笨老师分享课堂:主谓一致(就近原则练习)03
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、单选题
1．There ______a fashion show(时装表演)today.
A．does B．is C．has D．can
2．______my father ______ my mother is busy at work, so I have to look after myself. A．Both; and B．Neither; nor C．Not only; but also
3．Either you or one of your students _____ asked to attend tomorrow's meeting.
A．is B．have C．are D．has
4．Neither the students nor the teacher ___________ the way to Nanjing Library.
A．know B．knows C．don't know D．doesn't know
5．Not only you but also I _________ wrong.
A．is B．am C．are D．be
6．Neither he nor I ________ a teacher.
A．is B．am C．are D．be
7．Neither Jack nor I to Hong Kong, so we are planning a trip there.
A．have been B．has been C．have gone D．has gone
8．There four teachers and a student in the office.
A．have B．has C．is D．are
9．Not only you but also I _________interested in the English song Yesterday Once More. A．am B．are C．is
10．Neither Li Hua nor I good at writing.
A．am B．is C．are D．be
11．There _______some milk and two apples on the table.
A．have B．is C．are
12．There ______ a book, some boxes and some keys on the table.
A．is B．has C．are
13．There _____ a ticket, a lamp and some keys on the table.
A．are B．is C．has
14．___ Lily __Sam likes popular songs, so they went to Zhou Jielun’s concert together last night.
A．Both, and B．Either, or C．Not only, but also
15．There________ many students in the school in 10 years.
A．is going to have B．are going to have
C．is going to be D．are going to be
16．There a big living room and two bedrooms in our new house．
A．was B．were C．be D．are
17．--Wh at’s on the desk?--There _____some pizza and apples．
A．be B．were C．is D．am
18．There ______ a man and three children in the photo.
A．have B．are C．is D．has
19．There ____ a hotel and two banks on Center Street.
A．are B．is C．has D．have
20．—Jim, how do your parents like music？
—______ my dad ______ my mom likes it. They both like country music.
A．Either；or B．Not only；but also
C．Neither；nor D．Both; and
21．Lisa and her friends __________fun at the party right now.
A．have B．are having C．has D．is having
22．What are Mr. and Mrs Black doing? They_____tea in the garden.
A．are drinking B．drinks C．is drinking D．drink
23．Look!The children________ English now.
A．study B．studies C．is studying D．are studying
24．—What’s in your room?—There ______ a clock and two pictures in my room. A．have B．are C．is
25．Either you or she ______at home when mum is out．
A．be B．is C．are
26．You ________ have to wash the dishes now．
A．can’t B．doesn’t C．don’t D．not
27．Not only the young but also the old _______ getting interested _______ WeChat(微信). A．is; about B．is; for C．are; in D．are; by
28．Neither Suzy nor I afraid of making a speech in public now.
A．am B．are C．is D．were
29．----Could you get me a piano, Mum?
----There ________ enough room for one in our room. But we’ll try.
A．is B．are C．isn’t D．aren’t
30．Either you or I ___ invited to the important meeting.
A．be B．is C．am D．are.
31．Either you ___your sister ____because one of you must stay at home.
A．or, goes B．nor, go C．or, go
32．---Neither Tony nor I interested in playing Weibo.
A．am B．is C．are D．be
33．Not only my parents but also I _____ deeply moved by the song The Road Home by Andy Liu at the 2015 Spring Festival Gala (春晚).
A．were B．was C．are D．am
34．----How much the shoes? ----- $20.
A．are, It is B．are, They are C．is, It is D．is , They are
35．Neither my classmates nor my teacher_____ chess better than me.
A．play B．plays C．playing D．played
36．Neither they nor I __________ to go camping yesterday．
A．am allowed B．are allowed C．was allowed D．were allowed 37．Dad, this phone is ringing, I guess either you or Mum on the phone.
A．want B．are wanted C．wants D．is wanted
38．There still some milk in the kitchen. We don’t need to go to the store.
A．be B．is C．are
39．Tom as well as his parents _____ going to London last year.
A．is B．are C．was
40．--- Not only my friend but also I __________ interested in football. What about you?
--- I like playing basketball.
A．be B．is C．am D．are
41．When I opened the fridge, there ______ only some eggs and a bottle of milk.
A．is B．are C．was D．were
42．（How time flies! We’ll graduate. Three years __________ really a short time.
A．was B．are C．is D in
43．Different ______ different ______.
A．countries have；weather B．country have；weathers
C．countries have；weathers D．country has；weather
44．Maria often ____ breakfast at seven o’clock.
A．drink B．has C．have D．eat
45．A number of tourists ____ Yangzhou many times because it is such a beautiful city. A．have been to B．has been to C．has gone to D．have gone to
46．-__________ you with your grandparents two days ago?
-Yes, I __________ with them in Beijing.
A．Was, were B．Were, was C．Were, were D Was, was
47．-Ten minutes ago, there __________ an eraser, a pen and some books on the desk.But now there __________ anything on it.
-Don't worry. Maybe someone put them away.
A．was, isn't B．were, isn't C．is, wasn't D was, wasn't
48．Yesterday my teacher __________ ill, and we went to the hospital to visit her.
A．was B．is C．were D on
49．Not only his parents but also his English teacher___ proud of him .
A．is B．are C．be D．take
50．Now the number of Chinese people working in Africa more than one million.
A. is B．are C．was D．were
参考答案
1．B【解析】句意：今天有一个时装表演。have表示某人或某物拥有……；there be表示某地或某时有某人或某物。根据today可知此处表示今天有某物，故用there be句型，主语a fashion show是第三人称单数形式，故谓语用第三人称单数is，故选B。
2．C【解析】句意：不仅父亲，而且母亲总是忙于工作，所以我不得不照顾自己。Both; and 表示两者都，连接并列主语，谓语用复数形式；根据谓语is是单数，故排除A项。Neither; nor 既不，也不，连接并列主语，谓语采用就近原则；Not only; but also不仅，而且，连接并列主语，谓语采用就近原则；根据so I have to look after myself. 可知我自己照顾自己，因此父亲和母亲都很忙，故选C。
3．A【解析】句意：不是你就是你的一个学生被邀请参加明天的会议。考查主谓一致和被动语态。被动语态构成：Be动词+过去分词；Either … or…：或者…或者…；作主语时，就近原则，即看or后面的名词或代词，本句的主语one of（…之一）第三人称单数，be动词用is；结合句意和语境可知选A。
4．B【解析】这些学生和老师都不知道去南京图书馆的路。neither…nor …连接并列结构，如果连接的是主语，谓语动词有就近原则，根据靠近谓语动词的是the teacher单数名称，故选B。
点睛：连接主语有就近原则的主要有：neither…nor…既不……也不……；either… or…或者……或者……；not only…but also…不仅……而且……。此外there be句型中如果有多个并列主语，也有就近原则。
5．B【解析】句意：不但你而且我错了。A.is是，用于主语是第三人称单数；B. am是，用于主语是Ｉ时；C. are用于主语是第二人称及各种人称的复数；D. be原形形式。Not only…but also…作主语时，谓语与靠近它的主语在数量上相一致，本题中与谓语靠近的是主语是Ｉ，与Ｉ连用的是am。故选Ｂ。
6．B【解析】句意：他和我都不是老师。Neither,nor连接并列主语时，谓语采用就近原则，离谓语最近的主语是I,故谓语用am，故选B。
7．A【解析】句意：我和杰克都没去过香港，所以我们计划去那里旅行。neither…nor…既不……也不……，连接两个主语时，有就近原则，首先排除B,D；have been to表示某人去过某地；have gone to表示某人去了某地，故答案为A。
点睛：both … and“双者都”，连接句子的两个主语时，其后谓语动词通常用使用复数形式。either … or；neither … nor与not only … but also注意采取“就近原则”。还要注意have been to与have gone to的区别。have(has)been to表示“曾经去过某地”，现在已经不在那里了。
可与just, ever, never等连用；have(has) gone to 意为“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之，说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一、第二人称代词作句子的主语。8．D【解析】句意：在办公室有四位老师和一名学生。there be句型表示某时或某地有某人或某物；have表示某人或某物拥有。根据in the office可知此处表示办公室有某人，故用there be.There be表示有，谓语采用就近原则，此处离谓语最近的主语four teachers是复数形式，故谓语用复数，故为are。故选D。
9．A【解析】句意：不仅你而且我都对那首英文歌曲《昨日重现》感兴趣。not only, but also “不仅，而且”连接并列主语，谓语动词采用就近原则，此处离谓语最近的主语是I，故谓语用am，故选A。
10．A【解析】句意：李华和我都不擅长写作。Neither……nor“既不…也不…”连接两个主语时，谓语动词应与最近的主语保持一致，即遵循“就近原则”。故选A。
点睛：此题考查就近原则，连词词组either …or或者……或者；neither…nor既不……也不；not only…but also不但……而且。连接两个主语时，谓语动词单复数的选择要看离谓语动词最近的主语。如：Either they or Jim is going to Shanghai next Saturday. = Either Jim or they are going to shanghai next Saturday.
Not only Ann but also her parents stay at home every Sunday. = Not only Ann's parents but also she stays at home every Sunday.
11．B【解析】句意：桌子上有一些牛奶和两个苹果。There be句型中be动词的单复数形式由后面紧挨着的名词所决定，milk为不可数名词，be动词用is，答案为B。
点睛：There be句型的就近原则：
在there be句型中，如果"be"后的主语是由and连接的两个或两个以上的名词，be的形式要遵循“远亲不如近邻”的原则。也就是说，“be”的形式是由与它最近的那个名词来确定的。若那个名词是单数或不可数名词要用is , 是复数就用are. 如：
1) There is a book and some pens on the floor.
在地板上有一本书和一些钢笔。
(book和pens都是名词，但是book离there更近，所以“be”由book来确定，book是单数there 后面的be要用is.)
2) There are some pens and a book on the floor.
在地板上有一些钢笔和一本书。
(book和pens都是名词，但是pens离there更近，所以“be”由pens来确定，pens是复数，所
以there后面的be要用are.)
12．A【解析】句意：在桌子上有一本书、一些盒子和一些钥匙。there be句型符合就近原则，空格后的主语是a book是单数形式，所以be的形式用单数形式，用is，故选A。13．B【解析】句意：桌子上有一张票，一个台灯和一些钥匙。There be句型，表示“有”，谓语动词采用就近原则，根据离谓语近的主语来判断，此处离谓语最近的主语a ticket是单数，故谓语用单数is。故选B。
点睛：there be句型表示某个时间或地方“存在”某人或某物。have表示主语“拥有”某人或某物，作宾语的某人或某物属主语所有。此处表示在桌子上有东西，故用there be句型。根据就近原则，此处离谓语最近的主语a ticket是单数，故用is。
14．C
【解析】句意：不仅莉莉而且山姆都喜欢喜欢流行歌曲，所以他们昨天晚上一起去参加周杰伦的音乐会。根据谓语动词likes是第三人称单数，故主语用第三人称单数，故排除A项。根据together可知他们都喜欢流行音乐，不是两者中的一个，故排除B项，故选C。
点睛：Both,and两者都，连接并列主语，谓语动词用复数形式。Either,or或者，或者，连接并列主语，谓语采用就近原则。Not only, but also不仅，而且，连接并列主语，谓语采用就近原则。
15．D【解析】句意：在10年后这所学校将有很多学生。There be表示某地或某时存在某物，have表示某人或某物拥有；根据in the school in 10 years.可知此处表示10年后，在学校将有很多学生，故用there be句型的一般将来时。There be的谓语采用就近原则，此处主语many students是复数，故谓语用复数形式，故为are going to be，故选D。
16．A【解析】句意：在我们的新房子里有一个大的客厅和两个卧室。was是be动词的过去式，用于主语是单数的时候；were是be动词的过去式，用于主语是复数的时候；be是动词原形；are是be动词的形式，复数形式。这句话使用的是there be句型，be动词的形式要根据就近原则，与离它最近的主语形式一致，空后是a big living room，是单数，故应选A。17．C
【解析】句意：——什么在桌子上？——有一些披萨和苹果。根据There be句型的“就近原则”pizza比萨饼，是不可数名词，这里的be动词用is。根据题意，故选C。
点睛：There be句型中be动词的单复数形式由后面挨近的一项的单复数决定。本题中离be 动词最近的是some pizza是不可数名词，这里be动词用is。故选C。
18．C【解析】句意：照片里有一个男人和三个孩子。如果There be句型后面是几个并列
名词作主语时，动词be的形式和最靠近它的那个名词保持数的一致。man为单数名词，故答案为C。
19．B【解析】句意：中心街上有一家旅馆和两个银行。此句是There be句型，首先排除C,D；如果There be句型后面是几个并列名词作主语时，动词be的形式和最靠近它的那个名词保持数的一致。hotel为单数名词，故答案为B。
点睛：There be句型的就近原则也是主谓一致语法项目的重点考点。There be句型中be动词的单复数形式由后面挨近的一项的单复数决定。如：There is a pen, two books and many pencils on the desk.在本句中尽管有钢笔、书和铅笔，但是由于离be动词最近的一项是单数a pen，因此，be动词用单数is；又如：有一本书和三只猫。There is a book and three cats.反过来，有三只猫和一本书。There are three cats and a book.
20．B【解析】句意：--- 吉姆，你父母认为音乐怎样？--- 我爸爸和妈妈都非常喜欢音乐。他们都喜欢乡村音乐。根据句意，结合答语中They both like country music.可知答案，此处表达两人都喜欢，但是结合likes谓语动词使用的是单数形式，可知主语为单数，而both …and出现谓语动词表示复数；not only but also需要使用就近原则。故答案为：B。
21．B【解析】句意：Lisa和她的朋友们现在正在聚会上玩得开心。have有，吃，动词原形；are having是现在进行时态；has是have的第三人称单数形式；is having也是现在进行时，用于主语是单数的时候。根据句意和句中的right now可知，这里表示现在正在发生的动作，应使用现在进行时。主语是Lisa and her friends，是复数，故选B。
22．A【解析】句意：Black先生和夫人正在做什么？-他们正在花园里喝茶。are drinking正在喝茶；drinks是第三人称单数形式；is drinking用于主语是单数的时候；drink喝，是动词原形。根据句意和问题所使用的时态可知，这里的回答中也应使用现在进行时态，表示正在进行的动作，主语they是复数，故选A。
23．D【解析】句意：看！这些孩子们现在正在学习英语。study学习，动词原形；studies 是第三人称单数形式；is studying现在进行时，主语应该是单数；are studying现在进行时，主语是复数。这句话的主语是The children，是复数，故选D。
24．C【解析】句意：--你的房间里有什么？--在我的房间里有一座钟和两张照片。have有，实意动词，必须有主语；there be …表示某地有某物。there be句型中的系动词总是和紧挨着的名称保持一致，即就近原则。根据挨近系动词的是单数名称，故选C。
25．B【解析】句意：当妈妈外出的时候，你或她留在家里。either A or B连接并列的两个主语时，应该遵循的就近原则，也就是说：在肯定句中谓语动词的单复数应该与or后的主
语保持人称和数的一致。这里的谓语动词的单复数应该与she一致，she是第三人称单数，故谓语动词也用单数形式。故选B。
26．C【解析】句意：你现在不必洗碗。修饰情态动词have to，主语you是第二人称，助动词用非第三人称单数，故用don’t，故选C。
27．D【解析】试题分析：句意：不仅年轻的而且老人们对微信也变得有兴趣。短语get interested in doing sth.表示对……感兴趣；not only....but also...表示不仅……而且……；连接两个主语时，谓语动词采用就近原则。根据题意。故选D。
考点：考查主谓一致及介词短语
28．A【解析】试题分析：句意：现在无论是苏西还是我都害怕公开演讲。Neither … nor既不……也不，当连接并列主语时，要遵循就近原则，所以选A。
考点：考查主谓一致。
29．C
【解析】
试题分析：句意：妈妈，你能给我买一架钢琴吗？——在我们的房间里没有足够的空间，但我们会尽力的。room此处为不可数名词，空间的意思。结合句意，答案为C。
考点：考查主谓一致。
30．C【解析】试题分析：句意：或者邀请你或者邀请我去参加这个重要的会议。either…or…：或者……或者……；要么……要么……，作主语时，谓语按“就近原则”决定单复数。本题中空格前是I，be动词用am，故选C。
【考点定位】考查主谓一致。
31．A【解析】试题分析：句意：或者你或者你姐姐去，因为你们中必须有一个留在家里。与either搭配的英语结构是：either… or…:“或者……或者……；要么……要么……”该结构在句中作主语里，谓语的数按“就近原则”，与靠近谓语的主语一致。your sister是第三人称单数，动词要像名词变复数那样加s/es。故选A。
【考点定位】考查连词辨析及主谓一致。
32．A【解析】试题分析：句意：Tony不喜欢，我也不喜欢玩微博。Neither….nor…：……既不，……也不，该结构作主语时，谓语的数遵循“就近原则”，谓语动词在人称和数上和相邻近的主语一致。本题与I一致，be动词用am。故选A。
【考点定位】考查主谓一致。
33．B【解析】试题分析：句意：在2015年春晚不仅我而且我的父母都被刘德华演唱的‘回
家的路’深深地感动了。not only…but also…,不仅……而且……，如果连接主语，谓语动词和紧挨着的主语保持一致。根据事情发生在春晚，可知用过去时态，谓语动词和I 保持一致，故选B。
考点：考查主谓一致。
34．B【解析】试题分析：句意：---这鞋子多少钱？---20美元。此题考查主谓一致，因为主语是shoes，故用are；根据句意，故选B。
考点：考查主谓一致。
35．B【解析】试题分析：句意:我的同学们和我的老师下棋都不如我比较好。play chess 下棋。这句话的主语是neither my classmates nor my teacher，是由neither…nor 连接的，这时谓语动词的单复数形式应该根据就近原则，跟离它最近的主语形式一致。因此这里应该用单数形式。故选B。
考点：考查主谓一致。
36．C【解析】试题分析：句意：，昨天他们和我都不被允许去野营。据yesterday句子要用一般过去时态；．Neither ... nor ...连接并列主语，谓语动词用就近原则，主语I 是allow的承受者，故句子要用被动语态。据题意，故选C。
考点：考查被动语态。
37．D【解析】试题分析：句意：我猜电话或者是找你的或者是找妈妈的。主语you or Mum 是want的承受者，故句子用被动语态；either … or …连接并列主语，谓语动词根据就近原则故用is，故选D。
考点：考查一般现在时的被动语态。
38．B【解析】试题分析：句意：在厨房里仍然有一些牛奶,我们没有必要去商店。这里是there be句型，be的形式应该与它后的主语一致，句子的主语是milk是不可数名词，故用单数。故选B。
考点：考查主谓一致。
39．C【解析】A as well as B “不仅…而且”做主语时，谓语动词用单数还是复数由A 决定。故此句中的主语时Tom，结合表过去时态的提示词last year，故答案选C。
40．C【解析】
试题分析：Not only…. but also….表示不仅……而且……当连接两个主语是谓语动词采用就近原则。句意：---不仅我的朋友而且我对足球感兴趣，你那？----我喜欢打篮球。根据题意故选C.考点：考查动词的形式。
41．D【解析】试题分析：句意：当我打开冰箱的时候，只有一些鸡蛋和一瓶牛奶。根据从句谓语动词的时态和There be 句型的就近原则得知，因此答案选D。
考点：考查动词时态和主谓一致。
42．C【解析】时间作主语时谓语动词用单数。由句意决定时态用一般现在时，故选C。43．A【解析】不同的国家有不同的天气，国家是可数名词，天气不可数。故A正确。44．B【解析】have breakfast“吃早饭”，Maria是第三人称单数, 动词应与主语在人称和上保持一致, 故选B。
45．A【解析】句中主语“a number of+名词复数”表示大量的······，则谓语动词要用复数。have been to表示去过某地（人已经回来了）；have gone to表示去了某地（人还没有回来），根据句中many times“许多次了”可知要用have been to，所以选择答案A。46．B【解析】考查主谓一致的原则，根据句意可知是一般过去时，主语you 应与were 搭配；主语I 应与was搭配，故选B。
47．A【解析】考查动词的时态及主谓一致，根据句中的标志词可知前句是一般过去时，后句表达的是现在进行时的概念，故选A。
48．A【解析】考查动词的时态，根据句中的时间标志词可知考查一般过去时的用法，且主语是单数，故选A。
49．A【解析】考查主谓一致原则。not only …but also…,连接并列主语时，谓语动词和but also 后面主语保持一致。故答案为A。
50．A【解析】考查主谓一致。the number of...指“……的数量”，谓语动词用单数；now表示现在时。
主谓一致测试题及答案（word） 一、主谓一致 1．----Where would you like to go tomorrow, Beijing or Xi'an? ---- is OK. It’s up to you. A．Either B．Neither C．Both D．All 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意：——明天你想去哪里，北京还是西安？——两个都可以。由你决定。考查不定代词辨析题。either二者择其一；neither两者都不，表否定；both两者都；all全都。both和all都需用复数动词形式，和is不搭配，可排除CD两项。根据OK，可知是肯定句，故选A。 2．There is only one position. The boss has to choose Jack Tom to be a manager. A．both; and B．neither; nor C．either; or D．not only; but also 【答案】C 【解析】 句意：只有一个位置，老板必须选择或者杰克或者汤姆作为经理。根据句意因为只有一个位置，结合选项，推测意思是老板不得不选择杰克或汤姆当经理，即固定短语either…or…，或者…或者，故答案选C。 点睛：A. both; and两者都…，连接两个不同的词语作主语时，谓语动词用复数；B. neither; nor既不…也不…；C. either; or或者…或者…；D. not only; but also不仅…而且…；B、C、D三个选项在连接两个不同的词语作主语时，其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致，就是我们所说的“就近原则”。本题根据句意可知C选项符合题意，故答案选C。 3．—Why are you walking so quickly, Edward? —There_____ a talent show in ten minutes. A．will have B．will be C．is going to have D．are going to be 【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】 考点：考查一般将来时。 【详解】 试题分析：句意：——你为什么走那么快，爱德华？——十分钟后就有个才艺表演。根据时间状语in then minutes十分钟后，句子要用一般将来时；句型there be有……;其一般将来
主谓一致和就近就远原则 就近一致原则 也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”，即：谓语与靠近的名词、代词（有时不一定是主语）在“人称、人数”上一致。 一、在正式文体中： 1.由下列词语连接的并列主语：“therebe+句型； oreither...or;nor;neither...nor;whether...or;not...but;notonly...but also”等。 Eg. (1)What he does or what he says does not concern me.他的行为或言谈与我无关。 (2)Neither you nor I am wrong.你和我都没错。 (3)Not you but your father is to blame. 不是你，而是你的父亲该受责备。 (4)Not only you but (also) he is wrong. 不仅你错了，他也错了。 2.在倒装句中，谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。 Eg.(1)In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and theshouts of the people. 在远处，能听见鼓掌和人们的呼喊声。 (2)There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk.桌上有一支钢笔和几本书。非正式文体中： 有时依“就近”和“意义”一致的原则；但语法上，“noone”才是主语，谓语要改成“agrees”。“写作中”一般要依“语法一致”原则。
总结：英语就近原则短语 1.Therebe句型 Thereisabookandsomepencilsonthedesk.=Therearesomepencilsandabookonthedesk. 2.Neither...nor... Neither you nor he is right.=Neither he nor you are right. 3.either...or... Either they or Jim is going to Shanghai next Saturday.=Either Jim or they are going to Shanghai next Saturday. 4.not only...but also... Not only Ann but also her parents stay at home every Sunday.=Notonly Ann’s parentsbut alsoshestays athome everySunday. 就远原则 谓语动词与前面主语一致 代表词汇：as well as;(together/along)with;Rather than;except;besides;but;including;in addition to;apart from例子：He rather than I is right. Nobody but two students is in the classroom. 主谓一致 一、当主语后面与with,aswellas,but,except,like,ratherthan,no less than,besides,including等+名词或代词连用时，谓语动词与第一个主语保持一致。 1.Theteacher,with6girlsand8boysofherclass,___visitinga museum when the earthquake struck. A.was B.were C.had been D.would be
创作编号： GB8878185555334563BT9125XW 创作者：凤呜大王* 主谓一致和就近就远原则 就近一致原则 也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”，即：谓语与靠近的名词、代词（有时不一定是主语）在“人称、人数”上一致。 一、在正式文体中： 1.由下列词语连接的并列主语：“there be+句型；or either...or;nor;neither...nor;whether...or;not...but;not only...but also”等。 Eg. (1)What he does or what he says does not concern me. 他的行为或言谈与我无关。 (2)Neither you nor I am wrong.你和我都没错。 (3)Not you but your father is to blame. 不是你，而是你的父亲该受责备。
(4)Not only you but (also) he is wrong. 不仅你错了，他也错了。 2.在倒装句中，谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。 Eg.(1)In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people. 在远处，能听见鼓掌和人们的呼喊声。 (2)There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk. 桌上有一支钢笔和几本书。 非正式文体中： 有时依“就近”和“意义”一致的原则；但语法上，“no one”才是主语，谓语要改成“agrees”。“写作中”一般要依“语法一致”原则。总结：英语就近原则短语 1.There be句型There is a book and some pencils on the desk. =There are some pencils and a book on the desk. 2.Neither...nor... Neither you nor he is right.=Neither he nor you are right. 3.either...or... Either they or Jim is going to Shanghai next Saturday. =Either Jim or they are going to Shanghai next Saturday. 4.not only...but also... Not only Ann but also her parents stay at home every Sunday. =Not only Ann’s parents but also she stays at home every Sunday.
英语语法讲解——主谓一致 英语中,主语的单复数形式决定着谓语动词的单复数形式. 主谓一致必须遵循以下三条原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则,就近一致原则.根据这三条原则,现从以下几个方面进行总结: 一, 并列结构作主语时的主谓一致 1.由and 连接的两个单数名词作主语时,谓语动词一般根据语法一致的原则用复数. 如: A young man and a girl want to go there. 一个青年男子和一个姑娘想去那里. 但如果在意义上指同一个人,同一件事或同一个概念时,谓语动词要用单数形式.如: A needle and thread was found on the floor. 在地板上找到了针线(穿了线的针). 2. 当each ...and each..., every...and every..., no...and no..., many a...and many a...结构作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式.如: ①No man and no animal is to be found on the moo n. 在月球上没发现人和动物. ②Many a doctor and many a nurse is busy with their work.
许多医生和护士都忙于他们的工作. 3.一个单数名词同时被两个不同的形容词修饰,表示两个不同的概念时,谓语动词一般用复数.如: Ancient and modern history are the subjects we are s tudying. 古代史和现代史是我们目前学习的课程. 但如果表示的是同一概念时应用单数.如: The last and most difficult lesson is lesson14. 14课是最后一课也是最难的一课. 4. 由not only... but also ... , either...or ... , neither... nor... , ... or...连接的并列主语,谓语动词通常依就近一致原则决定.如: Either the players or the coach is responsible for the defeat. 不是运动员就是教练应该对这次比赛的失利负责. 5. 当主语由as well as, along with, together with, rathe r than, no less than（不少于，多达）, but, except, besides, in addition to, like, including等词连接时,其谓语动词的单复数形式通常由前面的词来决定. 如: ①An iron and steal works, with some satellite factorie s is to be built here.
Agreement between subject and verb 主谓一致主要有以下三个原则： 1、语法一致原则（5种情况） 2、意义一致原则（10种情况） 3、就近原则 语法一致原则 1．and连接不同的人或事时作主语时,谓语动词用复数；但如果连接的名词指的是同一人或物, 或同一概念时, 谓语要用单数。The singer and dancer____ going to give us a performance. The knife and fork ____on the table. 2. 不定式, 动词ing形式或主语从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。What he is doing seems very important. Collecting stamps is his hobby. 3. 定语从句的关系代词who, which, that在从句中作主语时，要与先行词的人称和数保持一致。 Those who enjoy singing may join us. Tom, who is your friend, should help you. I, who am a teacher, lack humor. 4. with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, like, without, except, but, including 如果句子中有这些连接词和主语连用,谓语动词的数随主语的变化而变化。例如：The teacher together with his students, is planting trees in the street. 5. many a, more than one与单数名词组成的短语, 谓语用单数。Many a boy has seen it. More than one student is required to redo the homework. 意义一致原则 1. 不定代词all, more, some, any, none作主语,谓语动词视情况而定。All of the apples ____rotten. All of the apple ____rotten. 2. the rest of; half of; part of; the majority of等以及分数、百分比在句子中加名词作主语的时候,谓语动词与of后面的名词保持一致。 Half of the students _____finished their composition. Half of the water ____(pollute). 3. 集合名词作主语，强调整体谓语动词用单数；指全体人员时, 动词则用复数。这一类常见的集合名词有public, family, class, crowd, audience, team, government, group。 His family ____already________(move)to France. His family ____all music lovers. 4. 某些名词如people, police, cattle等,形式上是单 数, 但意义上是复数, 谓语动词应用复数。 people指“民族”时是例外。 The police__________ searching for a thief. The cattle____________eating grass on the hill. 5. 不定代词作主语, 谓语动词要用单数，如someone ,somebody, something, anybody…等Someone is asking for you. 6. 某些名词如clothes, trousers, shoes, glasses, pants, shorts等, 通常只用其复数形式, 但当它们被a pair of 修饰时, 谓语动词用单数。 Here _____ a new pair of shoes for you. 7．某些名词以s结尾如maths, politics, physics, news, plastics 等，谓语动词应用单数。 Physics is a very interesting subject. 8. 以a number of 作主语时, 谓语动词用复数; 以the number of 作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。 A number of new books are on the desk. The number of students in you class is 50. 9. 单复数同形的名词, 作主语的时候, 其谓语动词由上下文决定, 这一类名词有: means, works, deer, fish, sheep, Chinese, Japanese等。 Not every means is useful.。Not all means are useful. 10. 如果主语由“the + 形容词(或过去分词)”结构担任时,谓语通常用复数;这类词有: the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead等 就近原则 either ... or; neither ... nor; not only ... but also, whether...or在句子中连接主语的时候或者在there be句型中,谓语动词要和就近的主语保持一致。 应该注意的几个问题: 1. 在主谓倒装的句子中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。例如:Between the two windows ________（hang）a picture. 2.a (large) quantity of 修饰可数或不可数名词, 其短语作主语时,谓语动词单复数看后面的名词。 A large quantity of people __________needed here. quantities of 修饰可数或不可数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词用复数。例如: Quantities of food (nuts)___________ on the table. 3. 表示数量的one and a half 后, 名词要用复数形式, 但是其短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。例如：One and a half bananas is left on the table.
主谓一致/就近原则专题 I.适应练习 (主谓一致) ﹡1. Tom as well as his friends ______ (tell) to go out buying some equipment for camping last week. ﹡2. All the meals apart from breakfast ______ (include) in the price. ﹡3. Flight AF421 besides some other flights ______ (delay) because of the heavy fog yesterday. ﹡4. All the guests including him ______ (seat) at the big table now. ﹡5. The thief, together with his companions ______ (not want) to stay in the crowd for long and ______ (appear) immediately. ﹡6. Nobody except your parents always______ (love) you. ﹡7. Fresh fruit like peaches and cherries ______ (sell) very well. ﹡8. Mr. Hu, different from other teachers _______ (not follow) the school code. 笔记： （就近原则） ﹡1. There ______ (be) a CD player and two televisions in the room. ﹡2. Not only their houses but also his ______ (locate) in the west of Chengdu. ﹡3. Either my friends or she ______ (ask) to tell how the accident took place yesterday. ﹡4. Neither the writers nor the singer and actor ______ (invite) to the party yesterday. 笔记： 1. What _______ the staff looking for? A. is B. are C. will D. did 2. You should try Larry and Kevin’s restaurant because _____ the best in the city. A. theirs is B. their’s is C. they are D. their’s are ﹡3. The number of people invited ______ fifty, but a number of them ______ absent for different reasons. (MENT 96) A. were, was B. was, was C. was, were D. were, were ﹡4. A pair of broken glasses ______ on the desk. A. is laying B. is lying C. are lying D. are laying 5. There ______ I’d like to answer this evening. A. are one or two letters B. has one or two letters C. is one or two letters D. have one or two letters 6. Not only the students but also the teacher ______ about the matter. A. are talking B. is to talk C. have talked D. are having talked 7. The teacher with his students ________ in the lab ________ some experiments now. (10 年) A. is; doing B. are; doing C. is; do D. are; do ﹡8. The problem of the town with ______ trees and ______ floods ______ becoming more and more serious.
主谓一致的用法及专项练习题 一、主谓一致三原则 主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。 1. 语法一致原则：指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。 Tom is a good student. 汤姆是个好学生。 They often play football on the playground. 他们经常在操场上踢足球。 2. 意义一致：指主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义，这是谓语动词用单数形式。 My family is having lunch now. 我们一家人现在正吃午饭。 Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book. 这本书20美元太贵了。 3. 就近一致：指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近他的主语。例如： Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football. 不仅老师喜欢踢足球，而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。 There is a pen and some books on the desk. 课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。 二、主谓一致常考题型 1. 单数名词(代词)，不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式，复数名词(代词)作主语，谓语用复数形式。 The desk is Tom’s. 这张桌子是汤姆的。 Some water is in the bottle. 一些水在瓶子里。 The students are playing football on the playground. 这些学生正在操场上踢足球。 2. many a+单数名词作主语，意义虽为“许多”，但谓语要用单数形式。 Many a student has been to Shanghai. 许多学生到过上海。 3. more than one+单数名词作主语，谓语用单数。 More than one student has ever been to Beijing. 不止一个学生曾经去过北京。 4. 表示时间，价格，重量，数目，长度，数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，这些通常作一个整体概念，谓语用单数形式。例如： Two months is a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假。 Twenty pounds isn’t so heavy. 20英镑并不太重。 Ten miles isn’t a long distance. 10英里并不是一段很长的距离。 Five minus four is one. 5减4等于1。 5. 主语是each/every+单数名词+and(each/every)+单数名词时，谓语动词用单数。 Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。
高中英语主谓一致知识点讲解 本文主要讲解主谓一致，并列结构作主语时谓语用复数主谓一致中的靠近原则谓语动词与前面的主语一致 等常见考点。 主谓一致是指： 1）语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 3）就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语， 一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。例如： There is much water in the thermos. 但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如： Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year. 15.1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数，例如： Reading and writing are very important. 读写很重要。 注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。例如： The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。 典型例题 The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. is B. was C. are D. were 答案B. 注：先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C。本题易误选D，因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨别，monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。 15.2 主谓一致中的靠近原则 1）当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。例如：There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 桌上有一支笔、一把小刀和几本书。 There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.班上有二十个男孩，二十三个女孩。 2）当either… or… 与neither… nor，连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。如果句子是由here, there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。例如： Either you or she is to go. 不是你去，就是她去。 Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you. 给你笔、信封和纸。 15.3 谓语动词与前面的主语一致 当主语有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词组
【英语】英语主谓一致练习题及答案 一、主谓一致 1．Now my father _____ his bike to work every day instead of driving. A．ride B．rode C．rides D．will ride 【答案】C 【解析】 考查点：一般现在时的用法。解题思路：every day意为“每天”，表示经常性，习惯性的动作，故该句子要使用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，故答案选C；选项B、D时态错误； 2．It is reported that the population of China smaller in the past few months. The aging（老龄化） is a big problem. More parents are encouraged to give birth to more babies. A．became B．will become C．have become D．has become 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：据报道，中国人口在过去的几个月里已经变少了。老龄化是一个大问题。鼓励更多的父母生更多的孩子。A. became变成，一般过去时态；B. will become 将变成，一般将来时；C. have become已经变成，现在完成时；D. has become已经变成，现在完成时，第三人称单数。主语是the population，根据语境可知是现在完成时，其结构has done的形式。根据句意，故选D。 3．（用在否定句中）也,而且;根本 If you don't go, I won't either. 你如不去,我也不去。 It won't do them any good, but it won't do them any harm either. 这对他们没有好处,但也没有坏处。 4．（通常与or连用）或者 Either you or your father must see this young man today. 你或是你的父亲今天必须见这位年轻人。 副词 ad. 5．（两者之中）任何一个 I don't agree with either of you on these issues. 在这些问题上,你们两个我都不同意。 连接词 conj. 6．---______ is the population of the town? ---Over 20,000. And a third of the population ____ workers of the car factory.
主谓一致(就近原则练 习)03
笨老师分享课堂:主谓一致(就近原则练习)03 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、单选题 1．There ______a fashion show(时装表演)today. A． does B． is C． has D． can 2．______my father ______ my mother is busy at work, so I have to look after myself. A． Both; and B． Neither; nor C． Not only; but also 3．Either you or one of your students _____ asked to attend tomorrow's meeting. A． is B． have C． are D． has 4．Neither the students nor the teacher ___________ the way to Nanjing Library. A． know B． knows C． don't know D． doesn't know 5．Not only you but also I _________ wrong. A． is B． am C． are D． be 6．Neither he nor I ________ a teacher. A． is B． am C． are D． be 7．Neither Jack nor I to Hong Kong, so we are planning a trip there. A． have been B． has been C． have gone D． has gone 8．There four teachers and a student in the office. A． have B． has C． is D． are 9．Not only you but also I _________interested in the English song Yesterday Once More.
主谓一致的讲解 一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致 1.由and 连接主语时 And 连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时根据意义或概念确定谓语用单数或复数 1)并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时谓语动词用复数 Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students. Like many others, the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there in search of gold. 小流浪汉和调皮的小男孩也赶到那里寻找金子 Both rice and wheat are grown in this area. 2)并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。 The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting. 那位教授兼作家正在会上发言 A journalist and authour lives on the sixth floor. 一位新闻记者兼作家 His lawyer and former college friend was with him on his trip to Europe. 他的律师兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行 The Premier and Foreign Minister was present at the state banquet. 总理兼外长 比较：the writer and the educator have visited our school. the writer and educator has visited our school. His lawyer and his former college friend were with him on his trip to Europe. 注意：指同一个人或物时，并列主语前只用一个冠词，指不同的需要分别加冠词，但两个名词具有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可 A boy and girl are playing tennis. 3)并列主语前有each, every, many a , no 等修饰时谓语动词用单数 Each doctor and (each) nurse working in the hospital was asked to help patients. Every man, woman and child is entitled to take part in the activity. 有权参加 Every boy and (every) girl admires him for his fine sense of humour. Many a boy and (many a ) girl has made the same mistake No boy and no girl is there now.没有任何男孩和女孩在那里 注意：many a 跟单数可数名词但是表示复数意义翻译为很多 Many a student was disappointed after seeing the movie. 4)并列主语为不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数 A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up. 法规制定 The knife and fork has been washed 刀叉已经被洗好 War and peace is a constant theme in history 战争与和平是历史永恒的主题 注意;常被视为主体的结构 A cup and saucer 一副杯碟 A horse and cart 马车 A knife and fork 一副刀叉 A law and rule 法规 A needle and thread 一套针线 Fish and chips 炸鱼加炸薯条 The stars and stripes 星条旗
．主谓一致 主谓一致是指一个句子的主语和谓语动词保持数的一致关系。英语主谓一致一般要遵循三条原则，即：语法一致原则；意义一致原则和就近原则。 1.语法一致原则 语法一致原则是指谓语动词和它的主语在语法形式上必须取得一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式，如： Tom doesn’t like swimming. 汤姆不喜欢游泳。 Jane and Mary look alike. 简和玛丽看起来很像。 2.意义一致原则 意义一致原则是指谓语动词和主语的一致，同由主语所表达的单数概念来决定，而不是根据主语的实际语法形式。 有时主语的语法形式是单数，但所表达的概念是复数意义，这时动词应采用复数形式，如： The football team are having breakfast now. 足球队员们在吃早饭。 The news was exciting. 这条消息令人振奋。 3.就近原则 就近原则指谓语动词的人称和数要在形式上与最靠近它的那个名词或代词取得一致。当一个句子有两个主语而它们又是either...or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also…, or 等连接时，谓语动词与靠近它的主语保持一致，如： Either your students or Mr Wang knows this. 你的学生们或王老师知道这件事。 Neither Jim nor his friends were interested in this film. 汤姆和他的朋友们都对这部电影不感兴趣。 主谓一致这三个原则中有很多需要注意的问题， 1.主语为集体名词 (1)某些集体名词既可表示单数也可表示复数。如果集体名词作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式，如果就其中一 个成员而言，谓语动词用复数形式，如： Our group were discussing heatedly on the subject. 我们小组成员正对这个问题进行热烈的讨论。（group 指小组成员）Our group is made up of four girls and five boys. 我们小组有4个女孩和5个男孩组成。（group 指小组整体） The population in China is very large, and one third of the population are farmers. 中国的人口很多，其中三分之一是农民。（前一个population 指整体，后一个population 指成员） (2)某些集体名词如people, police, cattle, youth 等常作复数看待，谓语动词与复数形式的谓语搭配，如： The police are searching for him. 警察正在搜寻他。 The cattle were driven away from the hill. 那些牲畜从山上被赶走了。 3.某些名词如equipment（设备），furniture（家具），jewelry（珠宝），clothing（衣服），machinery（机械），表示单数 概念，谓语动词要相应地采用单数形式,如： A lot of equipment has been replaced by the new equipment. 许多旧设备已经被新设备代替了。 All the machinery in the factory was controlled by robots. 这个厂所有的机械都由机器人来控制的。 2.主语为代词 (1)．有些代词尽管意义上是多数，但谓语动词要用单数形式，这类代词有：either, neither, each, another, somebody, someone, something, anything, anyone, everyone, everything, everybody, no one, nothing, nobody 等，如： Neither likes the friends of the other. 两人都不喜欢对方的朋友。 Everything around us is matter. 我们周围所有的东西都是物质。 注意： ①在neither of 与either of 的结构中，谓语动词可用单数形式也可用复数形式，如： Neither of them was / were in good health, but both worked hard. 他们俩身体都不好，但工作却都很努力。 ②each 用于单数名词前，谓语动词用单数形式, each 用于复数主语后，谓语动词用复数形式。each of, each one of 后 接复数名词或代词，但谓语动词常用单数形式。 Each (one) of the houses was different. 每座房子都不同。 Each student has been given their own e-mail address. 每个学生都得到了一个自己的电子邮件地址。