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词汇标书翻译词汇知识

词汇标书翻译词汇知识
词汇标书翻译词汇知识

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本文由wesley2008贡献

招投标书翻译是一项系统的、严谨的工程,一方面招标文件翻译要向投标人传递准确的

招标信息和招标要求,另一方面投标书翻译时不仅要做到语言准确,而且要求保持招标文件和投标书的招投标术语和文本规范高度一致。相对来说,翻译的语言或者语法准确性是较低层次的,一般翻译都能达到要求;而保持招投标文件术语和文本规范的一致性,准确地选用招投标术语,是招投标翻译中需要重点关注的问题。

赛凌翻译基于长期的招投标翻译经验,并认真研习《国际复兴开发银行贷款和国际开发协

会信贷采购指南》(简称《世界银行采购指南》)、《世贸组织政府采购协议(WTOGPA》、《欧盟政府采购指令》、《美国政府采购规则》和《中国招投标法》等国内外招投标相关法律、法规的基础上,总结出国际招投标翻译中需要注意的几个问题。

1. 了解招标方式

在不同的法规体系下,对招标方式( type of tendering )的规定不尽相同,归纳如下:《世界银行采购指南》定义了13 类招标/ 采购方式

国际竞争性招标( international comparative bidding )

有限国际招标( limited international bidding )

国内竞争性招标( domestic comparative bidding )

询价采购( shopping )

直接签订合同( direct contracting )

等等

《世贸组织政府采购协议(WTO GPA》定义了3类招标方式:

公开招标( open tendering )

选择性招标( selective tendering )

局限性招标( limited tendering )

《香港特别行政区政府采购》规则定义了 4 类招标方式

公开招标( open tendering ) 选择性招标( selective tendering )

资格预审招标( prequalified tendering )

- 单一招标或局限性招标( single or restricted tendering )

《中华人民共和国招投标法》定义了 2 类招标方式

- 公开招标( open tendering )

- 邀请招标( selective tendering )

2. 关于招投标主体及相关专业术语的翻译

招投标术语翻译是招投标文件翻译中比较容易混淆的内容,主要原因是由于tender ( 及其变体tenderer 和tendering) 和bid (及其变体bidder 和bidding )在英语词义上都具有招标和投标的双重含义,而且参考以上国际性文件,不同的文本对这两个词选取了相反的含义。

在《世界银行采购指南》中,招投标主体及招投标术语如下:

- 招标人:tenderer

- 投标人:bidder

- 联营体:joint venture

- 招标代理:bidding agency

采购公告:procurement notice

招标公告:notification of bidding

招标文件:bidding documents

招标号:bidding no.

投标邀请:invitation for bids

招标资料表:b idding data sheet

投标人须知:i nstruction to bidders

招标附录:appendix to tender

投标保证金:b id security

履约保证金:p erformance security

投标书:bid

投标书的提交: submission of bid 开标:bid opening 评标:bid evaluation 授予合同:award of contract

中标通知:notification of award

而在《世贸组织政府采购协议(WTO GF)》中,招投标主体及招投标术语如下: 招标人:contracting party, contracting authority, employer

投标人: tenderer

招标文件: tender documentations, tender documents

投标邀请: invitation to tenders

招标公告: tender notice

招标资料表: tendering data sheet

投标人须知: instruction to tenderers

招标附录: appendix to bid

投标保证金:tender security

履约保证金:performance security

投标书: tender

投标书的提交: submission of tender

开标: tender opening, opening of tender

评标: tender evaluation, evaluation of tender

- 授予合同:award of contract

- 中标:award of tender

由此可见,在不同法规体系的招投标书中,对于专业词汇的使用具有较大区别,甚至招标和投标用词完全颠倒的情况。因此,在招投标文件翻译过程中,首先要对招标文件进行完整的分析,找出招标文件采用的是哪种文本规范或者招标文件需要按照哪种文本规范进行翻译。这样,就能准确把握其中的专业词汇,不至于在翻译过程中将“招标”及“投标”误译。其次,对于投标书 (或投标文件) 的翻译,应该严格遵循招标文件中采用的规范文本,投标书的词汇应与招标文件保持严格的一致,避免招标文件中“招标人”用“ tenderer ”一词而在投标书中将“投标人”翻译成“ tenderer ”之类的严重错误。在投标书中严格遵循招标文件的文本规范既体现了投标人对招标人的尊重,也是一种对招标文件的实质性的响应 ( substantial responsive ),这对投标人能否中标有重大的影响。

保密性confidentiality

保证金advance payment, security

报价quotation

备选方案投标alternative bid

标准招标文件Standard Bidding Documents SBDs

不可抗力force majeure

采购procurement

采购代理procurement agent

采购公告procurement notice

采购计划procurement plan

采购决定procurement decision

撤标withdrawal of bid

承包商contractor

澄清要求requests of clarification

迟到的标书late bid

初步描述preliminary description

初步设计preliminary design

错误纠正correction of error 单一招标或局限性招标single or restricted tendering 到岸价Cost, Insurance, and Freight, CIF 非政府组织Nongovernmental organization, NGO

分包商subcontractor

招标与投标中英文对照

progress payment in the form annexed to these conditions semi-skilled unskilled labour maintenance of value specimen of letter of guarantee performance security form insurance company insurance policy insurance premium reserve reserved procurement retention money current premium pre-bid meeting sufficiency of tender alternative uncovering up supplementary drawings and instruction discretion force majeure nonrefundable payment non-refundable fee inconsistent adverse phisycal obstructions 招标与投标 A 按进度付款 按本条 件所附格式 B 半熟练壮工 保持价 值 保函格式 保函 实施格式 保险公司 保险单 保险费 保 留 保留采购 保留 金 本期保险金 标 前会 标书的完备性 备选的 , 可替换的 剥露 补充图纸和指 令 不连续的 不可抗力 不退付款 不退费 不一致 不利的实际 障碍

测桩承诺成本回收成本加固定费用合同pegs commitment cost recovery cost-plus-fixed-fee contract 代表团mission 贷款协议贷款文件贷款委原会代理担保, 保证单方面的单价当时纪录等价余额到岸价到期定量, 限额定义对应人员多边的兑换率抵押品, 证券董事会 loan agreement loan document loan shopping agent warranty unilateral unit price contemporary records replacement cost C.I.F.(cost, insurance,fright) due quota definition counterpart staff mutilateral rate of exchange security board 发票, 账单发行招标文件反馈泛美开发银行放样非限定的分包合同分机构分配市场分批装运风险符合要求的文件副本负债与资产比 invoice issue bidding document feedback Inter-American Development Bank setting-out open-ended sub-contrator affiliate market allocation partial shipment risk conformed copies copy debt:equity ratio 广告 改动国内优先雇主, 业主工厂交货价 advertisement alter , change domestic preference emploiyer ex- factory/ex-works price G

英语标书翻译建筑标书翻译公司

英语标书翻译建筑标书翻译公司拨--打【4000-537-407】 精诚翻译公司全网最低5元百字起(市场价格10元,比传统翻译机构低40%左右,互联网+时代,省去中间的环节,价格低于翻译行业任何家翻译机构,5年经验保证,首推先翻译后付费模式,无效免单,免费试译,免费修改,为很多的大型外企和国企翻译过许多专业文件!五周年庆,五折优惠中,可以通过以上方式咨询! 一、英语人名的译法 英语人名汉译情况较复杂,要视具体情况而定。这是因为汉语的同音词很多,选择不同的汉字译同一英文名字,就会把读者弄糊涂,弄不清究竟说的是一个人还是多个人。例如Phillip这个名字早期至少有九种译名:菲利普,菲利蒲,菲力普,菲力蒲,腓力普,腓利普,腓力;而William的译法至少也有5种:威廉,巍联,卫连,维涟,雯莲。有鉴于此,翻译人名时就应该尽可能地统一译文,以免造成不必要的混乱。做到这一点并非难事,譬如说,有些英语人名后缀部分比较有规律,选用汉字时就要尽量一致,如Fairbridge, Broodbridge中的-bridge现在都统一译为"布里奇". 由于绝大多数汉字是多义词,容易引起联想,因此翻译时除了用字统一外(参见《新实用英译汉教程》译音表),还需要遵守以下的选字标准: (一)名从主人原则 翻译欧美人姓名时,依据名从主人的原则,即根据他们的习惯顺序,先名后姓地音译成中文,如David Copperfield译为"大卫·科波菲尔". 讲英语各国的人名,有时是同形不同音,如Berkeley在英国读/ba:kli/, 译为"巴克莱",而在美国读/b?:kli/, 应译为"贝克莱".

英语人名中有些词读音不规则,翻译时要特别注意,如Maugham中的gh不发音, 汉译应为"毛姆". 有些外国人喜欢汉化本名,使其听起来象中国人的姓名,如Joseph Needham译成"李约瑟"(英国),John Leighton Stuart译成"司徒雷登"(美国),John King Fairbank 译成"费正清"(美国), James G. Endicott译成"文幼章"(加拿大),Pearl S. Buck译成"赛珍珠"(美国)等。这些译法谈不上规范,但已为人们所熟知并广泛使用,因此无须重译。 (二)约定俗成原则 有些译名的发音明显有误,但已通行已久,为人接受,约定俗成,所以不必更改。如Eden音为/` i:den/ (伊登),但习惯译为"艾登". 外国人的姓名一般不汉化,以保留其民族特色。但有些传统的习惯的译法,一般不更改,以保持历来的一致性,不致产生误解。这就要求译者勤查多问,对政治、经济、文化中的著名人物有所了解。比如Bernard Shaw是"肖伯纳", 不是"伯纳·肖";Bethune统一译为"贝休恩",但加拿大人Norman Bethune译名为"白求恩";Marx 一般译成"马克斯",但伟大的革命导师Marx总是译为"马克思". (三)简略原则 姓名中不重要的辅音可以省略,因为姓名长到四字以上,中国读者记忆起来便有麻烦。简短些容易让读者记住,如Engels译为"恩格斯",不是"恩格尔斯";Eliot译为"艾略特",而非"艾里奥特";Shakespeare译"莎士比亚",而不是"莎克士比亚";MacDonald 译为"麦唐?quot;,而不是"麦克多纳尔德".

国际工程招标书中英文对照范本

中英文对照:国际工程招标说明书中英文对照:国际工程招标说明书 国际工程招标说明书 日期: 合同招标 一、中华人民共和国从世界银行申请获得贷款,用于支付_____项目的费用。部分贷款将用于支付工程建筑、____等各种合同。所有依世界银行指导原则具有资格的国家,都可参加招标。 二、中国__公司邀请具有资格的投标者提供密封的标书,提供完成合同工程所需的劳力、材料、设备和服务。 三、具有资格的投标者可从以下地址获得更多的信息,或参看招标文件: 中国A公司 四、每一位具有资格的投标者在交纳_____美元,并提交书面申请后,均可从上述地址获得招标文件。 五、每一份标书都要附一份投标保证书,且应不迟于_____提交给A公司。 六、所有标书将在_____当着投标者代表的面开标。 七、如果具有资格的国外投标者希望与一位中国国内的承包人组建合资公司,需在投标截止日期前30天提出要求。业主有权决定是否同意选定的国内承包人。 八、标前会议将在__________召开。 投标者须知 一、工程概述 二、资金来源 中华人民共和国向世界银行申请一笔贷款,用以支付_____工程。其中部分贷款将用于支付此合同工程。只有应中国政府的要求,根据贷款协议的条件,IFI才会同意付款。除中国外,任何组织不能从贷款协议中获得权利或取得贷款。 世行贷款只用于支付瑞士和与中国有商贸关系世行成员国生产的产品和提供的服务。 世行贷款不足的部分将由业主用中国政府提供的资金支付。 三、资格要求 所有根据世行的“采购指导原则”具有资格的国家均可投标。 本合同项下的一切货物、服务均应来自上述具有资格的国家。本合同项下的一切开支仅限于支付这样的货物和服务。 货物、服务来源地与投标者国籍含义不同。 为说明自己有资格中标,投标者应向业主提供所规定的证明,保证有效地执行合同。为此,业主和中国A公司在公布中标者前,可要求投标者更新其先前提供的资格证明材料。投标者提供的材料应包括:法律地位证明文件复本,注册地及主要经营场所。如果是合资公司,应提供合资者的材料。 提供主要合同执行人的资格、经历证明材料。 填写执行合同计划所需设备。 填写可能的分包人。 目前进行中涉及投标者的诉讼的情况。 建设构想细节。 投标者可更新资格证明申请,在投标日亲手交出。 由两家或两家以上公司组成的合资企业应满足以下条件: 标书和投标成功后的协议书对所有合资人都有法律约束力。 由所有合资人的授权签字人签署并提交一份委托书,提名合资人中的一个为主办人。 合资主办人被授权承担义务,代表任何一位或全体合资人接受指导。整个合同的执行,包括款项支付

第八章--标书翻译

第八章标书翻译 1标书文件特点 1.1条理性 标书文件像合同一样大多采用纲目、条款或细则等体例,因此要求条理十分清晰。标书文件一般包括投标者须知、投标文件、投标准备、开标评标和授标五个纲目,每一个纲目又有相应条款组成,比如授标包括授标标准、业主的权利、授标通知、签订合同、履约保函等一系列条款,同时,每一条款又含有具体细则说明。 1.2规范性。 标书文件文体要求用词规范,不管是英语还是汉语,都要求正式的语言。 例如:履约保函Performance Security 英文:Within 28 days of receipt of the Letter of Acceptance, the successful tenderer shall furnish to the Employer a security for the due performance of the Contract, in accordance with the Conditions of Contract. The form of performance security provided in the tender documents may be used, or some other form acceptable to the Employer. 中文:在收到接受证书后28天内,成功投标者应按合同条款向业主提交一份保函,保证将执行合同。保函可以使用投标文件中提供的格式,也可使用其他业主接受的格式。 2标书文件翻译要点 2.1术语专业 在招标文件中有大量的专业术语,这些专业术语近似于行话,尽管具有国际通用性,有明确的特定含义,但一般辞书中往往查不到,不了解招投标业务的人很难准确地理解和翻译。 如:采购Procurement 投标资格预审Pre-qualification 投标资格预审文件Pre-qualification documents 投标资格后审Post-qualify 标前会Pre-bid meeting 招标文件Bidding Documents 投标邀请函Invitation For Bids 谈判采购Negotiating Bids 联营体Joint Venture 例1投标人应完整地填写招标文件中提供的外贸投标书、技术投标书、投标一览表和投标报价表(包括投标报价汇总表和分项报价表)。价格表(表中项目除价格数字外都要填写)及报价说明三份(一正二副)和投标人银行保函应分别单独密封,随投标文件一同递交。 译文:Among the tender documents, tenderers shall fill out completely the Business Tender, Technical Tender, Tender List and Tender Quotation. The Quotation (all items in the Quotation shall be filled out except for the prices) and three copies (one Original and two Duplicates) of the Instructions to Quotations as well as the letter of guarantee from the bank of tenderers must be sealed separately, and be submitted together with the tender documents. 原文中术语“外贸投标书、技术投标书、投标一览表和投标报价表”分别译为“the Business Tender, Technical Tender, Tender List and Tender Quotation.” 2.2 措词精当 如同所有的法规性文件一样,招投标文件在情态动词的选用上特别慎重:shall、will、should、may、must各司其职,翻译时不可混淆。在招标采购过程中,招标方处于居高临下的地位,在对投标人提出要求时总倾向于使用带有强制性含义,翻译时应该用shall或must。显然此shall 并不是单纯表示未来的助动词,而是表示命令的情态动词:应该。 例2投标人必须就技术说明做出承诺,保证技术可行或有效。

国际标书中英对照

INSTRUCTION TO TENDERERS投标者须知 NOTE These Instructions to TENDERERS(IT) wilL not be part of Purchase order and will cease to have effect once the Purchase Order is signed and issued. 注意:投标者须知不属于订购单的一部分,在签发订购单后失效 A general 总体概况 IT1 Scope of Tender &Source of Funds招标范围和资金来源 1.1scope of Tender招标范围 C .E .O GENCO一II TPS GUDDU(hereinafter cabled "The Employer" wishes to receive tender for Hiring of Internationally reputed and experienced independent engineer(s) to determine the Benchmark Performance Parameters of Heat rate,Annual Availability. Dependable Capacity,Reliability and the baseline multi-year tariff of all blocks of Thermal Power Station,Cuddu CEO GENCO-II TPS GUDDU(下文称为招标者)面向国际知名工程师,给Guddu热电厂机组的热容量,年可用小时数,可靠容量,安全性,多年费用基线等性能参数做评测 1.2Source of Funds资金来源 The Employer has arranged the funds from PEPCU'S own resources of Foreign Exchange allocated to G.M.(Thermal)for Hiring services for major overhauling. 招标人已得到隶属于通用公司的PEPCO公司的国际交易资金,用于付这次大修的服务费用 IT2 Eligible Tenderers投标资格 Tendering is open to all firms who are bona-fide Specialists consultants.The firm should have proper equipment and a team of qualified&experienced world renowned experts to carry out such services mentioned in SCHEDULE TO TENDER/SCOPE OF WORK. 本次投标面向本行业的各资深专家顾问,投标公司应拥有能提供在招标行程及工程范围里提到的各项服务的设备及资深专家团队。 IT3 Cost of Tendering投标成本 The tenderer shall bear all costs associated with the preparation and submission of its tender and the Employer will in no case be responsible or liable for those costs,regardless of the conduct or outcome of the tendering process 投标人应承担在投标准备阶段及完成任务期间的相关费用,招标人在此期间不对这些费用负责。 b TENDER DOCUMENTS招标文件 IT4 Contents of Tender Documents招标文件内容 The Tender Documents are those stated below, and should be read in conjunction with any

标书翻译常用的中英对照

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