何兆熊模拟试题听写原文：
Test 1 New Media
The news media in the US consist of radio, television and newspapers. Together they are pervasive on the lives of many Americans and influential on their daily routines. Throughout the day the news is broadcast repeatedly on the radio and television. In the evening news is a prime feature on television with up to two hours of news in the early evening and more news late at night.
The news media are free of government control. It is up to the general public to choose what to read, watch or listen to. Therefore, the media must have sensitivity to the interests of the public. News is big business. However, it is a very competitive business. When an item becomes newsworthy, such as an election or a war, Americans will become familiar with the most minute details as the news media scramble to be as informative as possible. But the result is that the news becomes repetitive. Nevertheless, most Americans would not criticize their news media too harshly. The credibility of the news media is generally acknowledged and accepted by the American public.
(182 words)
Test 2 American Pay for Things with Credit Cards
Americans spend a lot of money in their daily lives. They buy sports equipment, go to sporting events and do many things that cost money. However, many Americans don’t pay cash or write checks for these things. More and more, they pay for things with credit cards.
Credit cards are small, rectangular plastic cards. Banks give these cards to their customers. When the customer buys something at a store, he shows his card at the store. This authorizes the store to charge the bank for the customer’s purchase. The bank collects all the charges for each customer. Then once a month the bank requires the customer to pay all the charges for that month. The bank does not force the customer to pay the full amount. It allows the customer to pay for the charges in several payments over a period of time. However, the bank requires the customers to pay interest on the unpaid part of the charges.
In this way the bank allows customers to buy things they cannot afford at one time. People can use the card to buy what they want and pay for it over a period of time.
(194 words)
Test 3 The Home Computers Industry
The home computers industry has been growing rapidly for the last ten years. Computers used to be large, expensive machines that were very difficult to use. But scientists and technicians have been making them smaller and cheaper while at the same time they have been made easier to use. As a result, their popularity has been increasing as more people have been buying computers for their homes and businesses.
Computers have been designed to store information and compute complex problems. Some have voices that speak with the operators. Stores use computers to keep records of their inventories and to send bills to their customers. Offices use computers to type letters, record business and communicate with other offices. People have been using computers in their homes to keep track of expenses and turn appliances on and off.
One important new use for computers is for entertainment. Many new games have been designed to be played on the computers. People of all ages have been playing these games. They have been going to Arcades where the computer games can be played for a small cost. People also
have been buying home computers to play computer games at home. They have become very popular indeed.
(202 words)
Test 4。Ancient Olympic Games
According to historic records, the first ancient Olympic Games can be traced back to 776 BC. They were dedicated to the Olympian Gods and were staged on the ancient plains of Olympia. They initially had a religious character and combined a number of ancient sports events, many of which were used on ancient Greek myths.
The ancient Games actually occupied an important position in the life of our ancestors. An Olympiad was a time unit, measuring the four-year interval between two Games. Participants came to compete from every corner of the Greek world aiming at the ultimate prize; an olive wreath and a “heroic”return to their city-states. But apart form the glorious victory, it was the Olympic values themselves which accorded special meaning to the Games: noble competition and the effort to combine body, will and mind in a balanced whole.
As the Games developed, so did a set of procedures, such as a standardized schedule of events and the practice of the Olympic Truce. They continued for nearly 12 centuries. They Games placed an excessive public focus on athletic and spiritual affairs and abolished them.
(187 words)
Test 5 Wave
A wave is a disturbance that occurs in a medium such as air, water, metal, or earth. In fact, waves commonly occur in nearly all physical matter --- gases, liquids, solids, and vacuums.
A wave in water is one of the most familiar kinds of waves. Wind blowing across the ocean causes surface waves, which have crests and troughs. A crest is the top of a wave. A trough is the bottom. The strength of a wave is often measured by its amplitude, the distance between the top of the crest and the bottom of the trough. Beneath the surface, immense internal waves move through ocean waters.
Waves have mechanical properties, which can be observed and measured. When a wave moves along a medium, two things can be observed: the movement of the wave, and the movement of the medium. If a stone is thrown into the middle of a still pond, it will disturb the water. Waves will move from the point of disturbance and travel toward shore, forming a pattern of enlarging rings. When the waves lose their energy and subside, the water will become still again.
(189 words)
Test 6 How Can companies Increase Their Capital?
Companies can increase the money with which they run their business in a number of ways. One way is borrowing money, and another way is buying things with the agreement that payment can be made later. There are also other process for providing money for use by a company (computer).
One process the company may use is to issue bonds. Bonds are a special kind of promissory note. The company that issues they bonds promises to pay a particular amount of money as interest regularly for a certain period of time. This continues until the time when the company has to pay back the principal of the bond. Payments of principal and interest must be made on time whether the company has been earning money or not.
Another process companies may use is to issue other forms of promissory notes called stocks.
Bonds and stocks are opposite methods of providing money for a company. The people who buy stocks provide money which is put into and used by the company. These persons receive a part of the money that is earned and take part in deciding how the company will conduct its business. On the other have, the persons who own bonds have no right to help decide how the company will handle its business.
(215 words)
Test 7 Amount of Sleep
Generally speaking, the younger you are, the more you sleep and the deeper your sleep is likely to be.
Newborn infants sleep about 16 hours each day-night cycle. During the first year of life, the amount of sleep an infant needs decreases by two hours or more. By age two, the child sleeps about 12 hours a day, including about 90 minutes of daytime naps.
By adolescence and early adulthood, the amount of daily sleep has dropped to about 8 hours. According to a study students averaged about 7 hours and 40 minutes of sleep at night. In addition, they napped about 25 minutes per day. During the two-week period the students were studied, 84 percent of them took at least one nap and about 42 percent napped daily or almost every day.
Older people tend to sleep less deeply than do infants or young adults. By 40 or 50 years of age, people wake up more frequently during the night. And by age 60, almost everyone naps on a regular basis.
These data, however, are for people who live in more-or-less normal circumstances. Persons who are sick or experiencing other unusual situations will often show quite different sleep patterns no matter what their age.
(205 words)
Test 8 Instinct
Instinct is a complex unlearned response to a stimulus or group of stimuli. Instinctive behavior and reflex action are often difficult to distinguish. A true reflex is a simple, unlearned activity such as swallowing, sucking, and grasping. An instinct is a complicated unlearned combination of reflexes --- the flying of birds, for example. A habit, on the other hand, is a learned form of behavior that becomes largely automatic through repetition.
In animals below the human level, instinctive responses include mating, parental behavior, ways of securing food, and swimming or other methods of locomotion. Since 20th century, experiments have shown less evidence of the existence of instincts in man.
Today psychologists generally consider instincts to be peculiar to the lower animals, and avoid the term “instinctive”with regard to human behavior. Many maintain that anything man does that is not reflex action is something he has learned.
Even in the lower animals it is often difficult to tell how much of the behavior is inborn and how much is modified by learning. For example, each bird of a species tends to build nests in the same way as others of its species. However, the nest pattern and the materials for building can be adapted to the location in which the nest is made.
(213 words)
Passage 1 Digital Cameras [00:45.70]①According to a standard definition, / [00:48.34]a digital camera is a camera that produces digital images / [00:53.63]that can be stored in a computer, displayed on a screen and printed. / [01:00.17]②Years ago people used to possess two different devices / [01:04.47] in order to take pictures and make videos. / [01:08.42]③The creation of digital cameras was motivated mainly by two factors. / [01:14.04]④First, need to spare space. / [01:17.78]⑤Second, make it more comfortable for people [01:21.07]to do both things with higher quality results. / [01:25.49]⑥The multi-functionalism of digital cameras [01:28.62]and the combination of several devices in one / [01:32.12]make it a popular choice for a modern man. / [01:35.99]⑦For years a digital camera has been unaffordable for many families. / [01:41.39]⑧However, the variety of digital cameras and various prices nowadays / [01:47.06]make it possible for almost every single family to buy a digital camera. / [01:52.92]⑨With increasingly fierce competition, / [01:55.51] the digital camera manufacturers satisfy customers [02:00.35]with lower prices but best quality standards. Passage 2 The Migration of Birds [00:48.91]①The most obvious feature of birds is that they can fly. / [00:52.81]②This facility gives them great mobility and control over their movements. / [00:58.39]③Many species can travel quickly and economically over long distances —/ [01:04.28]up to thousands of kilometers, / [01:07.14]if necessary, crossing seas, deserts or other inhospitable areas. / [01:13.46]④They also have great orientation and navigational skills, / [01:18.14]and are able to remember and re-find [01:21.42]remote places they have previously visited. / [01:24.61]⑤Birds can thereby occupy widely separated areas at different seasons, / [01:30.80]returning repeatedly to the same localities from year to year. / [01:35.76]⑥Although migration is evident in other animal groups, / [01:40.09]including insects, mammals, and fish, / [01:43.49]in none is it as widely and well developed as in birds. / [01:48.22]⑦The collective travel routes of birds span almost the entire planet. / [01:53.69]⑧As a result of migration, bird distributions are continually changing—/ [02:00.05]on regular seasonal patterns, and on local, regional or global scales. Passage 3
2016年6月大学英语四级真题第一套听力原文 SectionA News report 1 The international labor organization says the number of people without jobs is increasing. In its latest update on global employment trends, the agency says projections of the number on unemployed people this year range from 210 million to nearly 240 million people. The report warns that 200 million poor workers are at risk of joining the ranks of people leaving on less than 2 dollars per day in the past 3 years. The Director-General of the International Labor Organization Juan Somavia notes that some countries have taken measures to address the effects of the global crisis. However, he points out that many countries have not done so. And based on past experiences, it takes 4-5 years after economic recovery for unemployment to return to pre-crisis levels. Mr. Somavia says the International Labour Organization is proposing a global job agreement to deal with unemployment. “ It ' s key objective is to place the center of recovery efforts, measures will generate h igher levels of employment and provide basic social protection for the most vulnerable. 1、What is the news report main about? 2、What does Juan Somavia, Director-General of the International Labour Organization say? News Report 2 Big fast food chains in New York city have started to obey a first kind of its rule, requiring them to post calorie counts right on the menu. City Nurses is with New York department of health. “ We wanted to give people an opportunity to actually see the calories before the y purchase the food and make a decision and informed decision that if they want to make the healthier choice. If they want to eat fewer calories, they can. And we expect this will have a huge impact on obesity. And of course, if this has an impact on obesity, it will have an impact on diabetes and heart disease and high blood pressure. ” The new rules will be introduced as a part of anti-obesity campaign. That also includes a recent citywide ban on artificial trans-fats in restaurant food. The menu roll only applies to restaurants that serves standardized potion sizes and have fifty or more locations nationwide. Starting last Saturday, chains big enough to fall under the rule will face penalties of up to 2000 dollars for not showing calorie information in a prominent sports on their menus, preferably next to the price. 3. what are big fast food chains in New York city required to do according to the new rule? 4. What will happen to big restaurant chains that violate the new rule? News Report 3 Almost all companies recognize the importance of innovation today, but not many are able to integrate innovation into their business. A commentary in the Shanghai Daily points out that innovation doesn ' t mean piles of documents, it ' s something more prlaecstiacyasl. mThaenyartic people tend to assume that innovation just means creating something new, but actually it than that. It 'asn attitude of doing thing. A company should find ways to innovate not just in products but also in functions, business models and processes. The article cites the global giant Procter & Gamble as an example, saying a real innovative company should develop an innovation culture, and use it as a primary tool for success. Procter & Gamble has a “ Corporate Innovation Fund ”
↓↓↓相关资料推荐↓↓↓ ●听力资料汇总 ●iBT新托福听力背景词汇分类大集合 ●黄金口语80题范例 ●针对口语一二题万能模版 ●刘文勇黄金阅读 ●如何把托福阅读28+ ●托福阅读背景知识 ●托福写作万能写作模板 ●托福写作高分模板 ●托福写作冲刺需要五步 1 Community service is an important component of education here at our university. We encourage all students to volunteer for at least one community activity before they graduate. A new community program called "One On One" helps elementary students who've fallen behind. You education majors might be especially interested in it because it offers the opportunity to do some teaching—that is, tutoring in math and English. You'd have to volunteer two hours a week for one semester. You can choose to help a child with math, English, or both. Half-hour lessons are fine, so you could do a half hour of each subject two days a week. Professor Dodge will act as a mentor to the tutors—he'll be available to help you with lesson plans or to offer suggestions for activities. He has office hours every Tuesday and Thursday afternoon. You can sign up for the program with him and begin the tutoring next week. I'm sure you'll enjoy this community service and you'll gain valuable experience at the same time. It looks good on your resume, too, showing that you've had experience with children and that you care about your community. If you'd like to sign up, or if you have any questions, stop by Professor Dodge's office this week. 【生词摘录】 https://www.doczj.com/doc/a77569371.html,ponent: n.［C］one of several parts that together make up a whole machine or system （机器或系统的）零件；成分；组成部分 2.tutor: n. ［C］someone who teaches one pupil or a small group, and is directly paid by them 家庭教师，私人教师v. to teach someone as a tutor 给…当家庭教师；指导3.mentor: n. ［C］an experienced person who advises and helps a less experienced person 顾问，指导人，教练
四级短文听写的长度一般在200到250词之间，包括8个单词填空和3个句子填空。全文朗读三遍。第一遍朗读时，中间没有停顿，供考生听懂全文内容；第二遍朗读时，单词空格中间没有停顿，句子空格大约有60秒的停顿时间，要求考生把听到的内容填入空格；第三遍朗读与第一遍一样，中间没有停顿，供考生核对所填内容。 Lecture 1第一讲5招扫清填词障碍 从某种意义上说，短文听写实际上也是一种完形填空。我们可以利用完形填空技巧，根据空格前后的语法结构、近义或反义复现等卷面材料所提供的已知信息来预测空格处的未知信息，从而提高答题的针对性，减少盲目性。第一招：利用句子的语法结构根据句子的主谓搭配、动宾搭配、修饰关系以及虚拟、倒装等语法结构关系，判断所缺单词充当的成分，从而推测出所填词的词性及形式（名词单复数或动词的时态、语态等）。 【例1】（11 6 42，43）Albert Einstein (42)this in 1905, when he (43) the concept of relative time as part of his Special Theory of Relativity. 【解析】分析句子结构可知，空格(42)以及空格(43)所在分句均缺少谓语动词，(42)题答案为predicted，意为“预测”。(43)题答案为introduced，意为“引进，介绍”。 第二招：利用语义连贯根据上下文中的关键词与空格前后词语在语义上的连贯，推断所填词可能的含义。 【例2】(08 12 39)Crime rates have always been high in multicultural, industrialized societies such as the United States, but a new (37) has appeared on the world (38) —rapidly rising crime rates in nations that previously reported few (39) . 【解析】空格（39）前的形容词few表明此处应填复数名词。此句与but前一句的情况构成转折，前一句说，犯罪率在美国等具有多元文化的工业化社会一直很高，空格所在句则说“犯罪率在那些以前很少有(39) 报道的国家开始快速上升”，为了确保语义上的连贯，所填词应有“犯罪，罪行”之意。本空答案为offences，意为“犯罪，罪行”。37题答案为phenomenon （现象），38题答案为scene（场景）。 第三招：从逻辑衔接中寻找线索根据上下文及句际间的逻辑关系（如并列、转折、因果等）推测所填词可能的含义（主要通过连接词、介词短语和副词来判断）。 【例3】(04 6 S5)Anyone may go there and read anything in the collection. But no one is (S5) to take books out of the building. 【解析】转折连词but前是说“任何人都可以进去阅读收藏的书籍”，根据but的特点可知，其后应该是说“任何人都不可以把书拿出大楼”，由此可知所填词应该表示“可以，允许”之意。本空答案为permitted，意为“允许”。 第四招：利用上下文的照应或复现关系注意在同一语境中寻找能够与所填词构成近义、反义或同根等复现或照应关系的词语，从而推测出所填词可能的形式或含义。近义词或反义词的出现常伴有表示并列或转折关系的信号词。 【例4】(09 12 43)For example, descripti ve writing might list the colors an artist used in a painting or the (43) a composer included in a musical composition, so as to make pictures or sounds in the reader s mind by calling up specific details of the work. 【解析】分析句子结构可知，所填词应与前面的colors并列，故很可能也是名词复数，二者后面都跟了一个省略了that的定语从句；所填词的定语a composer… in a musical composition 提示，该词应该与composer, musical属于同一个语义场，故应该与音乐有关。本空答案为instruments，意为“乐器”。
2015年12月英语四级听力原文及答案 Part 1 短对话 Question 1 - M: Do you remember the wonderful film on space exploration we watched together last month? - W: Sure. It's actually the most impressive one I've seen on that topic. Q:What do we learn about the speakers? Question 2 - W: Are you looking for anything in particular? - M: Yes. My son is graduating from high school, and I want to get him something special. Q:Where does the conversation most probably take place? Question 3 - M: Mike told me yesterday that he had been looking in vain for a job in the art gallery. - W: Really? If I remember right, he had a chance to work there, but he turned it down.
Q:What does the woman say about Mike? Question 4 - W: Would you like to come to Susan's birthday party tomorrow evening? - M: I'm going to give a lecture tomorrow. I wish I could be in two places at the same time. Q:What does the man mean? Question 5 - W: Aren't you discouraged by the slow progress your staff is making? - M: Yes. I think I will give them a deadline and hold them to it. Q:What is the man probably going to do? Question 6 - W: Excuse me. Could you tell me where the visitors' parking is? I left my car there. - M: Sure. It's in Lot C. Over that way. Q:What does the woman want to know? Question 7 - W: You look great! Now that you've taken those fitness classes.
41.Apology Helps It is never easy to admit you are in the wrong. Being human, we all need to know the art of apologizing. Look back with honesty and think how often you have judged roughly, you said unkind things, and pushed yourself ahead at the expense of a friend. Then count the occasions when you indicated clearly and truly that you were so sorry. A bit frightening, isn’t it? It is frightening, isn’t it? It is frightening because some deep wisdom in us knows that when even a small wrong has been committed, some mysterious moral feeling is disturbed; and it stays out of balance until fault is acknowledged and regret expressed. A heartfelt apology can not only heal a damaged relationship but also make it stronger. If you can think of someone who deserves an apology from you, someone you have wronged, or judged too roughly, or just neglected, do something about it right now. 42. Sleep Why is it so difficult to fall asleep when you are overtired? There is no one answer that applies to every individual. It is possible to feel “tired” physically and still be unable to fall asleep, because while your body may be exhausted, you do not feel sleepy. It is not so easy to simply “turn off”. Lack of sleep complicates matters even more. Experts say adults need at
Dictation Script (Week 1-2) Passage 2 A change in women’s life The important change in women’s life-pattern has only recently begun to have its full effect on women’s economic position. Even a few years ago most girls left school at the first opportunity, and most of them took a full-time job. However, when they married, they usually left work at once and never returned to it. today the school-leaving age is sixteen, many girls stay at school after that age, and though women tend to marry younger, more married women stay at work at least until shortly before their first child is born. Very many more afterwards return to full-time or part-time work. Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage, with the husband accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfactions of family life and with both husband and wife sharing more equally in providing the money, and running the home, according to the abilities and interests of each of them. Passage 3 A popular pastime of the English people One of the best means of understanding the people of any nation is watching what they do with their non-working time. Most English men, women and children love growing things, especially flowers. Visitors to England in spring, summer, or autumn are likely to see gardens all the way along the railway lines. There are flowers at the airports and flowers in factory grounds, as well as in gardens along the roads. Each English town has at least one park with beautifully kept flower beds. Public buildings of every kind have brilliant window boxes and sometimes baskets of flowers are hanging on them. But what the English enjoy most is growing things themselves. If it is impossible to have a garden, then a window box or something growing in a pot will do. Looking at each other’s gardens is a popular pastime with the English. Passage 4 British and American Police Officers Real policemen, both in Britain and the U.S., hardly recognize any common points between their lives and what they see on TV – if they ever get home in time. Some things are almost the same, of course, but the policemen do not think much of them. The first difference is that a policeman’s real life deals with the law. Most of what he learns is the law. He has to know actually what actions are against the law and what facts can be used to prove them in court. He has to know nearly as much law as a lawyer, and what’s more, he has to put it into practice on his feet, in the dark and, running down a narrow street after someone he wants to
听写作文5篇 篇一：听写今天下午上学到教室，老师就把上午听写的作业发给了我们。我一看错了很多，才几十分，我难过极了。后悔没有好好复习，妈妈让我多写多练，我没有做到。放学后妈妈接我，我偷偷看妈妈，妈妈不快乐。妈妈差不多收到老师发的短信了。我低着头对妈妈讲了一声：“对不起”妈妈什么也没讲带着我走了。回家的路上，妈妈依旧没忍住吵了我。我哭了！我明白错了，我以后一定好好学习，认真复习，认真完成作业。篇二：听写今天早上我在家里认真复习英语单词，为下午的英语听写做预备。上英语课的时候，老师第一件事就是给我们报听写。我听着老师报的第一个单词后，想了想，写了下来。接着，老师又报了几个单词，我紧张地抓紧写下来，生怕自己写错。老师改好了英语听写单词，发下来我看了看，“呀，又有这么多错啊，真是不可思议！”看来我的经历力也是非同一般的差呀，下次可要好好努力了！篇三：听写今天晚上，妈妈给我和爸爸听写，妈妈就随便念了几个词，我就在纸上写，等妈妈念道最后一个词：“舞蹈”的时候，我就有点可不能写了，然而那个“舞”字我会写，只是那个“蹈”我就可不能写了……突然，我想起一年级下册的时候，薛老师讲过“蹈”字的小儿歌的时候，我就立即把那个字写了出来，我真快乐，我的了今天的听写小明星，爸爸还没有我写的字漂亮呢，因此妈妈就给爸爸扣了2分。篇四：听写晚上妈妈给我听写生字，我觉得这些字都非常简单，觉得自己写的还好。写完后，妈妈让我自己检查，我大概看了看，告诉妈妈讲：检查过了，全对。结果，妈妈检查的时候，发觉我有两处写的不认真。两处差不多上写完字，组词的时候，没有重新写那个字。真是不小心呀！晚上心情一直都不行，写作业注意力不够集中，唉，内心一直想着下午摔跤的事呢！真后悔呀，以后一定听妈妈的话！篇五：听写今天听写生字，李老师给我发了一块糖，我非常感谢李老师。放学后，奶奶来接我，我告诉奶奶：今天上课听写生字，我写的好，李老师给我们写的好的同学都发了糖，奶奶讲：确实吗？，我讲：是的，奶奶讲：宝宝真乖，宝宝只要努力，老师都会看见的，坚持哦！我要认真写字，做个好学生。
4级听力原文
Section B 26: While Gail Obcamp, an American artist was giving a speech on the art of Japanese brush painting to an audience that included visitors from Japan, she was confused to see that many of her Japanese listeners have their eyes closed. Were they tuned off because an American had the nerve to instruct Japanese in their own art form or they deliberately tried to signal their rejection of her Obcamp later found out that her listeners were not being disrespectful. Japanese listeners sometimes closed their eyes to enhance concentration. Her listeners were showing their respect for her by chewing on her words. Some day you may be either a speaker or a listener in a situation involving people from other countries or members of minority group in North America. Learning how different cultures signal respect can help you avoid misunderstandings. Here are some examples. In the deaf culture of North America, many listeners show applause not by clapping their hands but by waving them in the air. In some cultures, both overseas and in some minority groups in North America, listeners are considered disrespectful if they look directly at the speaker. Respect is shown by looking in the general direction but avoiding direct eye contact. In some countries, whistling by listeners is a sign of approval while in other countries it is a form of insult. 29: Chris is in charge of purchasing and maintaining equipment in his Division at Taxlong Company.
音乐基础教学中的听写训练视唱练耳是每一位音乐专业学生的必修课，是每一位有志于音乐的学生走进音乐王国的必由之路。视唱练耳包括“视唱”与“练耳”两项内容。视唱就是“视谱即唱”，即拿到乐谱不做准备就能准确、流畅的演唱出来，练耳就是“训练听觉”，也就是通过听辨、听唱、听写等训练，全面提高对音乐的感知力、记忆力、表现力和鉴赏力。 在听唱练耳的教学中，视唱训练与听觉训练有着密切的关系，而这就像是水和船，“水涨船高”。作为视唱练耳教学中的重点和难点，听写无论在教学还是考试中，都起着举足轻重的作用，应予以足够的重视。近年来，全国大多数音乐艺术院校的视唱练耳考试都加入了听写的内容，下面就来谈谈听写训练。听写就是将听到或记忆到的音乐用乐谱记录下来。听写能力形成的基础是听辨、模唱、及构唱等，因此，在教学中应不间断的加强听辨、模唱及构唱的训练。此外，还应该加强听写训练与乐理知识之间的联系，调动理性思维，进行逻辑分析。有了这些良好的基础后，再进行听写练习就不会感到特别困难了。 一、单音听写训练 通常，教师要在钢琴上弹一个标准A1然后开始听写。为了加深对A音的记忆，可以弹奏记忆不同音区内的A音。每次听写训练开始前唱标准音，逐渐建立绝对音高感。另外，换可以通过背唱一些以A音为主音的旋律来加强对标准音的音
高感。单音训练是音高训练的基础，是基础中的基础，一定要做大量的强化训练。只有这样，才为以后的音程训练、和弦训练及旋律训练等提供依据、条件。 在训练中，要注意贯彻由浅入深、循序渐进的原则。首先在键盘中音区不带升降号的白键上听写，逐渐向两端音区扩展。当能够较熟练地听写出白键上的音之后，就可以按调的五度循环顺序逐渐加进#F、#C、#G、#D及bB、bE、bA、bD等音反复练习。 二、音程听写训练 音程包括旋律音程与和声音程，实际上，单音听写从莫种意义上就是一种旋律音程的听记。音程听写训练可以从旋律音程入手，逐步过渡成和声音程，为和弦听写训练打下坚实的基础。由于这一部分是非常重要但较难掌握的内容，往往很多初学者再此项听写中失误较多，因此掌握此项内容成为听写训练中的关键。只有对不同音程的性质和音响效果非常熟悉，才能听好和声音程。在平时训练中，要切实加强实际训练与听觉分析相结合。在听写和声音程时，可以要求学生在写出音程音位的同时，还要写出音程的性质，以加强感性和理性的认识。 音程听写训练要点： （一）熟悉音程的音调与音响特点 1、大小二度音程。旋律大小二度是常用的音程，是调 式自然音之间的级进连接，是平滑，自然而松弛的，
Model Test （10）Band Four 听力原文： Listening Comprehension Scripts: Section A: Directions:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A ), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 11.W: I’m trying to figure out if it’s best to buy a new computer or a second-hand one. What do you think? M: I think you should get to a new one. New computers are more reliable, and you’ll save money in the long run. Q: What does the man suggest? 12. M: Did you see the black and white movie on TV last night? W: I would have checked it out, but my aunt stopped by for a visit. I hadn’t seen her in over a month. Q: What does the woman mean? 13. W: Christmas will be here soon. Let’s get a pullover for Uncle Albert. Do you know if he has got a favorite color? M: No, I don’t. but we must get to Saint Mike’s. There he can take it back and change it if he doesn’t like the color. Q: What’s the probable reason why they want to get a pullover at Saint Mikes? 14. M: Should I buy the ten-pound bag of potatoes or the five-pound bag? W: What does it matter? You won’t save any money on the larger size. Q: What does the woman mean? 15. W: Who are you going to take to the party tomorrow? M: I’ll take Mary along if you’re not going with her. Q: Who is the one that he wants to take to the party? 16. M: Geoff has lots of good ideas. Do you think he’d be willing to come to the meeting? W: Oh, I think he’ll be glad to come. What will be difficult is getting him to speak before a large crowd. Q: What does the woman imply about Geoff? 17. M: Would you like to go have some coffee?