主语从句：
做主语用的名词性从句，因其在复合句中做主语，又称主语从句，引导主语从句的有连词that ，whether，连接代词who ，what ，which，连接副词when，where，how，why 等。
1）从属连词：that，whether等.
that 引导主语从句只起引导作用，本身无实际意义，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，但不能省略。
That he will win is certain.他肯定会赢。
Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear. 他是否会来这里还不清楚。
注意: 由that 引导的主语从句有时为了使句子结构平衡, 避免“头重脚轻”, 常用it 作形式主语, 而把从句放在后面。例如:
1. That he will refuse this piece of advice is impossible.
~It is impossible that he will refuse this piece of advice
2.That they should like each other is natural.
~It is natural that they should like each other.
*it为形式主语
这样就构成了下面一些常用句型:
1) It is + n. +从句
It is a pity/shame that... 遗憾的是……
It is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是…
It is a fact that……是事实
It is common knowledge that……是常识
2) It is + adj. +从句
It’s certain that…肯定…
It is possible that... 很可能……
It is unlikely that... 不可能……
It is obvious that…很明显…
It is necessary \important \natural\... that…
3) It +不及物动词+从句
It happened that... 碰巧……
It occurred to me that…我突然想起…
4) It + be +过去分词+从句
It is said that... 据说……
It is known to all that... 众所周知……
It is reported that... 据报道……
It is believed that...据信……;人们相信……
It is suggested that + (should）do... 建议……
It must be admitted that…必须承认……
It cannot be denied that…不可否认……
It must be pointed out that…需指出的是……
2.连接代词who ，what ，which, whatever, whichever, whoever(Who, whom, which, what 可以和ever构成合成词，和what一样引导从句，ever起到强调作用。此类主语从句不能用形式主语it引导，它们在句子中担任成分，不能省略，语序为陈述语序)
What many scientists believe is that the earth is round …
Who will take part in the meeting has not been decided.
Whoever breaks the law will be punished.
Which student will win is uncertain.
Whatever was said here must be kept secret.
这里说的话都应当保密。
Whoever makes mistakes must correct them.
凡犯了错误的人都必须改正。
3)连接副词when，where，how，why等。
Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery.
When they will leave is not decided.
Where she is from is unknown.
How we will paint the house has not been decided.
注意:
1）主语从句在句首时，必须由连接词引导，不能省略这些连接词；但是如果用it做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，从属连词that可以省略。
误：They should like each other is natural.
正：That they should like each other is natural.
正：It is natural (that) they should like each other.
2)如果主语从句放在句首，不能用if引导，但是如果用it 做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，也可以用if引导.
或把if 改为whether
误：If Mary really heard him is really doubtful.
正：It was doubtful if Mary really heard him.
正: Whether Mary really heard him is really doubtful.
主语从句的规律：
例1. When will he come is not known.
正：When he will come is not known.
规律一、主语从句一律用陈述语序，即主语在前，谓语在后。
例2. He will not come to the meeting this evening is true.
正：That he will not come to the meeting this evening is true.
规律二、连词that 在从句中无实际意义，但不能省略。
例3. If the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.
正：Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.
规律三、whether 可以引导主语从句，放在句首，但if不能
例4. That whether he will help others is a fact.
正：That he will help others is a fact.
规律四、主语从句中的连词不能重叠使用。
例5. When he will come are a puzzle.
正：When he will come is a puzzle.
规律五、含主语从句的主句谓语动词多用单数第三人称形式。
例6.1. What he needs is that book.
2. What he needs are some books.
规律六、what 引导的主语从句，可根据表语决定主句动词的单复数形式。
例7.That the earth turns around the sun is known to all.
It is known to all that the earth turns around the sun.
规律七、主语从句为了避免头重脚轻现象，用it 做形式主语，而把从句放在后面。
宾语从句
宾语从句：在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.
He helps the girl.
主语谓语宾语
He knows that the girl is clever.
主语谓语宾语
学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态。
一．连接词
1．宾语从句为陈述句（肯定句和否定句），常用连接词that或将that省略，直接与主句相连。I know (that) he is at home.
2．从句为一般疑问句，常用连接词if或whether（是否）。在whether…or not结构中不能用if替换。
He wants to know...
Does he like English?
Did he like English?
He wants to know if/whether he likes English.
3．从句为特殊疑问句，常用what, when, where, which, who, how many,how far,how much, how -，等的疑问代、副词作连接词。
Can you tell me... ? Where has he gone?
Can you tell me where he has gone?
What’s your name?
Can you tell me what your name is ?
注意：当who/what为主语时，句式为：who/what+谓语+其他
I don’t know who is in the room.
二．语序
宾语从句的语序是：陈述语序
主句+连接词+从句主语+谓语+宾/其他
注意：be动词，助动词，情态动词都不能放在连接词之后（特殊情况：疑问词作主语时除外）
Where did he go?
Can you tell me where he went?
What is your name?
Can you tell me what your name is ?
Who will he help?
I don’t know who he will help .
特殊情况：
I don’t know who will help him.
I don’t know who is wrong.
三．判断时态情况：
1·主句用一般现在时，一般将来时，现在进行时，从句可用任意时。
I know he is an honest boy.
I know he has gone to Beijing.
I know he bought a car last month.
I am going to tell you that he bought a car last month.
2·主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。
He told me (that) he would buy a car the next month. ( will buy)
I didn’t know what he.( is doing )
He said the bus .(leave)
（注意：如果主句用过去时，从句是客观真理、自然现象、永恒事实,名言警句或谚语等时，只用一般现在时。）
1. The teacher told the children that the earth ＿B＿round the sun.
A.went
B. goes
C. go
宾语从句注意事项
1.否定前移，及完成反意问句；
在I /We think / believe / suppose / guess / imagine / expect等动词后跟宾语从句否定式时，应转移到主句上去，完成反意问句时，应与从句主/谓保持一致。
（注: 否定前移的条件是，主句主语是第一人称I .We）
我认为他是不对的,是吗？
I don't think he is right ,is he?
我相信/认为他们还没有完成那项工作
I don't believe they have finished their work yet, have they ?
I don’t believe you can fly,can you?
2.宾语从句和状语从句的分辩。
当if解释为“是否”时，其引导的是宾语从句。遵循宾语从句的时态规则。
He doesn’t know if she will come tomorrow.
当if解释为“如果”时，其引导的是条件状语从句。遵循的是“主将从现”的时态规则。She will come if she has time tomorrow.
3.宾语从句可以改成：疑问词+不定式
I don’t know what I should do.
I don’t know what to do.
Can you tell me how I can get to the zoo?
Can you tell me how to get to the zoo?
4.宾语从句必须用陈述语序。
主句+连词+主语+谓语+其他
5.主句为一般过去时，从句时态必须与主句时态保持一致。（从句真理性,客观事实除外）
表语从句
定义：在一个复合句中，从句作的是主语的表语成分。
A
The problem is puzzling.
这个问题令人困惑
主语,连系动词,形容词作表语
The problem is when we can get a pay rise.
问题是什么时候我们可以得到加薪.
主语连系动词一个句子作表语---表语从句
B
连接表语从句的连接词有：that, what, who, when, where, which, why,whether,how.whoever，whomever，whichever ，whatever等
He has become a teacher.
他已经成为一名教师。
He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago.
他已经成为了他10年前想成为的。
She has remained there for an hour.
她曾在那里停留了一个小时。
She has remained where I stood yesterday for an hour.
她一直在我昨天站的地方站了一个小时。
His suggestion is good.
他的建议是好的。
His suggestion is that we should stay calm.
他的建议是，我们应该保持冷静。
The question is confusing.
这个问题令人困惑.
The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.
问题是，他什么时候可以到达酒店。
Who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.谁与我明天将前往北京。
Why he cried yesterday.
昨天他为什么哭。
How I can persuade her to join us in the party.
我怎么能说服她加入我们的派对。
Whether the enemy is marching towards us.
是否敌人正向我们行进.
注意
A
表语从句一定要用陈述语序。
False: The question is when can he arrive at the hotel.
Right: The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.
B
不可以用if，而用whether 连接表语从句(as if 例外）。
引导宾语从句时可以互换if/whether 位于介词后要用whether
位于句首时要用whether
引导表语从句，主语从句，同位语从句时要用whether
False: The question is if the enemy is marching towards us.
Right: The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us.
Right: It looked as if he had understood this question.
C
不像宾语从句，在有表语从句的复合句中，主句时态和从句时态可以不一致。
Right: The question is who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.
Right: The question is why he cried yesterday.
D
that在表语从句中不可以省掉。
基本用法
表语从句只能置于主句之后，而主句的动词只能是联系动词。
名词性从句在be等系动词后作表语时被称为表语从句
例如： The problem is how we can get the things we need.问题是我们怎样能弄到我们需要的东西。 (how 在表语从句中充当方式状语)
The scissors are not what I need. 这把剪刀不是我所需要的。(what 在表语从句中充当宾语)
What I told him was that I would find him a good play. 我告诉他的是我会给他找个好剧本。(what在主语从句中作直接宾语， that作为表语从句的引导词在该表语从句中不充当句子成分，不能省略)
That is what I want to tell you.那就是我想要对你讲的。(what在表语从句中充当直接宾语)
That is why she failed to pass the exam. 那就是她考试不及格的原因。(why 在表语从句中充当原因状语)
注意
“That is why...”是常用句型，意为“这就是……的原因/因此……”，其中why 引导的名词性从句在句中作表语，该句型通常用于针对前面已经说明过的原因进行总结，又如： That is why you see this old woman before you know, Jeanne. 珍妮，这就是现在这个老太婆出现在你面前的原因。(前文提到Jeanne对老妇人显得苍老憔悴深感诧异，说话人对她讲述了其中的原因之后，用这一句来进行概括)。// That is why I came. 这就是我来的原因。
下面是两个与“That is why...”形式相似的结构，它们与“That is why...”结构之间的关系要能够辨析清楚：
(1)“That is why...”与“That is the reason why...”同义，只不过从语法结构上讲，“That is the reason why...”中why引导的是—个定语从句，将其中的the reason 去掉则与“That is why...”结构一样，例如：
That is (the reason) why I cannot agree. 这就是我不能同意的理由。
(2)“That is because...”句型中从属连词because引导的名词性从句在此作表语，这也是个常用句型，意为“这就是为什么……/因为……”。“That is because...”与“That is why...”之间的不同在于“That is because...”指原因或理由，“That is why...”则指由于各种原因所造成的后果，例如：
He did not see the film last night. That is because he had to help his little sister with her homework.昨天晚上他没有去看电影，那是因为他得帮助他的妹妹做作业。(第一句话说明结果，第二句话说明原因)
He had seen the film before. That is why he did not see it last night.他以前曾看过那部电影，因此他昨天晚上没有去看。(第一句话说明原因，第二句话说明结果) 案例分析
［考题1］
The traditional view is ____ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so. (2007上海)
A. when
B. why
C. whether
D. that
［答案］ D
［解析］下划线处之后是包含一个原因状语从句的表语从句，如果看不出它是充当整个句子结构的表语从句将难以把握整个句子的意思。因此，应选择可引导名词性从句且不充当任何成分的that。
［考题2］
You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ____ I disagree. (2004)
A. why
B. where
C. what
D. how
［答案］ B
［解析］下划线处的引导词引导系动词is后的表语从句并在该表语从句中充当地点状语(“disagree”属于不及物动词，“I disagree”本身是完整的主谓结构)，下划线应填入引导词where，表语从句“where I disagree”的意思是“我不同意之处、我不同意的地方”。
［考题3］
— I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
— Is that ____ you had a few days off? (1999)
A. why
B. when
C. what
D. where
［答案］ A
［解析］下划线处的引导词引导与系动词is连用的表语从句并在该表语从句中充当原因状语，下划线应填入表示“因此……”(指因某种原因所造成的结果)的引导词why。
［考题4］
____ she couldn’t understand was ____ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. (2000上海)
A. What; why
B. That; what
C. What; because
D. Why; that
［答案］ A
［解析］第一个下划线处的引导词引导主语从句并在该主语从句中充当宾语，特指她所不理解的事情，应填入关系代词型的引导词what；第二个下划线处表示“因此……”(指因某种原因所造成的后果，由why引导对应的名词性从句)而不是“为什么……”(指原因、理由，由because引导对应的名词性从句)，应填入引导词why。
［考题5］
____ made the school proud was ____ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. (2003上海春)
A. What; because
B. What; that
C. That; what
D. That; because
［答案］ B
［解析］第一个下划线处的引导词引导主语从句并在该主语从句中充当主语，特指令校方骄傲的事情，应选用关系代词型的引导词what；第二个下划线处引导表语从句表示原因、理由，应由that引导对应的名词性从句。
［考题6］
— Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?
— Oh, that’s ____. (2003北京春)
A. what makes me feel excited
B. whatever I feel excited about
C. how I feel about it
D. when I feel excited
［答案］ A
［解析］ A选项的意思是“令我感觉激动的事物”； B选项的意思是“我觉得激动的任何事物”； C选项的意思是“我对它感觉的方式”； D选项的意思是“令我感觉激动的时间”。四个选项中A最适合跟代表“game”的主语that对应，充当表语从句。
表语从句与宾语从句的关系
宾语从句和表语从句都属于名词性从句。其作用跟名词在句中的作用相同。故充当宾语的句子叫宾语从句，充当表语的句子叫表语从句。
宾语从句
(1)对于宾语从句要掌握以下三点
①语序: 从句的语序必须是陈述句语序, 即“主语 + 谓语”这种形式。
②时态: 当主句是一般现在时或一般将来时的时候, 从句可以是任何时态, 而当主句是一般过去时的时候, 从句, 从句时态必须是过去时范围的时态, 即(一般过去时, 过去进行时, 过去完成时, 过去将来时)。
③连接词: 当从句意思完整, 主句意思肯定时, 连接词用that, 且可以省去, 当从句意思完整, 主句意思不确定或含否定含意时, 常用if或whether(是否), 当从句意思不完整时, 连接词则是代替不完整部分的特殊疑问词。
表语从句
在句子中起表语作用的从句叫做表语从句，位于主句系动词的后面。表语从句的引导词和主语从句的引导词相同。也是名词性从句的一种。
如： What the police want to know is when you entered red the room警察想知道的是你什么时候进的房间。
The trouble is that we are short of funds困难是我们缺乏资金。
This is what we should do这是我们应当做的。
That”s why I want you to work there那就是我要你在那儿工作的原因。
His first question was whether Mr. Smith had arrived yet他的第一个问题是史密斯先生到了没有。
注意：从句中的疑问句用正常语序，即陈述语序。
as if, as though, because也可用来引导表语从句。
She seems as if she had done a great thing她看起来好像做了一件大事。
It is because you eat too much是因为你吃得太多了。
名词性从句---主语从句 1. What is needed for the space trip is careful preparation. 2. Her wish is that she can lose weight soon. 3. I think that woman can reach every high achievements in many fields of science. 4. We were very excited at the news that our team had won. 引导名词性从句的关联词可分为三类： 一．从属连词：that（无任何词意） whether, if（均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性） as if ,as though（均表示“好像”，“似乎”）以上在从句中均不充当任何成分二．连接代词：what, who, whom, which，whose, whatever, whoever, whichever(作主宾表定) 三．连接副词：when, where, how, why(作状语) I.主语从句 1.定义：在句子中担当主语的是一个从句,这个从句就叫做主语从句。 2.位置：主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it 代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 3.引导主语从句的关联词： (1)从属连词that,whether,if (在从句中不充当成分，仅起连接作用) That Jack won the match yesterday surprised us. Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear. (此处不能用if) (2)连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever(充当主宾表定) What she did is not known. Whoever comes is welcome. (3)连接副词where,when,how,why(在从句中充当状语) How this happened is not clear to anyone. When the meeting will be held is decided by our manager. 4.有时为了避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语，而把真正主语放在句子末尾。 How the book will sell depends on its author. = It depends on its author how the book will sell. That he is the best student in the class is obvious. = It is obvious that he is the best student in the class. 用it作形式主语的几种常见结构： (1) It is ＋名词＋从句 It is a fact that … 事实是… It is an honor that …非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that …是常识 (2) It is ＋形容词＋从句 It is natural that… 很自然It is strange that… 奇怪的是… (3) It is ＋不及物动词＋从句 It seems that… 似乎… It happened that… 碰巧… It ap pears that… 似乎… (4) It ＋过去分词＋从句
高考英语主语从句 定义：用作主语的从句叫主语从句，它是名词性从句之一。主语从句的时态：不受主句的时态影响和限制。引导主语从句的连接词有： 从属连词: that, whether； 连接代词: who (whoever), whom, whose, what (whatever)和which (whichever)； 连接副词: when, where, how和why。 连接词： 1. 从属连词：that，whether 1）that引导主语从句只起引导作用，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，that本身无实际意义，但不能省略。2）whether意为“是否”，放在句首句末皆可。由whether引导的名词从句做主语，表语，介词宾语，同位语时！不可用if代替。 a.That price will go up is certain. b. Whether they would support us was a problem. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。 2. 连接代词who ，what ，which, whatever, whichever, whoever (Who, whom, which, what可以和ever构成合成词，和what一样引导从句，ever起到强调作用。此类主语从句不能用形式主语it引导，它们在句子中担任成分，不能省略，语序为陈述语序，既有疑问含义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中充当各种成分。 Which side will win is not clear. Whoever breaks the law will be punished. Whatever he did is right. Who killed the scientist remains a question. 1）What和that引导的主语从句的区别：that 只起引导作用，不充当任何成分，没有意思。What 不仅起引导作用，还要充当一定成分(主语、宾语或表语)，意思是：“什么”。 What we need is money. That he will come is certain. 2）whatever / whoever的用法（~ever=no matter ~---让步状语从句中） whatever / whoever可以引导主语从句,并在句中作主语、宾语、表语等,不含疑问意义。whatever相当于anything that; whoever 相当于anyone who。例如: Whoever(Anyone who) wants to enter into this school must take the exam. Whatever(Anything that) she did was right. 3. 连接副词when，where，how，why等。既有疑问含义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中充当各种成分。How this happened is not clear to anyone. When he will be back depends on the weather. When we’ll start tomorrow will be told soon. Where the test will be given is not yet decided. 4. 主语从句后置：为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it 作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语. 例: That we shall be late is certain. -- It’s certain that we shall be late. 1）用it 作形式主语的结构 A. It + be + 形容词+ that 从句 (obvious, true, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.) 如：It is certain that she will do well in her exam. B. It + be + 名词词组+ that 从句(an honour, a fact, a pity, etc）如： It is a pity/shame that... 遗憾的是…… It is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是… It is a fact that… …是事实It is common knowledge that… …是常识 It’s a pity that we can’t go. C. It + be + 过去分词+ that 从句(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, etc。）如：It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. D. It + 不及物动词或短语+ that 从句( seem，happen, doesn’t matter ,turn out）。如： It happened that I was out that day. It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not. 2) 对于以连接代词(副词)引导的主语从句,可以使用形式主语代主语从句,也可直接在句首使用主语从
主语从句 一、主语从句的连词分三类 （1）从属连词引导的主语从句（that whether if） that引导的主语从句:引导词that无含义/在句中不做成分/不可以省。That 引导主语从句通常用it 作形式主语。 That she survived the accident is a miracle. whether有含义(是否)/在句中不做成分/不可以省。 注意：引导主语从句，不能用if不能在开头，只能用whether。 Whether she is coming or not doesn’t matter too much. （2）用连接代词引导的主语从句 在由连接代词who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever引导的名词性从句中，其连接代词在句中起名词性作用，担当一定成分. 例如Whatever we do is to serve the people. 注：whatever / whoever的功用 whatever = anything that; whoever = anyone who。要注意和whatever, whoever 引导的让步状语从句的区别。 如：Whoever breaks the law should be punished. （主语从句） （＝Anyone who breaks the law should be punished. ） Whoever breaks the law, he should be punished. （让步状语从句） （＝No matter who breaks the law, he should be punished. ） （3）用连接副词when, where, why, how引导的名词性从句(其连接副词有含义,在句中作状语。) 例如:Where we should leave it is a problem.
名词性从句复习公开课 学案 -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
高考英语名词性从句复习导学案 教学目标： 1.掌握名词性从句的种类及关联词的作用。 2.熟悉高考名词性从句的主要考点，掌握解题技巧。 教学重点：帮助学生总结名词性从句中七大考点 教学难点：帮助学生区分what 和that 的用法。 教学过程设计 Step1 Leading-in 1)Enjoy a song, fill in the blanks please! 2)Practice time:请判断下列划线部分属哪种名词性从句 1. What I want to do is watching TV. 2. The news that they won the game made us happy. 3. I don’t know who helped me last night.. 4. The fact is that he stole the car. 5. Do you know the fact that he stole the car 6. It is said that they won the game 归纳：（一）名词性从句包括，，，。 特点：都有关联词引导, 用陈述句的语序。 （二）名词性从句定义 1.在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。 2.名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、表语、宾语、同位语等成分。 Step2 Exploring Explore six aspects that need our special attention in noun clauses. Provide students with exercises first and then guide them to summarize the rules from the exercises. 设计目的：让学生回忆并进一步熟悉名词性从句的考点和易混淆点。让学生从习题中总结能够培养学生的探索和总结能力。 名词性从句考点： 考点1．语序问题 1.No one can be sure ____ in a million years. A. what will man look like B. what man will look like
主语从句 导入：观察并指出句子成分 A treehas fallenacrossthe road. Youarea student. To find your waycan bea problem. Smokingisbadfor you. 一．概念： 主语：主语是指句子谈论的主题，说明的人或事物。也就是句中动作、行为、性质和状态的主体，一般位于句首 主语从句：在句中充当主语的从句 二·基本结构 关系词简单句谓语动词宾语同位语 Thathe finished writing the composition in such a short timesurprisedusall. 他在很短的时间内写完作文让我们都很惊讶 三关系词(引导词) 1．从属连词：that whether that 引导主语从句只起引导作用，本身无实际意义，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，但不能省略。 That she left him cut him to the heart. That he will come is certain. 注意：有时为了使句子结构平衡, 避免“头重脚轻”, 常用it 作形式主语, 而把从句放在后面。E.g That she has made such a mistake is a pity. It is a pity that she has made such a mistake. 这样就构成了下面一些常用句型: 1) It is + adj. +从句 It is necessary that… 有必要… It is important tha t …. 重要的是… It is obvious that…… 很明显…… 2) It +不及物动词+从句 It seems/appears that... 似乎…… It happened that... 碰巧…… It occurred to me that…… 我突然想起…… 3) It + be +过去分词+从句 It is said that... 据说……
名词性从句 主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句，它们在复合句中的功用相当于名词，因此称为名词性从句，在句中分别作主语、表语、宾语和同位语。 1．When he will come is still unknown. 2．I don’t know who has watered the fields. 3．The problem is that we need more money. 4．Have you heard the news that our team won the game? 1．主语从句：在复合句中作句子主语的从句。 引导词：连词that、whether;疑问代词who, what, which; 疑问副词when, where, how, why (1)连词that（无词意）, whether(是否), 在从句中不担任句子成分，只起连接作用; whether能引导主语从句，而if不能。 That you don’t like him has nothing to do with me. Whether John will do this experiment remains a question. （2）疑问代词who, what, which, 在从句中既作连接词又充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等。 Who will be sent abroad to further his studies is not announced. What surprised me most was that such a little girl could play the violin so well. Which school will win the prize is not known. Whose dictionary has not been found is still unknown. Whichever you take will be yours. Whoever wants this book may take it. Whatever was said here must be kept secret. (3)疑问副词when, where, how, why在从句中充当时间状语、地点状语、方式状语、原因 状语 When they will start hasn’t been de cided yet. Where the heroine went is not mentioned at the end of the story. How he managed to finish the composition in such a short time is still a mystery. Why he often comes here is known to us all.
主语从句详解 一、概述 在句子中起名词作用的各种从句统称为名词性从句.根据它们在句中的语法作用, 这类从句又可分为主语从句、同位语从句、表语从句和宾语从句. 二、主语从句主要有四类 （1）由连词that引导的主语从句:引导词that无含义/在句中不做成分/不可以省. 例如：That you will win the medal seems unlikely. That you are so indifferent bothers me. That she survived the accident is a miracle. （2）用连词 whether 引导的主语从句: whether有含义(是否)/在句中不做成分/不可以省. 注意：引导主语从句, 不能用if, 只能用whether. 例如：Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather. Whether she is coming or not doesn’t matter too much. （3）用连接代词引导的主语从句 在由连接代词who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever引导的名词性从句中, 其连接代词在句中起名词性作用, 担当一定成分. 例如：What you need is more practice. What I want to know is this. Whatever we do is to serve the people. 注：whatever / whoever的功用
高中英语主语从句知识点整理 课 件www.5y https://www.doczj.com/doc/8418605878.html, 1.定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。 2.构成：关联词+简单句 3.引导主语从句的关联词有三类： 从属连词that。 例如：Thattheywereintruthsisterswasclearfromthefacialrese mblancebetweenthem.很明显，她们确是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。 从属连词whether。 例如：whetherhe'llcomehereisn'tclear.他是否会来这里还不清楚。 连接代词： who whom whose what which whoever whatever
whichever 连接副词： where when how why 例如： whatshedidisnotyetknown.她干了什么尚不清楚。 Howthishappenedisnotcleartoanyone.这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。 whoevercomesiswelcome.不论谁来都欢迎。 whereveryouareismyhome----myonlyhome.你所在的任何地方就是我的家----我唯一的家。 注：主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有： A. It+be+形容词+that从句。 例如： Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。 Itisprobablethathetoldhereverything.很可能他把一切都告诉她了。
B. It+be+名词词组+that从句。 例如： It'sapitythatwecan'tgo.很遗憾我们不能去。 It'snosurprisethatourteamshouldhavewonthegame.我们没赢这场比赛真意外。 c.It+be+过去分词+that从句。 例如： Itissaidthatmr.GreenhasarrivedinBeijing.据说格林先生已经到了北京。 Itisreportedthatchinahassentanotherman-madeearthsat elliteintoorbit.据报道中国又成功地发射了一颗人造地球卫星。 D.It+seem,happen等不及物动词及短语+that从句。 例如： ItseemsthatAliceisnotcomingtothepartyatall.Alice似乎不来参加晚会。 IthappenedthatIwasoutthatday.碰巧我那天外出了。 E.It+doesn'tmatter+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。
考研英语长难句：名词性从句-主语从句 名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句（Nominal Clauses）。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同谓语从句。 主语从句 作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that,whether,if和连接代词what,who,which,whatever,whoever以及连接副词how,when,where,why等词引导。that在句中无词义,只 起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用,在从句中充当从句的成分。例如： What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么,还不清楚. Who will win the match is still unknown. 谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知. 1. 由that 引导的主语从句可以直接放句首 That the seas are being overfished has been known for
years.（2006 text3） 海洋正在被人们过度捕捞，许多年以来这已是尽人皆知的事情了。 That such a conjunction of circumstances might occur again soon, especially considering shrinking US defense budgets and diminishing overseas base access,is problematical at best. 至于在近期内能否再次出现这种各个情况巧合的局面，即使最乐观的看法也是值得怀疑的，尤其是考虑到美国国防预算缩减和海外基地减少的情况。 2. 有时为避免句子头重脚轻,常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首,而主语从句置于句末.主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式.常用句型如下：【第1句】 （1） It + be + 名词 + that从句 （2） It + be + 形容词 + that从句 （3） It + be + 动词的过去分词 + that从句 （4） It + 不及物动词 + that 从句 It’s a pity that he didn’t come. 很遗憾他没来。 It was intended that you be the candidate. 大家的意图是让你当候选人。
要考试，找戴氏戴氏教育乐山分校主讲教师：徐海燕 主语从句——突破高考 1、名词性从句的概念：名词性从句相当于名词。 主语从句 2、名词性从句种类表语从句 宾语从句 3、引导名词性从句的关系词：①从属连词：that；whether；if；as if（表语从句） ②连接代词：who；whom；whose；what；which ③连接副词：when；where；why；how 以及how组成 的短语：how many；how long；how far。。。 （1）主语从句 Eg：A、What surprised me most was to see some of the village people seated on the benches at the end of room. B、That he will come is certain. C、Whether she’s coming or not doesn’t matter too much. D、Which team will win the match is a matter of public concern. E、Where she has gone is not known yet’ ※主语从句较长时，放句末，用it 作形式主语。 Eg：It was well known that Napoleon always asked the same three questions，and usually in the same order. It is uncertain whether he can come or not. It remains a secret how they climbed up the mountain. It has not been decided when they will leave for New York. 总结：用it作形式主语有以下几种常用句型： ①it + be + 形容词+从句 ②it + be + 名词词组+从句 ③it + be + 过去分词+从句 ④it + seems ; happen ;等不及物动词+从句 直击高考： 1、______leaves the room last ought to turn off the light. A、Anyone B、The person C、Whoever D、Who 2、______the Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet. A、Whenever B、If C、Whether D、That 3、_____he said at the meeting astonished every present. A、What B、That C、The fact D、That 4、_____we can’t get seems better than ______ we have. A、What ; what B、What ;that C、That ; that D、That ;that 5、_____ troubles me is ______ I can’t learn all these English idioms by heart. A、That ; that B、What ; that C、That ; what D、What ;\ 6、______fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect. A、What B、That C、This D、Which
主语从句 在从句中充当主语的复合句，主语即为主句动作的发出者或状态的持有者。有两种形式：直接放句首；it 为形式主语，真正的主语在句子后（为了避免头重脚轻）。主语从句时态不受主句的限制。 （一）连接词引导的主语从句 主语从句在复合句中作主句的主语,引导主语从句的词有从属连词that, whether以及连接代词who, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever和连接副词when, where, why, how等. 连接词引导的从句 That light travels in straight line is known to all.我们都知道光是以直线传播的。 Whether he will join us is still a question.他是否会加入我们仍是个问题。 连接代词引导的从句 Who will be sent there has not been decided.大家还没有决定谁会被送过来。（主语） What you need is more practice. 你需要更多的练习。(宾语) Whatever we do is to serve the people.我们无论做什么都是为了服务人民。（宾语） Which is the best is not clear.我们不清楚哪个最好。(主语) 连接副词引导的从句 Where he has gone is a question.我们不知道他去哪儿了。（地点状） How he can earn a living in London remains a big problem. 如何在伦敦谋生仍是个大问题。（方式状） When we shall have our sports meet is a mystery. 什么时候会开运动会仍是个迷。（时间状） 注意：在主语从句中，为了避免头重脚轻的问题，常用it为形式主语，真正的主语在句子后。（上述的例子转换） （二）总结it为形式主语的结构： 1)It is + adj. / n. +从句 It is a pity/shame that...遗憾的是…… It is possible that...很可能……
高中英语语法专项练习之主语从句 1、The limits of a person’s intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but ________he reaches these limits will depend on his environment. A. where B. whether C. that D. why 2、Since there are many excellent athletes competing against each other in the game, it is uncertain __________ he will succeed in winning the medal. A. that B. what C. whether D. where 3、 _______ are playing an important part is well known to us all. A. That who B. Those who C. Who that D. Who 4、 They lost their way in the forest, and _______ made matters worse was that night began to fall. A. it B. which C. that D. what 5、 As far as I'm concerned, is most important, when it comes to friendship, is honesty. A. what B. which C. that D. it 6、It is often the case _________ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. A.why B.what C.as D.that 7、 The research found that people ______ keep fit are more likely to have larger brains, better memories and clearer thinking. A. which B. who C. whose D. whom 8、 After _____ seemed ages, the newsman disclosed the facts. A. what B. it C. which D. that 9、It can’t be a coincidence_________ four jewelry sores were robbed in one night. A. why B. what C. which D. that 10、_____ is known to all is that effective measures should be taken to deal with the problem of the over-exploiting of our resources. A. What B. It C. As D. Which 11、It was absurd that ________ those who had done better than him in this way. A．did he envy B．he envied C．he was envied D．was he envied 12、 _____ surprised me most was to see so many women crying sadly there. A. That B. It C. Which D. What
名词性从句在复合句中具有名词的性质的作主语、表语、同位语、宾语的从句叫名词性从句。因此，我们把主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和宾语从句这四种从句统称为名词性从句。 种类作用常用关联词例句 主语从句在复合句中做主语，相当于名词， 一般置谓语之前，也可用it作形式 主语，主语从句放主句之后 that, whether, if, as if, as though, who, whose, which, how, when, where, why, what, whatever, whoever, wherever Whether he will come or not doesn’t matter much. Whoever comes here will be welcome. 表语从句在复合句中做表语，相当于名词， 位于系动词之后 It looks as if it is going to snow. 宾语从 句在复合句中做宾语，相当于名词He asked me which team could win the game. 同位语从句放在名词之后(news, problem, idea, suggestion, advice, thought, hope, fact等) 表明其具体内容 You have no idea how worried we are. The fact that he lied again greatly surprised us. 主语从句(subject clauses)在复合句中起主语作用的从句叫主语从句。引导主语从句的词有从属连词、、关系代词、连接副词等。引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词that、whether，关系代词：who, w hat, which, whom, whose, w hatever, whoever, whomever, whichever；关系副词：when, w here, how, why, however, whenever, wherever等。 That you don’t like him is none of my business.你不喜欢她不管我的事。 What he said is true. 他说的是真的。 Do you remember how he arrived almost at the end of the party?你记得他几乎是在宴会快结束时才到的吗？ This party's really where it's at, man! 啊，这个晚会真棒！Tell us how you fulfilled the heavy task ahead of schedule.告诉我们,你们是怎样提前完成这一艰巨任务的。 We have reason to believe that the fighting on the border may d evelop into a full-blown war. (喻)我们有理由相信边境上的冲突可能发展成一场全面战争。 He said that he would come. 他说他要来。
英语练习: 主语从句 Ⅰ. 用适当的连接词填空 1.They lost their way in the forest and ______made matters worse was ______night began to fall. what, that and连接两个分句，and后面的分句中含有一个主语从句和一个表语从句；主语从句中缺主语，what made matters worse “使事情更糟糕的是…”，后面的night began to fall意义完整，作表语，不需要有意义的引导词，所以填that。 2. There is no doubt, in my opinion, that _________matters is not the quantity, but the quality of the products.There is no doubt that…. “毫无疑问…”，in my opinion 是插入语，that引导的是一个同位语从句。that同位语从句中又含有一个主语从句:_____matters, matter 是谓语动词，指“有关系，要紧，重要”，其前无主语，所以填what。 3. It doesn’t interest me _______you succeed or not. It是形式主语，替代后面的主语从句。由or not可知该空填whether。 4. _______the astronaut ate his food in space is _______we want to know. How, what（如果你懂得来龙去脉，可以不看下面的文字）一定要懂得句子作一个成分如主语或宾语时，一定有一个引导词+陈述句，而这个引导词的选择取决于意义和句子成分。还有一点关键的，不少同学不会断句，根本不知道哪里是从句。如果一眼看不出来，先找动词，动词要不前面有名词或代词，要不后面有名词或代词，如果是不及物动词，后面就没有宾语。以这句为例：动词有ate,is, want , know, 看ate,前面有astronaut, 是主语，ate后面有his food，是宾语，句意为“宇航员在太空中吃食物”。is “是”，we want to know “我们想知道”，大脑加工一下信息：“宇航员在太空中吃食物”+ “是”+“我们想知道”, 这句话显然意思不通，必须加符合意义的词，这个词还要肩负引导一个从句的作用。“宇航员在太空中吃食物”这句话主谓宾齐全，所以引导词用连接副词，而不是连接代词。好吧，什么是连接副词？又有哪些连接副词？脑补一下，when，where，why，how，那个意义符合，how最佳，似乎when也可以，这是单句填空，如果在文中，看上下文需要什么意思。Where不可以，后面有in space，你觉得why可以吗？“宇航员为什么在太空吃东西”，这问题很搞笑，不在太空，在哪里？ 再看后面的部分，是表语，由句子充当，叫表语从句，we want to know,我们想知道, 想知道什么（事或东西），know缺一个宾语，哪个词表示“…的东西、事情”，只有what，千万不能用that，that只起引导作用，把一个完整意义的句子归到它的名下，一同去充当某个句子成分。What不但起引导作用，还要在它统率的句子里作一个成分，而在上面的句子里，what作know的宾语。 5. ______ you can make your dream come true depends on hard work more than luck. Whether 先断句，“你可以让你的梦想变成现实”+取决于+努力+而不是运气，“你可以让你的梦想变成现实”这一部分是句子的主语，相当于一个名词，但缺领头的引导词，这句主谓宾齐全，考虑填连接词that,if ,whether, 或连接副词
定语从句 1. After living in Australia for many years, Louise finally returned to the country she was born. 2. There are many good websites you can check out the latest in the science world. Another saying which has come from the fable is God helps 3.those help themselves”. 4. Then Needham began his lifelong research, ended up creating the greatest work--Science and Civilization in China. 5. His interest started a few years ago, he was in college and studying wildlife science. 6. There are perhaps 40 million competitive table tennis players and many ordinary people play less seriously. 7. He was a great scientist and extraordinary man work and legacy will live on for many years. 8. That is an Oxford college, famous graduates include the late Benazir Bhutto. 9. But it's not like many other countries there seems to be tension