(1)To prospectively evaluate the effect of heart rate, malignant
lesions.Performance of needle aspiration
and needle calcification variability, and dual-source localization procedures followed by heart rate
excisional biopsy is computed tomography (CT) image quality and to frequently necessary to
determine the origin of a mammographic finding. prospectively assess diagnostic accuracy of
coronary artery stenosis. by for dual-source CT
the angiography coronary as using invasive 虽然摄影是乳腺癌的形态学标准，乳房可见检测相当reference standard.
敏感，经常不足的恶性病变良性分化性能。穿刺针定前瞻性评价心率、心率变异性及钙化双源计算机断层扫描成像质量的影响及对冠状动脉狭窄的位切除活检程序经常需要确定一个X线发现的起源双源性冠状动脉狭窄诊断的准确性评价。以侵入性冠状动脉造影为参照标准。
(4)Therefore,initiatives have been taken among plays an essential role in the Chest radiography(2)radiation protection authorities to give priority to most and diagnosis of thoracic disease is the investigations of dose levels and frequencies of the examination in radiologic frequently performed X-ray examinations among children. The main more Since United States. the X discovery of rays objective is to establish recommendation of upper have a than century in ago, advances technology dose limits for various diagnostic procedures and to yieled numerous improvements in thoracic imaging. implement minimum requirements for equipment Evolutionary progress in
film-based imaging has led standards. to the development of excellent
screen-film systems specifically designed for chest radiography. 因此，在辐射防护当局之间采取了主动行动，优先考
线摄影中起着至关重要的作用在胸部疾病的诊X胸部虑儿童的剂量水平和频率的调查。主要目标是建立各射线断，是最常用的影像学检查在美国。由于发现X 种诊断程序的上限的建议，并实施设备标准的最低要的一个多世纪前，技术的进步得到了大量的改进，在求。
胸部影像。电影为基础的成像的进化进展，导致了专
门设计用于胸部放射摄影的优秀的屏幕膜系统的发
(5)Thus, the aim of our study was to prospectively 展。evaluate to what extent image quality in 16-detector row CT coronary angiography is a function of the heart rate and image reconstruction technique. 因此，我们的研究的目的是前瞻性评估在何种程度上
的图像质量在16检测器行冠状动脉造影是一个功能mammography is quite sensitive for the (3)although
criteria that detection of breast cancer morphologic 的心脏速率和图像重建技术。frequently are visible mammographically are
from
the for insufficient of differentiation benign
multi-detector row CT coronary angiography and
invasive coronary angiography in grading of
coronary atherosclerosis was investigated with (6)The aim of our study was to prospectively
Spearman correlation analysis. The evaluate the effect of heart rate, heart rate variability, symmetry of
data CT image quality distribution and any underestimation or and calcification on dual-source
overestimation with multi-detector and to prospectively assess the diagnostic accuracy row CT coronary
angiography were checked with the Bowker test. , by of dual-source CT for coronary artery stenosis
using invasive coronary
angiography as the reference standard. 多排螺旋CT冠状动脉造影和冠状动脉造影冠状动脉
评分之间的相关程度进行Spearman本研究的目的是前瞻性评估心脏心率、心率变异性和相关分析研究。数据分布和任何低估或高估与多排钙化对双源的图像质量的影响，并前瞻性评估冠状动CT冠状动脉成像的对称性与对称性检查。脉狭窄的双源断层扫描的诊断准确率，通过使用侵入
性冠状动脉血管造影作为参考标准。
(11)The quality of the images obtained with the
digital flat-panel detector system was rated
significantly superior to the quality of those obtained
with the compare was this (7)The purpose of study to conventional film-screen radiography
system . urinary of the observer performance for detection
with radiographs system calculi using computed
viewing and different formats different display 与数字的平板探测器系统获得的图像的质量被评为显systems.
着优于那些获得与传统的电影屏幕摄影系统的质量。
本研究的目的是比较的观察员性能检测泌尿系统结石
CT的片有不同的显示格式和不同观测系统。(12)In conclusion , our results indicate that in
16-row detector cardiac CT, image quality critically
depends on the choice of a suited reconstruction
interval and reconstruction technique. In patients
with a high heart rate, the best image quality is
observed in end systole and early dual-source a with were studies
(8)CT performed diastole ; in
patients with a without performed were patients all in scanner and lower heart rate, the best image
quality is observed in middiastole. of acquisition to complications.Prior the topogram,
patients received a single dose of 2.5mg of idodine.
.
总之，我们的研究结果表明，在16排探测器心脏断层，对像CT无并发症。检查与所有患者双源扫描仪进行，图像质量的关键取决于一个合适的重建间隔和重建技2.5mg收购之前，患者接受单剂量的碘。术的选择。在患者的高心率、图像质量最好的是在收
缩末期和舒张早期观察；患者心率较低，图像质量最
好的是观察舒张中期。between
correlation
of
degree
10)The
(
数字乳腺X线摄影被认为是“在乳腺癌监控was sets in all data (9)Image reconstruction
方面最具潜力”的技术。在数字乳腺X线摄影中，retrospective using performed by
影像获取、存储、及显示是独立完成的，且使每electrocardiographic gating, a technique that allowed
步最优化。data from volume continuous image reconstruction
Digital mammography is...the X-ray energy sets during any phase of the cardiac cycle Digital mammography is considered to be the most
promising technology in the field of breast cancer 采用回顾性心电门控技术在所有数据集surveillance. In digital mammography, image
acquisition, storage, and display are completed 进行图像重建，技术，允许从体数据重建independently, and make every step of
optimization. 图像连续的心动周期的任何阶段
采用心脏重建算法为16排CT（西门子）配数字系统提供了一个宽广的动态范围，这尤其备的标准心脏软件包进行图像重建。这种算法允线摄影的第一步是数字胸部X适用于胸部成像。许单扇区图像重建时心率低于72/min,双扇区重使用储存荧光板，它能够生成质量足以与传统屏建时心率高于72/min。
在此心率范围然而为了达到相似的对比-片系统向媲美的影像。之间，时间分辨
率呈线性增加和减少。分辨率，需要较高的放射剂量。The adaptive
cardiac volume...72beats per Digital system provides.....contrast resolution minute. Between these heart...and decrease.
The cardiac reconstruction algorithm was Digital systems provide a broad dynamic range, used to reconstruct the image
of 16 slice CT imaging. which is for suitable chest especially (SIEMENS) with standard heart software Digital chest radiography is the first step in the package. This algorithm allows a single sector it can generate use of stored fluorescent panels, image reconstruction when the heart rate is less film screen and enough quality traditional than 72/min, the dual sector reconstruction of system to match the image. However, in order to heart rate is higher than 72/min. In this heart higher resolution, similar achieve contrast rate range, the time resolution increases linearly radiation dose is required. and decreases.
在过去的几年里，空间分辨率和时间分辨率的提高致使高度狭窄、病变
的诊断图像质量更具有层层和16好、准确性更高。因此，64CT改善高心率患
者的图像质量和减少由于重度钙我们的结论：这种新型大面积硅平板探测器的诊
化引起的放射状伪影的潜力。断性的诊断性能在临床胸部成像中等同于或优In
the past....to heavy calcification
于传统屏-片系统，并可取代传统X线照相系统。
We conclude that.......radiographic system the of improvement the few the In past years,
better a to leads temporal and spatial resolution Our conclusion: the diagnostic performance of this image quality and higher accuracy in the diagnosis new type of large area silicon flat panel detector is 64 the Therefore, the of disease. and layer 16
the equivalent to or superior to the traditional screen image to potential the have CT layer improve the film system in clinical chest imaging, and can to heart high with patients the of quality and rate replace the traditional X-ray radiography system. severe reduce artifacts radial the due to
calcification.
放射界十分注重乳腺XCT通过改善时线摄影的质量控制，总的来说，我们证明
了双源并考虑到许多细节如X间分辨率为图像质量提供了一个较广的心率范线
洗片机，屏-片组合、乳腺X线摄影发生器和围，使图像质量从心率的限制中独
立出来。然而X线管。可是，对乳腺X线观片灯及其观片条件考虑的太少。检
查期间的心率变化对图像质量有普遍的影响，
The radiology community 对于图像质量有一个很大的下降。has
focused
much.we demonstrated... .
In conclusion，Radiation attaches great importance to control
CT the dual source that In general, we show the quality of mammography. And takes into
the time through improvement in resolution for account many details such as X-ray
film processor
the range of provides quality of the image a wide and screen film combination, mammography
heart from quality the image make heart rate, the generator and X-ray tube. However, it is too small
rate independent. However, during the examination, to consider the conditions of the breast X-ray film
on have changes a general effect rate the heart and its viewing conditions.
image there quality, image and is a big decline in
quality.
同判图像评价有同样的两个研共究人员读。。。。。所有数据随机进行评估，且重建间隔、重建技术和心率均为盲法评估。评估横断面）薄层最大密度MPRS图像、
多平面重组技术（MIPS）投影技术（Were assessed Image evaluation
was...
Image evaluation has the same interpretation of the
were All two same researchers..... the data
randomly evaluated, and the reconstruction interval,
the reconstruction technique and the heart rate were
of blind by all evaluated the method. Assessment
reconstruction planar images, cross sectional multi
projection density layer thin (MPRS) maximum
technique (MIPS)
计算机断层扫描尿路造影是一个发展中的组合起来应用到概念，是把静脉尿路造
影和CT同一个检查中，因此，只需要单次静脉注射碘对比剂。Computed
tomographic...contrast media
Computed tomography is a developing concept, it is
the combination of intravenous and CT to apply to
single the therefore, examination, same only a
intravenous injection of iodine contrast agent.
第1 页共24 页医学影像学应考笔记 第一章X线成像 一、X线的产生与特性 X线的产生：真空管内高速行进的电子流轰击钨靶时产生的。TX线的特性：1穿透性：X线成像基础； 2荧光效应：透视检查基础； 3感光效应：X线射影基础； 4电离效应：放射治疗基础。 X线成像波长为：0.031~0.008nm 二、X线成像的三个基本条件 1 X线的特征荧光及穿透感光
2人体组织密度和厚度的差异 3显像过程 三、X线图象特点 X线是由黑到白不同灰度的一图像组成的，是灰阶图象。 四、X线检查技术 自然对比：人体组织结构的密度不同，这种组织结构密度上的差别，是产生X线影像对比的基础。 人工对比：对于缺乏自然对比的组织器官，可以认为的引入一定量的在密度上高于或低于它的物质，使之 产生对比。 五、N数字减影血管造影DSA：是运用计算机处理数字影像信息，消除骨骼和软组织，使血管清晰的成像技术。 @ 正常X线不能显示：滋养管、骺板
第2章骨与软骨 第一节检查技术 特点：1有良好的自然对比 2骨关节病诊断必不可少 3检查方法发展快 4病变定位准确，定性困难需要结合临床。 一普通X线检查 透视、射片：首选射片，一般不透视。 射片原则：1正、侧位； 2包括周围软组织和邻近关节、相邻锥体；3必要时加射健侧对照。二造影检查
1关节照影、2血管照影 三CT检查（优点） 1发现骨骼肌肉细小的病变； 2限时复杂的骨关节创伤； 3 X线病可疑病变； 4骨膜增生； 5限时破坏区内部及周围结构。 第二节影像观察与分析 一正常X线表现：（掌握） 小儿骨的结构：骨干、干骺端、骨骺、骺板。主要特点是骺软骨，且未骨化。成人骨的结构：干骺端与骺结合，骺线消失，分骨干、骨端。
High-speed milling High-speed machining is an advanced manufacturing technology, different from the traditional processing methods. The spindle speed, cutting feed rate, cutting a small amount of units within the time of removal of material has increased three to six times. With high efficiency, high precision and high quality surface as the basic characteristics of the automobile industry, aerospace, mold manufacturing and instrumentation industry, such as access to a wide range of applications, has made significant economic benefits, is the contemporary importance of advanced manufacturing technology. For a long time, people die on the processing has been using a grinding or milling EDM (EDM) processing, grinding, polishing methods. Although the high hardness of the EDM machine parts, but the lower the productivity of its application is limited. With the development of high-speed processing technology, used to replace high-speed cutting, grinding and polishing process to die processing has become possible. To shorten the processing cycle, processing and reliable quality assurance, lower processing costs. 1 One of the advantages of high-speed machining High-speed machining as a die-efficient manufacturing, high-quality, low power consumption in an advanced manufacturing technology. In conventional machining in a series of problems has plagued by high-speed machining of the application have been resolved. 1.1 Increase productivity High-speed cutting of the spindle speed, feed rate compared withtraditional machining, in the nature of the leap, the metal removal rate increased 30 percent to 40 percent, cutting force reduced by 30 percent, the cutting tool life increased by 70% . Hardened parts can be processed, a fixture in many parts to be completed rough, semi-finishing and fine, and all other processes, the complex can reach parts of the surface quality requirements, thus increasing the processing productivity and competitiveness of products in the market. 1.2 Improve processing accuracy and surface quality High-speed machines generally have high rigidity and precision, and other characteristics, processing, cutting the depth of small, fast and feed, cutting force low, the workpiece to reduce heat distortion, and high precision machining, surface roughness small. Milling will be no high-speed processing and milling marks the surface so that the parts greatly enhance the quality of the surface. Processing Aluminum when up Ra0.40.6um, pieces of steel processing at up to Ra0.2 ~ 0.4um.
五年制《医学影像学》教学大纲 刖言 “医学影像学”包括X线、DSA CT MR、DSA介入、超声和丫闪烁摄影等，是一门独立而成熟的学科。超声另编，丫闪烁摄影等在其他学科讲授，但在总论中应予介绍，使学生有完整的概念。 放射诊断学是利用放射线进行疾病诊断的一门学科。本教材主要是X线诊断，顺应医学影像学 的发展，增加了有关电子计算机体层摄影（CT、磁共振（MRD诊断和介入放射学等内容的比重，并介绍近年来发展的信息放射学。 学生学习的重点是本专业的基础理论、基本知识和基本技能。教学内容以三基即总论、各系统的正常X 线、CT MR表现和基本病变X线、CT MR表现为主，并适当编入部分疾病的X线、CT MRI 诊断，以保持本学科的系统性、完整性。 课堂讲授与见习的比例为2：1（36：18）第一篇总论 ［目的要求］ 一、掌握X线、CT MR诊断学应用原理和概况。 二、熟悉常用的X线、CT MR检查方法及其在临床工作中的正确使用。 三、了解X线、CT MR诊断的方法、原则、价值、限度和地位。 四、了解数字化X线成像、图像存档与传输系统、信息放射学的基本原理与临床应用。 ［教学时数］理论课：3学时。 ［教学内容］ 阐明“医学影像学”已成为一门独立的、成熟的临床学科，主要包括X线、超声、CT MR、丫闪烁摄影诊断及介入放射学等。目前，本学科重度讲授X线、CT MR诊断和介入放射学。X线诊断学是应用X线的特性通过摄影研究人体解剖结构、生理功能及病理变化进行诊断的一门临床学科。 第一章X线成像 第一节X线成像 一、X线的产生和特性 1)X线产生的三个基本条件 2)X线的特性：穿透性、感光性、荧光作用、电离作用 二、X线成像基本原理
XX医学影像技术实习心得 医学影像这门课程正是使我们了解数字信息技术等在临床上是如何应用的一个平台。以下是XX收集的《医学影像技术实习心得》，仅供大家阅读参考! 医学影像技术实习心得专业名称：医学影像技术 所在班级： 12级医学影像(2)班 学生姓名：杨晓芳学号，XX202977 实习单位：铜川市矿务局中心医院 实习时间： XX年 6月18 日至 XX年 4月26 日 一、对医学影像的了解简述： 自1895年德国物理学家伦琴发现X线以后不久，在医学上，X线都被应用于人体检查，进行疾病诊断，形成了放射诊断学。随着科学技术的进步，由X线所形成的放射诊断也在不断发展，相继出现了电子计算机断层扫描(CT)、数字减影血管造影(DSA)、数字X线摄影(CR)、核磁共振成像(MRI)、介入放射学，加上超声、核素扫描，组成了医学影像学。 医学影像学是应用基础医学与临床医学对疾病进行影像学诊断和治疗的新兴科学，它具有多学科的相互交叉与渗透，是一门综合性很强的学科。在诊断疾病方面，影像学是通过影像技术手段获得人体组织器官形态和功能改变的信息，结合临床有关资料进行综合分析作出诊断。而影像(介
入性)治疗是在影像的监视下，利用导管或穿刺技术，对病变进行治疗或获得组织学、细胞学、生化或生理资料，以明确病变的性质。疾病的影像学诊断与基础医学、临床医学关系极为密切，如大叶肺炎，病理分为充血期、红色肝变期、灰色肝变期、消散期。在充血期，可有明显的临床表现，如发冷、发热，白细胞升高，但此期影像学(X表 现)为阴性;在红色、灰肝变期，X线表现为大片状形态与解剖肺叶一致的典型致密影;在消散期，表现为散在斑片状致密阴形，若病人病程处在此期就诊，X线表现无法与肺结核区别，只有通过结合病史病程经过、实验室检查资料，进行综合分析，才可能获得正确的诊断。以上例子说明，医学影像学人才首先必须具备良好的基础医学和临床医学知识，可以说，一个影像学医师首先应是一个临床科的医师，在此基础上再深入扎实地学习影像专业的知识。这便决定了我们的教学内容，即：基础医学、临床医学、医学影像学。此外，结合本专业的发展情况，外语、医学电子学、计算机的医学应用也是学习的重要内容。医学影像学专业课的内容应包括各种影像仪器的操作，各种疾病影像学表现、诊断和介入影像学。一个高质量的影像学人才必须是熟练地操作各种仪器的能手，才能从中捕捉到更多对诊断有用的影像信息。在介人性治疗中，操作尤为显得重要，否则，就不可能把导管或穿刺针送到靶器官或组织内去完成相应的治疗或诊断，
英语原文 NUMERICAL CONTROL Numerical control(N/C)is a form of programmable automation in which the processing equipment is controlled by means of numbers, letters, and other symbols, The numbers, letters, and symbols are coded in an appropriate format to define a program of instructions for a particular work part or job. When the job changes, the program of instructions is changed. The capability to change the program is what makes N/C suitable for low-and medium-volume production. It is much easier to write programs than to make major alterations of the processing equipment. There are two basic types of numerically controlled machine tools：point—to—point and continuous—path(also called contouring).Point—to—point machines use unsynchronized motors, with the result that the position of the machining head Can be assured only upon completion of a movement, or while only one motor is running. Machines of this type are principally used for straight—line cuts or for drilling or boring. The N/C system consists of the following components：data input, the tape reader with the control unit, feedback devices, and the metal—cutting machine tool or other type of N/C equipment. Data input, also called “man—to—control link”,may be provided to the machine tool manually, or entirely by automatic means. Manual methods when used as the sole source of input data are restricted to a relatively small number of inputs. Examples of manually operated devices are keyboard dials, pushbuttons, switches, or thumbwheel selectors. These are located on a console near the machine. Dials ale analog devices usually connected to a syn-chro-type resolver or potentiometer. In most cases, pushbuttons, switches, and other similar types of selectors are digital input devices. Manual input requires that the operator set the controls for each operation. It is a slow and tedious process and is seldom justified except in elementary machining applications or in special cases. In practically all cases, information is automatically supplied to the control unit and the machine tool by cards, punched tapes, or by magnetic tape. Eight—channel punched paper tape is the most commonly used form of data input for conventional N/C systems. The coded instructions on the tape consist of sections of punched holes called blocks. Each block represents a machine function, a machining operation, or a combination of the two. The entire N/C program on a tape is made up of an accumulation of these successive data blocks. Programs resulting in long tapes all wound on reels like motion-picture film. Programs on relatively short tapes may be continuously repeated by joining the two ends of the tape to form a loop. Once installed, the tape is used again and again without further handling. In this case, the operator simply loads and
医学影像技术职业生涯 规划书 文稿归稿存档编号：[KKUY-KKIO69-OTM243-OLUI129-G00I-FDQS58-
医学影像职业生涯规划书 目录 1自我认知 1.1职业生涯规划测评 1.2360度评估 1.3橱窗分析法 1.4自我认知小结 2职业认知 2.1外部环境分析 2.2目标职业分析 2.3职业素质测评 2.4SWOT分析 2.5职业认知小结 3职业生涯规划设计 3.1确定目标和路径·计划 3.2动态分析调整 3.3职业规划结束语 一、自我认知 1、职业生涯规划测评
我一直在想，人生在世的意义是什么？只要浑浑噩噩地走一遭就可以了吗？这显然是不行。我认为我们在世至少要实现自己的梦想，即使不能，也应该为之而奋斗，而追逐。实现梦想有很多途径，但我认为至少要一个基点，这个基点就是职业。 如果我们想为患者减轻痛苦，我们可以以医生为职业；如果我们富有正义感，想为受害者讨回公道，我们便可以以律师为职业……但关键是我们很多人不知道自己的梦想、不知道自己的目标。即使有些人知道自己的梦想，但如果梦想高于自身条件是，不管怎样奋斗都徒劳无功，只能徒添伤心。所以我们需要为自己做一份职业规划书，通过对自己梦想、能力等的分析，确定适合自己的职业目标。确定好后，我们便要勇往直前。我们要记住，要想实现梦想，就得吃得苦中苦，方为人上人。 我写这份职业规划书，就是为了使自己对以后人生的发展道路有一定目的性和明确性。我觉得这非常有意义。 2、360度评估
3、橱窗分析法： 橱窗1：“公开我”：我的一般学习能力较高，英语能力较高（我的英语学得比较好），空间判断能力一般（我有点喜爱立面几何，并学得不是很好，空间想象能力很一般，解题时常需要借助建立坐标系）形态知觉能力一般。 橱窗2：“隐藏我”：愿意使用工具从事操作性工作；动手能力强，做事手脚灵活，动作协调；不善言辞，不善交际。 橱窗3：“潜在我”:抽象思维能力强，求知欲强，肯动脑，善思考，不愿动手；喜欢独立的和富有创造性的工作；知识渊博，有学识才能.
医学影像常见英语词汇头部急诊平扫 Emergent Head Scan 头部急诊增强 Emergent Head Enhanced Scan 头部平扫 Head Routine Scan 头部增强 Head Enhanced Scan 眼部平扫 Orbits Routine Scan 眼部增强 Orbits Enhanced Scan 内耳平扫 Inner Ear Routine Scan 内耳增强 Inner Ear Enhanced Scan 乳突平扫 Mastoid Routine Scan 乳突增强 Mastoid Enhanced Scan 蝶鞍平扫 Sella Routine Scan 蝶鞍增强 Sella Enhanced Scan 鼻窦轴位平扫 Sinus Axial Routine Scan 鼻窦轴位增强 Sinus Axial Enhanced Scan 鼻窦冠位平扫 Sinus Coronal Scan 鼻窦冠位增强 Sinus Coronal Enhanced Scan 鼻咽平扫 Nasopharynx Routine Scan 鼻咽增强 Nasopharynx Enhanced Scan 腮腺平扫 Parotid Routine Scan 腮腺增强 Parotid Enhanced Scan 喉平扫 Larynx Routine Scan
喉增强 Larynx Enhanced Scan 甲状腺平扫 Hypothyroid Routine Scan 甲状腺增强 Hypothyroid Enhanced Scan 颈部平扫 Neck Routine Scan 颈部增强 Neck Enhanced Scan 肺栓塞扫描 Lung Embolism Scan 胸腺平扫 Thymus Routine Scan 胸腺增强 Thymus Enhanced Scan 胸骨平扫 Sternum Routine Scan 胸骨增强 Sternum Enhanced Scan 胸部平扫 Chest Routine Scan 胸部薄层扫描 High Resolution Chest Scan 胸部增强 Chest Enhanced Scan 胸部穿刺 Chest Puncture Scan 轴扫胸部穿刺 Axial Chest Punture Scan 上腹部平扫 Upper-Abdomen Routine Scan 中腹部平扫 Mid-Abdomen Routine Scan 上腹部增强 Upper-Abdomen Routine Enhanced Scan 中腹部增强 Mid-Abdomen Routine Scan 腹部穿刺 Abdomen Puncture Scan 轴扫腹部穿刺 Axial Abdomen Puncture Scan 颈椎平扫 C-spine Routine Scan
What is Hydraulic? A complete hydraulic system consists of five parts, namely, power components, the implementation of components, control components, no parts and hydraulic oil. The role of dynamic components of the original motive fluid into mechanical energy to the pressure that the hydraulic system of pumps, it is to power the entire hydraulic system. The structure of the form of hydraulic pump gears are generally pump, vane pump and piston pump. Implementation of components (such as hydraulic cylinders and hydraulic motors) which is the pressure of the liquid can be converted to mechanical energy to drive the load for a straight line reciprocating movement or rotational movement. Control components (that is, the various hydraulic valves) in the hydraulic system to control and regulate the pressure of liquid, flow rate and direction. According to the different control functions, hydraulic valves can be divided into the village of force control valve, flow control valves and directional control valve. Pressure control valves are divided into benefits flow valve (safety valve), pressure relief valve, sequence valve, pressure relays, etc.; flow control valves including throttle, adjusting the valves, flow diversion valve sets, etc.; directional control valve includes a one-way valve , one-way fluid control valve, shuttle valve, valve and so on. Under the control of different ways, can be divided into the hydraulic valve control switch valve, control valve and set the value of the ratio control valve. Auxiliary components, including fuel tanks, oil filters, tubing and pipe joints, seals, pressure gauge, oil level, such as oil dollars. Hydraulic oil in the hydraulic system is the work of the energy transfer medium, there are a variety of mineral oil, emulsion oil hydraulic molding Hop categories. Hydraulic principle It consists of two cylinders of different sizes and composition of fluid in the fluid full of water or oil. Water is called "hydraulic press"; the said oil-filled "hydraulic machine." Each of the two liquid a sliding piston, if the increase in the small piston on the pressure of a certain value, according to Pascal's law, small piston to the pressure of the pressure through the liquid passed to the large piston, piston top will go a long way to go. Based cross-sectional area of the small piston is S1, plus a small piston in the downward pressure on the F1. Thus, a small piston on the liquid pressure to P = F1/SI,Can be the same size in all directions to the transmission of liquid. "By the large piston is also equivalent to the inevitable pressure P. If the large piston is the cross-sectional area S2, the pressure P on the piston in the upward pressure generated F2 = PxS2 Cross-sectional area is a small multiple of the piston cross-sectional area. From the type known to add in a small piston of a smaller force, the piston will be in great force, for which the hydraulic machine used to suppress plywood, oil, extract heavy objects, such as forging steel. History of the development of hydraulic
医学影像职业生涯规划书 目录 1自我认知 1.1职业生涯规划测评 1.2360 度评估 1.3橱窗分析法 1.4自我认知小结 2职业认知 2.1外部环境分析 2.2目标职业分析 2.3职业素质测评 2.4SWOT 分析 2.5职业认知小结 3职业生涯规划设计 3.1 确定目标和路径·计划 3.2 动态分析调整 3.3职业规划结束语
一、自我认知 1、职业生涯规划测评 我一直在想，人生在世的意义是什么？只要浑浑噩噩地走一遭就可以了吗？这显然是不行。我认为我们在世至少要实现自己的梦想，即使不能，也应该为之而奋斗，而追逐。实现梦想有很多途径，但我认为至少要一个基点，这个基点就是职业。 如果我们想为患者减轻痛苦，我们可以以医生为职业；如果我们富有正义感，想为受害者讨回公道，我们便可以以律师为职业??但关键是我们很多人不知道自己的梦想、不知道自己的目标。即使有些人知道自己的梦想，但如果梦想高于自身条件是，不管怎样奋斗都徒劳无功，只能徒添伤心。所以我们需要为自己做一份职业规划书，通过对自己梦想、能力等的分析，确定适合自己的职业目标。确定好后，我们便要勇往直前。我们要记住，要想实现梦想，就得吃得苦中苦，方为人上人。 我写这份职业规划书，就是为了使自己对以后人生的发展道路有一定目的性和明确性。我觉得这非常有意义。
2、360 度评估
3、橱窗分析法： 橱窗1：“公开我”：我的一般学习能力较高，英语能力较高（我的英语学得比较好），空间判断能力一般（我有点喜爱立面几何，并学得不是很好，空间想象能力很一般，解题时常需要借助建立坐标系）形态知觉能力一般。 橱窗2：“隐藏我”：愿意使用工具从事操作性工作；动手能力强，做事手脚灵活，动作协调；不善言辞，不善交际。 橱窗3：“潜在我” : 抽象思维能力强，求知欲强，肯动脑，善思考，不愿动手；喜欢独立的和富有创造性的工作；知识渊博，有学识才能. 橱窗4：“背脊我” : 喜欢以各种艺术形式的创作来表现自己的才能，实现自身的价值；具有特殊艺术才能和个性；乐于创造新颖的、与众不同的艺术成果，渴望表现自己的个性。 4自我认知小结：由优劣势能力比较知我并不太适合创业，所以我决定舍 弃我的创业梦想。根据职业能力与个人特质知我最适合且最能胜任会计、办公室人员这些工作，也比较适合医学类工作，但并不适合当临床医生（因为临床医生对空间判断能力要求很高，但我所具备的空间判断能力却一般）但我现在所学的专业是影像专业，而我又非常想当医生，所以我想继续学下去，如果经过我的一番努力学习，我的专业知识很差，，我再考虑转专业。（但我相信勤能补拙，通过我的努力学习，我一定会成为一个好的医师的。 二、职业认知 1、外部环境分析 家庭环境分析：1）经济状况：家庭并不富裕，所以他们并不能对我的就业有所帮助，一切要靠我自己 2）家人期望：父母希望我能学有所成，在大城市找一份稳定的工作，每个月工资有4000 元左右就行了 3）对我的影响：父亲送我读书颇不容易，所以我只能将来能找份工资
Chest plain film/plain chest radiography 胸部平片Posteroanterior 后前位 Left-lateral 左侧位 Contour 轮廓 Symmetric 对称 Lung field 肺野 Lung marking 肺纹理 Lesion 病变 Lung hilar 肺门 Mediastinum 胸廓 Diaphragm 膈肌 Rib 肋骨 Round-shaped 类圆形的 Mass 团块 Post-basic segment 后基底段 Lobulated-edge 边缘分叶 Well-defined margin 边界清楚 ill-define margin 边缘不清vague margin Homogeneous attenuation 密度均匀 Thoracic vertebraes 胸椎 Obstructive atelectasis 阻塞性肺不张 Sign of “recersal S”反S征 Bilateral 双侧的 Cloud-shaped areas 大片密度增高区域 Piece-like high attunuation 片状高密度Pulmonary edema 肺水肿 Node 结节 Acute miliary tuberculosis 急性粟粒性肺结核Anteroposterior abdomen plain film 腹部平片Supine overhead projection 仰卧前后位投照Radiopaque foreign body 不透光异物 Stone 结石 Liver 肝gallbladder 胆kidney 肾 Bowel 肠 Distension 扩张 Free gas 游离气体 Vertebrate and pelvis bone 腰椎和骨盆 Plain film of pelvis 骨盆平片 Acetabulun 髋臼 Hip joint 髋关节 Bone destruction 骨质破坏 Femoral head 股骨头 The left hip joint space 左髋关节间隙Osteoporosis 骨质疏松
Influence of Hot Press Forming Techniques on Properties of Vehicle High Strength Steels CHANG Ying, MENG Zhaohuan, YING Liang, LI Xiaodong , MA Ning, HU Ping ( Scho ol of Automotive Engineering , State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China) Abstract:Based on the combination of materials science and mechanicalengineering ,hotpress forming process of the vehicle high strength steels was analyzed. The hot forming processinclud -ed: heating alloy srapidly to austenite micr ostructures, stamping and cooling timely,maintaining pressur eand quenching . The results showed that most of austenite micr ostructure w as changed into uniform mar tensite by the hot press form ing while the samples were heatedat 900 。C and quenched. The optimal tensile strength and yield streng th were up to 1530 MPa and 1000 MPa, respectively, and the shape deformation reached about 23% . And springback defect did not happ -en in the samples. Key words: high streng th steel; lightw eight ; hot forming ; martensite As an effective economical energy measure, the lightw eight dev elo pment dir ection of automo -bile has become one of the most important research subjects in the automotive industry. There are three major ways to achieve automobile light weight : optimizing vehicle frames and struc- tures; making vehicle bodyor f rame of new and alternativ ematerials to reduce the vehicle mass ( The high and ultra high strength steel can be used as alternative materials because of its thinner thickness) ; adopting advanced manufacturing techniques for the sake of automobile light wei- ght , such as thickness-gradient high strength steel (HSS) or metal based compound plates by con -tinuous pressing or hot press forming [ 1] . Although HSS has been applied in some domestic top grade vehicles, the key producing technologies have always been dominated by foreign compan- ies, such as Acelor Company, so as to raise the product cost obviously. By domestic self-designed hot press forming techniques and water-cooling mould, the automo bile HSS can be produced to subst itute foreign vehicle parts. In general, with the enhancement of steel blank，s mechanical strength, its formability is worsened dramatically. It is difficult to apply the traditional cold stamping technolog y into the f ield of pressing HSS. Thus, the hot stamping technology of martensit icsteel blank is applied as a new technology , which combines metal thermoplast ic forming metho d and water-cooling mould quenching principle. In this paper, boro n steel blank was formed and water-cooling mould was quenched simultane ously during the process of hot stamping . Compared with original automobile pearlite steel[ 2] , the automobile HSS obtained by advanced hot press forming technique can reduce about 30% of the total vehicle mass and achieve complex g eomet ries, high security and mechanical st reng th. The r easo n is that austenite microst