When night falls in remote parts of Africa and the Indian subcontinent, hundreds of millions of people without access to electricity turn to candles or flammable and polluting kerosene lamps for illumination.
Slowly through small loans for solar powered devices, microfinance is bringing light to these rural regions where a lack of electricity has stymied economic development, literacy rates and health. A woman sews clothes on a sewing machine driven by solar energy in Ahmedabad/ Photo credit: Amit Dave/ Reuters
“Earlier, they could not do much once the sun set. Now, the sun is used differently. They have increased their productivity, improved their health and socio-economic status,” said Pinal Shah from SEW A Bank, a micro-lending institution.
Vegetable seller Ramiben Waghri took out a loan to buy a solar lantern which she uses to light up her stall at night. The lantern costs between $66-$112, about a week’s income for Waghri.
“The vegetables look better by this light, and it’s cheaper than kerosene and doesn’t smell,” said Waghri, who estimates she makes about 300 rupees ($6) more each evening with her lantern.
“If we can use the sun to save some money, why not?”
In India, solar power projects, often funded by micro credit institutions, are helping the country reduce carbon emissions and achieve its goal to double the contribution of renewable energy to 6%, or 25,000 megawatts, within the next four years.
Off-grid applications such as solar cookers and lanterns, which can provide several hours of light at night after being charged by the sun during the day, will help cut dependence on fossil fuels and reduce the fourth biggest emitter’s carbon footprint, said Pradeep Dadhich, a senior fellow at energy research institute TERI.
“They are reaching people wh o otherwise have limited or no access to electricity, and depend on kerosene, diesel or firewood for their energy needs,” he said.
“The applications not only satisfy these needs, they also improve the quality of life and reduce the carbon footprint.”
SEW A or Self Employed Women’s Association, is among a growing number of microfinance institutions in India focused on providing affordable renewable energy sources to poor people, who otherwise would have had to stand for hours to buy kerosene for lamps, or trudge miles to collect firewood for cooking.
SKS Microfinance, India’s largest MFI, offers solar lamps to its 5 million customers, while Grameen Surya Bijlee (Rural Solar Electricity) Foundation helps fund lamps and home and street lighting systems for villagers in India, Nepal and Bangladesh.
互联网推进了中国经济社会发展。在经济领域，互联网加速向传统产业渗透，产业边界日益交融，新型商务模式和服务经济加速兴起，衍生了新的业态。互联网在促进经济结构调整、转变经济发展方式等方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。
互联网成为推动中国经济发展的重要引擎。包括互联网在内的信息技术与产业，对中国经济高速增长作出了重要贡献。
互联网与实体经济不断融合，利用互联网改造和提升传统产业，带动了传统产业结构调整和经济发展方式的转变。互联网发展与运用还催生了一批新兴产业，工业咨询、软件服务、外包服务等工业服务业蓬勃兴起。信息技术在加快自主创新和节能降耗，推动减排治污等方面的作用日益凸显，互联网已经成为中国发展低碳经济的新型战略性产业。
中国政府将大力推动电子商务类、教育类网站发展，积极推进电子政务建设，支持发展网络广播、网络电视等新兴媒体，倡导提供形式多样、内容丰富的互联网信息服务，以满足人们多样化、多层次的信息消费需求。
The Internet is helping promote the economic and social development of China. In the economic sector, the Internet has spread its influence into traditional industry, which leads to the emergence of new business models and service economy, generating new types of industries. The Internet is playing an increasingly important role in promoting economic restructuring and transforming the pattern of economic development.
The Internet has become an engine promoting the economic development of China. IT including the Internet and its industry has made significant contributions to the rapid growth of the Chinese economy.
The combination of the Internet and the real economy, the reform and enhancement of traditional industry through IT, have given an impetus to the restructuring of traditional industry and changing of the pattern of its development. The development and application of the Internet has given rise to the emergence of many new industries. Services for the development of industries such as industrial counseling, software service and outsourcing are mushrooming. The role of IT in promoting independent innovation, energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protection has become ever more prominent. The Inter-net has emerged as a new strategic industry in China’s development of low-carbon economy.
The Chinese government will vigorously promote the development of websites featuring e-commerce and education, give impetus to the building of e-government, advocate the development of emerging media such as online radio and online television, and call for the provision of varied and rich Internet information services to satisfy the diversified, multi-leveled needs of information consumption.
1.林黛玉：三生石畔，灵河岸边，甘露延未绝，得汝日日倾泽。离恨天外，芙蓉潇湘，稿焚情不断，报汝夜夜苦泪。
2.薛宝钗：原以为金玉良缘已成，只待良辰，奈何君只念木石前盟，纵然艳冠群芳牡丹姿，一心只怜芙蓉雪。
3.贾元春：贤孝才德，雍容大度，一朝宫墙春不再，一夕省亲泪婆娑。昙花瞬息，红颜无罪，到底无常。
4.贾探春：虽为女流，大将之风，文采诗华，见之荡俗。诗社杏花蕉下客，末世悲剧挽狂澜，抱负未展已远嫁。
5.史湘云：醉酒卧石，坦荡若英豪，私情若风絮，嫁与夫婿博长安，终是烟销和云散，海棠花眠乐中悲。
6.妙玉：剔透玲珑心，奈何落泥淖，青灯古佛苦修行，高洁厌俗袅亭亭。可惜不测之风云，玉碎冰裂，不瓦全。
7.贾迎春：沉默良善，见之可亲，深宅冷暖，累遭人欺，腹中无诗情风骚，膺内缺气概魄力。空得金黄迎春名，可怜一载赴黄泉。
8.贾惜春：高墙白曼陀，冷水伴空门。孤寒寂立一如霜，如何能得自全法？狠心舍弃近身人。侯门金簪冰雪埋，海灯僻冷长弃世。
9.王熙凤：毒酒甘醇，罂粟灿艳，锦绣华衣桃花眼，眼明刀锋吊梢眉。何幸七窍玲珑心，只惜冷硬霜凝集。千机算尽，反误性命。
10.贾巧姐：七月七日，牵牛花开，绮罗金线裹绕成，家亡院坍落污地。幸有阴德济困危，得获余生农家栖。一亩薄田，岁月绵长。
11.李纨：寒梅立霜，春来朝气。本自名宦出，农家稻香自甘愿，忠贞侍亲犹清心。竹溪茅舍佳蔬，分畦田列落英，一世宁安。
12.秦可卿：花容柳腰，风情月韵。钗黛兼美太风流，袅娜温软惜早夭。荒唐言尽，辛酸泪流，引情凡世仙客来，红楼梦醒扶春归。
2. 陆雪琪只是微笑，深深凝视着他，这个在梦里萦绕了无数次的男子，许久之后，轻轻地，低低地道：“别管明天了，好吗？”
3. 清风一缕西南荡，风铃响，仙乐扬。碧水霓裳，共与灵犀晃。月映残鬓忆以往，襟又湿，欲断肠。探首出窗望迷茫，青云上，黑竹旁，翠影依依，拂袂试晨霜。笑语欢声起心浪，同心结，不能忘！
4. 我半生说学，尽在相术，尤精于风水之相。这青云山乃是人间罕有灵地，我青云一门占有此山，日后必定兴盛，尔等决不可放弃。切记，切记！
5. 风雨萧萧，天地肃杀，苍茫夜雨中，彷彿整个世间，都只剩下了这一处地方，只有他们两人。
6. 生则尚有希望，死则背信怯懦
7. 曾经的一抹绿，我会倾尽全部守护她 .
8. 这样的一生，又会有多少的事，或人，值得你这般不顾一切呢？
9. 光阴如刀般无情，温暖你心的，是不是只有一双淡淡微笑的眼眸？你忘了么？多年之后，又或者另一个轮回沧桑？你记得的，又是什么？那空白的空虚就像回忆一样，怔怔的看着黑暗、远方。曾经的，我曾经拥抱过么？
10. 天高云淡，蔚蓝无限，的确令人心旷神怡，可是，却怎比得上，深心处里那一个心爱女子的──一个微笑？
11. 碧瑶：现在这些事，其实都是我的不是，是我瞒骗了他，所以我受什么责罚，也是应当的，但我绝不能背叛师门。
12. 暮雪千山，我不是一个人。
13. 师父，你别说了，弟子心里都早已想得清楚了。此事乃是天意，师父你自己也想不到的，何况当日最后时刻，虽然田师叔他老人家口不能言，但我心里清楚明白地感觉到他的心意，那一剑，田师叔也是要我出手的。
14. 陆雪琪：‘我当然在乎，若有可能，谁不愿长相厮守，谁不想天长地久？只是明知道难以达成，便不去想了吧！反正将来怎样，谁又知道，我却是终究不肯忘怀的。'
15. 若不是情到深处难自禁，又怎会柔肠百转冷如霜？也许真的拥抱了你。这个世界就从此不一样了吧。
16. 雨丝从夜空里落了下来，在黑暗的夜色中，在张小凡少年的眼里，仿佛带了几分温柔，甚至于他忽然觉得，这夜是美丽的，这雨是缠绵的，就连雨水打在竹叶上的清脆，也是动听的，响在了他灵魂深处。只因为在他身旁，有那样一个美丽女子，抬着头，带着七分青春二分欢喜乃至一分凄凉的美，怔怔出神地看着。这一场雨！
17. 旧时沧桑过曾记否伤心人白发枯灯走天涯一朝寂寞换宿休
18. 那眼光在瞬间仿佛穿过了光阴，忘却了这周围熊熊燃烧的火焰，看到了当初少年时，曾经的过往。
19. 黑暗深渊里的回忆，仿佛和今日一模一样，像是重新回到了，那曾经天真的岁月。原来，这一个身影，真的是，从来没有改变过吗？那变的人，却又是谁？
20. 在你绝望的时候，有没有人可以与你相伴？即使无路可走，还有人不曾舍弃吗？
21. 一切，终究是要结束的。一切，仿佛也将要重新开始……日月旋转，穿梭不停，斗转星移，谁又看尽了人世沧桑？
22. 那时候，我们身陷绝境，垂死挣扎，可是我却一直没有害怕过，当时若是就那样和你一起死了，我——我也心甘情愿！
23. 原来，千百年的时光，还是抹不去深深的一缕伤怀么……
24. 我知道你心里在想什么，师姐，你多半是骂我不知人事，不知这世道艰险，我心中所想所求，泰半都难有结果。其实我又何尝不知？若说心苦，我也曾的确为此苦过。只是，我却是想开了，人家说世难容，不可恕，而我终究不能如他一般，破门出家。但即便如此，我也只求心中有那么一个人可以相思，而且我还知道，他心中也有我，只要这般，我也就心满意足了。
25. 一剑斩龙，两界阴阳，三生合欢，四灵血阵，五婴圣骨，六和镜玄八卦幻，七朵痴情伤心瓣。八凶赤炎玄火鉴。
26. 碧瑶：你哪里会笨了？你聪明的紧！难怪我爹老是对我说，你这个人看似木讷，其实内秀的很。
27. 九幽阴灵，诸天神魔，以我血躯，奉为牺牲。三生七世，永堕阎罗，只为情故，虽死不悔。
28. 从小到大，不知道有多少人讨好我，送了多少奇珍异宝，可是……“她抬起头，凝视著张小凡的眼睛，轻轻道，”就算全天下的珍宝都放在我的眼前，也比不上你为我擦拭竹子的这只袖子。“
29. 你心中苦楚，天知我知，我不能分担你的痛楚，便与你一道承担。总希望有一日，你能与心中爱人，欢欢喜喜在一起的-------陆雪琪语
30. 我从来都不苦的，师姐。从来师门传道，便是要我们无牵无挂，心境自在，参悟造化，以求长生，不是么？可是，我要长生做什么？
31. 我不后悔，十年了，我心中还是记挂着你。如果可能，我情愿放弃一切，跟你一起到天涯海角。可是，终究是不可能了！
全国翻译资格考试笔译模拟练习及答案 各成员领导人指示部长们于2002年部长级会议前确定具体的行动和措施，与私营部门密切合作，在2006年前将APEC贸易便利化原则付诸实施。目标是力争在未来5年内将APEC地区的贸易交易费用降低5％。 领导人还指示部长们探讨为贸易便利化确定客观标准的可能性，在这一过程中要充分考虑APEC成员的多样性，以及各成员已经取得的进展。同时，领导人一致认为，开展援助项目来提高发展中成员实施贸易便利化的能力非常重要。 ［参考译文］ Leaders instruct Ministers to identify，by Ministerial Meeting in 2002，concrete actions and measures to implement the APEC Trade Facilitation Principles by 2006 in close partnership with the private sector. The objective is to realize a significant reduction in the transaction costs by endeavoring to reduce them by 5% across the APEC region over the next 5 years. Leaders also instruct Ministers to explore the possibility of setting objective criteria on trade facilitation， taking fully into account the diversity among the members as well as progress achieved in respective economies so far. Leaders also agree that assistance programmes to help build the capacity of developing economies in trade facilitation is particularly important. Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (英译汉) This section consists of two parts, Part A - "Compulsory Translation"
全国翻译专业资格考试CATTI二级《笔译实务》教材 原文及参考译文 A Survey of the Olympic Games The Olympic Games are an international multi-sport event2 subdivided into summer and winter games. They are each held every four years. Until 1992，they were both held in the same year. Since then, they have been separated two years apart3. There are more than 20 Summer Olympics sports, including swimming, basketball, soccer, gymnastics, boxing, weight-lifting, yachting, cycling and equestrian events. Skiing, ice-skating and ice hockey are among the 7 Winter Game sports. A competitor must be the citizen of the country he or she represents. No more than three entries from any country are permitted in each event (4 in the winter games). Only one team per country is allowed in a team sport4. There are many myths surrounding the origin of the ancient Olympic Games. The most popular legend describes that Heracles5 was the creator of the Olympic Games and built the Olympic stadium and surrounding buildings as an honor to his father, Zeus after completing his 12 labors6. According to that legend, he walked in a straight line for 400 strides and called this distance a “ stadium" that later also became a distance calculation unit. This is also why a modern stadium is 400 meters in circumference length (1 stadium = 400 meters). From then on，the Olympic Games were quickly becoming more and more important throughout ancient Greece, reaching their zenith in the 6th and 5th centuries BC. The Olympics were of fundamental religious importance, contests alternating with sacrifices and ceremonies honoring both Zeus (whose colossal statue stood at Olympia)，and Pelops，divine hero and mythical king of Olympia famous for his legendary chariot7 race，in whose honor the games were held. The number of events increased to 20，and the celebration was spread over several days. Winners of the events were greatly admired and were immortalized in poems and statues8. The Games were held every four years, and the period between two celebrations became known as an “Olympiad"9. The Gr eeks used Olympiads as one of their methods to count years. The most famous Olympic athlete lived in these times: the 6th century BC wrestler, Milo Croton, is the only athlete in history to win a victory in six Olympics. The Games gradually declined in importance after the Romans gained power in Greece. After Emperor Theodosius I10 made Christianity the religion of the Empire11 and banned pagan rites, the Olympic Games were outlawed as a pagan festival in 393 AD. In 1894，a French noble man，Pierrde，called a meeting in Paris that led to the first modern Olympic Games, held in Athens in 1896. Thirteen nations sent a total of 285 men, and the Games were revived. Since then the Olympics have been held in different cities of the world once every four years, with the exception of
全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语三级笔译实务模拟试题 Part 1 English-Chinese Translation (英译汉) Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET (60 points, 100 minutes). I leave the vault, and as the guard closes the door, a marine archaeologist asks if I want to see anything else. As an example he shows me an astrolabe, a navigation tool that preceded the sextant. Few have survived. "We have three of the oldest known," he says. He directs me to a paper on astrolabes written by a Cuban colleague, who quoted a 16th-century instruction: "He who wants to take the sun with an astrolabe at sea, must be seated near the main mast, the place where the boat oscillates the least and is quiet." I want to take the measure of Cubas past, so I tell the archaeologist I would like to go to the place where the plain things are. I am here not only to see treasures that glitter but also to see and touch objects that illumine moments of the past. Smiling, he takes me into storage rooms where he and other archaeologists preserve cargoes from four centuries of wrecks. Jumbled on these shelves is the stuff of Cubas long reign as counting house and command center for Spains New World colonies. I see knickknacks destined for one of the annual 18th-century trade fairs, where Cubans bought imports from Spain. I also see, pallid from centuries in the sea, dozens of little painted ceramic dogs, lions, cats, and deer later shipped from England. Stacked nearby are sets of dinner dishes, tankards, an hourglass, a bottle of very Old Spanish wine. On another day, in fading light, I walk the ramparts of El Morro, its lighthouse standing tall over Havanas harbor. The old fortress, by day a warren of tourist stops, changes by night, looming deeper into the shadows of Havanas past. As torches light the darkness, I watch Cuban soldiers, costumed as 18th-century Spanish sentries, march along the ramparts of the Castillo de San Carlos and fire a cannon that salutes
2019年6月全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试 英语二级《口译实务》试题 Section 1: English-Chinese translation(英译汉)(50points) Passage 1 When I came here last year, it was 9 months after the agreement was signed by OPEC members and non-OPEC countries. Now we have been out of 3 years of recession. cooperation between 25 countries has helped bring back stability, having a positive impact on world economy and trade. In the past 20 months, the change in the situations is like day and night. However, it’s not the time for us to rest on the su ccess. We should continue to build a healthy and stable market. Despite the recovery, there are still factors that are out of our control: geopolitical crises, disputes between countries and natural disasters. It is important for us to handle these risks and it is crucial to the market in the short term and in the long term. We are in support of the Paris Agreement, which is the most important document about climate change and sustainable energy. Historically, people think renewable energy is the only choice for the future, but I think this idea is misleading. Actually, we need a diversity of energy sources, rather than just one source. New renewable energy sources like solar and wind power are developing rapidly and the share of hydroelectric power remains stable.
全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试介绍 1、考试性质 全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试（China Accreditation Test for Translators and Interpreters -- CATTI）是受国家人力资源和社会保障部委托，由中国外文出版发行事业局(China Foreign Languages Publishing Administration)负责实施与管理的一项国家级职业资格考试，已纳入国家职业资格证书制度，是一项在全国实行的、统一的、面向全社会的翻译专业资格（水平）认证，是对参试人员口译或笔译方面双语互译能力和水平的评价与认定。 翻译专业资格（水平）考试，是我国翻译系列职称评审制度的重大改革。翻译专业资格（水平）考试与原有翻译专业技术职务任职资格评审制度相比，更体现了科学、客观、公平、公正的原则，报名参加考试人员不受学历、资历和所从事专业的限制。取得各级别证书并符合翻译专业职务任职条件的人员，用人单位可根据需要聘任相应职务。在资格考试体系尚未完全建立之前，新旧体系会有一个并存期。翻译专业资格考试将分语种、分级别地逐步推开，随着考试逐步推向全国，旧有的翻译专业技术职务任职资格评审制度将逐渐退出历史舞台。 2、考试目的 设立这一考试的目的是为适应我国经济发展和加入世界贸易组织的需要，加强我国外语翻译专业人才队伍建设，科学、客观、公正地评价翻译专业人才水平和能力，同时进一步规范翻译市场，加强对翻译行业的管理，使之更好地与国际接轨，从而为我国的对外开放服务。 3、考试报名条件 该考试是一项面向全社会的职业资格考试，凡是遵守中华人民共和国宪法和法律，恪守职业道德，具有一定外语水平的人员，不分年龄、学历、资历和身份，均可报名参加相应语种二、三级的考试。获准在华就业的外籍人员及港、澳、台地区的专业人员，也可参加报名。 4、考试语种 考试分7个语种，分别是英、日、法、阿拉伯、俄、德、西班牙等语种；四个等级，即：资深翻译；一级口译、笔译翻译；二级口译、笔译翻译；三级口译、笔译翻译；两大类别，
2018年5月翻译资格考试二级英语笔译实务真题及答案 英译中 第一篇文章 Near Cambodia's Temple Ruins a Devotion to Learning. 走进破败的柬埔寨庙宇，感受学习的热情。 Millions of tourists come here every year to visit the ancient ruins of Angkor Wat an influx that has helped transform what once resembled a small laid-back village into a thriving and cosmopolitan town with thumping nightlife and more than 10000 hotel rooms. 每年，都有数以百万计的游客造访吴哥窟，以观赏当地古老的历史遗迹，而这个游客聚居之地，也一改往日偏僻村落的闲适之常态，一举成为一座经济发展呈迅猛之势的国际化城镇。一万间宾馆客房拔地而起，赋予游客激情四射的夜生活。 But the explosion of the tourism industry here has also done something less predictable. Siem Reap which had no universities a decade ago is now Cambodia’s second-largest hub for higher education after the capital Phnom Penh. 但是，吴哥窟旅游业的爆棚式发展，也取得了某些意料之外的成果。十年前，暹粒还是一片学术的不毛之地，而今，暹粒已发展壮大成为柬埔寨第二大高等教育中心，高等院校规模仅次于首都金边。 The sons and daughters of impoverished rice farmers flock here to work as tour guides receptionists bartenders and waitresses. When their shifts are over they study finance English and accounting. 来自贫困稻农家的儿女们，一股脑地涌向暹粒。他们在这里要么做导游，要么从事接待工作；要么做调酒师，从事服务生的活计。每及轮班结束后，他们便会一头扎进金融、英语和会计的学习之中。 The establishment of five private universities here is helping to transform the work force in this part of Cambodia. Employers say that English proficiency is rising and that workers who attend universities stand out for their ability to express themselves and make decisions. A generation of students who would otherwise have had little hope to study beyond high school are enduring grueling schedules to get a degree and pursue their dreams. 暹粒设立的五所私立大学，正为改观当地的劳动人口推波助澜。老板们表示，员工的英语水平正在飞跃，接受高等教育的员工能表达自己的意愿，然后作出相应的决策，从而，也就容易在职场中脱颖而出。这一代学生本未对在高中毕业后继续深造寄予厚望，而现在，他们正在努力地完成繁重的学业，以期获得学位，追寻梦想。 Khim Borin a 26-year-old tour guide by day and law student by night says he wants to become a lawyer. But he sometimes has trouble staying awake in class during the high tourist season when he spends hours scaling vertiginous temple steps and baking in the tropical sun. 时年26岁的金?波林，白天做导游，晚上却是一名主修法律的学生。波林声称，他梦想成为一名律师。然而，在旅游的旺季，他每天都要爬上那令人晕眩的神庙台阶，且还不得不在热带阳光的炙烤下暴晒数个小时，这不免让他在晚间的课堂上心力交瘁。 But the symbiosis of work and study here came together without any master plan. 而在暹粒，工作与学习相得益彰，并无任何的总体规划。
外语翻译证书与翻译专业资格证书的区别 由国家人事部统一规划，中国外文局组织实施的全国翻译专业资格考试，将于12月6日至7日在北京、上海、广州三地同时进行首次试点考试。而教育部考试中心与北京外国语大学也相应推出了外语翻译资格证书。于是，全国翻译专业资格证书与全国外语翻译证书就构成了我国翻译行业的两个认证体系。这两大权威翻译证书都是翻译人员水平标准的等级证书，都包括笔译、口译两大方面，但这两大翻译证书还是有区别的。类似之处。由国家人事部颁发的全国翻译专业资格证书称为：资深、一级二级、三级。由教育部颁发的全国外语翻译证书称为：初级、中级、高级。一级（高级）口译、笔译翻译要具有较为丰富的科学文化知识和较高的双语互译能力，能胜任范围较广、难度较大的翻译工作，能够解决翻译工作中的疑难问题，能够担任重要国际会议的口译或译文定稿工作。二级（中级）口译、笔译翻译要具有一定的科学文化知识和良好的双语互译能力，能胜任一定范围、一定难度的翻译工作。三级（初级）口译、笔译翻译要具有基本的科学文化知识和一般的双语互译能力，能完成一般的翻译工作。 —相似之处 如最简单的三级（初级）考试就适合一些非外语专业本科毕业、通过大学英语六级考试或外语大专毕业生水平，并具备一定的口笔译实践经验；而二级（中级）却适合非外语专业研究生毕业或外语专业本科毕业生水平，并具备3至5年的翻译实践经验；要考取一级（高级）证书应该是最为困难的，它要具备8至10年的翻译实践经验，是某语种双语互译方面的专家。鉴于此，非英语专业的大学本科毕业生，最好从三级（初级）考起。通过初级口译或初级笔译者，可承担一般性会谈的口译工作或一般性材料的翻译工作。 —不同之处 1、全国翻译专业资格证书直接与职称相挂钩 据中国外文局全国翻译资格考试中心负责人翟煜林介绍，中国外文局组织实施翻译专业资格证书与职称挂钩。建立这个翻译人员资格考试制度后，翻译和助理翻译专业职务不再通过评审，而是由二、三级口译和笔译替代，从而改变了过去以单一评审模式对翻译人才进行评价的方式。它与职称挂钩，因此是从事专业翻译工作者获得职称的必经途径。而且全国翻译专业资格证书要求的专业性比较强，所以更适合以后从事英语方面的专业人士考取。 2、外语翻译资格证书有了一定社会化基础 这个早在2001年就由北京外国语大学中国外语教育研究中心推出的中国首个翻译资格认证考试，是为社会上的翻译从业人员和在校大学生提供的翻译资格的一个以学校为发证主体的认证。由于当时是比较早的一个翻译水平考试，被社会上比较多的翻译从业者和英语爱好者所接受。 3、两证来自于不同的背景 多年来我国翻译界存在着一个从助理翻译、翻译、副译审到译审的完整的翻译职称评审和晋级制度，这一职称评审制度是与高校教职、研究院所的研究职称和出版部门的编辑职称制度相对应的，它在一定程度上曾确立了翻译行业的职业归属感和对专业独立性的自信，却并没有成为一种有广泛社会认可度与社会适用性的职业资格评价体系，翻译专业资格证书就是在这样的背景下产生的。而对于北外来说，随着对外交往、国际合作的日益增多，对具有一定水平的专职翻译人员的需求、培养也突显其重要性。为了适应社会对翻译人员的需求，
第二部分章节题库[含听力音频] 第1章英汉互译（对话） ◆社会热点 Practice1 【录音材料】 Listen to the following dialogue and interpret it as required.After you hear a sentence or a short passage in Chinese,interpret it into English by speaking to the microphone.And after you hear an English sentence or short passage,interpret it into Chinese.Start interpreting at the signal and stop at the signal.You may take notes while you are listening.You will hear the dialogue only once.Now let’s begin. 下面你将听到的是一段关于道路交通伤害的对话。 A:你知道吗，现在道路交通伤害已成为全球性的公共健康危机了。 B:Yeah.According to the statistics in2006.1.26million people worldwide died as a result of road traffic injuries taking up2.2%of global deaths and ranking as the ninth leading cause of human deaths and morbidity. A:据说，道路交通伤害到2020年将上升至第3位，排位远在艾滋病、疟疾等健康问题之前呢。 B:The survey also shows that the deaths in developing countries as a result of road traffic injuries far exceed those of developed countries. A:形势很严峻啊。我认为国际社会理应加强合作，为提高世界各国特别是发展中国家的道路交通安全水平而努力。 B:I can’t agree with you any more.All countries should take into consideration the overall picture and all the factors to formulate specific laws,policies and measures to remove different causes of road traffic injuries. A:是的。特别还要关注发展中国家，因为他们自身经济实力有限，基础设施和管理水平等还有待完善。国际社会应在资金，技术和管理等各方面向它们提供帮助。 B:Yeah.We sincerely hope that all the efforts made will further heighten public attention to road safety in all countries and make traveling a safer and more comfortable experience. 参考译文 A:Do you know that road traffic injuries have become a public health crisis around the world? B:是的。根据统计，2006年全球共有126万人死于道路交通伤害，占世界死亡人数的2.2%，在人类死亡和发病的原因中排在第9位。 A:And it is reported that by2020road traffic injuries could rank third among causes of death and disability,ahead of such other health problems as HIV
姓名：准考证号： 2012年度上半年全国翻译资格（水平）考试试卷 笔译实务 （英语·三级） 国家人事部中国外文局 二○一二年五月
Section1: English-Chinese Translation（英译汉）（50 points）Translate the following passage into Chinese. The time for this section is 100 minutes. PALOS DE LA FRONTERA, Spain — Back home in Gambia, Amadou Jallow was, at 22, a lover of reggae who had just finished college and had landed a job teaching science in a high school. But Europe beckoned. In his West African homeland, Mr. Jall ow?s salary was the equivalent of just 50 euros a month, barely enough for the necessities, he said. And everywhere in his neighborhood in Serekunda, Gambia?s largest city, there was talk of easy money to be made in Europe. Now he laughs bitterly about all that talk. He lives in a patch of woods here in southern Spain, just outside the village of Palos de la Frontera, with hundreds of other immigrants. They have built their homes out of plastic sheeting and cardboard, unsure if the water they drink from an open pipe is safe. After six years on the continent, Mr. Jallow is rail thin, and his eyes have a yellow tinge. “We are not bush people,” he said recently as he gathered twigs to start a fire. “You think you are civilized. But this is how we live here. We suffer here.” The political upheaval in Libya and elsewhere in North Africa has opened the way for thousands of new migrants to make their way to Europe across the Mediterranean. Already some 25,000 have reached the island of Lampedusa, Italy, and hundreds more have arrived at Malta. The boats, at first, brought mostly Tunisians. But lately there have been more sub-Saharans. Experts say thousands more — many of whom have been moving around North Africa trying to get to Europe for years, including Somalis, Eritreans, Senegalese and Nigerians — are likely to follow, sure that a better life awaits them. But for Mr. Jallow and for many others who arrived before them, often after days at sea without food or water, Europe has offered hardships they never imagined. These days Mr. Jallow survives on two meals a day, mostly a leaden paste made from flour and oil, which he stirs with a branch. “It keeps the hunger away,” he said. The authorities estimate that there are perhaps 10,000 immigrants living in the woods in the southern Spanish province of Andalusia, a region known for its crops of strawberries, raspberries and blueberries, and there are thousands more migrants in areas that produce olives, oranges and vegetables. Most of them have stories that echo Mr. Jal low?s. From the road, their encampments look like igloos tucked among the trees. Up close, the squalor is clear. Piles of garbage and flies are everywhere. Old clothes, stiff from dirt and rain, hang from branches. “There is everything in there,” said Diego Ca?amero, the leader of the farm workers? union in Andalusia, which tries to advocate for the men. “You have rats and snakes and mice and fleas.” The men in the woods do not call home with the truth, though. They send pictures of themselves posing next to Mercedes cars parked on the street, the kind of pictures that Mr. Jallow says he fell for so many years ago. Now he shakes his head toward his neighbors, who will not talk to reporters. “So many lies,” he said. “It is terrible what they are doing. But they are embarrassed.”
2019年6月CATTI全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试 英语一级《笔译实务》试题 Section 1: translation Part 1 English-Chinese translation(英译汉)(40points) There was a time when people used to love reading books and they used to read books only for their own pleasure. The traditional pleasures of reading are more complex than just enjoyment. They involve patience, solitude, contemplation. And therefore the books that are most at risk from our attention are these that require a bit of effort. In order for this to work, however, we need a certain type of silence, an ability to filter out the noise. Such a state is increasingly elusive in our over-networked culture, in which every rumour and mundanity is blogged and tweeted. Today, it seems it is not contemplation we seek but an odd sort of distraction masquerading as being in the know. Why? Because of the illusion that illumination is based on speed, that it is more important to react than to think, that we live in a culture in which something is attached to every bit of time. In one sense, this is just the latest twist in a story that has been growing for nearly a century. It seems that each new media invention —movies, radio, television, VCRs and DVD players, and the Internet-inevitably affects the way people read and reduces the time they devote to it. These days, after spending hours reading e-mails and fielding phone calls in the office, tracking stories across countless websites, I find it difficult to quiet down. Besides, most people read to be informed and instructed -where to take a vacation, how to cook, how to invest their money. Less frequently, the reasons may be escapist or to be entertained, to forgo the boredom or anxiety of their daily lives. A mode of thinking is being lost,” laments Neil Postman, whose book “Amusing Ourselves to Dea th,” is a warning about the consequences of a falloff in reading. American politics, religion, news, athletics, education, and commerce have been transformed into congenial adjuncts of show business. Ironically, but not coincidentally, reading has begun fading from our culture at the very moment that its importance to that culture is finally being established. Its decline, many theorists believe, is as profound as, say, the fall of communism, and some have taken to prophesying that the downturn in reading could result in the modern world's cultural and political decline. Optimists, however, suggest that the widespread notion that reading is in decline is an oversimplification, citing statistics showing books, the oldest form of print, seem to be doing reasonably well and publishers, in fact, are