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重点高中英语:27个抽象名词具体化陈天河

重点高中英语:27个抽象名词具体化陈天河
重点高中英语:27个抽象名词具体化陈天河

重点高中英语:27个抽象名词具体化陈天河

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高中英语:27个抽象名词和可数名词之间的转换

陈天河 2016.07.15

在特殊情况下,有些抽象名词可以进行具体化。这时,不可数的抽象名词可以用来表示可数的人或事物,即名词的数和词义发生了变化。

下面就高中课本中出现的一些抽象名词具体化的名词做一整理。

1. achievement [U]达到,完成,成就;[ C]成就,成绩,功绩.

Even a small success gives you asense of achievement. (牛津高阶英汉双解词典第七版 P15 )

即使是小小的成功也给人一种成就感.

Women of achievement

伟大的女人,成功的女人,有伟大成就的女人.

David Brooks, author of TheSocial Animal: The Hidden Sources of Love, Character,

and Achievement, appears to be the latest in a long line of writers who have failed to resist the temptation. (2015 湖北高考英语 E篇)

……《社会动物:爱、性格和成就的潜在根源》…….

Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense

of 62 (achieve). (2016 全国卷II)

解析:achievement在介词of之后,应该使用名词形式,而且此处应为抽象名词,用单数形式。

Research findings seem to indicate that the creation by a great artist is as permanent an

achievement as the discovery by a great scientist.(2015高考英语重庆 E篇)

……一种成就…….

65.The passage is mainly about early Chicago's ________.(2015高考英语湖南 B篇)

A. popular lifestyles and their influences

B. environmental disasters and their causes

C. engineering problems and their solutions

D. successful businessmen and their achievements

其中,D项成功商业人士和他们的成就。.

2. attraction [ U]吸引,吸引力; [C]有吸引力的人或事物.

The idea of traveling to the moon has little attraction for me.

到月球上旅行的想法对我没有什么吸引力.

The city's bright lights, theatres, and movies are great attractions.

城里明亮的灯,戏院,电影等有巨大的吸引力.

One of the main attractions of the job is the high salary.

这份工作最吸引人的是薪水高.

3. beauty [ U]美,美丽; [C]美丽的人或事物

She was a famous beauty in her youth.

她年轻时是个有名的美人.

That new car is an absolute beauty.

那辆新车漂亮极了.

4. comfort [ U]安慰,慰藉,宽恕; [C]令人感到安慰的人或事物

The news brought comfort to all of us.

这消息给我们大家带来了安慰.

His husband was a great comfort to her when she was ill.

她生病时,她丈夫对她是个极大的安慰.

5. danger [ U]危险,风险; [C]危险的人,危险因素

Children's lives are in danger every time they cross this road.

孩子们每次过这条马路都面临着生命危险.

out of danger

脱离危险

Police said the man was a danger to the public.

警方说这个男子对公众是个危险分子.

6. death [ U]死,死亡; [C]死亡的人

Air pollution alone causes about three million deaths every year.

仅空气污染就造成了每年近三百万人死亡.

If the hurricane had happened during the daytime, there would have been many more deaths.

若飓风发生在白天,那么死亡的人会多的多.

7. delight [ U]高兴,愉快,快乐; [C]令人高兴的事,乐事,乐趣

To our great delight, the day turned out fine.

我们感到高兴的是天气转晴了.

The guitar is a delight to play.

弹吉他是件很惬意的事.

Her singing is a delight.

她的歌声使人快乐.

8. difficulty [U]困难,艰难,难度,困难性; [C]难做,难懂,难应付的事,难事,难点,难题

She got the door open with difficulty.

她艰难地把门打开了.

I had the great difficulty in persuading her.

我为了说服她,费了好大的劲儿.

He wants to marry her, but his parents are making difficulties.

他想娶她,但他父母从中阻挠.

She met with many difficulties when traveling. 她在旅行时遇到了许多伤脑筋的事.

9. experience [U]经验; [C]经历,体验

Do you have any previous experience of this kind of work?

你以前做过这种工作吗?

Valuable experience 宝贵的经验

He hand many interesting experiences while traveling in Africa.

10. failure [ U]失败; [C]失败的人或事物

The success or failure of the plan depends on you.

这项计划的成败取决于你.

Failure in one examination should not stop you trying again.

一次考试不及格不应该防碍你再试一次.

The whole thing was a complete failure. 整个事情彻底失败了.

She was a failure as a teacher. 她当教师并不成功.

11. help [ U]帮助; [C]有帮助的人或事物

A tape-recorder or a mp3 is a great help for you to learn English.

录音机或mp3对你学英语帮助很大.

I am a good help to my mother at home.

我在家里是妈妈的好帮手.

12. honour [ U]荣幸,荣誉; [C]给某人/某事增光的人或事物

We fought for the honour of our country. 我们为祖国的荣誉而战.

It is a great honour for me to be present at the conference.参加这次大会我感到很荣幸.

13. joy [ U]高兴,愉快,喜悦; [C]令人高兴的人或事,乐事,乐趣

jump with joy 高兴得跳起来

The game was a joy to watch.看这场比赛真是开心.

He is a great joy to listen to.

他这个人,听他讲话就是极大的乐趣.

14. kindness [ U]亲切,和蔼,仁慈,好意; [C]友好或仁慈,体贴的举动,好心的行为

She always shows kindness to children and animals.她对孩子和动物总是很温柔.

He did it entirely out of kindness, not for money.他做那件事纯粹出于好意,并非为钱.

It would be a great kindness to see him while he is so ill.

他病得很厉害,去探望他就是对他的极大关怀.

15. pity [ U]怜悯,同情; [C]可惜的事,遗憾的事

feel pity for 对...同情

out of pity出于同情

It's a pity the weather is not good for our outing today.我们今天出去游玩天气不好,真遗憾.

It's a pity that you can't go to the theatre with us tonight. 你今晚不能和我们一起去看戏,真可惜.

16. pleasure [ U]高兴,快乐,愉快; [C]乐事,趣事

take (a) pleasure in 以...为乐

with pleasure 愉快地,高兴地

It is my pleasure. 我乐意做的事情.

跟你一起工作是一件令人高兴的事情.

It is a pleasure to work with you.

It has been a pleasure meeting you.

认识你是十分高兴的事.

She has few pleasures left in life.

她的生活中已没有什么乐趣了.

17. satisfaction [ U]满足,满意; [C]令人满足或带来乐趣的事情

with satisfaction满意地

Playing the piano was one of his greatest satisfactions.

弹钢琴是他的最大乐趣之一.

It is a great satisfaction to know that he has arrived home safely.

知道他已经平安到家,我感到十分高兴.

18. shame [ U]羞耻,羞愧,惭愧; [C]遗憾的事,可耻的人或事物 He felt no shame for what he had done.他对自己所做的事情不感到羞愧.

It is a shame to deceive the old man.欺骗这位老人真是太可耻了.

What a shame that it rained so much during the vocation.

假期里下那么多雨,真是太遗憾了.

19. success [ U]成功,成名; [C]成功的人或事物

He's proud of his daughter's successes.

他为女儿的种种成就感到自豪.

Of his experiments, three were successes and one was a failure.在他的实验中,有三个成功,一个失败.

20. surprise [ U]惊奇;[C]令人惊奇的事或消息,意想不到或突然的事

in surprise吃惊地

Her letter came as a complete surprise.

万万没想到会收到她的信.

21. trouble [ U]困难,苦恼,痛苦; [C]麻烦事,困难事,负担

She's had so many troubles that she looks fifty, although she's only thirty.

使她苦恼的事情太多,虽然她只有三十岁,看上去却像五十岁了.

She has always been a great trouble to her father and mother.

她一直是她父母的一块心病.

22. wonder [ U]惊奇,惊讶,惊异,惊叹,惊愕; [C]令人感到惊奇的事情,奇迹,奇观in/with wonder 惊奇地

no wonder 毫不奇怪

抽象名词具体化可数不可数

honor 荣耀 an honor一个(件)引以为荣的(事) (1)一般说来抽象名词为不可数名词,但当抽象名词表示具体的东西时,可用作可数名词且词义发生变化,主要类型如下: ①抽象名词表示具有某种特性、状态、感情情绪的人或事。如: 抽象名词(不可数)具体化(个体名词,可数名词) in surprise惊讶地a surprise一件令人惊讶的事 win success获得成功a success一个(件)成功的人(事) win honor赢得荣誉an honor一个(件)引以为荣的(事) Failure(失败)is the mother of success a failure失败者 失败是成功之母。 by experience靠经验an experience一次经历 youth青春a youth一个青年人 have pity on sb.怜悯某人a pity可惜的事情 with pleasure乐意a pleasure乐事 ②抽象名词与a(an)连用,淡化了抽象概念,转化为似乎可以体验到的动作、行为或类别。如: A knowledge of English is a must in international trade. Would you like to have a walk(swim, bath, talk)with me? It is waste of time reading such a novel. She made an apology to her mother for her wrong doings. (2)物质名词是不可数名词,但表示数量或种类之多时,可以用作可数名词。如: ①物质名词有形或数的相应物体,有单、复数。如:some coffee一些咖啡,a coffee一杯咖啡,three coffees三杯咖啡,some drink一些饮料, a drink一杯饮料,three drinks三杯饮料,his hair他的头发,a few gray hairs几根白发,glass玻璃,a glass一只玻璃杯。 ②物质名词有前置后置修饰时,前面要使用不定冠词。 have breakfast have a big breakfast The road is covered with snow. They have a heavy snow every year. Time and tide wait for no man.. We had a wonderful time last night

名词专项练习(重新整理)

名词专项练习(重新整理) 一、单项选择名词 1.A sense of ______ is the basic requirement for people working in the fields of education and health care. A.agreement B.attention C.carefulness D.devotion 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词。句意:奉献意识感是对于工作在服务业例如教育和医疗保健的最基本的要求。 A.agreement 协议; B. attention注意; C. invitation邀请; D.devotion奉献,贡献。故选D 项。 2.场景、场面 ( 着重人物的活动) 3.The broken window was the that the house had been broken into. A.evidence B.expression C.scenery D.function 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词。A. evidence证据; B. expression表达; C. scenery风景; D. function功能。句意:弄坏的窗户是这所房子被破门而入的证据。故选A。 4.Now that the banks are back on their feet, we expect the extraordinary______ from them to help rebuild the economy. A.category B.commitment C.component D.competence 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词。A. category 种类; B. commitment承诺,保证; C. component成分,组件; D. competence能力,胜任。句意:现在银行已经恢复了元气,我们希望他们能做出非凡的承诺,帮助重建经济。结合句意可知答案为B。 5.It has been proved that there is a(n) ______ between smoking and certain diseases. A.connection B.description. C.expression D.concentration 【答案】A 【解析】

抽象名词归纳

抽象名词归纳(一) (2008-09-08 20:21:06) 转载 分类:词汇篇 标签: 教育 一.表示“好”的品质、性格等方面的词语 1. devotion / loyalty 忠实/忠诚;/faith /faithfulness /fidelity 忠实/诚实;allegiance 忠贞,效忠; 2. honesty/ sincerity /cordiality诚挚,诚恳;hospitality 热情好客friendliness 友好; amity友好; 3. credit /trust/credibility 信任,信用;reliability 可靠性 4. confidence/reliance 信心,依靠; diligence/industry/hard work努力, 勤奋;courage/ bravery勇气, 勇敢; cooperation/collaboration 合作, 协作;solidarity/unity 团结; 5. sympathy/compassion/pity同情,怜悯;mercy 仁慈,可怜;benevolence 善意,仁慈; 6. appeal /attraction/ temptation/ lure/enticement / 吸引力 7. humanity 人类,人性,人道,仁慈;humanities 人文学科 8. harmony 和谐; peace 和平; appreciation 欣赏 9. ingenuity /creativity/ 创造力,灵活性 10. dignity /self-respect/self-esteem / reverence尊严,自尊,高贵 11. courtesy/manners/politeness /humility 谦卑,礼貌 12. innocence 无辜,清白; prestige 威望,名望;魅力,吸引力; reputation/fame/ 名声,名誉 13. perseverance毅力; persistence 坚持; mercy /beneficence/ goodness / kindness 仁慈,善良 14. integrity = honesty正直,诚实; 15. conscience 良心,良知; morality 道德观; values价值观 16. admiration / adoration 崇拜,敬爱;aspiration/desire/longing 希望,渴望; ambition 抱负,理想,野心 17. thank/ gratitude/gratification 感谢,感恩,满意 18. generosity 慷慨,大方; reward 回报,奖赏 19. joy/happiness/pleasure/ rejoice/ elation/ cheerfulness 快乐,高兴,愉快 20. craftiness/ cuteness/shrewdness/ smartness/ cunning 21. prudence/ carefulness/ caution/ 谨慎,小心 二.表示“不好”的品质、性格等方面的词语 1. immorality 不道德; hypocrisy /dishonesty虚伪hypocritical /dishonest虚伪的,伪善的 2. deception /fraud/ trickery /cheat /lie /betrayal /humbug /swindle / hoax/ trick/

of+抽象名词

of+抽象名词 高中英语“of+抽象名词=对应的形容词”的用法是常见的语法现象。例词: of fame= fame d著名的 of wealth= wealth y富有的 of use= use ful有用的 of help= help ful有帮助的;有用的 of beauty= beauti ful of interest= interest ing of importance= importan t重要的 of significance= significan t重要的 of nature= natur al of benefit= benefi cial有利的;有益的 of courage= courage ous勇敢的;有勇气的 of value= valu able贵重的;宝贵的(ue结尾去e加able) of hono(u)r= hono(u)r able光荣的;可敬的;体面的 of promise= promising有出息的;有前途的 具体用法 1.作表语 What he said was importan t. = What he said was of importance. 2.作定语(adj.前置,of短语后置)

He has made an important contribution to the company's success. =He has made a contribution of importance to the company's success. 3.加“非常” be very important= be of great importance (very是副词,修饰形容词、副词,great是形容词,修饰名词) 4.否定 What he said was not important. = What he said was of no importance. (not是副词,修饰动词was,no是形容词,修饰名词) 5.有的“of+抽象名词”没有相应的形容词,如size, shape, color, price, length, width, height, depth, weight, kind, type, age, opinion, way 了解The products are of first-rate quality. 了解The Americans are of almost all colors and races. 掌握of the same +抽名,可作表可作定,作表时of可省。two boys of the same age(作定) The two boys are of the same age. = The two boys are the same age.

高考英语语法复习之抽象名词具体化

畅游学海敢搏风浪誓教金榜题名。决战高考,改变命运。凌风破浪击长空,擎天揽日跃龙门 高考英语语法复习之抽象名词具体化 抽象名词具体化通常可分为以下两类: 一、表示情感、情绪的词,强调具体的人或事时常将其具体化使用。常用的重点抽象名词可概括为如下11个字:惊、乐、幸、憾、傲、慰、险、助、成、败、美。 1. surprise吃惊、惊奇(不可数名词) a surprise令人吃惊的人或事(可数名词) 如:in surprise惊奇地、吃惊地,to one’s surpris e令人吃惊的是 What a surprise to see you here! 在这里见到你真是个意外的事。 2. pleasure愉快、高兴(不可数名词) a pleasure一个乐事、一个乐趣(可数名词) 如:with pleasure高兴地、乐意地,take pleasure in以…为乐、爱好 It’s a pleasure to work with him. 和他一块儿工作是件乐事。 3. honor荣誉、信誉(不可数名词) an honor一种光荣的人或事(可数名词) 如:for the honor of the country为了国家的荣誉 It’s an honor to speak here.在这里发言是我的荣幸。 4. pity 遗憾 a pity 一件遗憾的事 It’s a pity that you should fail to pass the exam. 5. pride骄傲(不可数名词) a pride令人骄傲的人或事(可数名词) 如:He takes pride in his son.他以儿子为骄傲。 He is a pride to his parents.他是父母的一个骄傲。 6. comfort安危、舒适(不可数名词) a comfort一个令人安慰的人或事(可数名词) 如:enjoy comfort享受舒适 Books become a comfort to him.书籍成为他的一种安慰。 She tried to make her children live in comfort , which is a great comfort to her. 7. danger危险(不可数名词) a danger可能引起危险的人或物(可数名词) 如:In war, a soldier’s life is full of danger.战争中,士兵的生命充满了危险。 The man is a danger to society.那是个对社会危险的人物。 8. success成功(不可数名词) a success一个成功的人或事(可数名词) 如:be sure of success确信成功 He is a great success as a scientist.作为科学家,他是个伟大的成功者。

抽象名词归纳

一.表示“好”的品质、性格等方面的词语 1. devotion / loyalty 忠实/忠诚;/faith /faithfulness /fidelity 忠实/诚实;allegiance 忠贞,效忠; 2. honesty/ sincerity /cordiality 诚挚,诚恳;hospitality 热情好 客 friendliness 友好; amity友好; 3. credit /trust/credibility 信任,信用;reliability 可靠性 4. confidence/reliance 信心,依靠; diligence/industry/hard work努力, 勤奋;courage/ bravery 勇气, 勇敢; cooperation/collaboration 合作, 协作;solidarity/unity 团结; 5. sympathy/compassion/pity同情,怜悯;mercy 仁慈,可怜;benevolence 善意,仁慈; 6. appeal /attraction/ temptation/ lure/enticement / 吸引力 7. humanity 人类,人性,人道,仁慈;humanities 人文学科 8. harmony 和谐; peace 和平; appreciation 欣赏 9. ingenuity /creativity/ 创造力,灵活性 10. dignity /self-respect/self-esteem / reverence 尊严,自尊,高贵 11. courtesy/manners/politeness /humility 谦卑,礼貌 12. innocence 无辜,清白; prestige 威望,名望;魅力,吸引力; reputation/fame/ 名声,名誉 13. perseverance毅力; persistence 坚持; mercy /beneficence/ goodness / kindness 仁慈,善良 14. integrity = honesty正直,诚实; 15. conscience 良心,良知; morality 道德观; values价值观

不可数的抽象名词

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2020高考英语复习难点解析:并非只表抽象的抽象名词

2020高考英语复习难点解析:并非只表抽象的抽象名 词 抽象名词一般看作不可数名词,但有时也可与冠词连用,表示具体化。 ●难点磁场 A.不填;the B.不填;an C.an;an D.the;the A.a;a B.the;an C.the;the D.不填;the A./ B.the C.a D.one 4.(★★★★)-I hear that as many as 150 people were killed in the earthquake. -Yes,________news came as________shock to us. A.the;the B.the;a C.不填;不填 D.不填;a 5.(★★★★)He has______great interest in history,especially in______history of Tang Dynasty. A.a;the B.a;/ C./;the D./;a ●案例探究 1.For many Beijingers,dreams of living in___green area are becoming____reality. A.a;a B.the;the C.不填;不填 D.the;不填 命题意图:表面看本题考查学生对冠词的用法,其实也考查了学生对抽象名词具体化的掌握,属于五题目。 知识依托:抽象名词并非都作不可数名词。

错解分析:D选项迷惑性较大,很多同学会认为reality为抽象名词,不能用a。 解题方法与技巧:抽象名词或物质名词前或后加上表示性质类别 的修饰词,指概念的"一种""一类""一次"等时,可用不定冠词,例如:Physics is a science. 答案:A 2.The police have________power to arrest bad people by________law. A.the;the B.a;a C.the;不填 D.不填;the 命题意图:考查学生对抽象名词具体化的理解,属于四题目。 知识依托:定冠词与抽象名词连用,特指双方都了解的人或事。 错解分析:很多学生会认为D准确,认为power是抽象名词,故 不能用冠词。 解题方法与技巧:to arrest bad people是power的定语,故此 处用the表示特指。 答案:C ●锦囊妙计 1.不定冠词与抽象名词连用表示: ①一种、一场或某个动作的一次、一番。例如:It was a war,have a look,have a try。 ②某一品质的具体行动。例如:Thank you,Tim.You have done me a kindness. ③引起某种情绪的事。例如:It's a pleasure to work with you. It's a pity that you can't swim.

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