英美德法四国政治练习题
一、选择题
1．有学者把17世纪40年代，东西方两位末代君主的暴亡，视为两个民族历史的一个楔子——世界的天平开始失衡，西方的崛起与东方的没落明显加快。其观察问题的着眼点在于A．政权发生更替B．社会形态转变C．国力对比变化D．文化途径迥异
2．英国资产阶级革命经历了近半个世纪的曲折历程，导致其曲折反复的根本原因是A．新贵族具有保守性B．资本主义处于工场手工业时期，发展水平不高
C．封建势力不甘心失败D．资产阶级缺乏斗争经验
3．洛克是英国著名的思想家，恩格斯说他“是1688年阶级妥协的产儿”。其中的“阶级妥协”是指A．资产阶级和封建势力的妥协B．资产阶级和无产阶级的妥协
C．资产阶级和农民阶级的妥协D．工业资产阶级和新贵族的妥协
4．马克思说：“只有经过残酷的斗争和通过共和国的政府形式才能从君主专制过渡到君主立宪。”下列哪个国家符合马克思所说的情况
A.德意志帝国
B.日本
C.英国
D.美国
5．19世纪英国的一位政治家对美国1787年宪法这样评价：它是“在特定历史时期人类智慧和意志所创造出的最美妙的杰作”。下列选项不支持此观点的是
A．这是第一部资产阶级成文宪法，奠定了美国政治制度的法律基础
B．宪法赋予联邦政府的权力，有利于国家的稳固和统一
C．宪法规定实行三权分立，防止专制独裁
D．保障了资产阶级民主制度，实现了自由平等
6．2004年11月4日美国总统大选以布什获胜宣告结束(如右图)。你认为美国总统大选有关事宜以《1787年宪法》解读，正确的是
①每四年选举一次②总统由选民间接选举产生
③俄亥俄州的20张选举人票是按其人口比例分配的
④美国实行总统制共和制
A．①③④B．②③④C．①②③D．①②③④
7．林肯总统在某次内阁会议上就某个方案征询意见，结果
出席会议的七名内阁成员都表示反对。但林肯在宣布结果时
却说：“七票反对，一票赞成，反对无效，方案通过。”你认
为林肯的做法是
A．符合民主集中制原则B．违反了权力制衡原则
C．违背宪法，林肯反对无效D．符合宪法对总统权限的规定
8．“比较”是历史学习和研究的一种重要方法。《中华民国临时约法》和《1787年美国宪法》堪称是历史发展的旅程碑，穿越时空，轻拂史尘，我们不难发现它们都
A．反映出民主与专制斗争的成果B．深受法国启蒙思想的影响
C．体现了古代文明向近代文明的演进D．使本国走上了独立自主的发展道路
9．一票赢得的法兰西第三共和国被有的人称为不光彩的、从窗缝潜入的共和国，还有人预言它会很快倒塌，但是它却出乎意料地发展了70多年之久。其主要原因是
A．它不断地对外扩张B．实行铁血政策的结果
C．它适应了经济发展的要求D．责任制内阁的高效运转
10．在资产阶级革命时代，英国通过了《权利法案》、法国颁布了《人权宣言》、美国制定了1787年宪法。这说明了
A．以法律手段限制王权，是这些国家革命的共同举措
B．以立法形式巩固革命成果是这些国家的相同手段
C．资本主义制度在欧美得以普遍确立
D．工业资产阶级获得了独掌政权的法律地位
11．1871年，普鲁士王国在宰相俾斯麦的领导下经过三次王朝战争完成了德意志的统一。此后，德国颁布了《德意志帝国宪法》，这部宪法的颁布表明
A.欧洲大陆的封建专制统治彻底结束
B.代议制已成为不可阻挡的历史潮流
C.民主共和取代专制统治已无可逆转
D.各主要资本主义国家政体趋向统一
12．德国1871年宪法和法国1875年宪法确立的议会民主政治的共同之处
A．议会议员由普选产生B．政府都对议会负责C．元首可直接解散议会D．议会都实行两院制13．近代美、德、法三国曾先后分别于1787年、1871年、1875年制定和颁布了本国宪法，三国宪法的相同点主要有（）
①实行责任内阁制②成熟的资产阶级代议制
③议会都是两院制④促进了本国社会的发展
A．①②③④B．①③④C．③④D．①②④
14．近代西方资本主义国家最终都选择了立宪君主制或共和制。下列关于英美法德四国政治制度的说法，不正确的是
A．英国的国家元首是首相，通过选举产生，是国家的权力中心
B．美国总统由民选产生，拥有行政权
C．1875年宪法确立法国为总统制共和国
D．德意志帝国宪法规定皇帝和首相真正掌握国家的最高权力
二、材料题
阅读下列材料回答问题：
材料一英国光荣革命（实际是次政变）大概是我心目中最完美的一次政治设计。它在一个有长期专制传统的国家找到了一个摆脱革命与专制的循环，能有效地控制“控制者”的办法。
——杨小凯《中国政治随想录》材料二也有另一种见解，把现代化作为自科学革命以来人类急剧变动的过程的总称，它不仅包括经济领域，也包括人类在政治发展、社会动员、心理适应和知识增长方面的急剧变化，它更重视社会制度与经济发展的关系。这派理论还特别提出“现代性”和“传统”两个概念，来对现代化过程进行对比分析。传统代表前工业社会的特征，现代性代表现代社会的特征。现代社会的特征包括如下方面：(1)民主化，(2)法制化，(3)工业化，(4)均富化……。
——张海鹏《现代化的研究视角与近代中国现代化的历史进程》材料三究竟是一个党好，还是几个党好?现在看来，恐怕是几个党好。……共产党可以监督民主党派，民主党派也可以监督共产党。为什么要让民主党派监督共产党呢?这是因为一个党同一个人一样，耳边很需要听到不同的声音。一一毛泽东《论十大关系》（1）根据材料一分析“光荣革命”创造的这种政治设计是如何有效控制“控制者”的？
（2）根据材料二中关于现代社会特征的分析，结合所学知识，扼要指出辛亥革命在四个方面的具体表现。
（3）材料三体现了新中国的哪项政治制度?上述材料体现的三种政治模式在形式上有何共性?请概括说明这三种政治模式在本质上有什么不同。
(1)颁布《权利法案》,确立法律至上、议会主权的原则;议会和内阁掌握实权,君主变为虚君。(2分)
(2)三省互相监督,皇权高度集中;三权分立,分权与制衡。(4分)
(3)表现:在民主化方面:建立了资产阶级民主共和政体等;在法制化方面:颁布了《中华民国临时约法》等;在工业化方面:颁布了奖励发展实业的法令;在均富化方面:提出平均地权等。(4分)
(4)政治制度:中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商的政治制度。(1分)共性:权力的制约与监督。(1分)唐朝的三省六部制体现了封建专制统治的特点;英国与美国三权分立体现了资产阶级民主政治的特点;中国的政治协商制度体现了社会主义民主政治的特点。(3分)
难度：
C
考查点：
资产阶级代议制
解析：
本题考查学生提取和处理有效信息的能力，调动运用所学知识的能力，再现再认历史知识的能力。第（1）问考查英国政府权力的分配，根据所学知识可解决。第（2）问从材料中可发现共同点是分权，但不同的是目的可知唐朝的特征，后一问根据图示和所学知识可答出。第（3）问考查再认再现历史知识的能力。第（4）问比较简单，本质上的不同可从目的、经济基础角度分析。
涉及知识点：
资产阶级代议制
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英语教学法复习题: 一、Multiple-choice questions 1. ( ) is planning for a whole programme or a whole-year course. A. Micro planning B. Macron planning C. Teaching D. Language learning 2. The 3-stage model is pre-reading, ( ) and post-reading. A. practice B. writing C. while-reading D. preparation 3. By language skills, we mean communicative skills involved in listening, speaking, reading and ( ). A. drawing B. describing C. practicing D. writing 4. When did Harmer suggest the following measures for undisciplined acts and badly behaving students ( ) A 1984 B 1985 C 1983 D 1986 5. What should the teaching of pronunciation focus on A. reading phonetic transcripts of words B. writing phonetic transcripts of words C. students’ ability to identify and produce English sounds themselves D. acquire native-like pronunciation 6. Which is not our realistic goal of teaching pronunciation listed below A. creativity B. consistency C. intelligibility D communicative efficiency 7. Proper lesson planning is essential for both novice and ( ) teacher. A. experienced B. young C. old D. new 8. The principles for good lesson planning are in terms of aim, variety, flexibility, ( ) , and linkage. A. type B. learnability C. attitude D. language 9. ( ) means the realistic goals for the lesson. A. Variety B. Linkage C. Aim D. Lesson planning
英语教学法教程试题库 Unit 1 Part I Read the following statements or questions and choose the best answer for each statement or question. 1. Much of human behavior is influenced by their_____ _____ A. experiences B. wisdom C. knowledge D. parents 2. What is the basis for syllabus design, teaching methodology, teaching and assessment procedures in the classroom? A. teaching attitude B. definitions of language C. structural view of language D. functional view 3. What does the structural view of language see language? A. a system of categories based on the communicative needs of the learner B. a communicative tool to build up and maintain social relations between people C. a linguistic system made up of various subsystems D. a linguistic system and a means for doing things 4. What does the functional view of language see language? A. a system of categories based on the communicative needs of the learner B. a communicative tool to build up and maintain social relations between people C. a linguistic system made up of various subsystems D. a linguistic system and a means for doing things 5. What does the interactional view of language see language? A. a system of categories based on the communicative needs of the learner B. a communicative tool to build up and maintain social relations between people C. a linguistic system made up of various subsystems D. a linguistic system and a means for doing things 6. Which of the following teaching method is based on the behaviorist theory? B A. Grammar translation B. Audio-lingual C. Task-based teaching and learning D. Communicative teaching 7.What are the characteristics of audio-lingual method? https://www.doczj.com/doc/8014917206.html,nguage is learned by constant repetition and the the reinforcement of the teacher B.Mistakes were immediately corrected, and correct utterances were immediately praised. C.Students should be allowed to create their own sentences based on their understanding of certain rules. D.Both A and B. 8.Which three groups can summarize all the elements of the qualities of a good teacher? A.Ethic devotion, professional qualities and personal styles B. Ethic devotion, professional qualities and individual freedom C. Individual freedom, professional qualities and personal styles D. Ethic devotion, personal styles and individual freedom 9.What are the purposeful preparation that a language teacher normally receives before he starts the practice of teaching? A.Learning from other’s experiences B.Learning the received knowledge C.Learning from one’s own experiences as a teacher
英语教学法读后感【英语教学法读书笔记】小学英语教学中的语音问题的几个对策 重视语音教学使学生形成良好的英语表达能力需要一个过程尤其 针对小学英语初学者在没有音标的帮助下该如何掌握良好的语音呢？日记https://www.doczj.com/doc/8014917206.html,. 1、小学英语教师要不断提高自身的业务修养不仅是教育教学方 面的也是语音方面的至少要做到与教材录音带在发音方面保持一致。教师的发音是学生模仿的主要对象之一对学生的英语语音学习起指 导和示范作用。在英、美英语相互交融、美国英语盛行的今天作为英语教师学习并掌握美国英语乃大势所趋面对新形势要不断加强学习 更新自己的知识结构找出英语和美语的主要差异如词汇、读音、拼写等方面。 词语方面之不同简单举例如下 rp ga 学校中的班级 form gradeclass 商店 shop store
厕所 lavatory toilet 糖果 sweets candy 油炸土豆条 chips french fries 长裤 trousers pants 而英国英语和美国英语的最大差别在于发音rp和ga之间在音素、单词发音、重音和语调方面均存在明显差异。因此同时向学生灌输两种英语发音势必会给他们的学习造成混乱与困惑。另外在母语的环境里开始学习一门外语很多学生本来就带有畏难情绪再让他们同时学 习两种英语发音无疑会给他们增加不必要的负担挫伤他们学习英语 的积极性。读音方面简例如下 1）在passbathaskcan’tfast这一类单词中rp念作/α：/而ga则为/?/成了/p?s/ /b?s/ /?sk/ /k?nt/ /f?st/。 2）字母o在重读闭音节中rp念为/ /ga念为/α / rp ga
III. Definition Match each of the following terms in Column A with one of the appropriate definitions in Column B. Write the corresponding letter in the following grid. Constructivist theory: Learning is a complex cognitive process in which the learner constructs meaning based on his or her own experiences and what he /she already knows. Cognitive theory：Learning is a process in which the learner actively tries to make sense of data. The basic technique associated with a cognitive theory of language learning is the problem-solving task. Task An activity which require learners to arrive at an outcome from given information through some process of thought, and which allows teachers to control and regulate that process. PPP model A language classroom consists of three stages: Presentation of new language item in a context---controlled practice (drilling, repetition, dialogue reading, etc)---production of the language in a meaningful way (a role-play, a drama, an interview, etc.) Syllabus A specification of what takes place in the classroom, which usually contains the aims and contents of teaching and sometimes contains suggestions of methodology. Lesson planning Making decisions in advance about what aims to be achieved, materials to be covered, activities to be organized, and techniques, resources to be used in order to achieve the aims of the lesson. Classroom Management: The way teachers organize what goes on in the classroom. Mistake: A performance error that is either a random guess or a “slip of tongue/pen”, it 1
英语教学法与测试 课程编码：209009 课程英文名称：En glish Teachi ng Methodology and Evaluati on 课程类别：英语专业学科基础选修课开课对象：英语专业三年级学生 开课学期：第六学期学分：2 总学时：32 教材： 王蔷，2000.《英语教学法教程》北京：高等教育出版社 参考书： 1. Jeremy Harmer. 1983. The Practice of En glish Lan guage Teachi ng. London: Lon gma n. 2. Tang Lixing. 198 3. TEFL in China: Methods and Teaching. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Lan guage Educati on Press. 3. Richards, J. C. & David Nuan. 2000. Second Language Teacher Education. Beijing: Foreign Lan guage Teach ing and Research Press. 4. Fang Yi & Rui Yuping. 1998. Way Out. Chongqing: Chongqing Publish House. 一、课程的性质、目的和任务 英语教学法与测试是英语专业语言学方向课程之一，主要内容为英语教学与测试理论、课堂教学设计的方法、课堂教学技巧等。本课程还介绍与英语教学法与测试相关的假设、热点论题和现有的教学模式。课程的主要目的在于引导学生了解英语教学与测试的主要理论，掌握课堂设计和课堂教学的设计和操作技巧，使学生能够针对特定的学生、根据特定的学生备课和教学。 二、课程的基本要求： 要求学生通过本课程的学习，基本了解英语教学和测试的基本方法，了解有关的重要理 论和其主要内容，熟悉一些主要术语；了解英语教学和测试的主要研究方向和前沿动态。掌握英语教学的主要方法，应用到将来的教学实践中去。 三、课程基本内容和学时分配 1. The Development, system and present status of English teaching methodology and the relati on betwee n it and other discipli nes (2h); 2. Foreig n Ian guage lear ning theories (2h); 3. Con trast an alysis and error an alysis (2h); 4. Major schools of foreig n Ian guage teach ing in the world (2h); 5. Teachers and stude nts in En glish Ian guage teach ing (2h); 6. ELT and men tal developme nt (2h); 7. En glish teach ing syllabus and textbook in middle schools (2h); 8. Prin ciples of ELT in middle schools (2h); 9. Classroom teach ing of En glish (2h); 10. Teachi ng of En glish kno wledge (2h); 11. Practice methods of En glish lin guistic compete nee (2h); 12. Electrical teachi ng of En glish (2h); 13. Second classroom activities of English (2h); 14. Artistic teachi ng of En glish (2h); 15. English test and evaluation (2h); 16. Research of ELT (2h). 四、习题及课外教学要求：
《英语教学法》复习题 一、填空题 1．The theory of learning is referred to as be haviorism, which has three major stages, “sti mulus, response, and reinforcement” 2．The behaviorist theory of language learning is that language is learned by constant repeti tion and the reinforcement of the teacher 3．The term cognitivism is often used loosely to describe methods in which students are aske d to think rather than simply repeat. 4．There are a variety of elements that contri bute to the qualities of a good language teach er. These elements can be categorized into 3 g roups: ethic devotion, professional qualities and personal styles. 5. Three different views on language are the s tructural view, the functional view and the in teractional view.
《英语教学法》模拟试题1及答案 Achievement Test for "Teaching English in the Primary School"3 I. Choose the best answer (30 %) Directions: In this part, you are given fifteen queslions which are followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Read the choices carefully and choose the one which can best answer the question. (30 points, 2 points each) 1. Which of the following is true of second language learning? A. Natural language exposure. B. Informal learning context. C. Structured input. D. Little error correction. 2. What type of learners can benefit most from real object instruction? A. Individual learners. [5. Tactile learners. C. Auditory learners. D. Visual learners. 3. What type of intelligence is cooperative learning best suited for? A. Interpersonal intelligence. B. Intrapersonal intelligence. C. Logical intelligence. D. Linguistic intelligence. 4. What does the following practise? * Peer and I v. vent to the cinema yesterday. Peter and * I went to the cinema yesterday. Peer and I zoent to the * cinema yesterday. Peer and I zoent to the cinema * yesterday. A. Stress. B. Articulation. C. Liaison. D. Intonation. 5. What learning strategy can the following help to train? Match the adjectives on the left with the nouns on the right. H cavy Day Nice Baby Close Building Light Rain Tall Friend Cute Smoker A. Grouping. B. Collocation. C. Imitation.
英语中常见的教学方法有哪些 1. Task-Based Language T eaching,即TBL T这是新课标之后实行的新型教学方法——任 务型教学，这个意识半会儿说不清楚，你得好好研究一下。如果成功了，这个教学方法课堂效果会很好。 2.五步教学法： Step 1 Warming up Step 2 Presentation and practice Step 3 Presentation Step 4 Practice Step 5 Post Task 3.五指教学法:RPCPP Step 1 Review Step 2 Presentation Step 3 Consolidation Step 4 Practice Step 5 Project Presentation 4.3P教学法 Warming-up Presentation Practice Production Homework 5交际型教学Communicative Teaching在教学过程中创设或模拟真实情景交际，让学生通过听、说、理解等交际活动不断沟通交流、进行互动的一种教学模式 下面谈一谈英语学习方式 前面提到四种学习方式：合作学习/共同学习、自主学习、任务型学习、探究学习。下面就对它们做一个简明扼要的介绍。这个介绍是提纲挈领的介绍，涉及不到十分具体的技巧。关于技巧方面可以在培训班另安排时间深入探讨。过去（甚至目前）学生课堂学习的方式比较单一、枯燥乏味、效果不佳。这种学习方式就是大家所熟悉的学生听教师讲为主的方式。《英语课程标准》建议教师帮助学生掌握多种学习方式。这里介绍的四种学习方式，不是全部的学习方式，比如，有条件的地方，可以利用多媒体手段、利用互联网络进行学习。这里介绍四种学习方式，不意味着其他学习方式不好，或者无效，而是要根据教学实际情况选择使用、交替使用、综合使用。而且，教师讲解也不是在教学中没有任何地位，必要的时候，仍然可以使用。只不过不要把它作为唯一的方式或者主要的学习方式。各种学习方式之间不是截然分开的，它们可以相互结合，相互影响。 合作学习或者称为共同学习，用于外语教学，基于以下几个理念。一、课堂外面的社会，人与人之间需要进行合作，课堂教学就要培养合作意识，训练合作技能。二、语言的本质是社会性的，是人与人之间沟通的工具，与人交际和沟通的过程就是合作行为。语言哲学里提到的会话含义的基础就是会话者要遵循会话准则。三、语言习得研究证明，掌握交际工具在互动中掌握比较有效。互动就是合作行为。 学生在一块儿学习不一定就是合作学习，比如，在双人组、四人组的形式下，也许不能称得上是合作学习。合作学习要遵循一定的原则。共同学习的一个原理是，学习者要在学习中相互依赖，这样才够得上合
《英语教学法》高起专练习题 一 1. First of all, a teacher should be __ _(1) in the English language. The importance of being a good language user involves four points. First, a language teacher is a__ _ (2) for students to imitate, to follow and to learn from either consciously or subconsciously. Second, a good command of English endows a teacher with__ _ (3). From this emerges the third point. A teacher can attract students immediately with his or her good English. When admiration is established, students tend to believe in the teacher, _ _ (4) with the teacher, and behave well in class activities. The last point is that good English empowers the teacher to_ __ (5) class well, try new methods and adapt his or her teaching at any time. 2. a. Writing is the result of employing__ _(6)to manage the composing __ _(7), which is one of gradually developing a __ _(8). It involves a number of activities: _ __(9), generating _ __(10)__ _(11), selecting appropriate language, making a draft, reading and reviewing it, then revising and__ _（12） b. To organize and connect information, there are two criteria: __ (13) and __ _(14). To be correct in __ (15) and __ _(16) is of utmost importance. Of all these activities, _ __(17) plays a central role in improving writing. c. writing is a process of _ __(18) and _ __(19). d. According to Hedge, there are different genres into different types of writing, (20) __ (21) _ __ (22) __ _ (23)__ _ (24) __ _ (25). e. __ _(26) is the core of writing. Reading for ideas is a gradual job. Large amount of reading helps__ _(27). Thinking not only _ __(28) ideas but also__ _ (29 )and organizes ideas. 二 1. Teacher as a language analyst 2. Error analysis 3. Grammar: form and function 4. Syllable, Open syllable and Closed syllable 5.Writing genre 6.Curriculum and syllabus 7.Kinds of tests and testing 三 1. Choose some vocabulary items from the textbook you are teaching or going to teach and design three activities for presentation and three for practice. 2.What are the characteristics of good grammar presentation? 3. What are the four approaches to promoting reflection? 4. What are the methods and techniques used in action research? 四 1. For both native speakers and non-native speakers, fluency includes __ _ (1), _ __ (2), __ _ (3) and __ _ (4). Fluency is a general term for good speaking __ _ (5). 2. For different level accuracy means different things which go from _ __ (6) _ __ (7)
英语教学方法: 1、大小声:我读大声,您读小声 2、举一反三:我读一遍,您读三遍 3、单词拍拍拍:(①、②、③、④、⑤)拍这几就读出来 4、炸弹:练习单词时,把一个炸弹放在一个单词上,在读单词的过程中,不能把放有炸弹的单词读出来 5、手心手背:伸手心读,伸手背不读 6、金手指:几根手指就读几遍 7、麦克风:以采访的形式来提问学生,练习单词、句子 8、击鼓传球:传球老师击鼓喊停时,谁最后拿到球就站起来读单词或句子,读对时,老师输,学生就是胜利者,然后老师表演动作,如:兔子跳、贴墙、眨眼睛、表演大茶壶 9、抢椅子:读单词或句子同时,绕着椅子转,当老师说停时瞧谁以最快的速度抢到椅子,抢到者加分 10、木头人:如:I can fly I can jump 读句子的同时表演出动作,老师说停,不论您什么姿态,都不能动,老师挑选一名学生去逗表演的学生,瞧谁懂了谁犯规 11、说反语:I say sit down You say stand up 12、小手枪:指着谁,谁读单词的下一个单词 13、寻宝藏:选一名同学背对着大家,把卡片或别的东西藏到一个学生哪里,大家开始读单词或句子,当寻宝的学生离宝
藏越近读声越大 14、萝卜蹲:用单词代替学生的名字一个接一个蹲 15、顶卡片:读句子单词的同时用头来顶卡片 16、互动记名字:给学生一个新名字(课中的单词)来互相提问及回答 17、警察抓小偷:选一名同学背对着大家,挑出两个学生,大家一起读单词,这两名同学读单词时不发音 18、单词转转转:人站词下,每个人代表一个单词,读到哪个单词,就迅速动一下,反应慢就下去换另一个人 19、加一法:我读一,您读二,我而您三,依此增加,练习单词句子 20 、拍图片:把制作好的单词图片贴在黑板上,拍到哪一个读哪一个
复习题1 Part I Choose the best answer from the four choices. 1. Proper lesson planning is essential for both novice and ( ) teacher. A. experienced B. young C. old D. new 2. The principles for good lesson planning are in terms of aim, variety, flexibility, ( ) , and linkage. A. type B. learnability C. attitude D. language 3. ( ) means the realistic goals for the lesson. A. V ariety B. Linkage C. Aim D. Lesson planning 4. Linkage means the stages and the ( ) within each stage are planned in such a way that they are someway linked with one another. A. directions B. steps C. goals D. types 5. Ideally, lesson planning should be done at two levels: macro planning and ( ). A. teaching planning B. language teaching C. assessment D. micro planning 6. ( ) is planning for a whole programme or a whole-year course. A. Micro planning B. Macron planning C. Teaching D. Language learning 7. The 3-stage model is pre-reading, ( ) and post-reading. A. practice B. writing C. while-reading D. preparation 8. By language skills, we mean communicative skills involved in listening, speaking, reading and ( ). A. drawing B. describing C. practicing D. writing 9. When did Harmer suggest the following measures for undisciplined acts and badly behaving students ( )? A 1984 B 1985 C 1983 D 1986 10. What should the teaching of pronunciation focus on? A. reading phonetic transcripts of words B. writing phonetic transcripts of words C. students’ ability to identify and produce English sounds themselves D. acquire native-like pronunciation 11. Which is not our realistic goal of teaching pronunciation listed below? A. creativity B. consistency C. intelligibility D communicative efficiency 12. Which is not the kind of stress that is important to achieving good pronunciation listed below? A. word-level stress B. paragraph-level stress C. phrase-level stress D. sentence-level stress 13. Pronunciation is difficult to teach without some drills on ( ) A. gestures B .action C. sounds D. correction 14. Grammar practice is usually divided into two categories, they are ( ) A. mechanical practice and effective practice B. meaningful practice and effective practice C. communicative practice and mechanical practice D. communicative practice and effective practice 15. ( ) are most frequently used in mechanical practice.