陕西省澄城县寺前中学高三英语专题复习在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句内容：名词性从句
重难点突破：
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses）。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一、引导名词性从句的连接词
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：
A: that（无任何词意）在从句中均不充当任何成分
B: whether, if（均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性）
as if ,as though（均表示“好像”，“似乎”）
在从句中均不充当任何成分
C:连接代词有意义，且在从句中作相应的成分。
成分
主语宾语表语定语
人/物
人who/whoever whom/whomever who whose
物what/whatever what what which/whichever
连接副词有意义，且在从句中作相应的成分
方式状语
地点状语时间状语原因状语
where when why how
例如：What makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.
.See the flags on top of the building? That was what we did this morning.
Whoever wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.
He asked me which tie I wanted to buy
Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another
Where he worked is not far from here
When he came is not known to us all.
I didn’t know why he did n’t come
二. 主语从句
作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。一般常用，用it作形式主语从句作真正主语
三、宾语从句
名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。
1. 由连接词that引导的宾语从句
由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。
注意：在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist, desire, request, command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“（should）+ 动词原形”。例如：
I insist that she (should) do her work alone. 我坚持要她自己工作。
2. 用who，whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whateve r, whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。I want to know what he has told you. 我想知道他告诉了你什么。
She always thinks of how she can work well. 她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。
3.注意宾语从句中的时态呼应，当主句动词是现在时，从句根据自身的句子情况而使用不同时态。当主句动词是过去时态（could, would除外），从句则要用相应的过去时态，如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时等；当从句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则从句仍用现在时态。
The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America．
4. think, believe, imagine, suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中，要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中, 而从句的谓语动词用肯定式
I don’t believe he will do so. 我相信他不会这样做。
5. 动词（表示好恶的动词）+ it +从句（ it没有任何意义）
I heard it that he had gone abroad.
I hate it when people speak with their mouth full.
6. 主语 + 谓语 + 形式宾语it + 宾补 +宾语从句
I feel it a terrible thing that I have to get up so early.
I took it for granted that you would stay with us.
四、表语从句
在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用as if引导。其基本结构为：主语 + 系动词 + that从句。
That is why he didn’t come to the meeting. 那就是他为什么不到会的原因。
It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。
温馨提示：
1. 当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。：
The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning .
2. that’s why….与that’s because…的区别
He was ill. That’s why he was absent from school.
He was absent from school . That’s because he was ill.
四. 同位语从句
同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由that引导，可用于同位语从句的名词有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。例如：
The news that we won the game is exciting. 我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动。
针对性练习：
1. __________ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.
A. Which
B. What
C. That
D. Whom
2. I am afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is ______ he never finishes anything.
A. that
B. when
C. where
D. why
3 . We’ve offered her the job, but I don’t know______ she’ll accept it.
A. where
B. what
C. whether
D. which
4. The villagers have already known ______ we’ll do is to rebuild the bridge.
A. this
B. that
C. what
D. which
5. It was never clear _______ the man hadn’t reported the accident sooner.
A. that
B. how
C. when
D. why
6 .Our teachers always tell us to believe in ________ we do and who we are if we want to succeed.
A. why
B. how
C. what
D. which
7. I’d like to start my own business–that’s ____ I’d do if I had the money.
A. why
B. when
C. which
D. what
8 . It is still under discussion __________the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. A. whether B. when C. which D. where
9 Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious ____the problem itself is.
A. what
B. that
C. which
D. why
10________ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.
A. Whoever
B. Whatever
C. Whichever
D. Wherever
11. It's good to know ________ the dogs will be well cared for while we're away.
A. what
B. whose
C. which
D. that
12 ________ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.
A. When
B. How
C. What
D. That
13 ________ I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.
A. That
B. Which C．Whether D．What
名词性从句（二）
教学重难点：名词性从句的重难点
温馨提示：
A: whether与if 均为"是否"的意思。但在下列情况下，whether 不能被if 取代：
1. whether引导主语从句并在句首
2. 引导表语从句
3. whether从句作介词宾语
4. 从句后有"or not" 5 后接动词不定式时
Whether he will come is not clear.
B: 大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末，用 it充当形式主语。
It is not important who will go.
用whether/if 填空
__________he will come or not is not yet known. The question is _________ it is worth doing It depends on__________ the manager will agree to the plan or not.
I wonder __________you can do me a favour.
The problem ____________it is right or wrong has not yet been discussed.
B what与that的区别
1）在名词性从句中what可以作主语、宾语或表语，这时what具有两个含义：
a．保留疑问，即“什么”的意义；
b．相当于all／everything，常译成“……的（东西／事）”。如：
Can you tell me what your name is？你能告诉我你叫什么名字吗？
What she wants to know is which dress she should buy．她想知道的是她应买哪件衣服。
2）在名词性从句中that只起连接作用，它在从句中不作任何句子成分，也无任何意义。如：That the earth turns around the sun is known to all．
The trouble is that he has never done the work before．
3）在名词性从句的引导词中只有 that，而且是只有在引导宾语从句时才可以省略。如：
练习
1.—What did your parents think about your decision?
—They always let me do I think I should.
A. when
B. that
C. how
D. what
2．Engines are to machines hearts are to animals.
A. as
B. that
C. what
D. which
3. With his work completed, the businessman stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased he was
a man of action.
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. whether
4．— It’s thirty years since we last met.
—But I still remember the story, believe it or not, we got lost on a rainy night.
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. when
C: wh-疑问词与“疑问词＋ever”的区别
what等连接代词或副词常只保留本身疑问的含义；而whatever等连接代词或副词则主要用以加强语气。如：Who can work out this problem is not known．谁能解出这道题，目前还不清楚。
Whoever can work out this problem will be praised．任何一个能解出这道题的人都会受到表扬。
专项考点练习
1. ___ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A. There
B. This
C. That
D. It
2．A computer can only do ____ you have instructed it to do．
A．how B．after C．what D．when
3. He asked ____ for a violin．
A. did I pay how much
B. I paid how much
C. how much did I pay
D. how much I paid
4. What the doctors really doubt is ____ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon．
A. when
B. how
C. whethe r
D. why
5．It is generally considered unwise to give a child _____he or she wants.
A. however
B. whatever
C. whichever
D. whenever
6. ______leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
A. Anyone
B. The person
C. Whoever
D. Who
7. Sarah hopes to become a frie nd of ______shares her interests.
A. anyone
B. whomever
C. whoever
D. no matter who
8.—I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
—Is that ______ you had a few days off ?
A. why
B. what
C. when
D. where
9. I still remember ______ this used to be a quiet village.
A. when
B. how
C. where
D. what
10．I read about it in some book or other，does it matter ____ it was？
A．where B．what C．how D．which
11 —I think it is going to be a big problem.
—Yes, it could be.
—I wonder ______ we can do about it.
A、if
B、how
C、what
D、that
11. ________that they found an unusual plant in the forest.
A. It is said
B. They are said
C. It said
D. It says
12. _____ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.
A. What
B. That
C. How
D. Where
13. It worried Mary a lot _____ she would pass the college entrance examination.
A. whether
B. if
C. t hat
D. how
14. Shanghai has taken on a new look. It isn’t like _____ it used to be .
A .what B. how C. that D. which
15.. Have you seen Mary lately? My boss wants to know _______.
A. how she is getting along
B. how is she getting along
C. what she is getting along
D. what is she getting along
名词性从句（三）
内容：综合性练习
重难点突破：
1 ________struck me most in the movie was the father's deep love for his son.
A．That B．It C．What D．Which
2 From space, the earth looks blue. This is ________ about seventy－one percent of its surface is covered by water.
A．why B．how C．because D．whether
3________ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.
A. That
B. What
C. Who
D. Which
4 Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell ________ close you may be t o victory.
A. how
B. that
C. which
D. where
5 Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.” This is _____ my mother used to tell me.
A. what
B. how
C. that
D. whether
6 I think _______ impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.
A. what
B. that
C. which
D. who
7 Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, “That’s ______ I was born.”
A. when
B. how
C. why
D. where
8 ________ the delayed flight will take off de pends much on the weather.
A. Why
B. When
C. That
D. What
9 It is difficult for us to imagine_____ life was like for slaves in the ancient world.
A. where
B. what
C. which
D. why
10 Exactly ____ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.
A. whether
B. why
C. when
D. how
11 —What a mess! You are always so lazy!
—I’m not to blame, mum. I am ________ yo u hav e made me.
A. how
B. what
C. that
D. who
12 、As John Lennon once said，life is_____ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. where
13 Pick yourself up. Courage is doing you're afraid to do.
A. that
B. what
C. how
D. whether
14 The best moment for the football star was _______ he scored the winning goal.
A. where
B. when
C. how
D. why
15“Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.” This is _____ my mother used to tell me.
A. what
B. how
C. that
D. whether
16 I think _______ impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.
A. what
B. that
C. which
D. who
17 Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, “That’s ______ I was born.”
A. when
B. how
C. why
D. where
18 ________ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.
A. Why
B. When
C. That
D. What
19 It is difficult for us to imagine_____ life was like for slaves in the ancient world.
A. where
B. what
C. whi ch
D. why
20 Exactly ____ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.
A. whether
B. why
C. when
D. how
21 —What a mess! You are always so lazy!
—I’m not to blame, mum. I am ________ you have made me.
A. how
B. what
C. that
D. who
22 As John Lennon once said，life is_____ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. where
23 Pick yourself up. Courage is doing you're afraid to do.
A. that
B. what
C. how
D. whether
24 The best moment for the football star was _______ he scored the winning goal.
A. where
B. when
C. how
D. why
状语从句
1. In the global economy, a new drug for cancer, ________ it is discovered, will create many
economic possibilities around the world.
A．whatever B．whoever C．wherever D．whichever
2. She says that she'll have to close the shop ________ business improves.
A. if
B. unless
C. after
D. when
3. One can always manage to do more things，no matter ________ full one's schedule is in life.
A．how B．what C．when D．where
4. Mark needs to learn Chinese ________his company is opening a branch in Beijing.
A. unless
B. until C．although D. since
5 ________ I have to give a speech, I get extremely nervous before I start.
A. Whatever
B. Whenever
C. Whoever
D. However
6. I have heard a lot of good things about you ________ I came back from abroad.
A．since B．until C．before D．when
7________ small, the company has about 1，000 buyers in over 30 countries.
A. As
B. If C．Although D．Once
8. “You can't judge a book by its cover，” ________．
A. as the saying goes old
B. goes as the old saying
C. as the old saying goes
D. goes as old the say ing
9. It's much easier to make friends ________ you have similar interests.
A．unless B．when C．even though D．so that
10. I took my driving license with me on holiday, ________ I wanted to hire a car.
A. in case
B. even if
C. ever since
D. if only
11. You must learn to consult your feelings and your reason ________ you reach any decision.
A. although
B. before
C. because
D. unless
12. I had hardly got to the office ___ my wife phone me to go back home at once.
A. when
B. than
C. until
D. after
13. When for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he
found it very interesting and rewarding.
A. asking
B. asked
C. having asked
D. to be asked
14. —Coach, can I continue with the training?
—Sorry, you can’t ________you haven’t recovered from the knee injury.
A. until
B. before
C. as
D. unless
15. I don't believe we've met before, I must say you do look familiar.
A. therefore
B. although
C. since
D. unless
16.—Look at those clouds!
—Don’t worry. ______ it rains, we’ll still have a great time.
A. Even if
B. As though
C. In case
D. If only
17 . Don’t handle the vase as if it ____ made of steel.
A. is
B. were
C. has been
D. had been
18.. It is hard for Greek government to get over the present difficulties ______ it gets more financial support from the European Union.
A. if
B. unless
C. because
D. since
19. Hot ___ the night air was, we slept deeply because we wer e so tired after the long journey.
A. although
B. as
C. while
D. however
20.. All the photographs in this book, _______ stated otherwise, date from the 1950s.
A. unless
B. until
C. once
D. if
21. He smiled politely ____ Mary apologized for her drunken friends.
A. as
B. if
C. unless
D. though
22. A number of high buildings have arisen ____ there was nothing a year ago but ruins.
A. when
B. where
C. before
D. until
23 _______ I always felt I would pass the exam, I never thought I would get an A.
A. While
B. Once
C. If
D. Until
24 . ______ hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.
A. However
B. Whatever
C. Whichever
D. Whenever
25. Everything was placed exactly _____ he wanted it for the graduation ceremony.
A. while
B. when
C. where
D. though
26. You can borrow my car ____ you promise not to drive too fast.
A. unless
B. if
C. in case
D. as long as
27 Leave your key with your neighbor ____ you lock yourself out one day.
A. as long as
B. even though
C. in case
D. as if
28 . If you happen to get lost in the wild, you’d better stay ______ you are and wait for help.
A. why
B. where
C. who
D. what
29 One’s life has value _____ one brings value to the life of others.
A. so that
B. no matter how
C. as long as
D. except that