Book 6 练习册E-C translation
Unit 1
That wintry afternoon in manhattan, waiting in the little French restaurant, I was feeling frustrated and depressed. Because pf several miscalculations on my part, a project of considerable importance in my life had fallen through. Even the prospect of seeing a dear friend (the old man, as I privately and affectionately thought of him) failed to cheer me as it usually did. I sat there frowning at the checkered table-cloth, chewing the bitter cud of hindsight.
He came across the street, finally, muffled in his ancient overcoat, shapeless felt hat pulled down over his baldhead, looking more like an energetic gnome than an eminent psychiatrist. His offices were nearby; I knew he had just left his last patient of the day. He was close to 80, but he still carried a full case load, still acted as director of a large foundation, still loved to escape to the golf course whenever he could.
一个寒冷的冬天下午，在曼哈顿，我坐在一个法国小餐馆，倍感失落和压抑。因为几次误算，在我生命中一个至关重要的项目就这样落空了。就因为这样，甚至连期望看到一个老朋友（我常常私下亲切的想到的一个老人）的情形都不像以前那样令我兴奋。我坐在桌边，皱起眉头看着色彩多样的桌布，反复地回味着自己酿下的苦果。
终于，他从马路对面走过来，身穿件破旧外套，光头耷拉着一顶走了样的毡帽，看上去不像是一位出名的精神病医师，倒像是一个精力充沛的小个子老头。他的办公室在附近到处都有，我知道他刚刚送走他那天最后一个病人。他年近八旬，但仍然满负荷工作，还兼任一家大基金会的董事，无论何时有空，他都仍然爱去高尔夫球场上去玩一玩。
Unit 2
In fact, there is a long and honorable history of procrastination to suggest that many ideas and decisions may well improve if postponed. It is something of a truism that to put off making a decision is itself a decision. The parliamentary process is essentially a system of delay and deliberation. So, for that matter, is the creation of a great painting, or an entrée, or a book, or a building like Blenheim Palace, which took the Duck of Marlborough’s architects and laborers 15 years to construct. In the process, the design can mellow and marinate. Indeed, hurry can be the assassin of elegance. As T. H. White, author of Swords in the Stone, once wrote, time “is not meant to be devoured in an hour or a day, but to be consumed delicately and gradually and without haste.” In other words, pace Lord Chesterfield, what you don’t necessarily have to do today, by all means put off until tomorrow.
事实上，拖延的历史悠久而光荣，这意味着如果推迟一下，许多想法和决定就可能有所改进。推迟做决定本身就是一个决定，这话不无道理。议会程序实际上就是一个拖延和审议的过程。同样，创作一幅名画、谱写一段舞曲、写作一本书，或建造一个像布兰希姆宫那样的建筑，这耗用了马尔伯勒公爵的建筑师及工人们15 年的时间才建成，这些也都是这种拖延和审议的过程。在此期间，设计可能不断成熟和完善。确实，仓促会葬送雅致。《石之剑》的作者T·H·怀特曾写道，时间“并不是要一小时，或一天就挥霍掉，而是应该细腻地、缓慢地、从容地享受。”换言之，尊敬的切斯特菲尔德伯爵，今天不必做的事，请一定拖延到明天再做吧！
Unit 4
Law-and-order is the longest-running and probably the best-loved political issue in U.S. history. Yet it is painfully apparent that millions of Americans who would never think of themselves as lawbreakers, let alone criminals, are taking increasing liberties with the legal codes that are designed to protect and nourish their society. Harvard Sociologist David Riesman suspects that a
majority of Americans have blithely taken to committing supposedly minor derelictions as a matter of course. Already, Riesman says, the ethic of U.S. society is in danger of becoming this: "you're a fool if you obey the rules."
法律和秩序是美国历史上持续时间最长的、也可能是政治上的最热门的话题。然而，显然令人烦恼的是，数以百万计的美国人尽管从没有认为自己会违反法律，更不用说会成为罪犯了，却对那些旨在保护与造福他们的社会所制定的法规越来越不当回事。说真的，当今像乱扔垃圾、骗税、制造扰民噪音和机动车无序行驶等一系列藐视法律的行为似乎代表了未来的潮流。哈佛大学的社会学家大卫·莱斯曼怀疑，大多数美国人已经漫不经心地把犯一些他们认为是无关紧要的小错当作是理所当然的事。莱斯曼说，美国社会的伦理道德已经堕落“只有傻瓜才守法”的地步。
Unit 5
Over the past decade or so, I have known many students like him, many college seniors suffering from Bright’s disease. It attacks the best minds, and gradually destroys the critical faculties, making it impossible for the sufferer to detect gibberish in his own writing or in that of others. During the years of higher education it grows worse, reaching its terminal stage, typically, when its victim receives his Ph.D. Obviously, the victim of Bright’s disease is no ordinary illiterate. He would never turn in a paper with misspellings or errors in punctuation; he would never use a double negative or the word “irregardless.” Nevertheless, he is illiterate, in the worst way: he is incapable of saying, in writing, simply and clearly, what he means.
在过去的十几年，我遇到了许多像他这样患有“全优文盲症”的大四学生。这种疾病侵袭了最优秀的头脑，逐渐摧毁他们的思辨能力，使得患者无法觉察自己或他人写作中那些莫名其妙、毫无意义的胡话。在高等教育期间，这种疾病更加恶化，特别是，一般在受害者拿到博士学位的时候，进入晚期。显然，“全优文盲症”的患者不是普通的文盲。他提交的论文里绝对不会有拼写错误或标点错误；他从不使用双重否定或“irregardless”这样的词语。尽管如此，他依然是一个文盲，而且是最差的一种文盲，因为他不能简洁、准确、清楚地在写作中表达出自己的意思。
Unit 7
In men, good looks is a whole, something taken in at a glance. It does not need to be confirmed by giving measurements of different regions of the body, nobody encourages a man to dissect his appearance, feature by feature. As for perfection, that is considered trivial—almost unmanly. Indeed, in the ideally good-looking man a small imperfection or blemish is considered positively desirable. According to one movie critic (a woman) who is a declared Robert Redford fan, it is having that cluster of skin-colored moles on one cheek that saves Redford from being merely a “pretty face”. Think of the depreciation of women—as well as beauty—that is implies in that judgment.
到了男人身上，相貌好看是一种整体的感觉，是那种一眼就能看到的东西，不需要通过度量身体各部位的尺寸来确认，没有人会鼓励一个男性将自己的外表一点一点地拆分来判断自己的外貌。至于外表完美，被认为是微不足道的——反而倒像是缺乏阳刚之气的表现。实际上，一个男人如果在外表上有一点点瑕疵，或伤痕，反而会被很正面地追捧为理想的美男子。按照一位自称是罗伯特·雷德福迷的影评人（女性）的说法，恰恰是他脸上那一堆影响肤色的痔使罗伯特不仅仅只有"一张漂亮的脸蛋"。不妨设想在这样的判断中所暗含的对女性和美丽本身的贬损。
Unit 8
Too much of anything—too much music, entertainment, happy snacks, or time spent with on e’s friends—creates a kind of impotence of living by which one can no longer hear, or taste, or see, or love, or remember. Life is short and precious, and appetite is one of its guardians, and loss of appetite is a sort of death. So if we are to enjoy this short life we should respect the divinity of appetite, and keep it eager and not too much blunted.
It is a long time now since I knew that acute moment of bliss that comes from putti ng parched lips to a cup of cold water. The springs are still there to be enjoyed—all one needs is the original thirst.
任何东西，音乐也好，娱乐也好了，令人心仪的茶点也好，或和朋友度过的时光也好，一旦过度，都会使人产生一种对生活的无能为力，于是，结果会使人听不见、尝不出、看不到或者不会爱、不会记忆。生命转瞬即逝，弥足珍贵，而渴欲望则是其守护神之一，失去欲望也是一种死亡。所以，要享受短暂的生命，我们就应重视欲望的活力，保持热切的欲望，切勿让欲望钝化衰减。
很久以前，我就感悟到干渴的双唇触碰到一杯冷水时那种刻骨铭心的极乐狂喜。清泉依旧，供人尽情享用，而人们所缺的是当初那份干渴的感觉。
Unit 9
When Ulysses S. Grant and Robert E. Lee met in the parlor of a modest house at Appomattox Court House, Virginia, on April 9, 1865, to work out the terms for the surrender of Lee's Army of Northern Virginia, a great chapter in American life came to a close, and a great new chapter began.
These men were bringing the Civil War to its virtual finish. To be sure, other armies had yet to surrender, and for a few days the fugitive Confederate government would struggle desperately and vainly, trying to find some way to go on living now that its chief support was gone. But in effect it was all over when Grant and Lee signed the papers. And the little room where they wrote out the terms was the scene of one of the poignant, dramatic contrasts in American history.
1865年4月9日，在维吉尼亚阿波托克斯的一间普通的会客厅里，尤利西斯·S·格兰特和罗布特·李走到了一起，共同制定了李的北维吉尼亚军团投降的协议条款，这意味着在美国历史上一个伟大的篇章宣布结束，进而一个新的伟大篇章将拉开序幕。
两人的会面实际上将美国内战推向了终点。诚然，还有一些军队在负隅抵抗。在接下来的一段日子里，逃亡的南部联邦政府试图寻找再生力量，结果都是徒劳的。因为主力部队已经被消亡了。事实上格兰特和李在签署协议的那一刻一切就已经宣告结束了。他们拟定协议条款的的那间小屋见证美国历史上一种极为辛酸和富有戏剧性的对照。
Unit 10
The point I am making is that there is nothing in the process of euphemizing itself that is contemptible when a name makes us see something that is not true or diverts our attention from something that is. The hydrogen bomb kills. There is nothing else that it does. And when you experiment with it, your are trying to find out how widely and well it kills. Therefore, to call such an experiment “Operation Sunshine” is to suggest a purpose for the bomb that simply does not exist. But to call “slum children”“culturally different”is something else. It calls attention, for example, to legitimate reasons why such children might feel alienated from what goes on in school.
我要说明的观点就是，在使用委婉语本身这一过程当中，没什么东西是值得鄙视的。使用委婉语之所以可鄙，是因为一个名字让我们看到一些虚假的事物或者使我们转移了对某些真实情况的注意力。氢弹能杀死人，别无它用。当人们用氢弹做实验的时候，人们试图弄明白氢弹的杀伤范围以及程度。因此，把这样的实验叫做“阳光行动”，会让人想到其实际上并
不存在的一个用途。但是把“贫民窟的孩子”称为“文化有差异的孩子”，却是另外一回事。它提醒人们注意到，例如，为什么这些孩子在学校里处处感到如同外人是事出有因的。
新编英语教程第五册课后练习题答案 Answers to the exercises in Unit 1 II. Paraphrase 1.A writer who is particular about the exactness of an expression in English will never feel happy with a word which fails to express an idea accurately. 2. To a certain extent, the process of finding the right words to use is a process of perfection where you try to search for words that may most accurately express your thoughts and feelings, and words that may most effectively make your listeners and readers understand your thoughts and feelings. 3. Finding the most suitable word to use is in no sense easy. But there is nothing like the delight we shall experience when such a word is located. 4. Once we are able to use language accurately, we are in a position to fully understand our subject matter. III. Translate 1.After citing many facts and giving a number of statistical figures, he finally drove home his point. 2. It took us half a year more or less to carry through the research project. 3. What he said was so subtle that we could hardly make out his true intention. 4. His new book looks squarely at the contemporary social problems. 5. The younger generation today are very much alive to the latest information found on the Internet. 6. It is a matter of opinion whether a foreign language is more easily learned in one’s childhood or otherwise. 7. Never lose heart in the face of a setback; take courage and deal with it squarely. 8. Rice, meat, vegetables, and fruit constitute a balanced diet. Language Work III. 1. clumsy-unskillful 2. deft-skilful 3. loose-vague 4. subtle-tricky 5. precise-accurate 6. shift-alteration 7. vague-ambiguous 8. scrupulous-conscientious 9. ignorance-want of knowledge 10. disadvantages-drawbacks 11. cultivating-developing 12. mistaken-erroneous 13.unimportant-trivial 14. dark-dim 15. flexible-adaptable 16. fine-subtle 17. sentimental-emotional 18. essence-quintessence 19. coercion-compulsion 20. fascinating-absorbing
练习册：We may regard “if only” as indicating the past and “next time” the future, we all know the most important time is “now”, as past things could not be changed and future is based on “now”． I. 1. The old man was an eminent psychiatrist and the author was a client of his. (famous and respected within a particular profession) 2. Refer to para. 1. To him, the session was just like “a flash of insight that leaves him a changed person not only changed, but changed for the better.” 3. The three speakers on the tape were all unhappy, and the two words they all used frequently in what they said were “if only.” What the old man wanted to point out to the author was that to keep saying “if only anything; on the contrary, it only kept the person facing the wring way—backward instead of forward. Thus it did more harm than good to the person who kept saying them. (See para. 15) 4. Shift the focus; substitute “next time” for “if only” 5. They point to entirely different mental directions; one is backward and negative, and the other forward and positive. 6. It is instructive and inspirational. II. 1. The most inspiring and gratifying fact of life is the unexpected spark of enlightenment that makes you different and a better person than before. 2. At last he walked over from the other side of the street, wrapped in his old-fashioned overcoat, his bald head covered by a shapeless felt hat. He looked like a dwarfish old man full of energy rather than a well-known psychiatrist. 3. The next speaker on the tape was a woman who had remained single because she thought she was obliged to take care of her mother who was a widow. She still remembered and told others miserably about all the chances of marriage she had missed. 4. Eventually, if you form a habit of say ing “if only”, the phrase can really turn to an obstruction, providing you with an excuse for giving up trying anything at all. 5. …you are always thinking of the past, regretting and lamenting. You did not look forward to what you can do in the future at all. 6. The Old Man said to me trickily, using the phrase “if only” on purpose, “If only we?d got here ten we?d have caught the cab.” I laughed and understood what he meant. So I followed his advice and said, I?ll run faster”． III. 1. The whole plan fell through for want of fund. 2. Newton is acknowledged as one of the world?s most eminent scientists. 3. He calculates the cost of production with invariable accuracy. 4. The spokesman of the corporation was berated for his irresponsible words. 5. The young clerk from the commercial bank LANGUAGE WORK
Unit 1 在弗雷德看来，面试进行得很顺利。五天前他曾向一家小公司申请工作，现在那公司的一名董事正在对他进行面试。 在这之前弗雷德一直在当推销员。他现在想调工作并不是因为缺钱，而是因为作为一名推销员他几乎没有空闲的时间。 弗雷德在谈话前很担心，生怕头脑发昏说错话，但是很幸运他发现自己同这位董事的共同之处颇多。 显然这位董事很满意。正当弗雷德在想着自己很可能得到工作时，董事接着问他：“你愿意加班吗?” In Fred’s view, the interview was going very smoothly indeed. Five days before, he had applied for a job at a small business company and now he was being interviewed by one of its directors. Fred had been working as a salesman. He wanted to change his job not because he was short of money, but because as a salesman he could hardly enjoy any leisure at all. Fred had been worried that he might lose his head and say something silly, but fortunately he found that he had a lot in common with the director. It was clear that the director was quite satisfied. Fred was thinking that his chances of landing the job were favourable when the director proceeded to ask, “Do you mind working over time?” Unit 2 B.汉译英 汤姆一开始同父亲谈话就想直截了当地把自己的意思说出来。“爸爸，我作了一个重要的决定，我打算参军去（go into the services）。”父亲很吃惊，不赞同地看着他。“你不应该先得到学位吗？你总有机会服役的，在你……” “可是，爸爸，我今年无论如何会被征入伍的（be drafted）。”汤姆急着打断父亲说。“所以为什么不现在入伍呢（enlist）? 如果入伍了，我得到技术培训的机会就会更多些。要知道，那是很重要的。” “嗯……”父亲插嘴说，“你在大学里第一年学得不错，现在不是你离开学校的时候。” “爸爸，我大学一年级的成绩不很理想，我想我是赶不上其他同学的了。此外，我知道你多么不愿意背债（get into debt），要我成为你的负担，那么我永远不会觉得好受（feel right about）。” 听了这些，汤姆的父亲无言以对，但是他最终说了这么一句话：“我想也许你最好同你母亲谈一下。” As soon as Tom began his talk with his father, he wanted to gain his point directly. “I’ve made an important decision, Dad. I’m going into the services.” Tom’s father looked at him with an air of surprised disapproval. “Shouldn’t you get your degree first? You can always do your military service after …” “But Dad, I’ll be drafted this year anyway,” Tom interrupted
1 由于缺少资金，整个计划失败了The whole plan fell through for want of fund. 2 牛顿被公认为是世界最杰出的科学家之一。Newton is actnowledged as one of the world;s most eminent scientists. 3 他对生产成本的估算总是准确无误He calcuates the cost of production with invariable accuracy 4 公司发言人的不负责任的讲话受到了严厉的指责The spokesman of the corporation was berated for his irresponsible words. 5 这名商业银行的年轻职员看出那张十英镑的假币The young clerk from the commercial bank soitted thecorinterfeit ten-pound note. 6 这个精干的经理立刻行动起来The efficient manager acted promptly 7 请把候补名单上她的名字换成你的名字Pleasure replace her name for yours on the waiting list 8 她觉得她在当地综合医院任实习医师是一段宝贵的经历Shen found that her internship in the local general hospital was a rewarding experience 9 不要感叹过去得不幸，振作起来行前看Don't lament your past misfortunes., keep your shin up and look to the future 1 富兰克林在他的自传里力劝读者要勤俭Franklin exhorted readers to be diligent and thrifty in his Autobiography. 2.谁能证实这签名无讹Who can attest to the genuineness of the signature? 3. 人们给它起了小家伙的绰号。。。He is dubbed “Tiny” because he looks so small for his age. 4.他试图为自己拒绝接受这一劝告辩解He tried to rationalize his refusal to take the advice. 5. 他的一番话引起了我们的不满His words incurred our displeasure. 6. 要我们在这么短的时间内完成这一项工作几乎是不可能的It is virtually
Reference for Unit 6 workbook exercises Blank Filling A. 1.changed, promising https://www.doczj.com/doc/8411456438.html,ing, qualified 3.determined 4.spoken, leading, surprising 5.frightening 6.demanding 7.pleased, soiled https://www.doczj.com/doc/8411456438.html,plicated 9.interested, exciting, soaked 10.tiring, tired B. 1.giving 2.Fascinated, rising / rise 3.singing, to do, making
4.keeping, playing, to be, to see, climbing 5.opening 6.to take, shopping, doing, to do 7.to have remembered, to tell, preparing, to do 8.to watch, to read, reading, watching 9.missing, to tell 10.to be taken 11.swimming, cleaning, to do 12.waiting, seeing, missing, to find, to be C. 1.for 2.to 3.of 4.on 5.read 6.across 7.about / for 8.in 9.until / till 10.opinion 11.by 12.keep 13.excellent 14.time 15.pleasure 16.from 17.yourself 18.in 19.filled 20.trains
Unit 1 1. 他们都认为他成功的可能性很小。 They all believed that his chances of success were slim. 2. 我不知道她为何总带有一种闷闷不乐的神情。 I don’t know why she always has an air of sadness. 3. 等到所有同学都就座后，学生会主席才开始宣布野营的日程安排。After all students were seated, the president of the students’ union proceeded to announce the camping itinerary. 4. 胃是人体至关重要的器官，请善待之。 Please take good care of our stomach which is a vital organ of our human body. 5、他认为总经理如此重视那些日常琐事是荒唐的。 He considered it absurd for the general manager to attach so much importance to those routine trifles. 6. 她的研究涉及多种语言和文化，富有挑战性。 Her study was full of challenge, which was concerned with many languages and cultures. 7. 根据安排，全体工作人员依次值晚班。 As is scheduled, all staff should take turns to do late duty. 8. 想到要远离父母独自生活，她深感不安。 She felt upset at the thought of leaving her parents and having an independent living in a remote area.
新编英语教程5册Unit1的答案
Comprehension I. Judge which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the article. A. To be able to use the right word is an important component of one’s mastery of the English language. B. To facilitate one’s own process of cognition and one’s communication with others, one must be able to choose the right word from the extensive vocabulary of the English language. C. It is more important to know exactly the meaning and use of a relatively small number of words than to know vaguely a larger number. II. Determine which is the best choice for each of the following questions. 1. “Clean English” in the first paragraph mea ns . A. English of a dignified style B. English free from swear words C. English which is precise and clear 2.The word “realization” in the sentence “Choosing words is part of the process of realization…” means . A. articulating sounds B. fulfilling one’s goals C. becoming aware of what one thinks and feels
《新编英语教程》（修订版）第三册 Unit 1[见教材P1] My First Job 我的第一份工作 Robert Best 罗伯特.贝斯特 ①While I was waiting to enter university, I saw ②Being very short of money and wanting to do something useful, I applied, fearing that my chances of landing the job were slim. ①那年，我考上了大学，还没有入校时，在本地一家报纸上看到一所学校发布广告，招聘一名教师。②这所学校位于伦敦郊区，距离我住的地方大约[有]十英里。③当时因为急需用钱，又想做些有意义的事情，于是我就提出了申请。④但是同时，我又担心，既没有学位又没有教学经验，所以获得这个职位的可能性非常小。 ①However, three days later a letter arrived, summoning me to Croydon for an interview. ②It proved an awkward journey: a train to Croydon station;a ten-minute bus ride and then a walk of at least a quarter of a mile. ③As a result I arrived on a hot June morning too depressed to feel nervous. ①然而，三天以后来信了，通知我到Croydon参加面试。②路很不好走，先坐火车到Croydon车站，再坐十分钟的公交车，最后步行至少0.25英里才到达目的地。③那可是六月天的上午，天气很热，我非常沮丧，也非常紧张，简直都崩溃了。 ①and ②The front garden was a gravel square;
新编英语教程6课文 翻译 -CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1
第1单元避免两词铭记两词 在生活中，没有什么比顿悟更令人激动和兴奋的，它可以改变一个人——不仅仅是改变，而且变得更好。当然，这种顿悟是很罕见的，但仍然可以发生在我们所有人身上。它有时来自一本书，一个说教或一行诗歌，有时也来自一个朋友。 在曼哈顿一个寒冷的冬天的下午，我坐在一个法国小餐馆，倍感失落和压抑。因为几次误算，在我生命中一个至关重要的项目就这样落空了。就因为这样，甚至连期望看到一个老朋友（我常常私下亲切的想到的一个老人）的情形都不像以前那样令我兴奋。我坐在桌边，皱起眉头看着色彩多样的桌布，清醒的嚼着苦涩的食物。 他穿过街道，裹着旧棉袄，一顶帽子从光头打下来，看上去不像是一个有名的精神病医生，倒像是一个精力充沛的侏儒。他的办公室在附近到处都有，我知道他刚刚离开他最后一个病人。他接近80岁，但仍然扛着一个装着满满文件的公文包，工作起来仍然像一个大公司的主管，无论何时有空，他都仍然爱去高尔夫球场。 当他走过来坐我旁边时，服务员早已把他总是要喝的啤酒端了过来，我已经几个月没有见他了，但他似乎还是老样子。没有任何寒暄，他就问我“怎么了，年轻人？” 我已经不再对他的样子感到奇怪，所以我详细地把烦恼告诉他。带着一丝忧伤的自豪。我尽量说出实情，除了我自己，我并没有因为失望而责备任何人。我分析了整件事情，但所有负面评价以及错误仍然继续。我讲了约有十五分钟，这期间老人只是默默的喝着啤酒。我讲完后，他取下眼镜说：“到我的办公室去。”“到你的办公室你忘了带什么了吗”他和蔼的说“不是，我想看看你对某些事情的反应，仅此而已。” 外面开始下起小雨，但他的办公室很温暖，舒服，亲切：放满书的书架靠着墙壁，长皮沙发，弗洛伊德的亲笔签名照，还有墙边放着的录音笔。他的秘书回家了，只有我们在那里。老人从纸盒里拿出一盘磁带放进录音笔，然后说：“这里有到我这来求助的三个人的简单录音，当然，这没有说明具体是哪三个人。我想让你听听，看你是否能找出双字词的短语，这里是在三个案例中共有的。”他笑道：“不要这么困扰，我有我的目的。” 对我来说，录音中三个主人共有的东西不是什么快乐的东西。首先讲话的是一个男人，他在生意中经历了一些损失或失败，他指责自己没有辛勤工作，也没有远见。接下来说话的是一个女人，她还没有结婚，因为对她寡妇母亲的强烈的责任意思，她伤心的回忆了所有擦肩而过的婚姻机遇。第三个说话的是一位母亲，她十多岁的儿子在警察局有麻烦，她总是不停地责备自己。 老人关掉收音机，侧身坐到椅子上：“在这些录音中，有一个短语像病毒一样的出现了六次。你注意到了吗没有噢，这可能是因为几分钟前你在餐馆说过了三次。”他拿起磁带盒扔给我。“正好在标签上有那两个伤心的词语。”我向下一看，那里有两个清晰的红色的印字：如果。 “你受惊了吗？”老人说：“你能想象我坐在这把椅子上以这两个词开头的话有多少次了吗？他们总是对我说：如果换一种方法做——或根本不去做。（如果我没发脾气、没有做那虚伪的事、没有说那愚蠢的谎言。如果我聪明点，或更无私点，或更自控点。）直到我打断说话他们才会停止。有时我让他们听你刚说过的录音。我对他们说（如果你停止说如果，我们就已取得进展了。）” 老人伸出双脚，说：“问题是，‘如果’并没有改变任何东西。它使那人面对错误——后退而非前进，那样只是在浪费时间。最后，要是你让它成为一个习惯，它就会变成真的障碍，变成你不再去做尝试的借口了。” “现在回到你的情况：你的计划没成功，为什么？因为你犯了某种错误。唔，这个没关系，毕竟错误谁都会犯，我们也从中学到东西。但是，当你告诉我那些东西时却悔恨这个， 后悔那个的时候，你还没有从错误中学到什么。” “你怎么知道呢？”我用一种辩驳的语气问道。 “因为你还没有从过去中走出来。你根本没提及到未来。在某种程度上——老实说，——现在你仍沉溺于过去。我们
练习册第二单元参考答案 Text 1 A. True (T) or False (F)? 1. Simone drank some champagne with her bridesmaids to overcome her nervousness before the wedding. F Simone didn’t feel nervous at all. On the contrary, when drinking champagne, she thought about all that had gone into getting to the wedding day. 2. Simone regarded her wedding as the most important occasion in her life. T 3.Simone’s father loved her so much that he was willing to spend as much money as he could. F Maybe Simone’s father was willing to spend mon ey for her, but it seemed that he could not afford what his daughter had spent for her wedding. 4. Alice had succeeded in teaching Simone to be a reasonable and responsible consumer. F It was true that Alice always told Simone to be financially responsible, but she failed to make her a reasonable and responsible consumer, especially when she was preparing for her wedding. 5. Simone didn’t follow Alice’s advice because Simone thought all the money she spent belonged to her father. T 6. Alice called to ask Simone about her future plan because she wanted to humiliate her. F Alice called to ask Simone about her future plan because she wanted to remind her of her financial problem after the wedding. 7. Simone lost control of her emotions later because Alice sent a letter to inform her that she had divorced her father. F Simone lost control of her emotions later because Alice sent a letter to inform her that the wedding had been cancelled. Since her father’s company had already gone bankrupt, her father couldn’t pa y her wedding expenditure. 8. Since Tom decided not to marry Simone after knowing the facts, the wedding was cancelled. T B. Explain the following in your own words. 1. … Simone could not help but think about all that had gone into getting to today. could not stop from thinking about.
第1单元避免两词铭记两词 在生活中，没有什么比顿悟更令人激动和兴奋的，它可以改变一个人——不仅仅是改变，而且变得更好。当然，这种顿悟是很罕见的，但仍然可以发生在我们所有人身上。它有时来自一本书，一个说教或一行诗歌，有时也来自一个朋友。 在曼哈顿一个寒冷的冬天的下午，我坐在一个法国小餐馆，倍感失落和压抑。因为几次误算，在我生命中一个至关重要的项目就这样落空了。就因为这样，甚至连期望看到一个老朋友（我常常私下亲切的想到的一个老人）的情形都不像以前那样令我兴奋。我坐在桌边，皱起眉头看着色彩多样的桌布，清醒的嚼着苦涩的食物。 他穿过街道，裹着旧棉袄，一顶帽子从光头打下来，看上去不像是一个有名的精神病医生，倒像是一个精力充沛的侏儒。他的办公室在附近到处都有，我知道他刚刚离开他最后一个病人。他接近80岁，但仍然扛着一个装着满满文件的公文包，工作起来仍然像一个大公司的主管，无论何时有空，他都仍然爱去高尔夫球场。 当他走过来坐我旁边时，服务员早已把他总是要喝的啤酒端了过来，我已经几个月没有见他了，但他似乎还是老样子。没有任何寒暄，他就问我“怎么了，年轻人？” 我已经不再对他的样子感到奇怪，所以我详细地把烦恼告诉他。带着一丝忧伤的自豪。我尽量说出实情，除了我自己，我并没有因为失望而责备任何人。我分析了整件事情，但所有负面评价以及错误仍然继续。我讲了约有十五分钟，这期间老人只是默默的喝着啤酒。我讲完后，他取下眼镜说：“到我的办公室去。”“到你的办公室？你忘了带什么了吗？”他和蔼的说“不是，我想看看你对某些事情的反应，仅此而已。” 外面开始下起小雨，但他的办公室很温暖，舒服，亲切：放满书的书架靠着墙壁，长皮沙发，弗洛伊德的亲笔签名照，还有墙边放着的录音笔。他的秘书回家了，只有我们在那里。老人从纸盒里拿出一盘磁带放进录音笔，然后说：“这里有到我这来求助的三个人的简单录音，当然，这没有说明具体是哪三个人。我想让你听听，看你是否能找出双字词的短语，这里是在三个案例中共有的。”他笑道：“不要这么困扰，我有我的目的。” 对我来说，录音中三个主人共有的东西不是什么快乐的东西。首先讲话的是一个男人，他在生意中经历了一些损失或失败，他指责自己没有辛勤工作，也没有远见。接下来说话的是一个女人，她还没有结婚，因为对她寡妇母亲的强烈的责任意思，她伤心的回忆了所有擦肩而过的婚姻机遇。第三个说话的是一位母亲，她十多岁的儿子在警察局有麻烦，她总是不停地责备自己。 老人关掉收音机，侧身坐到椅子上：“在这些录音中，有一个短语像病毒一样的出现了六次。你注意到了吗？没有？噢，这可能是因为几分钟前你在餐馆说过了三次。”他拿起磁带盒扔给我。“正好在标签上有那两个伤心的词语。”我向下一看，那里有两个清晰的红色的印字：如果。 “你受惊了吗？”老人说：“你能想象我坐在这把椅子上以这两个词开头的话有多少次了吗？他们总是对我说：如果换一种方法做——或根本不去做。（如果我没发脾气、没有做那虚伪的事、没有说那愚蠢的谎言。如果我聪明点，或更无私点，或更自控点。）直到我打断说话他们才会停止。有时我让他们听你刚说过的录音。我对他们说（如果你停止说如果，我们就已取得进展了。）” 老人伸出双脚，说：“问题是，‘如果’并没有改变任何东西。它使那人面对错误——后退而非前进，那样只是在浪费时间。最后，要是你让它成为一个习惯，它就会变成真的障碍，变成你不再去做尝试的借口了。” “现在回到你的情况：你的计划没成功，为什么？因为你犯了某种错误。唔，这个没关系，毕竟错误谁都会犯，我们也从中学到东西。但是，当你告诉我那些东西时却悔恨这个， 后悔那个的时候，你还没有从错误中学到什么。” “你怎么知道呢？”我用一种辩驳的语气问道。 “因为你还没有从过去中走出来。你根本没提及到未来。在某种程度上——老实说，——现在你仍沉溺于过去。我们每
Unit 1 恰到好处 你见过一个笨手笨脚的男人往箱子上钉钉子吗？只见他左敲敲，右敲敲，说不准还会将整个钉子锤翻，结果敲来敲去到头来只敲进了半截。而娴熟的木匠就不这么干。他每敲一下都会坚实巧妙地正对着钉头落下去，一钉到底。语言也是如此。一位优秀的艺术家谴词造句上力求准确而有力地表达自己的观点。差不多的词，不准确的短语，摸棱两可的表达，含糊不清的修饰，都无法使一位追求纯真英语的作家满意。他会一直思考，直至找到那个能准确表达他的意思的词。 法国人有一个很贴切的短语来表达这样一个意思，即“le mot juste”, 恰到好处的词。有很多关于精益求精的作家的名人轶事，比如福楼拜常花几天的时间力求使一两个句子在表达上准确无误。在浩瀚的词海中，词与词之间有着微妙的区别，要找到能恰如其分表达我们意思的词绝非易事。这不仅仅是扎实的语言功底和相当大的词汇量的问题，还需要人们绞尽脑汁，要观察敏锐。选词是认识过程的一个步骤，也是详细描述我们的思想感情并表达出来使自己以及听众和读者深刻理解的一个环节。有人说：“在我思想未成文之前，我怎么知道自己的想法？”这听起来似乎很离谱，但它确实很有道理。 寻找恰如其分的词的确是件不容易的事。一旦找到了那个词，我们就会感到很欣慰：辛劳得到了回报。准确地用语言有助于我们深入了解我们描述的事物。例如，当有人问你：“某某是怎么样的人？”你回答说：“恩，我想他是个不错的家伙，但他非常……”接着你犹豫了，试图找到一个词或短语来说明他到底讨厌在哪里。当你找到一个恰当的短语的时候，你发觉自己对他的看法更清楚，也更精确了。 一些英语词汇词根相同而意义却截然不同。例如human 和humane,二者的词根相同，词义也相关，但用法完全不同。“ human action (人类行为)”和“humane action ( 人道行为)”完全是两码事。我们不能说“人道权力宣言”，而是说“人权宣言”。有一种屠杀工具叫“humane killer ( 麻醉屠宰机)，而不是human killer ( 杀人机器)。 语言中的坏手艺的例子在我们身边随处可见。有人邀请一名学生去吃饭，他写信给予回复。请看他的信是这样结尾的：“我将很高兴赴约并满怀不安（anxiety ）期待着那个日子的到来。”“Anxiety” 含有烦恼和恐惧的意味。作者想表达的很可能是一种翘首期盼的心情。“Anxiety” 跟热切期盼有一定的关联，但在这个场合是不能等同的。 乌干达一政党领袖给新闻界的一封信中有一句这样写道： 让我们打破这自私、投机、怯懦和无知充斥的乌干达，代之以真理，刚毅，坚定和奇异的精神。 这一激动人心的呼吁被最后一个词“奇异（singularity）” 的误用破坏掉了。我猜想作者真正要表达的意思是思想的专一，即抱定一个信念永不改变，咬定青山不放松，不被次要的目的干扰。而singularity 指的是古怪，特性，是将一个人从众多人中区分出来的那种东西。 即使没有出现词语误用，这词仍可能不是符合作者意图的恰如其分的词。一名记者在一篇有关圣诞节的社论中这样引出狄更斯的话： 任何有关圣诞节的想法和文字已经被禁锢(imprisoned )在这句话中……“Imprisonment” 暗示着强迫，威逼，这么一来似乎意思是有悖其初衷的。用“包含(contained )”或“归结（summed up ）”就要好些。“概括（epitomized）”也行，尽管听起来有点僵硬。稍微再用点心我们就能准确地找到“mot juste (恰倒好处的词) ”，那就是“distilled”.它比包含和归结语气更强。“Distillation (提炼)”意味得到本质（essence）的东西。因此我们可以进一步把这个句子修改为： 所有有关圣诞节的想法和文字的精华都被提炼到这句话之中。
Dictation Unit 1 The most important day I remember in all my life is the one on which my teacher, Anne Sullivan, came to me. It was the third of March, 1887, three months before I was seven years old. On the afternoon of that eventful day, I stood on the porch, dumb, expectant, I guessed from my mother’s sign and from the hurrying in the house that something unusual was about to happen, so I went to the door and waited on the steps. Hanging down from the porch was sweet-smelling honeysuckle. My fingers lightly touched the familiar leaves and blossoms which had just come forth to greet the sweet southern spring. I did not know what surprise the future held for me. I felt approaching footsteps. I stretched out my hand as I supposed to my mother. Someone took it, and I was caught up and held close in the arms of her who had come to help me discover all things to me, and, more than anything else, to love me. Translation: 1.They al believe that he had a slim chance of success. 2.I didn’t know why she has an air of sadness all the time. 3.It was after all the students had taken their seats that the president of the students’ union proceeded to announce the camping itinerary. 4.The stomach is a vital organ of the human body; please take good care of it. 5.He considered it ridiculous for the general manager to attach so much importance to those routine trifles. 6.Her study, which ranged over many languages and cultures, was full of challenge. 7.As is scheduled, all the members of the stuff take turns to do late duty. 8.She was greatly upset at the thought of leaving her parents and living on her own in a remote area. 9.We do not worry so much about her qualifications for the job as about her health. 10.He was greatly excited about the prospect of leaving a cruise around the world. Paragraph translation From Fred’s point of view, the interview was very smoothly indeed. Five days before, he had applied for a job at a small business company and now he was being interviewed by one of its directors. Fred had been working as a salesman. He wanted to change his job not because he was short of money, but because as a salesman he could hardly enjoy any leisure at all. Fred had been worried that he might lose his head and say something silly, but fortunately he found that he had a lot in common with the director. It was clear that the director was quite satisfied. Fred was thinking that his chances of landing the job were favorable when the director proceeded to ask, “Do you mind working overtime?”