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翻译术语

翻译术语
翻译术语

银行专用翻译:

?招商银行:China Merchants Bank

?中国工商银行:Industrial and Commercial Bank of China ?中国农业银行:Agricultural Bank of China

?花旗银行:Citibank

?中信银行:China Citic Bank

?交通银行:Bank of Communications

?中国光大银行:China Everbright Bank

?中国建设银行:China Construction Bank

?广东发展银行:Guangdong Development Bank

?中国银行:Bank of China

?中国民生银行:China Minsheng Banking Co., Ltd.

?兴业银行:Industrial Bank Co., Ltd.

?北京银行:Bank of China

银行摘要翻译:

?转账:Transfer

?短信费:SMS fee

?账户管理费:Account management fee

?现存/现金存入:Cash deposit

?转支:Withdrawal through transfer

?结息:Interest settlement

?消费:Consumption

?网银转账:Online transfer/ Transfer via online bank

?现支:Cash withdrawal

?手续费:Service fee

?利息税:Interest tax

?ATM跨行取现:Draw cash across bank from ATM

?转存:Redeposit

?委托扣:Entrusted deduction

?基金分红:Fund dividends

?授权结算:Authorized settlement

?转款:Transfer

?快捷支付:swift payment

?活期转入:Transferred in from current account

?收费:Charge

?客户转账:Customer transfer

?网上消费: Online spending/ Online consumption

?柜台存款:Counter deposit

?信用卡存:Deposit in credit card

?分红:Dividends of wealth management

?还本:Principal refund of wealth management

?汇入汇款:Inward remittance

?利息转存:Interest redeposit

?电子支付:Electronic payment

?跨行来账:

?银联ATM: Unionpay at ATM

?POS消费:POS consumption

?转账销户: Transfer and close an account

?基金认购、申购、赎回:Subscription/Purchasing/redeeming fund

?电话费:Telephone fee

?ATM跨行费:ATM inter-bank fee

?账户结息:Interest settlement

?柜台取现:Draw cash at counter

?即时售汇:Instant sale

?对私提回贷:Personal

?个人售汇:Personal sales of Fx

?转账收费:Transfer fee

?手机费:Mobile phone fee

?国际结算费:International settlement fee

?转账汇款:Transfer remittance

?行内汇入:Internal Remittance

?移动:China Mobile

?电信:Telecom

?报销:reimbursement

?网转:Online transfer

?跨行费:Inter-bank charge

?无折转客户账:No passbook transfer-in

?消费或网付:Consumption or online payment

?无折客账转账:No passbook transfer-out

?对私电汇费:Personal telegraphic transfer fee

?对私电子汇划:Personal telegraphic transfer

?无折直接贷记:No passbook direct credit

?无折直接借记:No passbook direct debit

?应付利息结息:Interest payable settlement

?网银跨省汇划:Online banking trans-provincial remittance and transfer ?ATM转入:Transfer-in at ATM

?ATM取款/ATM支取:Withdrawal at ATM

?自动转存:Automatic redeposit

?整存整取:Lump sum deposit & withdrawal

?自动还款:Automatic repayment

?跨行汇款:Inter-bank remittance

?汇费:Remittance fee

?奖金:Bonus

?他行汇入:Remitted across bank/ Inward remittance from other bank ?柜面交易:Transaction over the counter

?换折:Renewal

?银证:Bank securities

?汇款:Remittance

?累存:Accumulated deposit

?累取:Accumulated withdrawal

?有线:Cable charge

?公积金还贷:Fund deducted account of housing loan

?扣年费:Deduction for annual fee

?报销费:Reimbursement fee

?补正:Correction

?支付通:Icard pay

?网通费:CNC fee

?抹帐:Reversing an entry

?劳务:Labor service

?报销劳务:Reimbursement for labor cost

?认购:Subscription

?承上:Brought down

?合并:Merge

?帐服费:Small management fee

?活期账户:Current Account

?借款:Loan

?卡取:Card withdrawal/Withdrawal by bank card

?跨行:Inter-bank

?卡存:Card deposit/Deposit by bank card

?定期转活期:Term account transfer to current account

?同城汇转本Local Remittance transfer principal

?冲补帐:Rush Fill Accounts

?账号历史交易明细表: Account History Transaction Statement

?活期结算户:Current Account

?整存整取户:lump-sum deposit and withdrawal

?冻结:Blocked

?理财购买:

?理财到期:

房产文件词汇汇总

?房产证:Real estate title deed

?购房合同:House purchase contract

?购房发票:Purchase Invoice

?契税完税证:Deed tax certificate

?房贷合同:House loan contract

?贷款还款查询信息:Inquiry Information of Loan Payment of the house ?房产评估报告:Real estate appraisal report

译模板

户口本翻译模板:

中医术语翻译的国际标准与文化传承

中医术语翻译的国际标准与文化传承 近期,千华翻译公司翻译了一批中医文献,现将我们搜集的部分有用的资料共享如下: 2007年1O月,世界卫生组织(WH0)西太区颁布了《传统医学名词术语国际标准》(WHO International StandardTerminologies 011 Traditional Medicine in the Western PacificRegion)。这一标准的颁布,使得中医术语翻译的规范化进程向前迈出了坚实的一步。同时,这一标准也将有助于包括中医学在内的传统医学在世界范围内的推广和应用,因此被业内人士称为“传统医学发展的里程碑”。然而,从学科自身发展角度而言,这一新的国际术语标准并非一成不变,WHO有关官员表示在今后实践中将对此标准不断修改与完善,使术语的翻译能更准确地将中医文化体现出来。现从经络部分就中医术语的翻译和文化传承进行粗浅探索。 1 WH0西太区颁布的《传统医学名词术语国际标准》经络部分的翻译和文化传承 1.1 十二经脉的翻译与文化传承:十二经脉是结合脏腑、手足、阴阳三方面内容而命名的。WH0西太区颁布的《传统医学名词术语国际标准》中,将十二经脉的翻译如下:手太阴肺经:lung meridian(LU);手阳明大肠经:large intestinemeridian(LI);足阳明胃经:stomachmeridian(ST);足太阴脾经:spleenmeridian(SP);手少阴心经:heartmeridian(HT);手太阳小肠经:small intestine meridian(SI);足太阳膀胱经:bladdermeridian(BL);足少阴。肾经:kidlleymeridian(KI);手厥阴心包经:pericardium meridian(PC);手少阳三焦经:triple energizer meridian(TE);足少阳胆经:gallbladder meridian(GB);足厥阴肝经:liver meridian(LR)。从上述翻译中可以看到,WH0西太区在翻译这些术语时,主要是由“脏腑名称”+“经脉名”构成。这种方法简便、方便交流,但这样翻译明显有遗漏。如“lung meridian(LU)”的翻译中,看不到“手太阴”的翻译。《灵枢·经脉》中对十二经脉的命名采用“脏/腑+手/足+阴/阳+脉”的形式命名。该命名形式,主要是在继承和保留“手/足+阴/阳+脉”格式的基础上,将脏腑名置于手足阴阳之前,增加了脏腑的元素,体现了经脉理论和脏腑理论的融合。所以,我们看到每一经脉的名称均依据分布于手足内外、所属脏器的名称和阴阳属性命名。为了准确、毫无遗漏的传递这些术语信息,笔者建议应以“脏或腑+经脉名称+of+手或者足+阴阳”的格式翻译,具体如下:手太阴肺经:lung meridian ofhand.taiyin(LU);手阳明大肠经:large intestine meridian ofhand.yangming(LI):足阳明胃经:stomach meridian offoot.yangming(ST);足太阴脾经:spleen meridian of foot.taiyin(SP);手少阴心经:heartmeridian ofhand.shaoyin(HT):手太阳小肠经:small intestinemeridian ofhand.taiyang(SI);足太阳膀胱经:bladder meridianof foot.taiyang(BL):足少阴肾经:kidney meridian offoot.shaoyin(KI);手厥阴心包经:pericardium meridian ofhand-jueyin(PC);手少阳三焦经:sanjiao meridian ofhand.shaoyang(SJ);足少阳胆经:gallbladder meridian offood—shaoyang(GB):足厥阴肝经:livermeridian offood-jueyin(LR)。采用这样的格式英译十二经脉名,能够完整体现中医对十二经脉命名的全部信息。 另外,三焦的英译也与中医理论和传统文化不合。WHO西太区在《传统医学名词术语国际标准》将“手少阳三焦经”译为“triple energizer meridian(TE)’这里涉及一个很具有中医文化特色的术语“三焦”的翻译。三焦是一个特殊的“腑”,既是对人体胸腹部位及其所藏脏腑器官目的划分,又是对人体某些功能系统的概括。三焦分上、中、下三焦,主要

翻译专业术语

Absolute Tran slati on Abstract Tran slati on Abusive tra nslati on Acceptability Accuracy Adaptati on Adequacy Adjustme nt An alogical Form An alysis Applied Tran slati on Studies Architra nseme (ATR) Autonomy Spectrum Autotra nslatio n Back Tran slati on Bilateral in terpret ing Class Shift Close Tran slati on Commu ni cative Tran slati on Commu nity in terpret ing Compe nsati on Compete nee Comp onen tial An alysis Comprehe nsive theory 古阿德克(Gouadec)古阿德克(Gouadec)路易斯(Lewis) 托利(Toury) 罗斯(Rose) 波波维奇(Popovic) 凯斯(Keith) 韩礼德(Halliday)纽马克(Newmark)纽马克(Newmark) 赫维(Hervey) 托利(Toury) 奈达(Nida ) 术语翻译贝献者 绝对翻译 摘要翻译 滥译 可接受性 准确 改编 充分性 调整 类同形式 分析 应用翻译研究 元译素 自立幅度 自译 回译 双边传译 词类转换 贴近翻译 传意翻译;交际翻译 社群传译 补偿 能力 语义成分分析 综合理论 霍尔姆斯(Holmes) 奈达(Nida)和泰伯(Taber) 霍尔姆斯(Holmes) 范路文兹瓦特(van Leuven-Zwart )

常用专业术语翻译

1.素质教育:Quality Education 2. EQ:分两种,一种为教育商数Educational quotient,另一种情感商数Emotional quotient 3. 保险业:the insurance industry 4. 保证重点指出:ensure funding for priority areas 5. 补发拖欠的养老金:clear up pension payments in arrears 6. 不良贷款:non-performing loan 7. 层层转包和违法分包:mutlti-level contracting and illegal subcontracting 8. 城乡信用社:credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas 9. 城镇居民最低生活保障:a minimum standard of living for city residents 10. 城镇职工医疗保障制度:the system of medical insurance for urban workers 11. 出口信贷:export credit 12. 贷款质量:loan quality 13. 贷款质量五级分类办法:the five-category assets classification for bank loans 14. 防范和化解金融风险:take precautions against and reduce financial risks 15. 防洪工程:flood-prevention project 16. 非法外汇交易:illegal foreign exchange transaction 17. 非贸易收汇:foreign exchange earnings through nontrade channels 18. 非银行金融机构:non-bank financial institutions 19. 费改税:transform administrative fees into taxes 20. 跟踪审计:foolow-up auditing 21. 工程监理制度:the monitoring system for projects 22. 国有资产安全:the safety of state-owned assets 23. 过度开垦:excess reclamation 24. 合同管理制度:the contract system for governing projects 25. 积极的财政政策:pro-active fiscal policy 26. 基本生活费:basic allowance 27. 解除劳动关系:sever labor relation 28. 金融监管责任制:the responsibility system for financial supervision 29. 经济安全:economic security 30. 靠扩大财政赤字搞建设:to increase the deficit to spend more on development 31. 扩大国内需求:the expansion of domestic demand 32. 拉动经济增长:fuel economic growth 33. 粮食仓库:grain depot 34. 粮食收购企业:grain collection and storage enterprise 35. 粮食收购资金实行封闭运行:closed operation of grain purchase funds 36. 粮食销售市场:grain sales market 37. 劣质工程:shoddy engineering

模具术语英文翻译知识讲解

模具术语英文翻译

模具术语英文翻译 根据国家标准,以下为部分塑料模具成形术语的标准翻译。 动模 Movable Mould Moving Half 定模座板 Fixed Clamp Plate Top Clamping Plate Top Plate 动模座板 Moving Clamp Plate Bottom Clamping Plate Bottom Plate 上模座板 Upper Clamping Plate 下模座板 Lower Clamping Plate 凹模固定板 Cavity-retainer Plate 型芯固定板 Mould Core-retainer Plate 凸模固定板 Punch-retainer Plate 模套 Die Body Die Sleeve Die Blank 支承板 Backing Plate Support Plate 垫块 Spacer Parallel 支架 Ejector Housing Mould Base Leg 模头 Die Head 根据国家标准,以下为部分压铸模具术语的标准翻译。 压力铸造模具 Die-Casting Die 压铸模零部件 定模 Fixed Die Cover Die 定模座板 Fixed Clamping Plate 定模套板 Bolster Fixed Die 动模 Moving Die Ejector Die 动模座板 Moving Clamping Plate 直流道 Sprue 横流道 Runner 内浇口 Gate 模具分类 Injection Mold 注塑模 Plastic Rubber Mould 塑胶模 Rubber Molding 橡胶成形 Hot Chamber Die Casting 热室压铸 Sand Mold Casting 砂模铸造 Extrusion Mold 挤出模 Multi-Cavity Mold 多模穴模具 Stack Mold, Stack Injection Mould 叠层模

口译专业术语翻译

1.科学发展观the Outlook of Scientific Development(也有一说outlook 应为conception,有兴趣自己 去查字典了解了解两词的区别【谢谢方雪梅同学的讨论】) 2.倡导公正、合理的新秩序观call for the establishment of a new just and equitable order 3.以平等互利为核心的新发展观new thinking on development based on equality and mutual benefit 4.推动树立以互信、互利、平等和协作为主要内容的新安全观foster a new thinking on security featuring mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and coordination 5.主张形成以尊重多样性为特点的新文明观foster a new thinking on civilization that respects diversity 6.新能源观new thinking on energy development 有关先进文化的词汇 1.古为今用、洋为中用 旧译let the ancient serve the present, let the foreign serve the national 现译draw from past and foreign achievements 2.文艺工作cultural and art work; work in the cultural field 3.牢牢把握先进文化的前进方向firmly keep to the direction of an advanced culture/cultural advancement 4.文化与经济和政治互相交融interaction between cultural work, and economic and political activities cultural elements/factors intermingle with economic and political factors 5.民族的科学的大众的社会主义文化 a socialist culture that is distinctly Chinese, pro-science and people-oriented 6.弘扬主旋律,提倡多样化promote mainstream values and uphold cultural diversity 7.以科学的理论武装人,以正确的舆论引导人,以崇高的精神塑造人,以优秀的作品鼓舞人Equip/empower people with scientific theories, guide them with correct opinions/ convey to them right messages/provide them with correct media guidance, imbue them with a noble spirit and inspire them with excellent/fine works 8.具有中国气派的社会主义文化Chinese-style socialist culture; socialist culture with Chinese appeal 9.越是民族的,越是世界的The pride of a nation is also the pride of the world. What's unique for a nation is also precious for the world. When you are unique, the world comes to you.

当前常用政治术语的英文翻译

当前常用政治术语的英文翻译 作者:夜孔守望| 来源:沪江博客 新民主主义革命new-democratic revolution 民族独立和人民解放national independence and the liberation of the people 经济体制改革和政治体制改革reforms in the economic and political structure 社会主义制度socialist system 社会变革social transformation 建设有中国特色的社会主义事业the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics 中华民族的伟大复兴the gre at rejuvenation of the Chinese nation 党在社会主义初级阶段的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领the basic theory, line and program of our Party in the primary stage of socialism 改革开放政策the policies of reform and opening to the outside

中国共产党十一届三中全会The Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China 马克思主义政党Marxist political Party 党的第一(第二、第三)代中央领导集体the collective leadership of the Party Central Committee of the first (second\third)generation 人民民主专政the people's democratic dictatorship 国民经济体系national economic system 综合国力aggregate national strength 国内生产总值the annual gross domestic product(GDP) 独立自主的和平外交政策an independent foreign policy of peace 马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合the fundamental principles of Marxism with the specific situation in China 加强和改进党的建设,不断增强党的创造力、凝聚力和战斗力,永葆党的生机与活力strengthen and improve Party building, continuously enhance the creativity, rallying power and combat capability of the Party, and always maintain its vigor and vitality. “三个代表”就是必须代表中国先进生产力的发展要求,代表中国先进文化的前进方向,代表中国最广大人民的根本利益,是我们党的立党之本、执政之基、力量之源,是我们党始终站在时代前列,保持先进性的根本体现和根本要求。

政策术语英文翻译

政策术语英文翻译 “四个全面”战略布局 [释义]全面建成小康社会、全面深化改革、全面依法治国、全面从严治党。 [英文]Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy The Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy is to make comprehensive moves to: 1) finish building a moderately prosperous society; 2) deepen reform; 3) advance the law-baxxxxsed governance of China; 4) strengthen Party self-discipline. “两个一百年”奋斗目标 [释义]在中国共产党成立一百年时全面建成小康社会,在新中国成立一百年时建成富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家。 [英文]Two Centenary Goals The Two Centenary Goals are: to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects by the time the Communist Party of China celebrates its centenary in 2021; and to turn China into a modern socialist country that is prosperous strong democratic culturally advanced and harmonious by the time the People’s Repub lic of China celebrates its centenary in 2049. 双目标 [例]保持中高速增长和迈向中高端水平双目标。 [英文]dual obxxxxjectives We must focus on achieving the dual obxxxxjectives of maintaining a medium-high rate of growth and moving toward a medium-high level of development. 双引擎

中医术语英文翻译对照表

中医术语英文翻译对照表 治则 principle of treatment 在对临床的具体立法、处方、用药等具有普遍的指导意义,因而在治疗疾病时必须遵循的基本原则。 治病求本 treatment aiming at its pathogenesis 针对产生疾病的根本原因进行治疗的原则。 急则治标 symptomatic treatment in acute condition 与缓则治本相对而言,在大出血、暴泻、剧痛等标症甚急的情况,及时救治标病 缓则治本 radical treatment in chronic case 与急则治标相对而言,针对病势缓和、病情缓慢的情况,从本病的病机出发,采取调理、补益为主的治疗原则。标本兼治 treating both manifestation and root cause of disease 针对病证出现的标本并重的情况,采用治标与治本相结合的治疗原则。 治未病 preventive treatment of disease 采取一定的措施防止疾病产生和发展的治疗原则,包括未病先防和既病防变两个方面。 同病异治 treating same disease with different methods 表现相同的病证,可因人、因时、因地的不同,或由于病情的发展、病机的变化、病型的各异、正邪消长等差异,采取不同治法的治疗原则。 异病同治 treating different diseases with same method 表现不同的病证,由于发病机理相同,采取相同治法的治疗原则。 因时制宜 treatment in accordance with seasonal conditions 考虑到时令气候寒热燥湿的不同而选择适宜的治法、方药的治疗原则。 因地制宜 treatment in accordance with local conditions 考虑到地域环境的不同而选择适宜的治法、方药的治疗原则。 因人制宜 treatment in accordance with the patient's individuality 考虑到病人的体质、性别、年龄、生活习惯以及过去病史等个体差异性的不同而选择适宜的治法、方药的治疗原则。 扶正祛邪 strengthening vital qi to eliminate pathogenic factor 对于正虚为主、因虚致实的病证,应采取扶助正气为主,使正气加强,从而达到驱除病邪目的的治疗原则。 祛邪扶正 eliminating pathogen and strengthening vital qi 对于邪气实而正气偏虚的病证,应采用以消除病邪为主,扶助正气为辅,使邪去正安或正复的治疗原则。 扶正固本 strengthening body resistance 对于正气亏虚的病证,采用培补正气以愈病的治疗原则。 攻补兼施 reinforcement and elimination in combination 对于虚实夹杂,或虚实病情相当,可采用既祛邪又培补,即攻邪与扶正并重的治疗原则。 正治法 orthodox treatment 又称“逆治法”。 针对疾病的本质,从正面进行治疗,即逆病性而治的常规方法。 寒者热之 treating cold syndrome with hot natured drugs 针对寒性的病证应使用温热方药进行治疗的原则。 热者寒之 treating heat syndrome with cold natured drugs 针对热性的病证应使用寒凉方药进行治疗的原则。 虚者补之 treating deficiency syndrome with tonifying method 又称“虚则补之”。

翻译术语

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culture 语境context 笔译written translation 口译oral interpretation/oral translation/interpreting 同声传译simultaneous interpreting 交替口译consecutive interpreting 翻译原则translation principle 标准translation criterion (复数形式为criteria) 翻译过程translation process 翻译程序/步骤translation procedures 反应/读者反应response/reader’s response 对应(部分对应/完全对应)(partial /full )correspondence 等值/对等equivalence 对等物(词语)equivalent 形式对等formal equivalence 功能对等functional equivalence 动态对等dynamic equivalence 等效equivalent effect 充分性adequacy 可接受性acceptability(acceptable, unacceptable, unacceptability) 可读性readability(readable)

翻译理论翻译学术语列表

术语翻译贡献者 Absolute Translation 绝对翻译 古阿德克( Gouadec) Abstract Translation 摘要翻译 古阿德克( Gouadec) Abusive translation 滥译 路易斯( Lewis ) Acceptability 可接受性 托利( Toury ) Accuracy 准确Adaptation 改编Adequacy 充分性Adjustment 调整 Analogical Form 类同形式 霍尔姆斯( Holmes) Analysis 分析 奈达( Nida )和泰伯( Taber ) Applied Translation Studies 应用翻译研究霍尔姆斯( Holmes) Architranseme (ATR) 元译素范·路文兹瓦特( van Leuven- Zwart ) Autonomy Spectrum 自立幅度罗斯( Rose) Autotranslation 自译 波波维奇( Popovic ) Back Translation 回译 Bilateral interpreting 双边传译凯斯( Keith )Class Shift 词类转换韩礼德( Halliday )Close Translation 贴近翻译纽马克( Newmark) Communicative Translation 传意翻译;交际翻 译纽马克( Newmark) Community interpreting 社群传译 Compensation 补偿赫维( Hervey )Competence 能力托利( Toury )Componential Analysis 语义成分分析奈达( Nida )Comprehensive theory 综合理论

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【词汇】常用政治与行政术语英文翻译 ——————摘自知米背单词官方论坛 专八专四中常常会有一些政治类的文章,有些词汇分开认识,放在一起就傻眼了,那么我们来看看这些词汇吧。 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 大家仅供参考:马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiao-ping Theory, Jiang Zemin “Three Represent’s”important Thought 新民主主义革命new-democratic revolution 民族独立和人民解放national independence and the liberation of the people 经济体制改革和政治体制改革reforms in the economic and political structure 社会主义制度socialist system 社会变革social transformation 建设有中国特色的社会主义事业the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics 中华民族的伟大复兴the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation 党在社会主义初级阶段的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领the basic theory, line and program of our Party in the primary stage of socialism 改革开放政策the policies of reform and opening to the outside 中国共产党十一届三中全会The Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China 马克思主义政党Marxist political Party 党的第一(第二、第三)代中央领导集体the collective leadership of the Party Central Committee of the first (second/third)generation 人民民主专政the people’s democratic dictatorship 国民经济体系national economic system 综合国力aggregate national strength 国内生产总值the annual gross domestic product(GDP) 独立自主的和平外交政策an independent foreign policy of peace 马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合the fundamental principles of Marxism with the specific situation in China 加强和改进党的建设,不断增强党的创造力、凝聚力和战斗力,永葆党的生机与活力strengthen and improve Party building, continuously enhance the creativity, rallying power and combat capability of the Party, and always maintain its vigor and vitality “三个代表”就是必须代表中国先进生产力的发展要求,代表中国先进文化的前进方向,代表中国最广大人民的根本利益,是我们党的立党之本、执政之基、力量之源,是我们党始终站在时代前列,保持先进性的根本体现和根本要求。“Three Represent’s”shows that our Party must always represent the requirements of the development of China’s advanced productive forces, the orientation of the development of China’s advanced culture, and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people in China, they are the foundation for building the Party, the cornerstone for its exercise of state power and a source of its strengthen,only by doing so can we really ensure that our Party always stand in the forefront of the time and maintain

翻译概论术语整理

1.Source-oriented translation studies 翻译研究趋势有两个维度,一个方面就是坚持面向原文本的程度,另一方面聚焦于语言和产生的译本。以原文本为导向的是传统的规定性翻译研究的显著特征。从原文本的视角分析翻译,把翻译视作语言文字间的转化,却忽视了文化语境。书中有提到一个三角图,三角图的底线最左端代表原文本,最右端代表目标文本,左侧边代表原文本导向,右侧边代表目标文本导向。最左端角过度强调原文本,以至很难区分翻译和直译的区别。在现实中这种情况不常发生。图中显示Catford的形式对等,Nida的动态对等,Koller的语用对等,Beaugrande 基于文本的对等,以及Venuti的异化和对等都属于面向原文本的翻译研究。 2.Formal equivalence Catford把翻译界定为“用目的语(TL)中对等的文本材料取代原语(SL)的文本材料,并把追求原语的等值成分视作翻译的中心问题,从而提出翻译理论的使命就是在于确定等值成分的本质和条件。形式对应指任何译语范畴在译语的“机体”中尽可能占有与该原语范畴在原语中占有同等地位。例如:用一个形容词翻译另一个形容词。形式对应涉及原文本的语言形式,将原语中的结构形式原封不动地照搬入目的语,以原语为中心,最大限度显示原文中的形式与内容。 3.Translation shifts 当无法遵守原文本的语言形式进行翻译操作时,文本对应通过Catford所述的翻译转换所形成。当这两者概念发生分歧时,翻译转换尤其重要,其指从原语到译语的过程中偏离形式对应。设计两种主要的转换:层次转化和范畴转换。在层次转换中,位于一个语言层次的原语文本在译语的另一个层次中找到翻译对等。翻译中唯一的层次转换是语法-词汇转换。例如,原文本的文字游戏可能是通过利用目标语词汇层面进行翻译从而在语音层面得以实现,。范畴转换是通用术语,指翻译偏离形式对等。其分为四类:结构,类别,系统,单元转换。例如,原文本的形容词短语在目标文本变成副词短语。 4.Dynamic equivalence 动态对等指将原文本信息翻译成接受者语言时,译语读者和原语读者的心里反应要极为相似。主张翻译不必受原语中语言形式的各种束缚,在接受语中要考虑读者的反应,翻译要在内容上与原语内容对等,主张翻译就是意译,旨在达到完全对等的表达。在动态对等翻译中,译者关注的并非原语信息和译语信息之间的一一对应,而是译语接受者和译语信息之间的关系应该与原语读者和原文信息之间的关系基本相同。动态对等包括以下程序:1.用更适合的目标语言文化材料替代较难接近的原语项目。2. 引用原文本中含蓄地内容使其在目标语言中更加明确3. 为便于理解控制表达的冗长。 5.Target-oriented translation studies 指翻译研究的趋势转向于以目的文本为导向的翻译研究,焦点在语言和译本,且随着研究的进程研究范围会越来越广。具体可以体现在将翻译研究作为整体的一个三角图,在这个三角图中,自下而上的研究研究范围会越来越狭窄,然而自上而下的研究所涉及领域则越来越广。因而,不再是以往的从语言学的角度研究文本类型和功能,以目的文本为导向的翻译研究开始逐渐转向目的语的文化领域,其中包括不同历史时期的不同价值,意识形态,组织惯例的研究。

翻译专业术语

术语翻译贡献者Absolute Translation绝对翻译古阿德克(Gouadec) Abstract Translation摘要翻译古阿德克(Gouadec) Abusive translation滥译路易斯(Lewis)Acceptability可接受性托利(Toury) Accuracy准确 Adaptation改编 Adequacy充分性 Adjustment调整 Analogical Form类同形式霍尔姆斯(Holmes)Analysis分析奈达(Nida)和泰伯(Taber)Applied Translation Studies应用翻译研究霍尔姆斯(Holmes)Architranseme (ATR)元译素范·路文兹瓦特(van Leuven-Zwart)Autonomy Spectrum自立幅度罗斯(Rose) Autotranslation自译波波维奇(Popovic) Back Translation回译 Bilateral interpreting双边传译凯斯(Keith)

Class Shift词类转换韩礼德(Halliday)Close Translation贴近翻译纽马克(Newmark) 传意翻译;交际翻 Communicative Translation 纽马克(Newmark) 译 Community interpreting社群传译 Compensation补偿赫维(Hervey) Competence能力托利(Toury)Componential Analysis语义成分分析奈达(Nida)Comprehensive theory综合理论 Conference interpreting会议传译 Consecutive interpreting接续传译 Contextual consistency语境一致奈达(Nida)和泰伯(Taber)Conventions常规诺德(Nord) Corpora语料库 Correspondence对应 Court interpreting法庭传译 Covert translation隐型翻译豪斯(House)Creative transposition创造性转换

翻译学术语词汇解释

A An abridged translation节译本 Absorb what is good and reject what is bad; absorb the essence and reject the dross; select the refined and discard the crude 取其精华,弃其糟粕 Abstract thinking ( thought ) 抽象思维 Academic community 学术界 An academic thesis 学术论文 Accommodate something to circumstances; accommodation 变通 Be well cultured in literature 有文学修养 Artistically accomplished 有艺术修养 A man of considerable culture 文化修养很高的人 Accurate comprehension 正确的理解 Accurate comprehension and adequate representation 准确的理解与适切的表达 Accurateness, smoothness and promptness 准、顺、快(口译标准) Accurate representation 准确的再现 Achieve spiritual similarity by departing from the original form 离形得神 Acquisition (语言)习得 Adapted translation; corrected version; improved version 改译 Adequate representation适切表达 Advance from the realm of necessity to the realm of freedom 从必然王国走向自由王国 Aesthetic appreciation 审美(统觉)

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