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八年级上册英语笔记

八年级上册英语笔记
八年级上册英语笔记

Unit1 How often do you exercise?

Section A

Lange Goal: Talk about how often you do thing .

标题释义:

知识点 1. how often 的用法:

1)how often 是“多久一次”的意思,常用频率副词(always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never), once a week , two or three times a month ,every day等词来回答。如果对这些词划线部分提问,则用how often.

2)how often 的同义词组是how many times (多少次),所以问句的同义句句是:How many times do you exercise ?

3)但是how many times 与how often 的区别是how many times 通常只用 once, twice, three times 等来回答。

eg. How often does she go to the movies ?

------- Twice a month

How many times do you watch TV every week ?

------- Three times.

4)补充:

how long 是“多长时间”的意思,回答常用“for…”或”since …”引导的时间状语。Eg. How long have you been in America ?

“他在美国多久了”

------- For two years .“两年了”

how soon 是“还要多久才…”的意思,一般用将来时态,回答用“in …”引导的时间状语。

eg . How sooon will he be back ? “他多久回来“

------- He will be back in an hours . “他一小时后回来”

how much 也意为“多少”,但后面跟不可数名词,也对数量提问;同时还可用来询问价格“多少钱”的意思。

eg . How much water do you want ? “你想要多少水?”

-------Two bottles . “两瓶”。

结构: How much + 不可数名词 + 一般疑问句?意思为“多少”

How much is a piece of bread ? “一片面包多少钱?

------Three yuan . “三元”

结构: How much + 一般疑问句?意思为“多少钱”

注意:bread 面包是不可数名词,前面不能用a,

只能用 a + 数量词+of + 不可数名词来表示

How many books do you have ? “你有多少本书?

--------- Three books. “ 3本书。”

结构: How many + 名词复数 + 一般疑问句?意思为“多少”

知识点2 . do的用法

1)问句中的do 是助动词,帮助构成一般疑问句,没有汉语意思,我们学过的助动词有(do ,does ,did, don’t , doesn’t ,didn’t ).

2)助动词的用法:

助动词后面必须有行为动词,而且这个行为动词必须用原形,如标题do后面的行为动词是exercise ,而且exercise 是动词原形。

助动词很显然在句子中只是起到帮助作用,帮助句子构成一般疑问句或构成否定句。在句子中如果有be动词(am,is are)或情态动词(can能,会,可以。may 可以, should 应该,must 必须,will 将要)把句子变成否定句则直接在be 动词或情态动词后面加上not ,有some 换成any 就可以了。变成一般疑问句,则直接将be 动词或情态动词提到句首,第一人陈和第二人称互换就可以了,但如果句子中没有be 动词或情态动词怎么变成否定句和一般疑问句呢?那就请助动词帮忙,变成否定句在行为动词前面加don’t或doesn’t,变成一般疑问句则直接在句首加Do或Does。

eg . She is a studend .

She is not a student

Is she a student ?

He can play football.

He can not play football.

Can he play football?

They go to the movies every day .

They don’t go to the movies every day .

Do they go to the movies every day?

He goes to the movies every day .

He doesn’t go to the movies every day .

Does he go to the movies every day?

3) do ,does ,did, don’t,doesn’t, didn’t除了可以作助动词外还可以作行为动词,意思是“做”,eg . do homework , does homework, did homework “做作业”, do sports “做运动“

eg. She does homework every day. 这里的does是行为动词“做”

She doesn’t do homework every day .

Does she do homework every day ?

知识点3 . exercisede 用法

1.v. 动词锻炼,运动= do sports = play sports

2.n . “锻炼,运动”是不可数名词,不能+s, 词组:

take exercise = get exercise (锻炼)

n . “练习,体操”是可数名词,复数+s 即:exercises

词组: math exercises (数学练习题)

do morning exercises (做早操)

do eye exercises (做眼保健操)

看图片写单词

a. shop (购物) v .

b. read (看书) v.

c. exercise (锻炼)v.

d. watch TV (看电视) v.

e. skateboard (踩滑板)v.

释义:

1.)shop (v动词)=go shopping = do some shopping (购物,买东西)

shop (n名词)商店= store

2.)read = read a book = read books (读书,看书),reading“阅读”

3.)skateboard= go skateboarding (踩滑板)

本页重点句型:

What do you usually do on weekends ?

(在周末你通常做什么?)

I often go to the movies .(我经常去看电影)。

知识点1:句子中第一个do 是助动词,第二个do 是行为动词“做“

知识点2: usually是频率副词“通常“的意思,usually既可以放在句子开头还可以放在句子中间。

知识点3: on weekends “在周末”的意思,weekends 是weekend的复数形式,表示泛指的周末,而不是特指的周末。这里要用介词on , 也可用介词at ,美国人习惯用on weekends ,但英国人习

惯用at weekends . 而要表示‘‘这个周末”则一定不要加介词on,如:this weekend .

weekend周末)= Saturday(周六) + Sunday (周日)

weekday “平日,工作日,上班日”= Monday(周一)+ Tuesday (周二)+Wenesday(周三)+Thursday (周四)+ Ftiday (周五)

在平日也要用on ,即 on weekday

week (周)= weekend(周末) + weekday (工作日)

知识点4:表示时间的介词on, in与at的区别

1)on 用于日,周几或特定的某个上午,下午,晚上或几月几日。

eg . on Sunday(在周日) , on January 1st (在一月一日)

on the morning of last Sunday (在周日的上午)

2)in 用于一天中的早,午,晚,周,季节,年,世纪

eg . in the monning (在上午), in the afternoon ( 在下午),

in the evenning (在晚上) in a week (一周中),

in January (在一月), in spring (在春天)

3)at 用于点钟,黎明,中午,黄昏,半夜。

eg. at six (六点钟) , at noon (在中午,一般是12点)

at night (在半夜,一般是晚上睡觉时), at dawn (在黎明)

知识点5. go to the movies (去看电影)

go to the movies = go to the cinema /s i n i m?/(电影院)

=go to see a film /f i l m/(电影)

1a . Look at the picture. Make a list of the d ifferent weekend activities.

(看图。将不同的周末活动列成表)

1. skateboarding

2. watching TV

3. shopping

4. reading

5. exercising

知识点1 . 复习v+ing 规律

1. 一般情况下直接在动词后面+ing

2. 在重读开音节单词中,去掉不发音的e,再+ing

3.再重读闭音节单词中,爽些最后一个辅音字母,再加+ing

4. 以ie 结尾的吧ie变成y ,再加+ing

知识点2. go + v ing 形式

go shopping (去购物) go swimming (去游泳)

go skateboarding (去踩滑板) go hiking (去远足)

1b . Listen and write the letters from the picture above on the lines below . (听并且把上面图片中的字母卸载下面的横向上)

always (100﹪)----usually ------- often-----sometimes------

hardly ever-----never (0﹪)

知识点1 :频率副词的用法

1)6个频率副词

always(总是)100﹪〉usually (通常) 80﹪〉often (经常)50﹪〉sometimes(有时)20﹪〉hardly ever (几乎不)5﹪〉never(从不)0﹪

补充一个:seldom (很少)

2)频率副词在句子中的位置:通常放在be动词,情态动词或助动词之后,行为动词之前。但是usually, sometimes ,never也可以放在句子的开头。而频度副词 every day(每天) , three times (三次) 等往往放在句子结尾。

3)频率副词多用于一般现在时或一般过去时态中。

4)表示否定的频率副词有: hardly ever ,never, seldom, 另外还有little,few (很少,几个),如果句子中友了这些词则该句子为否定句了不需要在加no或not.

5)always 反义词是never , usually 对应often ,always not = hardly

6)对频率副词提问,通常用 how often 来提问。

7)hardly与hard的区别。

hrdly副词,意为“几乎没有,几乎不”(为否定副词,表示否定含义)。

提别提示:hardly不是hard家后缀所构成的副词。

hard (adj) “困难的,硬的,艰苦的”

(adv)“努力地,猛烈地,用力地”

8)sometimes的用法:

sometimes (有时) some times ( 几次,几倍)

sometime ( 某时) sometime ( 一段时间)

1c. pairwork (结对练习)

Talk about the people in the picture above .

(谈论上面图片中的那些人)

What do they do on weekends?

(他们周末在做什么?)

运用图片中5个动词,模仿表格中的对话。频率副词也可多样。

What does she usually do on weekends ?

-------She often shops on weekends.

What does she often do on weekends ?

-------- She often reads at home on weekends.

What does he do on weekends ?

---------He usually exercises on weekends.

What does he do on weekends ?

---------He always watches TV at home.

What does she do on weekends ?

---------She sometimes goes skateboarding outdoors.

What does he do on weekends?

--------He hardly ever draws pictures.

What does she do on weekends ?

--------She never writes on weekends .

2a. Listen.Cheng is talking about how often he does different activities . Number the activities you hear [ 1---5]

(听,程正在谈论他从事不同活动的频率。)

知识点1 . 次数表达法:

once(一次), twice (两次) ,month(月), year(年)

once or twice (一两次) three or four times=three times or four (三四次)

two or three times(两三次)

once a week 一周一次(“一次”用特殊词 once)

twice a day 一天两次(“两次”用特殊词 twice)

three times a month 一个月三次(三次或三次以上用基数词 + times 的结构构成)

four times a year 一年四次

知识点2. how often 句型

How often do you watch TV?

-------Twice a week .

How many times do you watch TV?

--------Three times.

2b. Listen again .How often does Cheng do the activities above?

Match his activities with the number of times he does them.

(再听一遍,程多久从事一次上述活动?将他的活动与他从事这些活动的次数联系起来。)

2c. Pairwork

How often do you do these activities ?

Fill in the chart and then make conversations.

(结对练习,你多久做一这些活动?填表,然后编对话)

知识点1. surf the Internet (上网)

= be online = go online

知识点2 . active的用法

active “积极的,活跃的”–名词----activity—复数------ activities 词组: take an active part in 积极参与

知识点3 . What’s your favourite program ?

------- It’ s Animal World .

favourite “最喜欢的”= like…best

eg. My favourite colour is white

= I like white best. 我最细化的颜色是白色。

program=programme “节目,议程,日程,计划,纲要,纲领”

Grammer Focus (语法聚焦)

4.Read the magazine article .Use the information in the boxes below to help

you . (阅读杂志上的文章,用下面表中的信息帮助你)

知识点1. 词组

Green High School (格林高中)

at Green High School (在格林高中)

activity servey (活动调查)

the result of “…的结果”

once or twice a week (一周一两次)

three or four times(一周三四次)

two or three times a week (一周两三次)

as tor (至于,关于)

do homework(做作业) homework 是不可数名词

the result for “至于。。。结果”

知识点2 . interesting 的用法:

interested 与interesting的用法区别

1.interesting 表示使人感兴趣,interested 表示某人自己本身感兴趣。如:

The story is very interesting, so all the children are interested in it. 这个故事很有趣,所以所有的孩子都对它感兴趣。

2.不要认为interesting 一定指物,interested 一定指人。如:

Our English teacher is very interesting. 我们的英语教师很有趣。

I read an interested expression on his face. 我看到他脸上露出一种感兴趣的表情。

3.be interested 之后可接in doing sth 或to do sth,含义稍有差别:接前者意为“对做某事感兴趣”,接后者意为“有兴趣地做某事”。如:

He is interested in becoming a painter. 他对当画家很感兴趣(即一心想当画家)。

We are interested to hear your remark. 我们很有兴趣想听听你的意见。

My uncle has an ________ hobby.He is ________ in old dictionaries.

A.interesting;interesting B.interested;interested

C.interesting;interested D.interested;interesting

答:选C

解析:interesting是形容词,有主动意味,意为“有趣的”,作表语时,主语通常是物;作定语时,既可修饰人,也可修饰物;interested也是形容词,有被动意味,意为“感兴趣的、对……感兴趣”,主语通常是人,且多用于be/get/feel/become interested in 结构中。如:

1. She is________in the________story.

A.interesting; intereste

B. interested; interesting

C. interesting; interesting

D. interested; interested

Key: B

3.What interesting people! 多么有趣的人!

interesting,fun,funny的意义与习惯用法的不同

interesting用于描述令人感兴趣的事物或情形,例如:

It is an interesting book for children.那是一本有趣的儿童读物。

We had a long and interesting talk.我们作了一次很有意思的长谈。

fun可以作名词,interesting和funny不能作名词,fun作形容词讲时,用来指令人愉快的事物或喜欢与之相处的人,例如:

We had a fun night in the club.我们在俱乐部度过了一个欢乐的夜晚。

Our day at the beach was really fun.我们在海滩度过的日子真的很有意思。

My sister is a fun person.我妹妹是一个有趣的人。

funny用来指令人发笑的人或者事物,例如:

That's the funniest joke I've ever heard.那是我所听过的最风趣的笑话。

interesting 形容词,用来修饰物e.g. the film is interesting.

interested 形容词,用来修饰人e.g. I am interested to hear your story.

通常,-ing后缀都是用来修饰物的,翻译为令人...的。例如surprising 令人惊奇的。-ed后缀是用来修饰人的,翻译为感到...的。例如surprised 感到惊奇的。

此外,还有很多这样的词:embarrassing/embarrassed, worrying/worried, amazing/amazed, shocking/shocked 等等。

只要知道这些词动词形式和后缀的意思,就很容易的指导这些词的意思了

知识点3 . here 的用法:

“here”是表示“处所”的副词, 表示“在这里”。但它的用法却不仅如此, 现作简单归纳。

1. 常用在动词be之后, 作表语, 表示“在/到这里”。主语可以是表特指的名词、代词、不定代词……等, 有时也可用泛指性的名词词组。如:

Ann is not here.

— Where is my shirt?

— It's here.

— Where are they?

— They are here.

Is everyone here today?

Are we all here?

肯定陈述句中, 这种“here”有时也可提前置于句首。主语若为名词, 应引起倒装; 主语若为人称代词, 则“主谓”要用正常语序。这种提前主要是为了强调。如:

— Where's my watch?

— Is it in your bag?

— No, it isn't. Oh, here it is. (— It is here. )It's in my pencil-box.

若主语为泛指性名词, 还原正常语序时, 应用“There be +主语+here”句型。

Here is an English book. (=There is an English book here. An English book is here. )

2. 用在其他行为动词之后或句末, 作状语, 表示运动的方向, 行为发生的处所, 放置东西的处所……等。如:

Come here, please.

Please sit down here.

Put them here.

还常用在“there be..."结构末作状语:

There are some books here.

There aren't any cats here.

知识点4 . 数量百分比

All = 100% most = 51%----99%

Some = 1%---50% no = 0%

知识点 5 . no students , no的用法:

词性不同

no

a.

1. 没有

He has no friends in this city.

在这个城市里他没有朋友。

2. 【口】很少,很小

He'll be back in no time.

他很快就会回来。

3. 不许;不要;没有

No smoking!

严禁吸烟!

4. 【口】不可能

ad.

1. (用以表示否定的回答)不,不是,没有

"Is the baby a boy?" "No, it's a girl."

"婴儿是男孩吗?" "不,是女孩。"

2. (用在比较级之前)一点也不

He is no older than you.

他并不比你年长。

3. (用于形容词前)并非,并无

It is no different.

这没有什么不同。

4. (用于表示惊奇等)不对,不会,不许

n.

1. 不;没有;否定;拒绝

Did he give a yes or a no to your idea?

他对你的想法表示赞成还是反对?

2. 反对票;投反对票者

not

ad.

1. 不

He is not a member of the Union.

他不是工会会员。

2. (用来代替并否定一个词组或句子)不,不会

Drop that gun! If not, you'll be sorry.

把枪扔下!否则你会后悔的。

3. (与否定词一起构成双重否定表肯定)并非,不怎么They refused her request not without good reason. 他们不无道理地拒绝了她的请求。

4. (与all,both,every连用表示部分否定)不都是,不全是Both houses are not white.

两所房子不都是白色的。

nor

conj.

1. (用在neither之后)也不

I have neither time nor money for pop festivals.

我既没时间也没钱来参加流行音乐节。

2. (用在not,no,never之后)也不

The story is not interesting nor instructive.

这个故事没有味道,也没有教育意义。

I have never spoken nor written to her.

我跟她从来没说过话,也没写过信。

3. (用在句首,句子须倒装)也不

You do not like him, nor do I.

你不喜欢他,我也不喜欢。

知识点 6 . 英语中约数表达法

知识点 7 . most 的用法:

知识点 8. everyday 与 every day 的区别

知识点 9. about 的用法:

知识点 10 . as for 的用法:

Section B 1a . 9个生词

1b . 对话

知识点1 drink的用法:

知识点2 milk 的用法:

知识点3 want 的用法:

知识点4 be good for 的用法:

知识点5 health 的用法:

2a .

2b.

知识点1 重点单词

vegetable , fruit , sleep , hour

eat vegetables ,eat fruit , eat junk food drink milk , drink coffee

知识点 2 how many 与how much

2c .

生词: interviewer

3a .

知识点1 . 词组

come home from school

eating habits

a lot of

of course

look after

healthy lifestyle

get good grades

知识点2. pretty 的用法:

知识点3. when 的用法:

知识点4. try 的用法:

知识点5 . a lot of 的用法:

知识点6. look after的用法:

知识点7. help的用法:

知识点8. better的用法:

知识点9. why not的用法:

知识点10. the same as的用法:

知识点11. be different from的用法:

3b.

知识点1. kind of 的用法:

知识点2. maybe 与 may be 的区别:

知识点3. although的用法:

3c .

4.

Self check

1.keep in good health

2.less

3.must

Unit 2 What’s the matter? (怎么啦?)

Section A

Language Goals:

◆Talk about your health

◆Give advice

一 . 语言目标:Give advice (提出建议)

知识点1. advice 的用法:

(1)advice 是不可数名词,意思为“建议,忠告,劝告”,表示“一条建议”

是,不能说an advice ,而是 a piece of advice

表示“一些建议”是 some advice.

(2) advice 的句型(补充)

give sb advice (给某人建议)

take one’s advice (接受某人建议)

listen to one’s advice (听从某人的建议)

ask for one’s advice (征求某人的建议)

(3)比较:

information ( “信息”,不可数名词)

news (“消息”,不可数名词)

advice (“建议”,不可数名词)

idea (“主意”,可数名词,复数是 ideas)

二背诵默写人体部位单词(14个)

back ( 背部) arm(手臂) ear(耳朵) eye(眼睛)

hand (手) head (头) leg (腿) mouth(嘴)

neck(脖子,颈部) nose (鼻子) stomach(胃,肚子,腹部)

tooth(牙齿)----复数(teeth ) throat (喉咙,咽喉) foot (脚)-----复数(feet)

三.熟背5个句子

What’s the matter ? I have a cold .

What’s the matter ? I have a stomachache.

I have a sore back .

知识点1 matter 的用法:

1.n ,意思为“事情,问题,情况”

eg , There is a matter I would like to discuss with you.

(有一件事情我想和你讨论一下)

(2)v ,意思为“要紧,关系重大”,主要用于疑问句和否定句中。

eg . It doesn’t matter if you ‘re late----we’ll wait for you.

(你来晚了也不要紧-------我们会等你的。)

知识点 2 句型 What’s the matter ? (怎么啦?)

(1)What’s the matter ?= What’s wrong ?= What’s up ?(怎么啦?) 用于询问对方的身体状况;也是医生或护士询问病人的常用语,句子中的matter 应用“the matter”,如果

具体说到“某人如何”时多用with sb.

(2) What’s wrong with you ? (你怎么啦)

=What’s the matter with you ?

= What’s your trouble ?= What’s the trouble with you?

知识点3 生病词组短语:

have (v) 有,吃,喝,得…病(往往用 have a +病症)

eg . have a cold (伤风,感冒),have a bad cold (重感冒)

have a fever (发烧) have a cough ( 咳嗽)

have a sore throat (喉咙痛)

have a headache (头痛)

have a toothache (牙痛)

have a stomachache (肚子痛,胃痛)

总结表示生病的几个句型:

(1)“主语+ have/ has +a +病症”。

Jim has a bad cold .杰姆患了重感冒。

(2)“主语+have/has+ a + sore+ 发病部位”。Sore为形容词,故放在表示身体部位的名词前面,构成名词短语。

I have a sore throat last week . 上周我喉咙痛。

(3)“主语+have/has+ a + 部位ache ”。ache为名词,也可作后缀,常与表示身体部位的名词合成另外一个新词,表示身体某部位疼痛。

She has a toothache . 她牙痛。

补充2个句型

(4)部位+hurt(s) ,hurt 是动词,意为“疼,痛”,其过去式为hurt,表达某一具体位置的疼痛。

My head hurts badly. 我头疼得厉害。

(5)“(There is) something wrong with + one’s + 部位”意为“某人…不舒服,出了毛病”。

I can’t see anything. I think there must be something wrong with my eyes . 我什么也看不见。我想我的眼睛一定出毛病了。

辨析:ache与sore

(1) ache 常指连续的,局部的疼痛,常和表示身体部位的词连用一起构成复合词。 headache 头疼toothache 牙疼

(2) sore 常指因发炎而引起的肌肉疼,在表示自身的某部位疼痛时,常置于身体部位的名词前。

Have a sore back背疼 hane a sore throat喉咙疼

2a----2c

熟背,默写生病句型及建议句型

1. I have a headache . You should go to bed.

2. She has a stomache. She should lie down and rest .

You shouldn’t eat anything .

3. He has a toothache . He should see a dentist .

4. Tom has a fever . He should dringk lots of water.

5. I have a sore throat. You should drink hot tea with honey.

知识点一: 5个词组短语

go to bed (上床睡觉)

lie down and rest (躺下来休息)

see a dentist (看牙医)

lots of (许多)

hot tea with honey (蜂蜜热茶)

知识点2 lie 的用法:

(1)lie v . 意为“躺,平卧”。

Don’t lie down on the ground .

(2)lie v. 意为“位于”,其现在分词是lying,过去式是lay ,过去分词是lain

China lies in the east of Asia. 中国位于亚洲东部。

(3)lie v . 意为“说谎”,现在分词是lying ,过去式和过去分词都是lied 。

She lied to us about her job . 关于她的工作她对我们撒了谎。

(4)lie 也可作名词,意为“说谎,谎言”,tell a lie / tell lies 意为“说谎”。

He tells lies aboult his grade .

知识点3 rest的用法:

(1)rest 用作名词,意为“休息”。

常用与短语take / have a (good) rest “好好休息”。

You are tied . You must have a rest .

(2)rest 还可作“其余”讲,the rest of 意为“其余的……”。

The rest of the studends are boys . 其余的学生是男生。

(3) rest v . 意为“休息”

Please sit down and rest for a rest .

知识点4 with 的用法:

(1),with在此句中是“有,带有”的意思,表示某物有或具有某种特征。

介词短语with honey 作hot tea 的后置定语。

a coat with four pockets 有四个口袋的外套。

a book with a blue cover 一本蓝色封面的书。

You must do the work with more care . 你工作一定要在细心些。

(2)with ,介词,意为“和…一起”,表示伴随。

I like to talk freely with my friends .我喜欢和朋友一起自由交谈。

(3)with,介词,意为“用…..”,表示使用“某种工具,手段”等。

Cut it with a knife . 用刀把它切开。

(4)with,介词,意为“关于…,对…..来说”,表示关系等。

Are you pleased with the results ?你对这个结果满意吗?

知识点5 should 的用法

Should 为情态动词,后接动词原形,其否定是为shouldn’t ,用来表示建议,要求等。其后接动词原

形,无人称和数的变化。

You should’t go out at night . 你不应该在夜里外出。

在英语中,常见的表达建议的方法有:

(1)Let’s +v(原形)…..! 让我们做。。。。吧!

Let’s go to the movies !

(2)Why not (do)…..? 为什么不做。。。。。呢?

Why not comr a little earlier ? 为什么不早点来呢?

(3)Whould you like to do …?你愿意做。。。吗?

Would you like to play soccer with us ?

(4)Shall we (do) …..? 我们做。。。。。好吗?

Shall we go swimming this weekend ?

(5)You’d better do …你最好做。。。。

You’d better do your homework first. 你最好先做作业。

(6) How / What about doing …….? 做。。。。怎么样?

How /What about drinking some hot water ?喝些热水怎么也?

知识点6 not….anything的用法:

He shouldn’t eat anything .

= He should eat nothing . 他不该吃东西

not… anything = nothing .

辨析:something 与anything

(1)二者均属于不定代词,指代某物。

(2)something 通常用于肯定句中;anything 则通常用于否定句和疑问句中。

I have something important to tell you .我有一些重要的事情告诉你。

I don’t like anything. 我什么也不喜欢。

(3)在表示委婉的邀请,请求,建议或希望得到肯定答复时常用something.

Would you like something to drink ? 你想要喝点东西吗?

知识点 7 本页重点句

A: What’s the matter ?

B: I have a toothache .

A: Maybe you should see a dentist .

B: That’s a good idea . (主意,可数名词) 。

3a 熟背默写下列7句对话。

知识点(1 )I’ m not’t feeling well . 我感到不舒服。

I’m not feeling well . = I don’t feel well .是当自己身体不舒服时常用语,常用来回答What’s the matter with you ?”

知识点2 well 的用法

(!) well 在此句中为形容词,意为“身体好的,健康的”。

How are you today ?你今天怎么样?

I’m very well . 我很好。

(2) well 还可以作副词,意为“好地”,修饰动词。

Jack plays the piano very wel杰克钢琴弹得非常好。(修饰动词play)

(3) well 做名词,意为“井”, well water 井水。

When did it start ?什么时候开始的?

Start为动词,意为“开始”,与begin 同义。

School starts at eight .学校八点开始上课。

辨析:start to do sth 与start doing sth

两者都表示“开始做某事”,但在一下三种情况中常用start to do sth ,而不用start doing sth .

(1)主语是“物”而不是“人”

The ice started to melt .冰开始融化了。

(2)Start 本身为ing 形式时。

He is just starting to write the letter .他刚开始写那封信。

(3)其后的动词与想法,感情有关时。

She started to understand it .

About two days ago . 大约两天前。

辨析 ago 与 before (以前)

(1)“时间段+ ago ”,表示的时间以现在为基准,“若干时间前”,常用于过去时。 I melt him two days ago . 我在两天前遇过他。

(2)before 可用作介词,后接时间点,表示“在某具体时间之前”.

before five o’clock 5点钟以前。 before class 上课之前。

(4)before 还可以接地点,表示“在。。。。的前面”,

before me “在我前面”

Yes ,I think so . 是的,我想是这样。

so ( adv) ,意为“这样,如此”。常与动词连用,以避免重复。常与so连用的动词有say ,think, speak , tell , hope , believe , do 等。

Do you think so ? 你不这样认为吗?

I don’t think so . 我认为不是这样。

I‘m afraid so . 恐怕是这样。

I hope so .我希望如此。 I hope not . 我不希望如此

I believe so . 我相信如此。 I believe not.我相信不会这样。

I hope you feel better soon . 我希望你早日康复。

(1)you feel better soon 是一个句子,作hope的宾语,可以由连词that引导,但由于that在句

子中不作任何成分,可以省略。

I think (that) you are right .

(2) hope 意为“希望”,用于表示有可能实现的愿望,其后可接动词不定式,即hope to do sth ,意

为“希望(自己)做某事哦”。,但表达“希望某人做某事”则需用“hope+ that从句”。不能用hope sb to do sth . 句型。

I hope to go to Tibet some day in the future.

我希望将来有一天去西藏。(接动词不定式)

I hope that you can study harder .

我希望你会更加努力地学习。(接宾语从句)

辨析: hope 与wish

(1) 相同点: hope to do sth “希望做某事”,with to do sth “希望做某”

二不能用 doing sth

(2)不同点:hope for +名词,可以实现的愿望,wish for +名词,难以实现的愿望; hope + that 从句,希望,陈述语气,而wish +that 从句,愿望,表示虚拟语气。

(3)可以说wish sb sth 或with sb to do sth ,不能说hope sb sth 或hope sb to do sth .

I hope you will be better soon.我希望你能很快好起来。

I wish I were ten years younger.但愿我自己能年轻十岁。

We wish you a happy new year !我们祝你新年快乐!

illness 的用法:

n . 疾病,身体不适。其形容词形式时ill(病得,生病的)。

a serious illness 一种重病 illness of children 儿童疾病

Some children are away from school because of illness.

一些孩子因病不能来上学。

SectionA跟踪练习

Section B

1a----2c

知识点1. tired 的用法

(1)tired adj .劳累的,疲劳的,常与be ,feel,look等词搭配使用,都有“疲倦”的意思,但强调的方面稍有不同。be tired 强调“身体状态”,feel tired 强调“身体感受:,

look tired强调“视觉效果”。还有一些形容词,如hungry ,thirsty等也有类似tired 的

用法。

I feel very tired/hungry/thirsty. 我感到很累、饿、渴。

Are you tired ?你累了吗?

Go to bed early. You look tired out .

早点上床睡觉吧,你看上去累极了。

(2)tired一般只作表语,不能放在名词前面作定语,而且tired的主语通常是人。

(3)如果放在名词前面作定语,一般用tiring,意为“令人厌烦的,累人的”,但tiring得主语通常是物。

The tiring story made the studends tired .

这个无聊的故事使得学生感到厌倦。

知识点2 stressed out 的用法

stressed是由动词stress(压;使加压;强调)在词尾加-ed构成的形容词。Stressde out 是形容词性短语,常在句中作表语。You are too stressed out . You should relax yourself.

你太紧张了,你应当放松一下自己。

注意:部分动词后加-ed可以构成形容词,表示某种特征。

interest v. 感兴趣;使。。。。感兴趣----------interested adj .感兴趣的

tire v. 疲劳;使。。。疲劳----------tired adj 疲劳的

worry v. (使担忧)-------- worried adj 担忧的;焦急的

relax v. (使放松)--------- relaxed adj 放松的

excite v. 使。。。兴奋------excited adj 感到兴奋的

知识点3 go to bed early 的用法。

(1)go to bed 意为“去睡觉,上床;就寝”。它强调“上床睡觉”动作及过程,但人不一定睡着了。若强调“入睡,睡着,进入梦乡”须用go to sleep.

(2) 此处early用作副词,意为“提早地;提前地”,其反义词为late.

Please come to school early tomorrow. 明天请提早到校。

(3) early 还可以做形容词,意为“早的;提前的”;其反义词也为late。

He gets up early to catch the early bus.为了赶上早班车他早早地起床。

知识点4 problem 的用法

poblem为名词,意为“问题;令人困惑的事情;难以处理的事情”。

I can’t solve this problem . 我无法解决这个问题

辨析:problem与question

Problem指需要研究、解决的问题、难题,常与动词solve/settle连用。

qestion指有疑问,需要回答的问题,常与动词ask/answer连用。

We are studying the math problem. 我们正在研究这道数学题。

(完整版)八年级下册英语_Unit3_第三单元笔记+练习

Unit 3what were you doing when the ufo arrived? 【重难点分析】 一. 过去进行时 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或者某段时间正在进行或发生的动作,常和表过去的时间状语连用。 过去进行时的构成: 肯定形式:主语+was/were+V-ing 否定形式:主语+was not (wasn't)/were not (weren't)+V-ing 疑问形式:Was/Were+主语+V-ing。 基本用法: 1.过去进行时表示过去某一段时间或某一时刻正在进行的动作。 常与之连用的时间状语有:at that time/moment, (at) this time yesterday (last night/Sunday/week…), at+点钟+yesterday (last night / Sunday…),when sb. did sth等时间状语从句。 如:What were you doing at 7p.m. yesterday? 昨天晚上七点你在干什么? I first met Mary three years ago. She was working at a radio shop at the time. 我第一次遇到玛丽是在三年前,当时她在一家无线电商店工作。 I was cooking when she knocked at the door. 她敲门时我正在做饭。 2. when后通常用表示暂短性动词,while后通常用表示持续性动词, 因此它所引导的状语从句中,谓语动词常用进行时态,如: When the car exploded I was walking past it.= While I was walking past the car it exploded. 3.when用作并列连词时,主句常用进行时态,从句则用一般过去时,表示主句动作发生的过程中,另一个意想不到的动作发生了。如: I was walking in the street when someone called me. 我正在街上走时突然有人喊我。 4. when作并列连词,表示“(这时)突然”之意时,第一个并列分句用过去进行时,when引导的并列分句用一般过去时。如: I was taking a walk when I met him. 我正在散步,突然遇见了他。 We were playing outside when it began to rain. 我们正在外边玩,这时下起雨来了。 特点:while之后的从句一般用:进行时态(be+doing) When之后的从句一般用:过去时态 【注:本特点不是while和when的全部用法,更多的用法会在以后的学习中见到】 二. 情态动词(Modal Verbs )Ⅱ 情态动词:must 用于表示“必须”、“务必” 注:以must引导的一般疑问句,否定回答习惯上用No,you needn’t或don't have to ③. Must I pay now? Yes,you must . No, you needn’t./No,you don’t have to. 三. 重点词汇 1.cut v.切;剪;割cut (one’s)hair理发 Be careful.Don't cut yourself.小心,别切到自己。 2.alien n.外星人An alien got out of the UFO. 一个外星人从不明飞行物里出来。 3.land v.登岸;登陆;降落 n.陆地 The plane will land in ten minutes.飞机将在十分钟后降落。 A UFO landed in the middle of the field.. 一个不明飞行物降落在田野中间。 4.while conj.当……的时候;在……之时 While I danced, she sang.我跳舞,她唱歌。 While he was singing, I was playing baseball. 他当时在唱歌,而我在打棒球。 5.right adv.正好;恰好 The accident happened right over there.事故正好发生在那里。 He lives right in the center of the city. 他恰好住在市中心。 6.surprised adj.惊奇的;吃惊的 I was surprised that he was late for the party.我很惊讶他聚会居然迟到了。 She was surprised that I didn’t know about that.她很吃惊我竟不知那件事。 注:ed形容词用于修饰Sb,而ing形容词用于修饰sth 7.kid v.欺骗;哄骗I'm not kidding you.我没有骗你。You’re kidding = No kidding.别开玩笑了。 8.anywhere adv.到处;无论哪里(用于否定句和一般疑问句中) Did you go anywhere yesterday? 你昨天去没去过什么地方?

人教版八年级上册英语知识点汇总

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