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中考英语形容词用法讲解

中考英语形容词用法讲解
中考英语形容词用法讲解

形容词用法讲解

1. 形容词的知识点:

形容词是用来形容和修饰名词的一类词。大多数形容词具有比较级,形容词的位置一般在其修饰的名词前面。形容词在句子中一般可以作定语、表语和宾语补足语等。如:

I want to buy a green sweater. 我想买一件绿色的毛衣。(定语)

Our headmaster is ill again.我们的校长又生病了。(表语)

My dog’s death made me very sad. (宾语补足语)

形容词的种类一般有:

(1) 简单的形容词有:good 好的,green 绿色的,long 长的,bright 明亮的

(2) 带有前缀a-的形容词:afraid 害怕的,alike 相同的,asleep 睡着的

(3) 由动词的分词构成的形容词:

interesting 有兴趣的,exciting 令人兴奋的;tired 疲劳的;spoiled 宠坏的

(4) 复合形容词:

数词+名词+形容词,如:five-year-old五岁的;

名词+现在分词,如:heart-breaking 令人伤心的;

形容词+现在分词,如:good-looking 英俊的。

2. 形容词的比较等级:

形容词一般有三个等级,即原级、比较级和最高级。一般来说,表示两者同等或不同等程度时用原级,通常用“as + 形容词原级+ as ...”或“not as (so)+ 形容词原级+ as ...”的结构。如:

My brother is as tall as I. 我弟弟和我一样高。

The weather in Beijing is not so hot as that in Wuhan. 北京没有武汉热。

表示两者的比较时用比较级,通常用“形容词比较级+than”的结构。如:

I am much better than I was yesterday. 我比昨天好多了。

Math is less interesting than English. 数学不如英语有兴趣。

表示一定范围内两者以上的比较时,用最高级,通常用“the + 形容词最高级(+名词)+ of (in) ...”的结构。如:

This is the busiest day of the week. 这是我本周最繁忙的一天。

3. 形容词的比较级和最高级的变化规则:

规则变化:

(1) 单音节词直接在其后面加-er/-est。如:tall-taller-tallest

(2) 以字母e结尾的单音节词在其后面直接加-r/-st。例如:brave-braver-bravest。

(3) 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节,要双写这个辅音字母再加-er/-est。

如:big-bigger-biggest;hot-hotter-hottest。

(4) 以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词,先把y改为i,再加-er/-est。

如:happy-happier-happiest。

(5) 其他双音节词和多音节的词,在前面加more和most。如:

interesting-more interesting-most interesting

不规则变化:

good-better-best bad/ill-worse-worst many/much-more-most

little-less-least far-farther-farthest

4. 形容词的比较级的其他用法:

(1) 两者相比表示倍数的时候用twice (...times) as+原级+as结构。

如:His mistakes are twice as many as yours in the homework.

他家庭作业的错误是你的二倍。

(2) 比较级前面可以用many,much,far,a little,a bit,a lot等词修饰表示程度。

如:The sun is much bigger than the earth. 太阳比地球大多了。

(3) 比较级的前面可以用any和no来修饰。

如:We were too tired to walk any farther. 我们太疲劳了不能再走很远了。

He was no longer a child. 他不再是一个小孩子。

(4) 两个形容词的比较级可以叠加表示“越来越”的意思。

其结构可以是:比较级+and+比较级,而多音节词可以用more and more+比较级结构。

如:The days are getting longer and longer. 天正变得越来越长了。

Your sister becomes more and more beautiful. 你的妹妹变得越来越漂亮了。

(5) 当比较的双方属于同一范围内时候,用other或者else排除自己,因为自己不能和自己比较。

如:Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China. 上海比中国其他的城市大。

如果比较的双方不属于同一范围内时候,则不存在和自己比较的情况,所以可以不用other 或者else。

如:Shanghai is bigger than any city in Heilongjiang. 上海比黑龙江的任何城市都大。

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