（英语）高二英语阅读理解专项训练及答案及解析
一、高中英语阅读理解
1．阅读理解
Just a few years out of law school, I decided that I wanted to write fictions. The only thing I had ever published before was a law-review article. I had made great efforts to write when I came home at night after work, but I was too tired. I decided to quit my job.
I began my new life on a February morning. I sat down at my kitchen table at 7:30 am and made a resolution. Every day I would write until lunchtime. Then I would lie down on the floor for 20 minutes to rest my mind. After that, I would return to work for a few more hours.
In my first year, I sold two stories. Then I wrote a novel, but I thought it wasn't good enough, so I ended up putting it in a drawer. My second novel, Billy Lynn's Long Halftime Walk, was published to glowing reviews and received the National Book Critics Circle Award for fiction.
My success sounds like a familiar story, but actually it was far from sudden. I quit my job, and for every story I published in those years, I had at least 30 rejections. The novel that I put away in the drawer took my four years. My breakthrough came in 2006, 18 years after I first sat down to write at my kitchen table.
Sometimes genius (天才) is just the thing that comes out after 20 years of working at your kitchen. Also, doing something truly creative requires the energy of youth. Orson Welles made his masterpiece, Citizen Kan, at 25. T. S. Eliot wrote The Love Song of J. Afred Prufrock at 23.
（1）When did the author decide to devote himself to writing fictions?
A. When he was tired from his work.
B. Straight after graduation from law school.
C. On being informed his law-review article came out.
D. When his hobby was disturbed by his work.
（2）We can infer from the second paragraph that the author .
A. led a wealthy life
B. arranged his life reasonably
C. was too diligent to relax himself
D. remained single
（3）What does the author mainly intend to tell us in this passage?
A. Failure is the mother of success.
B. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
C. It is never too old to learn.
D. It is the first step that costs troublesome.
（4）Why did the author give the example of Orson Welles and T. S. Eliot?
A. To make a comparison between them and himself.
B. To show creativity needs energy and efforts.
C. To persuade the readers of their great talents.
D. To recommend their two masterpieces.【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者通过讲述自己成功的经历，进一步证实了“失败是成功之母”的道理。
(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“I had made great efforts to write when I came home at
night after work, but I was too tired. I decided to quit my job.”可知，当他的爱好被他的工作打扰时，作者决定投身于写作小说。故选D。
(2)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“I began my new life on a February morning. I sat down at my kitchen table at 7:30 am and made a resolution. Every day I would write until lunchtime. Then I would lie down on the floor for 20 minutes to rest my mind. After that, I would return to work for a few more hours.”可知，我们可以从第二段推断出作者合理安排了他的生活。故选B。
(3)考查目的意图。根据第四段中的“My success sounds like a familiar story, but a ctually it was far from sudden. I quit my job, and for every story I published in those years, I had at least 30 rejections. The novel that I put away in the drawer took my four years. My breakthrough came in 2006, 18 years after I first sat down to write at my kitchen table.”可推知，失败是成功之母。故选A。
(4)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Sometimes genius (天才) is just the thing that comes out after 20 years of working at your kitchen. Also, doing something truly creative requires the energy of youth. Orson Welles made his masterpiece, Citizen Kan, at 25. T. S. Eliot wrote The Love Song of J. Afred Prufrock at 23.”可知，作者引用Orson Welles and T. S. Eliot的例子是为了要表现出创造力需要能量和努力。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和目的意图三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确掌握捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解
Basic information about three classical movies
1 Forrest Gump
"Stupid is as stupid does," says Forrest Gump (played by Tom Hanks in an Oscar-winning performance) as he discusses his relative level of intelligence with a stranger while waiting for a bus. Despite his sub-normal IQ, Gump leads a truly charmed life, with a ringside seat for many of the most memorable events of the second half of the 20th century... (Click here to show more)
Rating: PG-13 (Under 13 requires accompanying parent or adult guardian)
Genre: Comedy, Drama, Romance
Directed By: Robert Zemeckis
Written By: Eric Roth
In Theaters: Jul 6, 1994 Wide
On Disc/Streaming: Aug 28, 2001
Box Office： $ 330,000,000
Runtime: 142 minutes
Studio: Paramount Pictures
2 Rain Man
Self-centered, avaricious Californian Charlie Babbitt (Tom Cruise) is informed that his long-estranged father has died. Expecting at least a portion of the elder Babbitt's $ 3 million estate, Charlie learns that all he's inherited is his dad's prize roses and a 1949 Buick Roadmaster. Discovering that the $ 3 million is being held in trust for an unidentified party, Charlie heads to his home town of Cincinnati to ascertain who that party is…(Click here to show more)
Rating: R(Under 17 requires accompanying parent or adult guardian)
Genre: Drama
Directed By: Barry Levinson
Written By: Ronald Bass, Barry Morrow, David Rayfiel, Barry Levinson
In Theaters: Dec 16, 1988 Wide
On Disc/Streaming: Jan 1, 2000
Runtime: 133 minutes
Studio: MGM
3 The Shawshank Redemption
In 1946, a banker named Andy Dufresne (Tim Robbins) is convicted of a double murder, even though he stubbornly proclaims his innocence. He's sentenced to a life term at the Shawshank State Prison in Maine, where another lifer, Ellis "Red" Redding (Morgan Freeman), picks him as the new recruit most likely to crack under the pressure. But... (Click here to show more)
Rating: R (Under 17 requires accompanying parent or adult guardian)
Genre: A Prison Drama
Directed By: Frank Darabont
Written By: Frank Darabont
In Theaters: Sep 10, 1994 Wide
On Disc/Streaming: Jan 27, 1998
Runtime: 142 minutes
Studio: Columbia Pictures
（1）Who is the director of Rain Man?
A.Frank Darabont.
B.Barry Morrow.
C.Barry Levinson
D.Robert Zemeckis.
（2）The type of The Shawshank Redemption is .
A.prison drama
B.romance
C.love
https://www.doczj.com/doc/7818687234.html,edy
（3）Which of the following persons is regarded to be unintelligent in the three movies?
A.Andy Dufresne.
B.Charlie Babbitt.
C.Forrest Gump.
D.Rain Man.
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了三部经典电影的基本情况。这三部电影是《阿甘正传》、《雨人》和《肖申克的救赎》。
（1）考查细节理解。根据Rain Man部分中的“Directed By:Barry Levinson”可知，Rain Man 的导演是Barry Levinson。故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据The Shaw shank Redemption部分中的“Genre: A Prison Drama，”可知，The Shaw shank Redemption电影的体裁是A Prison Drama监狱剧，故选A。
（3）考查细节理解。根据Forrest Gump部分中的"‘Stupid is as stupid does,’says Forrest Gump ... Despite his sub-normal IQ, Gump leads a truly charmed life.“傻人有傻福”阿甘（Forrest Gump）的饰演者汤姆·汉克斯说...。尽管他(阿甘)的智商低于正常水平，阿甘过着一种真正令人神往的生活。可知，阿甘的智力不高，所以不聪明。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
3．阅读理解
Everybody, at some point in their lives, has experienced failure. It could be something as simple as not getting the job you wanted, or getting fewer marks even after hard work. But what makes
you is not your failure, but how you get back up after being hit.
Once, a young school boy was caught in a fire accident in his school and was assumed that he would not live. His mother was told that he was sure to die, for the terrible fire had destroyed the lower half of his body. Even if he were to survive, he would be lame throughout his life.
But the brave boy did not want to die nor did he want to be lame. Much to the amazement of the doctor, he did survive. But unfortunately from his waist down, he had no motor ability. His thin legs just hung there, lifeless. Eventually he left the hospital. But his determination to walk was unshakable. At home, when he was not in bed, he had to stay in a wheelchair. One day, he threw himself from the chair and pulled himself across the grass, dragging his legs behind him. He reached the fence, raised himself up and then began dragging himself along the fence, firmly determined. He did this every day, with faith in himself that he would be able to walk unaided. With his iron determination, he did develop the ability to stand up, then to walk on and off, then to walk by himself and then to run.
He began to walk to school, and then run to school, to run for the joy of running. Later in college he was on the track team.
In February 1934, in New York City's Madison Square Garden, this young man who was not expected to survive, who would surely never walk, who could never hope to run-this determined young man, Dr. Glenn Cunningham, ran the world's fastest mile.
A good example of the power of positive thinking and faith in one's self, Glenn Cunningham continues to be an inspiration for many, and his story, a brilliant evidence to how one can bounce back even when all difficulties are piled against one, to the degree that death seemed the preferable option.
（1）The first paragraph is intended to ________.
A. present an argument
B. make preparations for statement
C. arouse readers' interest
D. function as a brief introduction
（2）What was the doctor's opinion about Glenn?
A. Glenn was able to walk with his own great effort.
B. Great determination could make a difference to Glenn.
C. There was a slim chance that Glenn could survive.
D. Glenn could live a normal life with the upper halt" of his body.
（3）What do we know about Glenn?
A. Glenn took recovery exercise in hospital.
B. Glenn inspired people with his moving story.
C. Glenn won the first place in Marathon.
D. Glenn organized a track team in college.
（4）What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Strengthen determination
B. Stand up after failure
C. Go after dreams
D. Face difficulty bravely
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）B
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。每个人在人生的某个阶段都经历过失败。文章通过
Glenn幸存的故事，告诉我们“让你成功的不是你的失败，而是你如何在被打击后重新站起来。”
（1）推理判断题。根据第一段中Everybody, at some point in their lives, has experienced failure. 和 But what makes you is not your failure, but how you get back up after being hit.可知，第一段的作用是作一个简短的介绍。故选D。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段中Much to the amazement of the doctor, he did survive.可知，医生认为Glenn生还的机会很小。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段中A good example of the power of positive thinking and faith in one's self, Glenn Cunningham continues to be an inspiration for many,可知，Glenn以他感人的故事激励人们。故选B。
（4）主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句But what makes you is not your failure, but how you get back up after being hit.“让你成功的不是你的失败，而是你如何在被打击后重新站起来。”可知本文最佳主题是B项Stand up after failure。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇议论类阅读，阅读时首先要弄清楚作者要证明什么观点，然后用什么样的论据进行怎样的分析，最后得出了什么的结论，理清了线索，理解文章就不是问题。看题时注意确定关键词，然后在文章中定位，找到与选项一致的内容，就可以轻松的确定答案。
4．阅读理解
One of my first memories as a child in the 1950s was a discussion I had with my brother in our tiny bedroom in the family house in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania.
We had heard in school about a planet called Pluto. It was the farthest, coldest, and darkest thing a child could imagine. We guessed how long it would take to die if we stood on the surface of such a frozen place wearing only the clothes we had on. We tried to figure out how much colder Pluto was than Antarctica, or than the coldest day we had ever experienced in Pennsylvania.
Pluto, which famously was downgraded from a “major planet” to a “dwarf planet”（矮星） in 2006, captured our imagination because it was a mystery that could complete our picture of what it was like at the most remote corners of our solar system.
Pluto's underdog discovery story is part of what makes it so attractive. Clyde Tombaugh was a Kansas farm boy who built telescopes out of spare auto parts, old farm equipment and self-ground lenses. As an assistant at Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona, Tombaugh's task was to search millions of stars for a moving point of light, a planet that the observatory's founder thought existed beyond the orbit of Neptune. On February 18，1930，Tombaugh found it. Pluto was the first planet discovered by an American, and represented a moment of light in the midst of the Great Depression's dark encroachment (入侵).
Pluto is much more than something that is not a planet. It's a reminder that there are many worlds out there beyond our own and that the sky isn't the limit at all. We don't know what kinds
of fantastic variations on a theme nature is capable of making until we get there to look.
（1）Why did Pluto become famous in 2006 according to the passage?
A. Because it lost its major planet status.
B. Because it disappeared in the sky.
C. Because it was discovered by an American.
D. Because it was proved to be the coldest planet in the universe.
（2）What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. An American Scientist: Clyde Tombaugh
B. Pluto was First Discovered by a Boy
C. Pluto's Strange Romance
D. The Days I Spent with My Brother in Pennsylvania
（3）What can we learn from the fourth paragraph?
A. Clyde Tombaugh discovered the darkness in the Great Depression.
B. Pluto was the only planet that was discovered by Clyde Tombaugh.
C. Clyde Tombaugh's job was to build telescopes for Lowell Observatory.
D. Clyde Tombaugh's telescopes used for searching stars were very simple.
（4）What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph most probably mean?
A. Pluto is no less than a planet in the solar system.
B. Pluto is much more than a planet in the solar system.
C. Pluto is more important than any other planet in the sky.
D. Pluto is not a planet in the solar system, but it is more than a planet.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）D
（4）D
【解析】【分析】文章讲述了小时候作者对冥王星的认识，以及冥王星被发现和被从太阳系去除的经过，更表现了冥王星的神秘和魅力，这使作者认识到宇宙是无穷的，也是不断变化的，需要我们不停去探索。
( 1 )推理判断题。根据第三段Pluto, which famously was downgraded from a “major planet” to a “dwarf planet”（矮星）in 2006, captured our imagination because it was a mystery that could complete our picture of what it was like at the most remote corners of our solar system可知，在2006年冥王星被从太阳系大行星中被去除，失去了其大行星地位，故选A。
( 2 )主旨大意题。文章主要讲述的是冥王星的被发现和被从太阳系去除的经过，更表现了它的神秘和魅力。C项“冥王星的奇怪浪漫史”概括全文，故选C。
( 3 )推理判断题。根据第四段Clyde Tombaugh was a Kansas farm boy who built telescopes out
of spare auto parts, old farm equipment and self-ground lenses.和On February 18，1930，Tombaugh found it. Pluto was the first planet discovered by an American, and represented a moment of light in the midst of the Great Depression's dark encroachment (入侵).可知，是Clyde Tombaugh用他简陋的仪器发现了冥王星，成了第一个发现行星的美国人，并且给黑暗的大萧条时期带来了一线光明。故选D。
( 4 )猜测句意题。此句指冥王星的发现并不仅仅是一颗行星，它还让我们知道了宇宙无限大，天空根本不是极限，它们是不断变化的需要我们去探索。故选D。
【点评】考查科普类短文阅读。
5．阅读理解
Since 2013, Torobo, a robotic arm designed to test the limits of artificial intelligence, has had one ambition—to be admitted to the University of Tokyo. However, it has repeatedly failed. This year was no exception.
In early November Torobo took an exam to prepare for an all-important standardized test. While Torobo's total score of 525 out of 950 was 14 points higher than in 2015，its standard score of 57.1% was slightly lower, because human students did better in the 2016 test.
Though the score，which is higher than the national average, is enough to get the robot admitted to many other famous Japanese universities,
it falls short of the minimum required for the University of Tokyo.
A closer analysis of the results showed that Torobo's newly programmed ability to solve complex physics problems helped increase its
year-over-year physics score from 46. 5% to 59%. The robot also dug deep into its database of information from textbooks and websites to obtain
an impressive 66.3% in world history. The average 60% scores acquired in the two math sections, were not too shabby either.
But，while Torobo is able to handle knowledge-based questions and ones involving complex mathematical calculations, it has a hard time thinking independently. As a result, the robot is unable to fully understand multiple sentences and phrases to arrive at the logical conclusions required in the English language tests. This weakness was reflected in the weak oral and writing scores, which came in at 36.2% and 50.5%, respectively.
Fortunately, after four tiring years, the robot's creators have decided to free Torobo from its annual test-taking suffering, the research team will instead focus on improving the robot's ability to pick out specific answers from massive sets of data—a skill that led to its excellent history scores. They believe the expertise(专业技术）will help Torobo succeed as an industrial robot. （1）What is the disadvantage of Torobo?
A. It has much difficulty searching for facts.
B. It doesn't own language skills.
C. It has weak independent thinking ability.
D. It couldn't get through the exams.
（2）What does the underlined word “it” in the third paragraph refer to?
A. the score
B. Torobo
C. the University of Tokyo
D. the national average （3）What did the exam results show?
A. Torobo's score didn't reach the national average.
B. Torobo's programmed ability improved its math score.
C. Torobo was admitted to a university.
D. Torobo did well in the history exam.
（4）What is the text mainly about?
A. Subjects a robot are good at.
B. A robot's performances in exams.
C. Majors that are suitable for a robot.
D. A robot's ways to deal with exams.
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）D
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一款用来测试人工智能极限的机器人在考试中的表现和它的弊端。
（1）C 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段的前两句内容可知，Torobo的缺点是不擅长独立思考，不能理解复杂的句子。故选C.
（2）A 词义猜测题。根据上半句“Though the score，…, is enough to get the robot admitted to many other famous Japanese universities,”可知，前半句从句的主语the score就是主句的主语it所代指的。故选A.
（3）D 细节理解题。根据第四段各个学科得分的比较以及最后一段可知，Torobo的历史成绩非常好。故选D.
（4）B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了参加考试的机器人在各个学科方面的不同表现。故选B.
【点评】本文是一篇关于介绍机器人的说明性阅读理解。主要以细节理解题为主，抓住关键词，理解文章主旨。其中第二题比较有难度，需要排除其它选项。主旨题看前面一，二段一般可以透漏出端倪。
6．阅读理解
Imagine a cat that does not need someone to clean up after it keeps an older person company and helps them remember to take their medicine. That is the shared dream of the toy maker Hasbro and scientists at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island. The researchers received a $ 3-million-dollar award from the National Science Foundation for a special project. They want to find ways to add artificial intelligence, or A.I., to Hasbro's “Joy for All” robotic
The cat has already been for sale for two years. Though priced over 1000 dollars, it sold quite well. It was meant to act as a “companion” for older people. Now the project is aimed at developing additional abilities for the cat. Researchers at Brown's Humanity-Centered Robotics Initiative are working to decide which activities older adults may need the most. They hope to make the cat perform a small number of activities very well. Such activities include finding lost objects and reminding the person to take medicine or visit their doctor. They also want to keep the cost down to just a few hundred dollars.
It is an idea that has appealed to Jeanne Elliott. Her 93-year-old mother Mary Derr lives with her in South Kingstown. Derr has dementia (痴呆). The Joy for All cat that Elliott bought this year
has become a true companion for Derr. The cat stays with Derr and keeps her calm while Elliott is at work. Elliott said a robotic cat that helps her mother to remember to take her medicine and be careful when she walks would be greater.
The researchers are trying to learn how the improved cats will complete helpful activities and how they will communicate. They say that they do not want a talking cat, however. Instead they are trying to design a cat that can move its head in a special way to successfully communicate its message. In the end, they hope to create an exchange between the human and the cat in which the human feels the cat needs them. By doing so, the researchers hope they can even help prevent feelings of loneliness and sadness among elderly people.
（1）What's the purpose of the project?
A. To relieve the pain of the elderly.
B. To promote the sales of a medicine.
C. To invent a robotic cat for the elderly.
D. To help make the robotic cat smarter.
（2）Compared with the old model, the new robotic cat will be
A. smaller
B. cheaper
C. more talkative
D. more expensive
（3）What does Paragraph 3 intend to tell us?
A. The cat gives much help to the elderly.
B. The more functions of the cat, the better.
C. There is no cure for dementia at present.
D. Mary Derr would have died without the cat.（4）What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. A talking cat is quite popular among the elderly.
B. Feelings of sadness among the elderly are unavoidable.
C. Each family can afford such a cat in the future.
D. The feeling of being needed is vital to the elderly.
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是说明文，主要介绍新型的人工智能机器猫。机器猫会给老年人更多的帮助，同时机器猫也离不开他们。被需要的感觉是至关重要的。他们甚至可以帮助防止老年人的孤独和悲伤情绪。
(1)目的意图题。根据第一段第一句Imagine a cat that does not need someone to clean up after it keeps an older person company and help them remember to take their medicine.项目的目地是帮助机器猫更聪明。故答案选D。
(2)推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句They also want to keep the cost down to just a few hundred dollars.可知，与旧模型相比新的机器猫更便宜。故答案选B。
(3)段落大意题。根据第三段最后一句Elliott said a robotic cat that helps her mother to remember to take her medicine and be careful when she walks would be greater.可知，机器猫会给老年人更多的帮助。故答案选A。
(4)推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句In the end, they hope to create an exchange between the human and the cat in which the human feels the cat needs them. By doing so, the researchers hope they can even help prevent feelings of loneliness and sadness among elderly people.可知，
被需要的感觉是至关重要的。故答案选D。
【点评】推论性考察题一般包括事实推断、指代推断、逻辑推断和对作者意图与观点的推断。常见的提问方式有：①The writer believes that ＿＿＿＿.②From this passage we can guess ＿＿＿＿.③The write suggests that ＿＿＿＿。除了一般的事实题可直接从文中找出答案外，其他诸如对条件变化、因果关系以及作者意图等较为深层的逻辑推断题，则必须要建立在对全文的理解基础上，通过文章所提供的线索，加以综合分析，才能做出正确的推断。
7．阅读理解
A young woman sits alone in a café sipping tea and reading a book. She pauses briefly to write in a nearby notepad before showing her words to a passing café waiter: "Where are the toilets please?" This is a familiar scene in Tokyo's so-called "silent cafés", where customers are not allowed to speak, and only communicate by writing in notepads.
The concept rises by a desire to be alone among young Japanese, a situation brought by economic uncertainty, a shift in traditional family support structures and the growing social isolation. The phenomenon is not limited to coffee shops but covers everything from silent discos, where participants dance alone wearing wireless headphones connected to the DJ, to products such as small desk tents designed for conversation-free privacy in the office. One Kyoto company even offers single women the opportunity to have a "one woman wedding"—a full bridal affair, complete with white dress and ceremony, and the only thing missing is the groom. The trend has its own media expression-“botchi-zoku”, referring to individuals who consciously choose to do things completely on their own.
One recent weekday afternoon, Chihiro Higashikokubaru, a 23-year-old nurse, travelled 90 minutes from her home, to Tokyo on her day off in order to enjoy some solo time. Speaking quietly at the entrance of the cafe, Miss Higashikokubaru said: “I heard about this place via Twitter and I like the idea of coming here. I work as a nurse and it's always very busy. There are very few quiet places in Tokyo, and it's a big busy city. I just want to come and sit somewhere quietly on my own. I'm going to drink a cup of tea and maybe do some drawings. I like the idea of a quiet, calm atmosphere.”
The desire to be isolated is not a new concept in Japan, home to an estimated 3.6 million "hikikomori" - a more extreme example of social recluses(隐士) who withdraw completely from society.
（1）What is special about the "silent cafes"?
A. It provides various tea and books.
B. It has attracted many popular young people.
C. It offers service by writing not by speaking.
D. People are not allowed to communicate.（2）Which of the following statement can't account for the idea of being alone in Japan?
A. Unstable economic situation
B. A change in traditional family support pattern
C. The rising demand for privacy
D. The increasing social isolation
（3）What do we know about Higashikokubaru?
A. She doesn't like to be a nurse.
B. She doesn't like the life in big cities.
C. She travelled to Tokyo on her work days.
D. She enjoys her solo time in a quiet place.
（4）What is the best title of the passage?
A. Lonely Japanese
B. One woman wedding
C. Social recluses in Japan
D. Silent cafes 【答案】（1）C
（2）C
（3）D
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了日本如今兴起的“无声咖啡馆"的相关信息，特殊服务方式以及原因。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“This is a familiar scene in Tokyo's so-called ‘silent cafés’, where customers are not allowed to speak, and only communicate by writing in notepads.”可知在这家餐厅里顾客和服务员的交流是通过手写实现的。故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The concept rises by a desire to be alone among young Japanese, a situation brought by economic uncertainty, a shift in traditional family support structures and the growing social isolation.”可知在日本出现这一现象是因为经济上的不确定性，传统家庭供养方式的变化以及越来越多的社交隔离。故ABD三项都是原因。只有C项文章没有提及。故选C。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“One recent weekday afternoon, Chihiro Higashikokubaru, a 23-year-old nurse, travelled 90 minutes from her home, to Tokyo on her day off in order to enjoy some solo time.”可知Chihiro Higashikokubaru旅行90分钟来到东京享受solo time，说明她很喜欢solo time，故选D。
（4）考查主旨大意。根据文章主题段第一段可知在日本出现了“silent cafes”并介绍了在日本出现的新的社会现象，人们越来越喜欢独处。同时分析了出现这一现象的原因主要是经济上的不确定性，传统家庭供养方式的变化以及越来越多的社交隔离。D项与主题段相关，能够很快切入主旨，可做文章的标题。选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。
8．阅读理解
We want our children to succeed, in school and, perhaps even more importantly, in life. But the paradox(悖论) is that our children can only truly succeed if they first learn how to fail. Consider the finding that world-class figure skaters fall over more often in practice than low-level figure skaters. At first sight this seems contradictory. Why are the really good skaters falling over the most?
The reason is actually quite simple. Top skaters are constantly challenging themselves in practice, attempting jumps that stretch their limitations. This is why they fall over so often, but it is precisely why they learn so fast. Lower-level skaters have a quite different approach. They are always attempting jumps they can already do very easily, remaining within their comfort zone. This is why they don't fall over. In a superficial sense, they look successful, because they are always on their feet. The truth, however, is that by never failing, they never progress.
What is true of skating is also true of life. James Dyson worked through 5,126 failed
prototypes(原型) for his dual cyclone vacuum before coining up with the design that made his fortune. These failures were essential to the pathway of learning. As Dyson put it: “You can't develop new technology unless you test new ideas and learn when things go wrong. Failure is essential to invention.”
In healthcare, however, things are very different. Clinicians don't like to admit to failure, partly because they have healthy egos(自我)(particularly the senior doctors) and partly because they fear litigation(诉讼). The consequence is that instead of learning from failure, healthcare often covers up failure. The direct consequence is that the same mistakes are repeated. According to the Journal of Patient Safety, 400,000 people die every year in American hospitals alone due to preventable error. Until healthcare learns to respond positively to failure, things will not improve. But let us return to children. One of the major mistakes in education in the 1970s was the attempt to equip children with confidence by giving them lots of successes （setting the bar very low）. The consequence was that the ego of kids became bound up with success, and they became unable to take risks and collapsed as soon as they hit a proper challenge.
We need to flip(翻转) this approach. In a complex world, failure is inevitable. It is those individuals and institutions that have the flexibility to face up to failure, learn the lessons and adapt which eventually excel(突出).
（1）The question raised in the first paragraph is to ________.
A. open up a discussion on the topic
B. analyze the reason for success
C. express the author's opposition
D. doubt the abilities of the top skaters
（2）Which of the following is the structure of the passage?
A. B. C. D.
（3）What would be the best title for the passage?
A. How we can avoid failure in life
B. What we should learn from failure
C. Why failure is the key to flying high
D. Where we further improve ourselves
【答案】（1）A
（2）A
（3）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论证了“失败是孩子成功的必须条件”这一观点。(1)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“But the paradox（悖论）is that our children can only truly succeed if they first learn how to fail.”可知，文章的中心论点是如果孩子想要真正成功，首先就要学会失败。后面以世界级滑冰运动员摔倒的次数更多来证明这一点，最后一句提出问题：为什么好的滑冰运动员反而摔倒的次数多呢？下文对这个问题做了回答，进一步阐明了文章的中心论点。很明显，这个问题就是为了引出下文对中心论点的论述服务的。故选A。
(2)考查文章结构。第一段提出中心论点并以滑冰运动员为例引出第二段。第三段James Dyson为正面例子证明：成功是建立失败的基础上的。而第四和第五两段分别以医疗和20世纪七十年代的儿童教育为反例证明：不经历失败就不会获得成功和提高。最后一段再次强调中心论点。故选A。
(3)考查主旨大意。文章第一段即提出中心论点：the paradox（悖论）is that our children can only truly succeed if they first learn how to fail，中间几段以正反两方面的例子证明了该论点。最后一段又重新强调了该论点。很明显，文章的中心意思就是：失败是孩子真正成功的必要条件。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，文章结构和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。
9．阅读理解
On a recent trip to the island of Newfoundland, Canada, my husband asked our talkative cab driver what made him most proud to be from there.
"Our generosity and hospitality (好客)," he replied in a strong local accent. "Your car breaks down in the middle of nowhere, someone will stop to help. People here are kind like that."
His answer lingered in my mind during that ride with my husband and teenage kids, as we headed out to explore on the first day of our vacation.
Little did I know we were about to experience some of that remarkable Newfoundland kindness for ourselves.
We met Alma that same morning at the start of a long hike.
Our teenagers hurried ahead, and as we walked behind, admiring the scenery, two women in sunglasses and summer hiking gear stopped.
They'd heard us discussing different routes, then asked if we'd like suggestions.
They looked to be in their 40s, and were both enthusiastic to share their local expertise.
We listened eagerly, taking mental notes, until one of the women asked, "You have a car, right?"
I explained that there were no cars available during our week on the island, so we had to rely on cabs instead.
"Oh no," she said, "you need a car." And then, as casually as if offering a piece of chewing gum
(口香糖), she said: "Take mine!"
Dumbfounded, my husband and I just smiled in disbelief.
"Why not?" She insisted. "You need a car to get to know all these places."
"But you don't even know us," I said.
"That doesn't matter," she continued with absolute determination.
Stunned, I looked over at her friend, who shrugged and said, "That's Alma."
Forty minutes of talking later, my family climbed into Alma's car.
We spent the rest of our vacation discovering different areas of this beautiful island.
But it wasn't the groups of whales we saw, or the vast areas of woodland, that made this place so memorable.
Instead, it was the act of kindness from a complete stranger that made us realize how special Newfoundland really was.
Next year, there's no doubt where we'll be taking our summer vacation. Who knows what act of kindness we'll meet then?
（1）What problem did the author's family have in Newfoundland?
A.They couldn't understand the local accent.
B.Their car broke down on the first day.
C.They got lost during a hike.
D.They didn't have a car.
（2）The underlined word "dumbfounded" in Paragraph 12 is closest in meaning to ______.
A.shocked
B.satisfied
C.relieved
D.embarrassed
（3）What impressed the author most during her stay in Newfoundland?
A.The talkative cab driver.
B.The whales swimming.
C.The beautiful scenery of the island.
D.The help from an enthusiastic stranger.
（4）What can we infer about the author from the last paragraph?
A.She is looking forward to meeting Alma once more.
B.She expects to visit Newfoundland again.
C.She hasn't decided where to go next year.
D.She also wants to be kind to others during vacation.
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）D
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者最近一次去加拿大的纽芬兰旅行时，被当地人的热情好客深深触动。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第十段中的“I explained that there were no cars available during our
week on the island, so we ha d to rely on cabs instead.”我解释道，我们周末来岛上度假没有汽车，我们只能打出租车，可知，作者一家人在纽芬兰岛上旅行时遇到的问题是，他们没有一辆车。故选D。
（2）考查词义猜测。根据第十二段中的“my husband and I just smiled in disbelief”我丈夫和我只是不相信地笑着，可知，当Alma提出让作者一家开自己的车去旅行的时候，作者和丈夫很惊诧。并且此处单词与第十六段中的“stunned”呼应。故选A。
（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“I nstead, it was the act of kindness from a complete stranger that made us realize how special Newfoundland really was.”取而代之，是一个陌生人的善意之举让我意识到纽芬兰的真正特别之处。可知，给作者留下最深刻印象的是来自一位热心的陌生人的帮助。故选D。
（4）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，陌生人的善良和热情好客给作者留下了最深刻印象，且根据最后一段“Next year, there's no d oubt where we'll be taking our summer vacation. Who knows what act of kindness we'll meet then?”毫无疑问我们明年会去哪里过暑假。谁知道到时候我们又会遇到什么样的善意之举呢？可知，作者将还会去纽芬兰岛旅行，期待那里人们的热情。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
10．阅读理解
Years ago, students applying to colleges and universities had to have their applications and personal essays printed out and then “snail-mailed”. Flash forward to today's world of Facebook, Instagram and WeChat, where photos, videos and mobile phones rule. Fortunately, several new tools are making it easier for college applicants to use technology to show off their personalities, skills and creativity.
ZEEMEE
One of the more popular innovations in college applications is ZeeMee, a free mobile app that allows students to upload personal profiles and videos to create visual resumes. More than 220 colleges and universities offer a ZeeMee option as part of the application process. The video can show the unique creative aspects of the applicants.
THE COALITION LOCKER
Another relatively new tool comes from the Coalition for Access, Affordability and Success, now used by more than 110 member colleges and universities. Among the group's stated goals are getting students engaged in college prep early and using technology to create a supportive application process that encourages reflection and self-discovery.
Students who sign up for the free platform get access to a digital “locker”, which they can use all through high school to save class papers, artwork, newspaper stories, videos and photos to share with colleges when they eventually apply.
VIDEO — CHAT INTERVIEWS
At some schools, an interview with an admission officer is an important part of the application
process. To make it easier, several virtual interviewing tools have popped up, such as a video-based platform from Kira. More than 140 universities worldwide use Kira's video assessment tool
to conduct real-time interviews with prospective students. During the interview, candidates are shown the questions prerecorded by the particular school and must respond in real time by talking into the camera on their laptop or phone. In addition to showing their ability, to speak fluently in English and think on their feet, it helps admission of ficers determine the “motivation, commitment and drive” of applicants.
UNIQUE SCHOOL TOOLS
Some universities have come up with their own ways to allow students to show their skills and personalities. For example, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, encourages applicants to display their technical abilities and creativity by submitting a “Maker Portfolio” —a written or videotaped description of a project that shows creative and problem-solving skills. While a new
app would fit the bill, the project could be anything from an origami design to a potato cannon.
（1）Which of the apps give students more guidance from their high school?
A. ZEEMEE.
B. THE COALITION LOCKER.
C. VIDEO — CHAT INTERVIEWS.
D. UNIQUE SCHOOL TOOLS.
（2）What does the underlined word “it” in the fourth part of the passage refer to?
A. The video interview.
B. The description.
C. The application.
D. The student's ability.
（3）What is the common feature required by colleges and universities according to the passage?
A. Creativity.
B. Braveness.
C. Willingness to share.
D. Technical ability.
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，在今天的Facebook、Instagram和微信的世界里，照
片、视频和手机盛行的同时，一些新工具让大学申请者更容易使用技术来展示他们的个
性、技能和创造力。
(1)考查推理判断。根据THE COALITION LOCKER部分中的“Students who sign up for the free platform get access to a digital ‘locker’, which they can use all through high school to save class papers, artwork, newspaper stories, videos and photos to share with colleges when they eventually apply.”可知，THE COALITION LOCKER. 能让学生从高中获得更多的指导。故选B。
(2)考查代词指代。根据VIDEO —CHAT INTERVIEWS部分中的“At some schools, an interview
with an admission officer is an important part of the application process.”在一些学校，对招生
人员的面试是申请过程的重要组成部分；以及“In addition to showing their ability, to speak fluently in English and think on their feet, it helps admission officers determine the ‘motivation, commitment and drive’ of applicants.“除了展示他们的能力，为了流利地说英语和快速反应，
它还能帮助招生人员决定申请者的“动机、承诺和动力”。由此可知it指的是“the application”，故选C。
(3)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Fortunately, several new tools are making it easier for college applicants to use technology to show off their personalities, skills and creativity.”可知，
根据文章的内容，创造力是学院和大学的共同特征。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和代词指代两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考根据上下文进行逻辑推理，选出正确答案。
11．阅读理解
Generally speaking, government regulations normally ban anything from smoking in public places to parking in certain zones. But officials in the Brazilian town of Biritiba Mirim, 70km (45miles) east of Sao Paulo, have gone far beyond that. They plan to prohibit residents from dying early because the local cemetery(墓地) has reached full capacity.
There's no more room to bury the dead, they can't be cremated(火化) and laws forbid a new cemetery. So the mayor has proposed a strange solution: outlaw death. Mayor Roberto Pereira says the bill is meant as a protest against federal regulations that prohibit new or expanded cemeteries in preservation areas. "They have not taken local demands into consideration", he claims.
A 2003 decree(法令) by Brazil's National Environment Council forbids burial grounds in protected areas. Mr. Pereira wants to build a new cemetery, but the project has been stopped because 98% of Biritiba Mirim is considered as a preservation area.
Biritiba Mirim, a town of 28,000 inhabitants, not only wants to prohibit residents from passing away. The bill also calls on people to take care of their health in order to avoid death. "I haven't got a job, nor am I healthy. And now they say I can't die. That's ridiculous," Amarido do Prado, an unemployed resident said.
The city council is expected to vote on the regulation next week. "Of course the bill is laughable, illegal, and will never be approved," said Gilson Soares de Campos, an assistant of the mayor. "But can you think of a better resolution to persuade the government to change the environmental decree that is prohibiting us from building a new cemetery?" The bill states that "offenders will be held responsible for their acts." However, it does not say what the punishment will be.
（1）What is the bill to be proposed by the officials in Biritiba Mirim?
A. Ban on building a new cemetery.
B. Ban on parking in certain zones.
C. Forbidding buried grounds in preservation.
D. Prohibiting residents from dying early.
（2）What can we infer from the phrase "have gone far beyond that" in the first paragraph?
A. The officials in Biritiba Mirim have made these regulations.
B. The officials in Biritiba Mirim have been to many places around the world.
C. The bill to be proposed by officials in Biritiba Mirim is much too unexpected.
D. The officials in Biritiba Mirim have built too many cemeteries in their town.
（3）What's the attitude of the mayor of Biritiba Mirim towards the federal regulations? A. He gives strong backing to them. B. He objects to them.
C. He remains silent about them.
D. He asks the residents for advice on them.
（4）Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A. The bill has come into effect but it doesn't state clearly what punishements the offenders will receive.
B. The residents of the town sing high praise for the bill.
C. The government is going to change the unreasonale and laughable decree.
D. No better resolution of the problems has been thought out.
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）B
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，由于墓地短缺，巴西城市Biritiba Mirim的官员草拟了一份不准人过早的死去的法案，这引起了当地居民的争论。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“They plan to prohibit residents from dying early because the local cemetery(墓地) has reached full capacity.”可知Biritiba Mirim的官员们计划制定法律不允许人们过早死亡，主要是因为没有再多的墓地了。故选D。
（2）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“Generally speaking, government regulations normally ban anything from smoking in public places to parking in certain zones.”可知政府会禁止人们在公共场所抽烟或在某些特定地点停车，但是巴西Biritiba Mirim的官员的建议却远远不止于此，根据第一段中的“They plan to prohibit residents from dying early because the local cemetery(墓地) has reached full capacity.”可知Biritiba Mirim甚至不允许人们早死，这样的规定早已超过人们的想象了。故选C。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Mayor Roberto Pereira say s the bill is meant as a protest against federal regulations that prohibit new or expanded cemeteries in preservation areas.”可知市长Roberto Pereira说他们制定的这个法案是反对联邦的规定的。故选B。（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“But can you think of a better resolution to persuade the government to change the environmental decree that is prohibiting us from building a new cemetery?”可知现在没有更好的方法来解决缺乏墓地的问题。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和词义猜测两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行推理，从而选出正确答案。
12．阅读理解
Destination Travels
78 Soho St,
New York, NY
Dear Ms Pierce,
Thank you for trusting Destination Travels for your honeymoon plans. This letter includes all the information regarding the flights and accommodation arrangements we have already agreed on.
be waiting for you in order to transfer you to the hotel. The transfer to and from the airport is offered by the hotel as part of your honeymoon package. The reservation has been made for a
nine-night stay under your future husband's last name. The price of the newlyweds' suite includes breakfast and one more meal at the hotel restaurant. You can also use all of the hotel facilities—pool, gym, sauna, etc. for free as part of your honeymoon package. In addition, you can take scuba diving or snorkeling classes with the hotels trained staff at a reduced price—40% off.
Thank you for choosing Destination Travels. We guarantee your honeymoon with us will be an unforgettable experience. To aid us in improving our service, please visit our website at www. https://www.doczj.com/doc/7818687234.html, and complete the questionnaire.
Destination Travels wish you all the best.
Sincerely.
Rebecca Simms
Customer Service Manager
Destination Travels
（1）After arriving at Puerto Rico Int, Airport, the couple can get directions from ________.
A. a Destination Travels Manager'
B. an official of New York City Hall
C. a tourist information desk
D. a hotel worker
（2）What service is offered by the hotel at no extra cost to the newlywed couple?
A. The snorkeling classes.
B. The airport express service.
C. A one-night stay.
D. The air tickets.
（3）What does the customer service manager ask Ms Pierce to do?
A. Call the service department.
B. Complete the order form.
C. Scan the website to find information.
D. Fill out the customer satisfaction survey.
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，是酒店客服经理写给皮尔斯的一封信。信中告知了所乘坐的航班和住宿安排的所有信息，感谢了皮尔斯的到来并请他填写问卷调查表。(1)考查细节理解。根据表格后的内容“On arriving at Puerto Rico Int, Airport, a representative of The Caribbean Hotels &Resorts will be waiting for you in order to transfer you to the hotel.” 可知，一到达Puerto Rico Int,，就会有酒店与度假村的代表（Representative）即工作人员（worker）在等你以便将您送到酒店。也就是这对夫妇得到酒店的工作人员的指引，故选D。
(2)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The transfer to and from the airport is offered by the hotel as part of your h oneymoon package.”可知，机场来回的换乘车是酒店蜜月套餐的一部分，不用再有额外的花费，故选B。
(3)考查细节理解。根据“please visit our website at www. https://www.doczj.com/doc/7818687234.html, and complete the questionnaire.”可知，客服经理请皮尔斯女士完成问卷调查，即填写客户满意度调查。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，结合题目要求，选出正确答案。
A The first jazz musicians played in New Orleans during the early 1900’s. After 1917, many of the New Orleans musicians moved to the south side of Chicago, where they continued to play their style of Jazz. Soon Chicage was the new center for jazz. Several out standing musicians appeared as leading jazz artists in Chicago. Daniel Louis “Satchmo” Armstrong, born in New Orleans in 1900, was one. Another leading musician was Joseph “King” Oliver, who was also believed with having discovered Armstrong when they were both in New Orleans. While in Chicago, Oliver asked Armstrong, who was in New Orleans, to join his band. In 1923 King Oliver’ Creole Jazz Band made the first important set of recordings by a Black band in the history of jazz. The Red Hot Peppers band led by Jelly Roll Morton and the Hot Five and Hot Seven Bands under Louis Armstrong also made recordings of special note. Although Chicago’s South side was the main jazz center, some musicians in New York were also demanding attention in jazz circles. In 1923 Fletcer Henderson already had a ten-piece band that played jazz. During the early 1930’s, the number of players grew to sixteen, Henderson’s band was considered a leader in what some people have called the Big Band Era. By the 1930’s, big dance bands w ere the rage. Large numbers of people went to ballrooms to dance to jazz music played by big bands. One of the most popular and long a very famous jazz band was the Duke Ellington Band. Edward “Duke” Ellington was born in Washton, D.C, in 1899 and died in New York City in 1974. He studied the piano as a young boy and later began writing original musical compositions. The first of Ellington’s European tours came in 1933. He soon received international fame for his talent as a band leader, composer, and arranger. Ten years later, Ellington began giving annual concerts at Carnegie Hall in New York City. People began to listen to jazz in the same way that they had always listened to classical music. 1．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To compare jazz to other types of music. B．To criticize jazz musicians and their music. C．To describe the careers of important jazz musicians in the 1930’s. D．To trace the development of jazz in the United States. 2．It can be inferred from the passage that Louis Armstrong went to Chicago for which of the following reasons? A．to form his own band. B．To learn to play Chicago-style jazz. C．To play in Joseph Oliver’s band. D．To make recordings with the Hot Five. 3．According to the passage, which of the following Black bands was the first to make a significant set of jazz recordings? A．The hot Sevsn band. B．Fletcher Henderson’s band. C．The red hot Peppers band. D．King Oliver’s Creole Jazz Band. 4．The passage supports which of the following conclusions? A．By the 1930’s jazz was appreciated by a wide audience. B．Classical music had a great hit on jazz. C．Jazz was born in New Orleans in the early 19th century. D．Jazz bands were better known in Europe than in the United States. 5．Which of the following cities is NOT mentioned in the passage as a center of Jazz? A．New York B．Washton, D. C C．Chicago
（英语）高二英语阅读理解专题训练答案及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Flying for a long time, you finally arrive at the place where you can relax—your hotel room. Now you throwyour bag on the bed, turn on the TV and watch an international news programme on a satellite channel probably from UK or the USA. The main international broadcasters are BBC World and CNN. With an audience of over 1.5 billion people, these are popular channels that offer good-quality news programmes. In both companies, the journalists are experienced writers that produce journalism of a high standard. However, there are alternative news channels which people watch because they want a less traditional or non-Western view on world events. Russia Today and Al Jazeera International, an Arabic company, are international channels that broadcast in English. Both companies say they give a fresh view on big stories, and their experienced journalists often report from places where Western journalists do not work, and so they give us stories that we don't normally see. The Internet offers more variety. OneWorldTV is an Internet site where you can find stories about the developing world and human rights, rather than the usual stories about US politics and business. The writers for this company are often local people who write the stories for free. This non-professional journalism is increasing, and it certainly offers more choices. This increase in citizen journalism means that you can write the news, too. Main news broadcasters often use photographs and stories that members of the general public send to them, especially when there is a dramatic breaking news story. Besides this, some blogs are popular sources of news, and the website NowPublic lets you write stories using information you can get from anywhere, including sites like Youtube, Flickr and Twitter. （1）The first paragraph is meant to . A. offer a suggestion B. give a warning C. explain a reason D. introduce the topic （2）It can be learned from the text that more and more people will . A. prefer to read local news B. pay more attention to world news C. start a career in citizen journalism D. give up watching TV news programmes （3）What would be the best title for the text? A. The Latest Local News B. More Choices for News C. The End of TV News D. Traditional World News 【答案】（1）D （2）C （3）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了市民可以观看的新闻媒体。有些新闻来自国家（正式新闻）;有些新闻来自民间，这种民间的非正式媒体新闻正呈上升趋势；市民还可以在网上发布一些新闻。 （1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“ watch an international news program on a satellite channel probably from UK or the USA.”和第二段中的“The main international broadcasters are BBC World and CNN”可以推断出第一段是引子，是为了引出下文的话题（介绍BBC World和
高中英语阅读理解30篇 1、To be a good teacher, you need some of the gifts of a good actor; you must be able to hold the attention and interest of your audience; you must be a clear speaker, with a good, strong, pleasing voice which is fully under your control; and you must be able to act what you are teaching, in order to make its meaning clear. Watch a good teacher, and you will see that he does not sit still before his class：he stands the whole time he is teaching; he walks about, using his arms, hands and fingers to help him in his explanations, and his face to express feelings. Listen to him, and you will hear the loudness, the quality (音色) and the musical note of his voice always changing according to what he is talking about. The fact that a good teacher has some of the gifts of a good actor doesn’t mean that he will indeed be able to act well on the stage, for there are very important differences between the teacher’s work and the actor’s. The actor has to speak words which he has learnt by heart; he has to repeat exactly the same words each time he plays a certain part, even his movements and the ways in which he uses his voice are usually fixed beforehand (预先). What he has to do is to make all these carefully learnt words and actions seem natural on the stage. A good teacher works in quite a different way. His audience takes an active part in his play：they ask and answer questions, they obey orders, and if they don’t understand something, they say so. The teacher therefore has to meet the needs of his audience, which is his class. He cannot learn his part by heart, but must invent it as he goes along. I have known many teachers who were fine actors in class but were unable to take part in a stage-play because they could not keep strictly to what another had written. 1. What is the text about ? A. How to become a good teacher. B. What a good teacher should do outside the classroom. C. What teachers and actors could learn from each other. D. The similarities(相似处) and differences between a teacher’s work and an actor’s. 2. The word “audience” in the fourth paragraph means ____ . A. students B. people who watch a play C. people who not on the stage D. people who listen to something 3. A good teacher ____ . A. knows how to hold the interest of his students B. must have a good voice C. knows how to act on the stage D. stands or sits still while teaching 4. In what way is a teacher’s work different from an actor’s ? A. The teacher must learn everything by heart . B. He knows how to control his voice better than an actor . C. He has to deal with unexpected situations . D. He has to use more facial expressions . 5. The main difference between students in class and a theatre audience is that ____. A. students can move around in the classroom
高二英语阅读理解专项训练及答案及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 The noise of chattering mouths subsided（平息） as the teacher entered classroom. “ Good morning class. I am Riffat Monaf, and I will be your geography teacher. Riffat” Monaf, an interesting name and an even more interesting person. Her introduction took place about six years ago, and since then I have never met a more influential person in my life. Mrs Monaf not only conquered me with her vast knowledge of geography, but also won me over with her smile and warm eyes. It was in her class that I traveled to the highest mountains and to the deepest seas from the comfort of the classroom. I learned about the vast oceans, the erupting volcanoes, the snow-capped mountains and the green valleys. She would often relate her adventures about traveling to different parts of the world. Never can I forget the glory of her face when she talks about how truly beautiful this world is. If I search back my love for the environment and geography, I find her to be the source of my love for preserving nature. If one day I became an environmentalist, I know that I'll thank her for it. Apart from this, she has always greeted me with open arms and she calls her students “ my children ”Mrs. Monaf's morals and values rubbed off me deeply and I have always taken her advice into consideration. She has been one of the most consistently good things in my life. Currently, she is fighting a battle against breast cancer, and it pains me to know that after all she has done for me; I can do nothing for her except pray. Whenever I see her in school, she still keeps that kind smile and an expression so soft that it trembles my heart. Mrs Monaf still talks enthusiastically about geography, and I know that I can never see what a truly great person she has been in my life. . （1） What can we learn from the second paragraph? A. The writer traveled a lot. B. Mrs Monaf was a learned person. C. The writer did well at school. D. Mrs Monaf enjoyed telling stories. （2） The underlined word“rubbed off” means. A. moved B. shocked C. influenced D. defeated （3） What do we know from the last paragraph? A. Mrs. Monaf was an optimistic person. B. Breast cancer made Mrs. Monaf upset. C. Another great person may appear in my life. D. Praying for Mrs. Monaf made the writer tremble. （4） What would be the best title for the passage? A. My Interesting School Life B. The Teacher-student Friendship C. An Influential Person in My Life D. Brave Fight Against Breast Cancer 【答案】（1） B （2） C （3） A （4） C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了生命中有影响力的人。
高考英语阅读理解专项训练100篇 (名师传授解题技巧+实战练习，值得下载) 一、阅读理解解题技巧 阅读理解题是考查学生对活的语言材料的理解能力，即通过阅读材料获得信息的能力。具体说来，阅读理解能力测试的主要要求是：（1）掌握所读材料的主旨大意，以及用以说明主旨大意的事实和细节；（2）既理解具体事实，也理解抽象的概念；（3）既理解字面意思，也理解深层含义，包括作者的态度、意图等；（4）既理解某句、某段的意义，也理解全篇的逻辑关系，并能根据文章进行推理和判断；（5）既能根据材料所提供的信息去理解，也能结合中学生应有的常识去理解。根据这几项能力测试的要求，试题中常采用如下几种题型：事实询问题、推理判断题、数据推算题、识图解意题和主旨大意题。根据这一测试要求和题型设计，答题时可以采取如下解题技巧和对策。 1．首先解题时要充满自信。由于平时有些同学对做阅读理解时存在一种畏惧心理，因此考试做题时心理就难免会产生紧张感，特别是阅读时再遇到几个生词就头脑发胀，从而使自己的思路更加模糊不清。其实这是完全没有必要的，因为阅读中遇到几个生词或几个难以理解的句子是常有的事，也是正常现象。因为按大纲要求，试卷中允许有不超过3%的生词，只要认真分析，仔细阅读，这些生词和句子很可能并不影响你的解题。所以答题之前首先要有必胜的信心。 2．扫读全文，理解全文主旨大意。拿到一篇文章，首先要快速扫读全文，虽为扫读，但不可漫不经心，阅读时也应聚精会神，力求可能多地获取材料信息，只是这次遇到生词和难句先不必去处理，不要因纠缠文中的个别生词和难句而影响了对全文的主旨大意的了解。
3．对症下药，各个击破。了解全文的大概意思之后，再把短文的问题简单看一遍，弄懂题意，然后带着问题再去寻读全文。这次阅读过程中要善于抓文章中的关键词句。寻读也就是迅速的查找需要了解的信息，是为某些特定的问题而阅读，因此阅读时要有较强的针对性，对与问题有关的数据，词句等仔细阅读，认真理解，同时结合不同考查内容的题型，采取如下解题对策： （1）事实询问题：这类试题通常是以疑问词what，who，when，where，why，how 等引起的特殊问句，就文章中某一词语、某一句子、某一段落或某一具体细节和事实进行提问。解答此类试题首先要弄清题目和每一个选项的含义，然后按题目要求寻找与之相关的细节，正确估计答案来源，同时注意题目和文章中的暗示作用。特别注意辨别各种信息，确认各种信息。 （2）推理判断题：此题要求我们通过表面文字信息去推测文章隐含的意思，对文章的发展情节及作者的态度、意图等做出合乎逻辑的的推理判断。这种题要求我们在阅读时要抓住文章的主题和细节、从分析文章的结构入手，根据上下文的内在联系，充分挖掘文章的深层含义。对暗含在文章中事件的因果关系，人物的动机，以及作者未言明的倾向、态度、意图、观点进行合乎逻辑的推理、分析和判断。同时善于抓住文中实质性的东西，不要被带假象的表面信息或似是而非的东西所迷惑。并且注意推断作者态度时要力求从作者的态度、观点去思考，切勿想当然，凭个人的观点习惯看法来回答的问题。 （3）数据推算题：此题要求我们就文章提供的数据，以及数据与文章中其他信息的关系做出计算和推断，然后做出选择。这就要求我们解题时，要在理解好题意的前提下去对与数据有关的信息认真分析，若数据信息较多，还要注意弄清数据之间的关系，同时分清有用与无用信息，最终作出正确判断。 （4）主旨大意题：此题用以考查我们对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。在解答此类试题时要注意每段的中心句，抓住每一段的主题句。一般主题句都用来表达一段主旨大意，因此，只要找准每段的主题句，文章的中心思想和文章的最佳标题也就不难确定了。
What a newspaper includes is decided by its editors. The managing editor decides which stories are newsworthy and gives reporters their tasks. To an editor, there are two kinds of news: hard news, such as the election (选举) of a president, and soft news. Soft news includes stories about a new dance craze, a beautiful historic building, or an interesting person. The soft news fills whatever space is left after the hard news is put into the newspaper space. There is also public service news to fit in－information about meetings and lectures, free health programs, or changes in a local library’s hours. The managing editor decides how important a story is. If a story is very important, it is marked for a headline on the front page. Less important stories appear farther back in the paper. The story editor takes a story and decides to “boil or trim it”. If the editor decides to boil a story, it becomes front-page article. Depending on the size of a paper, there may be a sports editor, a business editor or an art editor. On a small weekly paper, an editor may cover two or more of these areas. Once all the stories are written, they are given to a copy editor, who corrects any mistakes and fits the articles into the newspaper’s format(版式). The makeup editor, with the managing editor, usually dec ides how the paper will look. The editor’s job is to decide whether a page will look. This editor’s job is to deicide whether a page will carry two stories and four ads or six stories and one ad. Editors may rewrite or redesign many of the pages as more stories come from the pressroom. 61. An example of hard news is _______ A. the election of a president B. a story about a historic building C. a new fashion in clothes D. information about health programs 62. Where a news story is put in the newspaper depends on___________ A. its length B. its style C. its importance D. its title 63. What does the underlined word “trim” in the second paragraph mean? A. Reduce in size B. Increase in length C. Beautify in appearance D. Change in shape 64. Correcting the mistakes of all the articles is the work of_______ A. makeup editors B. copy editors C. managing editors D. business editors 65. What’s the purpose of the passage? A. To persuade people to work as editors. B. To tell the readers how editors are educated. C. To introduce some famous editors. D. To show how a newspaper is made.
新课标高中英语阅读精选――高一之三（21--30） Passage 21 A man was looking for things of old times. One day he came to a village and found a blue bowl which looked very old. The bowl was on the ground and a cat was drinking milk from it. A farmer, the owner of the cat, was lying beside the bowl. In order not to draw the farmer's attention to the value of the bowl, the man said to him in a soft voice, "What a nice cat you have! Won't you sell it to me?" "How much would you give me for it? " the farmer opened his eyes and asked. "Twenty dollars. Would it be enough?" A few minutes later, the farmer agreed. After he paid the farmer, the man said, "My cat will certainly feel thirsty. May I take the bowl so that the cat can have milk? " But the farmer said, "I'm sorry I can't give it to you. Thanks to the bowl, I have already sold twenty cats." 164w 1.The man liked________. A. keeping old things B. travelling from village to village C. meeting farmers 2.Why did the man want to buy the cat ? Because_______. A. it was very lovely 3.After he bought the cat, the man asked for the bowl, because he thought_______. A. the bowl should go with the cat B. the bowl had a beautiful colour C. the farmer didn't know the value of the bowl 4.The farmer kept the bowl so that he could _______. A. let another cat use it 5.From the story we can see the farmer _______. A. had only one bowl B. was very poor C. didn't like cats D. was clever Passage 22 A young passengerwas looking everywhere for his ticket because the conductor was coming to punchthe ticket. He was looking for it in all the pockets of his coats and trousers. What surprised the other passengers most was that they found he had the ticket in his mouth. The conductor quickly pulled the ticket out of his mouth, punched it and gave it back to him. When the conductor moved on, all the other passengers couldn't help laughing. One of them said to him at last, "I'm sure you felt foolish just now, sitting there looking everywhere for your ticket when it was right in your mouth all the time." "Foolish?" answered the passenger, "I was chewingthe date off." 124w 1. From the story we know that the young passenger_______.
完形填空专项练习： 1 A "dark horse "is one that shows unexpected racing speed and comes in first, 1 the experts said he had little chance of winning. In politics, an 2 candidate (候选人) for office who 3 a nomination(提名)or election is called a "dark horse". British Prime Minister Benjamin Disrael is believed to 4 the first to use the phrase. In his novel, "The Young Duke ", published in 1831, Disrael described a horse race and told how the two top choices fell 5 ,while "a dark horse "which had never been thought of rushing past the grandstand (看台)in a sweeping triumph. From racing to politics was a short step. As a political phrase, “dark horse ” 6 for the first time in the national Democratic Party congress of 1844. The "dark horse" was James Knox Polk who became the llth President of the United States. Polk had been the leader of the House of Representatives from 1835 to 1839. He had 7 been Governor of the state of Tennessee. But as a national leader, he was considered a political 8 . Nevertheless, he 9 won the Democratic nomination and was elected 10 .Martin Van Buren of New York, A former President, seemed sure of getting the nomination. But he opposed making the territory of Texas part of the United States as mother state. He was 11 it because there was slavery in Texas. Van Buren did not want another slave state in the Union. As a result, he 12 support among those Democrats who supported slavery. At the 1884 congress, Van Buren could not get enough votes to win the nomination. The congress got into 13 . Therefore, the Democratic leaders decided that the only wise thing would be to run a "dark horse ", 14 who could unite the party. And so, one of the party leaders, George Bancroft, proposed the name of James Knox Polk. He won, and the party 15 behind him, And he defeated his opponent , Henry Clay of the Whig Party. 16 the 1844 congress, the "dark horse "candidates became an established fact of national political life. One historian said, "The invention of the dark horse was 17 a remarkable product of our professional politics. "This made 18 possible for party leaders to choose candidates who were not tied to certain ideas. Therefore, they represented 19 and had developed 20 enemies. 1. A. so B. even though C. so that D. as if 2. A. unknown B. famous C. popular D. known 3. A. accepts B. looks forward to C. refuses D. wins 4. A. be B. being C. been D. have been 5. A. about B. behind C. asleep D. back 6. A. happened B. appeared C. used D. was come about 7. A. as well B. either C. also D. too 8. A. somebody B. everybody C. anybody D. nobody 9. A. difficultly B. successfully C. surprisingly D. easily 10. A. President B. a President C. the President D. the governor 11. A. for B. against C. in favor of D. in favor with 12. A. won B. received C. lost D. wasted 13. A. votes B. help C. efforts D. money