( ) 3 ___ a heavy rain last night.
A. There had
B. We had
C. It was
D. There is
( ) 4 ___ is 200 kilometres from here to the natural park. We have to go there by car.
A. There
B. It
C. This
D. The place
5
( ) 1 The bird built___ nest in the tree.
A. it's
B. her's
C. hers
D. its
( ) 2 Have you seen___pen, a black one?
A. these
B. my
C. you
D. hers
3 Sorry I have forgot ____ telephone number.
A. yours
B. him
C. you
D. his
6
( ) I The bear was shot in___ head. ? A. the B. its C. a D. this
( ) 2 The old man took the girl by ____ hand and they went down the street.
A. her
B. a
C. the
D. that
（2）
( ) 3 He apologized to me for hitting me___ face.
A. on the
B. at the
C. in the
D. in my
7
( ) T Our room is big, but____ is bigger than____.
A. their; our
B. their; ours
C. theirs; ours
D. theirs; our
( ) 2 They aren't our books. Are they____?
A. your
B. his
C. her
D. their
( ) 3 Our room is bigger than ___.
A. you
B. your
C. yours
D. her
( ) 4 You have a good room, I should say. But it's not as big as___.
A. I
B. my
C. me
D. mine
8
( ) 1 ____ is the best season of the year?
A. When
B. What
C. Which
D. What time
( ) 2 o-____ is your sister?
-She is a nurse.
A. What
B. Which
C. How
D. Who
( ) 3 -___ colour are your new shoes?
-They are brown.
A. Any
B. Whose
C. Which
D. What
( ) 4 -___ is your classmate John like?
-He's very tall.
A. How
B. What
C. Who
D. Which
9
( ) 1 ____ has happened and ____ did it?
A. Who; who
B. What; who
C. What; what
D. Who; what
( ) 2 Who waiting outside? Please ask them to come in.
A. in
B. has
C. have
D. are
10
( ) 1 -_____ is that man over there?
-He's Mr Green.
A. What
B. Which
C. How
D. Who
( ) 2 -___ is the boy standing there?
-He is my brother.
A. Which
B. What
C. How
D. Who
( ) 3 Who ___ the little American boy over there?
A. were
B. are
C. is
D.1 am
( )4 Who___these tall men?
A. is
B. am
C. are
D. was
11
( ) 1 ____ one do you like, the blue one or the red one?
A. What
B. Which
C. That
D. This
（3）
( ) 2 -___ is bigger?
-The yellow one.
A. who
B. whom
C. which
D. It
( ) 3 ___ of you would like to go with us?
A. Who
B. Which
C. All
D. Both
12
( ) 1 -_____ bag is this?
-It's Jack's, A. What B. Which C. Whose D. Who's
( ) 2 -___ pencils are these?
-They are theirs.
A. Which
B. Whose
C. /
D. These
( ) 3 ___ house is being repaired?
A. hat
B. Where
C. Who
D. Whose
13
( ) 1 Please find out ____ he is looking after at home.
A. who
B. which
C. whom
D. when
( ) 2 ____ do you think you should help?
A. Whose
B. Which
C. What
D. Whom
( ) 3 He told me ___ he was sent for.
A. whom
B. that
C. both
D. where
14
( ) 1 We ____ at the party last Sunday.
A. enjoyed myself
B. enjoyed ourselves
C. enjoy myself
D. enjoyed ourself
( ) 2 "Make____at home." he said to his friends.
A. yourself
B. yourselves
C. you
D. yours
( ) 3 Let Tony do it by____. He is no longer a kid
A. him
B. his
C. himself
D. he
( ) 4 You are twelve now. ___ must look after___.
A. You; yourself
B. Your; yourself
C. You; your
D. You're; yourself
5 She and her mother enjoyed ___ at the party.
A. her
B. them
C. herself
D. themselves
15
( ) 1 He and she are exactly as tall as____.
A. themselves
B. them
C. their
D. each other
( ) 2 People usually put small presents in ____ stocking on Christmas Eve.
A. each other
B. each others
C. each other's
D. each others'
( ) 3 The students often help___.
A. one the other
B. each the other
C. one another
D. two another
16
( )1.This blue suit looks better than the green ____.
A. /
B. one
C. suits
D. ones
（4）
( ) 2 -How many apples did your mother give you, Lucy or Lily?
A. Each one
B. One each
C. One everyone
D. One more
( ) 3 -Have you a computer?
-Yes, I have a good____.
A. some
B. one
C. it
D. that
( ) 4 He has one blue pen and two red____.
A. one's
B. those
C. one
D. ones
( ) 5 Is this story as interesting as__
A. the one
B. some ones
C. that one
D. one
17
( ) 1 -I'll show you how to throw a frisby. Throw ____ like ____
A. it; this
B. this; it
C. it; it
D. this; this
( ) 2 -What colour is this?
A. it's a red
B. This is red
C. It's red
D. It's a red colour
( ) 3 There is a pen on the table. Pass ____ to me,, please.
A. this
B. that
C. it.
D. which
18
( ) 1.There are shops on _____ side of the street.________ of them do not close till 12 at night.
A. both; All
B. every; None
C. either; Some
D. other; Many
( ) 2 The boy runs faster than_______ in his class.,
A. any of the boy
B. any boys
C. any other boy
D. all the boys
( ) 3 Tom is stronger than ___ in his class.
A. any students
B. other student
C. any other student
D. any other students
( ) 4 There is not ___ meat in my bowl. There is ____ chicken in it.
A. some; any
B. any; some
C. any; any
D. some; some
( ) 5 -I have forgotten my bread.
-Never mind, you can have____.
A. some of us
B. some of our
C. some of ours
D. many of ours
( ) 6 -Is there ___ tea in' that green cup?
-Yes, there is____.
A. the; some
B. any; any
C. some; any
D. any; some
19
( ) 1 Could you do___for me, please?
A. everything
B. nothing
C. something
D. anything
( ) 2 The bottle is empty. There is___ in it.
A. anything
B. something
C. nothing
D. everything
( ) 3 -Turn off the TV, Betty. ____ is watching it.
-Oh, no. Mum. I'm watching it now.
A. somebody
B. Nobody
C. Everybody
D. Anybody
( ) 4 -Did you find ___ in the room?
-No, we found ___ there.
A. anybody; nobody
B. somebody; everybody
C. anybody; somebody
D. everybody; anybody
（5）
( ) 5 I have a lot of work to do. 1 have___ time to play.
A. not
B. any
C. no
D. some
( ) 6 As we know, he is___fool.
A. not
B. no a
C. not an
D. no
20
( ) 1 I asked him for some oil, but he hadn't ___.
A. some
B. any
C. anything
D. no
( ) 2 ___ of the four roads will take you to the hospital.
A. Neither
B. Either
C. Both
D. Any
( ) 3 Would you lend me of your money? "
A. some
B. lot
C. a few
D. any
( ) 4 Would you like___more coffee?
A. little
B. any
C. some
D. another
5 -Have you any books on radio?
-I'd like to borrow ___.
A. those
B. some
C. them
D. it
21
( ) 1 Listen to me. I have____ to tell you.
A. anything new
B. something new
C. new something
D. nothing new ( ) 2 By the way, is there in today's newspaper?
A. something new o
B. anything new
C. new something
D. new anything ( ) 3 Please be quiet. I have___ to tell you.
A. important something
B. nothing important
C. important anything
D. something important
( ) 4 I'm not busy. I haven't ____ to do.
A. something
B. everything
C. nothing
D. anything
( ) 5 ____ has happened, I want you to tell me about it.
A. Something
B. Everything
C. Anything
D. Nothing
22
( ) 1 Yesterday morning ___ boy broke into the garden.
A. any
B. some
C. many
D. much
( ) 2 ___ twenty boys were playing football at that time yesterday.
A. Each
B. Some
C. No one
D. Neither
( ) 3 Now I have ______ questions. Let's go to ask our teacher.
A. any
B. much
C. some
D. a lot
23
( ) 1 If you like these apples, you can take_____.
A. any
B. a lot
C. that .
D. this
( ) 2 I will do____for my motherland.
A. anything
B. many
C. much
D. something
( ) 3 -Did they find ___ in the park?
-No, they found____there.
A. anybody; nobody
B. somebody; everybody
C. anybody; somebody
D. everybody; anybody
（6）
24
( ) 1 I don't know_____ of these people, for they are new workers.
A. any
B. some
C. one
D. much
( ) 2 He didn't take ___ one. They are all here.
A. many
B. any
C. a little
D. that
( ) 3 1 haven't read____ of the books.
A few of the books are too difficult for me to read. A. any B. some C. two D. both
25
( ) 1 Can I have___bottle of orange, please?
A. another
B. other
C. others
D. the others
( ) 2 There are forty-four students in Class One. Nineteen of them are boys,___ are girls.
A. the other
B. the others
C. others
D. some others
( ) 3 Mr Smith has two sons. ____ is a soldier, ___ is a doctor.
A. One; another
B. One; other
C. This; the other
D. One; the other
( ) 4 There are many people in the park now. Some are boating. ____ are walking along the lake.
A. the other
B. other
C. the others
D. others
( ) 5 The glass is broken. Go and get____ .
A. other
B. another one
C. .others
D. the other
( ) 6 I borrowed two books. ____ is in English, and____ is in Chinese.
A. It; another
B. One; another
C. The one; another
D. One; the other
26
( ) 1 _____ of them has an English dictionary.
A. Every
B. All
C. Both
D. Each
( ) 2 There are lots of English books here, and ____ of them is easy to understand.
A. both
B. all .
C. every
D. each
( ) 3 I didn't know that you___would___there.
A. be; all
B. all; be
C. are; all D: all; are
( ) 4 -Are these two books interesting?
-Yes, ____ of them are interesting.
A. both
B. all
C. either
D. neither
27
( ) 1 He couldn't make himself understood because ___ of us knew what he said.
A. none
B. no
C. nobody
D. not
( ) 2 I didn't like the cross talk. ____ of the actors was funny.
A. Both
B. All
C. Neither
D. Either
( ) 3 _____ of them is good at singing.
A. Both
B. All
C. No one
D. Neither
( ) 4 -Which would you like, a cup of tea or a glass of milk?
-____, thanks. I think I'll just have a glass of water.
A. None
B. Neither
C. Both
D. Either
( ) 5 -How many monkeys did you see in the zoo?
A. Never
B. None
C. No one
D. Nothing
（7）
28
( ) 1 We should speak English as___ as possible.
A. many
B. much
C. few
D. lot
( ) 2 It's going to be a busy day today. I have____ work to do.
A. a hard
B. a lot
C. many
D. much
( ) 3 The boy has eaten two bananas already, but he wanted___.
A. a few more
B. few more
C. a little more
D. little more
( ) 4 Do you eat ____ fruit and vegetables?
A. many
B. more
C. a lot
D. a lot of
29
( ) 1 I didn't get any letters yesterday, but there were____ this morning.
A. a little
B. few
C. little
D. a few
( ) 2 The film isn't interesting. ___ people like it.
A. Few
B. A little
C. A few
D. Little
( ) 3 She can speak ___ English now.
A. a little
B. a few
C. many
D. few
( ) 4 Hurry up! There is____ time left.
A. few
B. a few
C. little
D. a little
( ) 5 Sorry, I can't answer your question. I know____ about the subject.
A. a little
B. little
C. few
D. a few
30
( ) 1 The man missed the bus. ____ is why he was late for the meeting.
A. It
B. That
C. This
D. All
( ) 2 He has to stay at home. ___ he has a bad cold.
A. This is because
B. That's why
C. So is it
D. The reason is
( ) 3 -How many books are there on the table?
-Only four.
A. This is all right
B. That's all right
C. That's right
D. It is all right
参考答案：
1. 1-4 A A D D
2. 1-6 A B B A D B
3. 1-4 D A D D
4. 1-4 B A B B
5. 1-3 D B D
6. 1-3 A D D
7. 1-4 D B D D
8. 1-4 D A D B
9. 1-2 B D 10. 1-4 D D D D 11. 1-3 B D B 12. 1-3 B D D 13. 1-3 D D A 14. 1-5 B B D A D 15. 1-3 D D D 16. 1-5 B B B D D 17. 1-3 A D D 18. 1-6 D D D B D D 19. 1-6 D D B A D D
20. 1-5 B D A D B 21. 1-5 B B D D A 22. 1-3 B B D 23. 1-3 A A A 24. 1-3 B B B 25. 1-6 A B D D B D 26. 1-4 D D B A
27. 1-5 A D D B B 28. 1-4 B D A D 29. 1-5 D A A D B 30. 1-3 B A D
（8）
专题四形容词与副词
一. 形容词：形容词主要用来修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的
。形容词在句中可用作表语、定语、补语等。
1
作定语，放在名词前，something, anything, nothing, everything等复合不定代词之后；形容修饰疑问代词时，也须放在其后。如：It’s a cold and windy day. Would you like something hot to drink?
What else can you see? 你还能看见其它什么东西？
2．作表语，放在系动词之后。常见的系动词有be, become, get(变), turn(变), feel, look(看起来), seem, smell, sound, taste。如：He looks happy today. Silk feels soft. 绸子摸起来很软。Milk is able to turn bad easily in summer.
3．
★We are making our country strong.
4.
如：a big yellow Chinese wooden ship(一个黄色的大型中国木船)
★前置形容词（作定语）的顺序为：
限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老；颜色国籍跟材料，作用类别往后靠；
①―限定词‖包括：冠词、物主代词、指示代词、或数词等。
②表观点的―描绘‖性形容词如：beautiful、bad、interesting、great等。
③―大长高‖表示大小、长短、高低等一些词big,small, ,short, tall
④表示―形状‖的词如：round, square等。
⑤年龄，新旧，颜色的形容词young，old，new，white，red等
⑥―国籍‖指一个国家或地区的词。Chinese，rural（乡村的）
⑦―材料‖的词如：wooden, woolen, stone,silk等。
⑧―作用类别‖的词如：medical, college，writing desk，police car等。
两个圆形的蓝色日本塑料盘
5、有关形容词的用法辨析：
⑴whole与all：记住两个词序：
①the whole + 名词；如：He was busy the whole morning.(整个早晨他都很忙)
②all (of) the + 名词。He can remember all the words he learns.
⑵tall与high, short与low：
①指人的个子（树、楼）时用tall与short；如：He’s very tall/short.(他个子高/矮)
Tall trees are standing on both sides of that avenue.
（含价格price时）一般用high与low。A few people live on high mountains.
⑶real与true：
①real一般指东西的真假,译为―真的‖ This is a real diamond and it’s very expensiv e.
②true指事情或消息的可靠性―真实的‖--Is that true?—Yes. I heard it with my own ears.
⑷interested与interesting的区别：
①interesting指人或东西―有趣的
．．．．．．, 如：The man is very interesting and
．．．‖,作定语或表语
all the children like him. / This book is interesting and you can really enjoy yourself.
②interested则表示人对别的事物―感兴趣的
．．．．．I am interested in science.
．．．．‖,只能作表语
（excited/exciting; bored/boring等类似）
（5）nice与fine：的区别：nice表示令人愉快的,可以指东西、人物外表等；
2014中考英语语法知识点总结：动词 一定要记牢动词的现在分词，过去式，过去分词。比如：catch 的过去式和过去分词(caught，caught) 你可能就不知道吧?痛下决心，好好记一记吧。先讲系动词。 系动词：大概是最简单的动词了。你只需注意的是系动词除了be的形式之外，还有become，get，grow，turn，sound，look，smell，taste等，它们不能单独作谓语,必须和作表语的词语(如形容词, 名词等) 连用, 所以用的时候，可要小心为是呀!如：It smells delicious.(它闻起来味道很美)。delicious 是形容词，不是副词。 情态动词：首先要记住情态动词后必跟动词原形。 must的意思是"应当，必须"，侧重于说话者的主观看法，没有时态变化，其否定式是mustn't，在"Must I(we) ...."的疑问句中，须注意的是其否定回答常用needn't。如：Must I go?(我一定要走吗?) No,you needn't.(不，不必。) need意为"需要"。既可作实义动词，又可作情态动词，因此在用法上需要注意。作实义动词时，need后跟名词，动名词，或不定式。如：I need to go. (我得走了。) 作情态动词时，后跟动词原形。如：You needn't come tomorrow if you are busy. (如果你忙，明天就不必来了。) 实意动词：我们跑(run)，我们跳(jump)，我们笑(laugh)，这些都得用实意动词来表达。我们一起来看一看一些特殊的词吧。它们在接动名词和不定式时意义有所不同。 stop：这个词让好多同学大伤了一番脑筋，到底什么时候加to do，什么时候加 doing 呢?两者意义又有什么不同呢?OK, Come with me. 看下面两个句子。 When the teacher came in, they stopped to read. When the teacher came in, they stopped talking. 第一句的意思是"当老师进来时，他们停下来开始读书"。而第二句的意思是 "老师进来时，他们停止了说话"。所以stop to do sth表示"停止正在做的事情去干另一件事"。而stop doing表示"中断正在做的某事"。 forget，remember，regret 这三个词用法基本相同，只要记住+doing 表示"事情已经做过"，+to do表示"事情还未做"就可以了。
中考英语语法专项练习题及答案中考英语专项练习之主谓一致及直接引语和间接引语 主谓一致 英语中句子的主语要与其后的谓语保持一致，即“主谓一致”。一般遵循三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。 【练习导航】 Ⅰ. 用适当的be动词或助动词填空。 1. Every student _______ got a book. 2. The number of students in the school _______ now rising. 3. A number of boys _______ playing basketball at the moment. 4. There _______ something else in the desk. 5. Tom, together with his mother, _______ gone to New York. 6. The teacher with two students _______ playing sports. 7. This pair of trousers _______ made by my aunt last year. 8. Five months _______ a long time to wait. 9. Here _______ some books. 10. To clean the room _______ your duty. Ⅱ. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。 11. When I got there, they each _______ (read) a book. 12. Neither of us _______ (like) the storybook. 13. Everyone except me _______ (go) to the cinema yesterday. 14. A football team often _______ (have) eleven players. 15. No one but my parents _______ (know) the truth. 16. Jim’s family _______ (enjoy) watching TV after supper. 17. What you said _______ (be) quite useful to us. 18. Look! The class _______ (do) morning exercise on the playground. 19. Twenty years _______ (have) passed since he left his hometown. 20. Three glasses of milk _______ (be) enough for us. Ⅲ. 单项选择 ( )21. Either Tom or I ______ going there tomorrow. A. are B. is C. am D. be ( )22. Jenny as well as her friends ______ swimming. A. are going B. has gone C. were going D. have gone ( )23. No one ______ swimming in such bad weather. A. like B. likes C. liking D. liked ( )24. —What ______ the number of the students in your school? —About two thousand. A number of them ______ from the USA.
马上就要中考了，祝大家中考都考上一个理想的高中！欢迎同学们下载，希望能帮助到你们！ 2020最新中考英语语法知识点汇总
一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see .
6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、 程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、 状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通 常用名词或代词担任。如：I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小 姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词 担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打 扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者 “怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由
中考英语语法总复习 Ⅰ词类。 词类英语名称意义例词 名词The Noun (缩写为n) 表示人或事物的名称Basket, mouth, hospital, year, train 冠词The Article (art) 用在名词前帮助说明名词所指的人或事物a, an, the 代词The Pronoun (pron) 用来代替名词、形容词或数词They, his, him, mine, which, all 形容词The Adjective (adj) 用以修饰名词，表示人或事物的特征Long, empty, heavy, different, cheap, hungry 数词The Numeral (num) 表示数量或顺序Three, thirteen, twenty, second 动词The Verb (v) 表示动作或状态Hear, write, swim, eat, borrow, sing 副词The Adverb (adv) 修饰动词、形容词或其他副词Quickly, early, out, soon, then, sometimes 介词The Preposition (prep) 表示名词、代词等和句中其他词的关系From, with, at, into, behind, between, for 连词The Conjunction (conj) 用来连接词与词、短语与短语或句与句And, or, but, so, because 感叹词The Interjection (interj) 表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感Oh, hey, ouch, well, there, dear （一）名词： 专有名词：表示人名、月份、日期、地名等。如China, John, London, the USA, Harbin . 个体名词：表示单个的人或事物。如boat, chair, desk, apple . 集体名词：表示一群人或一些事物的总称。如family, people, class, police . 可数名词 普通名词物质名词：表示无法分为个体的物质。如water, air, tea, sea, money, cotton . 抽象名词：表示抽象概念的词。如health, help, work, friendship . 不可数名词 2．名词的数。可数名词有单复数，不可数名词没有单复数。X| k |B| 1 . c|O |m 3．名词的格：名词有三个格：主格（作主语）、宾格（作宾语）、和所有格。其中只有名词的所有格有形式变化。 （二）冠词 1．定冠词－the . ○1 特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。The students are very good. ○2 说话人与听话人都知道的人或事物。Where is the toilet ? ○3 重复提到上文的人或事物。I have a cat , the cat is white and black . ○4 表示世界上独一无二的事物。The moon moves around the earth . ○5 形容词最高级和序数词前和表示方位的名词前。I am the oldest . He is the first to school . I live in the south . ○6 乐器的名称前常用定冠词－the 。I like playing the piano / violin . ○7 和某些形容词连用，使形容词名词化，代表某一类人。We should help the poor . ○8 放在某些专有名词前。We will go to visit the Great Wall next week . the people’s Republic of China . ○9 放在姓氏的复数形式前，表示全家人或夫妇两人。The Whites are watching
2020中考英语精华知识点全汇总！ 一．英语语法重点与难点 1、as…as…结构： You’re a boy as good as Tom.=You’re as good a boy as Tom. 你和汤姆是一样好的孩子。 2、 (1)too…to与so…that sb. can’t…的句型转换：前者为简单句，主语只有一个，而后者为复合句，主语有两个，试比较： The man was too angry to be able to speak. The man was so angry that he wasn’t able to speak. (2) too…to…与not enough to句型的转换： He is too young to get married.=He is not old enough to get married. The book is too difficult for me to read.= The book is not easy enough for me to read. 3、形容词原级表示比较级含义：
约翰不象迈克那么笨。 John is not so stupid as Mike. John is less stupid than Mike. John is cleverer than Mike. 4、用比较级表示最高级：约翰是班里最高的男生。 John is taller than any other boy in the class. John is the tallest boy in the class. 5、the more….. the more….表示“越……越……”: The more books you read, the wider your knowledge is. The more food you eat, the fatter you are. 6、 more and more….表示“越来……越……”: More and more students realized the importance of a foreign language. Our country is getting stronger and stronger. 二．中考考点—词组
中考英语语法专题详解三 介词、连词 一. 介词 1. 介词概述：介词表示它与后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。介词是虚词，不能单独做句子成分。介词在英语中用法很活，也无一定规律可循。在初中范围内还应学一个记住一个，特别是那些和动词的特殊搭配。 2. 常用介词的意义和用法。 ⑴时间或地点介词in、on、at的用法区别： 表示时间时, in表示在一段时间里(在将来时句子中则表示在一段时间之后), on表示在具体的某一天或者某天的上下午等, at表示在某个时刻或者瞬间; 表示地点时, in表示在某个范围之内, on表示在某个平面上或与一个面相接触,at则表示在某个具体的场所或地点。如： He was born on the night of May 10th. I usually get up at 7：00 in the morning. His glasses are on the desk. My brother is at the bus stop. ⑵after与in表示时间的用法区别：“after+(具体时刻/从句)”表示“在…时刻之后”常用于一般过去时态;“in+(一段时间)”表示“在(多久)之后”,常用于将来时态。如：He said that he would come back after 6：00. My father is coming back from Astralia in about a month. ⑶since与for表示时间的用法区别：“since+(具体时刻/that-从句)”表示“自从…起一直到现在”,“for +(一段时间)”表示“持续一段时间”,都常用于完成时态;如：
一、选择题 1．My cousin Mary was born ＿＿＿ a singing voice. A．from B．in C．with 2．It is reported that he won an award________Best Actor________his role in that film. A．as; in B．as; for C．for;for D．for; in 3．—There is a hole in the wall. What is it for? —We have a dog. He can get in or out ________ it. A．past B．through C．across D．over 4．The old man arrived _________ the village _______ a rainy night. A．at; on B．on; at C．in; at D．on; in 5．I bought the tomatoes ________ the vegetable stall. A．at B．in C．on D．from 6．The girl often goes to the park many beautiful flowers. A．with B．have C．has D．in 7．—What do you think of happiness, Zoe? —I think happiness is a way station too much and too little. A．among B．between C．opposite D．beyond 8．The elephant is the only animal__________a trunk- a special long nose. A．For B．with C．to 9．Jiangsu Development Summit was open _____ May 20th in Nanjing. A．on B．in C．at D．by 10．—What's the secret good health? —Eating healthy food and taking enough exercise. A．in B．to C．on 11．It’s necessary for Tony to do ____ thing ____ his classmates do. A．same, as B．same, like C．the same, to D．the same, as 12．—I feel sad from time to time.Could you give me some advice? —________ sharing your worries with your parents? A．Why don't you B．How about C．Why not D．Would you like 13．---What’s your hobby ? ---______collecting balls, I also like different kinds of CDs. A．Besides B．Except C．Beside D．About 14．Can you jiaozi English? A．say;with B．speak;in C．say;in D．tell;about 15．My best friend is now________China, so I want to go________China, too. A．in；on B．on；to C．of；for D．in；to 16．Jim and Tim are talking _______ the phone. A．at B．on C．with D．in
第二篇句法 一、主要句式 (一) 知识概要 初中所学的句型一般要分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。陈述句中有肯定句与否定句之分。其中可以分为以下五种：① 主语+不及物动词。如：I arrived at six last night.② 主语+及物动词+宾语，如：I bought a good English Chinese Dictionary yesterday.③ 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语，如：Please tell me a story before I go to bed. 这样可加双宾语的句子有buy,tell, give, ask, pass, teach.④ 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语，如：I found it impossible to do it. Please keep the classroom clean and tidy.⑤ 主语+系动词+表语，如：Tom is an American boy. The grass turned green in spring.在初中常见的句型中有There be…句型，表示存在某种事物，如：There is a map on the wall其be动词的形式要与其后面相近的那个名词相一致。要注意的是这种句型加入助动词后，也要保持be动词，不要换用have,如：There is going to be a meeting tomorrow.在句子结构中要注意主谓一致的问题，即句子的主语与谓语动词要相呼应。要注意的有如下几点：① 用and连接两个主语时一般应视为复数，但如一人身兼两职时则要用单数谓语动词形式，如：A singer and dancer is coming to our party. a singer and dancer 既歌唱又可舞的演员。而 a singer and a dancer 则要译为：一位歌唱家和一位舞蹈家。②有些以 s 结尾的名词谓语动词要用单数，如： The news is good (news 为不可数名词)。③ 有量词时应按量词的数量计算；如： This pair of glasses is good My glasses are broken. ④有些形单却意为复数的名词，如： People are coming here这样的词还有 Police，如果要讲一个警察时，应讲 a policeman。两个警察为 two policemen。又如 a policewoman, two policewomen⑤所有不定代词 each， either， neither， one， the other， nobody， nothing， anyone， anything，someone，something … 要作为单数如： Someone is waiting for you在并列句中表示联合关系的连词有：and not only … but also，ne ither … nor，either … or如: My sister and my parents are going to the cinema。表示转折关系的并列连词有： but 和 yet，如： She is a good student, but she didn't pass the final exam. 又如： I think the news is strange, yet it is true表示选择关系的连词有：or，either … or，如： Hurry up, or you will be late for school表示因果关系的并列连词有： for， so 如： They studied very hard， so they all passed the exam 在初中范围复合句中主要有状语从句和宾语从句(名词性从句)两种，而定语从句(形容词性从句)要在高中讲述，为了使同学阅读文章方便，我们将在下面另一章予以介绍。我们首先来看宾语从句。①在及物动词的后面可以接一个名词来充当宾语，如： I knew the man, 而这时也可以用一个句子来充当宾语，如：I knew that he was a good man这时宾语从句的连接词有 that, (that 只在从句中起联接作用，不
．代词： I. 代词可以分为以下七大类： II. 1. one, some与any: 1) one可以泛指任何人，也可特指，复数为ones。some多用于肯定句，any多用于疑问句和否定句。 One should learn to think of others. Have you any bookmarks? No, I don’t have any bookmarks. I have some questions to ask. 2) some可用于疑问句中，表示盼望得到肯定的答复，或者表示建议，请求等。 Would you like some bananas? Could you give me some money? 3) some 和any修饰可数名词单数时，some表示某个，any表示任何一个。 I have read this article in some magazine. Please correct the mistakes, if any. 4) some和数词连用表示“大约”，any可与比较级连用表示程度。 There are some 3,000 students in this school. Do you feel any better today? 2. each和every: each强调个别，代表的数可以是两个或两个以上，而every强调整体，所指的数必须是三个或三个以上。 Each student has a pocket dictionary. / Each (of us) has a dictionary. / We each have a dictionary. Every student has strong and weak points. / Every one of us has strong and weak points. 3. none和no： no等于not any，作定语。none作主语或宾语，代替不可数名词，谓语用单数，代替可数名词，谓语单复数皆可以。 There is no water in the bottle. How much water is there in the bottle? None. None of the students are (is) afraid of difficulties. 4. other和another:
Ⅰ. 单项选择。 1. Miss Green didn’t tell us _______ in 2018. A. where does she live B. where she lives C. where did she live D. where she lived 2. Would you please tell me ________? A. when did he come home B. where he would play football C. if he had seen the film D. why he didn’t watch the game 3. I don’t know when __________. A. will the train leave B. the train will leave C. would the train leave D. the train leave 4.---We don’t know _____________. ---It is said that he was born in Sweden. A. what he is B. if he lives here C. where he comes from D. which country is he from 5. -What did you say just now? - I asked _____. A. that I could open the door B. could I open the door C. how could I open the door D. how I could open the door 6. - Guess _____ I did yesterday. - I think you went to a party. A. where B. when C. what D. which 7. - Can you tell me _____ your parents at home? - I often wash clothes and sweep the floor. A. how will you help B. how you help C. how you will help D. how do you help 8. Excuse me, but may I ask you ____? A. what business are you in B. what business you are in C. in what business are you D. are you in what business 9. - Can you see ____? - No. Let’s go and have a look. Maybe we can help them. A. what are they doing there B. what was happening there C. what is happening there D. what are they talking there
中考英语语法讲解资料及练习目录 第1讲：名词...................................................................................................1-3 第2讲：代词....................................................................................................3-5 第3讲：形容词.................................................................................................5-7 第4讲：副词....................................................................................................7-10 第5讲：动词..................................................................................................10-12 第6讲：不定式..............................................................................................12-13 第7讲介词....................................................................................................13-17 第8讲：连词..................................................................................................17-21 第9讲：时态(一) (22) 第10讲：时态(二).......................................................................................22-28 第11讲：被动语态........................................................................................28-30 第12讲：句子种类（一） (30) 第13讲：句子种类（二）............................................................................30-32 第14讲：宾语从句........................................................................................32-33 第15讲：状语从句........................................................................................33-35 第16讲：就近原则........................................................................................35-36
2017中考英语语法专题详解 一：名词 专题一名词 1. 名词的数 概述: 名词按其表示的事物的性质分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词及其单复数：可数名词有单复数变化，其前通常用不定冠词和数词来修饰，还可用many, few, a few, some, any, plenty of, lots of, a number of 等修饰。构成名词复数形式的方法分为规则法和不规则法两种。 复数的规则构成法：绝大多数英语中的名词复数都是在单数名词后加上词尾-s或-es构成的。具体规则如下图： 规则 例词 一般情况下加-s apple-apples, ruler-rulers 以s, x, ch，sh,结尾的加-es bus-buses, box-boxes, watch-watches, brush-brushes 以辅音字母加y结尾的，把y变成i再加-es city-cities, county-countries 以f或fe结尾的，把f或fe变成v,再加-es knife-knives, leaf-leaves 以o结尾的，有的词尾加-es，有的加-s
在初中英语范围内加-es的主要有以下4个：tomato-tomatoes， potato-potatoes Hero-heroes，Negro-Negroes 2) 复数的不规则构成法： a.单复同形的：Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese, deer-deer, sheep-sheep, fish-fish(表示鱼的数量) b. 熟记下列词的复数变化：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, mouse-mice, child-children c. 以man, woman做定语构成的复合名词，变复数时要全变：a man teacher-two men teachers; 其他情况一般只变主体名词而作定语的名词不变：a girl student-two girl students 3. 不可数名词：不可数名词没有单复数。如：water, meat, air等。在表示数量时，通常用以下方法。 1)用some, much, a little, little, a lot of, lots of, plenty of 等表示多少。 There is little milk at home. The old man has lots of money. 2) 若要表示不可数名词的数量，应用“数词+量词+of+名词”这种形式，若数字超过一，量词应用复数形式。如：a glass of water-two glasses of water, a piece of bread-two pieces of bread
一、选择题 1．—Let’s go to Wanda Movie Theater? It has a large screen. —But it is _____________ of all the cinemas in Jinan. A．expensive B．more expensive C．most expensive D．the most expensive 2．China is ________ country in the world. A．the third largest B．the largest third C．the third large D．a third largest 3．—How is your head teacher? —Our head teacher is _________ with us and we usually feel nervous in his lesson. A．kind B．pleased C．strict D．good 4．The population of China is ___________ than that of Russia. And this makes the traffic in China ___________. A．much larger, more crowded B．much more, more crowdedly C．much larger, more crowdedly D．much more, more crowded 5．I looked at a few printers, and among them the one from China was ________ to use. A．easy B．easier C．easiest D．the easiest 6．We are covering these ____________ girls’ wonderful performances ______ . A．lively; live B．lively; alive C．alive; live D．alive; living 7．I'm surprised that Jenny is 42. I thought she was , for she seems to be in her thirties. A．younger B．older C．young D．old 8．- I’m very tired these days because of this exam. - Why not listen to music? It can make you ______. A．relaxed B．sad C．scared D．bored 9．—Did you watch 2018 CCTV Spring Festival Evening Gala in Taian? —Certainly. That night the sky over Taian was as _______ as that in the day with the light. A．bright B．brightly C．brighter D．more brightly 10．—Good news! We will have a ________ holiday. —I’ve heard of it. But it’s coming in ________. A．three days; three days’ time B．three days’; three days’ C．three-day; three days D．three days; three-day time 11．Going for a drive sounds really _______. A．happy B．excited C．boring D．interested 12．Steven is always ready to help others. What a(n)______ boy! A．kind B．healthy C．honest D．clever 13．—Sonia, do you think you are different from Linda?
专题一名词 Ⅰ.名词的定义 名词是表示人、事物、现象和其他抽象概念的名称的词。名词可分为专有名词和普 名词。 专有名词是具体的人和事物等特有名称。专有名词的第一个字母要大写，人名、地名 公共节日及月份、周日的名称等等都是属于专有名词。（见资料） 如：Yao Ming 姚明； China 中国；Christmas 圣诞节等。 Ⅱ. 可数名词和不可数名词普通名词按照其所表示的事物的性质分为可数 名词和不可数名词。 1．可数名词可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。如：an apple; two apples 。 ★注意： a 用于以辅音音素( 指音标) 开头的单数名词前； an 用于以元音音素( 指音标) 开头的单数名词前。 如：a book/buk/, a useful/ju:sful/ book ，an apple/’aepl/ ，a red apple , an hour/’aua/ 2．不可数名词: 不可数名词包括物质名词和抽象名词，没有复数形式。(1)物质名词。如： water; rice; tea; milk; food; fruit; meat; fish(鱼肉); chicken(鸡肉); beef; mutton; orange(橙汁)；sugar; salt; paper(纸); porridge; bread; sand; juice等。这类不可数名词需要计量时要在名词前加表示量的词。如：a cup of tea; two bags of rice; three bottles of water 等。 (2)抽象名词。如： news; music; time(时间); information等。 (3)不可数名词不能与数词或不定冠词连用。 (4)注意有些名词既可做可数名词也可做不可数名词。 如：fish; time; glass; orange; room; noise; chicken等。但使用时一定要区分它们表达的不同意义。 Ⅲ. 名词的数 (1)元音或词尾发生变化 如：man→men; woman→women; Frenchman→Frenchmen; tooth→teeth; foot→feet; child→children (2)单复数形式相同 如：sheep→sheep; fish→fish; Chinese→Chinese; Japanese→Japanese; yuan→yuan (3)形式为单数意思为复数如：people，police（集合名词） (4)形式为复数意思为单数如：news, maths, physics, the United States等。 (5)只用复数形式如：pants, shorts, clothes，glasses(眼镜)等。 3. 不可数名词的量的表示：（不能直接用数字；不能直接加a。an；无复数形式）(1)表不定数量时，一般用much，(a)little, a lot of/lots of, some, any等词修饰。 (2)表确定数量时，一般用“数词＋量词＋of＋不可数名词。 如：a piece of paper, a piece of news, a bag of rice, two glasses of milk, four bottles of water